Page 1
Universal network-enabled automation
interface for home automation, commercial
control, and monitoring applications
This Manual Describes: Barionet 100 (Original Barionet) Firmware Version: 3.02
Barionet 50 Firmware Version 2.01
Released January 17, 2013
BARIONET
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 What is the Barionet? ......................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Barionet Applications ......................................................................................................... 5
1.3 About This Manual ............................................................................................................. 6
1.3.1 Notes, Warnings, and Cautions .................................................................... 6
1.4 Chapter Overview ............................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Additional documents ........................................................................................................ 8
1.6 Getting Support .................................................................................................................. 9
2 Accessing and Configuring the Barionet ........................................................................... 10
2.1 Accessing the Barionet for the first time .......................................................................... 10
2.1.1 Connecting to an Ethernet/IP network ....................................................... 10
2.1.2 Supplying Power ......................................................................................... 10
2.1.3 Using the Barionet Discovery Tool ............................................................. 10
2.1.4 Alternatives to the Discovery Tool .............................................................. 11
2.2 Opening the Configuration and Status Web Pages ......................................................... 15
2.3 Using the Home I/O Status and Control Page ................................................................. 16
2.4 Using the Configuration Web Pages ................................................................................ 18
2.4.1 The Network Settings Web Page ................................................................ 18
2.4.2 The Serial Settings Web Page .................................................................... 22
2.4.3 The I/O Settings Web Page ........................................................................ 24
2.4.4 The Control Web Page ............................................................................... 25
2.4.5 The SNMP Web Page ................................................................................. 30
2.4.6 The Time Web Page ................................................................................... 31
2.4.7 The Temperature Web Page ....................................................................... 32
2.4.8 The Security Web Page .............................................................................. 33
3 Hardware Interfaces ............................................................................................................ 35
3.1 Barionet 100 Hardware Interfaces .................................................................................... 35
3.1.1 Barionet Connectors Overview ................................................................... 35
3.1.2 Ethernet Interface: (ETH) ............................................................................. 35
3.1.3 Power Supply Inputs (J6) ............................................................................ 36
3.1.4 RS-232 Serial Interface (J2) ........................................................................ 36
3.1.5 RS-422/485 Serial Interface (J7) ................................................................. 37
3.1.6 Rescue Jumper (J4) .................................................................................... 38
3.1.7 1-Wire® Expansion Port (J5) ...................................................................... 38
3.1.8 Relay Outputs (J3) ...................................................................................... 40
3.1.9 Digital/Analog I/O and Power (J6) ............................................................... 40
3.2 Barionet 50 Hardware Interfaces ...................................................................................... 44
3.2.1 Barionet 50 Connectors Overview .............................................................. 44
3.2.2 Red and Green Status Indicators ............................................................... 45
3.2.3 Ethernet Interface: (J1) ................................................................................ 45
3.2.4 Power (J2) ................................................................................................... 45
3.2.5 RS-232 Serial Interface (J3) ........................................................................ 46
3.2.6 RS-485 Serial Interface (J4) ........................................................................ 46
3.2.7 RS-485 Termination (S1) ............................................................................. 47
3.2.8 Relay Outputs (J5) ...................................................................................... 47
3.2.9 1-Wire® Port (J6) ........................................................................................ 48
3.2.10 Inputs (J7) ................................................................................................... 49
3.2.11 Input Ground (J8) ........................................................................................ 49
3.2.12 RS-485 Expansion Port (J10) ...................................................................... 49
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4 Software Interfaces .............................................................................................................. 50
4.1 Built-in Web Server (HTTP) .............................................................................................. 50
4.1.1 Web Server CGI .......................................................................................... 51
4.2 ASCII Command Protocol ................................................................................................ 54
4.2.1 Command Format ....................................................................................... 54
4.2.2 ASCII Commands ....................................................................................... 55
4.2.3 Unsolicited State Change Messages .......................................................... 56
4.2.4 Getting Started with the ASCII Command Protocol ................................... 57
4.3 SNMP ............................................................................................................................... 58
4.4 Syslog ............................................................................................................................... 59
4.5 Modbus/TCP .................................................................................................................... 59
4.6 Modbus via RS-485 .......................................................................................................... 60
4.7 Serial Gateway Function .................................................................................................. 61
5 Creating Custom Applications & Web Pages .................................................................... 62
5.1 Development Process Overview ...................................................................................... 62
5.2 Creating Custom HTML Pages ........................................................................................ 63
5.2.1 Barix Dynamic Tags .................................................................................... 64
5.2.2 Password Protecting Custom HTML Pages ............................................... 71
5.3 Creating Custom BCL Applications ................................................................................. 72
5.3.1 Creating and Editing a BCL File .................................................................. 72
5.3.2 The Tokenizer ............................................................................................. 72
5.4 Loading Custom Web Pages and BCL Applications ....................................................... 73
5.4.1 Creating a COB Package File ..................................................................... 73
5.4.2 Uploading the COB File .............................................................................. 74
5.4.3 The Barionet Memory Map ......................................................................... 75
5.5 Development Tools and Scripts Summary ....................................................................... 76
5.5.1 Windows Tools and Batch Files ................................................................. 77
5.5.2 Macintosh OS-X Tools and Scripts ............................................................ 78
5.5.3 Linux Tools and Scripts .............................................................................. 79
6 The Sample Digital I/O and Serial Tunnel Application ...................................................... 80
6.1 The Application Setup Screen .......................................................................................... 80
6.1.1 Setting up the Serial Tunnel ........................................................................ 81
6.1.2 Setting up the I/O Tunnel ............................................................................ 81
6.2 The Sample Application Source Code ............................................................................. 82
7 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................... 83
7.1 Common Problems and Solutions ................................................................................... 83
7.2 Using Syslog Messages ................................................................................................... 84
7.2.1 Barionet Internal Syslog Messages ............................................................ 85
7.2.2 BCL Error Syslog Messages ....................................................................... 86
7.2.3 User-generated Syslog Messages .............................................................. 86
7.3 Rebooting the Barionet .................................................................................................... 86
7.3.1 Rebooting from the Configuration Web Page ............................................. 87
7.3.2 Rebooting using the Hardware Jumper (J9) ............................................... 87
7.4 Resetting to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................... 88
7.4.1 Resetting Using the Configuration Web Page ............................................ 88
7.4.2 Resetting Using the Reset Jumper (Barionet 50 Only) ............................... 88
7.4.3 Resetting Using a Serial Cable and Terminal Program (Barionet 100 Only)89
7.5 The Serial Rescue Procedure ........................................................................................... 90
7.5.1 Null Modem Cable Wiring ........................................................................... 90
7.5.2 Identifying the Serial Port ............................................................................ 91
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7.5.3 Barionet 50 Serial Rescue Procedure ......................................................... 92
7.5.4 Barionet 100 Serial Rescue Procedure ....................................................... 93
8 Updating Barionet Firmware ............................................................................................... 95
8.1 Checking the Firmware Version ....................................................................................... 95
8.2 Updating the Barionet 100 Firmware ............................................................................... 96
8.2.1 Updating the Barionet 100 via the Network ............................................... 96
8.2.2 Updating the Barionet via the Serial Rescue Procedure ............................ 96
8.3 Updating the Barionet 50 Firmware ................................................................................. 97
8.3.1 Updating the Barionet 50 via the Network ................................................. 97
8.3.2 Using the Advanced Update Process ......................................................... 98
8.3.3 Updating the Barionet 50 with the Serial Rescue Process ......................... 99
Appendix A I/O Addressing ................................................................................................. 101
A.1 Universal Analog/Digital Inputs ...................................................................................... 101
A.2 Virtual I/O ........................................................................................................................ 101
A.3 Input Pulse Counters ...................................................................................................... 101
A.4 Using the I/O Addresses ................................................................................................ 102
A.5 Barionet 100 I/O Address Table ..................................................................................... 103
A.6 Barionet 50 I/O Address Table ....................................................................................... 105
Appendix B Configuration and Setup Memory Layout ..................................................... 106
B.1 The Setup Memory Map Tables ..................................................................................... 106
B.2 Barionet 100 Setup Memory Layout .............................................................................. 107
B.3 Barionet 50 Setup Memory Layout ................................................................................ 109
Appendix C Accessories ...................................................................................................... 111
C.1 Barix TS Temperature Sensors ...................................................................................... 111
C.2 Barix X8 Expansion Module ........................................................................................... 112
C.3 Barix IO12 Expansion Module ........................................................................................ 113
C.4 Barix R6 Relay Expansion Module ................................................................................. 114
Appendix D Mounting the Barionet .................................................................................... 115
Appendix E Glossary ............................................................................................................ 116
Appendix F Specifications & Warranty .............................................................................. 119
Appendix G IP Addresses, Netmasks and Gateways ....................................................... 122
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1 Introduction
1.1 What is the Barionet?
The Barionet from Barix is family of programmable network-enabled automation controllers
for interfacing a wide variety of devices and systems to IP-based networks in home and
industrial automation applications. With the Barionet, most devices can be networkenabled for monitoring and control via a web browser as well as other standards-based
automation systems, such as SNMP and Modbus.
The Barionet provides a variety of standard hardware and software interfaces as well as
general-purpose inputs and outputs for control and monitoring applications.
Two Barionet models are currently available—the Barionet 100 (the original Barionet) and
the new Barionet 50. The two models differ primarily in the number of inputs and outputs
provided.
The Barionet 100 provides:
• 4 digital outputs
• 4 analog or digital inputs
• 4 digital inputs
• 2 relay outputs
• RS-422/485 serial interface
• Wiegand reader Interface
The Barionet 50 provides:
• 4 relay outputs
• 4 dry contact inputs
• RS-485 serial interface
Both the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50 provide:
• 10/100 Mb auto-sensing Ethernet port
• Integrated web server
• RS-232 serial interface
• Dallas Semiconductor 1-wire® interface with built-in support for temperature sensors.
• Support for Modbus/TCP, SNMP, CGI, HTTP and other standard protocols.
• Barix proprietary dynamic tags for creating custom web pages to display status
information.
• Programmability via BASIC-like Barix Control Language (BCL).
• Support for control of external Modbus devices via BCL code.
Barix also offers a variety of I/O expansion modules that can be connected to the Barionet
using the RS-485 port for additional I/O capability. Other manufacturers I/O modules and
smart sensors can be controlled using the Modbus protocol via the RS-485 port.
1.2 Barionet Applications
Applications for the Barionet are as varied as your imagination. These are just a few simple
application ideas:
• Industrial control and monitoring, such as temperature and voltage monitoring, with
alarms via email and/or SNMP if voltages or temperatures fall outside an acceptable
range.
• Home automation for control of thermostats and lighting as well as web-based remote
status monitoring.
• Web-enabling devices with RS-232 or Modbus interfaces for remote control and access.
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 50 Only
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• The Barionet has a built-in serial gateway function that allows you to control an RS-232
device over a TCP/IP network.
• A sample BCL application ships with the Barionet that mimics digital inputs on one
Barionet on the digital outputs of a second Barionet connected by a TCP/IP network.
• Access control and security systems driving horns or lights via relay outputs and
providing alarm messages via email or SNMP.
• Remote data collection and logging for digital and analog inputs.
1.3 About This Manual
This manual is intended for Barionet users and developers. The hardware interfaces
chapter assumes basic electronics knowledge, and the software interface chapter assumes
some familiarity with internet protocols and HTML. You can use the Barionet without
advanced electronics or software experience, but interfacing the Barionet to external
devices and creating custom applications may require additional skills.
Barix is committed to helping you be successful with the Barionet, so we provide a variety
of technical resources in addition to this manual. These resources are listed later in this
chapter.
This manual describes both the Barionet 50 and the Barionet 100.
Where the manual describes a function or feature that is specific to the original Barionet
(now called the Barionet 100), this symbol appears in the left margin.
Where the manual describes a function or feature that is specific to the Barionet 50, this
symbol appears in the left margin.
Note
The original Barionet (now called the Barionet 100) is often
referred to without the model number. When the new
Barionet 50 was introduced, the original Barionet was
renamed the Barionet 100. However, some of the older
materials still refer to the original model as the Barionet. For
the sake of clarity within this manual, when we refer to the
specific Barionet models we will use "Barionet 50" and
"Barionet 100". Where we use the term "Barionet" without a
model designation, we are referring to the product family
and describing characteristics of both models.
This manual assumes the following firmware versions are installed in the Barionet 50 and
Barionet 100:
Barionet 100 Firmware: V3.02
Barionet 50 Firmware: V2.0
For instructions on updating the firmware in your Barionet, please refer to Chapter 8.
For the installation of the Barionet please refer to the corresponding “Quick Install Guide”.
A printed version is included in the box and can also be downloaded from our web site at
www.barix.com.
1.3.1 Notes, Warnings, and Cautions
Throughout this manual, you will find paragraphs that have a special boxed heading of
either "Note", "Warning" or "Caution". These paragraphs contain important information
defined by the heading.
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 50 Only
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Note
Note paragraphs describe information that is important for
the reader to understand to avoid functional or procedural
problems, but the information does not pose a significant
risk of damage to the product or personal injury.
Caution
Caution paragraphs describe information that is important
for the reader to understand to avoid potential damage to
equipment.
Warning
Warning paragraphs describe information that is critical for
the reader to understand and abide by to avoid the risk of
personal injury.
1.4 Chapter Overview
1.4.1.1 Chapter 1: Introduction
You are currently reading the introduction chapter.
1.4.1.2 Chapter 2: Accessing and Configuring the Barionet
This chapter helps you get started with accessing the Barionet via a web browser and
describes the use of the built-in configuration and status web pages. It also describes each
of the configuration screens and settings in detail.
1.4.1.3 Chapter 3: Hardware Interfaces
The Hardware Interfaces chapter focuses on information required to connect the Barionet
to external devices, such as switches, relays, lamps, etc. This chapter describes the
Barionet hardware interfaces as well as considerations for connecting external devices to
the inputs and outputs of the Barionet and provides simple schematics for suggested
configurations. Separate sections are devoted to the Hardware interfaces for each Barionet
model.
1.4.1.4 Chapter 4: Software Interfaces
Chapter 4 looks at each of the software interfaces that the Barionet provides and helps you
choose the software interfaces that best suit your application. The chapter begins with a
summary table of all the software interfaces and then goes on to describe each one in more
detail.
1.4.1.5 Chapter 5: Creating Custom Applications & Web Pages
This chapter provides an overview of the Barionet's features for developing custom web
pages and applications. The process for uploading customized web pages and BCL
applications is also discussed. Detailed information on the BCL language is provided in a
separate manual, the Barix Control Language (BCL) Programmers Manual. The BCL
Programmers manual is available for downloading from the Barix web site.
1.4.1.6 Chapter 6: The Sample Digital I/O and Serial Tunnel Application
The Barionet comes pre-loaded with a sample BCL application and a custom application
configuration page for the sample application. The source BCL code for the application and
the HTML source for the configuration page are both provided in the development kit,
which is available for download from the Barix web site. This chapter describes the
functionality of the sample application and its configuration page. You can use the sample
application as is, or you can use the BCL code and custom HTML pages as an example for
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creating your own applications and custom pages. The complete source for the sample
application is supplied in the Update, Rescue and Development Kit, which is available for
download on the Barix web site.
1.4.1.7 Chapter 7: Troubleshooting
This chapter discusses procedures for troubleshooting and debugging Barionet
applications. Procedures for rebooting the Barionet, resetting to factory defaults, using
SYSLOG messages for debugging, and the serial rescue procedure are discussed.
1.4.1.8 Chapter 8: Updating Barionet Firmware
This chapter provides detailed instructions for updating the Barionet 50 and Barionet 100
firmware.
1.4.1.9 Appendix A: I/O Addressing
Appendix A provides a concise reference to the I/O addressing scheme in the Barionet.
These I/O addresses are used in custom HTML tags, BCL applications, and Modbus/TCP
commands.
1.4.1.10 Appendix B: Configuration and Setup Memory Layout
This appendix provides a quick reference for the layout of the configuration and setup
memory, including space available for user configuration parameters.
1.4.1.11 Appendix C: Accessories
Appendix C lists and briefly describes accessories available from Barix for the Barionet
1.4.1.12 Appendix D: Mounting the Barionet
Appendix D describes physical mounting considerations for the Barionet.
1.4.1.13 Appendix E: Glossary
Appendix E is a glossary of terms used throughout this manual. Many of the terms in the
text are linked directly to a definition in the glossary in the PDF version of the manual.
Where a term is linked to a definition in the glossary, it is displayed in underlined dark blue
text.
1.4.1.14 Appendix F: Specifications & Warranty
Appendix F lists the specifications and warranty for the Barionet.
1.4.1.15 Appendix G: IP Addresses, Netmasks and Gateways
Appendix G briefly describes IP addressing and the relationship of net masks to addresses
and the function of the gateway IP address. This appendix discusses IPv4 addresses (and
briefly mentions the differences with IPv6).
1.5 Additional documents
The following additional documents are available from Barix for the Barionet.
1.5.1.1 Barionet Quick Start
This document provides a brief introduction to the Barionet with a quick reference for
interface pins. A printed copy of this guide ships with each Barionet and the document is
also available for download at: http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/ Each
Barionet model has a unique quick start guide.
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1.5.1.2 Barix Control Language Programmer's Manual
For Detailed information on developing custom applications with the Barix Control
Language (BCL), refer to the Barix Control Language (BCL) Programmer's Manual. This
manual is available for download at: http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/
1.5.1.3 I/O Expansion Module Manuals
The manuals for the Barix expansion modules (models IO12, X8, R6) provide information on
connecting and using the expansion modules, including details of Modbus interfacing and
use with the Barionet.
1.6 Getting Support
Barix is committed to helping you succeed with the Barionet. The first line of help should
always be to read the manuals carefully. If after reading the manuals, you are still having
trouble, here are some support resources that should help answer your question:
1.6.1.1 Barionet Distributors
Check with your Barix distributor for technical support resources they offer. A list of
distributors is available on the Barix website. Some of the dealers and distributors
specialize in the Barionet.
1.6.1.2 Barionet Users Forum
The Barionet user's forum brings together new and experienced Barionet users from all
over the world, along with technical support representatives from Barix. Users exchange
information, questions and ideas and Barix support staff answer questions as well. This is a
great resource for learning from others and sharing experience. The forum also provides a
search function that allows you to search for forum posts on a particular topic.
A link to the Barionet User's forum is provided on the Barix support web page at:
http://www.barix.com/Support__FAQs/71/
1.6.1.3 Barix BCL Demo Applications Site
Barix operates a website that allows BCL developers to share the applications they have
developed for Barix hardware. A number of Barix-created demo applications are also
available for download as examples and a starting point for developing your own
applications. You can find this site at:
http://www.bcl-applications.info/
1.6.1.4 Barix Wiki
Barix staff also maintains a wiki for all Barix products, including the Barionet 50 and the
Barionet 100. The Wiki contains information on the features and applications for the
products as well as hints and tricks that may not be included in the manuals.
1.6.1.5 Email Support
You can email a Barix support technician at support@barix.com.
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2 Accessing and Configuring the Barionet
The Barionet includes a built-in web server and comes pre-loaded with web pages that
allow you to configure various settings of the Barionet as well as monitor the status of
inputs and control outputs.
This chapter provides detailed instructions for connecting the Barionet to a network and
accessing the standard status and configuration pages for the first time.
2.1 Accessing the Barionet for the first time
2.1.1 Connecting to an Ethernet/IP network
The first step in preparing to access the Barionet's configuration and status pages is to
connect it to an Ethernet network and assign it an IP address.
The Barionet is equipped with a standard Ethernet 10/100 Mbit, full / half duplex, auto
negotiation interface. Connect the Barionet to an Ethernet network using an RJ-45 Ethernet
cable to a hub or switch. You'll also need a computer connected to the same network. If
you are going to connect the Barionet directly to a computer without a hub or switch, you
must use a "crossover" cable, which is a specially-wired cable available at many
electronics supply stores.
2.1.2 Supplying Power
Before you can access the Barionet's built-in status and configuration web pages, you
must connect the Barionet to an appropriate power source. The Barionet does not come
with a power supply.
The Barionet 50 and Barionet 100 can be operated on any DC power supply with an output
voltage between 9 and 30 volts DC. The overall power consumption is 4 watts maximum
(all relays active).
Please refer to Power Supply Inputs (J6) in Chapter 3 for more details on connecting the
Barionet 100 to a power supply and Power (J2) in Chapter 3 for more details on connecting
the Barionet 50 to a power supply.
2.1.3 Using the Barionet Discovery Tool
The Barionet must have a valid IP address before you can use most of the functions
available via the Ethernet interface. The easiest way to find the Barionet's IP address and/or
change the Barionet's address assignment, is using the Barix Discovery Tool. Other
methods are outlined later in this chapter.
The Discovery tool is supplied with the development and update kits after version 2.30 (for
the Barionet 100) and 1.04 (for the Barionet 50). You can also download it from the Barix
web site at: http://www.barix.com/downloads.
The Discovery tool is written in the Java programming language, so it requires a Java
Runtime Environment (JRE) installed on your computer. If you do not have a JRE installed,
you can download and install it from: http://java.com/en/download/manual.jsp. Java run
time environments are available for all major operating systems. If you are running the
discovery tool on a Linux or UNIX platform, the Discovery tool also requires the X-window
graphical user interface.
The Discovery tool is distributed in a Java Archive (.jar) file. On most operating systems you
can run the discovery tool by simply double-clicking on the discover.jar file. The tool should
start up and the initial screen shown in Figure 1 should appear.
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Figure 1. The Barix Discovery Tool helps to find Barionets on the same local network as the
computer running the tool.
Click the "Get" button to initiate a search. If the Discovery tool finds one or more Barionets
on the network, each device will be listed in the table, including its current IP address, MAC
address (labeled "Ethernet Address" in the Discovery tool), firmware version, and other
information.
The Discovery tool should find any Barionet devices that are on the same network as the
computer running the tool, regardless of their current IP address setting. The tool will not
search through a router to another subnet.
Note
With some versions of Barionet 100 firmware prior to V2.30
or Barionet 50 version 1.04, the Discovery tool will only find
Barionets if they are on the same subnet as the computer
running the discovery tool. For example, with the older
firmware, if the computer is set for IP address 10.0.1.5 and
the Barionet has an IP address of 192.168.0.6, the
Discovery tool will not find the Barionet.
The IP address displayed in the discovery tool may be a dynamic IP address, assigned by a
DHCP server or other automatic address assignment protocol. The Barionet comes from
the factory with the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, which means that it will automatically attempt
to acquire an IP address using one of several methods. See Setting the Barionet IP address
automatically later in this chapter for more information on automatic address assignment.
If the Barionet is configured for automatic IP address assignment (IP address = 0.0.0.0), the
Discovery tool will show the address it's been assigned, not the 0.0.0.0. You can use the
address that appears in the Discovery tool to access the Barionet via a web browser.
However, keep in mind that the IP address may change if the Barionet is rebooted.
You can also set the address in the Discovery Tool by double clicking on the IP address
field of the Barionet you wish to change. When you double click the address field, the IP
address field will become editable. Enter the IP address you want to assign to the Barionet.
Then click "Set". The "Set reply" field should say "No error" if the address assignment was
successful.
If you decide to assign the Barionet a static IP address, you must be sure to use an
address that is outside the range of addresses that are automatically assigned by any
DHCP server on the network. See Setting the Barionet IP address manually later in this
chapter for more information.
If you've been successful at finding and/or setting the IP address of the Barionet with the
discovery tool, you can skip the next few sections and go right to Opening the
Configuration and Status Web Pages later in this chapter.
2.1.4 Alternatives to the Discovery Tool
If you are unable to use the Barix Discovery Tool to set the IP address or the Discovery Tool
doesn't find the Barionet on your network, there are three alternative methods for finding
and/or setting the Barionet's IP address.
Each of the procedures below assumes that the Barionet is physically connected to the
Ethernet network and that a computer is connected to the same network with an IP
address that is in the same subnet (i.e. address range) as the Barionet. If the network uses
dynamic address assignment, such as DHCP, this will happen automatically.
The three alternatives to using the Barix Discovery Tool are:
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1. The Barionet can obtain an IP address from an external server running the DHCP
protocols. Using the DHCP server's administrative interface, you can find the IP
address the DHCP server has assigned to the Barionet.
2. You can find the Barionet's IP address using syslog output when the Barionet boots.
3. The Barionet's IP address can be manually assigned using arp and telnet commands.
2.1.4.1 Alternative 1: Getting the Barionet's address from the DHCP or BOOTP
server
The default method the Barionet uses for obtaining an IP address is to attempt to contact a
DHCP or BOOTP server on the network. The DHCP or BOOTP server assigns the Barionet
an unused IP address within the range of the subnet of the current network. In many small
networks, the router or server computer serves as a DHCP or BOOTP server.
If you have access to the administration functions of your router or DHCP/BOOTP server,
you should be able to look up the address that the server assigned to the Barionet. Most
servers provide access to a table that lists the addresses assigned (sometimes referred to
as "leased") to each device on the network that uses the DHCP or BOOTP protocol. Figure
2 shows a typical address table from a DHCP server built into a router.
If you do not have access to the administrative functions of your router, or the network
does not have an active DHCP or BOOTP server, try using one of the other methods
described in this chapter.
Figure 2. A typical DHCP address table
To find the IP address of the Barionet, locate its hardware MAC Address, which is printed
on the label on the bottom of the Barionet. Find the corresponding MAC address in the
DHCP address table and write down the IP address that corresponds with the Barionet's
MAC address in the table.
If the DHCP Host Name setting in the Barionet's configuration is set, the host name will
appear in the "Device Name" column of the table as well. If the Barionet is set to the factory
default configuration, the Device Name will be a default value that is derived from the
Barionet's MAC address. Note that the table shown above is only an illustration of a typical
DHCP server address table. Your DHCP server table may appear somewhat different.
