Benefon Twin is a dual band GSM phone operating seamlessly between the bands.
For GSM900 Benefon Twin operates only on primary P-GSM band, i.e. transmitting
on 890 - 915 MHz (mobile transmit, base receive) and receiving on 935 - 960 MHz
(base transmit, mobile receive) For GSM1800 Benefon Twin transmits on
1 710 - 1 785 MHz ( m obile transmit, base receive) an d receiving on 1 805 - 1 880
MHz (base transmit, mobile receive). Benefon Twin does not support E-GSM band.
Maximum output power on low er band is 2 W and on up per band 1 W. Th us Benefon
Twin belongs to power class 4 on lower band and to power class 1 on higher band.
Benefon Twin standard GSM Full Rate speech coding and Enhanced Full Rate
speech coding EFR. Benefon Twin supports full duplex, circuit switched asyncronous data services on data rates 300 bit/s, 1200 bit/s, 4.8 kbit/s, 9.6 kbit/s and
14.4 kbit/s. These data rates can be used for sending PC FAX. Additionally Twin
supports V.1 10 ISDN connection, Rad io Link Protocol , RLP., and a set of GSM 0 7.07
AT commands. No syncronous data ser vi ces an d n o al ter n ate sp eech /da t a ca l ls ar e
supported.
Benefon Twin supports Short Message Service and Short Message Service Cell
Broadcast. Depending on the network configuration Twin also supports concatenated short messages up to length of 640 c haracters.
1.2 Physical dimensions
Maximum length of the Twin is 1 12 mm; maximum width 49 mm and maximum thickness is 27 mm.
Weight of the phone is 108 g with 650 mAh Li-On battery pack and 126 g with 800
mAh NiMH and 1050 mAh Li-On battery pack.
1.3 Display
Display is a custom full-graphic display. It will have 48 pixel rows and 100 columns.
1.4 SIM
Benefon Twin is using small plug-in SIM card. SIM interface is guaranteed to work
only with 5 V SIM cards.
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1.5 Connectors
Benefon Twin has offers several types of connectors, namely
- battery connector with 4 connectors for battery pack
- charging connector with 2 connectors for chargers
- SIM connector with 6 pins for SIM card
- RF -connector (female SMA type) for integral antenna
- system connector with 16 pins for various accessories
There is no auxiliary RF -connector. However it’s possible to detach integral antenna
and connect an external antenna to its connector.
1.6 Operating voltages
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Maximum operating voltage is 5.2 V, minimum voltage 3.3 V. Nominal voltage 4.0 V.
1.7 Battery packs and operating times
Initially three battery packs are available for Benefon Twin, namely
Battery type Talk time up to Stand-by time up to
Li-On 650 mAh 320 min 120 h
NiMH 800 mAh 375 min 125 h
Li-On 1050 mAh 540 min 200 h
NiMH battery pack contains t hree NiMH cells and Li-On battery packs one Li-On cell.
Talk and standby times vary a lot depending on the network conditions.
1.8 Accessories
- belt clip
- portable hands-free kit
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- light car cradle
- simple hands-free kit to use in car integrated to cigarette lighter adapter
charger
- cigarette lighter adapter charge r with hands-free kit
- two different mains chargers, other slightly fa ster than other
- PC support software for administration of abbreviated dialling entries and
sending SMS to several recipients
- PC adapter cable for PC support software and data services
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1.9 Main features of Benefon Twin
This section list some of the most important features of Benefon Twin
1.9.1 User changeable mask
Lens mask framing the display can be detached and changed by the user. Many different colour options are available.
1.9.2 Location based services
Benefon Twin has a capability to send information of the base stations it can receive.
This information is wrapped into a SMS message including some service requests.
Network can calculate the location of the mobile based on this network information.
Thereafter network service can handle the service request and reply to the mobile
according to its locati on. This fea ture is avail able only i n limited nu mber of ne tworks.
