APPENDIX A ......................................................................................................................... 47
A.1.Glossary of Terms used in this document............................................................... 47
A.2.Key to Drawing Symbols used in this document ..................................................... 48
A.3.EC Declaration of Conformity.................................................................................. 49
A.4.Amendment List Record Sheet ............................................................................... 50
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 4 of 50
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Scope and Purpose of Document
This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the Aerial Facilities Limited (AFL) Part
Number shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless specifically
authorised by AFL. This is a controlled release document and, as such, becomes a part of Aerial
Facilities’ Total Quality Management System. Alterations and modification may therefore only be
performed by AFL.
AFL recommends that the installer of this equipment familiarise themselves with the safety and
installation procedures contained within this document before installation commences.
The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information to service
and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any deeper level must
be performed by AFL, normally at the company’s repair facility in Chesham, England.
This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AFL’s Quality procedures, which
maintain the company’s registration to BS EN ISO 9001:2000 and to the R&TTE Directive of the
European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the company Quality Manual can be
supplied on application to the Quality Manager.
This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive.
1.2. Limitation of Liability Notice
This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No liability is
accepted by AFL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained therein, or the
consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information, including, but not limited
to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing errors.
Furthermore, AFL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained within this
manual, or its completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope.
AFL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such, reserves the
right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and pertinence of this
document without notice.
All AFL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is expressly on a
return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not extend to on-site repair or
complete unit exchange.
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 5 of 50
2. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
2.1. Earthing of Equipment
Equipment supplied from the mains must be connected to grounded outlets and earthed
in conformity with appropriate local, national and international electricity supply and
safety regulations.
2.2. Electric Shock Hazard
The risk of electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies whilst
potentially ever present in any electrical equipment, would be minimised by adherence
to good installation practice and thorough testing at the following stages:
a) Original assembly.
b) Commissioning.
c) Regular intervals, thereafter.
All test equipment must be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies can be
dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during disconnection and
reconnection.
2.3. RF Radiation Hazard
RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs
connected to AFL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard.
This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a
‘spare’ output has been left un-terminated. Either of these conditions would impair the
system’s efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all
removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50, and that of free space at 377, which would severely
mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could also be a hazard, if
any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched!
Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory) regarding
exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is capable of
producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if used with
antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas with backscreens
and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the RF power is on, is
strongly recommended.
Where the equipment is used near power lines or in association with temporary masts not having
lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is strongly advised.
RF power sources have been
2.4. Lifting and other Health and Safety Recommendations
Certain items of AFL equipment are heavy and care should be taken when lifting them
by hand. Ensure that a suitable number of personnel, appropriate lifting apparatus
and appropriate personal protective equipment is used especially when installing Cell
Enhancers above ground e.g. on a mast or pole.
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 6 of 50
2.5. Chemical Hazard
Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is sometimes
used in devices within equipment produced by Aerial Facilities Ltd. Beryllium oxide
dust can be toxic if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems. It is harmless if
ingested or by contact.
Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power amplifiers.
These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones” danger symbol (shown
above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international regulations, but pose no threat under
normal circumstances. Only if a component containing beryllium oxide has suffered catastrophic
failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the formation of dust. Any dust that has been created
will be contained within the equipment module as long as the module remains sealed. For this reason,
any module carrying the yellow and black danger sign should not be opened. If the equipment is
suspected of failure, or is at the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned to Aerial Facilities Ltd for
disposal.
To return such equipment, please contact the Quality Department, who will give you a Returned
Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing documents, and on
all correspondence relating to the shipment.
PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials
Many modules/components in AFL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation barrier.
This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any person
feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes should seek medical
attention.
2.6. Laser safety
General good working practices adapted from
EN60825-2: 2004/ EC 60825-2:2004
Do not stare with unprotected eyes or with any unapproved optical device at the fibre
ends or connector faces or point them at other people, Use only approved filtered or attenuating
viewing aids.
