Black BOX 41874, 41872, 40870, 37688, 37687 User Manual

Desktop Terminal Server 16 - 37687

Desktop Terminal Server 8 - 37688

Rack Terminal Server 16 - 40870

Rack Terminal Server 8 - 40871

Terminal Server

July 2001

PRODUCT CODES

102 Terminal Server - 41872
104 Terminal Server - 41874

90-200V AC

Terminal Server

Administration Guide

CUSTOMER

SUPPORT

INFORMATION

Terminal Server

50-60Hz 2am

p fuse

POWER

POWER

NE

T

POWER

1

2

3

AUI

IOBASE2

724-746-5503

4

Rack Terminal Server

IOBASE-T

POWER
AUI
10BASE2
10BASE-T

Tx

12345678

Rx

User and

To order or for technical support see inside back cover.
Technical support and fax orders 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Phone orders from 7 a.m. Monday to midnight Friday; Saturday 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. (Eastern)
Mail order: Black Box Corporation, 1000 Park Drive, Lawrence, PA 15055-1018

Web site: http://www.blackbox.com • E-mail: [e-mail]

i

Terminal Server

5500059-10

- User and Administration Guide

ii

Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (NOM)

Contents

Electrical Safety Statement

Instrucciones
de Seguridad

1. Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operación
deberán ser leídas antes de que el aparato eléctrico sea
operado.

2. Las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser
guardadas para referencia futura.

3. Todas las advertencias en el aparato eléctrico y en sus
instrucciones de operación deben ser respetadas.

4. Todas las instrucciones de operación y uso deben ser
seguidas.

5. El aparato eléctrico no deberá ser usado cerca del
agua—por ejemplo, cerca de la tina de baño, lavabo,
sótano mojado o cerca de una alberca, etc.

6. El aparato eléctrico debe ser usado únicamente con
carritos o pedestales que sean recomendados por el
fabricante.

7. El aparato eléctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al
techo sólo como sea recomendado por el fabricante.

8. Servicio—El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al
equipo eléctrico más allá a lo descrito en las
instrucciones de operación. Todo otro servicio deberá
ser referido a personal de servicio calificado.

9. El aparato eléctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que
su posici—n no interfiera su uso. La colocación del
aparato eléctrico sobre una cama, sofá, alfombra o
superficie similar puede bloquea la ventilación, no se
debe colocar en libreros o gabinetes que impidan el
flujo de aire por los orificios de ventilación.

10. El equipo eléctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance
de fuentes de calor como radiadores, registros de calor,
estufas u otros aparatos (incluyendo amplificadores)
que producen calor.

i

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

11. El aparato eléctrico deberá ser connectado a una
fuente de poder sólo del tipo descrito en el instructivo
de operación, o como se indique en el aparato.

12. Precaución debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra
fisica y la polarización del equipo no sea eliminada.

13. Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de
tal manera que no sean pisados ni pellizcados por
objetos colocados sobre o contra ellos, poniendo
particular atención a los contactos y receptáculos
donde salen del aparato.

14. El equipo eléctrico debe ser limpiado únicamente de
acuerdo a las recomendaciones del fabricante.

15. En caso de existir, una antena externa deberá ser
localizada lejos de las lineas de energia.

16. El cable de corriente deberá ser desconectado del
cuando el equipo no sea usado por un largo periodo
de tiempo.

17. Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos
liquidos no sean derramados sobre la cubierta u
orificios de ventilación.

18. Servicio por personal calificado deberá ser provisto
cuando:

A: El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido dañado;

u

B: Objectos han caído o líquido ha sido derramado

dentro del aparato; o

C: El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia; o
D: El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un

cambio en su desempeño; o

E: El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido dañada.

ii

Contents

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 About this Guide 3

1.2 On-line Documentation 4

1.3 Getting Support 5

1.4 Terminal Server 5

1.5 Packing List 10

2 Installation 13

2.1 Connecting to your Network 13

2.2 Switching on the Terminal Server 13

2.3 Communicating via ARP 14

2.4 Communicating via a Terminal or PC 15

2.5 The Menu System 16

2.6 Tips 23

3 Terminals on Multi-user Systems 27

3.1 Terminal Port Configuration 27

3.2 Host Table Setup 29

3.3 Making a Connection 30

3.4 Tips 31

4 Setting up Dial-in Modem Ports 33

4.1 Dial-in Port Configuration 33

4.2 The Host 35

4.3 The Modem 35

4.4 Client Login 36

4.5 Tips 37

5 Modem Authentication & Logging 39

5.1 User Authentication/Logging 40

5.2 The Host 42

5.3 Logging 44

5.4 Tips 45

6 Dial-Out Modem Ports Setup 47

6.1 Configuration 47

6.2 The Host 48

6.3 Routing 49

iii

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

6.4 Remote Access Systems 50

6.5 Remote Site Devices 52

6.6 Tips 53

7 Printing 55

7.1 Using ioland 55

7.2 Using LPD 57

7.3 Using RCP 63

8 Other Devices Setup 69

8.1 Reverse Telnet Port Configuration 69

8.2 ioland Utility 71

8.3 Tips 76

9 The Menu Interface 77

9.1 Menu Commands 77

9.2 Connections Menu 78

9.3 Port Setup Menu 81

9.4 Administration Menu 91

9.5 Access Menu 93

9.6 Change Password Options 98

9.7 Gateway Menu 99

9.8 Host Address Menu 100

9.9 Kill Command 100

9.10 Lines Menu 101

9.11 Port Menu 103

9.12 Quit Command 103

9.13 Reboot Command 103

9.14 Server Configuration Menu 104

9.15 Statistics Screens 107

9.16 Trap Function 107

Appendices

A Command Line Interface 109
B Troubleshooting & Maintenance 119
C Cabling Guide 131
D Technical Specification 139

Index vii

iv

Contents

Quality Customer Service ibc

Figures

1 Terminal Server features and applications 2
2 Hardware description - Desktop Terminal Server. 8
3 Hardware description - Rack Terminal Server 8
4 Hardware description - 102/104 Terminal Server. 9
5 Packing list - Desktop Terminal Server. 11
6 Packing list - Rack Terminal Server 11
7 Packing list - 102/104 Terminal Server. 12
8 Connections Menu. 17
9 Commands pop-up menu. 18
10 Administration Menu (view level). 18
11 Administration Menu (password level). 19
12 Server Configuration menu. 20
13 Commands pop-up menu (server confign). 21
14 Port Setup Menu screen. 22
15 Port Setup Menu screen. 28
16 Host Address Menu Screen. 29
17 Connections Menu - Commands pop-up menu. 30
18 Port Setup Menu for PPP connections. 33
19 Remote Site Devices Screen. 36
20 Host Authentication and Logging screen. 40
21 Example log file. 45
22 Port Setup Menu screen. 47
23 Gateway Menu screen. 49
24 Remote Access Systems Screen menu. 50
25 Remote Site Devices Screen. 52
26 Ioland printing - Port Setup Menu screen. 55
27 LPD printing - Port Setup Menu screen. 57
28 RCP printing - Port Setup Menu screen. 63
29 Reverse Telnet - Port Setup Menu screen. 70
30 Commands - Exit pop-up menu. 77
31 Connections Menu - Commands pop-up menu. 79
32 Port Setup Menu. 81
33 Administration Menu. 91
34 Administration Menu (password level). 92
35 Access menu for Remote System Access. 93
36 Remote Access Systems Screen. 93
37 Remote Site Devices Screen. 95
38 Host Authentication And Logging menu. 96

v

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

39 Administration - Gateway Menu. 99
40 Administration - Host Address Menu. 100
41 Administration Menu - LInes pop-up menu. 101
42 Lines - Access Menu. 101
43 Lines - Flow Control Menu. 102
44 Lines - Hardware Menu. 102
45 Lines - Network Connection Menu. 102
46 Lines - Options Menu. 103
47 Lines - Terminal Menu. 103
48 Server Configuration menu. 104
49 Server Statistics pop-up menu. 107
50 SNMP Trap Configuration Menu. 107
51 Server Statistics pop-up menu. 126
52 Server Statistics screen - users. 127
53 Server Statistics screen - framed link status. 127
54 Network Connection Status screen. 128
55 Gateway Tables screen. 128
56 Server Statistics screen - port activity. 129
57 Server Statistics screen - line status. 129
58 Desktop Terminal Server DB-25 connector. 132
59 Desktop Terminal Server DB25 RS-232 pinouts (DTE). 132
60 Terminal Server RJ-45 connector. 133
61 Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers RJ45

RS-232 pinouts (DTE). 133
62 Terminal Server RJ-45 connector. 134
63 Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers RJ45

RS-422 pinouts (DTE). 134
64 Desktop Terminal Server Standard modem cables. 135
65 Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers

Standard modem cables. 135
66 Desktop Terminal Server Standard terminal/PC cables. 136
67 Desktop Terminal Server PC cables. 136
68 Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers

Standard terminal/PC cables. 136
69 Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers PC cables. 136
70 Desktop Terminal Server cables

with Hardware Flow Control. 137
71 Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers cables

with Hardware Flow Control. 137

vi

Introduction 1

Thank you for purchasing a BLACK BOX® Terminal Server.
The Terminal Server is a unique Ethernet TCP/IP
communications server allowing serial devices to be
connected directly to LANs and WANS. The 2, 4, 8 or 16
serial ports enable the Terminal Server to connect to a wide
range of devices including:

Modems for remote access and Internet access

•

• ISDN adapters for branch remote access
and Internet access

• Terminals for multi-user Unix systems

• PCs using terminal emulation or SLIP/PPP

• All types of serial printers

• Data acquisition equipment (manufacturing,
laboratory, etc.)

• Retail point-of-sale equipment (bar coding,
registers, etc.)

The performance and flexibility of the BLACK BOX
Terminal Server allows you to use a wide range of high
speed devices in complex application environments. These
operating systems include:

Introduction

®

®

• Windows

• Windows NT

• Citrix Winframe

• SCO Unix & Gemini

• IBM AIX

• Sunsoft Solaris

• Hewlett Packard HP-UX

• Data General DG/UX

•

All other variants of Unix (BSD, Linux, IRIX, etc.)

95/98

®

1

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

This configuration diagram shows many of the features
available on the Terminal Servers:

The

Internet

SCO Unix
Server

AIX
Server

Windows NT
Server

Terminal Server

104

POW

ER

102/104
Terminal

Server

Local PC

Desktop
Terminal

Server

9
0

-2
0

0V A

C
50-6

0
H
z 2

am
p
fu

se

POWER

Terminal

Router

NE
T

1

2

3

4

er
rv
e

al S

in
erm
T

AUI

IO

Rack

Terminal Server

x
T

12345678

POWER
AUI

Rx

10BASE2
10BASE-T

ER

POW

Cash

Register

Local PC

Local PC

Printer

Remote PC

Modem

Modem

B
AS

E2

IOBASE-T

ISDN TA

ISDN TA

Terminal

Terminal

Remote PC

Figure 1: Terminal Server features and applications

2

Introduction

1.1 About this
Guide

This guide describes the features and applications of the
Terminal Server from the level of novice user to more
experienced system installer. It includes information about
the table top units as well as the rack mount unit (form factor
is the only difference between them).

As an experienced user, you may save yourself some set-up time
by following the instructions in the Terminal Server Quick Start
Guide included with your package. Consult other sections in
this guide as required. Release notes are also available with this
unit (enclosed, or available from our web sites).

Note: The

BLACK BOX® Terminal Server

supports Windows

®

systems including Windows NT® , Windows® 95/98 and

®

Windows
features not included with Windows

3.x. When compared to Unix, there are several key

®

systems such as TFTP,
dial-out socket connections, etc. However, we have provided
a briefing on these in the applicable sections. In many cases,
we will point you to our FTP sites for the latest tips and

®

software for the Terminal Server and Windows

systems.

This guide is sectioned as follows:

Installing your Terminal Server

Terminals on Multi-user Systems

Setting up Dial-in Modem Ports

Modem Authentication & Logging

Setting up Dial-out Modem Ports

Printing

- Using ioland

- Using LPD

- Using RCP

3

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Other Devices Setup

The Menu Interface

Command Line Interface (CLI)

Troubleshooting & Maintenance

Cabling Guide

Technical Specification

Notation

The following notations are used to describe commands:

Conventions Used

Description Meaning

<parameter description>
[parameter description]
|

Text in the following font:

indicates input to, or output from the Terminal Server.

Screens illustrated in this guide may differ from those actually
viewed. However, information contained is valid for both
Unix and Windows

set term ansi

®

systems, and Terminals.

mandatory parameter
optional parameter
option separator

4

Introduction

1.2 On-line
Documentation

1.3 Getting
Support

1.4 Terminal
Server

This guide cannot cover all the information available to you
about the latest developments and new features. However,
there are a series of on-line documents available to help you to
use the Terminal Server. You can check the support sections
of our web sites for the latest information:

•

www.blackbox.com

•

www.blackbox.co.uk

If you encounter problems during setup or general
maintenance, contact
standard support route for the quickest answers:

For technical support

1. Have your serial number and problem overview ready
then…

2. Tel: [phone] and / or
Fax: [phone] and / or
Email: [e-mail]

BLACK BOX® for support. Here is the

,

Features

The Terminal Server is a TCP/IP server with (depending on the
version) 2, 4, 8 or 16, RS-232 or RS-422 ports for making serial
network connections. It attaches to your TCP/IP network and
allows serial devices such as modems, terminals and printers to
access the network.

5

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The Terminal Server hardware features:

• 2, 4, 8 or 16 serial lines, fully configurable with port
speeds of up to 115.2 kbps.

• RJ45 on Rack and 102/104 Terminal Servers or
DB25 RS-232 connectors on Desktop version.

