This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the Axell Wireless Limited (AWL) Part
Number shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless specifically
authorised by AWL. This is a controlled release document and, as such, becomes a part of the Axell
Wireless Total Quality Management System. Alterations and modification may therefore only be
performed by Axell Wireless.
AWL recommends that the installer of this equipment familiarise themselves with the safety and
installation procedures contained within this document before installation commences.
The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information to service
and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any deeper level must
be performed by AWL, normally at the company’s repair facility in Chesham, England.
This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AWL’s Quality procedures, which
maintain the company’s registration to BS EN ISO 9001:2000 and to the R&TTE Directive of the
European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the company Quality Manual can be
supplied on application to the Operations Support Director (see section 2.7.).
This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive.
1.2. Limitation of Liability Notice
This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No liability is
accepted by AWL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained therein, or the
consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information, including, but not limited
to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing errors.
Furthermore, AWL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained within this
manual, or its completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope.
AWL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such, reserves the
right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and pertinence of this
document without notice.
All AWL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is expressly on
a return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not extend to on-site repair or
complete unit exchange.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Lincoln/Holland Upgrade Equipment
Document Number
60-214701HBKM
Issue No.
1 Date
29/08/2008
Page
5 of 43
2. Safety Considerations
2.1. Earthing of Equipment
Equipment supplied from the mains must be connected to grounded outlets and earthed
in conformity with appropriate local, national and international electricity supply and
safety regulations.
2.2. Electric Shock Hazard
The risk of electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies whilst
potentially ever present in any electrical equipment, would be minimised by adherence
to good installation practice and thorough testing at the following stages:
a) Original assembly.
b) Commissioning.
All test equipment must be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies can be
dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during disconnection and
reconnection.
c) Regular intervals, thereafter.
2.3. RF Radiation Hazard
RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs
connected to AWL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard.
This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a
‘spare’ output has been left un-terminated. Either of these conditions would impair the
system’s efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all RF power sources have been
removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50Ω, and that of free space at 377Ω, which would severely
mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could also be a hazard, if
any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched!
Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory) regarding
exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is capable of
producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if used with
antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas with backscreens
and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the RF power is on, is
strongly recommended.
Where the equipment is used near power lines or in association with temporary masts not having
lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is strongly advised.
2.4. Lifting and other Health and Safety Recommendations
Certain items of AWL equipment are heavy and care should be taken when lifting them
by hand. Ensure that a suitable number of personnel, appropriate lifting apparatus
and appropriate personal protective equipment is used especially when installing Cell
Enhancers above ground e.g. on a mast or pole.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Lincoln/Holland Upgrade Equipment
Document Number
60-214701HBKM
Issue No.
1 Date
29/08/2008
Page
6 of 43
2.5. Chemical Hazard
Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is sometimes
used in devices within equipment produced by Axell Wireless Ltd. Beryllium oxide dust
can be toxic if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems. It is harmless if
ingested or by contact.
Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power amplifiers.
These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones” danger symbol (shown
above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international regulations, but pose no threat under
normal circumstances. Only if a component containing beryllium oxide has suffered catastrophic
failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the formation of dust. Any dust that has been created
will be contained within the equipment module as long as the module remains sealed. For this reason,
any module carrying the yellow and black danger sign should not be opened. If the equipment is
suspected of failure, or is at the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned to Axell Wireless Ltd. for
disposal.
To return such equipment, please contact the Operations Support Department, who will give you a
Returned Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing
documents, and on all correspondence relating to the shipment.
PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials
Many modules/components in AWL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation barrier.
This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any person
feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes should seek medical
attention.
2.6. Laser Safety
General good working practices adapted from
EN60825-2: 2004/ EC 60825-2:2004
Do not stare with unprotected eyes or with any unapproved optical device at the fibre
ends or connector faces or point them at other people, Use only approved filtered or attenuating
viewing aids.
Any single or multiple fibre end or ends found not to be terminated (for example, matched, spliced)
shall be individually or collectively covered when not being worked on. They shall not be readily
visible and sharp ends shall not be exposed.
When using test cords, the optical power source shall be the last connected and the first
disconnected; use only approved methods for cleaning and preparing optical fibres and optical
connectors.
Always keep optical connectors covered to avoid physical damage and do not allow any dirt/foreign
material ingress on the optical connector bulkheads.
The optical fibre jumper cable maximum bend radius is 3cm; any smaller radii may result in optical
cable breakage or excessive transmission losses.
Caution: The FO units are NOT weather proof.
2.7. Emergency Contact Numbers
The AWL Operations Support Department can be contacted on:
Telephone +44 (0)1494 777000
Fax. +44 (0)1494 777002
e-mail qa@axellwireless.com
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Lincoln/Holland Upgrade Equipment
Document Number
60-214701HBKM
Issue No.
1 Date
29/08/2008
Page
7 of 43
3. Tri-Band Cable Signal Combiner 60-214702
Tri-Band Combiner 60-214702 is built into a wall-mounted, environmentally protected (IP65)
aluminium alloy case; RF ports and connectors are also IP65 standard making the entire enclosure
and connecting ports weatherproof. The door is fitted with three locking door handles which also
serve to locate the door onto the case. Caution, the door is not attached to the case when the locking
door handles are opened.
The Combiner has connections for various RF inputs and outputs across three bands; AWS, PCN and
Cellular.
AWS and PCN Downlink signals are received from the operators’ base stations, filtered and combined
into a single path and then passed to local LCX antannas, a portion of the Downlink signal is tapped
off and fed to a fibre optic transmitter which modulates the RF signal onto a laser for transmission to
the Remote Repeater 60-214701 as optical signals over fibre optic cable.