You will use the IP address from this table corresponding to your Barionet to access the
Barionet's built-in status and configuration pages. Remember, this IP address may change
any time the Barionet is rebooted, so you'll have to either set a static IP address in the
configuration web pages, or check the DHCP server table after each Barionet reboot to find
the Barionet's IP address.
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2.1.4.2 Alternative 2: Getting the IP Address from SYSLOG messages
This method requires you to install a program on your computer that can receive and
display the system log (syslog) messages that the Barionet issues by default. For Microsoft
Windows computers, we recommend the Kiwi Syslog Daemon available for free download
from www.kiwisyslog.com. There is a free syslog viewer dashboard widget available for the
Macintosh as well.
1. Install and run the syslog program on your computer connected to the same network
as the Barionet.
2. Power up the Barionet. If it was already powered up, remove power for a couple of
seconds and then re-connect the power to restart the Barionet.
3. When the Barionet restarts, it should issue at least a couple of syslog messages, which
should appear in the Kiwi syslog program. The source IP address of the Barionet is
displayed with the messages. This IP address is what you'll use to access the Barionet
via the web browser.
If these messages do not appear, either the Barionet was not able to acquire a valid IP
address or the syslog setting in the Barionet has been changed from the default broadcast
setting for syslog output. You'll need to try one of the other procedures for finding or
setting the Barionet IP address.
2.1.4.3 Alternative 3: Setting the IP address manually using ARP
With this method, you will temporarily set an IP address for the Barionet. Using the
temporary address, you can access the Barionet's configuration pages, where you can set
a permanent address.
Note
The IP address you set with this method is only temporary.
In order to access the device after a power-cycle, you must
set the IP address permanently in the Barionet's
configuration web pages. See the description of the
Network Settings Page to set the IP address permanently.
1. Open a command line window. In Microsoft Windows, click "Start" and the "Run". In the
dialog box type "cmd" and press enter. On the Macintosh run the Terminal program,
normally located in the Utilities folder. On Linux open a terminal window if you are using a
graphical user interface or enter the following commands directly in a terminal console
session.
2. You must assign a temporary address that is not used by any other devices on the
network and is in the same subnet as the computer that will access the Barionet. Contact
your network administrator if you are not sure what address is available to assign to the
Barionet. You can use the ping command to check to the address is free. In the command
window, type:
ping <IP address>
Where <IP address> is the address you want to check to be sure it's not already assigned.
For example, if you want to check if the address 192.168.0.6 is not assigned to any other
device, type:
ping 192.168.0.6
Figure 3 shows a typical response to the ping command on Windows when the IP address
is not assigned to any other device on the subnet.
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Figure 3. The results of a ping command for an unused IP address
A "Request timed out" or "Destination host unreachable" response indicates that there
was no other device on the network at the address 192.168.0.6. If there is any other
response, the IP address is in use, so you'll need to use a different address.
3. Write down the Barionet's MAC address, which is printed on the label on the underside of
the Barionet. The MAC address is 12 hexadecimal digits (0 – 9 and A – F). When you enter
the MAC address in the next step, you'll need to insert either hyphens (Windows) or colons
(Mac OS-X or Linux) between each pair of digits, so it might be helpful to write it down in
the correct format with hyphens or colons between each pair of digits. For example:
00-20-4A-93-7F-D4 (Windows)
00:20:4A:93:7F:D4 (Mac OS-X or Linux)
4. Enter the following command in the command window, followed by the Enter key.
Substitute the IP address you want to assign to the Barionet for <IP address> below and
substitute the Barionet's MAC address for <MAC address> in the command.
arp -s <IP address> <MAC address> (Windows)
sudo arp –s <IP address> <MAC address> (Mac OS-X or Linux)
For example, to set the Barionet's IP address to 192.168.0.6 with a Barionet whose MAC
address is 00-20-4A-93-7F-D4, the command would look like this:
arp -s 192.168.0.6 00-20-4A-93-7F-D4 (Windows)
sudo arp –s 192.168.0.6 00:20:4A:93:7F:D4 (Mac OS-X or Linux)
For OS-X and Linux, you must supply the administrator's password when prompted.
You can use the –a switch in the arp command (arp –a) to check that you entered the
correct MAC and IP addresses. Look for an entry that matches the MAC address of the
Barionet and confirm that you entered the correct IP address.
5. The arp (address resolution protocol) command tells your computer to associate the
Barionet's MAC address with the IP address you specify. Next, we must tell the Barionet
to use this IP address by attempting to connect to that IP address on port 1 using the
Telnet command. Enter the following command:
telnet <IP address> 1
Again, substitute the IP address you used in the arp command here for <IP address>.
Using the same IP address as our previous example, the command would be:
telnet 192.168.0.6 1
This command should generate an error message because the Barionet will refuse a
connection on port 1. Don't worry—that's normal. The purpose of this command is simply
to set the Barionet to listen to the specified IP address. The error message is not
meaningful here.
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Note
The error message that results from the telnet command
should occur almost immediately. If there is a significant
delay (i.e. greater than about 5 seconds), the Barionet may
not be reachable. Try cycling power on the Barionet and
repeating the procedure. If it still fails, the serial rescue
procedure can be used to restore the Barionet.
At this point, the Barionet should be assigned the IP address you specified in the arp and
telnet commands. You can check that the address assignment succeeded by using the
ping command again with the IP address you assigned the Barionet. Figure 4 shows the
response to the ping command when the address assignment succeeded.
Figure 4. If the address assignment was successful, the response should look like this.
If the response says "Request timed out", the address assignment failed. Try repeating the
steps again, starting with step 4 above. Be sure you included the "1" at the end of the
telnet command.
If the assignment worked, the Barionet will now respond to web page requests at the
assigned IP address. Remember, however, that this IP address assignment will be lost if
the Barionet's power is interrupted, so be sure to set the IP address of the Barionet in the
configuration pages before removing power or rebooting the Barionet.
2.2 Opening the Configuration and Status Web Pages
You can now access the standard configuration and I/O status web pages using any
standard web browser.
Open your browser and in the address bar type:
http://<IP address>/
Substitute the IP address of your Barionet for <IP address>. For example, if your Barionet is
assigned to IP address 192.168.0.6, enter the following in your browser's address bar:
http://192.168.0.6/
Your browser should display the Barionet 100's standard I/O status home page as shown
in Figure 5. The Barionet 50's I/O status page is shown in Figure 6.
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Figure 5. The Barionet 100 I/O status home page.
Figure 6. The Barionet 50 I/O status home page
This status page automatically refreshes itself at 4 second intervals. However, you can
change the refresh rate to 2 second intervals or disable the refresh entirely by clicking on
one of the refresh rate links just below the Barionet banner at the top of the page.
You'll also find a "Help" section on the right edge that defines each of the elements on the
page. Use the scroll bar next to this section to scroll down for more help information.
2.3 Using the Home I/O Status and Control Page
The Barionet I/O status home page shows the status of its inputs and outputs and also
allows you to control the outputs. The page shows indicators for each of the inputs and
outputs. White or gray indicates that the input or output is OFF (inactive), and green
indicates that the input or output is ON (active). You can also control the state of each of
the outputs by clicking on the indicator to change its state or on the pulse links below the
digital outputs to turn the output on for the specified interval and then automatically turn it
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 50
Only
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back off.
The Barionet 100 has eight inputs, four of which may be used as either digital or analog
inputs. It also has four digital outputs as well as two relay outputs. It can also monitor up to
50 1-Wire temperature sensors. Figure 7 shows the Barionet's home I/O status and control
page with the various elements on the page labeled.
To turn one of the relay outputs on, click on the white status indicator. If you listen carefully,
you can hear the relay output switch and the relay status indicator should turn green at the
next refresh. Note that if you have disabled the automatic refresh, the indicator status will
not change after you click the indicator, even though the relay will switch on or off.
The eight input status indicators show the status of each of the eight inputs. The first four
inputs may be configured as analog inputs, so their corresponding input voltage level is
shown below the indicators. The last four inputs are dedicated digital inputs. Clicking on
these status indicators has no effect as they are inputs only.
The status of the four general purpose digital outputs is shown to the right of the analog
input levels. These outputs can be turned on and off just like the relay outputs. However,
because they are not relays, you won't hear any switching sound when they change states.
The status indicators will change on the next refresh of the status page.
You can also turn these outputs on for a short period of 0.2 seconds, 1 second, or 5
seconds by clicking on the corresponding links below the output indicators. Remember
that the status indicators are only updated when the page refreshes, so you may not even
see the status indicator change if you click one of the pulse links, since the output may
change faster than the refresh rate of the status screen.
Figure 7. The Barionet 100 I/O Status and Control Page.
Finally, the status of up to eight 1-wire temperature sensors is displayed near the bottom of
the screen. Temperatures are displayed in degrees Celsius. Where a temperature sensor is
not present, it displays 256 degrees C on this page.
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
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The Barionet 50 has four digital inputs and four relay outputs and can also monitor up to 50
1-Wire temperature sensors. Figure 8 shows the Barionet 50 home I/O status page.
Figure 8. The Barionet 50 I/O Status and Control Page.
To turn one of the relay outputs on, click on the gray status indicator. If you listen carefully,
you can hear the relay output switch and the relay status indicator should turn green at the
next refresh. Note that if you have disabled the automatic refresh, the indicator status will
not change after you click the indicator, even though the relay will switch on or off.
You can create custom pages that display different information, or in different formats.
We'll discuss the process of creating custom pages in Chapter 5.
2.4 Using the Configuration Web Pages
The Barionet's built-in web pages also include pages for setting a wide variety of
configuration options. This section shows each of the configuration pages and describes
the parameters and options on each page.
To access the configuration pages, click on the Configuration button near the top of the
page, just under the Barix logo.
The configuration settings are divided into eight web pages accessed by the tabs at the top
of the configuration pages as shown in Figure 9.
The following sections describe each of these settings pages.
2.4.1 The Network Settings Web Page
The Network Settings page allows you to set the IP address, Netmask, Gateway, and DNS
server for the Barionet. See Figure 9.
Barionet 50 Only
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Figure 9. The Network Settings Page.
Note
If you set the IP address of the Barionet temporarily using
Alternative 3 described earlier in this chapter, that IP
address will not appear in the IP address boxes on this
page. If you want to assign a static IP address or control the
automatic IP assignment protocols, you must set the IP
address in the configuration pages before restarting the
Barionet. Otherwise, the temporary IP address you set
using the arp –s and telnet commands will be lost when
the Barionet is rebooted. The following sections discuss
how to set the IP address manually or for automatic
operation.
2.4.1.1 Setting the Barionet IP address manually
In some cases, it's desirable to set the IP address of the Barionet manually, instead of
allowing a DHCP server or other protocols to automatically set the Barionet's IP address.
Setting the IP address manually has the advantage that once the address is set, it does not
change unless you reset it, so you always know the IP address to use to access the
Barionet. This is sometimes referred to as a "static IP" because the IP address does not
change.
However, when you set the IP address manually, you are responsible for insuring that the IP
address assigned to the Barionet is not assigned to any other device. If your network uses
DHCP or other automatic assignment protocols, you must insure that the IP address
assigned to the Barionet is not within the range of addresses that could be automatically
assigned by the DHCP server.
The Barionet always checks the IP address that it is assigned (whether manually or
automatically) to see if the address is already associated with another device. If a manually
assigned address is already assigned to another device, the Barionet reboots and tests the
address again. This may result in the Barionet being unreachable. To correct the address
conflict you can:
• Temporarily assign an available IP address using Alternative 3 described earlier in this
chapter and then change the address assignment in the configuration pages.
• Disconnect or disable the other device that has been assigned the same IP address in
order to access the Barionet to change its IP address.
If you are connecting the Barionet to a larger network where you are not the administrator,
it is important to check with the administrator before assigning an IP address to the
Barionet.
To set the IP address, simply enter the values in the four boxes labeled "IP Address". The
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Barionet must be rebooted for the new IP address to take effect. Click the "Reboot" button
near the top of the screen and click "OK" to reboot the Barionet. You may want to make all
the changes required in the Network Settings screen before rebooting the Barionet.
Refer to Appendix G IP Addresses, Netmasks and Gateways for more information on
choosing an appropriate static IP address.
2.4.1.2 Setting the Barionet IP address automatically
The Barionet supports four different methods for automatic IP address assignment. You
can configure the Barionet to try each of the four methods to obtain an IP address, or you
can control which of the four methods it uses. The methods are executed in a specific order
and the first method that succeeds will stop the process. These are the four methods the
Barionet attempts to use, in the order of their execution, with a brief explanation of the
method's requirements. See the glossary entries for each method for more specific
information.
1. BOOTP: The Barionet attempts to retrieve an unused IP address from a
"configuration" server. If there is no configuration server that responds to the
BOOTP protocol, this protocol will fail, and the Barionet will attempt to use
the DHCP protocol.
2. DHCP: The Barionet attempts to retrieve an unused IP address from a DHCP server.
If there is no active DHCP server on the network, the Barionet will attempt to
use the IPZator method. The Barionet waits for roughly 12 seconds for a
response from BOOTP or DHCP before attempting to use the IPZator or
AutoIP methods.
3. IPZator: This is a Barix-proprietary protocol that does not require an external server to
assign IP addresses. It attempts to locate an unused address within the
current subnet by listening to the network traffic. A class-C network is
assumed (netmask 255.255.255.0). The Barionet tests sequential addresses
starting with 168 in the last octet (e.g. xx.xx.xx.168). It uses the first address
it finds in this range that is unused. The IPZator method can be quite fast if
there is substantial network traffic. However, it may fail entirely after 3
minutes if it does not find any existing network traffic (excluding traffic in the
AutoIP range of 169.254.x.x).
4. AutoIP: The AutoIP protocol also does not require any external server. However, it
always assigns the Barionet an address in the range of 169.254.x.x. It
randomly tries addresses in this range and finds the first free address. This
method should only be used in small networks that are not connected to a
larger network or the internet. The AutoIP method assumes a class-B
network (netmask 255.255.0.0).
The default IP address setting for the Barionet in the configuration screen is 0.0.0.0. This
setting tells the Barionet to try all four of the methods described above in the order shown.
If you want to disable any of these methods, you can use a special IP address that is not
otherwise valid to control which methods are executed. Set all but the third value to zero
according to the following table:
0.0.0.0: Enables all four methods
0.0.1.0: Disables the AutoIP method
0.0.2.0: Disables the DHCP method
0.0.4.0: Disables the BOOTP method
0.0.8.0: Disables the IPZator method
Any combination of these settings can be added together to disable multiple methods. For
example:
0.0.5.0: Disables the BOOTP and AutoIP methods
0.0.13.0: Disables all methods except DHCP
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Note
If you set the IP address to 0.0.15.0, you disable all four
automatic addressing methods and you also don't have a
valid static IP address that can be used to communicate
with the Barionet. The only way to communicate with the
Barionet with this IP address setting is to manually reset the
IP address using the technique described in Alternative 3
earlier in this chapter and then change the IP address in the
web configuration settings. You can also reset the Barionet
to factory defaults using the procedure described in
Resetting to Factory Defaults in Chapter 7. However,
resetting to factory defaults restores all the Barionet's
configuration settings back to factory defaults.
2.4.1.3 Setting the Netmask
The Netmask parameter defines the range of addresses in the current subnet. Addresses
outside this range must be "routed" through a device called a "router". Like the IP address,
you can choose to either manually set the netmask, or you can set it to 0.0.0.0, which tells
the Barionet to automatically acquire a netmask setting from the DHCP server, or assume a
netmask based on the range of the IP address it is assigned.
If the Barionet gets its IP address from a DHCP server, it will also get a netmask from the
server. However, if the Barionet gets an IP address using the IPZator or AutoIP method, it
assumes a netmask from the network address. For example, if your Barionet is assigned an
IP address of 192.168.0.6, the IP address is called a "class C" address. If you leave the net
mask set to 0.0.0.0, the Barionet will automatically assume a net mask of 255.255.255.0.
In general, it's best to assign a specific netmask, based on the configuration of your
network. If you are unsure what netmask is appropriate for your subnet, contact your
network administrator. See Appendix G: IP Addresses, Netmasks and Gateways for more
information. Assuming that the Barionet is connected to the same subnet as your
computer, you can probably use the net mask as your computer.
2.4.1.4 Setting the Gateway IP Address
The gateway settings tells the Barionet the IP address of a router or host that is responsible
for forwarding any network traffic that is not within the Barionet's subnet. In a small network
connected to the internet, the gateway IP address is typically the address of the router that
connects the network to the internet (which is probably also the DHCP server).
The gateway address is not necessary unless the Barionet will need to communicate with
devices outside its own network. For example, if the Barionet needs to send SNMP traps to
a computer that is outside the Barionet's subnet, the gateway address is required in order
for the Barionet to connect to the gateway to forward the traffic to its final destination.
The gateway IP address is always in the same subnet as the Barionet. For example, in a
small network where the Barionet is assigned an IP address of 192.168.0.6, the gateway
address might be 192.168.0.1.
If the Barionet uses DHCP to automatically acquire its IP address, the DHCP server will
typically also supply a gateway IP address. In those cases, you can leave the gateway IP
address set to 0.0.0.0, and the Barionet will automatically retrieve the gateway address (if
it's configured) from the DHCP server.
If you are unsure what to set the gateway address to, contact your network administrator.
Assuming that the Barionet is connected to the same subnet as your computer, you can
most likely use the gateway address setting of your computer. See Appendix G: IP
Addresses, Netmasks and Gateways for more information.
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2.4.1.5 Setting the DNS Server Address
The DNS (Domain Name System) server is essentially an Internet phone book. A DNS
server translates a domain name (e.g. barix.com) to an IP address (e.g. 209.197.116.112).
All communication in an IP network is eventually done using IP addresses, so if a server
name is used in a request, the first step is to translate that name into an IP address. That's
the job of the DNS server.
The Barionet needs the address of a DNS server only if it uses domain names in any of its
requests. For example, if you write BCL code that connects to a mail server by name, you
can use BCL's resolve() function to translate a domain name into an IP address. Unless
you create a custom BCL application that uses domain names to refer to external
computers or devices, you don't need to fill in a DNS server.
If you use DHCP to obtain an IP address, the DHCP server can also supply a DNS server
address if it is configured in the DHCP server. Leave the DNS server address set to all
zeros if there is no DNS server or if it will be automatically configured by DHCP.
2.4.1.6 Setting the DHCP Host Name
The DHCP host name gives the Barionet a name that will be included in the DHCP server's
list of assigned addresses. This name simply makes it easier to find the Barionet's IP
address in a list of DHCP-assigned IP addresses. If the DHCP host name field is not filled
in, the DHCP server's table will include a host name that is derived from the Barionet's
hardware MAC address.
2.4.2 The Serial Settings Web Page
The Serial Settings page allows you to set the configuration parameters for the RS-232 and
RS-422/RS-485 interfaces. Changes are saved (but not applied) when you click the "OK"
button. The Barionet must be rebooted for the changes to take effect.
Figure 10 shows the Serial Settings page. This page is very similar for the Barionet 100 and
the Barionet 50 except that the Barionet 50 does not have the "Interface Type" setting. Its
two serial interfaces are always RS-232 and RS-485.
The specific settings for each of these interfaces depend on the requirements of the device
that is connected to the interface. For example, to use the RS-485/422 interface to connect
to Barix Modbus expansion modules, the RS-485/422 interface must be set according to
the requirements of the Modbus expansion device. Refer to the serial interfacing
requirements of your specific device for appropriate settings.
Figure 10. The Barionet 100 Serial Settings Page.
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2.4.2.1 Setting the Interface Type
On the Barionet 100, the RS-422/485 interface type can be set for either RS-485 (2-wire
interface) or RS-422 (4-wire). The default is RS-485. The RS-232 interface type cannot be
changed.
2.4.2.2 Setting the Serial Speed
Select the baud rate for the RS-232 and RS-485/422 interfaces using the drop-down boxes
for each interface. The default is 9600 baud for both interfaces. Valid serial speed settings
are shown in the table below for each Barionet model.
Barionet 100 Baud Rates
Barionet 50 Baud Rates
300
300
600
600
1200
1200
2400
2400
4800
4800
9600
9600
19200
19200
38400
57600
76800
115200
230400
2.4.2.3 Setting the Data Bits
The number of serial data bits can be set for 7 bits or 8 bits. The default is 8 bits.
2.4.2.4 Setting the Parity Bit
The parity bit for each interface can be enabled or disabled. If the parity bit is enabled, it
can be set for even or odd parity. The default for both interfaces is disabled.
2.4.2.5 Setting the Stop Bits
Select the number of stop bits (1 or 2). The default is 1 stop bit.
2.4.2.6 Setting the Flow Control
This setting applies only to the RS-232 interface. The setting affects the way the Barionet
controls data flow on the RS-232 interface. The Barionet 100 only offers hardware flow
control, while the Barionet 50 offers software or hardware flow control.
The Barionet 100 offers two settings for hardware flow control: Disabled and Enabled.
When Hardware Flow is enabled, the Barionet will only send data as long as the CTS signal
is asserted (ON). This is an input to the Barionet.
The RTS signal is an output from the Barionet and it can be controlled from BCL. It is not
used for flow control unless explicitly controlled by a BCL program.
Hardware Flow Control is disabled by default. In this state, the CTS signal is not used to
control data flow on the RS-232 interface. However, the RTS output can still be controlled
by a BCL program, even with Hardware Flow Control disabled.
The Barionet 50 offers three flow control settings: None, Software, and Hardware
None: No flow control is used on the RS-232 interface.
Software (XON/XOFF): The Barionet 50 sends an XOFF character (ASCII 19 decimal)
when it's input buffer is approaching full and an XON character
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 50 Only
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(ASCII 17 decimal) when the input buffer is ready to receive data
again. Conversely, the Barionet will stop sending RS-232 data
when it receives XOFF, and start again when it receives XON.
Hardware (RTS/CTS): The Barionet 50 will only send data on the RS-232 port when the
CTS signal is asserted (ON). Conversely, the Barionet 50 will
assert RTS until its input buffer is nearly full. Then it will clear RTS
until the buffer is emptied enough to receive more data.
2.4.2.7 Setting the Local Port
The Barionet has a built-in "serial gateway" function that will allow data sent or received on
the RS-232 or RS-485/422 ports to be forwarded to a TCP socket. The Local Port setting
specifies the TCP port number that should be used to access this functionality. For
example, if the Local Port for the RS-232 interface is set to 10001, and a TCP connection to
port 10001 is established, data sent to this TCP port will be transmitted on the RS-232
interface as well. Data received on the RS-232 interface will also be sent from the Barionet
to the TCP connection on port 10001.
The built-in serial gateway functionality can be used to control an RS-232 device across a
network.
You should set a different port number for each of the interfaces, and set the port number
to zero if you do not plan to use the serial gateway function. The default Local Port setting
for both interfaces is zero.
Note
If you are using the Barionet's serial gateway function, you
should not open TCP connections to the same port in BCL
or open the serial ports from within BCL. Otherwise,
unpredictable behavior may occur.
2.4.2.8 Setting the Disconnect Timeout
You can set a disconnect timeout value that will cause the Barionet to automatically close
an open TCP connection to the Local Port if there is no activity on the corresponding serial
port within the specified interval. The timeout can be set from 0 (which indicates no
timeout) to 255 seconds. The default value is zero (no timeout).
2.4.3 The I/O Settings Web Page
The I/O settings page controls the configuration of the digital inputs. The page is different
on the Barionet and Barionet 50.
The configuration of the Barionet 50's four digital inputs is fixed to active low polarity with a
pull-up resistor. This configuration is suitable for a pushbutton contact that connects the
input to ground to activate the input. The I/O settings page on the Barionet 50 does not
have any user-configurable parameters.
The I/O settings page on the Barionet 100 allows you to set the polarity (active high or
active low) of each of the eight digital inputs, and also allows you to select whether the
input pull-up resistor is on or off.
Low Act indicates that when the input is low, the input is considered active. High Act
indicates that when the input is high, the input is considered active.
Enabling the pull-up resistor on an input ties a 10k ohm resistor from the input to an internal
+5 volt supply. The pull-up resistor insures that an open input goes to the high state.
If you want to connect one of the digital inputs to a switch or button, it's usually best to set
the polarity to active low and enable the pull up resistor. Then the switch or button
connects the input to ground to activate the input.
Barionet 50 Only
Barionet 100
Only
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If you want to connect one of the digital inputs to a signal that goes to a positive voltage
when it is active, change the input polarity to active high and disable the pull up resistor.
If any of the first four inputs are used as analog inputs, the pull up resistor will usually need
to be disabled for accurate voltage measurements. However, in certain circumstances, the
pull-up resistor can be left enabled to detect an open circuit (i.e. when the input is
disconnected). This configuration is often referred to as a "supervised" input.
More details on interfacing to the inputs are provided in Chapter 3.
Figure 11 shows the Barionet 100 I/O Configuration Page.
Figure 11. The Barionet 100 I/O Configuration Page.
The I/O protocol setting controls the protocol implemented on the 1-wire interface (J5). The
default is to implement 1-Wire®, which allows connection to digital temperature sensors
and a real-time clock.
If this setting is changed to Wiegand®, the 1-wire interface on J5 is disabled, and a
Wiegand® interface is implemented on the digital inputs on J6. In this mode, the digital
temperature sensors cannot be used and the values will always be returned as 256ºC.
Note
The Barionet 100 can be connected to a 1-wire Real Time
Clock (RTC) device via J5 even when the I/O Protocol is set
to Wiegand. The Real time clock device is read only during
start up to synchronize the internal Barionet clock with the
real time clock value. 1-wire temperature sensors cannot be
read in this mode.
Changes are saved when you click OK, but the Barionet must be rebooted for the changes
to become effective.