• Full modem control using DTR, DSR, CTS, RTS
and DCD.

• FLASH memory for downloading firmware releases.

• The 102/104 Terminal Server has 10BASE-T
interface whilst the Rack and Desktop Terminal
Servers have auto sensing 10BASE2, 10BASE-T and
AUI Ethernet interfaces.

• Auto sensing power supply; 110-250V AC (48-60V
DC option available on Rack version).

• LEDs for diagnostic testing.

• Self-test on power-up.

• Rack mount or tabletop design.

The Terminal Server software features include:

• Support for TCP/IP protocols including telnet
and rlogin.

• Remote access support including PPP, SLIP
and CSLIP.

•

Printer support via lpd, rcp, and ioland utilities.

• Modem support via PPP and other utilities.

• Utilities provide ‘fixed tty’ support for
Unix systems.

• A window oriented menu interface with pop-up
menus and on screen help (command line
also available).

6

• ARP or BOOTP for network based setup.

Terminal Server

102/104
Desktop
Rack

Type

Table Top
Table Top

Rack Mount

No. Ports

2, 4
8, 16
8, 16

Connector

RJ45

DB25

RJ45

RS-232
RS-232
RS-232

RS-422

Interface

• Dynamic statistics displays and line status
reporting for fast problem diagnosis.

• Multiscreens on terminals.

• Full support of SNMP MIBs, allowing
remote configuration via SNMP as well as
statistics gathering.

• Interoperability with IP routing through
gateway tables.

• Domain Name Server support.

• WINS support for Windows

®

environments.

• Port configuration copy and save functions.

The Terminal Server security features include:

• Supervisory and port password.

• Port locking.

Introduction

Hardware
Description

• Authentication with PAP support.

• Per user access level assignment.

• Service logging.

• Logging facility for audit and billing.

• Modem auto reset.

The following table and diagrams describe the units:

7

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Serial Ports

90-200V AC 50-60Hz 2amp fuse

AUIPOWER

IOBASE2 IOBASE-T

123456 78910

Figure 2: Hardware description - Desktop Terminal Server.

1 Main power switch

2 Power input socket

3 Power indicator

4 Reset switch cover

5 AUI indicator

6 AUI connector

7 10BASE2 indicator

8 10BASE2 connector (universal)

9 10BASE-T indicator

10 10BASE-T connector

11 Port activity indicators (Rack only)

POWER

Rack Terminal Server

Serial Ports

12345678

POWER
AUI
10BASE2
10BASE-T

Tx

12345678

Rx

3579 4 6 8101121

AUI IOBASE2 IOBASE-T 110-230V AC 50-60Hz

Figure 3: Hardware description - Rack Terminal Server.

8

Introduction

RS-232/RS422

Terminal Server



POWER NET 1 2

1Serial Ports 2 3 4 5 6

724-746-5503

Figure 4: Hardware description - 102/104 Terminal Server

1 Power Indicator
2 Network indicator
3 Reset switch cover
4 Port activity indicators
5 10BASE-T socket
6 Power input socket

Functionally, the difference between RS-232 and RS-422
versions is the absence of support for hardware flow control
lines (RTS and CTS) and modem control lines (DSR, DTR and
DCD) in the RS-422 version. The performance and support
for 115.2k baud are unaffected by the different serial ports.

Software
description

RS-422 uses differential signalling and is capable of handling
longer distance due to superior noise immunity when
installed with suitable cabling.

The Terminal Server comes with the Software Support Disk.
This disk contains the latest ‘released’ firmware and the
redirector software for Unix systems called
firmware is a backup copy and generally not used. The

ioland

software is used for setting up printers and dial-out

modems on Unix.

ioland

. The

9

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The Terminal Server uses TFTP for downloading new

tftpd

firmware.
AIX and HP-UX but disabled by default.

Consult your Unix manual on this subject. On Windows

tftpd

is not provided at this time (see our

shareware

Note: Beta copies of the ‘next’ firmware release are usually
available on web sites (consult README files before
downloading).

Regarding
source code
binaries of
SCO, AIX, HP-UX, Solaris, etc.). The source code can be
compiled on any Unix system (consult your Unix manual
on this subject).

Note: The most recent versions of these binaries should be
available on web sites.

is included with Unix systems such as SCO,

tftpd

program).

ioland

, for printers/modems on Unix systems, the

ioland.c

ioland

is provided. There are also several

ready to run for various Unix systems (i.e.

FTP

site for a

®

,

1.5 Packing Lists

Desktop Terminal
Server

10

The following are check lists of the contents of your
package:

1Terminal Server

2This handbook

3Suppport Software Disk and Quick Start Guide

4Electrical Safety Booklet

54 wall mount brackets

6Power cable

Introduction

Rack Terminal
Server

1

2

90-200V AC 50-60Hz 2amp fuse

3

erver

inal S

erm

T

POWER

AUI

IOBASE2

IOBASE-T

4

5

Figure 5: Packing list - Desktop Terminal Server

1Terminal Server

2Electrical Safety Booklet

3This handbook

4Suppport Software Disk and Quick Start Guide

52 rack mount brackets

6Power cable

6

1

2

POWER

Rack Terminal Server

3

4

Tx

12345678

POWER
AUI

Rx

10BASE2
10BASE-T

5

Figure 6: Packing list - Rack Terminal Server

6

11

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

102/104 Terminal
Server

2

Figure 7: Packing list - 102/104 Terminal Server.

1 102/104 Terminal Server

2 This handbook

3 Support software disk and Quick Start Guide

4 Electrical Safety Booklet

5 Power supply unit

6 Power cable

1

Terminal Server

POWER

NE

T

1

2

3

724-746-5503

4

3

4

5

5

12

Installing your IOLAN+

Installation 2

Below is a step-by-step guide on how to configure the
Terminal Server. You can also reference the

Quick Start Guide

First connect the Terminal Server to a network then begin
configuring the unit for your application. Additional
information on configuring modems and printers follows.

.

Terminal Server

2.1 Connecting
to your
Network

10BASE-T
(twisted pair)

10BASE2
(Thin Ethernet)

AUI port

2.2 Switching on
the Terminal
Server

The Desktop and Rack Terminal Servers connect to your
Ethernet network via one of the three auto sensing ports:
10BASE-T (twisted pair), 10BASE2 (thin) or AUI. The 102/
104 Terminal Server has 10BASE-T only. The Desktop and
Rack version default is 10BASE2.

Attach the RJ connector from a hub directly to the Terminal
Server's twisted pair port.

Attach a BNC T connector directly to the Terminal Server. If
your Terminal Server is the termination point for the cable
you need to add a terminator. Always ensure that each
segment of the thin Ethernet cable is at least 0.5m in length.
The maximum length for a thin Ethernet cable is 185 metres.

The AUI connector allows an external transceiver to be
connected. This allows a number of different interfaces to
connect including 10BASE5 (or thick) and fibre optic transceivers.

The Terminal Server power supply accepts input voltages in
the range 110 to 240V AC, allowing it to be used world-wide.
The102/104 server has an external power supply unit.

After you connect your LAN interface, you can power up the
unit. The green power indicator at the side (or front for Rack
and 102/104 units) should be lit. If the unit fails to power up
with the green power indicator lit, disconnect the unit and
contact Black Box.

13

Terminal Server

2.3

Communicating
via ARP

- User and Administration Guide

The green Ethernet indicators show the active connections. It
remains lit and will blink when LAN traffic is active.

Note: To change your Ethernet media, you will need to
reboot the unit to activate the connector.

You are now ready to begin communicating with your
Terminal Server. You can connect to the Terminal Server in
different ways: via a terminal or PC on port 1, or using ARP
or BOOTP. Using ARP is the preferred method for both
Windows
port 1 is often used. BOOTP setup is for Unix users only and
is included in the
method for your application. Third party BOOTP packages
are available for Windows

The Terminal Server supports the ‘Address Resolution
Protocol’ (ARP). It allows you to temporarily connect to your
Terminal Server to assign a permanent IP address. If you
prefer to use a terminal or PC attached to the Terminal
Server, skip to the next section.

®

and Unix, however a terminal or PC attached to

Tips

section (2.6). Choose the appropriate

®

.

14

From a local Unix host, type the following:

arp -s a.b.c.d aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff

(Where a.b.c.d is the IP address you want for the Terminal
Server, and aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff is the Ethernet address of the
Terminal Server, found on the bottom of the unit itself.)

®

On a Windows
(using dashes instead of colons):

arp -s a.b.c.d aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff

Whether you use Unix or Windows® to run arp, you are now
ready to telnet to the Terminal Server.

system, the arp command is slightly different

Installing your IOLAN+

Here is the sequence to use:

arp -s 192.168.209.8 00:80:D4:00:33:4e
telnet 192.168.209.8
password>
local>

At the password prompt, just hit since this is not set yet.
The IP address still needs to be configured on the unit (ARP
has only allowed you to connect to the unit so far).

Note: If there are any errors, recheck both the IP and
Ethernet addresses you keyed in (this is the most common
error here). See

(Appendix B)

You can now skip the next section and go straight to

The Menu System.

2.5,

Troubleshooting & Maintenance

for more information on problems.

section

2.4

Communicating
via a
Terminal or
PC

You can connect to the Terminal Server using a terminal or
PC (with a terminal emulation package such as Hyperterm).

Connect a terminal or your PC to port 1. The Terminal Server
serial ports are DTE type RS-232 ports. When connecting a
terminal/PC directly (without modems), the RS-232 signals
need to be crossed over (‘null modem’ cable). See the

Guide

(Appendix C) for pinout information.

For a terminal/PC to communicate with a server, set it to the
following: 9600 baud, eight data bits, one stop bit, software
flow control, no parity.

After powering up the Terminal Server, you are prompted to
enter a ‘Local login:>‘. You can just hit any character and
at this point (the character is required).

Cabling

15

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

2.5 The Menu
System

The next prompt displayed is
Line Interface (CLI) prompt.

Note:

If there are any problems, check the cable you are
using (this is the most common error). Port 1 is configured to
provide error messages should any problems occur.

Troubleshooting

information on problems.

You can now move to

You should now be at the Command Line Interface (CLI) of
the Terminal Server as designated by the
you would like to continue in CLI mode refer to
but we recommend the menu system.

Set the terminal emulation type and begin using the menus.
The following are the terminal options:

ansi, dumb, vt100, wyse50, wyse60, tvi925,
ibm3151, vt320, falco50, hp700

The default setting is ‘dumb’. To set the menu interface to
your emulation simply type
Example:

&

Maintenance

local>

, which is the Command

(Appendix B) for more

The Menu System.

set term

with your option.

local>

prompt. If

See

Appendix A

,

16

local> set term ansi

To switch from the command line interface to the menu

local>

interface, at the

set menu

The

Connections Menu

This menu displays the current state of the four possible
connections. There are no active connections.

prompt enter:

should now be displayed.

Installing your IOLAN+

CONNECTIONS MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

Connection Host

1 *** FREE ***
2 *** FREE ***
3 *** FREE ***
4 *** FREE ***

________________________________________________________________________________

v4.02 a CDi TERMINAL SERVER

Figure 8: Connections Menu.

The firmware version of the Terminal Server is located on the
lower left hand portion (in this example, version 4.02). The
wording ‘REMOTE-ADMIN’ in the upper right signifies you
are remotely telneted into the server (and will read
‘Terminal: 1’ if you are using a terminal/PC into port 1.)

Connections
Menu

The keys used to move about in the menus depend on the
terminal emulation you are using. The arrow keys should all
work. The TAB key is very important for moving between fields.
Backspace and DEL should work, but depend on the emulation.
ESC (the escape key) will move you back one menu.

Note: If there is a problem with your emulation, you can try
a different emulation mode. See

Maintenance

(Appendix B) for more information.

Troubleshooting

&

An accelerator key can be used to jump to an option within
a menu and is the first letter of the option.

Select connection '1’ on the
the

key. The

Commands

Connections Menu

and press

pop-up menu is displayed.

There are a number of options available from this menu.

17

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Connection Host

1 *** FREE ** === Commands ===

2 *** FREE ** | Telnet ^T|
3 *** FREE ** | Rlogin ^R|
4 *** FREE ** | Port ^P|
| Admin mode ^A|
| CLI |
| Lock |
| Logout ^D|
================

________________________________________________________________________________

This option allows you to configure parameters affecting

RACK v4.02 a CDi TERMINAL SERVER

the Server box, eg hosts table, other terminals.

Figure 9: Commands pop-up menu.

Before communication across the network can be established
the Terminal Server must be assigned a network IP address.
This is accessed through the

Administration Menu

.

Administration
Menu

18

Select the

Admin mode

Note: If you are telneted into the server, the

port

options do not appear on the

The top level

ADMINISTRATION MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

gateway Examine/modify gateway table.
host Examine/modify host table.
line Terminal configuration organised by line.
password Specify password to allow modification of menu items.
port Terminal configuration organised by port.
quit Return to connections menu.
server Examine/modify Server parameters.
stats Examine Server statistics.

________________________________________________________________________________

Administration Menu

field and press the key.

telnet, rlogin

Commands

pop-up menu.

appears as follows:

and

Figure 10: Administration Menu (view level).

Installing your IOLAN+

Select the
factory default password here: this is

Password

field and press the key. Use the

iolan

(no caps).

Note: This password level will time-out in four minutes if
there is no activity. This is for security reasons and will take
you back to

The

Administration Menu

some extra fields

** Administrator ** ADMINISTRATION MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

access Remote System Access (PPP).
change Change login and/or admin password.
gateway Examine/modify gateway table.
host Examine/modify host table.
kill Kill TCP connections on serial line.
line Terminal configuration organised by line.
port Terminal configuration organised by port.
quit Return to connections menu.
reboot Reboot Server.
server Examine/modify Server parameters.
stats Examine Server statistics.
trap Examine/modify SNMP Trap parameters.

