Bavaria 36 2010 Information & Operation Manual

Information & operations manual for

Bavaria 36 2010

„Farr Out‟

Welcome

Welcome to Horizon Yacht Charters and your Bavaria 36 “Farr Out”. We hope you had a
pleasant journey and are looking forward to a fantastic holiday and some of the finest sailing in
the world here.

This manual is here to guide you through the in‟s and out‟s of your yacht. Please take the time
to read this manual and don‟t hesitate to ask any of our professional, friendly staff if you have

any questions.

All of the yachts in the Horizon fleet are maintained to the highest standards so that you may
enjoy a trouble free vacation, on a beautiful yacht. Please remember that these yachts are all
privately owned and we ask that you care for it like it was your own.

Best wishes for a great vacation,

Sylvia and Andrew
Directors

Office Hours:

Monday – Sunday 08:30 – 17:30
Telephone: [phone]
Duty Manager: [phone] (Emergency Only)

Contents

1. Yacht specifications

2. 12 volt panel and 110 volt breakers

3. Inverter

4. Engine start procedures

5. Daily engine checks

6. Instruments

7. VHF radio

8. Batteries / Battery Switches

9. Anchoring and using the windlass

10. Picking up a mooring buoy

11. Bilge pumps

12. Fresh water system

13. Heads

14. Showers

15. Refrigeration

16. Using the stove and propane

17. The BBQ

18. Fire safety

19. The dinghy and outboard

20. Swim Ladder

21. Trouble shooting guide

1. Yacht Specifications

Length 37‟ 1”
Beam 12' 3”
Draft 6‟ 3”
Fuel 40 gallons
Water 96 gallons
Engine 27 hp Volvo Penta

Location of:
Fresh water refill (port transom) (bow)

Diesel refill (starboard transom)

Manual bilge pump (in cockpit)

Propane tank (port cockpit)

Windlass breaker (behind port saloon seating)

Emergency fuel shut-off (Aft, stbd cabin under bunk)

2. The 12 volt panel

Use the up and down switches to toggle through your water tank gauge and your battery
voltage.

The following functions are available on the 12v panel.

Top row functions from left to right:

Navigation instruments
Auto pilot
Stereo system
Anchor windlass
Primary bilge pump

Middle row functions from left to right:

Fresh water pump
Shower drain
Navigation instrument light
Not in use
Fridge

Bottom row functions from left to right:

F1 – VHF & GPS
F2 – Secondary bilge pump and fridge drain
F3 – Cockpit light
F4 – Not in use
F5 – Not is use

110v breakers

Main breaker,
leave on at all
times

110 volt breakers,
ensure these are on
when using the
110v outlets

Water heater
breaker, leave
this off

The 110 volt outlets will operate whilst you are plugged in to shore power. Farr out is equipped
with a power inverter that enables you to have access to your 110v outlets while away from the
dock. See Section 4 Inverter for details.

Engine Battery Switch

House Battery Switch

3. Inverter

Farr Out is equipped with a built in 1500 watt power inverter that allows you to have access to
110v power outlets when you are not connected to shore power. There is a remote switch
located next to the chart table that enables you to turn the inverter on.

To avoid additional drain on your batteries while operating electrical appliances, the engine
should be turned on and revved up to 1400 rpm.

4. Engine start procedures.

Ignition button

Glow button

Make sure engine is in neutral.
Press the ignition switch then press the start button until you hear the engine running.
When the engine is running check to make sure you have water coming out of the exhaust.
To stop the engine press the stop button until the engine has stopped.
An alarm will sound after you stop the engine. Press the ignition once more to turn off the

ignition

Stop button

Start button

Should you hear an engine alarm during operation, check the tachometer to identify
the reason for the alarm (over heating/oil pressure etc) immediately shut down the
engine-CALL HORIZON

All our yacht engines run with diesel fuel. There is a diesel filler cap on the transom

which is clearly marked “DIESEL”…. DO NOT PUT WATER IN HERE.

5. Daily Engine Checks

Oil dip stick
Sea water strainer

Coolant reservoir
and refill

Fan belt

Oil refill

Check the oil level using the yellow dip stick located to the left rear of the engine. The level

should be at least halfway between the empty and full marks. To add oil open the oil filler cap
on the top of the engine.