2.4.4 The Control Web Page
The Control page sets a variety of parameters to control the behavior of various software
interfaces, including the ASCII/TCP interface, the web interface and UDP interfaces. These
various interfaces are described in more detail in Chapter 4.
The Control page, shown in Figure 12 is the same for the Barionet 50 and the Barionet 100.
Barionet 100
Only
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Figure 12. This is the Barionet Control Page. It is identical for the Barionet 50
and Barionet 100.
2.4.4.1 Setting the Web Server Port
This parameter defines the port used to connect to the Barionet's internal web server. The
default value of zero sets the web server to the standard HTTP port, which is port 80. A
value of zero is functionally equivalent to setting this value to 80.
Note
The Web Server port should not be set to any of the port
numbers used by other Barionet services, including
Modbus/TCP (port 502), SNMP (port 161), the Serial
Gateway (defaults to port 10001), TCP Command or UDP
command ports (both are disabled by default by setting to
port 0). Setting the web server port to any of these ports
can cause the web user interface to become inaccessible.
The only way to recover from this situation is to reset the
settings to factory defaults. See Resetting to Factory
Defaults in Chapter 7 for information on resetting to factory
defaults.
2.4.4.2 Setting the BCL Program Name
This parameter specifies the name of the program file that will be executed at start up. Do
not include the .tok extension on the file name. If no name is specified, the default name of
"barionet" (barionet.tok) is used. For more information on creating a BCL program, refer to
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Chapter 5.
Using this setting, you can load more than one program file into the Barionet's memory and
then choose which one to run at start up by setting this parameter.
2.4.4.3 Setting the Lockdown mode
This parameter can be used to lock (disable) specific services at start up for security
purposes. The services can also be locked or unlocked within a BCL program. The
lockdown mode is a single value from 0 to 65,535 where each bit in the 16-bit lockdown
value corresponds to a specific function or service as defined in the table below:
Bit Number
Value
Service
0
1
SNMP write
1
2
SNMP read
2
4
Modbus/TCP write
3
8
Modbus/TCP read
4 – 7
Reserved
8
256
rc.cgi 9 512
I/O dynamic tags (&LIO, etc.)
10
1024
setup.cgi
11
2048
Setup dynamic tags
12
4096
BAS.cgi
13
8192
BCL variable dynamic tags (&LBAS)
14
16384
basic.cgi
15
32768
tftp (Applies only to the Barionet 100)
To set a lock value, add up the values in the table of the functions you want to disable. For
example, to disable Modbus/TCP reads and writes and the setup.cgi function, the lock
value would be 1036:
4 (Modbus/TCP write) + 8 (Modbus/TCP read) + 1024 (setup.cgi) = 1036
2.4.4.4 Setting the Modbus/TCP Timeout
The Barionet implements the Modbus/TCP protocol for monitoring and controlling the
Barionet via Modbus/TCP commands. The Modbus/TCP timeout parameter sets the time in
seconds after which a TCP connection on port 502 (the Modbus port) will be closed due to
inactivity. Valid timeout values range from zero to 255 seconds. The default value of zero
disables the timeout.
2.4.4.5 Setting the UDP command port
The Barionet implements an ASCII control interface that can be used over a TCP or UDP
connection to the Ethernet interface. The UDP command port setting sets the port number
that is used for the ASCII command interface over UDP. The port number can be set from 1
to 65535. The same port number is used both for sending ASCII commands and for
response messages, including state change messages.
The ASCII command protocol over TCP and UCP is described in more detail in ASCII
Command Protocol in Chapter 4.
The default value for the UDP command port is zero, which disables the ASCII interface
over UDP.
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Note
The UDP command port should not be set to any of the
port numbers used by other Barionet UDP-based services,
such as SNMP (port 161). The ASCII command protocol will
not work if the port is set to the same value as any of these
other services.
2.4.4.6 Setting the TCP command port
The TCP command port setting is similar to the UDP command port, in that it sets a port
number for using the Barionet's ASCII command protocol over TCP. Opening a TCP
connection to the port specified in this setting allows you to send ASCII commands to the
Barionet to control I/O functions and to receive response and state change messages from
the Barionet.
The ASCII command protocol over TCP and UDP is described in more detail in the section
titled ASCII Command Protocol in Chapter 4.
The default value for the TCP command port is zero, which disables the ASCII interface
over TCP.
Note
The TCP command port should not be set to any of the port
numbers used by other TCP-based Barionet services,
including Modbus/TCP (port 502), the web server (defaults
to Port 80) or the Serial Gateway (defaults to port 10001).
The ASCII command protocol will not work if the port is set
to the same value as any of these other services.
2.4.4.7 Setting the TCP command port timeout
This setting defines a timeout in seconds, after which the TCP connection to the command
port is closed if there is no activity on the connection. Timeout values can be set from 0 to
255 seconds. The default value of zero disables the timeout so that the connection is never
closed by the Barionet for inactivity.
2.4.4.8 Setting the UDP Send Info Address
This parameter specifies the IP address of a host where state change messages should be
sent using UDP protocol. You can also specify a broadcast address (e.g. 192.168.0.255) to
broadcast the state change messages to all IP addresses on the subnet using UDP.
The default value of 0.0.0.0 disables transmission of state change messages via UDP.
See Unsolicited State Change Messages in Chapter 4 for more information on the state
change messages.
2.4.4.9 Setting the UDP Destination Port
This parameter specifies the port number to which state change messages and periodic I/O
status messages are sent using UDP.
2.4.4.10 Setting the UDP Interval
The Barionet can be configured to periodically transmit the state of all of its inputs and
outputs by setting this parameter to the desired interval in seconds. The default setting is
zero, which disables sending periodic status messages. This setting does not affect
sending state change messages as described in the next section. Periodic status messages
are sent to the IP address and port specified in the UDP Send Info Address and UDP
Destination Port parameters.
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2.4.4.11 Setting the TCP initial I/O state subscriptions
This setting defines whether or not the Barionet sends state change messages on its digital
inputs and outputs. In the default "Local I/O" mode, the Barionet sends state change
messages on any digital input, as well as digital and relay outputs as long as a TCP
command port is defined and a TCP connection is open to the Barionet on that port. If the
setting is changed to "None", no state changes messages are sent, unless they are enabled
on individual inputs or outputs using the "add subscriptions" setting described next.
Refer to the description of State Changes Message over TCP in Chapter 4 for more details
on how these parameters affect the delivery of state change messages over the ASCII
interface.
2.4.4.12 Setting the TCP add I/O state subscriptions
The add subscriptions setting allows you to tell the Barionet to automatically enable state
change messages on any input or output that you set or query with the ASCII command
interface. For example, if the initial I/O state subscriptions setting is set to NONE, but the
add subscriptions setting is set to "With getio/setio", when you query a particular input with
the ASCII getio command over a TCP connection, the Barionet will automatically subscribe
the TCP connection to receive state change messages for that input. This subscription will
remain active until the TCP connection is closed either by the remote host or by the
Barionet due to an inactivity timeout.
The add subscriptions function also has one additional benefit in that it allows you to
receive state change messages from virtual I/O registers. More information on state change
messages and Virtual I/O registers is provided in Chapter 4.
Refer to the description of State Changes Message over TCP in Chapter 4 for more details
on how these parameters affect the delivery of state change messages over the ASCII
interface.
Note
The first four inputs on the Barionet 100 can be used as
analog or digital inputs. If State Change messages are
enabled on these inputs (using the “Local I/O” or “with
getio/setio” settings and a non-zero command port setting),
the Barionet 100 compares the input voltage to a threshold
of about 1.2V. When the input transitions through that
threshold, state change messages are generated.
2.4.4.13 Setting the Syslog Server
You can specify the IP address of a computer that runs a syslog program or service (a
syslog daemon). There are a variety of programs available for all major operating systems
that provide syslog server functionality. For the Microsoft Windows platform, we
recommend the Kiwi Syslog server available at www.kiwisyslog.com. The Macintosh and
Linux operating systems include syslog servers as part of the standard installation.
Syslog messages are transmitted over the network using the UDP protocol on port 514.
The syslog IP address of 0.0.0.0 causes the Barionet to send syslog messages to the
broadcast address of the current subnet (e.g. 192.168.0.255). Messages sent to the
broadcast address (where the last number is 255) are available to every computer on the
same subnet.
2.4.4.14 Setting the Syslog Debug Level
The Syslog debug level setting controls the number and type of messages that are sent to
the syslog server. When you are developing BCL programs, you can insert syslog
statements in the program to send messages to the log. The syslog statement also includes
a log level parameter. The messages are only sent to the syslog server if the debug level
setting is the same or higher than the log level parameter in the syslog statement.
Barionet 100
Only
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This allows you to include extensive debugging and internal logging information in your
programs but disable the syslog output when you no longer need it without going back into
the BCL program and actually removing all the syslog statements. You simply set the
Debug level to a lower number to disable the messages.
The debug levels are defined as follows:
Debug Level
Debug Messages Sent
0
No debug information is sent to syslog
1
System debug information is sent to syslog
2 – 9
User-defined debug levels for BCL programs using the syslog statement
2.4.4.15 Setting the Debug Flags
The debug flags are intended for use by Barix technical support for more detailed
debugging information. We recommend that you do not change this value except under the
direction of Barix technical support personnel.
2.4.5 The SNMP Web Page
The SNMP page allows you to setup SNMP traps to notify a remote host when an input
state has changed. Figure 13 shows the SNMP page for the Barionet 100. The Barionet 50
SNMP page is identical except that it shows only four inputs instead of eight.
Figure 13. The Barionet 100 SNMP settings page. The Barionet 50 SNMP
settings page is identical except that it shows only four inputs, instead of eight.
2.4.5.1 Setting the Trap Receiver IP address
This setting specifies the IP address of the device that will receive traps generated by the
Barionet when an input state changes. The default value of 0.0.0.0 disables all traps.
2.4.5.2 Setting the Repeat Time
This setting specifies an interval for sending repeated traps when an input is active. If this
value is zero, one trap is sent when the input becomes active and another trap is sent when
the input becomes inactive, but no repeated traps are sent during the active time of the
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input. The repeat time can be set from zero to 65,535 seconds.
2.4.5.3 Setting the Traps on Inputs
You can enable or disable traps for each input. The default value for each input is "No"
(indicating no traps will be sent).
2.4.5.4 Downloading the Barionet MIB file
A MIB file for the Barionet is stored in the Barionet's non-volatile memory. It can be
downloaded directly to the browser for viewing or it can be downloaded to a computer on
the network in ZIP file format. The ZIP file contains the barionet.MIB file, which can be
extracted and loaded into an SMNP manager.
Links for downloading the MIB file are shown in the help panel to the right of the SNMP
settings page. Figure 14 shows the SNMP help panel with the links to download the MIB.
Figure 14. The SNMP Help panel contains links to download the Barionet MIB file.
2.4.6 The Time Web Page
The Time settings page allows you to configure an NTP server to act as a time reference for
the Barionet and to set a time zone for the Barionet. Figure 15 shows the Time settings
page. This page is identical in the Barionet 100 and the Barionet 50
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Figure 15. The Time Settings Page. This page is identical in the Barionet 100 and the
Barionet 50.
2.4.6.1 Setting the NTP Server
The NTP server field specifies the IP address of an NTP server. If a valid NTP server is
found at the specified address, the Barionet will query the NTP server for the current time at
start up and then re-synchronize its internal clock to the NTP server roughly every 12 hours.
If a 1-Wire Real Time Clock (RTC) is found on the 1-Wire bus, the unique hardware ID of the
RTC is displayed on this page as well.
An RTC is used as a time reference at start up if no NTP server is configured or available.
The NTP server setting is saved when you click OK, but the Barionet must be rebooted for
the new setting to become active.
2.4.6.2 Setting the Time Zone
NTP servers report their time in Coordinated Universal time (abbreviated UTC), so it's
important to tell the Barionet what time zone it is located in so that it can convert the UTC
reported by the NTP server to the local time. Select the Time zone in the Time Zone dropdown box and click "OK" to save the setting. The Barionet must be rebooted for the time
zone setting to take effect.
2.4.7 The Temperature Web Page
The Temperature settings page shows the unique hardware IDs of the first eight
temperature sensors detected on the 1-wire bus. Up to 50 temperature sensors can be
supported by the Barionet, but the hardware IDs of only the first eight are displayed on this
page. The IDs of all the sensors are available in registers listed in Table A.5. See Appendix
A for more information on these registers.
No settings can be changed on this page. It is for information only.
Figure 16 shows the Temperature settings page, which is identical for the Barionet 100 and
the Barionet 50.
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Figure 16. The temperature settings page shows the unique hardware ID of each 1-Wire
temperature sensor attached to the Barionet.
For more information on accessing the temperature results returned from the sensors, see
Appendix A: I/O Addressing.
2.4.8 The Security Web Page
The Security page allows you to setup a password that can be used to protect the
configuration pages as well as any custom HTML pages you develop that you want to
protect. By default, no password is required for access to the configuration pages.
Figure 17 shows the Security page, which is identical for the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50.
The first time you access the page, the "Old Password" box will not appear, since no
password has been set.
Figure 17. The Security Settings Page allows you to set a password for configuration pages.
2.4.8.1 Setting a Password
To set a password, enter a password with up to 12 characters in the New Password field
and re-enter the same password text in the Confirm password box. The two fields must
match. Otherwise, an error is generated when you press OK. Click OK to save the
password.
If a password was previously set, the Old Password box will also appear. You must enter
the current password to change the password. If the old password you enter doesn’t match
the existing password, an error message is displayed when you click OK.
2.4.8.2 Logging in to the Configuration Pages
After you have set a password, the next time a user attempts to access the configuration
page, the web browser will display an authentication dialog box like the one shown in
Figure 18. To login, leave the user name field blank and enter the password you set in the
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password setting page in the password field of the authentication box.
Figure 18. The authentication dialog appears when a user tries to access configuration
pages when a password has been set.
2.4.8.3 Changing the Password
You can change the password that was previously set by going to Security page and
entering the current password in the Old Password box. Then enter the new password in
the New password and Confirm password boxes and click OK.
2.4.8.4 Clearing the Password
To clear a previously set password and allow access to the configuration pages without
entering a password, enter the current password in the Old password box. Then make sure
that the New password and Confirm password boxes are empty. When you click OK, the
Barionet will prompt you to insure that you want to clear the password. Click OK to clear
the password.
2.4.8.5 Password Protecting Custom Web Pages
You can also apply the same password protection to custom web pages you create. We'll
discuss the process of creating custom web pages and applying password protection to
them in Chapter 5. See the description of the Initialization Tag for information on using the
password protection feature on custom web pages.
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3 Hardware Interfaces
The Barionet provides flexible I/O capabilities for sensing and controlling a variety of
devices. A serial interface is also provided for interfacing to Barix expansion modules as
well as other devices with a serial interface. In addition, a built-in 1-Wire® interface
connects to temperature sensors and real time clock modules that implement the 1-Wire
interface.
This chapter describes the various hardware interfaces the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50
provide along with details on how to properly connect external devices. Section 3.1
describes hardware interfaces specifically for the Barionet 100, while Section 3.2 describes
the hardware interfaces for the Barionet 50.
Information on physical mounting options and requirements for the Barionet is provided in
Appendix D.
3.1 Barionet 100 Hardware Interfaces
This section describes the hardware interfaces for the Barionet 100. Please see Section 3.2
for information on the hardware interfaces for the Barionet 50.
3.1.1 Barionet Connectors Overview
Figure 19 shows the Barionet 100 connectors and indicator lights. Please refer to this
diagram in the following sections for the physical location of each of the hardware
interfaces and their corresponding connectors.
Figure 19. The Barionet 100 connectors and indicator lights.
3.1.2 Ethernet Interface: (ETH)
The Barionet 100 provides a standard RJ-45 10/100 megabit (Mb), full/half duplex, auto
negotiation Ethernet interface. Two indicators on the front face of the RJ-45 connector
show the network status. The network status indicators on earlier versions of the Barionet
100 produced in 2005 or earlier are defined in the following table:
Barionet 100
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
BARIONET
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Left LED
Right LED
Function
Orange
Link OK, 10 Mb LAN speed. Blinking indicates Ethernet traffic.
Green
Link OK, 100 Mb LAN speed. Blinking indicates Ethernet
traffic.
The network status indicators on Barionet 100 units produced in 2006 or later are defined in
this table:
Left LED
Right LED
Function
Orange
Link OK, 10 Mb LAN speed.
Green
Link OK, 100 Mb LAN speed.
Orange
Blinking indicates Ethernet traffic with speed selected
manually by either end of the connection
Green
Blinking indicates Ethernet traffic with speed auto-negotiated
Note
If you are unsure which version of Barionet 100 you have,
you can identify the version by removing the top cover and
checking the product number label on the top of the
Ethernet connector. Older Barionet 100's have product
number XP1001000-01, while later Barionet 100's have
product number XP1001001-03R.
3.1.3 Power Supply Inputs (J6)
The Barionet 100 can be operated on a power supply from 9 volts through 30 volts DC.
Voltages above these limits may cause damage. The positive power supply lead should be
connected to pin 15 and the negative lead should be connected to pin 16.
The Barionet 100 uses a maximum of 4 watts from the power supply.
3.1.4 RS-232 Serial Interface (J2)
The Barionet 100 provides an RS-232 serial interface for connection to a variety of devices
that implement this serial interface. The RS-232 interface is supplied via a 9-pin sub D male
connector, wired as a DTE. The connector's DTE wiring is similar to a personal computer's
serial port, as defined in the following table.
Pin
Direction
Function
1 Not connected
2
To Barionet
RxD Receive Data
3
From Barionet
TxD Transmit Data
4
From Barionet
No connection or
Unregulated power supply (See Caution below)
5
From Barionet
Ground
6 Not connected
7
From Barionet
RTS (Ready To Send)
8
To Barionet
CTS (Clear To Send)
9 Not connected
Pin 4 of the Barionet 100 RS-232 connector can be tied to the Barionet's un-regulated
power supply input to supply power to external devices through the RS-232 connector. A
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
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pair of solder pads labeled L2 on the Barionet's circuit board must be bridged together in
order to connect the Barionet's power supply to pin 4. The L2 pads are located next to
"C31", left of pin 16 on the serial driver chip labeled "U8".
Caution
If the solder pads are bridged to connect pin 4 to the
unregulated power supply and the Barionet is operated on a
supply voltage above 15 volts, the Barionet or external
devices may be damaged since pin 4 may be connected to
active signals on the external devices. The RS-232
specification allows for a maximum of 15 volts on all RS-232
inputs and outputs.
The baud rate for the RS-232 port is selectable from 300 baud (bits per second) to 19,200
baud with 7 or 8 data bits, 1 or 2 stop bits, and even, odd, or no parity.
Hardware flow control can also be enabled or disabled. When hardware flow control is
enabled, the Barionet will only transmit data on the serial port when the CTS signal (Clear to
Send) is asserted (high). The RTS signal can be controlled from BCL to control data being
transmitted to the Barionet, but it is not automatically asserted when the Barionet's serial
input buffer fills.
Note
The RS-232 baud rate, data bits, stop bits, parity and flow
control parameters must be set through the web configuration
interface (see "The Serial Settings Page" in Chapter 2 for more
details). These parameters are also specified in the BCL OPEN
statement, but they are ignored in BCL programs, so the
parameters must be set via the web configuration page.
A blinking RS-232 light on the Barionet top cover indicates activity on the RS-232 port.
3.1.5 RS-422/485 Serial Interface (J7)
The RS-422/485 serial interface can be used to interface to Barix expansion modules, other
Modbus devices, or for interfacing to other RS-422 or RS-485 devices.
The connector is a removable screw block that carries the RS-485 (2 wire) and RS-422
(4-wire) signals, as well as connections for a reference ground. All pins are ESD (Electrostatic discharge) protected to reduce the possibility of damage due to static discharge.
When the interface is set for RS-485 operation, the TX signals (pins 4 and 5) are used for
both transmit and receive function. The table below defines the pins and signals on this
connector. The configuration of the interface (i.e. RS-422 or RS-485) is set in the web
configuration pages (See the description of the Serial Settings Page in Chapter 2 for more
details)
Pin
RS-422
RS-485
1
Shield
Shield
2
RXA
Not used
3
RXB
Not used
4
TXA
A
5
TXB
B
6
Shield
Shield
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
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Note
The shield pins on the RS-485 connector are tied to the
Barionet's ground through a 100-ohm resistor. Barix
recommends that external devices connected to this port
be powered by a DC power supply to reduce interface
noise induced by AC power supplies.
The RS-485 indicator on the case flashes when there is activity on the RS-422/485 port.
Note
If the RS-485 indicator remains constantly lit, it's likely that
the A and B signals from the RS-485 port have been
swapped.
3.1.6 Rescue Jumper (J4)
This connector is used to initiate the "serial rescue" function that can be used to re-load the
Barionet firmware in the event of a failure that prevents updating the firmware via the
Ethernet interface. Refer to The Serial Rescue Procedure in Chapter 7 for more details on
the serial rescue procedure.
The pins of this connector are defined by the following table:
Pin
Name
Function
1
Vcc (9 – 30 VDC or 12-24 VAC)
Unregulated power supply
2
Vss (Ground)
Supply/rescue jumper
3
Bus 0 (5 VDC)
Rescue jumper
3.1.7 1-Wire® Expansion Port (J5)
This three pin connector provides a Dallas Semiconductor 1-Wire® interface. The Barionet
firmware contains built-in support for up to 50 1-Wire temperature sensors. A 1-wire real
time clock can also be connected to this port. Other 1-wire devices are not supported.
Note.
The Barionet 100 can also be configured to implement the
Wiegand reader protocol on the digital input pins (J6). While
the Wiegand interface does not use the J5 Expansion port,
enabling the Wiegand interface in the web configuration
pages disables the 1-Wire interface on J5. See the
description of The I/O Settings Web Page in Chapter 2 for
more details.
The pin assignments for the J5 expansion port are defined in the following table.
Pin
Name
Function
1
Power supply
Unregulated power supply
2
Vss (Ground)
1-Wire ground
3
Bus1
1-Wire data
3.1.7.1 Connecting 1-Wire Temperature Sensors
The Barionet firmware is compatible with the Dallas Semiconductor/Maxim DS18B20
temperature sensors. There are two methods of connecting the sensors to the Barionet. In
both cases, the Data (DQ) pin of the sensor is tied to pin 3 of J5. The only difference
between the two methods is the ground connection.
Figure 20 shows the first connection method. In this method, pin 14 (Ground for Outputs)
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
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and pin 16 (Vss Ground) on the main I/O connector, J6, are tied together, and the ground
pin of the temperature sensor is tied to pin 2 of the expansion port, J5.
Figure 20. The first connection method for 1-Wire sensors.
This method has the disadvantage that it defeats some internal noise filtering circuitry in the
Barionet by bridging the output ground (pin 14) and the power supply ground (pin 16). The
second method, shown in Figure 21 is preferred for noise immunity.
Figure 21. The second connection method for 1-Wire sensors is preferred for improved
noise immunity and reliability. Pins 1 and 3 of the sensor are internally tied together in the
Barix TS temperature sensors.
Each temperature sensor has a permanently stored unique ID number, which is displayed in
the Temperature page of the built-in configuration web pages. See the description of The
Temperature Web Page in Chapter 2 for more details. The Barionet scans the 1-Wire bus
for temperature sensors at start-up and displays the IDs of all the sensors on the
configuration page.
There are two simple methods for identifying individual sensors:
1. Connect individual sensors to the Barionet one at a time. Then restart the Barionet and
record the sensor's ID. A small label on the sensor wire can be attached to permanently
label it.
2. Connect all the sensors to the Barionet and use cooling spray to cool each sensor one
at a time to identify the sensor in the user interface.
The sensors are always displayed in the same order on the user interface until a new sensor
is introduced on the bus.
Barix also offers these temperature sensors conveniently packaged with 12" (33 cm) leads
and a small mounting hole. The Barix packaged sensors internally tie the Ground (pin 1)
and Vdd (pin 3) of the sensors together, so there are only two leads to connect—one for
Data and one for ground.
Power
Supply
Barionet
16
15
+
-
J6
14
J5
1
2
3
DS18x20
Gnd1DQ2Vdd
3
DS18x20
Gnd1DQ2Vdd
3
Power
Supply
Barionet
16
15
+
-
J6
14
J5
1
2
3
DS18x20
Gnd1DQ2Vdd
3
DS18x20
Gnd1DQ2Vdd
3
Barionet 100
Only
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For more information on the Barix "TS" Temperature sensor, refer to Appendix C:
Accessories.
3.1.8 Relay Outputs (J3)
The Barionet 100 provides two single-pole double-throw relay outputs capable of switching
up to 5 amps at 250VAC maximum. The relay outputs are provided on the six-position
screw terminal block at the top right of the Barionet. Figure 22 shows the relay outputs and
their pin assignments.
Figure 22. The Barionet Relay Outputs.
The Relay LED indicators next to the relay output terminals are lit when the corresponding
relay is active (i.e. the "normally open" contacts are closed).
3.1.9 Digital/Analog I/O and Power (J6)
The large removable screw-terminal connector near the bottom of the Barionet provides
connections to the four digital/analog inputs, the four digital inputs and the four digital
outputs. It also includes terminals for an input ground, output ground, and the power
supply inputs described earlier in this section. See the description of the Power supply
inputs for more details on power supply requirements.
The following table lists the pins on J6 and their functions. See Figure 19 for the physical
arrangement of the pins.