________________________________________________________________________________

Administration Menu

is redisplayed, however it now has

(access, change, kill, reboot, trap

(view level).

).

Figure 11: Administration Menu (password level).

Select the
into the

server

entry and press the key. This takes you

Server Configuration Menu

.

Server
Configuration
Menu

There are a number of fields in the

which are explained in Section 9,

menu

At this point, you just need to give the Terminal Server an

and a

name

address

.

Server Configuration

The Menu Interface

IP

19

.

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

** Administrator ** SERVER CONFIGURATION REMOTE-ADMIN

Name [TSERVER ] Debug mode [0 ]
IP address [204.17.209.8 ]
Subnet mask [ ]
Ethernet address [00:80:d4:00:9e:a1] Ethernet interface [AUTO ]
Language [English ]
Identification [ ]
Lock [Disabled]
Password limit [5 ]
CR to initiate [Yes ]
SNAP encoding [Disabled]
Boot host [204.17.209.1 ] Boot diagnostics [Enabled ]
Boot file [ ]
Init file [ ]
MOTD file [ ]
Domain name [ ]
Name server [ ] NS Port [53 ]
WINS server [ ]
________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 12: Server Configuration menu.

The important fields that you need to fill in are as follows:

Name: In the example above the terminal server name

has been set to
Terminal Server name entered here to match the
name entered in the host machine’s domain
name server.

TSERVER

It is a good idea for the

20

Note: For more information about domain name servers,
consult your operating system manuals.

IP Address: This address must be set to a value that is

consistent with the network the server is on.

Having filled in the fields press the key. This brings the

Commands

Note:

pop-up menu as shown below.

The Ethernet address is factory set. This address is
uniquely assigned to the Terminal Server and MUST NOT

be changed

.

Installing your IOLAN+

Subnet mask [ ]
Ethernet address [00:80:d4:00:9e: == Commands ===ernet interface [AUTO ]

Language [English ] | Save & Exit |
Identification [ | Quit & Exit | ]
Lock [Disabled] | Values |
Password limit [5 ] | Cancel |
CR to initiate [Yes ] ===============
SNAP encoding [Disabled]

Figure 13: Commands pop-up menu (server confign).

Port Setup Menu
and Beyond

Select the
options are
before exiting this menu,
optional values for this field if available, and

Save & Exit

Quit & Exit,

field and press the key. Other

which does not save the changes

Values,

which will display the

Cancel,

which

will take you back to this screen for more editing.

You have now set up the unit with a new IP address. This
should be confirmed with the message:

IP CHANGED—PLEASE REBOOT

Reboot the Terminal Server to activate the new IP address

reboot

using the

command. The IP address and/or subnet
mask are the only parameters that when changed necessitate
rebooting.

Your terminal server is now ready to configure for terminals
on multi-user systems or modems, printers and other devices.
The next sections deal with each of these. If you’ve got a
good feel for the menu system, you should proceed to the
section appropriate for your application.

If you’d like a full review of the menu system refer to Section

The Menu Interface

9,

later in this guide. For more

information about the Command Line mode, consult

Command Line Interface

(Appendix A)

.

21

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

All of the procedures are based around the
This is accessed through the

Administration Menu

Port Setup Menu

(password

.

level). Remember, that if you are not in the password level,
you can only view the information, not change it.

Here is the

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [XON/XOFF] Hot [^]] Intr [^C]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^U]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Local ]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Raw ]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

________________________________________________________________________________

Port Setup Menu

:

Figure 14: Port Setup Menu screen.

This menu allows the user to set up all the parameters
associated with a port. The administrator can alter the set-up
of any port on the terminal server while a user can only alter
the set-up for their own port.

22

This menu is divided into the following sections:

Hardware:

Defines port type and is used for setting up the
hardware configuration of the modem, terminal,
printer or PC session. This section is always used.

User:

Defines various user parameters such as name and
terminal type. Most fields are used in this section.

Flow Control:

Defines the various flow control options used by
the Terminal Server. This section is always used.

2.6 Tips

Installing your IOLAN+

IP Addresses: Deals with remote access via PPP/SLIP sessions.
Options: Deals mainly with the telnet options. This

section is the least used.

Keys: Defines the various accelerator keys that the

server responds to and can be used for
convenience.

Access: Controls the type of the connection made from

this port. This is the most important section in
defining a port.

If you’re ready to install terminals, printers and modems,
proceed to the appropriate section. For a good review, go to
Section 9,

The Menu System.

Copy Command

Connecting via
BOOTP (for Unix

systems only)

The Terminal Server has a copy command that allows you to
copy the setup of one port to another. You will need to get to the
CLI (from the

Note: To get back to the menu system once in the CLI, type

set menu

The command above would copy the configuration of port number
1 to ports 2, 3, 4 and 5 (and return you to the menu system).

The Terminal Server supports BOOTP which allows the
server to dynamically configure itself on startup. Upon
startup the Terminal Server sends four BOOTP broadcast
requests if it has no IP address. This broadcast request
packet contains the Ethernet address of your unit.

Connection

at the command line.

tserver> su
password>
ADMIN:local> copy 1 2 3 4 5
ADMIN:local> set menu

menu) and use the following syntax.

23

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The request is received by all hosts on the network and is
checked against a file to find a match. This data base file will
normally be

Where:

ht

is the type of network

ha

is the Ethernet address on back of the Terminal Server

hd is the home directory for specifying the server firmware (optional)
bf

is the name of the Terminal Server firmware (optional)

ip

is the IP address you want to use

Note: This BOOTP implementation is a subset and not a full
implementation of the RFC.

Note: The most common error is bad information in the

/etc/bootptab
Maintenance

/etc/bootptab

# bootptab description
:ht=ethernet:ha=0080d400024e:\
:hd=tftp:\
:bf=tserver.DL:\
:ip=192.168.209.8:

file (recheck it). See
(Appendix B) for more information.

and will be of the following format:

Troubleshooting &

Saving and
Downloading
Configurations

24

You can now move back to

It is possible to save the configuration of your Terminal Server.
This is convenient for loading multiple terminal servers with
the same setup. It is also advisable as a backup method.

If the boot file name has the extension ' .cfg ' (eg
will be loaded as a configuration file rather than a boot file.
This allows the administrator to configure one Terminal Server
unit, save its configuration and automatically configure
subsequent units via bootp.

Should the configuration of your Terminal Server ever be
corrupted because of user error or damage, keep a copy of
the configuration stored somewhere for easy re-installation.

The Menu System

in this chapter.

tserver.cfg

), it

Installing your IOLAN+

This can be achieved by uploading the configuration of the
unit to a host on the network. To do this, enter the

Communications Server Menu

Select the

Menu.

Set this to the full pathname of the file in which you wish to
store the configuration. Set
you wish the file to reside within and save these entries.

Boot host: rockvegas (or ip address)
Init file: /tftp/term_serv.cfg

Log onto the host machine in the normal manner and create
the file you have specified in the Terminal Server menu, this
could be as shown below:

touch term_serv.cfg

Note: This file must exist with the correct read/write
permissions before you write to it.

Init file

from the

entry of this menu.

Boot host

Administration

to the host machine

This can be accomplished by hitting
option in the pop up menu at the
as the administrator, by typing:

su

Enter the password and type:

save config

This uploads the terminal server port configurations to the host
in a format that can be downloaded at a later date.

Note: This does not save any of the settings configured in
the

Communications Server Menu

language, name, subnet mask, etc.

The Terminal Server will now automatically download this
configuration on reboot. Remember that whenever you
change a setting on the unit, it will be overwritten the next
time the unit is rebooted unless the new configuration is saved.

and selecting the

local>

prompt. Use the

, including the IP address,

CLI

CLI

25

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Domain Name
Server (DNS)

Reassigning the
Server to a
New Network

The Terminal Server can be configured to take advantage of
your network’s Domain Name Server (DNS). This is done
from the
your DNS in the
field as well.

If you need to attach the Terminal Server to a different
network with a new IP address, it is possible to reset it to
factory default condition using the following procedure:

After this is done, the unit will start sending BOOTP request
packets.

This procedure is useful for factory defaulting units which
cannot be reached via TCP/IP. This includes reassigning a
programmed unit to a network to which the previously
assigned IP address does not belong.

Administration Menu

name server

1 Power on the unit

2 Wait 30 seconds

3 Hold down the RESET button for 15 seconds

4 Release the button

by keying in the IP address of

field. Fill in the

domain name

Updating
Terminal Server
Firmware

26

Firmware can be downloaded across the network using tftp
protocol if the host machine and file name are set in the

and

host

are checked at start up and if they have been configured, the
relevant file will be downloaded.

Note: tftp must be enabled on the releveant host as it is
disabled by default.

boot file

entries of the server menu. These entries

boot

Terminals on Multi-user Systems 3

The Terminal Server is used extensively for connecting
terminals, printers and modems on multi-user Unix systems,
especially in retail applications. These Unix systems include
SCO Unix, IBM AIX, HP-UX, Data General’s DG/UX, etc.
This section deals with terminals and/or PCs using emulation
packages (such as Hyperterm). For information on adding
printers, modems or other devices, please refer to the
respective sections.

Terminals on Multi-user Systems

3.1 Terminal Port
Configuration

Installation

The
with access to the menu system. This is convenient for most
users. But in many applications, the users need to be ‘direct
connected’ to a specific Unix host so that they see the
prompt automatically. This is helpful in securing your
system, or in environments where the users need to be in
one application only.

This section will show how to setup a terminal, and other
tips such as the concept of ‘fixed ttys’, multiscreens, the
copy command, TERM features, etc. Consult Appendix C,

Cabling Guide,

Remember to use the TAB key to bounce between fields,
and if you get the
hitting

This is the setup for making a terminal connect to a

designated Unix host

The

Port Setup Menu

section covered how to attach a terminal

for information on wiring your terminal.

, use

Commands

Cancel

login

screen is shown overleaf.

exit menu by mistake by

to return to editing this menu.

prompt automatically.

login

27

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [XON/XOFF] Hot [^]] Intr [^C]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^U]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Local ]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Telnet]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [Initiated]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [204.17.209.1 ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [23 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 15: Port Setup Menu screen.

The following fields are important:

28

Access: Set this field to

Local

. This tells the Terminal

Server port to listen for data on the RS-232 side.

Mode: With this field set to

in telnet mode (or

telnet

, the port will operate

raw

for rlogin). Most systems

will use telnet.

Connection:

Set this field to

Initiated

and the port will establish
a TCP/IP connection to a specified host only after
receiving a <CR> on the RS-232 port. If you set this
field to

none

, then the user of this port will see the

menu system when the terminal is powered on.

Host:

Use this field to define which host computer you
want the port to automatically connect to when
using

Initiated

address or if you setup the

connections. Use the host’s IP

Host Address Menu

,

you can use a name (see next section).

Remote Port: This corresponds to Telnet service on the remote

host and must be set to the standard 23 (or 513
for rlogin).

Terminals on Multi-user Systems

3.2 Host Table
Setup

Monitor DSR: You can set this field to

Yes

if you wire the
terminal’s DTR signal pin 20 (DB25) to the
Terminal Server's DSR signal pin 3 on the RJ45
conector (

see Cabling Guide

for DB25 pin
assignments). When you turn the terminal off, it
will reset the server port, which tells the Unix
host to kill the user’s processes.

In order for the Terminal Server to connect easily to
machines on the network it must know the IP addresses of
the other computers. The Terminal Server can have its own
internal table of IP addresses set up in the host table. This is
a ‘local’ naming system only. The Terminal Server can also
use the name server utility of your Unix system (consult your

Tips

Unix system manual and section 2-6,

The

Host Address Menu

by selecting the

Menu

is accessed from

host

entry. The host table can contain

).

the Administration

up to 10 addresses. Each entry consists of a host name and
its corresponding IP address.

** Administrator ** HOST ADDRESS MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

Entry Host name IP Address

1 [fred ] [204.17.209.70 ]
2 [astro ] [204.17.209.6 ]
3 [router ] [204.17.209.254 ]
4 [blackbox ] [204.17.209.1 ]
and so on…
________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 16: Host Address Menu Screen.

You can fill in an entry (both the name and the IP Address)
for your host machines and then save the values by pressing

key.

the

29

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

3.3 Making a
Connection

If you are using initiated connections, you will not see the
Terminal Server menus. Instead, you see the login prompt
of the host you assigned in the

. However, if your

Menu
Connections Menu

connection

appears. You are now ready to make

field of the

field is set to

Port Setup

None

, the

host

connections.

From the

*** FREE ***

the

Connections Menu

session to display the

Telnet

field and press the key.

Name: TSERVER CONNECTIONS MENU Terminal: 7

Connection Host

1 *** FREE ** === Commands ===

2 *** FREE ** | Telnet ^T|
3 *** FREE ** | Rlogin ^R|
4 *** FREE ** | Port ^P|
| Admin mode ^A|
| CLI |
| Lock |
| Logout ^D|
================

________________________________________________________________________________



press the key on a

Commands

menu. Select

30

Figure 17: Connections Menu - Commands pop-up menu.

This produces a pop-up menu allowing the choice of the
host machines that are configured in the host table. To select
a host, move the cursor down to the required name then
press the

key. At this point the unit attempts to make a
connection across the network to the indicated host using
the telnet protocol.

If it succeeds, the host machine’s login prompt is displayed.
There may be an error in the configuration if the connection
cannot be established.

Terminals on Multi-user Systems

Note: At this point, check the host table again for correct
entries, then check the network connection and host
machine you’re connecting to.