To the rear of the engine is the seawater filter.
To the front right of the engine is the engine coolant reservoir. The coolant level should be

between the maximum and minimum lines.

Check for any engine leaks or bilge water below engine.
Check the belt for any damage and correct tension.

KEEP HANDS CLEAR OF ALL MOVING PARTS.

ANY PROBLEMS CALL HORIZON

6. Instruments

Farr Out is equipped with the following instruments on board:

Located at the helm is a Raymarine ST70 tri data, and auto pilot with wind indicator. There is
also a ship‟s compass located at the helm. Below at the nav station is a Garmin 421 GPS

7. VHF Procedures

Using the VHF radio:

Familiarize yourself with the method for switching channels, and with the squelch and volume
controls on your radio. Most radios have a button to instantly select Channel 16 – ensure you
understand how this operates or you could end up speaking on Ch. 16 when you think you are
on some other channel.

1. Make sure the radio is switched on, volume quite high, power to high unless the station you

are calling is very close.

2. Squelch up until loud hissing, and then back a little until the noise just stops.

3. Select the channel for calling (Channel 16, unless specified otherwise).

4. Press switch on microphone when speaking. Release immediately.

If no response then wait two minutes and repeat the call. If still no response, wait a further two
minutes before trying again. If calling on Channel 16, it is very important to switch to a working
channel after the contact is established. Do no use Channel 16 for your conversations – this
channel is for hailing and distress only.

Channels to use:

16 Hailing and Distress
74 Contact Horizon Yacht Charters (when in range)
12 Yacht Charter Companies working channel – assigned for yacht breakdown servicing and

emergency only
68 Marinas and Yacht Clubs – for lunch/dinner reservations etc
06 Ship to Ship – along with Channel 68 and 77 can be used for contact between boats
CH/WX 06 for local marine forecast

In the event that your vessel is involved in a non-life threatening incident with an object or with
another vessel, it is important that you contact the Horizon Office immediately at 494 8787 or
340 8786. Please remember to get as much information as possible about your location, the

other vessel‟s description and what damage has been done to your vessel so that we can best

assist you.

Failure to report any accidents or incidents in a timely manner may result in

nullification of your hull damage insurance.

Types of emergency:

In the unlikely event that you are involved in an emergency stay calm and follow these steps.
You will also have an Emergency Procedure card next to your VHF.

Distress: “MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY.” This is an International Distress signal and an
imperative call for assistance. It is used only when a life or vessel is considered to be in grave
and imminent danger.

Mayday Relay: used to summon help for a vessel which is either too far offshore to contact the
coastguard directly, without radio capabilities or whose radio has been damaged or destroyed.

Urgency: “PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN” This is the International Urgency Signal and is used
when a vessel or person is in some jeopardy but is not considered to be in grave and imminent
danger.

Medical emergency: “PAN-PAN MEDICO, PAN-PAN MEDICO, PAN-PAN MEDICO” (Pronounced
med-ick-oh). This is an International Urgency Signal that should be used when medical advice is
needed.

Safety: “SECURITE, SECURITE, SECURITE” (Pronounced Say-cure-it-tay). This is an
International Safety Signal and is a message about some aspect of navigational safety or a
weather warning.

How to issue an emergency message

Select Channel 16 and press transmit button on handset

Say slowly and clearly „MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, CALLING ALL STATIONS

This is…. (vessel name)….‟ and repeat vessel name 3 times

Give position – vessel‟s position in degrees of latitude and longitude or nautical miles from, and

bearing to, a navigational landmark

Describe emergency – list the problem, the type of assistance needed; number of passengers

aboard (boat length, hull colour and type is also useful)

Wait 1 minute for a response, repeat message

ALTERNATIVELY: Dial either 767(SOS) or 999 from any BVI cell phone or call 494­HELP (4357)

8. Batteries / Battery switches

The systems on your yacht are all 12volt. The batteries will need to be recharged as often as you
deplete them. Conserving power will result in less time needed for charging, so turn off systems
that are not being used.
Your batteries will charge when the engine is running at 1400rpms or more, whether sitting at a
mooring or motoring to a destination. Check the battery levels and make note of them before
charging.
Run the engine at 1400rpms or more for a minimum of 1-1 1/2hrs twice daily.
Shut the motor off. Wait 15 minutes before checking the battery levels, (directly after turning off
the motor they will remain in an excited state for about 10 minutes).
The House system should come to rest at 12.8 v. and then slowly get lower. When the system
gets to 12.2 you should start planning to re-charge the batteries soon.
Farr Out has two battery systems which are isolated from each other. The house batteries have
a capacity of 430Ahrs. The batteries are located under the port salon cushions.