Any single or multiple fibre end or ends found not to be terminated (for example, matched, spliced)
shall be individually or collectively covered when not being worked on. They shall not be readily
visible and sharp ends shall not be exposed.
When using test cords, the optical power source shall be the last connected and the first
disconnected; use only approved methods for cleaning and preparing optical fibres and optical
connectors.
Always keep optical connectors covered to avoid physical damage and do not allow any dirt/foreign
material ingress on the optical connector bulkheads.
The optical fibre jumper cable maximum bend radius is 3cm; any smaller radii may result in optical
cable breakage or excessive transmission losses.
Caution: The FO units are NOT
weather proof.
2.7. Emergency Contact Numbers
The AFL Quality Department can be contacted on:
Telephone +44 (0)1494 777000
Fax. +44 (0)1494 777002
e-mailqa@aerialfacilities.com
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 7 of 50
3. MASTER SITE 60-212701
The Master Site Shelf is a 3U Rack mount shelf and provides two separate RF paths, uplink and
downlink with provision to vary the gain of either path using a switched variable attenuator, one in
each path. The active Fibre Optic modules in the unit are powered from an internal 12V PSU which
runs from a mains feed of 110V AC
The downlink signal is received from the antenna and enters the master site via the port labelled “TX”,
the signal passes through a switched variable attenuator (10-000801) providing up to 30dB of
attenuation 2dB steps. After leaving the attenuator the signal is split into two equal paths by a 3dB
splitter/combiner (05-002603) and each path is passed into a Fibre Optic Transmitter (20-005401)
where the signal is modulated onto a laser as an optical signal for transmission to the remote site via
fibre optic cable. The fibre optic signal leaves the master site via the ports labelled “F/O DL” (Fibre
Optic Downlink). Only one “F/O DL” port is used, the second one being available for future expansion.
Uplink signals are received at the master site as optical signals sent from the remote site, the fibre
optic cable carrying the optical signals enter the master site via the ports labelled “F/O UL” (Only one
“F/O UL” port is used, the second one being available for future expansion). Upon entering the master
site the optical signal is passed to a fibre optic receiver (20-005501) where the signal is demodulated
into an RF signal. After leaving the fibre optic receivers the two RF signal paths are combined by a
3dB splitter/combiner (05-002603) to produce a single path which then passes through a switched
variable attenuator (10-000701) providing up to 30dB of attenuation 2dB steps. After leaving the
attenuator the RF signal leaves the master site via the port labelled “RX”
The individual fibre optic TX and RX units are fitted with a pair of status indicators on their front
panels. One is a green LED, which indicates that the unit is connected to a 12 Volt DC power supply.
This indicator is common to both transmit and receive units. The second LED on the TX module
indicates that the laser is operating (transmitting). On the RX unit the second LED indicates that a
laser-light signal is being received.
When all the fibre connections are completed and power to each site is connected each fibre unit
must show two illuminated indicators.
Component Part Description Qty Per
Assembly
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 8 of 50
3.2. 60-212701 Diagrams
Master Site 60-212701 Front Panel (Not to scale)
A Green LED “Power On”
B Red LED “Alarm”
C Green LED Fibre Optic Receiver 1 “Power On”
D Green LED Fibre Optic Receiver 1 “Laser On”, LED not illuminated = Alarm
E Fibre Optic Receiver 1 Gain Adjust
F Green LED Fibre Optic Receiver 2 “Power On”
G Green LED Fibre Optic Receiver 2 “Laser On”, LED not illuminated = Alarm
H Fibre Optic Receiver 2 Gain Adjust
I Green LED Fibre Optic Transmitter 1 “Power On”
J Green LED Fibre Optic Transmitter 1 “Laser On”, LED not illuminated = Alarm
K Green LED Fibre Optic Transmitter 2 “Power On”
L Green LED Fibre Optic Transmitter 2 “Laser On”, LED not illuminated = Alarm
Master Site 60-212701 Rear Panel (Not to scale)
A RX Port – Uplink RF out to antenna GEarth connection
B Fibre Optic input 2 (uplink from remote site) HUplink Switched Attenuator
C Fibre Optic input 1 (uplink from remote site) I Downlink Switched Attenuator
D TX Port – Downlink RF in from antenna J Alarm Output
E Fibre Optic output 2 (downlink to remote site) K AC Trip Switch
F Fibre Optic output 1 (downlink to remote site) L AC input (110V)
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 9 of 50
3.3. 60-212701 System Diagram
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 10 of 50
3.4. 60-212701 Major Sub Components
3.4.1. UHF 3dB Splitter/Combiner (05-002603)
The 3dB Splitter/Combiner (05-002603) is a device for accurately matching two RF signals to a single
port or splitting an RF signal to two ports whilst maintaining an accurate 50 load to all inputs/outputs
and ensuring that the VSWR and insertion losses are kept to a minimum.