While in session to the host machine, you can return to the
terminal server by using a hot key. This is user-defined, but
defaults to ^]. Press this key and the
displayed. To resume your connection select the host
session you were on (notice that the name of the host is now
displayed where
bring up the

Resume Connection

Note: If the ^] did not work, you might have a conflict with
that character sequence and should check the
of this port.

When logging out of your session the connection is
automatically closed.

*** FREE ***

Connection

option.

was). Press the key to

pop-up menu, then select the

Connections Menu

Keys

section

is

3.4 Tips

Connecting via
‘fixed ttys’

Multisessions on
terminals/PCs

The Terminal Server has the ability to create a ‘fixed tty’
under Unix. This is helpful for older or secure Unix
applications that require a fixed location for each terminal.
Consult section 8,

The Terminal Server is capable of supporting multiple
sessions. This allows the user to connect to all four

*** FREE ***

them using the ^] hot key. You can also key through the
screens by setting the session key (e.g. If set to ^A you would
bounce through the screens with a ^A1, ^A2, ^A3, ^A4.). If
you are using a terminal that supports video pages such as
the Wyse 60, the screens will be refreshed if you set the

video pages

supported by your terminal (for Wyse 60 = 3).

Other Devices Setup

sessions with different hosts and move between

field on the

Port Menu

.

to the number of pages

31

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The TERM field

Gateway Tables

The

TERM

field in the
the terminal type information to the host. The
field is local to the Terminal Server but will be passed to the
host. The
to the host about the type of terminal. This allows you to
customise information being passed to the host. For
example, a user could encode the physical location into this
field (i.e. tty16) and then extract that at the host end to
determine which port the user has logged in on (i.e. port 16).

When the host and Terminal Server are connected via a
gateway router, a connection is not possible until the
gateway table has been updated with the IP address of the
local gateway machine. See section 9.7, the
section of

TERM

The Menu Interface

Port Setup Menu

field can override the information being sent

.

can be used to pass

terminal type

Gateway Menu

32

Setting up Dial-in Modem Ports 4

Setting up Dial-in Modem Ports

This section will review the configuration necessary to create
dial-in connections. It will start with the most simple
connection such as a dial-in Unix connection. The section
then moves into setting up PPP ports which is how Windows

®

systems dial-in (as well as Unix). This is very important if you
are an Internet Service Provider (ISP) or a corporate site
providing remote access or Internet/Intranet access.

The Terminal Server can make a very good dial-in solution
for ISPs and corporate users alike by using its remote access
facilities. This section goes hand-in-hand with the next
section,

Modem Authentication and Logging

.

Note: In many of the modem examples, we are using PPP.
You can use SLIP and CSLIP in those applications requiring
these legacy modes.

4.1 Dial-in Port
Configuration

The following is the port configuration for a dial-in
connection, including PPP.

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [57600 ] Flow ctrl [Hardware] Hot [^@] Intr [^@]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^@]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [255.255.255.0 ]
Monitor DCD [Yes] Dst [204.17.209.101 ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Local ]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [Host ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Raw ]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [Dedicated]
CLI/Menu [CLI ] Hex data [No ] Host [204.17.209.1 ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [Yes ] Remote Port [513 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 18: Port Setup Menu for PPP connections.

33

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The following fields are important:

Monitor DCD:

TERM: This field is the TERM environment variable.

Flow Ctrl: The modem and terminal server port should be

Dst: This field contains the IP address the dial-in user

Mask: If using PPP, SLIP or CSLIP, this is the subnet

With this flag set to
monitor Data Carrier Detect (DCD) - pin 8 - from
the modem. As soon as your modem answers a
call and establishes a carrier signal, the modem
raises DCD. The terminal server will then
establish a telnet/rlogin connection to a specified
host. When the modem hangs up, DCD goes low
and the terminal server port resets. This will also
drop the connection to the host.

Whatever you type in here will be passed to the
host as the TERM variable when a telnet
connection is established and the user logs in.

configured to use Hardware (RTS/CTS) flow
control. This will be especially important if you
are using SLIP.

will borrow for the PPP session. If you are using
a straight forward dial-in connection for Unix,
this is not required.

mask that controls the range of IP addresses
accessible from the port and must correspond
with your network. (If used for terminals, this is
not needed.)

Yes

, the Terminal Server will

34

Secure: This field is set to

use the Dst IP address. (su is not available in this
mode.) If the Secure flag is set, the dial-in user
will not be able to obtain administrative
priveleges. This also applies to local terminals.

Yes

to force the call-in user to

Setting up Dial-in Modem Ports

4.2 The Host

Access: Set this field to

the terminal server to listen for data on both the
RS-232 side and the network side. If only used
for dial-in, set to
the RS-232 side.

Connection:

Host:

Remote port: This corresponds to the Login (i.e. rlogin)

Local port: The

Make sure you have setup a valid user account for
authentication on the designated authentication host. See

Modem Authentication & Logging

With the connection set to
automatically connect to a specified host when not
doing PPP (DCD goes high on the modem).

When not doing PPP, this field defines which host
computer you want the port to automatically
connect to. Use the host’s IP address. You can
also define the host in the terminal server’s Host
Table and just use the name.

service on the remote host and must be 513 (or
23 for Telnet).

inetd

for this port is listening for TCP/IP connections
on TCP port 10006.

Dynamic

process running on the terminal server

. This sets the port of

Local

and it will only listen on

Dedicated

(section 5).

, the port will

4.3 The Modem

You will need to initialise the modem using a configuration
string. To do this, go to the

Access

(via the
the UNUSED ENTRY that corresponds to the port with the
modem attached (i.e. third one down is port 3, etc.). You
can set the type (i.e. name) and the
required configeration string (e.g.
are default.

section of the

Remote Site Devices

Administrative Menu

Modem Config

ate0s0=1&w

screen

). Select

to the

). All other fields

35

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

** Administrator ** REMOTE SITE DEVICES SCREEN REMOTE-ADMIN

Type [port3 ]

IP Addresses
Src Addr [ ]
Dst Addr [ ]

Modem
Config [ate0s0=1&w ]
Dial Comm [ ]
Hang Up [ ]

PPP Configuration Dialer Configuration
Restart timer [1 ] Dial Timeout [40]
Max Retries [5 ] Dial Retries [2 ]

Inactivity [0 ]

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 19: Remote Site Devices Screen.

4.4 Client Login

36

You will now need to

or CLI) to activate the changes and configure the

Menu

kill

this port (from the

Administration

modem. The configuration string will be sent to the modem
after each call, keeping the modem in sync with the server.

When the caller connects, you may want to send out a
welcome message of some sort (see MOTD tip below). After
the user gets this message, you want him/her to enter a login
and password then connect to the Host for a shell account.
Or, if it is a PPP user, they will simply start sending PPP

®

packets at the login prompt (e.g. Windows

95/98) and use
PAP for authentication. Optionally, the dial-in user can
place a P, S or C (all caps) in front of the user name at the
Login prompt (this starts the corresponding protocol after
successful authentication).

Welcome to the Internet site
login: Cflint
password:
Host authentication succeeded.

Setting up Dial-in Modem Ports

My IP Address is : 192.168.209.7
Your IP Address is : 192.168.209.210
The Subnet Mask is : 255.255.255.0

With this example, the Terminal Service is now in CSLIP mode,
so put your PC into CSLIP mode as well. Your dialer script will
have to parse out the My/Your addresses from the above
message. ‘Your IP Address’ will be the address of the PC that is
calling in, and ‘My IP Address’ can be the PC’s default gateway.
The above procedure works for SLIP and PPP as well.
However, PPP will not display the ‘My IP...’ message because
the IP addresses are negotiated automatically in the IPCP layer.

4.5 Tips

Domain Name
Server (DNS)

WINS Server

With the

Dedicated

user name, you will be authenticated and then connected to
the host. This will leave you at a shell prompt on the
Authentication host. A caller will never see the Terminal
Server. If
CLI prompt (i.e.

The Terminal Server can be configured to take advantage of
your network’s Domain Name Server (DNS). This is
important for ISPs. From the

server
server

If you have a local NT server running WINS and you want
dial-in clients to take advantage of that, put the IP address
of the NT server in the

Configuration

Note: The Windows
by setting 'Use DHCP for WINS resolution'.

Connection

, if you do not specify a P, S or C in front of the

Connection

and key in the IP address of your DNS in the
field. You could fill in the

local>

screen.

field on the

is set to

).

WINS server

®

95/98 client obtains the WINS address

Port Setup Menu

None

, you will be left at the

Administration Menu

Domain name

field of the

field as well.

Server

set to

select

Name

37

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

MOTD

Gateway notes

A Message of the Day (MOTD) can be displayed before
login. This is setup from the

MOTD

and

using

If you have a router on your local network, make sure you
enter this into the Terminal Server

Boot host

Server Configuration

fields.

Gateway Menu

menu

.

38

Modem Authentication & Logging 5

The Terminal Server provides authentication support to
validate users connecting to the serial port, and can update a
host log file on connection states. Authentication and
logging is achieved by using a designated authentication host
to validate users and keep connection information. This
unique facility takes the burden away from the unit and more
importantly allows the administrator to configure one host,
rather than configuring multiple terminal servers.

Modem Authentication & Logging

Authentication:

Logging: During the Terminal server start up, a telnet

Note: RADIUS is often associated, but not required, for

dial-in services. RADIUS offers three major functions:
authentication, logging and user services. The Terminal
Server can be configured to offer all of these features but
without using RADIUS. This section explains how.

When the Terminal Server port has authentication

host or both

set to
user name followed by a password when dialed
in. The user ID and password are forwarded to
the authentication host for validation. By setting
the authentication hosts network port to 23 or
513, this allows the user ID to be checked against
the standard Unix login system (see section 5.4

Tips

for Windows® systems). This feature also
allows proprietary user validation code to be
written on any TCP/IP platform by choosing
another network port number.

session is established to the authentication host,
with the pre-defined

password

and out are recorded in the defined Log File.

, the user is required to enter a

Log Username

. Serial events like users logging in

and

Logger

The

Host Authentication And Logging

via the administrator from the access option in the

Administration Menu

.

menu may be accessed

39

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

5.1 User
Authentication/
Logging

To improve access security, the Terminal Server has a
mechanism for authenticating users before allowing them
access. This is accomplished by prompting the user for a
Login ID and a password. The Terminal Server will then
attempt to login to a specified host using that ID and
password. If successful, the user is authenticated and
allowed access. Otherwise, the call is dropped. The
Terminal Server will also log events such as logins, logouts,
connections and disconnections, and power ups. This
feature is enabled when you set the

host

in the

Port Setup Menu.

Authentication

The following is the host authentication setup (via the
section of the

** Administrator ** HOST AUTHENTICATION AND LOGGING REMOTE-ADMIN

Auth Host [204.17.209.1 ]
Authentication Port [23 ]
Login Prompt [ogin: ]
Password Prompt [ssword: ]
Success Indication String [Last ]
Failure Indication String [incorrect ]

Maximum Login Attempts [3 ]
Login Timeout (seconds) [60]
Disconnect Probe [No ]

Log Username [tserver ]
Log File [tserver.log ]

Log Power Up/Down [Yes] Log User Login/Logout [Yes]
Log Port Connect/Disconnect [Yes] Log User Service Start/Stop [Yes]

________________________________________________________________________________

Administration Menu

):

field to

Access

40

Figure 20: Host Authentication and Logging screen.

The following fields are important:

Auth Host: The IP Address/Name of the host that the

Terminal Server attempts to login to for
authenticating users.

Modem Authentication & Logging

Authentication Port: The TCP service to be used for

authenticating users. Normally this is set

23

for Telnet.

to

Login Prompt: The string used by the Terminal Server to

know when to send the login ID. Set this

ogin:.

field to
some systems use a ‘L’ and others use a
‘l’ as the first letter.

Password Prompt: The string used by the Terminal Server to

know when to send the users password.
Use ‘ssword’ as depicted above.

Leave out the first letter as

Success Indication
String:

Failure Indication
String:

Maximum
Login Attempts:

Login Timeout:

Disconnect Probe: This option determines whether

The string used by the Terminal Server to
determine if the login ID and Password
were valid and the login process was
successful. Normally you will see the
string ‘Last’ after successfully logging in.

The string the server will look for to
determine that the Login ID or Password
were invalid. You will normally see the
word ‘invalid’ or ‘incorrect’ as part of the
failure message from the host.

The number of login attempts the
Terminal Server will allow the user to
make before dropping the call.

This defines the amount of time in
seconds
the user to provide a login ID and
password before dropping the line.

authentication probe logins will be
terminated on completion of
authentication.

the Terminal Server

will wait for

41

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Log Username: The User ID the Terminal Server will use

to log in to the authentication host and
log messages. This user needs to be at a
shell prompt to ‘cat’ messages to the log
file. The password for the log user is set
up under the Terminal Server

Administration Menu -Change

Then choose the
the log user’s password as defined on the
host. You will have to enter this
password twice (See

Log File: The filename the log user will send its

messages to. Normally this will go to the
log user’s home directory.

Logger

option and enter

5.4 Tips

option.

).

5.2 The Host

Basic
authentication

Log Power
Up/Down:

Log User
Login/Logout:

Log Port Connect
/Disconnect:

Log User Service
Start/Stop:

The Terminal Server will need to login to the authentication
host with the log user name defined on the

Authentication And Logging

create an account to be used by the Terminal Server (avoid
csh shell). Make sure the user can log in successfully. Also,
make sure the user is not prompted for any input and ends up
at a shell prompt.

The Terminal Server will log when it is
powered up and rebooted.

The Terminal Server will log when a user
logs in and out of a port on the server.

The Terminal Server will log when
someone connects to and disconnects
from a port on the Terminal Server.

The Terminal Server will log a PPP, SLIP
or CSLIP service when started on the port.

Host

screen. Therefore, you need to

42

Modem Authentication & Logging

User services
authentication

This is used to provide services based upon the dial-in
user’s name.