1.9.3 T9, text input with nine keys
While writing text into Benefon Twin, user may switch T9 active and make the writing
significantly easier and faster. While using T9, user has to press a key only once per
letter and the user interface suggests matching words to user.
1.9.4 Abbreviated dialling memory
Up to 255 Abbreviated Diallin g entries on SIM card are supported. There’s no ADN
memory in the phone’s memory.
1.9.5 Recent calls memory
Twin separates calls to three different categories and stores the associated telephone numbers if available from the network. Twin stores last 15 dialled calls, last 10
unanswered calls and last 10 answered calls.
1.9.6 Personal organiser (Clock & calendar functions)
Benefon twin has an in-built real time clock and calendar that operates for a significant period even if battery is detached. Several features on the user interface of the
phone use this information, namely recent call timestamps, text message handling,
alarm clock and calendar with its reminders.
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1.10 Manufacturer
BENEFON OYJ
P.O. Box 84
(Meriniitynkatu 11)
FIN 24101 SALO
FINLAND
This document briefly describes the TG Service software for Benefon products
belonging to the Twin Generation, namely Benefon Twin, Benefon Twin DS, Benefon
Q, Benefon Esc! and Benefon Track.
4.1.2 Hardware requirements of TG Service software
The use of TG Service software requires a proper service adapter ( APD 70 ). The
standard data adapter for TG products does not work with TG Service software.
It’s advisable co nnect the s ervic e PC to also a Rohde&Sw artz CMD 55 or CTS 55 or
a Wavetek 4400M. This is required for automatic tuning.
4.1.3 Revision history
This document is ba sed on TG Service sof tware version 1.8.
4.2 Getting started
First connect the service adapter to th e PC and phone. Che ck that the COM port setting is correctly set in TG Service software in menu item “Device->Options->Phone”.
The TG Service software works best on a phone without a SIM. During power-up:
reading the content s of a SIM car d uses quite a lo t of phone ’s p roc essing p owe r an d
during this time the Service mode software works slowly. Using TG Service software
without a SIM card in the phone overcomes this problem.
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To establish a connection between the TG Service softwar and the phone do following
1. Connect the phone to the Service adapter an d check that ph one can be
started up. You can us e a powe r supp ly (reco mme nded) or a pro perly cha rged
battery.
2. Click the leftmo st Toolbar button to establish a connection between TG
Service software and the phone. Check the “Communication trace” for this.
3. Click the second Toolbar button from the left to change to phone mode into
Service (Local) mode. Now you can use all the functions available in TG
Service software. Note that some functions work only in Normal Operation
mode and some functions work only in Service (local) mode.
While the phone is control le d by TG Servic e mo de softw ar e, the user can read the
phone type, HW version and SW version number from the phone’s display.
4.3 List of Features
The opening screen of the service software looks like this.
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4.3.1 File menu
The file menu al lows the user to handl e th e t unin g p ar amet er f ile. I t c ont ain s the tuning parameters of an individual phone.
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4.3.1.1 Load from mobile
With this option user can read all the tuning parameters from the phone’s non-volatile memory.
4.3.1.2 Save to mobile
With this option user can save the tuning parameters from the phone.
4.3.1.3 Load from file
With this option user can read all the tuning parameters from PC.
4.3.1.4 Save to file
With this option user can save the tuning parameters to a file onto PC.
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4.3.2 Edit menu
This menu item has only one functi on to cl ea r th e trace box at the bottom of the window.
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4.3.2.1 Clear Trace Log
This menu item allows user to clear the trace log at bottom of TG Service software
window.
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4.3.3 View menu
This menu item allows the user to adjust some TG Serv ice software window settings.
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4.3.3.1 Toolbar
With this setting the user can toggle the toolbar on and off. With the visible Toolbar,
the user can access the most often needed functions faster than through the menu.
4.3.3.2 Status bar
With this setting, the user can toggle the Status Bar on and off. With the visible Status Bar the user can get some help on different features and follow the signalling
traffic between the PC and phone.