Pin
Function
Pin
Function
1
Input 1 (analog/digital)
9
Ground for inputs
2
Input 2 (analog/digital)
10
Output 1 (digital)
3
Input 3 (analog/digital)
11
Output 2 (digital)
4
Input 4 (analog/digital)
12
Output 3 (digital)
5
Input 5 (digital)
13
Output 4 (digital)
6
Input 6 (digital)
14
Ground for outputs
7
Input 7 (digital)
15
+ Power Supply (+9-30VDC)
8
Input 8 (digital)
16
- Ground
3.1.9.1 Using the Analog Inputs (Pins 1 – 4)
The first four Barionet 100 inputs can be used as analog or digital inputs. No configuration
change is required to change the input type. However, if the inputs are used as analog
inputs, it's usually best to turn off the pull-up resistors that are provided for use on the
digital inputs, and to disable the state change messages for these inputs. Both of these
configuration changes are made through the configuration web pages described in the
previous chapter. To disable the pull-up resistors, refer to the description of the I/O
Settings Page. To disable the state change messages, refer to the description of the
Control Page in the previous chapter.
The analog inputs can measure voltages from zero to 5 volts DC. Higher voltages can be
Pin 1: Relay 2 Common
Pin 2: Relay 2 Normally Open
Pin 3: Relay 2 Normally Closed
Pin 4: Relay 1 Common
Pin 5: Relay 1 Normally Open
Pin 6: Relay 1 Normally Closed
6 5 4 3 2 1
Barionet 100
Only
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Only
Barionet 100
Only
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measured using an external resistor divider network to reduce the voltage at the input to 0 –
5V. The inputs can safely handle up to 24V, but the analog voltage measurement function
reaches its full-scale value at 5 volts. Any voltage above 5 volts will measure as full-scale.
In addition, above 5 volts, the inputs will sink up to about 2 milliamps of current.
The resolution of the analog-to-digital converter on these four inputs is 10 bits (values of 0
to 1024). However, accuracy is typically limited to about 9 bits and requires a lowimpedance source and careful grounding.
3.1.9.2 Creating an Analog Voltage Divider
If you want to measure voltages higher than 5 volts with the Barionet analog inputs, you'll
need to create a simple "voltage divider" using resistors to scale the voltage you want to
measure down to 0-5 volts. Figure 23 shows how to create a voltage divider using two
resistors.
Figure 23. A Voltage divider allows measuring input voltages greater than 5 volts.
For example, if you're trying to measure a voltage from zero to 24V, we need a divider ratio
of approximately 4.8 (24 / 5 = 4.8). If we use a 1000Ω resistor (1kΩ) for R2 and a 3900Ω
(3.9kΩ) resistor for R2, we get a ratio of 4.9 (1k / (1k + 3.9k)). With this combination of
resistor values in a voltage divider, a 24V input yields an output voltage (input to the
Barionet) of 4.898V.
When you display the measured voltage, you can scale the value back up to its original
input voltage so that the display shows a voltage from 0 to 24V. The built-in web server on
the Barionet includes proprietary dynamic tags that include the ability to scale a value
before it is displayed. For more information on these Barix dynamic tags, refer to the
discussion of Barix Dynamic Tags in Chapter 5.
For best results, keep several factors in mind when designing the voltage divider circuit:
• The resistor voltage divider technique works well for low-impedance sources, such as
battery or power supply voltages. For higher impedance sources, where the current
used by the voltage divider may affect the voltage being monitored, an active buffer
amplifier or voltage scaling circuit may be required. Designing such active divider
circuits is beyond the scope of this manual.
• In most cases, it's best to turn off the input's pull-up resistor in the The I/O Settings
Web Page, since the current supplied by the pull-up resistor will affect the measured
voltage. One exception would be when a "supervised" input is needed. In this case, the
pull-up resistor can be left enabled, and the voltage divider values must account for the
10k pull-up. The voltage divider should be setup so that normal inputs never reach the
full 5V input level. If the input is completely disconnected (including the voltage divider),
the voltage level will rise to 5V because of the pull-up resistor. Custom BCL software
can be written that takes appropriate action if the input is disconnected, indicated by
the input voltage reaching 5 volts.
• If you decide to use a voltage divider on the input with the pull-up resistor turned on,
the calculation for input voltage vs. output voltage is more complex, since you have to
R1
R2
Input
Voltage
> 5 Volts
Output
Voltage
Barionet
J6 Pin 1-4
J6 Pin 9
Output Voltage = Input Voltage x
R2
R1 + R2
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 100
Only
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account for the pull-up resistor and the 5V power supply it is tied to. Figure 24 shows
the equivalent schematic and the formula for calculating the effects of the voltage
divider with the 10kΩ pull-up turned on.
Figure 24. The effects of turning on the 10kΩ pull-up resistor on the voltage divider.
• The accuracy of the measured voltage is heavily dependent on the accuracy of the
resistor values chosen. If accurate measurements are required, be sure to use high
precision (1%), or use "trim" variable resistors that allow you to precisely set the divider
ratio. You can also measure the precise resistor values with a high-quality ohmmeter
and adjust the scale factors to compensate for any inaccuracy in the resistor values.
3.1.9.3 Using the Digital Inputs (Pins 1 – 8)
The first four Barionet 100 inputs (inputs 1 – 4) can be used as either analog or digital
inputs. The last four inputs (inputs 5 – 8) can only be used as digital inputs. All inputs can
be configured for either active high operation or active low operation and with or without
pull-up resistors.
In active high mode, the external device applies a voltage to the input. The switching
threshold (from low to high) is different for the first four analog/digital inputs and for the last
four digital-only inputs. Refer to the Specifications listed in Appendix F for more information
on the input switching thresholds.
The inputs can accept voltage levels as high as 24V, though above 5V levels, the input may
sink as much as 2 milliamps of current. Do not exceed 24V on the digital inputs. Inputs
should also not be driven below zero volts. In general, it's best to disable the pull-up
resistors in this mode, as the external device supplies the voltage to drive the inputs high or
low.
In active low mode, the input is considered active when it is connected to ground (or at a
voltage below the switching threshold—see the input specifications). This mode is normally
used with the pull-up resistor enabled when the input is connected to a switch or other
contact that pulls the input low when active. When the input is inactive, the pull-up resistor
pulls the input up to near 5 volts. The device driving the input must be capable of sinking at
least 200 micro amps (the current supplied by the 10k pull-up resistor tied to 5V).
Figure 25 shows a Barionet 100 digital input with the internal pull-up resistor enabled
connected to a push-button, switch or other contact. Notice that there is a separate ground
for the inputs (pin 9). This ground does not need to be tied to the power supply ground (pin
16) unless it is required by the external devices that drive the inputs.
R1
R2
Input
Voltage
> 5 Volts
Output
Voltage
Barionet
J6 Pin 1-4
J6 Pin 9
Output Voltage =
5V
Pullup
10k
+5V
10k
+
Input Voltage
R1
1
10k
+
1
R1
1
R2
+
Barionet 100
Only
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Only
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Figure 25. With the pull-up enabled, a digital input can be directly to a switch
or other contact.
3.1.9.4 Using the Digital Outputs (Pins 10 – 13)
The Barionet 100 also provides four open-collector digital outputs. These outputs can
switch up to 24 volts and can sink up to 100 milliamps of current. They are suitable for
driving LEDs, smaller signaling lamps, and relay coils, up to 24V and 100mA. The outputs
have current-limiting circuitry that prevents them from sinking more than 100mA. Figure 26
shows how the digital outputs are used.
Figure 26. The open-collector digital outputs can sink up to 100 milliamps.
Caution
If the digital outputs (pins 10 – 13) are used to drive
inductive loads, such as relay coils, the "snubber" diode
shown in Figure 26 is important and should be installed
close to the load. Inductive loads will generate short but
potentially large negative spikes when the output shuts off.
This large pulse can damage the Barionet's digital outputs.
The snubber diode shunts the pulses to ground. The diode
should be rated with peak reverse voltage of at least 50
volts and be capable of at least 1 amp forward current.
There is a separate ground for the outputs which can be used if the output loads are driven
by a separate power supply and ground. However, if the external loads use the same
ground as the Barionet 100 power supply, the output ground (pin 14) and the power supply
ground (pin 16) can be tied together. Keeping the output ground and power supply ground
separate improves noise immunity, especially when using 1-Wire® temperature sensors.
Figure 27 shows two methods of connecting outputs and grounds. The upper diagram
shows digital outputs using a separate power supply and ground. This is the preferred
Barionet
J6 Pins 1-8
J6 Pin 9
Pull-up resistor
+5V
Enable/disable
pull-up
Switch or other
contact
Digital Input
Barionet
J6 Pins 10 - 13
J6 Pin 14
Digital Output
Current
limiter
Output Ground
Load
<= 24 V
<= 100
mA
Required for
Inductive Loads
(e.g. relay coils)
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Only
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Only
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method for noise immunity. The lower diagram shows digital outputs driven by a common
power supply and ground.
Figure 27. Digital outputs can use a separate power supply and ground or a
common power supply and ground.
3.2 Barionet 50 Hardware Interfaces
This section describes the hardware interfaces for the Barionet 50. Please see Section 3.1
for information on the hardware interfaces for the Barionet 100.
3.2.1 Barionet 50 Connectors Overview
Figure 28 shows the Barionet 50 connectors and LEDs. Please refer to this diagram in the
following sections for the physical location of each of the hardware interfaces and their
corresponding connectors.
Figure 28. The Barionet 50 connectors and indicators.
Barionet
Power
Supply
Barionet
Load
Power
Supply
+
-
+
-
15
16
10
11
14
100 mA
max
Barionet
Power
Supply
Barionet
+
-
15
16
10
11
14
100 mA
max
Digital Outputs with a separate output power supply and ground
Digital Outputs with a single common power supply and ground
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 50 Only
Barix
Barionet 50
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3.2.2 Red and Green Status Indicators
The red and green status indicators display the status of the Barionet 50. During the startup operation, the indicators show the status of the boot up operation and, if the Barionet is
configured to acquire its IP address automatically, the lights flash in a specific pattern while
the Barionet is acquiring an IP address. If errors are detected during these processes, the
lights flash in a pattern that indicates the type of error. The following table summarizes the
start-up phases and the light patterns
3.2.3 Ethernet Interface: (J1)
The Barionet 50 provides a standard RJ-45 10/100 megabit (Mb), full/half duplex, auto
negotiation Ethernet interface. Two indicators on the front face of the RJ-45 connector
show the network status as defined in the following table:
Left LED
Right LED
Function
Orange
Blinking indicates Ethernet traffic.
Green
Link OK
3.2.4 Power (J2)
The Barionet 50 can be operated from a power supply from 9 to 30 volts DC. Voltages
above 30V on the supply inputs may cause damage. The positive lead of the power supply
Mode
Red Status LED
Green Status LED
Comments
Boot up
On
Off
During the brief boot-up sequence, the
red LED is on. However, this period is
typically 1 second or less, so it appears
to be a brief flash, The green LED is also
on for an even shorter period, but the
time is so short that the green LED
appears to be off.
Automatic
IP Address
Acquisition
(DHCP,
IPZator,
AutoIP)
Alternate
blinking
(continuous)
Alternate
blinking (blink
on for 5 cycles
then off for 3
cycles
During the IP address acquisition
process, the red and green LEDs
alternate flash for 5 cycles. Then, the
green LED is off for three cycles, so the
red flashes alone 4 times. This pattern
continues until the Barionet 50 acquires
an IP address or until an error is
detected.
If the Barionet 50 is set for a static IP
address, this step is skipped completely
Errors
Detected
On
Flashing three
or five times
If an error is detected at start-up, the
Barionet flashes the green LED as
follows:
3 green flashes indicate that the network
hardware could not be initialized, or the
MAC address is corrupt.
5 green flashes indicate that the loaded
BCL application is corrupt or there is an
IP address conflict.
Application
Running
Off
On
This is the normal condition after boot
up and address acquisition is complete.
Boot loader
Blinking
On
When the Barionet 50 is in boot loader
mode (used, for example, to upload new
firmware), the green LED is on steady
and the red LED flashes.
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Barionet 50 Only
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should be connected to pin 2 of J2 and the negative lead should be connected to pin 1, as
indicated on the label on the top of the Barionet 50 case.
The Barionet 50 uses a maximum of 4 watts from the power supply.
3.2.5 RS-232 Serial Interface (J3)
The Barionet 50 provides an RS-232 serial interface for connection to a variety of devices
that implement this serial interface. The RS-232 interface is supplied via a 9-pin sub D male
connector, wired as a DTE. The connector's DTE wiring is similar to a personal computer's
serial port, as defined in the following table.
Pin
Direction
Function
1 No connection
2
To Barionet
RxD Receive Data
3
From Barionet
TxD Transmit Data
4 No connection
5
From Barionet
Ground
6 No connection
7
From Barionet
RTS (Ready To Send)
8
To Barionet
CTS (Clear To Send)
9 No connection
The baud rate for the RS-232 port is selectable from 300 baud (bits per second) to 230,400
baud with 7 or 8 data bits, 1 or 2 stop bits, and even, odd, or no parity.
Hardware flow control can also be enabled or disabled. When hardware flow control is
enabled, the Barionet will only transmit data on the serial port when the CTS signal (Clear to
Send) is asserted (high). The RTS signal can be controlled from BCL to control data being
transmitted to the Barionet, but it is not automatically asserted when the Barionet 50 serial
input buffer fills. Software flow control (using Xon and Xoff characters) is also available.
. Note
The default settings for the RS-232 baud rate, data bits, stop
bits, parity and flow control parameters are set through the
web configuration interface (see "The Serial Settings Page" in
Chapter 2 for more details). These parameters can also be
specified in the BCL OPEN statement, and the parameters in
the BCL statement override the configuration settings on the
web page. If different parameters are specified in a BCL OPEN
statement, the parameters revert to the default settings
specified in the configuration pages when the connection is
closed in BCL.
A blinking RS-232 light on the Barionet or Barionet 50 top cover indicates activity on the
RS-232 port.
3.2.6 RS-485 Serial Interface (J4)
The RS-485 serial interface can be used to interface to Barix expansion modules, other
Modbus devices, or for interfacing to other RS-485 devices. The Barionet always acts as a
Modbus master.
This connector carries the RS-485 signals, a connection for reference ground as well as 5V
power supply and ground. The 5V power supply pin can supply a maximum of 100
milliamps and is protected by a self-resetting fuse. The following table defines the pins on
this connector.
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Pin
Pin Name
Function
1
G
Ground
2
+5V
+5 VDC (100 mA. max)
3
G
Ground 4 A
RS-485 A data signal
5
B
RS-485 B data signal
6
R
Shield (100 ohm resistor to ground)
The RS-485 indicator on the case flashes when there is activity on the RS-485 port.
Note
If the RS-485 indicator remains constantly lit, it's likely that
the A and B signals from the RS-485 port have been
swapped.
3.2.7 RS-485 Termination (S1)
In many cases where long wire runs or high baud rates are used, terminating the RS-485
interface will improve communication reliability. When the RS-485 termination switch is
turned ON (switched to the right), the RS-485 A and B signals are terminated as shown in
Figure 29. This termination is designed for twisted pair cables with a characteristic
impedance of about 100 ohms. If a cable with substantially different characteristic
impedance is used, an external termination network may be more suitable. Turning S1 off
(switch to the left) disconnects the termination network from the RS-485 A and B lines.
Figure 29. When S1 is turned on, the RS-485 A and B lines are
terminated as shown here.
As a general principle, the higher the baud rate or the longer the cable, the more
termination will improve interface reliability. Ideally, both ends of the line should be
terminated, but even terminating a single end will improve reliability.
3.2.8 Relay Outputs (J5)
The Barionet 50 provides four single-pole single-throw relay outputs capable of switching
up to 0.5 amps at 30 VDC maximum. The following table shows the relay connector pin
assignments.
Barionet
J4 Pin 4
+5V
RS-485 A
J4 Pin 5
RS-485 B
180 ohms
390 ohms
390 ohms
RS-485 driver
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Pin
Name
Function
1
R1
Relay 1 common
2
NO
Relay 1 normally open
3
R2
Relay 2 common
4
NO
Relay 2 normally open
5
R3
Relay 3 common
6
NO
Relay 3 normally open
7
R4
Relay 4 common
8
NO
Relay 4 normally open
When a relay is active, the common pin is connected to the normally open pin. When the
relay is inactive, these pins are disconnected. The four relay LED indicators just above J5
are lit when the corresponding relay is active.
3.2.9 1-Wire® Port (J6)
This two pin connector provides a Dallas Semiconductor 1-Wire® interface. The Barionet
firmware contains built-in support for up to 50 1-Wire temperature sensors and one 1-Wire
real time clock.
The pin assignments for the J6 expansion port are defined in the following table.
Pin
Name
Function
1
1W
1-wire data
2 G 1-wire ground
3.2.9.1 Connecting 1-Wire Temperature Sensors
The Barionet 50 firmware is compatible with the Dallas Semiconductor/Maxim DS18B20,
DS18S20, and DS1822 temperature sensors. These are three-pin devices that can be
powered either in "parasitic power mode" where the device draws its power from the data
stream itself, or they can be powered externally. For parasitic power mode, connect both
the Ground and VDD pins together to the Ground pin of J6 (pin 2). Connect the third "DQ"
pin to pin 1 ("1W") of the Barionet 50.
If you want to connect multiple temperature sensors to the Barionet 50, wire them in
parallel on a single cable connected to J6.
Barix also offers these temperature sensors conveniently packaged with 12" (33 cm) leads
and a small mounting hole. The Barix packaged sensors internally tie the Ground (pin 1)
and VDD (pin 3) of the sensors together, so there are only two leads to connect—one for
Data and one for ground.
For more information on the Barix "TS" Temperature sensor, refer to Appendix C:
Accessories.
Each temperature sensor has a permanently stored unique ID number, which is displayed in
the Temperature page of the built-in configuration web pages. See the description of The
Temperature Web Page in Chapter 2 for more details. The Barionet scans the 1-Wire bus
for temperature sensors at start-up and displays the IDs of the first eight sensors on the
configuration page. The IDs of all the sensors (up to 50) are available in registers listed in
Table A.5 in Appendix A.
There are two simple methods for identifying individual sensors:
1. Connect individual sensors to the Barionet one at a time. Then restart the Barionet and
record the sensor's ID. A small label on the sensor wire can be attached to permanently
label It.
Barionet 50 Only
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2. Connect all the sensors to the Barionet and use cooling spray to cool each sensor one
at a time to identify the sensor in the user interface.
The sensors are always displayed in the same order on the user interface until a new sensor
is introduced on the bus.
3.2.10 Inputs (J7)
Four digital inputs are available on the Barionet 50 with a built-in 27K ohm pull-up resistor
tied to each input. This allows the inputs to be directly tied to switches or relay contacts
that connect the input to ground (pins 1 or 2 of J8). See Figure 30. The input is active when
it is tied to ground.
Figure 30. The Barionet 50's four digital inputs are designed to be used with
switches or other contacts that connect to ground.
Caution
Do not apply voltage to these inputs. Each input is
protected by a 3.3V Zener diode that can be damaged if
voltage higher than 3.3V is applied.
3.2.11 Input Ground (J8)
This connector provides two pins that are the ground reference for the inputs. See Figure
30.
3.2.12 RS-485 Expansion Port (J10)
This connector provides the same RS-485 data lines as J4 (RS-485 A and B), plus the
unregulated power supply and ground. The following table shows the pin assignments.
Pin
Name
Function
1 + Unregulated power supply
2 - Power supply ground
3 A RS-485 A data signal
4 B RS-485 B data signal
J10 provides a convenient way to connect Barix expansion modules, such as the R6, X8
and IO12, to the Barionet 50 with the 4-pin extension cable supplied with each extension
device.
Barionet
J7 Pin 1
J8 Pin 1,2
+5V
Switches or other
contacts
Pull-up
resistors
J7 Pin 2
J7 Pin 3
J7 Pin 4
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4 Software Interfaces
The Barionet supports a variety of protocols and software interfaces via the Ethernet and
serial hardware interfaces. The following table lists the software interfaces and protocols
supported by the Barionet. Both models (the Barionet 50 and the Barionet 100 support all
of these protocols).
Software
Interface/Protocol
Hardware Interface
Application
HTTP
Ethernet
The Barionet comes from the factory with
configuration and control web pages.
Customized dynamic pages can also be
loaded.
ASCII Command
Ethernet
A built-in ASCII command protocol over TCP or
UDP, with status change messages sent over a
TCP connection or to a specified port using
UDP.
SNMP
Ethernet
Allows control and monitoring of the Barionet
via Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP)
Syslog
Ethernet
Allows logging of internal events and messages
via the syslog protocol.
Modbus/TCP
Ethernet
Modbus protocol over TCP.
Modbus
RS-485
Control of external Modbus slave modules from
the Barionet with custom BCL software.
Serial Gateway
Ethernet, RS-232,
RS-485
Built-in serial gateway function forwards data
from the Ethernet interface on a defined TCP
port to the RS-232 and/or RS-485 interfaces.
Custom BCL
Applications
Ethernet, RS-232,
RS-485
Custom applications written in the BCL
language can interact with any of the hardware
interfaces.
This chapter describes each of the software interfaces, but does not go into detail about
creating custom applications. Chapter 5 focuses exclusively on creating custom web pages
and BCL applications.
4.1 Built-in Web Server (HTTP)
The Barionet has a built-in web server that can serve pages stored in the Barionet's nonvolatile memory. By default, the web server listens for HTTP requests on port 80. However,
this port number can be changed to a non-standard port number through the web-based
configuration interface. See Setting the Web Server Port.
Note
If the web server port is changed from the default value of
80, you'll need to append the new port number to any
HTTP requests for web pages from the Barionet, by adding
a colon and the port number at the end of the URL. For
example, if you change the web server port to 8080 from
the default 80, the URL will look something like this:
http://192.168.0.40:8080/mypage.html
You can use the standard Barionet and Barionet 50 web pages to monitor the status of the
inputs and outputs and to change configuration settings. We'll discuss creating custom
web pages in Chapter 5: Creating Custom Applications & Web Pages.
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4.1.1 Web Server CGI
The Barionet's built-in web server also implements four CGI commands that allow HTTP
requests to initiate a variety of actions, such as setting the status of an output or initiating a
subroutine within a BCL program. The Barionet CGI commands that can be invoked by
entering them in the browser's address line or in HTML links (as an HTTP “GET”) or
embedding them in HTML forms (an HTTP “POST”).
4.1.1.1 The rc.cgi Command
The rc.cgi CGI command can be used to set the status of a Barionet output or relay. It also
includes an optional parameter for setting the name of a web page that will be displayed
after execution of the rc.cgi command is complete. The format of the rc.cgi command is as
follows:
http://<barionet IP address>/rc.cgi?o=<I/O address>,<value>[&L=<response page>]
For example, assuming the Barionet is set to address 192.168.0.32, entering the following
line into your browser's address bar will set relay number 2 to the on state (1). It also tells
the Barionet to display the index.html page after setting the relay output.
http://192.168.0.32/rc.cgi?o=2,1&L=index.html
Notice that after executing this command, the index.html page that is displayed shows
relay number 2 set to the "On" state.
You can set the relay back to the off state by entering the same line but changing the
<value> parameter to zero:
http://192.168.0.32/rc.cgi?o=2,0&L=index.html
The <value> parameter can be set to four different ranges of values according to the
following table.
Value
Function
0
Set the output to inactive (off)
1
Set the output to active (on)
999
Toggle the output. If it was on, change it to off and vice versa.
2 – 998 or
1000 – 9999
Toggle the output for n * 100 ms.
(e.g. 50 = toggle the output for 5 seconds)
See Appendix A: I/O Addressing for information on the I/O addresses of the various
Barionet outputs.
4.1.1.2 The BAS.cgi Command
The BAS.cgi CGI command can be used to set the value of one or more variables in a BCL
program. The format of the command is as follows:
http://<barionet IP address>/BAS.cgi?<variable name>=<value>
Variable names must already be defined within the currently executing BCL program. Since
all variable names in BCL are internally stored in upper case, the variable names in the cgi
command line must be in upper case.
Additional variable names and values can be appended to the end of the command using
the ampersand character (&) to separate each variable and value pair as follows:
BAS.cgi?<variable name>=<value>&<variable name>=<value>…
For example, the following URL entered in the browser's address bar sets the pre-defined
BCL variable named "VAR1" to a value of 9, and the string variable S$ to "Hello".
http://192.168.0.32/BAS.cgi?VAR1=9&S$=Hello
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You can also use an HTML form to submit a series of variables and values. Here's a simple
HTML form that when submitted sets the same two variables as the example above.
<form action="BAS.cgi" method="GET" target="empty">
<input type="hidden" name="VAR1" value="9">
<input type="hidden" name="S$" value="Hello">
<input type="submit" value="Send DATA">
</form>
Note
Values submitted directly in a URL using the BAS.cgi
command should not be wrapped in quotes. However,
when the values are submitted via a form, the HTML value
attribute generally expects the values to be wrapped in
quotes.
4.1.1.3 The setup.cgi Command
The setup.cgi command is used to store configuration setup values in the Barionet nonvolatile setup memory. It can also be used to initiate several operations, such as
resetting the Barionet to factory defaults, rebooting, or setting the debug level.
The table below describes the setup.cgi commands and arguments
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Setup.cgi
command
Arguments
Example
Comments
F
None
setup.cgi?F
Reset the Barionet to factory defaults.
See Resetting to Factory Defaults in
Chapter 7 for more information.
R
None
setup.cgi?R
Reboot the Barionet. See Rebooting the
Barionet in Chapter 7 for more
information.
X
0 – 9
setup.cgi?X=0
Set the debug level to the specified value
(0 – 9). See Setting the syslog debug
level in Chapter 2 for more information.
Y
0 or 1
setup.cgi?Y=1
Set the debug flag. See Setting the
debug flags in Chapter 2 for more
information.
P1
String
setup.cgi?P1=newpassword
The P1 command sets a new password.