AWS and PCN Uplink signals are received from the local LCX antannas, filtered and amplified before
being split into their respective band/frequency allocations and fed to the operators’ base stations.
Optical signals from the Remote Repeater 60-214701 are demodulated to RF and combined with the
Uplink signal from the LCX antennas after the amplification stages.
The Cellular signal path is in the Uplink direction only, Signals are received, filtered and amplified
before being fed to the operators’ base stations.
60-214702 features dual redundant amplification stages in the Uplink bands so that in case of any
single amplifier failure, complete signal loss would not occur in that path, allowing continued
coverage. It also has a comprehensive alarm system (each amplifier module carries its own voltagefree contact alarm relay output). 60-214702 is powered from an AC supply at 110V.
Caution must be exercised when attempting to move or lift this unit as the gross weight of the unit is in
excess of 90kg (200lbs)
3.4. Tri-Band Combiner 60-214702 External Features
A RF Inputs and Outputs (see section 3.5. below)
C Cable Gland for Fibre Optic Cable Input/Output
D AC Mains Input
E Lockable door handles
F Wall mounting brackets
G Door Lifting handles
Note: Door is not fixed to body when Lockable door handles (E) are open.
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Lincoln/Holland Upgrade Equipment
Document Number
60-214701HBKM
Issue No.
1 Date
29/08/2008
Page
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3.5. Tri-Band Combiner 60-214702 RF Connections on underside of case
A PCS D/L I/P port “A-AT&T” 1930-1940MHz O PCS U/L O/P port “A-AT&T” 1850-1860MHz
B PCS D/L I/P port “A-T Mobile” 1940-1945MHzP PCS U/L O/P port “A-T Mobile” 1860-1865MHz
C PCS D/L I/P port “D” 1945-1950MHz Q PCS U/L O/P port “D” 1865-1870MHz
D PCS D/L I/P port “B” 1950-1965MHz R PCS U/L O/P port “B” 1870-1885MHz
E PCS D/L I/P port “E” 1965-1970MHz S PCS U/L O/P port “E” 1885-1890MHz
F PCS D/L I/P port “F” 1970-1975MHz T PCS U/L O/P port “F” 1890-1895MHz
G PCS D/L I/P port “C” 1975-1990MHz U PCS U/L O/P port “C” 1895-1910MHz
H PCS D/L I/P port “Nextel” 1990-1995MHz V PCS U/L O/P port “Nextel” 1910-1915MHz
I AWS D/L I/P port “A” 2110-2120MHz W AWS U/L O/P port “A” 1710-1720MHz
J AWS D/L I/P port “B” 2120-2130MHz X AWS U/L O/P port “B” 1720-1730MHz
K AWS D/L I/P port “C” 2130-2135MHz Y AWS U/L O/P port “C” 1730-1735MHz
L AWS D/L I/P port “D” 2135-2140MHz Z AWS U/L O/P port “D” 1735-1740MHz
M AWS D/L I/P port “E” 2140-2145MHz aa AWS U/L O/P port “E” 1740-1745MHz
N AWS D/L I/P port “F” 2145-2155MHz bb AWS U/L O/P port “F” 1745-1755MHz
cc Highband (PCS+AWS) Output to/Input from Local LCX port “RF-K”
dd Highband (PCS+AWS) Output to/Input from Local LCX port “RF-M”
ee Lowband (Cellular) U/P I/P port “RF-L”
ff Lowband (Cellular) U/P I/P port “RF-N”
gg Lowband (Cellular) U/P O/P port “RF-G AT&T Cellular”
hh Lowband (Cellular) U/P O/P port “RF-H BAM Cellular”
ii Lowband (Cellular) U/P O/P port “RF-I NEXTEL Cellular”
jj Lowband (Cellular) U/P O/P port “RF-J Port Authority 800 MHz”
kk Lowband (Cellular) U/P O/P port “RF-J2”
ll Earthing Connection
Axell Wireless Limited
Technical Literature
Lincoln/Holland Upgrade Equipment
Document Number
60-214701HBKM
Issue No.
1 Date
29/08/2008
Page
12 of 43
D 30dB Monitor Port coupled from D/L Output
port “RF
-K” (“cc” in section 3.
5.).
K 30dB Monito
r Port coupled from
Lowband (Cellular) U/L
Input
port “RF
-
N” (“ff” in section 3.
5
.).
P Spare cable Glands
3.6. Tri-Band Combiner 60-214702 Connections on R.H. Side of case
PQP
L
M
IJK
EFGH
ABCD
O
A 30dB Monitor Port coupled from D/L Output port “RF-M” (“dd” in section 3.5.).
B 30dB Monitor Port coupled from RF from F/O Uplink Input.
C 30dB Monitor Port coupled from RF from F/O Downlink Output.
R
N
110V
E 30dB Monitor Port for AWS U/L Input coupled from port “RF-K” (“cc” in section 3.5.).
F 30dB Monitor Port for AWS U/L Input coupled from port “RF-M” (“dd” in section 3.5.).
G 30dB Monitor Port for PCS U/L Input coupled from port “RF-K” (“cc” in section 3.5.).
H 30dB Monitor Port for PCS U/L Input coupled from port “RF-M” (“dd” in section 3.5.).
I 30dB Monitor Port coupled from Lowband (Cellular) U/L Output ports (“gg” to “kk” in section 3.5.).
J 30dB Monitor Port coupled from Lowband (Cellular) U/L Input port “RF-L” (“ee” in section 3.5.).
L 30dB Monitor Port coupled from AWS Uplink Output Ports (“W”, “Y” & “aa” in section 3.5.).
M 30dB Monitor Port coupled from PCS Uplink Output Ports (“P”, “R”, “T” & “V” in section 3.5.).
N Spare port
O Cable Gland for Fibre Optic Cables.