4.3.3.3 Keypad window
With this setting, the user can hide and show the Keypad window. With the visible
Keypad window, the user can “press” some keys on the phone by clicking the Keypad window on the PC screen. The Keypad window is available only in the Normal
operating mode, no t in Service mo de . Note, the user c an toggle the Keyp a d wi n dow
on/off with the Toolbar by clicking the third button from the left. Note that not all the
TG Phones have separate audio volume keys.
4.3.3.4 Channel window (Radio service window)
In this menu item, the user can open a window to control the radio part. Functions
include setting the active TX, RX and MON channels, type of burst transmitted etc.
This window can be used only in Service mode.
Note the user ca n toggle the Channel window on/off with the Toolbar by clickin g the
fourth button from left.
4.3.3.5 Show RFG settings
In this menu item, it shows RF generator settings when RX Gain control is active.
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4.3.4 Device menu
This menu item allow s the user to in itial ise a co nnecti on be tween the PC an d phone
plus toggle the mode of the ph one between Service (Lo c al ) mode and Normal Oper ation mode.
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4.3.4.1 Connected
By clicking this line the user can establish a connection between the PC and phone
and also disconnect. Note, that this men u ite m can be accessed through th e to olba r
of clicking the leftmost button.
4.3.4.2 Local mode
By clicking this line, the user can change the phone mode to Service (Local) mode
and back to the normal operating mode. Note that this menu item can be accessed
through toolbar by clicking the second button from the left.
4.3.4.3 Options
In this menu item user change var iou s setti n gs of the TG Se rvic e softwa re . The u se
of default settings is recommended.
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4.3.5 Service menu
This menu item allows the service personnel to use the service functions needed
during unit repair and view related tune-up values.
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4.3.5.1 View tuning values
This menu item allows t he u s er to view the LCD contrast se tti ng an d b atte r y vol t a ge
correction value. A proper and valid battery voltage correction value is very important for the battery charging algorithm. The value is used to stop the charging process at the right point in time.
4.3.5.2 View TX tuning values
This menu item allows the user to view the tuning values related to the transmitter
part.
4.3.5.3 View RX tuning values
This menu item allows the use r to view the tuni ng values rela ted to the recei ver p art.
4.3.5.4 Sim Lock
4.3.5.5 MoviStar Sim Lock
4.3.5.6 Reset phone code
This menu item allows the user resets phone code to 1234.
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4.3.6 Tuning menu
This menu item allows the user to tune an individual setting related to the phone.
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4.3.6.1 TX Power ramp
This menu item allows the user to adjust the TX power levels on both GSM and DCS
bands.
4.3.6.2 RX Gain control
This menu item allows the user to adjust the RX gain control values for different signal levels. A routine for automatic adjustment with CMD 55 is available.
4.3.6.3 LCD & Buzzer test
This menu item allow s user t o change t he L CD con trast se tting. N ote th at too dark a
setting may cause the display to “flicker” in the light of fluorescent tubes.
Buzzer test enables to check the buzzer functioning.
4.3.6.4 Battery values
This menu item allows the user to measure and store the battery voltage correction
value. Be sure to apply to the phone’s exact operating volta ge of 4,32 V with external
power adapter.
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4.3.7 Help menu
This menu allows the user to check the version of the TG Service software.
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5.0 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
5.0.1 General
Benefon Twin and Benefon Twin DS has two circuit boards, PCBs. Main PCB has all
the GSM specific function on board, both rad io and baseban d section. Auxil iary PCB
provides a platform for LCD display and keypad. Circuit boards are connected to
together with a 32 pin connector.
5.0.2 Antenna connector
Antenna connector is SMA compatible and tilted 5 degrees away from the user
head. Connector is matched to 50 ohms.
5.0.3 System connector description
This section describes the female system connector in the phone.
5.0.3.1 Pin numbering
With Benefon Twin the system connector pin numbering starts from the right when
looking the phone from front, i.e. the display side.