The new password is passed as a string
argument, and must be 12 characters or
less in length. If an existing password is
set, the p parameter (described below)
must also be included with the old
password. Note that the Barionet must
be rebooted for the new password to
take effect. You can append the R
command to initiate a reboot. (e.g.
setup.cgi?P1=newpassword&R)
P
String
setup.cgi?P=oldpassword
The P command is used to specify an
old password for verification before
changing the password with the P1
command. The P command is not
necessary if no existing password is set.
If the old password specified does match
the existing password, the Barionet
issues a “You are not Authorized” error.
L
String
setup.cgi?L=newpage.html
Sets the page that setup.cgi should open
after completing other operations. This
parameter should be specified before a
factory reset or reboot commands in a
command line.
Setup
Variable
Name
Depends
on the
setup
variable
setup.cgi?B16=8
Sets the setup memory location
specified by the variable name to the
specified value. See the Setup memory
layout in Appendix B for the setup
variable names.
When setup.cgi is called from a web URL, multiple commands can be appended in the
URL, separated by ampersands. For example, the following command sets the baud
rate (by setting variable B16 to a value of 8). Then it specifies a new page to open after
the setup.cgi is complete. Finally, it reboots the Barionet so that the baud rate change
takes effect.
http://192.168.1.32/setup.cgi?B16=8&L=newpage.html&R
You can also construct an HTML form that calls setup.cgi. HTML elements within the form
must be named to correspond with the setup variable names and setup.cgi commands
described in the table above.
For example, here’s a simple form that sets the RS-232 baud rate and displays the
“newpage.html” web page after the setup.cgi command is complete. A more realistic form
would probably have a drop-down box named "B16" with various valid baud rates the user
can select and value properties that correspond to the baud rate setting values specified in
the setup memory tables in Appendix B. Note that HTML hidden form elements can be
used to specify commands that the user does not change, such as the “L” command that
specifies the new page.
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<form action="setup.cgi" method="GET">
<input type="hidden" name="B16" value="8">
<input type="hidden" name="L" value="newpage.html">
<input type="submit" value="Set Baud Rate">
</form>
Note
The setup.cgi command changes the values of
configuration parameters in the EEPROM. However, the
Barionet must be rebooted for those changes to take effect.
Refer to Appendix B: Configuration and Setup Memory Layout for the names of the
setup variables and their layout in setup memory.
Caution
Be very careful using the setup.cgi command because
setting inappropriate values in setup memory may cause the
Barionet to behave unpredictably or become unreachable.
Setup variable values can also be inserted into HTML pages using the &LSetup dynamic
tag. See the description of the &LSetup tag for more information.
4.1.1.4 The basic.cgi Command
The basic.cgi command is designed to initiate a subroutine within a BCL program. When
basic.cgi is invoked, a CGI handler subroutine defined within BCL using the ON CGI
statement is called. For example, assume that the currently running BCL program included
the following statement somewhere near the beginning of the program.
ON CGI GOSUB 100
When a basic.cgi command is invoked, the BCL program will suspend the currently
executing code and jump to the subroutine that begins at line 100. When this subroutine
is complete, control is returned to the original location in the BCL program that was
executing before basic.cgi was invoked.
The use of the ON CGI GOSUB statement and the basic.cgi CGI command is described
in more detail in the BCL Programmers Manual.
4.2 ASCII Command Protocol
The Barionet includes a built-in ASCII command protocol that allows you to send simple
English-like commands over TCP/IP. The commands allow you to control Barionet outputs
and to get the status of the inputs.
The ASCII command protocol can be used with either TCP or UDP. If you use a TCP
connection, only one device (i.e. a computer) can make a connection to the Barionet and
send and receive commands. On the other hand, UDP allows multiple devices or
computers to send commands to the Barionet.
In order to avoid conflicts with other applications, the ASCII command protocol is disabled
by default. To enable the command protocol, you must specify a port number in the Control
page of the web-based configuration page for the TCP Command Port and/or the UDP
Command Port. See the description of these parameters in the description of The Control
Web Page in Section 2.1.
4.2.1 Command Format
All Barionet ASCII commands use a similar format:
command-name[,argument1,argument2,…]<cr>
The command string begins with a command name, followed in some commands by one or
more arguments, separated from the command name and each other with commas. The
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command is terminated with a carriage return character (decimal value 13, hex 0x0D).
Command names are case sensitive. All command names are in lower case.
On the Barionet 100 using a TCP connection, a line feed character may also be appended
to the end of the command (decimal value 10, hex 0x0A), though it is not required.
Appending a line feed in the Barionet 50 using TCP or UDP or appending a line feed using
UDP on the Barionet 100 will cause a command error.
If the command generates a response, the response string will be in a similar format. It will
only have a carriage return character (no line feed) at the end.
4.2.2 ASCII Commands
4.2.2.1 Iolist
The iolist command returns a comma-separated list of the IO capabilities of the Barionet.
The return string contains the number of I/O types in each of the following categories:
• Analog inputs (4 on the Barionet 100, 0 on the Barionet 50)
• Digital inputs (8 on the Barionet 100, 4 on the Barionet 50)
• Analog outputs (0 on both the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50—reserved for future use)
• Digital outputs (4 on the Barionet 100, 0 on the Barionet 50)
• IR outputs (0 on both the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50—reserved for future use)
• Relays (2 on the Barionet 100, 4 on the Barionet 50)
• Temperature sensors (zero to 50, depending on the number detected)
The Barionet 50 with no temperature sensors attached responds like this:
io,0,4,0,0,0,4,0
The Barionet 100 with no temperature sensors attached responds like this:
io,4,8,0,4,0,2,0
4.2.2.2 version
This command returns the hardware type and software version of the device using the
following syntax:
version,<hardware_type> <command_protocol_version>
Here's a typical response:
version,BARIONET 1.3
Note that the last parameter is the version of the ASCII protocol implemented in this
Barionet, not the firmware version of the Barionet.
4.2.2.3 getio,<i/o address>
This command gets and returns the state of the I/O port specified by the parameter. For
example, to get the state of the first relay, the command is:
getio,1
The response is in the following format:
state,<i/o address>,<value>
If the first relay is active, the getio,1 command responds with:
state,1,1
For analog values, the getio command returns the un-scaled value. For example, to get the
current analog value of analog input number 1 in a Barionet, send the command:
Barionet 100
Only
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getio,501
With an analog input level of 600 on input 1, the Barionet responds with:
state,501,600
See Appendix A: I/O Addressing for a list of I/O addresses.
4.2.2.4 setio,<i/o address>,<value>
The setio command sets an output to a specified state. The value parameter can be one of
three types:
• An absolute value. 1 = active, 0 = inactive
• A special "toggle" value (999), which toggles the output to the opposite of the current
state. If the output was active, it goes inactive and vice versa when this value is used in
the setio command.
• A pulse value from 2 – 998, which indicates a period of time that the output should be
toggled. The output toggles from its current state to the opposite state for the period of
time specified in the argument. Then it toggles back to the original state. The pulse
parameter is in 100 millisecond units (1/10th second). A parameter of 50 indicates that
the specified output will toggle for 5 seconds and then return to the original state.
For example, to set the first relay to active state, send the command:
setio,1,1
To toggle relay 1 for 15 seconds and then return to its previous state, send this command:
setio,1,150
Sending another setio command with a toggle value (i.e. from 2 – 998) while the output is
toggled, will not toggle the output again, but simply extend the amount of time that the
output is toggled.
4.2.3 Unsolicited State Change Messages
The Barionet can also send unsolicited state change messages when an input or output
changes state. A state change message is delivered in the following format:
statechange,<i/o address>,<value>
State change messages are handled a bit differently over TCP and UDP.
4.2.3.1 State Changes Message over TCP
With a TCP connection, state change message behavior is controlled in the Control page of
the configuration web pages. If the "TCP Initial I/O State Subscriptions" parameter in the
Control settings page is set to "Local I/O", state change messages for any digital input or
output or relay are sent to the TCP socket specified in the TCP Command Port parameter.
If the TCP Protocol default Subscriptions parameter is set to "None", state change
messages are not sent by default. Instead, the "TCP Add I/O state Subscriptions"
parameter affects when state change messages are enabled. If the "TCP Add I/O state
Subscriptions" setting is set for "With getio/setio", every time a getio or setio command is
sent, state change messages are automatically enabled on the input or output addressed
by the getio or setio command.
Refer to the description of the Setting the TCP initial I/O state subscriptions and Setting the
TCP add I/O state subscriptions settings in Chapter 2 for more information on these
parameters.
The table below summarizes the behavior of state change messages over a TCP
connection.
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TCP Initial I/O state
Subscriptions Setting
TCP Add I/O state
Subscriptions Setting
State Change Messages Sent?
None
None
No state change messages sent.
Local I/O
Either setting
All state change messages are sent.
None
With getio/setio
State change messages sent for any input
or output previously addressed by a getio
or setio command.
In addition, if the TCP Default Subscriptions setting is set to "Local I/O", the Barionet will
send one state change message for each of the digital inputs and outputs when a TCP
connection on the TCP command port is first established.
4.2.3.2 State Changes Message over UDP
State change messages are also transmitted over UDP in the same format. In order to
receive state change messages, the UDP info send to parameter and the UDP destination
port must be set. If these parameters are set to non-zero values, state change messages
will be sent via UDP to the specified IP address and port whenever one of the digital inputs,
outputs, or relays changes state.
Note
A single UDP packet may contain more than one state
change message if multiple state changes occur
simultaneously or very close in time. Each state change
message is terminated by a carriage return.
In addition, if the UDP interval value is set to a value other than zero, a series of state
messages will be sent at the interval (in seconds) defined by the UDP interval value. One
state message is sent for each digital input, output, and relay. These periodic messages are
in the same format as state change messages, but use the command word "state" instead
of "statechange" to differentiate the messages.
Here's a typical set of state messages sent from a Barionet 50:
state,1,0
state,2,0
state,3,0
state,4,0
state,201,0
state,202,0
state,203,0
state,204,0
All the state messages may be sent in a single UDP packet, but each state message is
terminated by a carriage return.
Refer to the description of Setting the UDP Send Info Address and Setting the UDP
Destination Port in Chapter 2 for more information on these parameters.
4.2.4 Getting Started with the ASCII Command Protocol
A simple way to begin using the ASCII command protocol is to set the TCP port number to
the standard telnet port (23) and open a connection to the Barionet 100 or Barionet 50
using a telnet (terminal) application.
For best results, set your terminal application for:
• Local echo. This causes the terminal application to show the characters you type on
screen without depending on the Barionet to "echo" the characters back to the terminal
application. The Barionet does not echo command characters sent to it.
• Append a line feed to carriage returns. The Barionet terminates all its responses with
carriage return (no line feed). As a result, when you get a response from the Barionet,
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the terminal program's cursor will still be on the same line as the last response from the
Barionet. The next command you type will appear over the top of the previous
response. Configuring your telnet application to append a line feed after any carriage
return character it receives moves the cursor down a line after each response. This
behavior has no effect on the functionality of the ASCII command protocol, but makes
the display easier to read.
In Microsoft Windows, the HyperTerminal application that comes standard with the
operating system can be configured this way. To use HyperTerminal to connect to the
Barionet, follow these steps:
1. In HyperTerminal, create a new connection, and give it any name you choose. Click
OK.
2. In the second dialog box choose "TCP/IP (Winsock)" from the "Connect Using" drop
down box and click OK.
3. Enter the IP address of the Barionet or Barionet 50 in the "Host Address" box. Make
sure the Port number matches the TCP Port number you set in the Barionet's
configuration. The default for the telnet application is port 23.
4. Choose "Properties" from the File menu and click the "Settings" tab in the dialog box.
Click the "ASCII Setup button near the bottom of the dialog.
5. Check the "Send line ends with line feed", the "Echo typed characters locally" and the
"Append line feeds to incoming line ends" check boxes in this dialog and click "OK".
6. Click OK in the Properties dialog box.
7. Check your connection by typing version and pressing enter. You should see a
response similar to the one shown in the description of the version command above.
4.3 SNMP
The Barionet implements the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) for monitoring
and control. Typically, the Barionet will be monitored or controlled using an SNMP manager
program installed on a computer on the network.
The SNMP manager uses a special database file called a Management Information Base
(MIB) to define the objects (registers) that can be managed in the device. The Barionet
ships with an MIB file stored in its non-volatile memory that defines the Barionet's I/O
capabilities. You can download the MIB file by clicking on a link in the help pane on the
right side of the SNMP page in the Configuration web pages. The MIB file is available in two
forms—a directly viewable form that will appear in your browser when you click the link,
and a ZIP file that can be downloaded from the Barionet into your computer. If you
download the ZIP file, you'll need a program capable of extracting the MIB file from the ZIP
package. Most recent version of Microsoft Windows as well as Mac OS X versions 10.3 and
later, have built-in ability to open and unpack ZIP files. The unpacked barionet.MIB file can
then be loaded into the SNMP manager.
The SNMP manager can monitor the operational state of the Barionet (i.e. is it up and
running?) and also read and write to the entire range of inputs, outputs, and virtual I/O
registers. The Barionet SNMP implementation uses the same I/O addresses (i.e. registers)
as the CGI commands, the ASCII protocol, Modbus/TCP, and the IOSTATE and IOCTL
statements in BCL. See Appendix A: I/O Addressing for a complete listing of the I/O
addresses.
The Barionet also implements SNMP traps, which are special SNMP messages initiated by
the Barionet to inform an SNMP manager of an alarm condition. You can configure the
Barionet 100 and Barionet 50 to generate a TRAP when a digital input changes state. You
can also generate a trap using the TRAP statement in a BCL program.
To use traps generated by the digital inputs, you must set the trap receiver IP address in
the configuration web pages and enable traps on the digital inputs. You can also optionally
specify a repeat time to generate traps at the specified interval for as long as the input is
active. If the repeat time is set for zero (the default), a trap is generated each time the input
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changes state (i.e. goes inactive to active or active to inactive), but no traps are generated
except at the input transitions. If the trap receiver IP address is set for 0.0.0.0 (the default),
no input state change traps are generated even if traps are enabled on the digital inputs.
The TRAP statement in BCL specifies its own receiver IP address within the statement, so
it is not dependent on the configuration setting for the trap receiver IP address. The TRAP
statement ignores this setting.
Refer to the description of the SNMP Configuration page for more details on setting the
SNMP parameters and for downloading the MIB file.
Note
If traps are enabled on all of the Barionet 100 inputs
(addresses 201 – 208), traps will also be generated on the
virtual I/O bits from address 209 to 400. If any of the eight
inputs are set to “No” in the SNMP Configuration page,
traps will not be generated on these virtual I/O bits. See
Table A.5 in Appendix A for more information on I/O
addresses.
4.4 Syslog
The Barionet can send text messages to a standard syslog server using UDP. There are a
variety of syslog programs available on the Internet for capturing and viewing syslog
messages.
The Barionet generates two types of syslog messages:
• System generated status, debug, and error messages. These messages are built-in to
the Barionet firmware. The type of messages generated depends on the Debug Level
setting set in the Control page of the configuration web pages.
• User-generated messages embedded in a BCL program using the syslog statement.
For more information on using the syslog statement, refer to the BCL Programmers
Manual. Syslog statements inserted into a BCL program are an important tool for
debugging BCL programs. See Chapter 7 for more information on troubleshooting.
Setting the syslog server IP address causes syslog messages to be sent to that specific IP
address on port 514. If the syslog server IP address is set to 0.0.0.0, the Barionet sends
syslog messages on the subnet's broadcast address, so all devices on the same subnet
that listen on port 514 will receive the messages. For more information on setting the syslog
server IP address and syslog debug level, refer to the description of these settings in
Chapter 2.
4.5 Modbus/TCP
The Barionet can also be controlled and monitored using the industry-standard
Modbus/TCP protocol. Support for the Modbus/TCP protocol is built in to the Barionet
firmware.
The Modbus/TCP protocol uses standard TCP Port 502. The only configurable setting for
the Modbus/TCP protocol is the timeout period. If a timeout period is set, the Barionet
closes any open connection to port 502 if no traffic occurs on the port within the timeout
period. See Setting the Modbus/TCP Timeout in Chapter 2 for more information.
The Barionet implements most of the standard function codes specified in the
Modbus/TCP standard. The following table shows the function codes and their use in the
Barionet.
Barionet 100
Only
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Function
Code
Description
01
Read Coils. Reads the current state of one or more inputs, outputs, or registers. The
state is returned as a single bit (1 or 0) per input, output, or register packed into one
or more bytes in the response.
02
Read Discrete Inputs. Functionally identical to function code 01 in the Barionet
implementation.
03
Read Holding Registers. Reads the state of one or more 16-bit registers. For
registers that map to digital inputs, the response is either 0 or 1. For registers that
map to analog values (temperatures or analog inputs on the Barionet), the current
analog value is returned.
04
Read Input Registers. Functionally identical to function code 03 in the Barionet
implementation
05
Write single coil. Writes a single bit (0 or 1) to a Barionet I/O register. If the register
maps to an output, the output is set active or inactive based on the value written. If
the register maps to an input, the Barionet responds by echoing the request as per
the Modbus/TCP specification.
06
Write single register. Writes a 16-bit value to a Barionet I/O register. If the register
corresponds to a digital output or relay the output is set as follows:
Value
Output Response
0
The output is set to inactive (off)
1
The output is set to active (on)
999
The output is toggled from its current state to the opposite state.
2-998 or
1000-9999
The output is toggled for the period specified by the value in
100-millisecond (1/10th second) increments. For example, writing
a value of 50 toggles the output for a period of 5 seconds.
15
Write multiple coils. Similar to function code 05 except that this function can write a
single bit (0 or 1) to up to 65,535 registers in a single operation.
16
Not implemented in the Barionet/Barionet 50
For more information on the Modbus/TCP and Modbus protocols, please see
http://www.modbus.org/specs.php and the Barix Modbus wiki at:
http://wisi.barix.com/index.php5/Modbus.
4.6 Modbus via RS-485
Unlike the Modbus/TCP protocol, which is built into the Barionet firmware, Modbus ASCII
or Modbus/RTU protocols over the RS-485 interface must be implemented by the user in
BCL code. Both Modbus ASCII and Modbus/RTU (binary) protocols are relatively
straightforward to implement using BCL. The Barix expansion modules (X8, R6, and IO12)
all implement the binary Modbus/RTU protocol.
The RS-485 interface settings can be configured in the Serial Settings page in the
Configuration web pages. The Barix expansion modules default to 19200 baud, eight bits,
even parity, and one stop bit.
For more information on implementing the Modbus/RTU protocol in BCL and interfacing to
the Barionet expansion modules, see the following references:
• The Modbus Specification: http://www.modbus.org/specs.php
• The Barix BCL Programmer's manual, available for download from the Barix web site
at: http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/
• The Barix Expansion module manuals:
http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Extensions/1441/
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4.7 Serial Gateway Function
The Barionet also has a built-in serial gateway function that can be used to forward traffic
on one or both of the RS-232 and RS-485 interfaces to TCP/IP. If a TCP connection is
made to the port specified in the Local Port setting on the configuration page, any traffic
received by the Barionet on this TCP connection will be sent on the corresponding serial
interface (either the RS-232 or RS-485, depending on the Local Port settings). Data
received on the serial interface will be sent to the TCP connection as well.
Note
Don't confuse the serial gateway function, which is built into
the Barionet firmware with the digital I/O and serial tunnel
sample application, which is a sample BCL application preloaded with the standard firmware. The serial gateway
function forwards traffic from one or both of the serial
interfaces to TCP/IP. The serial tunnel BCL application
allows to Barionets to "tunnel" serial port data across a
network via TCP/IP. For more information on the digital I/O
and serial tunnel sample application, see Chapter 6.
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5 Creating Custom Applications & Web Pages
The Barionet offers a variety of built-in interfaces that you can use to monitor and control
the various I/O functions without any custom programming or web page development.
These standard interfaces are described in Chapter 4 of this manual.
For more advanced or customized applications, you can create custom HTML web pages
including static text, graphics as well as proprietary Barix tags that insert dynamic data,
such as the current state of Barionet inputs or outputs into the page. For ultimate
application flexibility, you can also create and load custom BCL programs into the Barionet.
BCL programs can read Barionet inputs, control outputs, accept input from the web server
and send output to the web server, as well as send and receive data on the RS-232,
RS-485, and Ethernet interfaces.
This chapter provides details on creating and loading custom HTML pages into the
Barionet. It also describes the process of creating, loading, and debugging BCL programs.
For more details on the BCL language, refer to the BCL Programmers Manual.
5.1 Development Process Overview
Figure 31 shows a flow chart of the typical development process for creating or modifying
custom BCL or HTML applications. The process includes six main steps. You may skip
some of these steps if you don't need to create custom HTML pages or you don't need
custom BCL code.
1. If you need to create custom HTML pages, write or edit the HTML page file(s) using any
convenient editor that generates plain text output. Some editors will even help check
your HTML syntax.
2. If you need to create custom BCL code, write the code, again using a convenient text
editor. You can use almost any editor that can create plain text files. For the Windows
platform, the free Notepad++ editor (http://notepad-plus.sourceforge.net/uk/site.htm)
can be set to recognize BASIC syntax, which is very similar to BCL. Versions of
Notepad++ are available for a variety of operating systems.
3. Process the BCL text file through the tokenizer program to create a .TOK file. You can
skip this step if you don't need a custom BCL program.
4. Package the HTML files, the .TOK file output from the tokenizer (if you are creating a
custom BCL program), and some other support files into a .COB file using the web2cob
program (called bpkg in Macintosh and Linux).
5. Upload the .COB file to the appropriate user memory area in the Barionet.
6. Test the pages and/or application. If you find bugs or need to make changes, repeat
this process.
The next several sections describe these steps in more detail.
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Figure 31. A flow chart of the typical development process for custom HTML pages and
BCL applications.
5.2 Creating Custom HTML Pages
Barionet web pages can include four types of elements:
• Text and images
• Standard HTML
• JavaScript
• Barix Proprietary HTML tags
The first three types of elements are common to all standard web pages. These elements
are transmitted from the web server to the browser exactly as they are stored in the
Barionet web server's memory without any changes. Thus, the text, images, HTML and
JavaScript you embed in the pages can contain anything that the browsers you use will
support. They do not depend on the Barionet. Note that the Barionet does not support a
server-side scripting language like PHP or ASP, though much of the same functionality can
be implemented using BCL code and Barix dynamic tags.
Creating/Editing a
BCL application?
Write/Edit BCL
Source Code in a
plain text Editor
Run Tokenizer to
Convert the .BAS
file to a .TOK file
Yes
Creating/Editing
Custom HTML
Pages?
Write/Edit HTML
Code in a plain
text Editor
Run Web2Cob to
Create the COB
file
Upload COB file(s)
to Barionet using
TFTP
Yes
No
No
Found Bugs or
Changes?
Test
Yes
Start
Done
No
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This manual assumes that the reader is familiar with standard HTML. There are many
excellent tutorials and references available for HTML on the internet.
5.2.1 Barix Dynamic Tags
Imbedding Barix proprietary tags in your Barionet web page allows you to display a variety
of dynamic data, including the current status of inputs and outputs as well as BCL variable
values, and setup memory values.
Note
Unlike standard HTML, the Barix proprietary tags described
in this section are case sensitive. They must appear in the
case shown to be recognized by the Barionet's web server.
Otherwise, the tag will not be replaced and may appear in
the web page unchanged.
5.2.1.1 Barix Tag Summary
The following table lists the Barix proprietary tags and their function. Each tag is described
in more detail in the following sections.
Tag
Description
&L(…);
Barix Initialization tag. Required before any other Barix dynamic tags.
&LIO(… )
Inserts the current value of an input or output in the page in place of this tag.
&LBAS( … )
Inserts the current value of a BCL variable in place of this tag or calls a BCL
subroutine that generates output to insert in place of this tag.
&LSetup( … )
Inserts the value of a configuration variable in place of this tag.
5.2.1.2 Initialization Tag
To use any of the Barix dynamic tags in your web pages, the web server requires a special
initialization tag be present before any other Barix tags and within the first 512 bytes of
every web page that uses the dynamic tags. The format of the initialization tag is:
&L(0,"*",<security flag>);
The optional <security flag> argument is a security flag that indicates whether the page
should be protected by the configuration password feature. Set this flag value to 2 to
protect the page or zero to leave the page unprotected. If the third parameter is omitted, it
will default to zero (unprotected). See the description of The Security Web Page for more
details on setting a password to protect the standard configuration pages as well as any
custom pages marked with this parameter. Refer to Password Protecting Custom HTML
Pages for more details on using the password protection feature in custom web pages.
This initialization tag can appear anywhere within the first 512 bytes of the page, but it is
typically embedded in HTML comment tags somewhere in the <HEAD> section of the page
like this:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<!-- &L(0,"*",2); -->
</HEAD>
It's not required that you embed the initialization tag within an HTML comment (i.e. within
the <!-- and --> tags). However, doing so prevents the tag from appearing as a syntax error
in editors that check HTML syntax.
5.2.1.3 I/O Status Tag (&LIO)
The &LIO tag inserts the current value of an input or output into a web page. When the
Barionet web server encounters this tag in a web page, it replaces the tag with the current
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status of the specified input or output before sending the page to the browser.
There are two forms of the &LIO tag. The syntax of the first form of the tag is:
&LIO(1,<format>,<I/O address>);
<format> is a string that controls the formatting of the output value, similar to the
format string used in the "C" programming language for formatted
output. See the description of Format Strings later in this section for
details in the format string.
<I/O address> specifies the address of the I/O whose current state is to be inserted in
place of this tag. See the tables in Appendix A for a list of I/O addresses
associated with various inputs and outputs.
For example, the following tag inserts the current state of digital input number 2 into the
web page. The Barionet web server replaces this tag with either a "1" or a "0", depending
on the state of the digital input at the time that the page is generated.