The DC main breaker is located on the port side next to the chart table and the battery breaker
is located on the port side of the companion way.

DC Main Battery Switch Engine Battery Switch

9. Anchoring & the windlass

Setting your anchor:
Preparation:

Establish a non verbal communication system from bow to stern, as with the noise of the

engine and wind, verbal communication proves difficult.

Tie the dinghy painter close to the boat at the bow or amidships to avoid wrapping it around

the prop.

Location:

Choose a clear area to anchor in, normally in 12 to 15 feet. A white bottom is sand and

perfect for anchoring. A brown or green bottom will be grass, rock or coral. Only anchor in
sand.

Make sure that you are not on a lee shore; i.e. that the land mass is protecting you from the

elements and that you are not being pushed onto the shore. A lee shore is the most

dangerous place to anchor your yacht.

Action:

Manually lift the anchor over the bow roller and feed the chain so the anchor is just above the

water surface.

Use the elements; approach from down wind or current, whichever prevails.
Once the yacht is stationary use the electric windlass to drop the anchor. The elements will

push you back and away from the anchor.

Minimum scope is 5:1. In heavy weather you may want to increase that, always ensuring

your swing area is clear of any obstacles.

Engage reverse, slowly building up to 1500 rpm to really drive your hook into the sand.
Once set, put the engine in neutral and allow the yacht to settle, take transits around the bay

to ensure you are not dragging, it is always advisable to snorkel the anchor and ensure it is
bedded in correctly and not just lying on its side.

Attaching the snubbing line:

Once you are happy that the anchor is set you must attach the snubbing line. The snubbing

line protects the windlass and it is important that you attach the snubber every time you set
the anchor.

Attach the hook around the chain link (the hook is too big to go though the link) and cleat off

the bitter end of the line to a bow cleat. Pay out enough chain so that the snubbing line
becomes taut.

If the hook falls of the chain it means that there is not enough tension on the line. In this

case re-attach the hook and pay out more chain until the line is once again taut.

Setting a secondary anchor:

If a second anchor is required, e.g. you are anchoring in a mooring field and need to control

your swing room, deploy the primary as above and attach the secondary at the bow. Drive
the boat forward at a 45 degree angle to the primary. Once in line with the primary deploy
the secondary and allow the elements to push you back. Increase astern to 1500 rpm to
drive in the secondary. Snorkel over the anchor to ensure a good hold.

There is a high amperage fuse that will blow if the windlass gets overloaded. The fuse is located
on the port side of the salon, behind the back rest of the salon cushion. There are two large
fuses next to each other; the anchor windlass fuse is the smaller of the two and is 63 amps.

You can tell if the fuse is blown by the tab that pops up. Compare the fuse you have removed
with the one in the chart table. To replace, first turn windlass switch off on the 12v panel, pull
the blown fuse straight out and replace with the new one that is located in the chart table.

If you have any doubts or concerns, please call Horizon first. Before replacing the fuse,
however, ensure that the windlass breaker on the 12v panel is switched on, and that the green
light is not illuminated. If it is illuminated, this indicates that the fuse is NOT blown, and that the
yacht battery power is too low to run the windlass. Please run the engine @1500 rpm for 15
min, and try again. If the windlass still refuses to operate, please call horizon.

Manual operation of the windlass

If you lose power to your windlass, start the engine and give it some revs, to make sure you
have not just got a low battery voltage. Then make sure the windlass breaker with the anchor

icon is in the „on‟ position on the 12 volt panel. If there is still no power, check the location of

the windlass fuse in this manual, and replace it with the spare in your navigation table. If you
still have no power, you can operate the windlass manually.

To drop the anchor, insert the windlass handle into the star fitting on the right side of the
windlass.

Continue to pull back on the windlass handle, so that the brake cap loosens.

Your anchor is now ready to drop.

Remove the safety line or safety pin, and push the anchor over the bow, keeping hands and feet
clear. Control the rate the chain pays out by tightening or loosening the brake with the windlass
handle.