Note that in other TG products the system connector may be assembled upside
down. Another way to re member pin numbering is to know that the charg ing pins are
the pins 17-20, i.e. the num b er ing starts as far as possible from charging conne c tor.
Note that pi ns NMEA pins are act i ve only in Benefon Esc! and Benefon Locus.
PIN 1: An alog Grou nd sho uld be conne cted to d igital g roun d at only one p oint
inside the mobile phone. This point is the analog ground pin of the first
microphone amplifier stage.
in
out
in
in
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PIN 2: CTS signal for asynchronic serial line number 1 (RS232). Used for data
communication between the GSM mobile phones and PC. With NMT
phones this pin is used to detect I2C interrupt. The pin is normally in
logical ‘1’ state and I2C i nterrupt pulls the pin to logical ‘0’.
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PIN 3: External MIC line is used as an audio input for the mobile phone. There
is a DC level in this pin for headset. The DC level h as b ee n ma de by
connecting the pin to 2.2V voltage via 2.2 kohm resistor.
PIN 4: RTS sig nal for asynchro nic serial line n umber 1 ( RS232). Used for da ta
communication between the GSM mobile phones and PC. When there
is other accessory than data cable connected to the mobile phone this
pin can be used to control the accessory power. Logical ‘1’ turns the
accessory power on and logical ‘0’ turns the accessory power off. With
MiniHF this same feature ca n be used to mute the audio line s.
PIN 5: If boot signal is 12V when resetting the phone, the phone will start
performing software from the BOOT ROM memory. This is used for
FLASH downloading. Otherwise this pin is used as an EXTERP pin to
get the analog audio out from the mobile phone. The analog audio is
connected to this pin via 10 uF capacitor and there is not any DC level
in audio out signal.
PIN 6: Charging current input, max. 1.0A. Connecting a char ger to this pin w ill
also power on the mobi le phon e. Pow ering o ff the m obile h appen s wit h
EMMI command (see pins 14 & 15).
PIN 7: The headset detector signal is normally at logic ‘1’ state (2.7V). When
pulling this signal to ground outside the mobile the mobile knows that
either the headset or the MiniHF car kit is connected to the phone.
When the mobile phone pulls this signal to ground it disables the
accessory regulator preventing the accessory to take power. With
MiniHF this same feature can be used to mute the audio lines. This can
be done with next circuit:
With this circuit the 10 0k r esisto r can be om itted if the in/out pin ha s an
internal pull-up when in inpu t mode. The maximum voltage of VCC
connected to 100 kohm resistor in the accessory side is 2.7V. The in/
out pin is in output mode only when there is a need to power off an
accessory or to mute the audio lines of MiniHF car kit.
PIN 8 & 10: Asynchronic serial line number 1 (RS232).
PIN 9: The maximum current from the VBAT line is 300 mA.
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PIN 11 & 12: NMEA 0183 signals for GPS and I2C lines for NMT phones.
PIN 13: Hook line for active headset and MiniHF detection line. This line is
normally at logic ‘1’ state (2.7V). When pulling this signal to ground
after the headset accessory has been detected the mobile phone
assumes that the hook of the headset has been pressed.
If pins 13 and 7 have been pulled to ground and the charger has been
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connected to pin 6 (CHARGE) within 100ms, the mobile phone
assumes that the connected accessory is MiniHF car kit.
If this signal has been pulled to groun d and th e headset detector (pin 7)
is in logic ’1’ state the mobile assumes that there is an accessory using
serial port connected to the system connector.
PIN 14 & 15: Asynchronic serial line number 2 (RS232) for accessories and for
debugging mobile’s software. This line does not have CTS or RTS
signals. The data is transferred according EMMI protocol defined in
GSM phase2 specific ation 11 .10-1 section 3 6.3.5.; 9600 bit/s, 1 star t bit
(S), 8 bits (D1 to D8), no parity, 1 stopbit (E). The flow control is not
used.