10-000701 provides attenuation from 0 - 30dB in 2 dB steps, the attenuation is simply set using the
four miniature toggle switches on the top of each unit. Each switch is clearly marked with the
attenuation it provides, and the total attenuation in line is the sum of the values switched in. They are
designed to maintain an accurate 50 impedance over their operating frequency at both input and
output.
10-000701 Specification
PARAMETERSPECIFICATION
Attenuation Values0-30dB
Attenuation Steps2, 4, 8 and 16dB
Power Handling0.25 Watt
Attenuation Accuracy± 1.0 dB
Frequency Rang DC to 1GHz
Impedance50ȍ
ConnectorsSMA
VSWR1.3:1
Weigh0.2kg
operation-20°C to +60°C Temperature
range
storage-40°C to +70°C
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 11 of 50
3.4.3. Switched Attenuator 0-30dB 1W (10-000801)
10-000801 provides attenuation from 0 - 30dB in 2 dB steps, the attenuation is simply set using the
four miniature toggle switches on the top of each unit. Each switch is clearly marked with the
attenuation it provides, and the total attenuation in line is the sum of the values switched in. They are
designed to maintain an accurate 50ȍ impedance over their operating frequency at both input and
output.
The transmitter modulates the RF signal on to a laser, which is then transmitted over a fibre optic
cable to a receiver. The laser current is monitored and compensated for constant optical out put
power against temperature variation and aging. Laser over-current alarm function is provided as LED
output as well as open collect and voltage-free relay contacts on 9 way D-type connector.
20-005401 specification
PARAMETERSPECIFICATION
Frequency Range (RF path)70 - 3000 MHz
Frequency Range (Data path)20 – 35 MHz
Available Link Gain (RF Path)18 dB
Link Gain ( DATA Path)0 dB
Gain Flatness (entire frequency range)±1.5 dB p-p
'Gain vs. Temperature -20 to 70 ºC
Gain adjustment range ( RF Path )30 dB
In/Out Return Loss (RF path)10 dB Min
Output IP3 @ max gain *37 dBm
In/Output IP3 @ 0dB Gain *33 dBm
RF impedance50 Ohm
Noise Figure @ 0dB gain (400MHz)36 dB
Optical Transmit Power2.7±0.3 dBm
Optical return loss>50 dB
Received Power Alarm Threshold-10 dBm(optic)
Optical wavelength1310 nm
DC Supply Voltage10-12 Vdc
DC Supply Current120 mA
Operating Temperature-20 to 70 ºC
Storage Temperature-30 to 85 ºC
RF Connector typeSMA
Fibre optic connector typeFC/APC
3.5 dB
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 12 of 50
Fibre Optic Transmitter (20-005401) ‘D’ Type Female Connector Pinouts
Pin No. Signal Description
1 +10-12V DC Power
2 0V DC, Power Ground
3 0V DC, Power Ground
4 No Connection
5 No Connection
6 TTL Alarm, (0V=good, open coll.= fail)
7 Relay Alarm Contact (N.C)
8 Relay Alarm Contact (Common)
9 Relay Alarm Contact (N.O)
3.4.5. Fibre Optic Receiver (2.7GHz) (20-005501)
The receiver demodulates RF signals from the laser with a typical gain of 18dB and with 30dB
adjustability in the RF domain. The received optical power is monitored for alarm function in case of
fibre damage.
