Axell Wireless 55 2032SERIES User Manual

SGC2111 FM Rebroadcast Amplifier

User Handbook

For

System Consulting Group

AWL Works Order Q117389

AWL Product Part No. 55-203201

AXELL WIRELESS UK

Aerial House

Asheridge Road

Chesham, Buckinghamshire

HP5 2QD, United Kingdom

Tel: + 44 (0) 1494 777000

Fax: + 44 (0) 1494 777002

AXELL WIRELESS SWEDEN

Box 7139

[e-mail]
www.axellwireless.com

174 07 Sundbyberg

Sweden

Tel: + 46 (0) 8 475 4700

Fax: + 46 (0) 8 475 4799

Axell Wireless Limited

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 1 of 23

Table of Contents

1.

Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3

1.1. Scope and Purpose of Document ..................................................................................... 3

1.2. Limitation of Liability Notice............................................................................................... 3

2. Safety Considerations ............................................................................................................. 4

2.1. Earthing of Equipment....................................................................................................... 4

2.2. Electric Shock Hazard....................................................................................................... 4

2.3. RF Radiation Hazard......................................................................................................... 4

2.4. Lifting and other Health and Safety Recommendations .................................................... 4

2.5. Chemical Hazard............................................................................................................... 5

2.6. Laser Safety ...................................................................................................................... 5

2.7. Emergency Contact Numbers ........................................................................................... 5

3. Equipment Overview ............................................................................................................... 6

3.1. 55-203201 System Schematic .......................................................................................... 7

3.2. 55-203201 Specification.................................................................................................... 8

3.3. 55-203201 List of Major Sub Components........................................................................ 8

3.4. Front View ......................................................................................................................... 9

3.5. Interior View .................................................................................................................... 10

4. Installation – General Notes .................................................................................................. 11

4.1. General Remarks ............................................................................................................ 11

4.2. Electrical Connections..................................................................................................... 11

4.3. RF Connections............................................................................................................... 11

4.3.1. Termination of Unused Ports....................................................................................... 11

4.4. Commissioning................................................................................................................ 12

5. Maintenance.......................................................................................................................... 13

5.1. Fault Finding.................................................................................................................... 13

5.1.1. Quick Fault Checklist................................................................................................... 13

5.1.2 Fault Isolation .............................................................................................................. 13

5.1.3. Downlink...................................................................................................................... 14

5.1.4. Checking service ......................................................................................................... 14

5.1.5. Fault repair .................................................................................................................. 14

5.1.6. Service Support........................................................................................................... 14

5.2. Tools & Test Equipment .................................................................................................. 15

5.3. Care of Modules.............................................................................................................. 15

5.3.1. General Comments ..................................................................................................... 15

5.3.2. LNA Replacement (general procedure)....................................................................... 15

5.3.3. Module Replacement (general procedure).................................................................. 15

5.3.4. Power Amplifier Replacement (general procedure) .................................................... 16

5.3.5. Low Power Amplifier Replacement (general procedure)............................................. 16

5.3.6. Module Transportation: ............................................................................................... 17

Appendix A...................................................................................................................................... 18

A.1. Glossary of Terms used in this document....................................................................... 18

A.2. Key to Drawing Symbols used in this document ............................................................. 19

A.3. EC Declaration of Conformity.......................................................................................... 20

A.4. Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Notice ........................................... 21

A.5. Document Amendment Record....................................................................................... 22

Appendix B...................................................................................................................................... 23

B.1 Initial Equipment Set-Up Calculations............................................................................. 23

Axell Wireless Limited

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 2 of 23

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201

1. Introduction

1.1. Scope and Purpose of Document

This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the Axell Wireless Limited (AWL)
Part Number shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless
specifically authorised by AWL. This is a controlled release document and, as such, becomes a
part of the Axell Wireless Total Quality Management System. Alterations and modification may
therefore only be performed by Axell Wireless.

AWL recommends that the installer of this equipment familiarise themselves with the safety and
installation procedures contained within this document before installation commences.

The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information to service
and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any deeper level
must be performed by AWL, normally at the company’s repair facility in Chesham, England.

This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AWL’s Quality procedures,
which maintain the company’s registration to BS EN ISO 9001:2000 and to the R&TTE Directive of
the European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the company Quality Manual can
be supplied on application to the Operations Support Director (see section 2.7.).
This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive.

1.2. Limitation of Liability Notice

This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No liability is
accepted by AWL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained therein, or the
consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information, including, but not
limited to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing errors.

Furthermore, AWL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained within this
manual, or its completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope.

AWL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such, reserves
the right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and pertinence of
this document without notice.

All AWL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is expressly
on a return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not extend to on-site
repair or complete unit exchange.

Axell Wireless Limited

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 3 of 23

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201

2. Safety Considerations

2.1. Earthing of Equipment

Equipment supplied from the mains must be connected to grounded outlets and
earthed in conformity with appropriate local, national and international electricity
supply and safety regulations.