When you have paid out sufficient chain – 5 to 8 times the water depth, push the handle forward
to tighten the brake. Increase revs to 1500 rpm, to set the anchor. If you drag, pay out more
chain, and re-try 1500 rpm in reverse. When the anchor is set, fit the snubbing line, and cleat it
off, then release the chain on the gypsy as above, so that the load is taken up on the snubbing
line.

10. Picking up a mooring buoy

Ensure the dinghy painter is tied off short on the bow or amidships and is clear of the prop.
Approach the mooring buoy, keeping the bow into the wind or current, whichever prevails.
Have a crew member on the bow to pick up the mooring pennant with the boat hook.
The bowman will direct the helmsman to the mooring, using the already established non

verbal communication system. Once at the mooring, inspect the buoy and pennant for any

signs of wear and tear; if you are unsure about a mooring buoy‟s integrity, choose another

location to moor up.

The bowman should ready a line to a bow cleat to slip through the eye of the mooring

pennant. This line is then shortened and brought back to the same cleat.

Once set your mooring buoy will be attached either on the port or starboard cleat and the

yacht will be head to wind. Remember to centralize the wheel and lock in place to avoid the
yacht sailing around the buoy.

Next attach a second back up line directly to the mooring ball. There will be a metal ring at

the top of the ball or a shackle just under the ball. Attach a line from the opposite bow cleat
and if possible run the line through the ring or shackle and back to the cleat. It is always
easier to do this from the dinghy. Do not try to make the lines of equal length, the first line
should be taking all the weight of the boat.

To depart, release the back up line first. Slowly motor the boat forward to create slack,

release the line from the cleat and allow the pennant to slip from the line into the water. Fall
back with the wind or current, and be careful not to foul your prop on the pennant.

Remember to tie your dinghy away from the stern whenever you are maneuvering

in close quarters.

11. Bilge Pumps

Your yacht is equipped with one manual and two electric bilge pumps. The primary electric pump
is automatic. The secondary electric pump is operated by a switch, F2 on the 12v panel which
also doubles as the fridge drain. The manual pump is located in the cockpit and the handle will
be pointed out to you during your briefing.

12. Fresh water system

Farr Out has a water capacity of 96 gallons shared between two tanks.
Before filling the tank let the water run from the hose for a while before placing the end into the
filler that is located on the transom and the bow. Please ensure that the correct fillers are used,
NOT the holding tanks or the diesel fill.

To use the fresh water system, turn on the fresh water breaker on the 12v panel and open a
faucet. When a tank runs out of water, the pump will run at high speed and the faucet will start
to cough air. As soon as you hear the pump running continuously, check to see if anyone is
using water. If not, switch off the pump immediately to prevent the pump from drawing more air
into the system or the pump overheating.

We have installed a second, spare, fresh water pump to cut down any delays to your charter due
to a pump break down. Do not switch pumps unless you have talked to one of our staff about
how this is done. Use the menu key on the 12v panel to confirm if your tank is empty.

Menu Key Water tank change over valve

To switch tanks:

Switch off water pump
Select the next full tank: the lever is located under the sink in the head.
The lever is not „on‟ or „off‟ – it has two positions (horizontal and vertical) that select one or

other tank. After selecting required tank:

Switch on water pump.
Open cold water faucet at galley and purge system of air, approx. 45 seconds
Turn off faucet, pump will continue to run until adequate pressure has built up to operate

pressure switch to cut the pump out.

If pump does not cut out, it may be necessary to repeat the purging process and open other

faucets

If you have any problems, call Horizon.

13. Heads

Nothing is to be put down the head unless it has been digested first.
Prior to use, move the lever to wet bowl to add water - 4/6 pumps.
Pump out waste in the wet bowl position; this must be done when you are more than 1000

yards off shore.

After the bowl has been cleared of it‟s contents, an additional 20 – 25 pulls on „wet‟ bowl will

flush the bowl and pipes and will keep your heads smelling fresh.

Move lever back to dry bowl and pump the bowl and pipes dry, the lever must be left in dry

bowl as leaving it in wet bowl will ingress water.

Wherever possible please use the heads ashore as this keeps our waters nice and clean.