For example, user Mark always telnets to a specific IP
address or user Alan needs to dial-in and establish a PPP
connection using a static IP address. This is accomplished
by using a PERL script which parses a RADIUS database.
The PERL script (
Disk supplied.

RADIUS is the TCP/IP protocol used for authenticating
remote dial-in users. Although the Terminal Server does not
use RADIUS, a Perl based utility capable of using standard
RADIUS databases is available.

Otherwise, you can execute our PERL script during the user’s
login. Under Unix, this script is started from the
For Windows
support FTP site for the latest information.

You then need to create a user database file. This is a
sample file (for a full file description see the Black Box
support FTP site).

# Example of a PPP user with static address
alan Password
Framed-Protocol = PPP
Framed-Address = 192.168.209.1

RADparse

NT®

see the relevant section of the Black Box

) is on the Software Support

etc/profile

.

# Example of a user with access to the
Terminal Server CLI/Menu
techman Password
User-Service-Type = Shell-Use

43

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

# Example of a telnet user
mark Password
User-Service-Type = Login-User
Login-Host = 208.24.183.1
Login-Service = Telnet

# Everybody else gets PPP with a dynamic address
DEFAULT Password
Framed-Protocol = PPP

Note: When using advanced authentication, make sure the

Success Indication String
Logging

menu is set to

in the

Host Authentication And

userdefined

.

5.3 Logging

A log file can be updated on the authentication host to
record when a Terminal Server is powered up, rebooted, and
users and ports are connected and disconnected. This
information is of particular importance to administrators who
need to record users logging in and out. In addition, when
the logger is enabled the Terminal Server completes a time
stamp every 5 minutes to record that a Terminal Server is still
active. This allows an administrator to gain an accurate
record of events.

See Figure 20 for the
(via the

When the Terminal Server is powered up a Telnet
connection is established to the authentication host with the
Logger user name. The Terminal Server records users
logging in and out of the log file
connects at the Terminal Server start-up time and the
connection stays open until the unit is reset. The Terminal
Server
The logger may be restarted via the
two to the number of ports on your server (i.e. use four for a
Terminal Server 2, six for a Terminal Server 4, ten for a
Terminal Server 8, eighteen for a Terminal Server 16).

Access

checks the log TCP connection every 60 seconds.

Host Authentication And Logging

section of the

Administration Menu

access.log

kill

command by adding

. The logger only

menu

).

44

5.4 Tips

Modem Authentication & Logging

If the host authentication succeeds, but logger fails to log
events, then the port connection is dropped.

Tue Jan 17 12:03:22 GMT 1997: server earth logger started
Tue Jan 17 12:03:22 GMT 1997: server earth is alive
Tue Jan 17 12:08:22 GMT 1997: server earth is alive
Tue Jan 17 12:09:28 GMT 1997: server earth user us1 logged into port 1
Tue Jan 17 12:12:22 GMT 1997: server earth user us1 logged out port 1
Tue Mar 21 12:27:09 GMT 1997: server earth user us1 logged into port 1
Tue Jan 17 12:13:20 GMT 1997: server earth is alive
Tue Jan 17 12:28:33 GMT 1997: server earth user us1 logged out port 1

Figure 21: Example log file.

Windows® notes

Unix notes

Authentication of Windows NT® requires a telnet daemon.
Check the Windows

®

Windows

telnetd software. You will need to set up your

users on Windows NT

Logging on Windows NT

log_it.exe

, also found on our FTP site. If the Windows NT

®

section of our FTP site for the latest

®

through this software.

®

also requires a utility called

®

login user id is ‘logger’, enter it into the Terminal Server as

Nlogger

log_it.exe

Also, on the
the the Terminal Server

Microsoft

For LINUX users, edit the file
‘Last’ in it. This will agree with the standard setup of the

Authentication And Logging

so that the Terminal Server will know to use the

utility.

Host Authentication And Logging

Success Indication String

instead of

Last.

)

/etc/motd

and put the word

menu, change

to read,

Host

menu’s

Success Indication String

.

45

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

46

Setting up Dial-Out Modem Ports 6

6.1 Configuration

Dial-out Modem Ports Setup

Dial-out ports can be just a simple Unix outbound cu call
or the Terminal Server can act as a dial-out router to
facilitate Internet PPP requests.

As a dial-out router the Terminal Server automatically
establishes a SLIP/CSLIP/PPP link to that site. Then drops the
call after a preset period of inactivity. This dial-on-demand
feature is automatic. The server will place the call when local
TCP/IP traffic needs to be routed to a configured remote site.

If not using dial-out routing, you will need a COMPORT

ioland

redirector such as

. The Chase CD has the ioland
utility if you are using Unix. Please load the appropriate
binary onto your system. If you can not find the correct
binary, please compile the

ioland.c

source code for your

system (see your Unix manual).

The

Port Setup Menu

should be set up as follows for both

simple dial-in connections and PPP/SLIP connections.

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [57600 ] Flow ctrl [Hardware] Hot [^@] Intr [^@]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^@]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [Yes] Dst [206.189.134.7 ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Dynamic]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Raw ]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [CLI ] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 22: Port Setup Menu screen.

47

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The following fields are important:

6.2 The Host

For dial-out
connections on
Unix

Access: Set the

Monitor DCD: With this flag set to

Flow Ctrl: The modem and terminal server port should be

Mode: Set this field to raw.

If you have not already loaded
now (see the supplied support disk). For more information on

ioland

see

Connecting Other Devices

simplest form, at the superuser prompt you would run the
following command in Unix:

ioland –h <server-name> 10006 <device-name>

Access

field to

or

Remote

(dial-out only).

monitor the modem signal Data Carrier Detect
(DCD) - pin 8. When the modem hangs up, pin
DCD from the modem goes low and the
terminal server port will reset.

configured to use Hardware (RTS/CTS) flow
control. This will be especially important if you
are transferring binary files.

Dynamic

Yes

, the terminal server will

ioland

onto your system, do so

(section 8). In it’s

(dial-in or out)

48

This will start the ioland process and allow you to specify a

/dev

device-name in
pseudo tty works just like a regular tty with the following
exception: you cannot set physical attributes such as baud
rate, parity and flow control as these are handled by the
terminal server. If you plan to use communication software
on the Unix host such as
Unix manual for additional help.

that is linked to a pseudo tty. This

cu

or

uucp

you should refer to your

Dial-out Modem Ports Setup

For dial-out
connections on
Windows

®

systems

6.3 Routing

Check our FTP sites for the latest information on dial-out

®

connections (under the Windows

support directory).

For dial-out routing, you must have the proper routing entry
on all hosts in your local network that will communicate
with the remote site. In the case of a Unix system, you must
make an entry similar to the following (please check your
Unix manual for the proper syntax of the route command):

For a single host at the remote site:

route add <remote-ip-addr> <TSERVER-ip-addr> 2

For multiple hosts at the remote site:

route add net <remote-net-addr> <TSERVER-ip-addr> 2

The Terminal Server will dial into another piece of hardware,
log into that hardware and start a PPP session. Then the local
terminal server will act as a router and forward all IP traffic
destined outside its local network. In other words, the
Terminal Server will 'auto-dial' the Internet and act as the
router. In this example, the local network is: 206.131.227.0,
the ISP’s network is: 206.189.134.0, the ISP’s equipment that
you are dialing into is another Terminal Server (206.189.134.7)
and the local Terminal Server is: 206.131.227.5. The Terminal
Server gateway entries look like this:

** Administrator ** GATEWAY MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

Entry Destination Gateway Netmask

1 [206.189.134.0 ] [206.189.134.7 ] [default ]
2 [default ] [206.189.134.7 ] [default ]
3 [ ] [ ] [ ]
4 [ ] [ ] [ ]
________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 23: Gateway Menu screen.

49

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

6.4 Remote
Access
Systems

This screen is used to define a remote system (up to 16
entries per Terminal Server), a phone number, login script,
etc. There are a lot of similarities between this screen and
the UUCP systems file under Unix.

** Administrator ** REMOTE ACCESS SYSTEMS SCREEN REMOTE-ADMIN

Sitename [206.189.134.2 ]
User name [corp ]
Password [whodunit ]

Device type [modem1 ]
Service type [PPP ]
Inactivity [5 ]

Phone number [ ]
Login-script [ ]

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 24: Remote Access Systems Screen menu.

The following fields are important:

Sitename: The IP name or IP address of the remote site the

Terminal Server will be calling.

User name: The user name required by the remote system

for logging in. You may use the \u in your login
script in lieu of the full name.

50

Password: The above user name’s password as required by

the remote system. You may use the \p in your
login script in lieu of the full password.

Device type:

The name of the modem device as defined in the

Remote Access Systems Screen

. You may have
several ports setup with the same device type, and
the dialer will use the first available

.

If a device for dialing out is not available, the
Terminal Server will return an ICMP ‘host
unreachable’ message (ICMP type 3 code 1).

Dial-out Modem Ports Setup

Service type: This specifies which protocol will be used when

the link is established to the remote site.
Choices are PPP. SLIP and CSLIP.

Inactivity: The period (in minutes) of inactivity on the SLIP/

PPP link before the port drops the call
automatically. Setting this field to 0 turns the
timeout feature off.

Phone
number:

Login-script: The chat script that will be used to login to the

The phone number of the remote system. Note
that the ‘\’ may be used as a delay. For example,
a phone system that requires a 9 followed by a
four-second delay before getting an outside line
would require an entry like 9\4-2145551234.
The following characters are ignored ‘(‘, ‘)’, ‘-’, ‘.’
when included as part of the number.

remote system. It takes the form of the usual
Send/Expect chat script you may already be
familiar with. If no script is defined, this step is
skipped (e.g. hardwired connections). There are
a few special characters used by the Terminal
Server as described below:

""

expect nothing (i.e. the Terminal
Server starts the chat script)

\r

send a carriage return

\n

send new-line

\u

user name (sends the username from

User name

the

\p

password (sends the password from
the password field).

\1-\9

delay for number of seconds.

\s space (Substitute this instead of a

<space> value).

field).

51

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

\t phone# (sends the telephone number

field).

\d send the modem’s dial command
\\ escapes to ‘\’.
\b send a break.

Dial-out PAP
Authentication

6.5 Remote Site
Devices

If a dial-out script is not used but a username and password
are defined, the Terminal Server will send a PAP packet after
establishing a PPP link and use the username and password
defined for the remote site.

This screen is used to define/setup the modem device. There
are a lot of similarities between this screen and the UUCP
devices file under Unix. It is possible to assign several ports
the same device name, and the dialer daemon will
automatically use the first available port. It is also possible to
have these ports do ‘double-duty’ and serve as regular dial-in
ports for dumb terminal access, SLIP or PPP in addition to the
dial-out capability.

** Administrator ** REMOTE SITE DEVICES SCREEN REMOTE-ADMIN

Type [modem1 ]

IP Addresses
Src Addr [206.131.227.5 ]
Dst Addr [206.189.134.7 ]

Modem
Config [at ]
Dial Comm [atdt ]
Hang Up [+++ath0 ]

PPP Configuration Dialer Configuration
Restart timer [3 ] Dial Timeout [40]
Max Retries [5 ] Dial Retries [2 ]

Inactivity [0 ]

________________________________________________________________________________

52

Figure 25: Remote Site Devices Screen.

The following fields are important:

Type: The name of the modem assigned to a specific

port. It is referenced from the

Systems Screen

Dst Address: The address of the remote system the Terminal

Server is calling into.

Config: The modem’s initialisation string. There are a

few examples at the end of this document.
Note: Leave this field blank for directly

connected devices.

Restart timer: Amount of time in seconds before the Terminal

Server retransmits PPP options.

Max Retries: Number of option retries before dropping

the line.

Dial Timeout: Number of seconds to wait for the modem to

establish link and respond.

Dial-out Modem Ports Setup

Remote Access

in the

Device type

field.

6.6 Tips

Hunt groups

Dial Retries: Number of times to attempt a connection to the

remote site before giving up.

You can setup several modems and use the same name for
each under
use the first available modem defined in
and if busy, grab the next available.

Remote Site Devices

. the Terminal Server will

Remote Site Devices

53

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

54

Printing 7

Printing

7.1 Using ioland

Configuration

There are three methods of printing from your

Terminal Server

:
ioland, LPD, or RCP. LPD is the recommended method,
however it depends on your application and operating system.

1.

ioland

provides a pseudo TTY interface to Unix print

spoolers (not available for Windows

®

). This software
and the binaries associated with it are available from
the Support Disk provided with the unit.

2. LPD is the ‘line printer daemon’ protocol supported by

®

most operating systems including Windows

and Unix
(i.e. SCO, AIX, DG/UX, HP-UX, Linux, Solaris, etc.)
Check our US FTP site for an LPD spooler for

®

Windows

95/98.

3. RCP is ‘remote copy printing’ and available on Unix
systems. It requires a special interface script also found
on the Support Disk provided with the unit.

We suggest you use the
provided. The

ioland

only.

ioland

is a Unix tty port redirector. For non-Unix

ioland

utility on the Support Disk

utility can be used for Unix printing

applications use LPD, see section 7.2.

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [Hardware] Hot [^]] Intr [^C]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^U]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [LPD_printer ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Remote ]
Terminal type [ ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Raw ]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

Figure 26: Ioland printing - Port Setup Menu screen.

55

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

The following fields are important:

Flow ctrl: Set your Terminal Server port flow control to

Hardware

Pacing’ or ‘Hardware’ or ‘Ready/Busy’ flow
control. Use the RS-232 printer cable pinout
shown in the

. Then set your printer to use ‘DTR

Cabling Guide

(Appendix C).