20-005501 Specification
PARAMETERSPECIFICATION
Frequency Range (RF path)70 - 3000 MHz
Frequency Range (Data path)20 – 35 MHz
Available Link Gain (RF Path)18 dB
Link Gain ( DATA Path)0 dB
Gain Flatness (entire frequency range)±1.5 dB p-p
'Gain vs. Temperature -20 to 70 ºC
Gain adjustment range ( RF Path )30 dB
In/Out Return Loss (RF path)10 dB Min
Output IP3 @ max Gain37 dBm
In/Output IP3 @ 0dB Gain33 dBm
RF impedance50 Ohm
Noise Figure @ 0dB gain (400MHz)36 dB
Optical Transmit Power2.7±0.3 dBm
Optical return loss>50 dB
Received Power Alarm Threshold-10 dBm(optic)
Optical wavelength1310 nm
DC Supply Voltage10-12 Vdc
DC Supply Current350 mA
Operating Temperature-20 to 70 ºC
Storage Temperature-30 to 85 ºC
RF Connector typeSMA
Fibre optic connector typeFC/APC
3.5 dB
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 13 of 50
Fibre Optic Receiver (20-005501) ‘D’ Type Female Connector Pinouts
Pin No. Signal Description
1 +10-12V DC Power
2 0V DC, Power Ground
3 0V DC, Power Ground
4 No Connection
5 No Connection
6 TTL Alarm, (0V=good, open coll.= fail)
7 Relay Alarm Contact (N.C)
8 Relay Alarm Contact (Common)
9 Relay Alarm Contact (N.O)
3.4.6. 12V Relay Assembly (80-008901)
The General Purpose Relay Board allows the inversion of signals and the isolation of circuits. It is
equipped with a single dual pole change-over relay RL1, with completely isolated wiring, accessed
via a 15 way in-line connector.
The relay is provided with polarity protection diodes and diodes for suppressing the transients caused
by "flywheel effect" which can destroy switching transistors or induce spikes on neighbouring circuits.
Its common use is to amalgamate all the alarm signals into one, volts-free relay contact pair for the
main alarm system.
80-008901 Specification
PARAMETERSPECIFICATION
Operating voltage8 to 30V (floating earth)
Alarm thresholdVcc - 1.20 volt +15%
Alarm output relay contacts
Max. switch current1.0Amp
Max. switch volts120Vdc/60VA
Max. switch power24W/60VA
Min. switch load10.0µA/10.0mV
Relay isolation1.5kV
Mechanical life>2x107 operations
Relay approvalBT type 56
Connector detailsScrew terminals
operational-10°C to +60°C Temperature
range
storage-20°C to +70°C
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 14 of 50
3.4.7. PSU 50W (12V 5A) (96-300048)
The power supply unit is a switched-mode type capable of supplying 12V DC at 5Amps continuously.
No routine maintenance of the PSU is required. If a fault is suspected, then the output voltage from
the power supply may be measured on its output terminals. This is typically set to 12.2V. The
adjustment potentiometer will be found close to the DC output terminals.
All the PSUs used in AFL Cell Enhancers are capable of operation from either 110 or 220V nominal
AC supplies. The line voltage is sensed automatically, so no adjustment or link setting is needed by
the operator.
96-300048 Specification
AC Input Supply
110 or 220V nominal
Voltage:
Frequency:47 to 63Hz
DC Output Supply
Voltage:
Current:5.0A
90 to 132 or 180 to 264V
(absolute limits)
12V DC (nominal)
10.5-13.8V (absolute limits)
Fibre Optic Master and Remote Site
User Handbook
Document Number: 60-212701HBK - Issue No. 1 Page 15 of 50
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