PIN 16: The maximum current of DGND pin is 1,0A.
PIN 17: Not connected. If connecte d, Char ger S witch 0 ( CHGSW0) is norm ally
in logic ‘1’ sta te (2.7V) and groun de d w h en the charger is con nected to
DC jack.
PIN 18: Same as pin 16. The maximum current of DGND pin is 1.0A.
PIN 19: Not connected. If connecte d, Char ger S witch 1 ( CHGSW1) is norm ally
grounded and goes to logic ‘1’ state when the charger is co nnected to
DC jack.
PIN 20: Same as pin 6. The maximum current of CHARGE pin is 1.0A.
The maximum current of all pin s except pi ns 6, 9 and 16 - 20 is 10 mA.
5.0.4 Charging & battery
During charging the charger provides a constant current that can be cut off by the
phone. After main charging phase phone uses short current pulses to keep up the
fully charged. Charging connector uses only two leads and therefore the charging
cable and connector can be simple.
The estimate of remaining battery capacity is based on both battery voltage and
used current integra tion. Current integration means that phone makes “notes” on the
current used and the period this current was used.
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TG charging concept has charger options. Slow “overnight” charger and fast
charger.
TG battery concept uses to pins to read battery type. The pins can only have fixed
setting, low (g round) and high. This limits the number of battery categories to four.
Note that within a category the battery capacity can vary up to 10-15%, but the cell
type remains the same.
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5.0.5 HW and SW version numbering
Both HW and SW version are displayed in Service (local) mode.
From idle mode SW versio n can be r ead fro m the ph one by ke ying in *# 0000 #. Addi -
tionally this display shows also the SW compilation date.
5.0.5.1 Hardware version
HW version number consists of 8 digits like SBBRRDDZ. HW version numbers
are issued in alphabetical order (numbers preceding letters). i.e. later HW
versions come later in alphabetical order. HW version can be read with the
same key sequence as SW version.
5.0.5.2 Software version
Software version code has format X.XXXXXA, for example 1.290162F. SW version
numbers are issued in alphabetical order (numbers preceding letters), i.e. later SW
versions come later in alphab eti ca l order .
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5.1 Logic/audio
OC2300
5.1.1 General description for the baseband
The baseband is built with Analog Devices components.
The baseband can be devided into six major parts:
1. Enhanced GSM Processor
2. Voice Band Codec
3. Memory
4. Display
5. Power
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5.1.1.1 Enhanced GSM Processor
The EGSMP (ADI chip AD6426) performs all the baseband functions of the
layer 1 processing of the GSM interface. This includes all data encoding and
decoding processes as well as timing radio sub-system control functions.
In the EGSMP there is a DSP (speech codec and channel equalizer), main
processor ( Hitac hi H8/300H proces sor) and also the interfaces ( all the subsystem of the therminal, including the keypad, memories, display driver, SIM,
DTE and DTA data services interface and radio).
Functional block diagram
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5.1.1.2 Voice Band Codec
The VBC (ADI chip AD 6425) contains c omplete codecs for the conversion of
voiceband and ba seband signa ls as well as D/A- conve rters to c ontrol th e radio
subsystem and auxiliary A/D-converter for signal monitoring purposes.
The voiceband codec is a complete analog front-end, which can interface
directly with a microphone and a speake r.
The baseband codec is a complete low power, two channel, in put/output port
with signal condit io ning. The tran smit p ath cons ist s of an on -chi p burst store, a
GMSK modulator a nd tw o h i gh spe ed D ACD s w it h o utp ut re con s tr uctio n filters.
The receive path consists of two 15 bit Sigma Delta A/D converters, which
include high performance digital filters for RF-channel selection.
The auxiliary section of the VBC consi sts of D/A converters for AFC, AGC and
for control of the transmit-burst envelope.
The auxiliary section also includes A/D converters that measures different voltages and temperatures.