Blocked heads will be cleared at a cost to you of $120.00 sewage fee, plus a

technician‟s fee of $60 per hour and the call out fee.

14. Showers

Your yacht has a hot & cold, fresh-water shower in each head and on the transom.

If the engine has been running, the hot water can be very hot – be cautious!

In order to use the showers, the fresh-water pump must be activated on the 12V panel. There
is also a shower-drain pump switch on the 12v panel. Switch this on also.

To operate the shower-drain pump, there is a black push button on the sink which you will need
to hold in to drain the water.

Transom Shower

The valve on the right has two functions:

By turning the knob clockwise and counter clockwise you can Adjust the temperature of the

water. Be careful. The water can be very hot. Test before showering.

By pushing the valve perpendicular to its long axis you can change the water pressure. In

this picture you would move it to the left and right.

To use the shower head simply pull it out and press the button on the back. If no water comes
out make sure that the 12V water switch is on, that the shower hose is not kinked (access from
aft cabin, same side as shower) and that the water pressure valve is in the correct position.

15. Refrigeration

The system on this boat is an upgraded 12v refrigerator. This system is designed to run 24hrs a
day if you wish. To ensure that it does not fail there are two things you should do.

Firstly, keep your batteries charged. If the level goes below 12v the system will malfunction.

Refer to section 12 for charging instructions.

Secondly, do not puncture the cold plate in your fridge! Do not chip at the ice or use any

other sharp items in the fridge. If something is frozen to the side of the fridge do not force it
away. Poor warm water on it if you need to melt the ice.

There is a thermostat in the fridge. It is a white dial with numbers on it going from 1-7. Putting
7 at the apex of the dial is the coldest setting. Keep it on this setting until it is too cold. Then

you can turn the system down or off if you wish. Or if it is not cold enough…augment the system

with ice.

Ask one of our staff for a deck cooler if you would like one for storing your drinks. It will keep
the drinks cooler and the refrigeration colder, as people will not be going in it every 5 minutes
for a drink.

Please note that we are in the tropics and we cannot guarantee that items will remain frozen
when placed in the fridge and that fruit, vegetables and other fresh produce may have a
shortened shelf life.

The fridge can be drained by selecting the F2 button (2nd bilge pump/fridge drain) on the 12v
panel. There is a yellow valve behind the backrest in the salon on the starboard side. This valve
allows you to select draining the bilge or draining the fridge.

For safety purposes, always leave the handle on the bilge position and move the handle to fridge
drain when draining the icebox. After draining the icebox, return the handle to the bilge position.

16. Propane and stove

The propane tank locker is located in the cockpit at the helm seat on the port side.

To use:

Press the valve on/off button on the automatic valve control. This opens the solenoid on the

propane tank.

To light the stove, push the knob in, turn the knob you want 90 degrees counter-clockwise,

and light the burner (to light oven put the flame in the tube that is inside/center bottom).

Hold the knob in for 10-15 seconds, then release. Make sure that the flame goes all the way

around. Reduce any wind that may hinder this.

If you cannot get the burner lit, check the manual shut offs - there are two. One on the

propane tank and one in the galley under the shelf above the stove. Make sure these are
both open and try again.

The 12v solenoid system is USCG approved device. You do not need to shut any manual valves
off unless you wish.

Farr Out is fitted with a Xintex S-1A Propane detector and Control System. This device will
detect propane and any other noxious gas or fume. The propane „sniffer‟ has been placed in the
bilge (propane is heavier than oxygen and will sink into the bilge). The detectors are sensitive
to several types of gas and will trigger the alarm. The alarm can also be triggered if there is
moisture in the bilge. If the alarm sounds it does not necessarily mean that the propane system
is leaking, so don‟t panic!!

In the event that the alarm goes off follow these steps:

Close the valve on the propane tank.
Check the stove and surrounding area for propane smell.
If detected, open up the bilges and hatches. Point the boat downwind and use the manual

bilge pump to pump out the bilges.

Call Horizon immediately

Under no circumstances should you use the electrical bilge pumps or any other

electrical system if you suspect a gas leak.

17. BBQ

When using the BBQ, tie your dinghy off at the side of the yacht, not off the stern
Never use the BBQ while sailing
Never use the BBQ on a dock
Never change propane tanks when using the BBQ
Make sure someone is always tending the BBQ when hot
Call us if you have too much food

18. Fire Safety

Prevention is the best answer to fire safety.