The Host

Access: Set this field to

terminal server to listen for connections coming
from the network. There will be an INETD
process running on the terminal server that does
the listening.

You can check on the status of this process by
looking at the
server’s
CLI prompt).

Mode:

Local port: The INETD process running on the terminal

If you are already familiar with
the above configuration is:

ioland -T <server name> 10006 <device name>

Set this field to
terminal server in Telnet mode, which will ensure
that EOF is properly negotiated before closing
down the TCP/IP connection, otherwise the tail
end of a print job could be lost.

server for this port is listening for TCP/IP
connections on TCP port 10006.

Remote

Netstat

Statistics

Telnet

. This sets the port of the

screen of the terminal

menu (or

ioland

show net

. This puts the port of the

, all you have to do for

from the

56

This will start
you are not familiar with the

Other Devices Setup

ioland

process and create a device in /dev. If

.

ioland

program, read section 8,

Printing

Tips

7.2 Using LPD

Configuration

Hunt groups: The Terminal Server supports humt groups for

printing. To use this, use the same number in

Port Setup local port

the

field (i.e. 1006).

The Terminal Server can be setup for receiving print jobs via
LPD and this is a very simple method. It works for both

®

Windows

and Unix systems.

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [Hardware] Hot [^]] Intr [^C]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^U]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Remote ]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Telnet]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

Figure 27: LPD printing - Port Setup Menu screen.

The following fields are important:

Flow control:

Set your

Terminal Server

Hardware

port flow control to

. Then set your printer to use ‘DTR
Pacing’ or ‘Hardware’ or ‘Ready/Busy’ flow
control. Use the RS-232 printer cable pinout
shown in the

Cabling Guide

(Appendix C), as this
will save a print job if thr printer is turned off or
the cable becomes detached.

57

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Name: The LPD client, as a reference to the printer, will

use what you assign here. This is the printer
queue name on the Terminal Server.

Access: Set this field to

terminal server to listen for connections coming
from the network. There will be an INETD
process running on the terminal server that does
the listening.

You can check on the status of this process by
looking at the NETSTAT screen of the terminal
server’s STATS menu (or

Mode: The port of the terminal server will operate in a

raw TCP/IP mode.

Local port: The INETD process running on the terminal

server for this port is listening for TCP/IP
connections on TCP port 515 (this is the LPD
service number).

Remote

. This sets the port of the

show net

).

Accessing the
Printer

58

The client is the machine that contains the file to be printed
and may be running one of a range of operating systems and
applications. The client must support LPD, Unix systems
normally include a version of LPD and there are a number of
TCP/IP applications for DOS/Windows

Whe

n printing via LPD the client refers to the printer by IP
address (or the name associated with this address from the
host table) and printer name or queue name. This may take
one of three forms:

1.

The name of the terminal server and no queue
name or port number. This will cause the print job
to be printed on the first available LPD port on the
terminal server of this name. The

Port Setup Menu

the

does not need to be set.

®

that also support LPD.

Name

field in

Printing

2. The name of the terminal server followed by a port
number. For example if the queue name is
server_name9 (or server_name09) then serial port 9 will
receive the print job. Please note that in this example,

Name

the

3.

The printer name as set in the

Setup Menu

field in the

. More than one serial port may

Port Setup Menu

Name

field of the

need not be set.

Port

have the
same name allowing the server to create a hunt group of
printers. The first available port to match that queue
name will receive the print job.

A special feature of LPD with terminal servers is the ability to
do carriage-return and line feed mapping at the server. This
is accomplished by having a + appended to the client queue
name and is valid for all of the above methods of access.
Alternatively, you may enable the CR to CR LF mapping
option for the port

Note: There is a maximum limit of 30 LPD connections per
server, which may be distributed to all of the available LPD
ports as required. If the maximum is exceeded then the
request is rejected and the connection is closed.

LPD printing from
DOS/Windows

At present it is possible to print from Windows

®

this will normally be accomplished via a separate application
program like PC/TCP or Netmanage Chameleon. The new
versions of Windows
intended to have TCP/IP built into the operating system. Windows
NT
on the Internet for Windows

The documentation for each application or operating system
should allow users to configure and use it with the Terminal
Server. The obvious advantage of using LPD to print is that
the server can be used to connect a printer that will be
shared between both DOS/Windows

®

or DOS although

®

type operating systems either have or

®

has a built-in LPD utility, and there are shareware packages

®

95/98 (check our FTP site).

®

and Unix machines.

59

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Under Windows® the printer will be available from within other
applications via the

The actual printer will be referenced by the Name of the
terminal server serial port or, by the terminal server and port
number in the same way that Unix uses the Name.

The server IP address should be included in the Host table
before trying to setup the actual printer port.

File

option of the Windows® menu bar.

LPD Printing from
BSD Unix

This section should give you some idea of how to set-up
printing via LPD on a Unix host. However, this will not be
universally true as different versions of Unix have different
configuration requirements. You may also wish to consult
your Operating System documentation before attempting to
add LPD.

The Unix host should have a printer database, for BSD and
Linux type systems this will be the file
should be an entry within this file for the server’s LPD port
that looks something like the following:

Printing could then be accomplished using the following
command:

A limitation of printing with LPD on the terminal server is
that no formatting of text (apart from the + operation) can be
carried out by the terminal server firmware. This is due to
the lack of a spooler utility in the terminal server and the data
being forwarded directly to the serial port.

/etc/printcap

#term_serv LPD Printer on serial port 16
Laser1|TSERVER LPD printer 16:\
:rp=LPD_printer:rm=term_serv:lp=:sf:\
:sd=/usr/spool/LPD/LPD_printer:\
:lf=/usr/spool/LPD/term_serv16/log:

lpr –PLaser1 <file>

and there

60

Printing

To overcome this the local host must perform all of the
necessary changes and then send these to the terminal
server. Defining a printer queue as in the previous examples
can do this.

If filtering or formatting is required then a local linking print
queue needs to be created. This would be something like
the following:

# Lcl q to link to term_serv LPD Printer on port 16
link-Laser1| TSERVER LPD Printer 16:\
:lp=/dev/null:sf:sd=/usr/spool/LPD/Laser1:\
:lf=/usr/spool/LPD/LPD_printer/log\
:of=/etc/TSERVER/link-Laser1:

The shell script output file link-Laser1 has the contents:

#!/bin/sh
lpr –PLaser1

This would be sufficient to print a header page and perform
form feeds. If a specialised filter program is required for
something like a plotter then the script may look something
like the following:

LPD Printing
from SYS V Unix

#!/bin/sh
/usr/local/filter ‘$@’ | lpr –PLaser1

Here is an example for setting up the System V spooling system
(i.e. Linux, Solaris, etc.) to print to the LPD daemon. This
assumes that you will print to a port configured like the
example above on a Terminal Server called term_serv.

lpsystem -t bsd term_serv
lpadmin -p Laser1 -s term_serv

If the terminal server is not defined in the
may not get an error message from either the

lpadmin

commands, but the printer will not print.

/etc/hosts

lpsystem

file you

or

61

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

If the

lpsystem

command will return an error indicating that the system
named in the -s parameter does not exist even though the
system is listed in the

Note: Although it is possible to create a printer spool on the
Terminal Server, UNIX lpd queues only print one job at a
time. The host will wait for one job to complete before
spooling the second so all jobs will go to the same queue
and print from the same Terminal Server port.

command is not performed, the

/etc/hosts

lpadmin

file.

LPD printing
from AIX

LPD printing
from HP/UX

Tips

7.3 Using RCP

Use SMIT to configure remote printer.

Use SAM to configure remote printer.

Hunt groups: The Terminal Server supports hunt groups for

printing. To use this, use the same queue name

name

in the Terminal Server Port Setup

RCP is used as an alternative option (where LPD and ioland
are not available). It is a Unix only command set. A script is
provided on the Support Disk for RCP.

field.

62

Configuration

Printing

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [Both ] Hot [^]] Intr [^C]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^U]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [LPD_printer ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Remote ]
Terminal type [ ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Raw ]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

Figure 28: RCP printing - Port Setup Menu screen.

The following fields are important:

Flow ctrl: Set your Terminal Server port flow control to

Both

. This will invoke both Hardware (RTS/
CTS) and XON/XOFF flow control on the
Terminal Server. Then set your printer to use
XON/XOFF. Use the RS-232 cable pinout
described in Appendix C,

Cabling Guide

, as this
will stop a print job if the printer is turned off or
the cable becomes detached.

Access:

Set this field to
terminal server to listen for connections coming
from the network. There will be an INETD
process running on the terminal server that does
the listening. You can check on the status of this
process by looking at the NETSTAT screen of the
terminal server’s
from CLI).

Mode: The

raw TCP/IP mode.

Remote

. This sets the port of the

Statistics Menu

(or

show net

port of the terminal server will operate in a

63

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Local port: The INETD process running on the terminal

server for this port is listening for TCP/IP
connections on TCP port 514 (this is the RCP
service number).

The Host

Using RCP with
Unix System V
line printer
spoolers.

On systems where LPD or a binary for
available, or is found to be unreliable due to limitations in
the OS, RCP provides a useful, if limited, alternative method
for printing. The port/group of ports must be configured to
listen to the RCP port, which is port 514. Users can then
copy files to the server using the following command syntax:

rcp <file> <server>:tty [port #]

It is worth noting that the RCP will fail if the port (or all the
ports in the hunt group) is in use when the RCP command is
attempted. If you wish to use RCP as part of a System V print
spooler script, it is essential that the script checks the return
status of the RCP command.

a. Log in as root and create a print queue for the

printer with
example, create an HP LaserJet printer queue via
the command:

/usr/lib/lpadmin -hpjet -v/dev/null -mHPLaserJet

Do not accept or enable the printer at this stage.

b. Go into the directory containing the interface

scripts for all printers. This is normally found in:

/dev/null

as the device port. For

ioland

is not

64

/usr/spool/lp/admins/lp/interfaces
/etc/lp/interfaces
/usr/spool/lp/interfaces

(Rel 3 Unix).

(XENIX).

(Rel 3 Unix).

c. Find the interface shell script for this printer

and copy it to a file with the suffix ‘.orig’. using
the example:

cp hpjet hpjet.orig

d. Copy the Server RCP shell script from the TSSD

support disk to the interface script, e.g:

cp /etc/bbox/src/bbox.rcp hpjet

Having created the hpjet file set the permissions
to allow execution of the script, e.g:

chmod a+x hpjet

e. Edit the interface script and insert the desired

server name and port number. For example, if the
name is ‘iceland’ and the printer is attached to
port 8 (numbering from 1 to 16). Then the line:

rcp $TMP <server name>:tty<port number>

Printing

becomes:

rcp $TMP iceland:tty8

Some Unix systems may require the full
pathname of the ‘RCP’ command. For example:

/usr/ucb/rcp $TMP iceland:tty8

f. Activate the printer for use, e.g:

/usr/lib/accept hpjet enable hpjet

g. Set up the Terminal Server port for RCP printing

by changing the
section of the

Loca Port

field in the

Port Setup Menu

Access

to 514.

65

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

RCP printing on a
spooler system
based on BSD
Unix.

Currently, the RCP printing utility will not work if the
is used in conjunction with any other filter.

a. Log in as root and create a print queue for the

printer with
example, create a printer queue by placing this
record in

rcp Printer to TSERVER port 8
TSERVER8|TSERVER rcp Printer:\
:lp=/dev/null:\
:sf:\
:sd=/usr/spool/LPD/TSERVER8:\
:lf=/usr/spool/LPD/TSERVER8/log:\
:if=/etc/bbox/hpif:

b. Go into the directory containing the desired text

filter program intended for the
no filter required for this queue then create a
dummy filter program which calls the
command with no arguments.

c. Link the generic filter program to a file with the

suffix ‘.orig’. This generic filter program may be
in use by other printer queues and so is left
untouched. Using the example:

/dev/null

/etc/printcap

as the device port. For

:

if

field. If there is

cat

of

filter

66

ln -s <filter-name> /etc/bbox/hpif.orig

d. Copy the Bbox RCP shell script to the Bbox

directory

cp bbox.rcp /etc/bbox/hpif

e. Edit the interface script and insert the desired

Terminal Server name and port number. For
example, if the Terminal Server name is ‘iceland’
and the printer is attached to port 8 (numbering
from 1 to 16).

/etc/bbox

. That is:

Printing

Then the line:

rcp $TMP <server name>:tty<port number>

becomes:

rcp $TMP iceland:tty8

Some Unix systems may require the full
pathname of the ‘RCP’ command. For example,
SunOS Unix and may require the line to become:

/usr/ucb/rcp $TMP iceland:tty8

f. Activate the printer for use. That is:

lpc start TSERVER8
lpc enable TSERVER8

g. Set up the Terminal Server port for RCP printing.

See the relevant section in the guide or call
Technical Support for an example fax.

Setting up RCP
printing on AIX

Tips

See the FTP sites for latest information.

Hunt groups: There is no hunt group method using RCP.

67

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

68

Other Devices Setup 8

The Terminal Server is a very versatile product and can
handle a lot of creative applications. This section deals with
setting up printers and data acquisition type equipment,
including retail point-of-sale equipment. Many types of
RS-232 equipment can be attached including:

• Retail point-of-sale (POS) equipment

• Maintenance ports on network equipment
(for monitoring)

• Making terminals with ‘fixed ttys’

• Manufacturing equipment

Other Devices Setup

8.1 Reverse
Telnet Port
Configuration

The Terminal Server accomplishes this by using a

connection. On Unix you utilise the

telnet

supplied on the Support Disk. For Windows
support section of the web sites for the latest support
software for dial-out applications.

This setup is used when you need to access a serial port from
the network. For example you might want to collect data
from a serial device such as a barcode scanner, POS
terminal, etc. Or you can tie a login to a specific Unix tty

ioland

device (using
For Windows

). For Unix you use the utility

®

system consult the Chase FTP site.

reverse

ioland

software

®

, consult the

ioland

.