&LIO(1,"%u",202);
While this tag only inserts a “1” or “0”, the &LIO tag can also be imbedded in other HTML,
such as an image tag. Using this technique, you can create a page that displays different
images depending on the state of an input. For example, the following HTML displays
“image1.jpg” if the input is active, and image0.jpg if the input is inactive:
<IMG src=”image&LIO(1,"%u",202);.jpg”>
Analog values can also be inserted. The tag below inserts the raw value of the first
temperature sensor, which ranges from 0 – 4095 (A value of 4096 indicates no sensor is
present). However, this tag outputs the value in fixed point format, with a single digit to the
right of the decimal point, so a value of 235 would be displayed as 23.5.
&LIO(1,"%0.1F",601).
There is also a second form of the &LIO tag that is particularly useful for displaying analog
input values because this form of the tag also includes three scaling factors that make it
easy to convert the raw analog values into meaningful values. The syntax of the second
form of the tag is:
&LIO(2,<format>,<I/O address>,<multiplier>,<offset>,<divisor>);
<format> A string that controls the formatting of the output value, similar to the
format string used in the "C" programming language for formatted
output. See the description of Format Strings later in this section for
details in the format string.
<I/O address> Specifies the address of the I/O whose current state is to be inserted in
place of this tag. See the tables in Appendix A for a list of I/O addresses
associated with various inputs and outputs.
The last three arguments specify values that are applied to scale the analog value before it
is inserted into the web page. They are applied to the numeric value in the order they
appear in the tag.
<multiplier> The numeric value from the input is first multiplied by the multiplier.
<offset> Next, the offset is added to the result after the multiplier is applied.
<divisor> Finally, the resulting value is divided by this constant.
Displaying a temperature sensor value in degrees Celsius provides a good example of
using this form of the tag. As previously mentioned, the temperature sensors return a raw
value of 0 – 4095 (or -2048 to +2047 in signed notation). The following tag inserts the
temperature reading from the first temperature sensor, scaled in degrees Celsius:
&LIO(2,"%.1F",601,5,0,8);
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In this tag, the raw signed value from the first temperature sensor (I/O address 601) is
multiplied by 5, no offset is added, and the result is divided by 8. The result is a
temperature value that is 10 times the actual value in degrees Celsius. However, the
"%.1F" format string effectively divides the value by ten by inserting the decimal point with
one digit to the right of the decimal.
For example, a raw output value from the sensor of 520 would be displayed as 32.5
degrees Celsius. (520 x 5 / 8 = 325, with one digit after the decimal = 32.5).
Scaling the same raw temperature value to degrees Fahrenheit is easy as well:
&LIO(2,"%.1F",601,9,2560,8);
In this example, the raw value from the first temperature sensor is multiplied by 9. Then a
value of 2560 is added to account for the 32 degree offset between Fahrenheit and Celsius
scales, and the result is divided by eight. The output is a value that is ten times the
temperature in Fahrenheit. Again, the "%0.1F" moves the decimal point one place to the
left, resulting in a value in degrees Fahrenheit with one digit after the decimal place.
Using the same example as above, if the raw sensor value is 520, the output would be 90.5
degrees Fahrenheit. ((520 x 9 + 2560) / 8 = 905, with one digit after the decimal = 90.5).
The same principle can be applied to scaling values read from the analog inputs on the
Barionet. The analog inputs provide a 10-bit (0 – 1023) raw output that corresponds to 0 to
5 volts input. The following tag displays the first analog input scaled to display the output
as 0 to 5 volts.
&LIO(2,"%.2F",501,500,0,1023);
This tag multiples the raw analog output by 500, adds no offset, and then divides by 1023.
The result is value from 0 – 500. The format string ("%.2F") moves the decimal point two
places to the left, resulting in a value from 0 to 5.00 volts.
If the analog input is measuring a higher voltage with a resistive divider to reduce the
voltage to 0 – 5 volts, you can scale the value to account for the effects of the voltage
divider in this tag as well. For example, if you're measuring a level that goes from 0 to 10V,
you would add a 2:1 voltage divider to reduce the 0 – 10V range to 0 – 5V. (see Creating an
Analog Voltage Divider in Chapter 3). However, you can compensate for the voltage divider
so that the &LIO tag displays 0 – 10V, by adjusting the scaling factors in the tag. Here's a
tag that will display values from 0 to 10V.
&LIO(2,"%.2F",501,1000,0,1023);
Note
Keep in mind that the Barionet does all internal math as
integers. There is no floating point data type in the Barionet,
so all the scaling factors must be integers. To avoid
truncation errors in the math, be sure to use a multiplier that
scales the value up enough so that you can divide by an
integer to get accurate results. All BCL integers are 32 bits
(-2147483648 to +2147483647). Take care to avoid scale
factors that will result in overflowing this range.
5.2.1.4 BCL Variable Tag (&LBAS)
The &LBAS tag inserts the value of a pre-defined BCL variable in a web page. When the
Barionet web server encounters this tag, it retrieves the current value of the specific
variable and replaces the tag with the value of the variable before sending the page to the
browser. If the variable does not exist in the currently executing BCL program, or a BCL
program is not running (e.g. at startup), the string [NO_VAR] is inserted in the page.
There are two forms of the BCL variable tag. The first form is show below:
&LBAS(1,<format>,<variable name>);
Barionet 100
Only
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<format> is a string that controls the formatting of the output value, similar to the format
string used in the "C" programming language for formatted output. See the description of
Format Strings later in this section for details in the format string.
<variable name> specifies the name of a BCL variable that must be defined in the currently
executing BCL program.
Here's a simple example that displays the current up time in seconds from the last time the
Barionet was booted, which is stored in the pre-defined BCL variable _DTS_.
&LBAS(1,"%lu",_DTS_);
The variable in the tag may also be a string variable or a numeric array as in these
examples:
&LBAS(1,"%fs",Str$);
&LBAS(1,"%ld",Array(5));
If an array element is specified in the &LBAS tag that is out of the range, the tag returns
"[NO_VAR]".
The second form of the BCL variable tag invokes a BCL subroutine to return text, instead of
simply retrieving a pre-defined BCL variable value. This form of the tag can be useful if
special processing or formatting of a value is required. Here is the second form of the
&LBAS tag:
&LBAS(2,<CGI string>,0);
When the Barionet web server encounters this form of the tag, it calls the subroutine
defined by the BCL statement ON CGI GOSUB and loads the pre-defined BCL variable
_CGI_$ with the <CGI string> from the &LBAS tag. The web server is blocked from
proceeding until the BCL subroutine finishes executing. The BCL subroutine sends any
output to be substituted for the &LBAS tag by writing to the pre-defined -1 stream handle
(e.g. write -1,"output"). The subroutine finishes by clearing the _CGI_$ variable and
executing a return statement.
Because the web server is blocked from proceeding until the BCL routine finishes,
subroutines that are called by this method must be kept as short and fast as possible.
The third argument in this form of the &LBAS tag is required, but ignored.
For more information on writing BCL subroutines please refer to the BCL Programmers
Manual available for download from the Barix web site: http://www.barix.com.
5.2.1.5 Setup Data Tag (&LSetup)
The &LSetup tag inserts configuration values stored in the Barionet's non-volatile
configuration memory into a web page. The &LSetup tag has three forms:
This first form of the &LSetup tag is the simplest and most common:
&LSetup(1,<format>,<pos>[,<type>]);
<format> A string that controls the formatting of the output value, similar to the
format string used in the "C" programming language for formatted
output. See the description of Format Strings later in this section for
details in the format string.
<pos> Specifies the byte offset position of the setup variable in the
Barionet's setup memory. See the setup memory layout tables in
Appendix B.
<type> Specifies the type of setup variable. There are four valid values:
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Type
Description
bx
A bit value where x = bit number
B
A byte value (the default)
S
A null-terminated string
W
A word value
If the <type> parameter is omitted, it is assumed to be a byte.
For example, the following HTML displays an editable text box that is pre-filled with the
current DHCP Host name:
DHCP Hostname:
<input name=S109 size=15 maxlength=15 value="&LSetup(1,"%s",109,S);">
The DHCP host name is a string that is stored beginning at location 109 in the setup
memory. The &LSetup tag above retrieves the host name string from location 109 and
inserts it in the value attribute of the input tag, so the input box appears pre-filled with the
current DHCP host name setting.
The name attribute in the HTML input tag above is not significant in retrieving the DHCP
host name. However, the name attribute is significant when this text box is part of a form
that is submitted using setup.cgi as the action for processing the form to save the results. If
the user makes changes to the DHCP host name value, the setup.cgi command can be
used to store the new value into setup memory. The name attribute tells setup.cgi where to
store the value of the input box.
In the HTML above, the name attribute of the input tag encapsulates the data type (S for a
string) and the bye position (109) of the data in setup memory. If this input box is part of a
form that is processed by setup.cgi, the name (S109) tells setup.cgi the type of data and
where to store it in setup memory. See the description of The setup.cgi Command for more
details on saving setup parameters using setup.cgi.
The second form of the &LSetup tag is designed specifically for netmask values. Netmask
values are stored in setup memory as a single integer with a count of the number of zero
bits in the netmask. The syntax of the second version of the &LSetup tag is very similar to
the first:
&LSetup(2,<format>,<pos>,<octet>);
<format> For this form of the &LSetup tag, the <format> string is generally
always "%u" because the net mask values are stored as a 16-bit
integer. See the description of Format Strings later in this section for
details in the format string.
<pos> Specifies the byte offset position of the setup variable in the
Barionet's setup memory. See the setup memory layout tables in
Appendix B.
<octet> Specifies which of 4 sets of numbers (called "octets") of the netmask
value should be displayed.
A few examples should help clarify the use of this form of the &LSetup tag.
Assume that the Barionet net mask is set for 255.255.255.0. Since the value in setup
memory is the count of zeros in the netmask, starting with the last byte, the value would be
8 (there are eight zeros).
A netmask of 255.255.0.0 would be stored as a value of 16.
Here is a set of four &LSetup tags that will display the netmask value:
<input name=N0 size=3 maxlength=3 value=&LSetup(2,"%u",6,0);> .
<input name=N1 size=3 maxlength=3 value=&LSetup(2,"%u",6,1);> .
<input name=N2 size=3 maxlength=3 value=&LSetup(2,"%u",6,2);> .
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<input name=N3B6 size=3 maxlength=3 value=&LSetup(2,"%u",6,3);>
Notice that there are four input boxes. Each box retrieves the value from location 6 of setup
memory. However, instead of directly displaying the value, the value is broken into four
parts based on the count of zeros and each part is displayed as a value from 0 – 255.
For the sake of simplicity in this example, we've omitted some JavaScript code that is
included in the Barionet's setup pages to verify the netmask values before they are stored.
The third form of the &LSetup tag conditionally inserts a string if the value in setup memory
matches a value specified in the &LSetup tag. This form of &LSetup is particularly useful in
the creating HTML list boxes, where one of several options displayed in the box must be
marked as "selected", based on the current value of the setup variable. Here's the syntax of
the third form:
&LSetup(3,<format>,<pos>,<type>,<compare_value>,<return string>);
<format> A string that controls the formatting of the output value, similar to the
format string used in the "C" programming language for formatted
output. See the description of Format Strings later in this section for
details in the format string. With this form of the &LSetup tag, the
format string is usually "%s" because the output value is usually a
string, such as "selected"
<pos> Specifies the byte offset position of the setup variable in the
Barionet's setup memory. See the setup memory layout tables in
Appendix B.
<type> Specifies the type of setup variable. There are four valid values:
Type
Description
bx
A bit value where x = bit number. (e.g b0 = bit zero of the
byte)
B
A byte value
S
A null-terminated string
W
A word value
<compare value> Specifies a value that should be compared to the current value of the
setup variable. If this compare value matches the current setting, the
setup tag is replaced with the <return string>. Otherwise, the setup
tag is replaced with nothing.
<return string> If the <compare value> matches the current value of the setup
variable, the &LSetup tag is replaced with this string. Otherwise, the
setup tag is removed from the HTML output and replaced with
nothing.
Here's a simple example of using this form of the &LSetup tag to create a drop-down box
with options to enable or disable traps on Digital input #1:
<select size=1 name=B65b0>
<option value=1 &LSetup(3,"%s",65,b0,1,"selected");>Yes</option>
<option value=0 &LSetup(3,"%s",65,b0,0,"selected");>No</option>
</select>
The &LSetup tags in this HTML fragment each compare the value of Bit 0 of the byte at
position 65 to the value 1 or 0. If bit 0 of the 65th byte is 1, the first tag returns "selected",
which causes the first option in the drop-down select box to be selected. If bit 0 is 0, the
first &LSetup tag returns nothing and the second tag returns "selected" so the second
value in the drop-down box is selected.
5.2.1.6 Format Strings
The &LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup dynamic tags described in the previous sections all include a
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"format" string that controls how the values that the web server substitutes for these tags
are displayed. The format strings follow a syntax that is similar to the "printf" format strings
used in the "C" programming language. The set of formatting strings that is supported in
these Barix dynamic tags is a subset of the standard "C" strings, with some functional
differences.
The following table summarizes the supported format strings:
Format
Example
Applies to
Description
%[[–|0]n]u
%u
&LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup
Display the value as an unsigned 16-bit
integer
(0 – 65,535)
%[[–|0]n]lu
%lu
&LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup
Display the value as an unsigned 32-bit
integer
(0 – 4,294,967,295)
%[[–|0]n]d
%d
&LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup
Display the value as a signed 16-bit
integer
(-32,768 - +32,767)
%[[–|0]n]ld
%ld
&LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup
Display the value as a signed 32-bit
integer
(-2,147,483,648 - +2,147,483,647)
%[[–|0]n]x
%x
&LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup
Display the value as a 16-bit hexadecimal
number
(0 – FFFF)
%[[–|0]n]lx
%lx
&LIO, &LBAS, &LSetup
Display the value as a 32-bit hexadecimal
number
(0 – FFFFFFFF)
%[[-|0][n].dF
%.2F
&LIO, &LBAS
Display the integer value in a fixed-point
format with a specified number of digits to
right of the decimal point.
%c
%c
&LIO, &LBAS
Display the integer value as a single ASCII
character
%fs
%fs
&LBAS, &LSetup
Display a string
%v
%v
&LIO, &LBAS
Display the Barionet firmware version
Each of the numeric format strings includes several optional parameters that control
specifics of how the output is formatted. The following table describes the optional
parameters
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Parameter
Applies to
Description
n
%u, %lu, %d,
%ld, %x, %lx,
%F
Specifies the number of character positions in the output string. If
this parameter is omitted, the output string is only as wide as the
number of digits required to display the value.
If the value is smaller than the number of digits required, the full
value is displayed regardless. If this parameter is larger than the
number of characters required to display the value, the output is
right justified and padded with spaces (or zeros) to the width
specified.
Keep in mind, however, that browsers typically collapse multiple
spaces into a single space for display, so only one space
character will typically be displayed before or after the numeric
string.
–
%u, %lu, %d,
%ld, %F
If the output number requires fewer characters than specified by
the "n" parameter, adding the minus sign left aligns the string,
adding space characters after the number to fill the field to the
specified length. If the minus sign is omitted, space characters are
added before the output to fill the field to the specified length.
0
%u, %lu, %d,
%ld, %x, %lx,
%F
If the output number requires fewer characters than specified by
the "n" parameter, the zero parameter specifies that the number
should be padded with leading zeros to the length specified by
"n". The 0 parameter and the minus sign (–) are mutually
exclusive.
d
%F
Specifies the number of digits to be displayed to the right of the
decimal point. Numeric values in the Barionet are always stored as
integers, but the %f format scales the value by inserting a decimal
point "d" digits from the left.
The table below shows several examples of format strings and the output they generate.
Barix Dynamic Tag
Example Output
Description
&LIO(1,"%lu",601);
3192
The output of the first temperature sensor is displayed
as an unsigned integer.
&LIO(1,"%.1f",601);
319.2
The same raw integer value from the temperature
sensor is displayed in floating point format with one
digit to the right of the decimal.
&LIO(1,"%lx",601);
C78
The temperature sensor value is displayed in
hexadecimal.
&LIO(1,"%05lx",601);
00C78
The hexadecimal value is displayed with leading zeros
in a field width of 5 characters
&LIO(1,"%8lx",601);
C78
The hexadecimal value is displayed in a field width of
8 characters with 5 spaces padded on the left. Note
that web browsers will typically collapse the 5 spaces
and only show a single space to preceding the
numeric value.
&LBAS(1,"%fs",S$);
Hello, world
The BCL string variable, S$, which contains "Hello,
world" is displayed.
&LBAS(1,"%c",Var1);
A
The BCL numeric variable Var1, which contains the
value 65 is displayed as an ASCII character "A".
&LBAS(1,"%V",Var1);
B1.03
The Barionet firmware version is displayed. The Var1
argument is required, but ignored.
5.2.2 Password Protecting Custom HTML Pages
The Barionet provides a password protection feature that can optionally require a password
to access the built-in configuration web pages. You can use this same feature to password
protect custom HTML web pages you create as well.
There are two steps required to add password protection to your custom web pages:
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1. Set the optional security parameter in the Barix dynamic initialization tag to a value of 2.
The tag must appear in the first 512 bytes of your custom page. See the description of
the Barix Initialization Tag earlier in this chapter for more information.
2. Use the Security page in the pre-loaded configuration web pages to set, clear, or reset
the password. If you want to create your own page to manage the password, copy the
HTML from the pre-loaded page in the file uisecurity.html and modify it as required for
your application. The uisecurity.html file can be found in the webuidevkit/bario50web
folder in the Barionet 50 update, rescue and development kit and the
webuidevkit/barionetweb folder in the Barionet 100 update, rescue and development
kit. These update and rescue kits are available for download on the Barix web site.
5.3 Creating Custom BCL Applications
In many cases, a few HTML web pages with Barix dynamic tags will be all that's required to
customize the Barionet to a specific application. However, if your application requires
unique input or output processing, you need to control one of the Barix extension modules,
or you need to implement more complex functions such as sending email on a specific
condition of inputs, you'll probably need to create a custom BCL program. BCL gives you
ultimate flexibility to create an application that does precisely what you need.
Fortunately, creating BCL applications is a simple process if you're familiar with most any
other programming language. BCL is very similar to the BASIC language with specific
extensions for monitoring and controlling the Barionet's inputs and outputs. Refer to the
BCL Programmer's Manual for more details on the BCL Language.
This section describes the process of creating a BCL application, packaging the application
with other required files and uploading the application to the Barionet.
5.3.1 Creating and Editing a BCL File
BCL programs can be created and edited with any text editor, as long as the editor can
save the BCL text in plain text files. On Windows, the standard Notepad editor application
will work fine for creating BCL files. However, a variety of other free editors are available
that offer more flexible searching and some even recognize language syntax and highlight
the source appropriately. The free Notepad++ editor
(http://notepad-plus.sourceforge.net/uk/site.htm) can be set to recognize BASIC syntax,
which is very similar to BCL.
BCL source program files typically have a .bas file extension, though you can also create
special "include" files that have segments of BCL code or macros that will be included in
the main BCL source file. These include files must have a .bcl extension. Refer to the BCL
Programmers manual for more information on using include files and macros.
5.3.2 The Tokenizer
Before a new BCL application can be loaded into the Barionet, it must be converted into a
"token" file. The token file is more compact and efficient for the Barionet's BCL interpreter
to execute. The token file is created with a "tokenizer" program supplied as part of the
Barionet development kit. You can download the development kit from the download
section of the Barix web site at: http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/
The Tokenizer is supplied in three forms:
1. A windows command-line executable program called tokenizer.exe.
2. A Macintosh OS-X command-line executable called tokenizer-mac-x86.
3. A Linux command-line executable called tokenizer-static-linux-x86.
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Note
Some earlier versions of the tokenizer program were named
"tokenize" (without the trailing "r"). They are the same
program. However, be sure to use a version of tokenizer
that is compatible with the firmware loaded in your
Barionet. Check the readme file included with the
development kit for details on the correct version or use the
version of the tool supplied with the development kit.
The tokenizer is a command-line tool, so it needs to be executed in a command line
window. In Windows, you can open a command line window by clicking "Start" and then
"Run" and typing "cmd". Press enter to open the command window.
In the Macintosh, run the terminal program which is normally located in the Utilities folder.
tokenizer <target> <source file>
<target> This is the type of device that the tokenizer is creating the TOK file
for. The tokenizer can produce TOK files for a variety of different
Barix devices. For our purposes, <target> should be either
“barionet100” or “barionet50”. The quotes are not part of the
syntax.
<source file> This parameter specifies the .BAS file that is to be processed by the
tokenizer.
For example, to tokenize a file called “myapp.bas” for a Barionet 100, the syntax would be:
tokenizer barionet100 myapp.bas
The tokenizer program performs some syntax checking on the BCL source file and issues
error and warning messages. Warning messages don't prevent the tokenize process from
completing, but the warnings may point out errors that may create subtle problems later,
such as misspelled variable names. Syntax errors will cause the tokenizer to stop without
generating an output file.
These preliminary syntax checks won't catch all types of errors. Additional errors will be
caught and reported by the BCL interpreter via syslog when the program is loaded and
executed on the Barionet. See Using Syslog Messages in Chapter 7 for more information
on syslog output.
The output of the tokenizer is a token file with the same base name as the source file but
with a .TOK extension. The tokenizer will also create a special error message file called
ERRORS.HLP if it doesn't find this file in the directory where the source file and .TOK file
are located. The ERRORS.HLP file is used by the BCL interpreter to report errors in syslog
with English readable messages. Thus, the ERRORS.HLP file should be included with the
.TOK file for packaging and uploading to the Barionet. If you want error messages in syslog
to also include the line of source where the error was detected, the source .BAS file must
also be included in the package. We'll discuss creating the package .COB file in the next
section.
5.4 Loading Custom Web Pages and BCL Applications
5.4.1 Creating a COB Package File
Before you can upload your tokenized BCL application or HTML pages, they need to be
packaged in a special file called a COB file. The program used to create this package file is
supplied as part of the development kit which can be downloaded from the Barix web site
at: http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/.
This program is provided in three forms:
1. A windows command-line executable program called web2cob.exe
2. A Macintosh OS-X command-line executable called bpkg-mac-x86
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3. A Linux command-line executable called bpkg-static-linux-x86
This packaging program assembles your HTML page files, tokenized BCL program (the
.TOK file), the ERRORS.HLP, and optionally the .BAS source file, into a single COB file that
can be uploaded to the Barionet.
The command line syntax for all versions of the program is the same except for the
program name itself:
web2cob [/o <output file>] [/d <input directory>]
For the other operating systems, simply substitute the appropriate program name for
web2cob in the above syntax.
<output file> specifies the name of the output file. The default output file is
called cobox.cob. You can name the output file anything you like,
but the output extension should be .cob.
<input directory> specifies the directory that web2cob will package into the COB file.
Everything in this directory is packaged into the COB file, so be
sure you specify a directory that has only the files you want to
include in the package. The default (if the /d switch is not specified)
is the current directory.
/v This option tells the bpkg program to output additional details on
its processing and statistics for the output file. This option applies
to bpkg (Mac and Linux versions) only.
/n This option tells the bpkg program to omit HTTP headers on any
files included in the COB file that are known MIME types. This
option applies to bpkg (Mac and Linux versions) only.
In Windows, you can open a command line window to run web2cob by clicking "Start" and
then "Run" and typing "cmd". Press enter to open the command window.
In the Macintosh, run the terminal program which is normally located in the Utilities folder.
The output of the program is a COB file that can be uploaded to the Barionet.
Note
COB files are limited in size only by the available memory in
the Barionet. However, no single file contained with a COB
file can be larger than 64K bytes.
5.4.2 Uploading the COB File
The completed COB file can be uploaded to the Barionet using the TFTP (Trivial File
Transfer Protocol), which is a variant of the standard file transfer protocol (FTP). Windows
includes a built-in TFTP client. A TFTP client is available for Linux platforms at:
http://freshmeat.net/projects/atftp/
The tftp client on the Windows platform uses the following syntax:
tftp [-i] <host> [GET | PUT] <source> [<destination>]
-i This option specifies that the file should be transferred in binary
mode. This option must be included when transferring COB files to
the Barionet.
<host> The IP address of the Barionet (e.g. 192.168.0.40).
PUT Since you are transferring a COB file to the Barionet, specify the
PUT function in the tftp command line. The Barionet does not
support the GET function. You cannot download files from the
Barionet using tftp.
<source> The name of the COB file you want to transfer to the
Barionet/Barionet 50.
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<destination> The memory location in the Barionet where the COB file should be
loaded. We'll discuss the memory layout and where to load a new
COB file in the next section. This parameter is required by the
Barionet.
The atftp client on Linux uses the following syntax:
atftp –l <source> -r <destination> -p <host>
-l <source> Specifies the local source file (the .COB file) that you want to
transfer.
-r <destination> Specifies the destination for the file on the Barionet. This is a
memory location name. We'll discuss the memory layout and where
to load the COB file in the next section.
-p Indicates that this is a "PUT" operation, transferring the COB file
from the local computer to the Barionet.
<host> The IP address of the Barionet (e.g. 192.168.0.40).
Note
The Barionet 50 only accepts tftp file transfers when it is in
the boot loader mode. This prevents accidental or malicious
updates to the device. To enter the boot loader mode, click
the "Update" menu function in the Configuration web page.
Then click the "Please Click here to continue" link near the
bottom of the page. Note that the Barionet 50 must be rebooted to exit the boot loader mode.
5.4.3 The Barionet Memory Map
The Barionet 100 and Barionet 50 each have non-volatile flash memory that stores the
firmware as well as the standard web configuration pages. The flash memory is divided into
64K byte pages that are assigned names, which are the "destination" parameter in the tftp
file transfer.