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5.1.1.3 Memory
The memories consists of Fla sh SRAM and EEPROM. Th e Flash and RAM are
16 bits wide with total size of 32Mbit (Flash) and 4Mbit (RAM). The EEPROM is
a 2-Wire Serial m emory with the size of 128kbit.
5.1.1.4 Display
The Display is a Seiko Epson FSTN LCD module (100*48 dots 2.7V) The
module have a possibility to be driven either in parallel or serial mode.
5.1.1.5 Power management
The power management is mainly handled by the Analog Device Regulator
(ADP3401) wich consists of four LDOs, charge pump (5V) for SIM card and
logic level translations for SIM card (3 to 5V). The chip also handles the
charging of the litium battery for the real time clock.
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The charging of main battery is made so that the charger gives a constant
current and its switched in the phone to the right level for the battery. The
battery is Lithium, Lithium Polymer or Nickel Metal Hydride, NiMH.
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5.2 RF
5.2.1 General
The RF-part is based on Hitachi dualband GSM RF-chip HD155121F, which
includes receiver circuit, offset loop modulation TX architecture and IF-VCO.
The final power amplifier is Hitachi PF08103B dualband TX module. RF parts
are powered by three 2.8V linear regulators, which provide separate power
supply for PLL synthesizer and VCO, modulator and TX-parts, and other RFparts such as AGC-amplifier and LNA etc.
5.2.2 Receiver
The incoming RX signal from antenna front-end switch X403 is fed via front
end filter X301 to the LNA-block, which consists of two amplifiers, one for each
band. After LNA-block RX signal is filtered again in filter X302 and applied to
the input of first mixe r i n th e R F- chi p w he r e the signal is converted to first IF of
225MHz. The channel filtering is accoplished with first IF filter X303. After
filtering the signal is fed back to the RF-chip for second frequency conversion.
Second IF-frequency is 45 MHz. The seco nd local oscillator signa l and 45MHz
signal required for IQ demodulation is generated in RF-chip. Automatic Gain
Control (AGC) is made by changing the gain of both mixer stages and by
adjusting the gain of 45 MHz second IF-amplifier.
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5.2.3 Transmitter
The TX signal is genera ted by di vid in g th e 5 40 MH z IF- VCO fr eq ue ncy by 2 or
by 4. This 270 MHz signal ( 135 MHz in DCS-1800 band ) is then modulatid
with I and Q signals. The IQ modulated signal is fed to the phase comparator
where it is compar ed to th e m i xed sig na l of RF -V C O X3 04 a nd TX- VC O X4 01 .
The phase comparator output is then filtered and applied to TX-VCO. This
architecture makes it possible to use oscillators running at final frequency.
Modulated RF-signal from TX-VCO is then amplified in dualband TX module
I405 and routed via antenna front-end switch X403 to the antenna connector.
The power control loop consists of directional coupler X402, detector diodes
D401 and comparator I404.
5.2.4 Synthesizer
RF-synthesizer, which controls RF-c hannel frequenc y, is made of serial
controlled dual synthesizer chip I304 and dualband VCO-module X304. IFsynthesizer includes the same synthesizer chip I304 and IF-VCO, which is
integrated in Hitachi RF-chip, resonator circuits is excluded. Loopfilters of both
synthesizers are passive type. 13 MHz reference signal is generated in
VCTCXO module X1. The frequency of IF-synthesizer is switched 4 MHz
depending on TX / RX cycle and uset RF channel.
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5.2.5 Power supply and power switching
The battery volt age is regulated in switchable regulators I302, I3 03 and I401.
The used supply voltage for RF-components is 2.8 V, except dual-band TXmodule.The power on/off switching is controlled from baseband-processor
using output-enabl e pin of each reg ul ato r.
5.2.6 Antenna and antenna connector
The RF-signal from antenna front-end switch X403 is applied to the antenna
connector V2. The antenna connector is SMA-type and the nominal impedance
is 50 ohm. Antenna itself is a helical type dualband antenna.