69

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [Hardware] Hot [^@] Intr [^@]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^@]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Remote ]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Raw ]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

Figure 29: Reverse Telnet - Port Setup Menu screen.

The following fields are important:

Keys: Set all your Keys to ^@.

70

The Host

Access: Set this field to

Remote

. This sets the port of the
terminal server to listen for connections coming
from the network. There will be an INETD
process running on the terminal server that does
the listening. You can check on the status of
this process by looking at the Netstat screen of
the terminal server’s Stats menu.

Raw

Mode: Set this field to

.

Local Port: The INETD process running on the terminal

server for this port is listening for TCP/IP
connections on TCP port 10006 (for port 6).

If you are already familiar with

ioland

, all you have to do for

the above configuration on Unix is:

ioland -p <server name> 10006 <device name>

Other Devices Setup

8.2 Chase ioland
Utility

This will start the
create a device in /dev. If you are not familiar with the

ioland

program, read the following section.

If you are using Windows
information on dial-out connectivity.

A

peripheral daemon provides a client process with a
full-duplex and transparent interface to a server port of its
choice, via a pseudo-tty device. This presents a tty-like interface
to the application in much the same way as a serial port.

daemon is primarily intended as an interface between

The
the client process and a printer, modem or some data
acquisition device. In the case of printers, it is
recommended that the LPD protocol is first assessed as a
suitable printing solution before the daemon.

By default, the daemon will fork into two processes during
the start of a data transfer. The parent process will transfer
data from the client to the server while the child process will
transfer data from the server to the client. The parent also
handles all the control aspects of the client-server link. The
child process is normally terminated when the client process
closes the slave pseudo-tty unless the
this case, the child is created at startup time and remains.

ioland

process in permanent mode and

®

check the web page for the latest

-p

option is used. In

If the daemon is started without any arguments it will try and
open the configuration file
instructions on which daemons to start, for which
peripherals, plus any optional arguments.

Alternatively, a single daemon can be started from the shell
with various arguments specified.

/etc/ioland.cf

which contains

71

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

There are three mandatory arguments the daemon requires to
mediate between the client and server port:

Server: The host name of the Terminal Server that has

the attached printer or terminal.

Port: The TCP port on which the server port is

listening for connection requests.

Link: A mnemonic filename in

linked to the slave pseudo-tty selected by the
daemon. This should be used as the interface
device for client processes since the pseudo-tty
may change during the daemon lifetime.

The other optional arguments modify the behaviour of the
daemon in the way it controls connections, and processes
data to and from the peripheral. They are defined as follows:

-T

Enable Telnet protocol processing. This is useful to
ensure that the last data block of a print job has reached
the Terminal Server before closing the TCP connection.
If the end of print jobs are still being lost despite using
this option then it is advised to set the stty option ‘
on the slave pseudo-tty if it is supported. This may

-m

require the
printer spoolers employ a delay before closing the printer
port to ensure no pending output is accidentally flushed.
It may be possible to increase this delay if the above
solutions are not enough. Make sure the port is set to
telnet mode in the

-p

The daemon maintains a continuous TCP connection to
Terminal Server
require exclusive and uninterrupted access to a device.
Note that no other daemon will be able to access such a
port if any daemon is running to that port with this option.

or -a options. Alternatively, most line

Port Setup Menu

port. This is useful for applications that

/dev

which shall be

.

noflsh

the

’

72

Other Devices Setup

-h

Hangs up the pseudo-tty if the TCP connection is lost. This
mimics the situation in which a real serial port loses a
signal such as DCD. In the same manner as the serial port,
a SIGHUP signal will be sent to all processes that have the

-a

option.

-w

slave pseudo-tty as their controlling tty. See the

-n

Converts all carriage-returns read from the client process
to carriage-return and line-feed. This is useful if using

ioland

for printing and the print job is off the right

margin (i.e. ‘stair stepping’).

-m

Push the STREAMS tty modules onto the slave
pseudo-tty. This is useful for applications that expect to
modify tty parameters as if a hardware device was
attached. The modules pushed are the line discipline

ldterm

(normally called
supported). This option requires that the pseudo-tty
architecture is based on the STREAMS I/O mechanism.
The recommended Unix variants for using this option
are those based on System V Release 3. Variants based
on System V Release 4 should first try the

) and the hardware emulation (if

option.

-a

Use the
onto the slave pseudo-tty. This facility is supported on
Unix System V Release 4 variants.

-u

Discard all data received from the peripheral. This is
useful in cases where the peripheral is sending
unwanted data to the host, which is not being read by
the client and therefore may cause blockage problems
on the pseudo-tty.

-w

Used with the -h and -p options. By default, on a
hang-up, the daemon will open a new pseudo-tty before
it has reconnected to
option does the opposite and tries to re-establish the TCP
connection first

autopush

.

facility to push STREAMS modules

the Terminal Server

port. This

73

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

-o

Used with the -p option. This option prevents the slave
pseudo-tty from closing so as to prevent any flushing of
data that may occur. With this option set, the daemon
will not close the TCP connection so its use is not
advised for modems, as line hang-ups may not be
initiated. It is useful for slow printers that may lose data
on pseudo-tty close.

-f

<file>

Specify a different configuration file. If the pathname is
relative, the current working directory will be used.

F

This option causes

-

each and every time (
option is:

ioland -F <other options> <server> <master
device><slave device>

e.g: ioland -F bronto ptyp3 ttyp3

-k<n>

This option checks if the TCP connection is still alive

n

seconds. If the test fails, the child daemon

every
process dies and signals the parent daemon that the
connection is lost.

ioland

to use the same

fixed tty

pseudotty

). The syntax for using this

74

-K

This invokes ‘silent keepalives’. Normal keepalives set by

-k

flag send ASCII text messages which can go

the

tserver

and

ioland

through
and applications. The

-s<desired character transfer rate>

This option causes
the terminal server.

-x<n>

Set the daemon debug/diagnostic level to n. On startup,
a log file called
there). All daemons on the host will write their debug
and diagnostic messages to this file with a timestamp,
daemon process id and arguments attached to the actual
diagnostic. The debug and diagnostics levels are:

/etc/ioland.lg

and become visible to users

-K

flag prevents this.

ioland

to ‘meter’ characters sent to

is created (if not already

Other Devices Setup

0

Lets the world know we’re alive — but nothing else.

1

Reports startup options.

2

Reports connection and disconnection events.

4

Reports numbers of characters being sent/received.

8

Displays data written to the client process.

16

Displays data written to the Terminal Server.

32

Reports telnet negotiations.

64

Displays data read from the Terminal Server.

128

Displays data read from the client process.

Adding the desired level numbers together can combine
these levels. Care should be taken when a high debug level
is set because the log file could grow too large.

-s

<string>

Used to transmit breaks to modems. If the daemon reads
in the specified string from the client it will send a Telnet
‘Do Break’ command to the Terminal Server. The
maximum length of the string is 15 characters though, for
the sake of efficiency, a minimal length should be used so
long as the string is not accidentally duplicated by the real

-T

data. This option requires you to also use the

option.

-c<n>

Network connection timeout option. The daemon will

n

seconds to establish a TCP connection after

try for
which time it will abort and discard any pending data.
The default is to try forever.

An example of a daemon configuration file is:

-x3 -T TSERVER1 10011 TSERVER1.11

-x35 -T -a -h -s xxx -c60 TSERVER1 10013 TSERVER1.13

-x39 -p -T -h -a -k60 TSERVER2 10009 TSERVER2.9

Each line represents a daemon to be started with the
arguments on that line.

75

Terminal Server

8.3 Tips

- User and Administration Guide

The first is a simple printer configuration, the second is a
complex modem configuration while the third is a
configuration more suited to a daemon with a terminal

getty

attached and a
the debug level is set to a minimal level such as three.

running as the client process. Normally,

Unix Notes

On Unix variants based on System V Release 3, clients that
are interactive shell processes may not be able to handle the
interrupt, quit and break keys properly. This is a deficiency
in the pseudo-tty drivers and not the daemon.

On some System V Release 4 variants, if the daemon writes
to a non-existent client, the pseudo-tty may irretrievably hang
up. In general, make sure there is always a client process
running if there is the possibility of data being received for it.

On some systems such as SunOS, XENIX and AIX a break
received from the peripheral is not passed to the client
properly. If the client wishes to make the break act like an

ignbrk

and

interrupt key (i.e. when the stty options ­are set) then this can be achieved by setting the
on the Terminal Server

On SunOS, if a
terminal then the login prompt may be corrupted on the
screen but this goes when the user name is typed in. The
UUCP command
Solaris 2.1 (Intel).

Some systems may not properly propagate the SIGHUP
signal associated with the

Port Setup Menu

getty

is the client process running to a

uucico

may not work with ioland on

-h

option.

to ‘Brkintr’.

brkintr

Break

field

76

The Menu Interface 9

This section describes the menu system and the fields within
them. Bounce around the menu system to get your bearings.
All of the menus are covered and referenced in this section.

The Menu Interface

9.1 Menu
Commands

Command
Descriptions

You move around the menus with the arrow keys or by using
the first letter of the associated command. When you are in
an editable menu, the
various fields. Pressing
following exit menu.

Commands --- | Save & Exit |
| Quit & Exit |
| Values |
| Cancel |

---------------

Figure 30: Commands - Exit pop-up menu.

The following describes these options:

Save and Exit

Quit and Exit

All changes to the menu screen are saved and the
user is returned to the next higher level screen.

The user is returned to the higher level screen and
any changes are ignored (i.e. nothing is saved).

key is used to move around the

will usually bring up the

---------------

Values

Cancel

Certain data fields take only a fixed range of values
(e.g. bps rates, number of stop bits, etc.). When
this command is selected, it displays those values.

Cancels the
returns to current menu for additional editing.

Command Options

window and

77

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Pressing cancels the Command Options window (works
the same as
between the
special fields and keys.

Cancel

). Other than mastering the difference

key and , there are several other

Toggle fields

Fast keys

9.2 Connections
Menu

Some data fields have a set of acceptable values. An
example of this is the bps rate setting. To alter the value
displayed in these fields press the space bar. The
option on the commands pop-up menu can also be used.

A fast key allows the user to jump from one menu to another
avoiding the normal path. Most of the commonly used
options available from the
accessed via fast keys. These are listed in the following:

Telnet Make a Telnet connection

Rlogin Make an Rlogin connection

Port Enter the Port Setup Menu

Admin Enter the Administration menus

Logout Log out of the Server

Stats Enters the statistics screens

This is the top level menu, normally the first thing a user sees
when they power up their terminal. The main focus of this
screen is the list of connection states, showing which host
each of the four sessions is connected to (or if it is FREE).

Connections Menu

Values

can be

78

The Menu Interface

Connection Host

1 *** FREE ** === Commands ===

2 *** FREE ** | Telnet ^T|
3 *** FREE ** | Rlogin ^R|
4 *** FREE ** | Port ^P|
| Admin mode ^A|
| CLI |
| Lock |
| Logout ^D|
================

________________________________________________________________________________

This option allows you to configure parameters affecting

RACK v4.02 a CDi TERMINAL SERVER

the Server box, eg hosts table, other terminals.

Figure 31: Connections Menu - Commands pop-up menu.

Pressing at any of the four

Commands
Rlogin

and
The

pop-up menu. If it was not free, the

fields would have been replaced by

Resume connection

*

** FREE ***

message would be replaced by the name or

FREE

fields presents the

Telnet

and

Close connection

signifying there is a session present.

IP address of the connected host.

The following describes the options that can appear in the
above menu:

Telnet

This option allows you to make a connection to a

telnet

specified host on the network using

. When
this command is selected, another pop-up menu
appears, giving you the host table list. In addition,
there is a

specify host/IP address

option you can

use for other IP addresses and host names.

Rlogin

This performs the same function as the
open command, but uses the

Telnet

While

Rlogin

is the most commonly used protocol,

can also be used (especially over WAN

connections because

Rlogin

Rlogin

packets are smaller).

Telnet

protocol.

79

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Resume
Connection

Close
Connection

Port

Admin mode

CLI

Lock

This option only appears if there is a current
connection open. It allows you to carry on
working on a host.

This option also appears only if the current
connection is open and will close the session on
a host machine. It is recommended to logout
before closing the connection.

This allows users to change the characteristics
of their serial port. See
of this chapter.

This takes the user into the

(s) (also covered in this chapter).

Menu

Selecting this function changes the port back
into command line or CLI mode. To get back to
the menus use
More information on CLI is in

Interface

This function allows the user to lock the port
they are on for security purposes. When this
function is selected the user is prompted for a
password then asked to verify it again. Once
locked a port can only be unlocked by the
successful entry of the password.

set menu

(Appendix A).

Port Setup Menu

Administration

from the CLI prompt.

Command Line

section

80

Logout

Note: If a user accidentally locks their port the

kill

Administrator can use the

Administration Menu

This function logs the user completely out of
the Terminal Server. From the

pressing also logs the user out of

Menu

the system.

command on the

to free the port.

Connections

The Menu Interface

9.3 Port Setup
Menu

This menu allows the user to set up all of the parameters
associated with a port. The administrator can alter the set-up
of any port on the Terminal Server while a user can only
alter the set-up for their own port.