Always switch off the safety solenoid when stove is not in use
Never leave the stove or oven burning unattended.
Never change propane tanks whilst barbequing.
Never smoke below decks.
Never smoke when changing propane tanks.
Safely store any flammable liquids (for example charcoal lighter fuel).
Keep matches away from children.

Engine compartment fire:

In the event of a fire in the engine compartment use the fire
extinguisher positioned closest to the companionway hatch steps and
position the mouth of the extinguisher to the fire hole.

Pull the yellow key out
Press down on the red button until all the contents of the

extinguisher have been discharged.

Do not open the engine compartment even if you think the fire has

been extinguished, dying embers can easily be re-ignited by a

fresh supply of oxygen (air).

Open fire:

Pull out the yellow safety tab.
Point the extinguisher at the base of

the fire and press down on the red button to discharge contents.

Generously cover the base of the fire and surrounding area to

ensure the fire is under control and cannot spread. Continue
discharging extinguisher until the fire is out.

Galley fire:

Take the fire blanket out of its container.

Read the instructions for use carefully.

Ensure hands and limbs are protected from

the fire by the blanket.

Carefully lay the blanket over the fire, laying the blanket away from you

and keeping yourself protected at all times from the flames.

Once in place leave the blanket until all heat has gone from the scene of

the fire, this way you can be sure that the fire has definitely gone out and
will not re-ignite.

Smoke alarm:

There is a battery operated smoke alarm mounted in the galley. This alarm will be triggered

by smoke caused by cooking or burnt toast. Opening a hatch to allow ventilation will
minimize triggering the alarm. For safety purposes, the 9v battery should not be removed
from the smoke alarm.

19. Dinghy & Outboard

The driver of the dinghy must be over 18, and must at all times be wearing the kill
cord. Never operate the dinghy under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

Always tow your dinghy on a short line while motoring and a long line while sailing, always

tow with the engine leg up as it gives you an extra half knot.

Most of the time it is fine to leave the outboard on the dinghy, but if conditions are very rough,

the outboard needs to be mounted on the push-pit.

When going ashore for an evenings entertainment allocate a dinghy captain, someone who will

bring the whole crew back to the boat safely, allowing the rest of the crew to enjoy various
local cocktails and concoctions.

To start the engine, lower the motor into the water using the lever on the starboard side of the

engine. The lever position corresponds to the motor position, up and fwd for towing and back
and down for driving. Check you are in neutral and the safety cord is in place. For starting
an engine that has been at rest for 3 or more hrs use the choke. Pull the choke out, and set a
few revs with the throttle. Do not twist the throttle trying to prime the engine. You will only
flood it. Face the engine and pull the start cord and push the choke back in as soon as it runs.
If it runs for a second but cuts out, try again without the choke.

To stop the engine, press the button on top of the kill cord, or pull the kill cord out.
Keep the kill cord with you to prevent anyone from borrowing it. You have been provided a

dinghy lock and cable. Use them.

Do not drag the dinghy onto a beach; anchor it off or put it on a dock with a stern anchor to

prevent damage from going under or hitting the dock.

Do not speed in and around other yachts, speeding fines have been introduced.
At night an all round white light must be displayed along with red & green side lights, and it is

always a good idea to have a flashlight with you, to show the way, and warn other vessels of
your presence.

Wear the life preservers provided in the cockpit lockers when in the dinghy.
GAS to OIL ratio, 1 Gall = 3 ounces.

Pull cord

Gear Shift

Choke
Throttle

Stop button

Lever to lower
and lift
outboard

Kill Cord

Fuel tank

Fuel vent – make
sure this is
slightly open at all
times

Fuel line
connection;
make sure this
is securely
attached

20. Swim Ladder

Farr out is equipped with a retractable transom that also doubles as a transom seat when
the transom is closed. There is a removable swim ladder that is stowed in the port cockpit
locker. While under sail, the transom should remain closed and secure. After you have
gotten to your anchorage feel free to deploy the transom for easy access to your dinghy,
swimming or snorkeling. There is a lanyard attached to the swim ladder that enables you
to secure the ladder while in use.

Always use the safety lanyard while using the swim ladder to prevent losing the ladder
overboard.