The Barionet 100 has a total of 512K of non-volatile memory divided into eight 64kB pages.
The following table shows the memory map for the Barionet 100.
Name
Size
Usage
X1
64kB
Barionet firmware
WEB1
64kB
Web UI application, Help, firmware
WEB2
64kB
Web UI application, Help
WEB3
64kB
Reserved for Web UI application extensions
WEB4
64kB
Sample BCL Digital I/O tunnel application.
WEB5
64kB
Free
WEB6
64kB
Free
WEB7
64kB
Free
Your custom pages and BCL applications can be loaded into any location from WEB4
through WEB7. Loading a COB file into WEB4 overwrites the Sample BCL application, but
the application is included in the development kit and can be re-loaded if you want it.
Barionet 100
Only
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The Barionet 50 has considerably more memory for user pages and applications. The
following table shows the memory layout for the Barionet 50.
Name
Size
File Name
Usage
8K
64kB
Bn50.rom
Barionet firmware
WEB1
64kB
Bario50web.cob
Web UI application, Help
WEB2
64kB
Web UI application, Help
WEB3
64kB
Reserved for Web UI application extensions
WEB4
64kB
Barionetbcl.cob
Sample BCL Digital I/O tunnel application.
WEB5
64kB
Free
…
1152kB total free space (WEB5 – WEB 23)
WEB23
64kB
Free
WEB24
64kB
Reserved for future use
…
Reserved for future use
WEB28
64kB
Reserved for future use
WEB28
64kB
Sg.bin
Firmware extension
WEB30
64kB
Bclio.bin
I/O drivers
Boot loader
In the Barionet 50, you can upload new COB files to any location from WEB5 through
WEB24. You can even use WEB4 if necessary if you do not need the Digital I/O tunnel
application.
You can upload multiple COB files to the Barionet 100 or Barionet 50, but each COB file
must occupy at least one WEB memory location. If the COB file is bigger than 64K it will
occupy more than one location. You cannot load more than one COB file into a single
memory location
Note.
If you load an COB file that contains an HTML page or a
.TOK program file with the same name as one of the
existing pages (e.g. index.html), your custom page or
program most likely won't be accessible, since the web
server searches for file names staring in low memory and
working to higher memory (from the top of the memory map
table toward the bottom). If you name your custom page
“start.html”, the web server will open that page by default,
instead of the normal index.html default page.
5.5 Development Tools and Scripts Summary
We've already discussed two of the programs (the tokenizer and web2cob) used in the
development process. Barix also supplies a variety of other tools that help automate the
various steps of the development process as well as aiding in managing Barionet memory
and the serial rescue procedure, which is discussed more in the next chapter on
Troubleshooting.
The following tables summarize the various tools and scripts and their uses for each of the
three operating systems supported (Windows, Macintosh OS-X and Linux).
Note that the batch and script files make some assumptions about the location of the
executable files (e.g. tokenizer, web2cob, etc..) If these files are not in the locations
referenced in the batch/shell script files, either they need to be copied to those locations or
the batch/shell script files need to be modified.
Barionet 50 Only
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5.5.1 Windows Tools and Batch Files
File
Applies To
Development Kit
Folder
Type
Description
tokenizer.exe
Barionet
50/100
\tools
Binary
executable
Converts a BCL source file to a
token file (TOK)
web2cob.exe
Barionet
50/100
\tools
Binary
executable
Packages TOK file(s), HTML files,
and other files into a COB file for
uploading to the Barionet using
tftp.
bcl.bat
Barionet
50/100
\bcldevkit
Batch file
Runs the tokenizer and web2cob
(Bpkg) to create the factory
default COB file and uploads the
resulting COB file to the barionet
erasebcl.bat
Barionet
50/100
\bcldevkit
Batch file
Erases the WEB4 page in the
Barionet by uploading the
empty.cob file.
erase.bat
Barionet 100
\bcldevkit
Batch file
Erases all WEB pages from WEB1
– WEB7
erasefree.bat
Barionet 50
\bcldevkit
Batch file
Erases all WEB pages from WEB1
– WEB23
sleep.exe
Barionet 100
\tools
Binary
executable
Used to insert delays required in
the erase.bat and erasebcl.bat
files between erase operations.
web.bat
Barionet
50/100
\webuidevkit
Batch file
Runs web2cob to create a COB
file with the factory default web
pages, and uploads the COB file
to the Barionet using tftp. Similar
to bcl.bat, but does not run the
tokenizer first.
barionet.bat
Barionet 100
\update_rescue
Batch file
Updates or reloads the Barionet
100 by loading the factory default
COB files.
gen.bat
Barionet 50
\update_rescue
Batch file
Calls load_win.exe to create the
compound.bin file required to
update or reload the Barionet 50
via the web interface.
load_win.exe
Barionet
50/100
\update_rescue
Binary
executable
Creates the compound.bin file
required to update or reload the
Barionet . It can also load
firmware into the Barionet via a
serial port in the serial rescue
process. See The Serial Rescue
Procedure in Chapter 7 for more
information.
serial.bat
Barionet 50
\update_rescue
Batch file
Manages the Barionet 50 serial
rescue process using
load_win.exe. See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
rescue.bat
Barionet 100
(EX versions
manufactured
2006 or later)
\update_rescue
Batch file
Manages the serial rescue
process for later (EX) versions of
the Barionet 100 . See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
lxrescue.bat
Barionet 100
(LX versions
manufactured
2005 and
earlier)
\update_rescue
Batch file
Manages the serial rescue
process for earlier (LX) versions of
the Barionet 100 . See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
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5.5.2 Macintosh OS-X Tools and Scripts
File
Applies To
Development
Kit Folder
Type
Description
tokenizer-mac-x86
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Binary
executable
Converts a BCL source file to a
token file (TOK)
bpkg-mac-x86
Barionet 50/100
/tools
Binary
executable
Packages TOK file(s), HTML files, and
other files into a COB file for
uploading to the Barionet using tftp.
bcl.sh
Barionet
50/100
/bcldevkit
shell script
Runs the tokenizer and bpkg to
create the factory default COB
file and uploads the resulting
COB file to the barionet
erasebcl.sh
Barionet
50/100
/bcldevkit
Shell script
Erases the WEB4 memory page
in the Barionet by uploading the
empty.cob file.
erase.sh
Barionet 100
/bcldevkit
Shell script
Erases all WEB memory pages
from WEB1 – WEB7
erasefree.sh
Barionet 50
/bcldevkit
Shell script
Erases all WEB memory pages
from WEB1 – WEB23
cpcrlf.sh
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Shell script
Copies a file, converting
Linux/Macintosh line endings (LF
only) to Windows/DOS line
endings (CR/LF), as necessary
crlf-mac-x86
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Binary
executable
Used by cpcrlf to handle line
ending changes
web.sh
Barionet
50/100
/webuidevkit
Shell script
Runs bpkg to create a COB file
with the factory default web
pages, and uploads the COB file
to the Barionet using atftp.
Similar to bcl.sh, but does not
run the tokenizer first.
Barionet.sh
Barionet 100
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Updates or reloads the Barionet
by re-loading the factory default
COB files.
gen.sh
Barionet 50
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Creates the compound.bin file
required to update or reload the
Barionet 50 via the web interface.
load_mac
Barionet
50/100
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Binary
executable
Used in the serial rescue process
to load new firmware into the
Barionet. See The Serial Rescue
Procedure in Chapter 7 for more
information on the serial rescue
procedure.
seriald.sh
Barionet 50
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Manages the Barionet 50 serial
rescue process. See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
rescue.sh
Barionet 100
(EX versions
manufactured
2006 or later)
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Manages the serial rescue
process for later (EX) versions of
the Barionet 100 . See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
lxrescue.sh
Barionet 100
(LX versions
manufactured
2005 and
earlier)
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Manages the serial rescue
process for earlier (LX) versions
of the Barionet 100 . See The
Serial Rescue Procedure Chapter
7 for more information.
atftp-mac-emul.sh
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Shell script
A shell script that emulates the
Linux atftp program using the
Mac's native tftp program.
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5.5.3 Linux Tools and Scripts
File
Applies To
Development Kit
Folder
Type
Description
tokenizer-linux-
static-x86
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Binary
executable
Converts a BCL source file to a
token file (TOK)
bpkg-static-
linux-x86
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Binary
executable
Packages TOK file(s), HTML files,
and other files into a COB file for
uploading to the Barionet using
atftp.
bcl.sh
Barionet
50/100
/bcldevkit
shell script
Runs the tokenizer and bpkg to
create the factory default COB
file and uploads the resulting
COB file to the barionet
erasebcl.sh
Barionet
50/100
/bcldevkit
Shell script
Erases the WEB4 memory page
in the Barionet by uploading the
empty.cob file.
erase.sh
Barionet 100
/bcldevkit
Shell script
Erases all WEB memory pages
from WEB1 – WEB7
erasefree.sh
Barionet 50
/bcldevkit
Shell script
Erases all WEB memory pages
from WEB1 – WEB23
cpcrlf.sh
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Shell script
Copies a file, converting
Linux/Macintosh line endings (LF
only) to Windows/DOS line
endings (CR/LF), as necessary
crlf-static-linux-
x86
Barionet
50/100
/tools
Binary
executable
Used by cpcrlf to handle line
ending changes
web.sh
Barionet
50/100
/webuidevkit
Shell script
Runs bpkg to create a COB file
with the factory default web
pages, and uploads the COB file
to the Barionet using atftp.
Similar to bcl.sh, but does not run
the tokenizer first.
Barionet.sh
Barionet 100
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Updates or reloads the Barionet
by re-loading the factory default
COB files.
gen.sh
Barionet 50
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Creates the compound.bin file
required to update or reload the
Barionet 50 via the web interface.
load_lin
Barionet
50/100
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Binary
executable
Used in the serial rescue process
to load new firmware into the
Barionet. See The Serial Rescue
Procedure in Chapter 7 for more
information on the serial rescue
procedure.
seriald.sh
Barionet 50
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Manages the Barionet 50 serial
rescue process. See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
rescue.sh
Barionet 100
(EX versions
manufactured
2006 or later)
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Manages the serial rescue
process for later (EX) versions of
the Barionet 100 . See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
lxrescue.sh
Barionet 100
(LX versions
manufactured
2005 and
earlier)
/update_rescue
/linux_mac
Shell script
Manages the serial rescue
process for earlier (LX) versions of
the Barionet 100 . See The Serial
Rescue Procedure Chapter 7 for
more information.
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6 The Sample Digital I/O and Serial Tunnel Application
The Barionet comes pre-loaded with a sample BCL application that allows two Barionet
100's or Barionet 50's to "tunnel" one Barionet's inputs to another Barionet's outputs
using UDP and to bi-directionally tunnel one Barionet's serial data across the network
to/from a second Barionet's serial port using TCP. The I/O tunnel application also supports
connecting an external Barix R6 relay expansion module to one or both Barionets via the
RS-485 port.
You can configure the application so that when an input on one Barionet goes active, an
output or relay on the other Barionet goes active as well. The association between inputs
on one Barionet and outputs on the opposite Barionet is completely configurable via an
application setup screen.
6.1 The Application Setup Screen
The sample Digital I/O tunnel application includes an "Application Setup" page that is
linked to the Barionet's main configuration user interface page. You can access this page
by clicking the Configuration button on the Barionet's main home page and then clicking
"Application Setup" in the top menu on the Configuration page. Figure 32 shows the
application setup screen.
Figure 32. The Sample BCL Digital I/O and Serial Tunnel Application Setup Screen.
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6.1.1 Setting up the Serial Tunnel
To use the serial tunnel function, one Barionet must be setup as the server and a second
must be setup as a client. The Barionets do not need to be the same model, but they do
need to have compatible firmware and application versions. See the README file in the
\bcldevkit\serial_io_tunnel folder (Barionet 50) or \bcldevkit\barionet folder (Barionet 100)
for more details.
Data is transferred bi-directionally between the two Barionets, so it's not important which
end of the interface is the client and which is the server unless there are firewalls between
the Barionets. The client Barionet is responsible for establishing the TCP connection with
the remote (server) Barionet.
The serial settings for both RS-232 ports must be set in the Serial Settings configuration
web page. The serial speed settings for both Barionets should be the same to avoid data
overrun problems.
6.1.1.1 Setting up the Client Barionet
The Barionet that will act as a client must be disabled as a server by setting the "Local
Port" setting to zero. Then the IP address and the local port setting on the server Barionet
is entered in the Remote IP address and Remote TCP Port settings.
The Reconnect interval parameter set the time in seconds between attempts to reconnect
to the remote Barionet when the TCP connection is lost.
6.1.1.2 Setting up the Server Barionet
The Local Port should be set for the Barionet that will act as the server. The default setting
is 10001. The Disconnect Tout parameter sets an inactivity timeout in seconds. If no data is
sent or received across the connection for the specified interval, the server closes the TCP
connection. The default value for this parameter is zero (no timeout).
6.1.2 Setting up the I/O Tunnel
6.1.2.1 Setting the Remote IP Address
The remote IP address specifies the IP address of the remote Barionet 100 or Barionet 50.
You should set the IP address of the opposite Barionet in this page on both Barionets.
6.1.2.2 Setting the Tunneling UDP Port
The tunneling application uses UDP to transmit data about input and output changes.
Choose a UDP port number for this communication. The default value of zero disables the
application. The port number must be the same on both Barionets.
6.1.2.3 Setting the Send Interval
The application sends status change messages immediately whenever an input changes.
However, it can also optionally send a status message at specified intervals even when no
inputs change. This status message helps detect communication loss between the two
Barionets. You can configure an output or relay to close in the event of communication
loss.
The Send Interval parameter should be the same on both Barionets. Leaving the parameter
set to zero disables the periodic status messages, though state change messages are
always sent immediately when an input changes. This value can range from 1 to 65535. A
smaller Send Interval allows the remote Barionet to detect a communication loss more
quickly. A communication loss event will be triggered at double the send interval plus one
second. Thus, if the send interval is set for 5 seconds, a communication loss will be
detected at 11 seconds after the last status message.
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6.1.2.4 Setting the Output Action
For each input on the remote Barionet, you can choose an output action on the local
Barionet. Since the application supports both the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50, it shows
inputs and relays that may not exist on either model. The Barionet 100 Only has two relay
outputs, while the Barionet 50 has four relay outputs. The Barionet 100 has eight inputs,
while the Barionet 50 has only four inputs. Nonexistent inputs (i.e. inputs 5 – 8 on a
Barionet 50) will always be inactive for the purposes of this application.
The "Ext. Relay" outputs assume that a Barix R6 expansion module is connected to the
local Barionet via RS-485.
The Communication loss option allows you to specify an output or relay that should be
turned on when a communication loss is detected.
6.2 The Sample Application Source Code
The source code for the Digital I/O tunnel application is included in the Barionet
Development kit in the bcldevkit\barionet folder (Barionet 100) or bcldevkit\serial_io_tunnel
folder (Barionet 50). The source code includes the BCL application code (barionet.bas) as
well as the application setup HTML page. These source files are useful for re-loading the
application if it is overwritten. In addition, the application provides helpful examples of
many of the concepts required for using the Barix dynamic tags and BCL to create custom
applications.
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7 Troubleshooting
If you're having trouble communicating with the Barionet, or encountering problems
developing and debugging applications for the Barionet, this chapter provides a variety of
procedures and resources to help you identify and correct issues.
7.1 Common Problems and Solutions
The following table lists a number of common problems with possible causes and
solutions.
Symptom
Possible Cause and Solutions
Can't access Barionet Web
Pages
1. Be sure you're using the correct IP address and that the Barionet
is properly connected to the network. See Accessing the
Barionet for the first time in Chapter 2.
2. Invalid configuration settings have made the Barionet
unreachable. Try restoring the default settings. See Resetting to
Factory Defaults later in this chapter.
3. The default configuration web pages may have been over-written
by another application or become inaccessible due to another
index.html file being loaded in a lower memory page. Try
reloading the firmware and standard configuration pages. Refer
to The Serial Rescue Procedure later in this chapter.
4. Check the syslog for error messages. See Using Syslog
Messages in this chapter.
The Discovery Tool doesn't
find the Barionet
1. Be sure the Barionet is powered up and running. Is the Green
Power or Status light on?
2. The Barionet must be on the same physical subnet. The
Discovery tool will not find a Barionet that is separated from the
computer running the Discovery tool by a router.
3. If the Barionet has an older version of firmware (prior to V1.04 for
the Barionet 50 and V2.30 for the Barionet 100), the Discovery
tool will only find the Barionet if it's IP address is in the same
"logical" subnet (i.e. IP address range) of the computer running
the Discovery Tool. See Appendix G: IP Addresses, Netmasks
and Gateways for more information.
The Discovery Tool doesn't
run.
1. A Java run-time engine must be installed on the computer. See
http://java.com/en/download/manual.jsp for downloading and
installing the Java run-time.
2. If you are running Linux or Unix, the Discovery Tool requires Xwindows, since it creates a graphical user interface. You cannot
run the Discovery tool from a command line.
Dynamic HTML tags appear
in the web output instead of
the I/O or variable values
(e.g. &LIO... instead of the
state of the input or output)
1. Check that the Barix dynamic initialization tag is included before
any other Barix dynamic tags and in the first 512 bytes of the
web page. See the description of the Initialization Tag in Chapter
5.
2. If output from some of the tags on a page is properly displayed
while others are not, the problem is most likely a syntax error in
the tags that are not properly displayed. Check for proper
spelling and arguments. Also make sure that all tags have the
closing semicolon. See the section on Barix Dynamic Tags in
Chapter 5.
Dynamic tags display the
contents of the format string
(e.g. %zz) instead of the
correct value.
1. If the format string is invalid, the contents of the format string will
be displayed instead of the value. Check the syntax of the format
string carefully. See the discussion of Format Strings in Chapter
5.
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Symptom
Possible Cause and Solutions
&LBAS tags display
[NO_VAR] instead of the
value of a variable
1. The variable referenced in the &LBAS tag is not defined in the
currently executing BCL program. Check the syntax of the tag
and the spelling of the variable name. See BCL Variable Tag
(&LBAS) in Chapter 5
2. The program you loaded is not executing. If the sample digital
I/O tunnel application is loaded and the BCL Program Name
parameter in the Control section of the configuration pages is
not set, the sample application is probably running, instead of
your BCL application.
3. The program has a fatal error that is causing the BCL interpreter
to abort and re-start the program. Check the syslog output for
error messages. See Using Syslog Messages in this chapter.
Web server response is very
slow or doesn't respond.
1. The program has a fatal error that is causing the BCL interpreter
to abort and re-start the BCL interpreter. Check the syslog
output for error messages. See Using Syslog Messages in this
chapter.
2. The BCL application or HTML page is calling an ON CGI
subroutine that takes a long time to return. During the
processing of ON CGI routines, the web server is blocked, so
these routines should be kept as short and fast as possible.
Communication with a Barix
expansion module
connected to the RS-485
interface fails
1. Check that the interface is properly connected. Swapping the
RS-485 A and B signals is a common problem. If the RS-485
indicator light remains constantly lit, this is likely the problem.
2. Check the RS-485 serial port settings (baud rate, data bits, stop
bits and parity). Note that the settings in the BCL "Open"
statement override the configuration port settings. Because the
IO Tunnel application sets the parameters using a BCL Open
statement, configuration parameters are ignored in the IO tunnel
application.
3. Check the BCL code for proper message structure and
checksum values. Example BCL code for communicating with a
Barix Modbus expansion module is available for download on
the Barix web site.
The Web Server returns a
PAGE NOT FOUND error.
1. Be sure that the page you expect is loaded in a COB file in
memory. Check the file names and re-build and load the COB
file.
The wrong page is returned
when you request a page
from the Barionet web
server.
1. First, try re-loading the page in your browser without using the
browser's cache. In Internet Explorer, holding down the Ctrl key
while pressing the Reload button (or F5) forces the browser to
retrieve the page from the web server and not simply re-display a
cached version of the page. With Safari, hold down shift and
click reload on the toolbar. For other browsers, check the
documentation.
2. If the wrong page still appears, it's possible that there is more
than one file loaded in the Barionet memory with the same name.
The Barionet web server starts in low memory (e.g. WEB1)
looking for pages, so if another page with the same name is
loaded in lower memory than your page, the other page will be
displayed instead of yours. Either rename your page and re-load
it, or remove the other page loaded in lower memory.
7.2 Using Syslog Messages
One of the most important tools for troubleshooting the Barionet and debugging BCL
programs is the syslog function. The Barionet sends internal status information and usergenerated syslog messages to a standard syslog viewer program installed on a computer
that is accessible via the network from the Barionet. The Barionet sends syslog messages
via UDP on standard port 514.
You can use any syslog viewer program to see the syslog messages. For Windows, Barix
recommends the Kiwi Syslog Viewer program (www.kiwisyslog.com). You can download a
free fully functional 30-day trial version of the syslog viewer program that will remain
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functional (with some advanced features disabled) even after the 30-day trial period. This
free version has the basic functionality required for troubleshooting the Barionet and BCL
programs. Similar programs are available for Macintosh and Linux platforms.
7.2.1 Barionet Internal Syslog Messages
When the Barionet starts up, it normally sends at least one syslog message. The first
message indicates that the BCL interpreter has started up normally. If the latest version of
the standard digital I/O tunnel application is loaded and setup to run (i.e. another BCL
program name is not entered in the BCL Program Name setting in the configuration web
page), a message from the I/O tunnel application is also displayed at start up. Figure 33
shows the syslog display (using the Kiwi syslog program described later in this section).
Figure 33. Two syslog messages are normally sent at start up.
The number and detail of syslog messages displayed is controlled by the Debug Level
setting in the Configuration web pages. The messages shown in Figure 33 are generated
with the debug level setting of 1 or higher. Setting the debug level to a higher value
generates more detailed output and potentially many more messages.
Note
Note that the Hostname column shows the IP address of
the Barionet, which is also useful in determining the IP
address of the Barionet if it uses DHCP to obtain a dynamic
IP address, or if the static IP address of the Barionet is
unknown.
Most syslog applications, including the Kiwi syslog viewer, also create a log file in addition
to the display. The log file is useful for reviewing syslog messages, since some of the
messages may scroll out of the view window if many messages appear quickly.
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7.2.2 BCL Error Syslog Messages
The BCL interpreter also generates syslog messages when it encounters a problem in
executing BCL code. Some messages are simply warnings that do not terminate execution
of the program. For example, if a BCL program attempts to assign a string value to a
variable that is not dimensioned to a large enough size to hold the string, the BCL
interpreter will issue a warning message to syslog, but the string will be truncated and
assigned to the variable and execution will continue.
Some BCL errors are more serious and will cause the program execution to abort. In these
cases, the BCL interpreter will send the fatal error message to syslog and then the BCL
interpreter will re-start, beginning execution of the program again. This can result in a
continuous loop of the Barionet encountering the fatal error, issuing the error message in
syslog, and re-starting the interpreter. This loop can, under some circumstances, cause the
Barionet to respond very slowly or even not at all to web requests. If the Barionet does not
seem to be responding as it should, checking the syslog should be one of your first steps.
7.2.3 User-generated Syslog Messages
In addition to the built-in messages from the BCL interpreter, you can insert syslog
statements in your own BCL code that will generate messages you define.
The syntax of the BCL syslog statement is:
syslog "<message text>"[,<debug level>]
<message text> is any BCL string expression, which could include the current state of
numeric or string variables. Numeric variables must be converted to
strings using the str$() function and concatenated to the string.
<debug level> is an optional parameter from 1 – 9, representing a debug level. If the
current debug level is equal to or higher than the level specified in this
parameter, the syslog message is sent. If the debug level is set lower
than this value, the debug message is not sent. (Setting the debug level
to zero in the web configuration page disables all debug output. The
default level is 3).
For example, here's a syslog statement that sends the value of two variables (Var1 and
Var2) to the syslog if the current debug level is set to 5 or higher:
syslog "Var1=" + str$(Var1) + " Var2=" + str$(Var2),5
If the current debug level is set for 5 or higher, the syslog output text will look something
like this:
Var1=29 Var2=17
Including the optional debug level parameter in your syslog statements makes turning
various syslog messages on and off convenient. You can set the debug level parameter
very low for serious errors or other information that you want to always send to syslog.
Other less important syslog statements can use a higher debug level parameter so that the
debug level has to be set higher for these messages to appear in the log.
For more information on syslog and other BCL statements, refer to the BCL Programmer's
Manual, available for download from the Barix web site at:
http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/.
7.3 Rebooting the Barionet
If the Barionet has stopped responding and you've checked the syslog output, you can try
rebooting the Barionet while watching the syslog output (assuming that the syslog
parameters were set in the configuration web pages). There are three methods of
rebooting. You can use the preloaded configuration web pages, you can use the setup.cgi
command, and the Barionet 50 can be rebooted using a hardware jumper. The hardware
jumper method only applies to the Barionet 50.
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7.3.1 Rebooting from the Configuration Web Page
If the standard configuration web pages are still loaded in the Barionet and the web server
is responding, you can reboot the device by clicking the "Configuration" button on the
status home page. (See Figure 7 for the Barionet 100 and Figure 8 for the Barionet 50)
From the settings page that appears, click the "Reboot" button near the top of the page
and click the "Reboot" link on that page.
After approximately 5 seconds, a message saying "Device has successfully rebooted"
should appear.
If the message does not appear, or you are unable to access the web configuration pages,
you can also reboot using an internal hardware jumper (Barionet 50 only), or you can use
the Serial Rescue procedure described later in this chapter to re-load the Barionet firmware
and reset to factory defaults.
7.3.2 Rebooting using the Hardware Jumper (J9)
The Barionet 50 also has a hardware jumper under the snap-on case lid that can be used to
both reboot the device and, optionally, reset it to factory default parameters. You will need
a standard 5 mm jumper to short the pins of this reset jumper together.
