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TTIIMMEE CCYYCCLLEEDD PPRREESSSSUURREE LLIIMMIITTEEDD
((TTCCPPLL))
Machine or assist breaths which utilize a set inspiratory flow to reach a
preset inspiratory pressure. Flow then decelerates and pressure is held for
the set inspiratory time.
-10
0
-10
10
10
20
20
30
30
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
70
80
80
90
90
100
100
mBar
cmH20
Monitoring Section
Easy to read monitored values and indicator lights.
Airway Pressure Manometer
Self Test
Breath Rate
Patient Initiated
Monitor Display Windows
Inspiratory Time
Expiratory Time
I:E Ratio Monitoring
PIP Monitoring
MAP Monitoring
PEEP Monitoring
Air/O
2 Monitoring (toggle switch)
Minute Volume
Inspiratory Tidal Volume
Expiratory Tidal Volume (% leak toggle switch)
Line Power
Battery Power
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
1100
1111
1122
1133
1144
1155
AA
AASSSSIISSTT CCOONNTTRROOLL MMOODDEE
A time cycled pressure limited (TCPL) breath
is delivered when a breath time period
elapses, as determined by the ventilator
rate control setting, or when the patient
activates the assist trigger.
Provided the set assist sensitivity threshold is
met, the patient may trigger every breath if
their ventilatory demand exceeds the set ventilator rate. The result is a synchronization of
mechanical breaths with patient demand. If
the patient does not trigger a breath before the breath time period elapses, the ventilator will deliver a mandatory TCPL breath according to the clinician-selected inspiratory pressure,
ventilator rate, inspiratory flow and inpiratory time. All spontaneous inspiratory efforts recognized by the ventilator will be fully supported according to these preset ventilator settings.
FFLLOOWW CCYYCCLLEE
Flow Cycle ventilation provides for breath synchrony by allowing the infant to terminate the breath based
on flow at the proximal airway.
FFLLOOWW CCYYCCLLEEDD AASSSSIISSTT
CCOONNTTRROOLL MMOODDEE
A pressure limited breath is delivered to the patient
at the preset inspiratory pressure and is flow cycled
when the inspiratory flow falls to 10% of the peak
inspiratory flow rate.
If the preset Inspiratory Time is reached before
inspiratory flow falls to 10% the breath will be time
cycled. The breath will be volume cycled if the set
Volume Limit is reached first. The Inspiratory Time
Display will flash if the breath is terminated based
on time rather than flow.
FFLLOOWW CCYYCCLLEEDD SSIIMMVV MMOODDEE
In Flow Cycled SIMV, all mandatory pressure limited
breaths are delivered to the patient at the preset
Inspiratory Pressure and are flow cycled when the
inspiratory flow falls to 10% of the peak inspiratory
flow rate.
If the preset Inspiratory Time is reached before
inspiratory flow falls to 10% the breath will be time
cycled. The breath will be volume cycled if the set
Volume Limit is reached first. The Inspiratory Time
Display will flash breath is terminated based on
time rather than flow.
SSIIMMVV MMOODDEE
SIMV ensures that spontaneously breathing patients receive
a minmum number of machine breaths and allows for unassisted spontaneous
breathing between these machine breaths. Blended gas for spontaneous
breaths is supplied by the base flow. (Up to 30 L/min of flow)
If the patient has a period of apnea, a mandatory breath will be delivered at
the beginning of the next breath time interval. Mandatory breaths will continue according to the set ventilator rate until the next inspiratory effort from
the patient is sensed.
The concept of an “assist window” is very useful when describing the fundamentals of SIMV operation.
In any of the flow cycled modes a mandatory
or patient initiated breath may be terminated
by flow when the flow decrease to 10% of the
peak inspiratory flow. The termination criterion is fixed at 10%.
The advantages of flow cycling are improved synchrony,
inspiratory times that do not exceed what is necessary
for complete lung inflation and lower risk of air trapping, especially at high respiratory rates.
When a machine breath is due, the assist window opens and waits for the patient’s inspiratory
effort. If the ventilator does not detect an inspiratory effort a mandatory breath will be delivered at
the beginning of the next breath time period.
A
1166
1177
Mode Selection Section
The Mode Select knob allows mode selection
with the turn of a knob.
Mode Selector Switch
Flow Cycled Assist Control
Assist Control
SIMV/IMV
SIMV/PSV
Flow Cycled SIMV
Standby
CPAP
Pressure Support Ventilation
1188
1199
2200
2211
2222
2233
BB
2244
2255
2266
2277
2288
2299
3300
3311
Pneumatics Module
Percent Oxygen Control
Flow Sensor Connection
Proximal Pressure Monitoring Port
Ventilator Gas Flow Outlet
(to humidifier or patient)
Exhalation Valve
(Receives exhaled gas from patient)
CC
Alarms & Limit Section
Both variable and preset ventilator alarms
and limits with integrated displays.