** Administrator ** PORT SETUP MENU REMOTE-ADMIN
Hardware Flow ctrl Keys
Speed [9600 ] Flow ctrl [Hardware] Hot [^]] Intr [^C]
Parity [None] Input Flow [Enabled ] Quit [^@] Kill [^U]
Bit [8] Output Flow [Enabled ] Del [^@] Sess [^@]
Stop [1 ] Echo [^@]
Break [Disabled] IP Addresses
Monitor DSR [No ] Src [ ] Mask [ ]
Monitor DCD [No ] Dst [ ]

User Options Access
Name [ ] Keepalive [No ] Access [Remote ]
Terminal type [ansi ] Rlogin/Telnet [Telnet] Authentication [None ]
TERM [ ] Debug options [No ] Mode [Telnet]
Video pages [0] Map CR to CR LF [No ] Connection [None ]
CLI/Menu [Menu] Hex data [No ] Host [ ]
Reset Term [No ] Secure [No ] Remote Port [0 ]
MOTD [No ] Local Port [10006]

Figure 32: Port Setup Menu.

This menu is divided into several separate sections, each of
which can be accessed independently by the administrator.
To simplify the sequence, these are described separately.

Hardware

The hardware section defines port type and is used for setting
up the hardware configuration of the modem, terminal,
printer or PC session. This section is always used. The
parameters are as follows:

Speed

This field sets the baud rate of the port and can
be set to the following values: 50, 75, 110,
150, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200, 38400, 57600, 115200. The default
setting is 9600.

81

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Parity

Bit

Stop

Break

Disabled

Local

Remote

Brkintr

This field sets the parity of the port to even, odd

None

or none. The default parity is

This sets the number of data bits that are used by
the port from 5-8. The default is

This defines how many stop bits the port uses to
either 1, 1.5, 2. The default is

This field determines how the Terminal Server
reacts to the break key being pressed on the
terminal. There are four possible settings:

The Terminal Server ignores the break key
completely and it is not passed through to the
host. This is the default setting.

The Terminal Server deals with the break
locally. If the user is in a session the break
key has the same effect as a hot key (i.e. it
returns the user to the

When a break key is pressed the Terminal
Server translates this into a telnet break signal
which it sends to the host machine.

This mode operates in the same manner as
the remote setting except that instead of
generating a break signal the Terminal Server
generates an interrupt signal and sends it
to the host.

Connections Menu

.

8

.

1

.

.)

82

Monitor DSR

Monitor DCD

This field specifies whether the RS-232 signal
DSR (data set ready) should be monitored. This

No

is used with modems. Default is

This field specifies whether the RS-232 signal
DCD (data carrier detect) should be monitored.
This is used with modems. Default is No.

.

The Menu Interface

User

The

User

section defines various user parameters such as
name and terminal type. Most fields are used in this section.
A full description is given below:

Name

Terminal type

This field defines the user name of this port on the
server. Any string of up to 14 characters can be
entered. This name is displayed on the top left
hand corner of the menu screens. It is also listed
in the statistics screens so that the administrator
can see who is using each port. If this field is left
blank then a user is prompted for their user name
before being given access to the terminal server
menus. This field is also passed to the host when
using telnet or rlogin. Default is blank.

This field defines the type of terminal that is
attached to this port. The possible values are
undef (undefined), ansi, dumb, vt100, vt320,
wyse50, wyse60, tvi925, ibm3151, vt320, falco,
hp700. Press the space bar to toggle through
these values. If none of these are applicable
then the CLI mode can be used. When an rlogin
connection is made, the unit passes this terminal
type to the host machine. Default is blank.

TERM

Video pages

This field can contain up to 8 characters. If this
field is filled in, the server sends this string as the
terminal type, instead of the field above. This
allows the user to pass through the server an
unsupported terminal type or addition identity
information for security. Default is blank.

This field defines how many video pages the
terminal in question has. If this value is set greater
than zero the server uses the video pages on the
terminal to allow it to refresh screens between
session switching. Not all terminals support video

0

pages (mainly Wyse 60’s). Default is

.

83

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Flow Control

CLI/Menu

Reset Term

This section defines the various flow control options used by
the server. This section is always used. The parameters are:

Flow Ctrl

This field defines whether the server is using the
CLI or the menu interface. If the terminal is
configured for menu interface but the terminal
type is undefined or dumb, then the unit

Menu

No

.

.

).

remains in the CLI. Default will be
This field defines whether the terminal type
should be reset when a user logs out. This is a
very useful feature when the port is connected
to a modem. When a user logs out of the server
it resets the terminal type to dumb, so the next
person starts off in CLI mode and is able to set
the terminal type correctly. Default is

This field defines which method of flow control
to be used by this port, either XON/XOFF,
HARDWARE, BOTH, none or WANG. To use
HARDWARE flow control the correct cable must
be used (see Appendix C,
WANG is a special option designed for WANG
terminal flow control applications. The default
is to use

XON/XOFF

Cabling Guide

.

84

IP address

Input Flow

Output Flow

This section of the menu deals with remote access and
modem sessions only. The parameters are as follows:

Src

This field allows you to define if the input flow
control is to be used. Default is

This field allows you to define if the output flow
control is to be used. Default is

This is the source IP address of the port for PPP/
SLIP connections. If blank, the Terminal Server
IP address is used.

Enabled

Enabled

.

.

The Menu Interface

Options

Dst

Mask

This section of the menu deals mainly with the telnet options
and is the least used. Most of these options default to

Keepalive

Rlogin/Telnet

Debug options

This is the destination IP address of the PPP/SLIP
connections. If blank, the remote host must
supply the IP address. If filled in, you designate
an assigned IP address to loan the remote host.

secure

If the
can be overridden by the incoming host.

This is the subnet mask which controls the
range of IP addresses accessible from the port
(when using remote access).

This option specifies whether the server should
send keepalive messages to the host machines it
is connected to. Default is No.

This field specifies which of the two options
should be listed first in the
Default is

This field defines whether the telnet options
processing should be displayed and is used for
troubleshooting. Default is No.

field on the

telnet

.

Port Menu

Commands

is No, this

No

.

menu.

Map CR to
CR LF

Hex data

Secure

This field defines whether the the server will
add a line feed to every carriage return on data

No

going out to the serial port. Default is

When this field is set to Yes, the server displays
all of the data it receives on this port in hex
format as well as in ASCII. This is used for
troubleshooting. Default is

Specifies the level of security to be applied to
the port in question. There are four selectable
values. Default is

No

No

.

.

.

85

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Keys

No

Yes

LAN

WAN

MOTD

This section defines the various accelerator keys that the
Terminal Server responds to. This section is optionally used.
The parameters are as follows:

Access to the administration mode is enabled
from this port. Port will accept IP addresses.

Access to administration mode is disabled for
this port. Port will reject IP addresses.

Access to administration mode is disabled
and dial-in access via PPP/SLIP is disabled.
Local network access commands telnet,
rlogin and connect are enabled.

Access to administration is disabled and local
network access commands, telnet, rlogin and
connect are disabled. Dial-in access via PPP/
SLIP is enabled.

This yes/no option specifies whether a message
of the day is to be displayed to the user before
logging on to the port. The actual text of the
message is a file on the boot host (see

Configuration

Menu)

Server

86

Hot

Intr

Quit

This is the key used to escape from a host
connection back to the
instance, if you are in a login shell on a host
machine, pressing the hot-key takes you back to
the Terminal Server. The default is

This is a user-definable interrupt key. When
selected the Terminal Server generates a telnet
‘interrupt process’ signal to the remote host.
The default is

This field defines the character that generates a
telnet BREAK across the network. Default is

^C

Connection Menu

.

^]

. For

.

^@

.

The Menu Interface

Del

Kill

Sess

Echo

This field defines the character that generates a
telnet erase character signal across the network.
In addition, this key can be used to ‘reprogram’
the interpretation of the <left-arrow> key when
operating in the menu mode. If the users
terminal generates the same key sequence for
<Left-Arrow> and <Backspace>, then setting
this key to Ctrl-H (^H), causes the <Left-arrow>
and <Backspace> keys to be treated as ‘delete

^@

^@

.

.

the last character typed in’. Default is

This field defines the character that generates a
telnet erase line signal across the network.
Default is ^U.

This key allows users to switch directly from one
session to another without going back through
the server menus. This key should be followed
immediately by the session number the user
wishes to go to. For example, if this key is set to
Ctrl-F and you want to switch to session 2, press

Ctrl-F2

. The default value is ^@.

If this key is given a value then any active telnet
session on that port can toggle between local
and remote character echoing done by the
server or by the remote host. Default is

Note: Each of the keys can be set as a single character, or as
a control character. To set the key as a control character the
symbol ‘^’ should be used followed by the relevant key.
Alphabetic characters should be specified in upper case. To

^@

disable a particular key the user should enter

in the field.

87

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Access

This section controls the type of the connection made from
this port. This is the most important section in defining a
port. The parameters are as follows:

Access

Local
Remote

Dynamic

This field defines the type of service that is
operating on this port. Default is

This is the normal setting for terminals/PCs.

This setting indicates that the server should
be listening on the ethernet for connections
from a remote host. The TCP port for the
terminal server to listen on, must be entered

Local Port

in the
used for printers, dial-out modems and
reverse telnet connections.

This setting should be used for dial-in/dial­out modems. This setting is a combination of
the local and remote settings. The terminal
server listens both on the serial port for
incoming characters and on the network for
incoming connections. When it gets either, it
behaves as the appropriate type of
connection until that session is terminated,
whereupon it goes back to listening again.

field. This setting should be

Local

.

88

SLIP
PPP

Listen

None
CSLIP

This will set the port into SLIP mode.

This setting puts the port into a dedicated
PPP line.

This setting is similar to
DTR/RTS will only be raised once a network
connection is establish.

Sets port to disabled.

This setting puts the port into dedicated
CSLIP status.

Remote

, however,

The Menu Interface

Authentication

None
Local

Host

Both

This field defines how a user logs in. Default
is none.

This sets authentication off.

This forces the incoming user to enter the
Terminal Server login authentication
password (same password for all ports).

This is full authentication requiring a user ID
and password that will be checked against a
designated authentication host.

This provides two levels of security with

Local

Mode

Connection

This field defines whether the connection is
or

telnet

connection. Setting the mode to
to do the
connection. This should be set to
and LPD printing & modem connections, and
be set to

This field defines whether the user has access to
multiple connections or only a single
connection, and the level of control the user has
over these connections.

authentication first, then

. A

raw

connection is a straight TCP

Host

telnet

telnet

negotiations with a network

raw

telnet

for reverse telnet connections.

.

raw

causes it

for RCP

None

The server does not try to initiate any
connections. The user has full control and
access to all 4 sessions. This is the default.

89

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

Preferred

Dedicated

Initiated

Host

The server makes an immediate connection
to the indicated host machine and port
number. The
must be filled in. Although the user is
connected to a designated host, the user can
hot key
unit. This allows a user to configure the
system so that they always log into one
machine, but still have the option of
connecting to others.

The server makes an immediate connection
to the indicated host and port number. The
user is limited to only a single connection to
the indicated host, and can not hot key back
to the server menus. The

Mode

fields must be set properly.

This setting is similar to the
connection, but requires the user to enter the
return key before initiating a connection. It is
widely used for terminal/PC connections.

This field defines the remote host to be
connected to. Either a host name or an IP
address may be used. If a name is entered it
must be in the host table. Default is blank.

Host, Remote

^]

back from this connection to the

and

Mode

Host, Remote

Dedicated

fields

and

90

Remote Port

Local Port

This field defines the remote TCP port number
for the server to connect to. Use port number
23 for

telnet

and 513 for

This field defines the local TCP port for the
Terminal Server to listen on. The port default to
10000 plus the number of the port.

rlogin

. Default is 0.

9.4

Administration
Menu

The Menu Interface

The

Administration Menu

allows the user access to the main
configuration functions. All of the options can be accessed
by a normal user (unless the

field is set to

Yes

). None

secure

of the configuration details may be altered unless the user
has entered the administrator’s password.

ADMINISTRATION MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

gateway Examine/modify gateway table.
host Examine/modify host table.
line Terminal configuration organised by line.
password Specify password to allow modification of menu items.
port Terminal configuration organised by port.
quit Return to connections menu.
server Examine/modify Server parameters.
stats Examine Server statistics.

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 33: Administration Menu.

The parameters are as follows:

gateway

Selecting this field allows the user to view the

Gateway Menu

host

Selecting this field allows the user to view the

Host Address Menu

line

Selecting this field takes the user to the
up menu used for viewing port configurations.

password

Selecting this field allows the user to enter the
administrator’s level where changes can be
made. Default password is

port

Selecting this field allows the user to view the

Setup Menu

as previously described. The user is

prompted for the port number to be configured.

quit

Selecting this field takes the user back into the

Connections Menu

used for routing.

used for local naming.

iolan

.

.

Lines

pop-

Port

91

Terminal Server

- User and Administration Guide

server

stats

Selecting this field allows the user to view the

Configuration Menu

.

Selecting this field allows the user to view the

Statistics

screens.

Once the user has entered administration mode the display
changes slightly to indicate this.

** Administrator ** ADMINISTRATION MENU REMOTE-ADMIN

access Remote System Access (PPP).
change Change login and/or admin password.
gateway Examine/modify gateway table.
host Examine/modify host table.
kill Kill TCP connections on serial line.
line Terminal configuration organised by line.
port Terminal configuration organised by port.
quit Return to connections menu.
reboot Reboot Server.
server Examine/modify Server parameters.
stats Examine Server statistics.
trap Examine/modify SNMP Trap parameters.

________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 34: Administration Menu (password level).

This allows the user access to some extra features as follows:

92

access

change

kill

reboot

Selecting this option takes the user into the
remote access section of the Terminal Server
bringing up a menu for designating remote sites,
devices and authentication/logging parameters.

Selecting this field takes the user into the

Password

pop-up menu. The user has the option

of altering the admin, login or logger passwords.

Selecting this field allows the administrator to
reset any serial port. The administrator is
prompted to enter the port number and press

.

Selecting this field allows the user to reboot the
Terminal Server.