Follow these steps to reboot the device using the reset jumper:
1. Disconnect the Barionet 50 from its power supply.
2. Remove the snap-on cover by inserting a small flat-blade screwdriver into one of the
two latches on either end of the cover and gently prying the cover up. Then release the
second latch on the same side and lift the lid off.
3. The reset pins (J9) are located under the cover just above RS-232 LED. (See Figure 34).
Note
Some Barionet 50 units were manufactured without the pins
installed. In this case, the two pads where the pins go can
be shorted with a paperclip or a short piece of wire.
Figure 34. The Barionet 50 Reset jumper is under the lid near the RS-232 LED
4. Connect the Barionet 50's power supply and wait for the green status LED (the left
most LED) to come on. Install the jumper on the reset pins or short the pads with a
short piece of wire or paper clip.
5. Remove the shorting jumper within the first 3 – 4 seconds (if the jumper is not removed
within approximately 10 seconds, the Barionet 50 will also reset all settings to factory
Barionet 50 Only
BARIX
Barionet 50
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defaults.
7.4 Resetting to Factory Defaults
There are three ways to reset the Barionet to factory default settings. The first method uses
the Configuration Web pages and is the same for the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50. The
second reset jumper procedure is different for the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50. The third
procedure uses a form of the setup.cgi command. See the description of the setup.cgi
command for more information on this third method. The first procedure should be used
whenever possible.
7.4.1 Resetting Using the Configuration Web Page
The first method requires that you have access to the Configuration web pages. If you have
access to the configuration web pages, go to the standard home page and click the
"Configuration" button at the top of the home page. (See Figure 7 for the Barionet 100 and
Figure 8 for the Barionet 50). From the Configuration Page, click the "Defaults" button at
the top of the page. Then click the "Factory Defaults" link to reset the device to the factory
default settings.
Resetting to factory defaults affects all settings except the network settings. The IP
address, netmask, and gateway settings are not affected by resetting to defaults. The reset
also does not erase the BCL program(s) that are installed.
A few seconds after you click the Factory Defaults, link the web page will refresh with the
message "Settings Reverted to Factory Defaults." A few seconds later, the page will show a
"Reboot" link. After the settings are restored to factory defaults, you must reboot the
Barionet to activate the new settings.
7.4.2 Resetting Using the Reset Jumper (Barionet 50 Only)
If you are unable to access the Configuration Web pages, you can reset the Barionet 50 to
factory default settings, including the network settings using the reset jumper under the
snap-on case lid.
Note
Before using this reset jumper procedure, Barix
recommends you attempt to determine the IP address of
the device using the procedures described in Using the
Barionet Discovery Tool in Chapter 2 and perform the reset
using the Web configuration pages, if possible.
You will need a standard 5 mm jumper to short the pins of this reset jumper together.
Follow these steps to reboot the device using the reset jumper:
1. Disconnect the Barionet 50 from its power supply.
2. Remove the snap-on cover by inserting a small flat-blade screwdriver into one of the
two latches on either end of the cover and gently prying the cover up. The release the
second latch on the same side and lift the lid off.
3. The reset pins (J9) are located under the cover just above RS-232 LED. (See Figure 34).
Note
Some Barionet 50 units were manufactured without the pins
installed. In this case, the two pads where the pins go can
be shorted with a paperclip or a short piece of wire.
4. Connect the Barionet 50's power supply and wait for the green status LED (the leftmost LED) to come on.
5. Short the reset pins by installing the jumper (or using a short piece of wire) and wait
about 10 seconds for the red status LED to start blinking fast.
Barionet 50 Only
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6. Remove the jumper from J9.
Unlike the Configuration web page reset procedure described above, this procedure resets
all the configuration settings, including the network settings (i.e. the IP address, netmask,
and gateway IP address). As a result, you'll need to determine and/or reset the IP address
of the Barionet 50 using the procedures described in Using the Barionet Discovery Tool in
Chapter 2.
7.4.3 Resetting Using a Serial Cable and Terminal Program (Barionet 100 Only)
If you are unable to access the Configuration Web pages, you can reset the Barionet to
factory default settings, including the network settings, using the following procedure.
Note
Before using this reset procedure, Barix recommends you
attempt to determine the IP address of the device using the
procedures described in Using the Barionet Discovery Tool
in Chapter 2 and perform the reset using the Web
configuration pages, if possible.
You will need a serial "Null Modem" cable or adapter to complete this procedure. See Null
Modem Cable Wiring later in this chapter for details of the null modem wiring. Null modem
serial cables or adapters are commonly available at many electronics stores. You will also
need a standard 5mm shorting jumper.
1. Disconnect the Barionet from its power supply.
2. Install the jumper on pins 2 and 3 of the rescue jumper (J4). See Figure 35.
Figure 35. The shorting jumper should be installed on the reset jumper (J4)
3. Connect the null modem serial cable to the Barionet's RS-232 port and to the serial
port on a computer.
4. Open a terminal program. In Microsoft Windows, the Hyper Terminal program is
typically located in the Start Menu under "Programs!Accessories!Communications".
The Macintosh terminal program is typically located in the Utilities folder. Set the
program to open the serial port you've connected the null modem cable with the
following settings: 9600 baud, 8 bits, No parity, 1 stop bit, and no flow control.
5. Make sure that the terminal program has "focus" (i.e. your keyboard presses are going
to the terminal program) and hold the "x" key down.
6. Connect the Barionet to its power supply.
7. Continue holding down the "x" key until you see the message "DEF" in your terminal
program. This indicates that that Barionet has successfully restored the factory default
settings. Release the "x" key when this message appears.
Barionet 50 Only
Barionet 100
Only
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Note
If the terminal program is not set for "local echo", you will
not see the "x" character on the screen. However, the reset
procedure will still work even if local echo is turned off. You
will see "DEF" when the Barionet 100 has been restored to
factory defaults. The "Local Echo" setting in Windows
Hyper Terminal is in the "File" menu under "Properties" on
the "Settings" tab of the dialog box. Click the "ASCII Setup"
button and check the "Echo typed characters locally" box.
8. Disconnect the Barionet's power supply.
9. Remove the jumper from J4.
10. Re-connect the Barionet's power supply.
Unlike the Configuration web page reset procedure described above, this procedure resets
all the configuration settings, including the network settings (i.e. the IP address, netmask,
and gateway IP address). As a result, you'll need to determine and/or reset the IP address
of the Barionet using the procedures described in Using the Barionet Discovery Tool in
Chapter 2.
7.5 The Serial Rescue Procedure
When the Barionet 100 or Barionet 50 is not reachable over the network, and the other
procedures and steps described in this chapter have not resolved the problem, the serial
rescue procedure will re-load the firmware and restart the device.
On the Barionet 100, the serial rescue procedure loads the firmware and configuration web
user interface pages in WEB1, WEB2 and WEB3. The procedure does not load the default
BCL application, so any HTML pages or BCL applications loaded in WEB4 – WEB7 are
unaffected.
On the Barionet 50, the serial rescue procedure erases the entire flash memory. Then it
reloads the firmware, and the configuration web user interface pages in 8K, WEB1 and
WEB2. It also loads the sample BCL program, in WEB4. Any BCL programs or HTML pages
loaded in WEB5 – WEB23 are erased. All settings are returned to their factory default
parameters as well.
See the description of The Barionet Memory Map in Chapter 5 for more details on the
memory locations.
7.5.1 Null Modem Cable Wiring
You will need a cross-over or "null modem" serial cable for this procedure. Null modem
cables or null modem adapters that can be plugged onto a standard 9-pin serial cable are
commonly available from many electronics stores. Figure 36 show the minimum required
wiring of a null modem cable that can be used with the serial rescue procedure. Other pins
may also be cross-wired in many null modem cables and adapters.
Figure 36. Pins 2, 3, and 5 must be wired as shown in the null modem cable or adapter.
If the computer you are using does not have a serial port but it does have USB ports, you
may need a USB-to-serial adapter. Be sure to install the USB-serial adapter, including any
Pin 2 RxD Pin 2 RxD
Pin 3 TxD
Pin 5 Gnd
Pin 3 TxD
Pin 5 Gnd
Barionet 100
Only
Barionet 50 Only
Barionet 100
Only
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required drivers prior to beginning the serial rescue procedure.
7.5.2 Identifying the Serial Port
You'll also need to know what serial port on your computer you are connected to. If the
computer has built-in serial ports, they may be labeled or described in the computer's
documentation. The steps below will help you identify the serial port number in Windows or
the serial port name in the Macintosh or Linux. You'll need to know the port number or
name when you begin the serial rescue procedure.
7.5.2.1 Finding the Serial Port number in Windows
Serial ports in Windows are called "COM ports." The COM ports are listed in the device
manager. To open the device manager click:
Start Menu!Settings!Control Panel!System
In the System dialog box, click the "Hardware" tab and click the "Device Manager" button.
Look for the entry in the Device Manager labeled "Ports (COM & LPT)". Click the small +
next to the Ports. A list of serial ports, labeled COMx will appear. If you are using a USBserial adapter, the name of the adapter will appear with the COM port number after the
name.
If your computer has one or more built-in serial ports, you should find those listed in the
same section of the device manager. If there are multiple built-in ports, check the
documentation for your computer to identify the port numbers.
Figure 37 shows a typical device manager screen with a USB-serial converter connected as
COM5 in this case.
Figure 37. The Device Manager showing a USB-Serial adapter on COM5
Record the number of the COM port for use in the serial rescue procedure described
below.
7.5.2.2 Finding the Serial Port Name in the Macintosh
Most modern Macintosh computers don't have built-in serial ports, so you'll need a USBto-serial adapter with appropriate drivers for the Macintosh operating system. You'll also
need a null modem cable or adapter. These instructions assume the Macintosh is running
OS-X.
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1. Install the USB-serial converter and any required drivers.
2. Open the Terminal application, which is normally located in the "Utilities" sub-folder in
the "Applications" folder.
3. In the Terminal window, type:
ls /dev/tty.*
See Figure 38 for a typical display.
Figure 38. The Terminal window lists serial ports with the ls /dev/tty.* command.
4. The output will list a number of devices as /dev/tty.<some name>. Look for the entry
that includes the name of your serial-USB converter. In this case, the last entry is
/dev/tty.usbserial, which is the usb-serial adapter.
5. Record the serial port name (in this case "/dev/tty.usbserial"). You'll use this later in the
serial rescue procedure.
7.5.2.3 Finding the Serial Port Name in Linux/Unix
There are many variants of Linux and Unix available with minor variations in the steps for
determining the serial port used. You can use the "ls" command to list the serial ports by
typing:
ls /dev/tty*
This will list all the serial ports that are available on the system. Some of the "ports" in the
list may not represent physical serial ports, but terminal sessions connected via the
network. Look for ports that begin with /dev/ttyS followed by a number. These will, in
general, be the hardware serial ports.
If the computer has a USB-serial adapter connected, there may also be devices listed such
as /dev/ttyUSB0
If there is more than one physical serial port in the computer, you will have to consult the
documentation for the computer or experiment with various ports to discover the port name
for the port you use in the serial rescue procedure.
7.5.3 Barionet 50 Serial Rescue Procedure
The serial rescue procedure is different for the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50. The steps
outlined here apply only to the Barionet 50. If you are working with the Barionet 100, refer
to the Barionet 100 Serial Rescue Procedure in this chapter.
1. Disconnect the Barionet 50 from its power supply.
2. Connect the Null modem serial cable to the Barionet 50 RS-232 port and to the serial
port on the computer.
3. Start the serial rescue script for your operating system. The script requires an argument
that specifies the serial port name you identified in the previous section. The following
table lists the scripts for each operating system and shows an example of how the
script should be used.
Barionet 50 Only
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Operating System
Script syntax
Example
Windows
serial <com port>
serial COM5
Macintosh OS-X
./seriald /dev/tty.<com port>
./seriald /dev/tty.usbserieal
Linux
./seriald /dev/tty<com port>
./seriald /dev/ttyS0 (COM port 1)
Note
If you are executing the rescue procedure on a computer
running a POSIX-compliant version of UNIX, you can recompile the loader program. You will need a C compiler
and Make program installed. Remove the executable file
called "load" and type "make" to rebuild the load program.
If the program compiles successfully, you can then follow
the same steps above described for Linux to complete the
serial rescue procedure.
4. Within a few seconds of re-connecting the power supply, you should see a message
"Got a reply from the device." This indicates that the script has successfully
established communication with the Barionet 50.
Note
If you do not see any further messages after "Waiting for the
device" within several seconds of applying power to the
Barionet 50, the most likely cause is that you have not
entered the correct serial port. Go back and check that you
are using the correct serial port and that you entered the
name of the serial port in the command correctly. If you did
not enter it correctly, abort the currently running script and
start over at the beginning of this procedure.
5. Over the next few minutes, you'll see a succession of messages as various parts of the
firmware are transferred to the Barionet. The progress is shown in kilobytes sent.
6. The device will automatically reboot at the end of the procedure and you should see a
line that says "SUCCESSFUL" in the terminal window. The device is now set to factory
default configuration. Refer to Accessing the Barionet for the first time in Chapter 2 for
information on determining or setting the IP address and establishing communication
with the device over the network.
The serial rescue procedure erases the Barionet 50's entire flash memory and re-loads the
firmware and the example digital I/O tunnel BCL application in WEB4. If you have loaded
other BCL programs or HTML pages in WEB4, you'll need to re-load the COB file with the
application. Refer to Loading Custom Web Pages and BCL Applications in Chapter 5 for
more details on loading COB files.
7.5.4 Barionet 100 Serial Rescue Procedure
The serial rescue procedure is different for the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50. The steps
outlined here apply only to the Barionet 100. If you are working with the Barionet 50, refer
to the Barionet 50 Serial Rescue Procedure in this chapter.
You will need a null modem serial cable or adapter, described earlier in this chapter as well
as a standard 5mm shorting jumper to complete this procedure.
The Barionet 100 has been manufactured with two different versions of the Ethernet port.
You must identify which version of the Ethernet port your Barionet has in order to run the
proper script. In general, older Barionets, produced in 2005 or earlier come with the "LX"
version of the Ethernet port, while newer Barionets manufactured in 2006 or later have the
"EX" version.
If you are unsure which version of port your Barionet has, you can identify the version by
removing the top cover of the Barionet and examining the product number on the Ethernet
connector. To remove the Barionet cover, insert a small flat-blade screwdriver into one of
Barionet 50 Only
Barionet 100
Only
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the two latches on either end of the cover and gently pry the cover up. Then release the
second latch on the same side and lift the lid off.
Compare the product number on the Ethernet port to the following table:
Product Number
Barionet Manufacture Date
Ethernet Port Version
XP1001001-03R
2006 or later
EX
XP1001000-01
2005 or earlier
LX
You'll need the Ethernet port version for running the serial rescue script below.
1. Disconnect the Barionet from its power supply.
2. Install the shorting jumper on pins 2 and 3 of the reset jumper (J4). See Figure 35 above
for the location of J4.
3. Connect the Null modem serial cable to the Barionet RS-232 port and to the serial port
on the computer.
4. Start the serial rescue script for your operating system and Ethernet port version from
the table above.
The following table lists the scripts for each operating system and shows an example of
how the script should be used.
Operating
System
Port
Version
Script Name
Example
Windows
EX
rescue.bat <com_port>
rescue COM5
LX
lxrescue.bat <com_port>
lxrescue COM5
Macintosh
OS-X
EX
rescue.sh <serial port>
./rescue /dev/tty.usbserial
LX
lxrescue.sh <serial port>
./lxrescue
/dev/tty.usbserial
Linux
EX
rescue.sh <serial port>
./rescue /dev/ttyS0
LX
lxrescue.sh <serial port>
./lxrescue /dev/ttyS0
5. When the appropriate rescue script is started, re-connect the Barionet to its power
source.
6. Within a few seconds, the script should begin to transfer the firmware to the Barionet.
The script displays progress messages as it transfers the data.
7. At the end of the process, the script says "Rebooting the device...The device should
have been rebooted now."
8. Disconnect the Barionet's power supply and remove the rescue jumper from J4.
The serial rescue procedure does not reset configuration parameters to factory defaults,
unless you are also updating to a new version of firmware which changes the configuration
memory layout. See the next section on updating the firmware for more details. If you need
to reset the device to factory defaults, see Resetting to Factory Defaults earlier in this
chapter.
The serial rescue procedure erases WEB1 – WEB3, but it does not affect WEB4 – WEB7, so
any applications or HTML pages loaded in WEB4 – WEB7 are not affected.
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8 Updating Barionet Firmware
Barix is constantly working to improve our products. New releases of firmware for the
Barionet 100 and Barionet 50 are always freely available for download. This Appendix
describes the process of updating the firmware in the Barionet 100 and Barionet 50.
8.1 Checking the Firmware Version
Before attempting to update the firmware in the Barionet, check the current version by
clicking the Configuration button on the main status home page (For the location of the
Configuration button, see Figure 7 for the Barionet 100 and Figure 8 for the Barionet 50).
From the Configuration screen, click the "Update" button near the top of the screen. A
version screen should appear showing the versions of the various elements of the firmware.
Figure 39 shows a typical screen from the Barionet with the current firmware version
information.
Figure 39. A typical Barionet update screen showing the currently installed firmware
versions.
The main firmware version, which is listed first on this screen is the most important version.
Update kits from Barix will include all the necessary firmware elements with the version
numbers referenced to the primary firmware version (V3.00 in this example).
Check the Downloads section of the Barix web site to see if an updated firmware release is
available: http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/.
Caution
Be sure to download the firmware for the version of the
Barionet (the Barionet 100 or the Barionet 50) that you are
updating. Loading firmware for the wrong version will have
unpredictable results.
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8.2 Updating the Barionet 100 Firmware
There are two methods for updating the Barionet 100 firmware. The first method, updating
via the network, is simpler and should be used whenever possible. The second method
uses the serial rescue procedure. Both procedures are described here.
8.2.1 Updating the Barionet 100 via the Network
1. Download the update package from the Barix web site. The package is delivered as a
ZIP file, so the contents of the ZIP file must be extracted into a folder that is accessible
to the computer that will be performing the update process.
2. Open a command line window in Windows by clicking Start!Run and typing "cmd" in
the dialog box. Click OK to open the command line window. On the Macintosh, start
the terminal application from the Utilities folder.
3. Change the current directory to the folder where you extracted the update kit ZIP file.
4. Within that folder, you should find a batch file called barionet.bat (barionet.sh for the
Mac and Linux platforms). Run this script file, supplying the IP address of the Barionet
as an argument. For example, if the Barionet's IP address is 192.168.0.40, type
following command:
barionet 192.168.0.40 (Windows)
./barionet 192.168.0.40 (Mac and Linux)
5. This script will transfer the necessary files to the Barionet. When the process is
complete, the script prints "Done" on the screen.
Caution
If power is removed from the Barionet during this process
or the network connection is lost, the Barionet may be left
in an unreachable state. In that case, you'll have to use the
Serial Rescue procedure to re-load the firmware.
8.2.2 Updating the Barionet via the Serial Rescue Procedure
Use the Serial Rescue procedure to update the Barionet's firmware only if the network
update procedure failed, or the Barionet has become unreachable on the network. Check
to be sure that you are attempting to contact the Barionet with the correct IP address
before you conclude that it is unreachable on the network. See Accessing the Barionet for
the first time in Chapter 2.
To update the firmware using the Serial Rescue procedure, download the latest firmware
that is compatible with your version of the Barionet. Extract the ZIP file into a folder. Then
follow the steps outlined in Chapter 7 under The Serial Rescue Procedure using the tools
and firmware package downloaded from the Barix web site.
Note
The update kit will have a README file in the top-level
directory extracted from the ZIP file. The readme file will be
named README1ST.TXT or something similar. Check the
readme file for updated instructions on installing the
firmware, since new packages may also include changes to
the tools or procedures that have occurred since the time
this manual was written.
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8.3 Updating the Barionet 50 Firmware
There are two methods for updating the Barionet 50 firmware. The first method, updating
via the network, is simpler and should be used whenever possible. The second method
uses the serial rescue process. Both procedures are described in this section.
8.3.1 Updating the Barionet 50 via the Network
This update method assumes that you are able to connect to the Barionet 50 using a web
browser. If you are unable to connect, be sure you are using the correct IP address using
the procedures outlined in Chapter 2 under Accessing the Barionet for the first time.
Note
In most cases, updating the firmware in a Barionet 50 does
not affect the current configuration settings, such as IP
address or other settings. However, some firmware update
packages may include updates to the configuration memory
layout, which could necessitate resetting the configuration
parameters to factory defaults. In addition, if errors occur
during the update process, configuration settings may be
lost. Barix recommends making a record of all configuration
settings prior to updating the Barionet 50 firmware.
1. Open the main I/O status home page of the Barionet 50 in a web browser.
2. Click the "Configuration" button in the upper left corner of the main screen. Then click
the "Update" button near the top of the main Configuration screen. See Figure 40.
3. Check the firmware version (the first line of the version information) against the most
recent firmware available for the Barionet 50 on the Barix web site at:
http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/
Figure 40. The Barionet 50 Update Screen shows the current firmware version.
4. If a later version of firmware is available, download the update package from the Barix
web site. The package is delivered as a ZIP file, so the contents of the ZIP file must be
extracted into a folder that is accessible to the computer that will be performing the
update process.
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Note
The update kit will have a README file in the top-level
directory extracted from the ZIP file. The readme file will be
named README1ST.TXT or something similar. Check the
readme file for updated instructions on installing the
firmware, since new packages may also include changes to
the tools or procedures that have occurred since the time
this manual was written.
5. At the bottom of the Update screen is a link that says "Please click here to continue".
Click this link to start the update process. The Barionet 50 will restart in a special "boot
loader" mode. The first screen that appears includes a count-down timer that counts
down until the device is restarted in the boot loader mode.
6. When the boot loader process is started, an update screen appears (see Figure 41).
7. Click the "Choose File" button to select a file to load. Navigate to the folder you
extracted in step 4 above, and open the "update_rescue" folder within the update kit.
8. There are several .bin files in this folder. This update procedure updates all the firmware
components in a single step, so select the "compound.bin" file and click "Open" in the
file select dialog box. The compound.bin file contains all the update components.
9. Click the "Upload" button to begin the update process. The process will typically
require about 2 minutes to execute, but may take longer depending on the network
connection.
Caution
If power is removed from the Barionet 50 during this
process or the network connection is lost, the Barionet 50
may be left in an unreachable state. In that case, you'll have
to use the Serial Rescue procedure to re-load the firmware.
10. When the upload and update process completes, you will see a page that says
"compound.bin successfully loaded." Click the Update link on that page. This will
return you to the same Update page as in step 7.
11. Click the "Reboot" button on the update page. After a few seconds, click the link that
appears to reload the main Barionet 50 I/O status home page.
Figure 41. When the Barionet 50 restarts in Boot Loader mode, this Update screen appears.
8.3.2 Using the Advanced Update Process
In the update screen (Figure 41) there is also a link to the "Advanced Update" page. This
update process is very similar to the normal network update process described in the
previous section except that it allows you to update individual firmware components and
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select the memory destination for the various components.
The Advanced Update screen is identical to the normal update screen except for the
addition of a "Target" box, where you can enter the name of a memory location where
individual components should be stored in the Barionet 50. The following table describes
the components and the typical location of that component. Some of the components must
be loaded in the specified location. Others can be moved to alternate locations as indicated
in the table.
Resource File
Description
Default
Target
Alternatives
Bn50.rom
Barionet 50 firmware
8K
Must be loaded in 8K
Bario50web.cob
Configuration web pages
WEB1
WEB1 – WEB28
barionetbcl.cob
Sample BCL digital I/O tunnel
application and app setup pages
WEB4
Not required. May be
loaded in WEB2 – WEB28
Sg.bin
Firmware extensions
WEB29
Must be loaded in WEB29
Bclio.bin
I/O drivers
WEB30
Must be loaded in WEB30
Note
You'll also find a file called "empty.cob" which can be
uploaded to any of the memory pages from WEB1 through
WEB28 to clear that page.
Each time you update a particular component, follow these steps:
1. Click Choose File and choose the .bin, .cob, or .rom file you wish to update.
2. Enter the name of the target memory location for the component.
3. Click the "Upload" button.
4. When the upload and update is complete, you should see a page that indicates that the
file you chose was successfully uploaded. Click the "Update" link on that page.
5. If you are going to update another component, choose the "Advanced Update" link
again and upload the next component.
6. Otherwise, click "Reboot" when you're done updating components.
8.3.3 Updating the Barionet 50 with the Serial Rescue Process
Use the Serial Rescue procedure to update the Barionet 50 firmware only if the network
update procedure failed or the Barionet has become unreachable on the network. Before
starting the serial rescue process, check to be sure that you are attempting to contact the
Barionet with the correct IP address before you conclude that it is unreachable on the
network. See Accessing the Barionet for the first time in Chapter 2.
The serial rescue process reloads the firmware, the configuration web user interface, and
the example digital I/O tunnel application. The configuration parameters are also reset to
factory defaults by this procedure, so you'll have to restore specific settings after the
procedure is complete.
To update the firmware using the Serial Rescue procedure, download the latest Barionet 50
firmware from the Barix web site at http://www.barix.com/downloads/Barionet_Family/51/.
The firmware comes in a ZIP file, so you will need to extract the contents of the ZIP file into
a folder. Then follow the steps outlined in Chapter 7 under the Barionet 50 Serial Rescue
Procedure using the tools and firmware package downloaded from the Barix web site.
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Note
The update kit will have a README file in the top-level
directory extracted from the ZIP file. The readme file will be
named README1ST.TXT or something similar. Check the
readme file for updated instructions on installing the
firmware, since new packages may also include changes to
the tools or procedures that have occurred since the time
this manual was written.
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