Variable Set Alarms
Low PEEP/CPAP Alarm
High Breath Rate Alarm
Low Minute Volume Alarm
High Pressure Limit
Audible Alarm Silence
Visual Alarm Reset Switch
Audible Alarm Off
Volume Limit
Preset Alarms
Failed to Cycle
Low Gas Supply
Patient Circuit
Prolonged Inspiratory Pressure
Pressure Settings Incompatible
Flow Sensor
Apnea
Low Battery
3322
3333
3344
3355
3366
3377
DD
3388
3399
4400
4411
4422
4433
4444
4455
4466
4477
Controls Section
Variable ventilator controls with
integrated digital displays to set
breath characteristics.
PEEP/CPAP
Inspiratory Pressure
Ventilator Rate
Inspiratory Time
Base Flow
Inspiratory Flow
Assist Sensitivity
Manual Breath
4488
4499
5500
5511
5522
5533
EE
5544
5555
Pressure rises until target
pressure is reached and is
maintained for the set
inspiratory time. At end
inspiration, breath cycles to
exhalation and returns to
baseline.
Set inspiratory flow is
delivered then decelerates
as pressure equilibrates in
the lungs.
As flow is delivered, lung
volume increases. The
breath cycles to exhalation
at the end of inspiratory
time period.
18 232221
19
20
19
20
Upon sensing the patient's inpiratory effort, a TCPL breath based on the preset inspiratory Pressure at the
preset Inspiratory Time is delivered. As soon as this breath has been triggered, the assist window closes.
B
Once the TCPL breath has been delivered, subsequent patient effort results in spontaneous
breaths until the next mandatory breath is due.
C
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VIASYS Healthcare - Critical Care Division
1100 Bird Center Drive
Palm Springs, CA 92262-8099
Phone: (760) 778-7200
(800) 328-4139
Fax: (760) 778-7274
Rembrandtlaan 1b, 3723 BG Bilthoven
P.O. Box 299, 3720 AG Bilthoven
The Netherlands
Phone: (31) 30 2289 711
Fax: (31) 30 2286 244
www.ViasysCriticalCare.com
This training aid has been designed to assist the clinician in the
understanding and use of the features and options
available on the Bear Cub® 750
PSV Infant/Pediatric
ventilators.
Numbers have been used for easy cross-reference
between faceplate information, waveform
graphics, and breath mode explanations.
CAUTION: Prior to using this training
aid, read and understand the Bear
Cub750
PSV Operator’s Manual L1522.
PPEERRFFOORRMMAANNCCEE CCHHAARRAACCTTEERRIISSTTIICCSS
AANNDD SSPPEECCIIFFIICCAATTIIOONNSS
CCOONNTTRROOLLSS
Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flow Cycle AC, AC,
SIMV/IMV, SIMV/PSV, Flow
Cycled SIMV CPAP/PSV
Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 to 150 bpm
Inspiratory Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.1 to 3.0 sec.
PEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 30 cmH2O
Inspiratory Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 72 cmH2O
Manual Breath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x1
Assist Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.02 to 5.0 L/min
Over Pressure Relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 to 75 cmH2O
% O2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 to 100%
Apnea Alarm (selectable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5, 10, 20 or 30 sec.
MMOONNIITTOORRSS
Breath Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 255 bpm
Patient Initiated Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED
Minute Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 30.0 L/min
Tidal Volume (Inspired and Expired) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 500 ml
%Tube Leak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 100%
Inspiratory Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.1 to 3.10 sec.
Expiratory Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 99.9 sec.
I:E Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9.9.1 to 1:9.9
Peak Inspiratory Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 99 cmH2O
Mean Airway Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 75.0 cmH2O
PEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 30.0 cmH2O
Air Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 100 psig
O2 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 100 psig
Proximal Airway Pressure (Gauge) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-10 to 100 cmH2O
Hourmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 99,999 hours
Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Push button
AALLAARRMMSS//LLIIMMIITTSS
High Breath Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 to 255 bpm
Low PEEP/CPAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- 5 to 30 cmH2O
Low Inspiratory Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.25 (High Pressure Limit -
Low PEEP/CPAP) + Low
PEEP/CPAP
Patient Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Failed to Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Low Gas Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Apnea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Pressure Settings Incompatible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Prolonged Inspiratory Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Flow Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Low Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LED On/Off
Alarm Silence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 sec.
Visual Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Push Button
High Pressure Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 to 75 cmH
2O
Line Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Green/Red LED
SSEETTTTIINNGGSS IINNCCOOMMPPAATTIIBBLLEE AALLAARRMM
The Settings Incompatible Alarm will activate if a control setting or group of
settings is incompatible with one another.
IInnssppiirraattoorryy TTiimmee aanndd VVeennttiillaattoorr RRaattee
If the Inspiratory Time display and Ventilator Rate display is flashing, the set
Inspiratory Time is incompatible with the Ventilator rate. In this situation the
set Inspiratory Time will change in order to maintain breath delivery at the set
rate.
BBaassee FFllooww aanndd IInnssppiirraattoorryy FFllooww
The Base Flow and Inspiratory Flow displays will flash when the Base Flow has
been set to more that 2 times the Set Inspiratory Flow. The flow control
solenoid will not cycle and Base Flow will be utilized continuously.
VVoolluummee LLiimmiitt ffllaasshheess EE.. FFII..
The Volume Limit LED will flash alternating with the message "E. Fl" (Error Flow)
if the Inspiratory Flow setting is too high for the Volume Limit Setting.
VVoolluummee LLiimmiitt ffllaasshheess EE.. PPII..
The Volume Limit LED will flash alternating with the message "E. PI." (Error
Pressure) if the Inspiratory Pressure is too high for the Volume Limit Setting.
PPrreessssuurree SSeettttiinnggss IInnccoommppaattiibbllee
If the Inspiratory Pressure setting is less than the PEEP/CPAP setting the
pressure control solenoid will not cycle. Only PEEP/CPAP will be delivered.
AAPPNNEEAA BBAACCKKUUPP
Should the patient become apneic, the ventilator will wait for one apnea delay
period (as set on the back of the machine) then deliver 2 TCPL breaths at the set
inspiratory time and pressure with maximum delay of 10 seconds between
breaths. Both visual and audible alarms will be activated.
The apnea alarm remains active until spontaneous breathing resumes, at which
time the apnea alarm resets. When this happens the audible alarm will be
silenced but the visual indicator will remain lit until the visual reset button is
pushed. This alerts the clinician that an apnea event has occurred.
If the ventilator recognizes a spontaneous breath before the initiation of the
second mechanical breath the above alarm conditions will occur and the second
breath will not be delivered.
SSIIMMVV//PPSSVV
SIMV/PSV allows for a combination of mechanical and spontaneous breath
types. Mechanical breaths are delivered at the set ventilator rate while all other
breaths are spontaneous.
Mechanical breaths will be time cycled at the preset Inspiratory Time or volume
cycled when the Volume Limit is reached, whichever occurs first.
All spontaneous breaths will be supported by the ventilator to the preset
Inspiratory Pressure and flow cycled when the inspiratory flow falls to 10% of the
peak Inspiratory flow rate. These breaths may also be time cycled at the preset
Inspiratory Time or volume cycle when the Volume Limit is reached, whichever
occurs first. The Inspiratory Time Display will flash if the breath is terminated
based on time rather than flow.
PPSSVV
When PSV is selected all spontaneous breaths will be supported to the preset
Inspiratory Pressure and flow cycled when the inspiratory flow falls to 10% of the
peak inspiratory flow rate. These breaths can also be time cycled at the preset
Inspiratory Time, or volume cycled when the Volume Limit is reached, whichever
occurs first. The Inspiratory Time Display will flash if the breath is terminated
based on time rather than flow. There is no mandatory breath rate in this mode.
VVOOLLUUMMEE LLIIMMIITT
Volume Limit is a feature that limits the maximum tidal volume of all breaths
delivered by the ventilator. It can be enabled in all modes including CPAP and
PSV providing an added measure of patient safety. The range is 5 to 300 ml.
The Volume Limit LED will display dashes if the flow sensor is absent or disabled.
Silent and Audible modes are available.
Silent Mode
In this mode, all breaths will be limited to the set maximum tidal volume. A visual indicator will show when breaths have been limited.
A
udible Mode
In this mode, an audible tone will be delivered after 5 consecutive volume limited
breaths. For each subsequent volume limited breath, an audible tone will be
delivered.
AASSSSIISSTT SSEENNSSIITTIIVVIITTYY
The Assist Sensitivity control determines the amount of inspiratory effort the
patient must exert to trigger an Assist/Control breath, SIMV breath or to have
spontaneous breaths counted and displayed in the breath rate window. The
Assist Sensitivity feature has an adjustable range of 0.2 lpm to 5.0 L/min.
To correctly set the Assist Sensitivity and determine if a leak is present, turn the
sensitivity knob to the right and note if a Leak Detection LED bar is present to
the left of the Assist Sensitivity LED.
If no Leak Detection LED bar is detected the Assist Sensitivity LED should be
positioned at the minimum setting. If a Leak Detection LED bar is present, showing the presence of a leak, set the Assist Sensitivity LED to the right of this bar.
Optimizing the sensitivity while compensating for leaks may prevent auto cycling.
CCPPAAPP
While in CPAP, only the base flow is active, all breaths are spontaneous and
unassisted. When CPAP is being delivered through an artificial airway (flow sensor must be attached), the sensitivity must be appropriately set in order that
spontaneous breaths are counted and displayed in the Breath Rate display window. Constant airway pressure is maintained throughout the breath cycle based
on the set PEEP/CPAP level.
Setup:
1. Select CPAP mode.
2. Set desired flow rate.
3. Set desired PEEP/CPAP level
4. Adjust the Over Pressure Relief Valve per instructions in User Manual
5. Set Inspiratory Pressure
6. Set High Pressure Limit Alarm
7. Set Low PEEP/CPAP Alarm
8. Set High Breath Rate Alarm
Ventilator controls must be set to appropriate settings for the patient. They are
active when the manual breath button is pushed, or if the apnea alarm threshold
is reached.
L1586 Rev. A 5.02
Controls, Modes and Waveforms
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