2.2. Electric Shock Hazard

The risk of electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies whilst
potentially ever present in any electrical equipment, would be minimised by
adherence to good installation practice and thorough testing at the following stages:

a) Original assembly.
b) Commissioning.

All test equipment must be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies can
be dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during
disconnection and reconnection.

c) Regular intervals, thereafter.

2.3. RF Radiation Hazard

RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs
connected to AWL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard.

This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a

‘spare’ output has been left un-terminated. Either of these conditions would impair
the system’s efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all RF power sources have
been removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50, and that of free space at 377, which would severely
mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could also be a hazard,
if any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched!

Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory) regarding
exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is capable of
producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if used with
antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas with backscreens
and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the RF power is on, is
strongly recommended.

Where the equipment is used near power lines or in association with temporary masts not having
lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is strongly
advised.

2.4. Lifting and other Health and Safety Recommendations

Certain items of AWL equipment are heavy and care should be taken when lifting
them by hand. Ensure that a suitable number of personnel, appropriate lifting
apparatus and appropriate personal protective equipment is used especially when
installing Equipment above ground e.g. on a mast or pole and manual handling
precautions relevant to items of the weight of the equipment being worked on must

be observed at all times when handling, installing or dismounting this equipment.

Axell Wireless Limited

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 4 of 23

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201

2.5. Chemical Hazard

Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is

sometimes used in devices within equipment produced by Axell Wireless Ltd.

Beryllium oxide dust can be toxic if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems.

It is harmless if ingested or by contact.

Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power amplifiers.
These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones” danger symbol
(shown above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international regulations, but pose no
threat under normal circumstances. Only if a component containing beryllium oxide has suffered
catastrophic failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the formation of dust. Any dust that
has been created will be contained within the equipment module as long as the module remains
sealed. For this reason, any module carrying the yellow and black danger sign should not be
opened. If the equipment is suspected of failure, or is at the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned
to Axell Wireless Ltd. for disposal.

To return such equipment, please contact the Operations Support Department, who will give you a
Returned Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing
documents, and on all correspondence relating to the shipment.

PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials
Many modules/components in AWL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation barrier.
This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any person
feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes should seek
medical attention.

2.6. Laser Safety

General good working practices adapted from
EN60825-2: 2004/ EC 60825-2:2004

Do not stare with unprotected eyes or with any unapproved optical device at the
fibre ends or connector faces or point them at other people, Use only approved filtered or
attenuating viewing aids.
Any single or multiple fibre end or ends found not to be terminated (for example, matched, spliced)
shall be individually or collectively covered when not being worked on. They shall not be readily
visible and sharp ends shall not be exposed.
When using test cords, the optical power source shall be the last connected and the first
disconnected; use only approved methods for cleaning and preparing optical fibres and optical
connectors.
Always keep optical connectors covered to avoid physical damage and do not allow any dirt/foreign
material ingress on the optical connector bulkheads.
The optical fibre jumper cable maximum bend radius is 3cm; any smaller radii may result in optical
cable breakage or excessive transmission losses.
Caution: The FO units are NOT weather proof.

2.7. Emergency Contact Numbers

The AWL Operations Support Department can be contacted on:
Telephone [phone]
Fax. [phone]
e-mail [e-mail]

Axell Wireless Limited

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 5 of 23

3. Equipment Overview

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201 is built into a wall-mounted, environmentally protected (IP65)
aluminium alloy case; RF ports and connectors are also IP65 standard making the entire enclosure
and connecting ports weatherproof. Handles are provided for carrying the unit and the door is fitted
with locks. A supply isolator switch is fitted inside the unit and there are Power On and Alarm
indicators on the outside of the door.

The amplifier passes one VHF band, 88MHz to 108MHz in the Downlink direction only.

The Downlink signal cable enters the Rebroadcast Amplifier case via the cable gland in the base of
the case (annotated “E” in section 3.4.) and makes a connection to the BNC connector labelled “75
OHMS INPUT” (annotated “B” in section 3.5.). The signal passes through Impedance Matching
Pad 98-000011 which changes the impedance from 75 to 50 and then passes through the
“input” Bandpass Filter 01-004503 which is tuned to pass the Downlink bandwidth of 88MHz to
108MHz and to reject out-of-band noise.

After leaving the filter the signal passes through Low Noise Amplifier 11-008802 and then passes
through Variable Switched Attenuator 10-000701 (annotated “F” in section 3.5.) which can provide
up to 30dB of signal attenuation (in 2dB steps) if required. The attenuator is controlled by the four
toggle switches on the attenuator body; each switch is clearly marked with the attenuation it
provides, and the total attenuation in-line is the sum of the values switched in.

After passing through the attenuator the Downlink signal passes through Low Noise Amplifier 11­006002 and then into Hybrid Splitter/Coupler 05-000102 which splits the signal into two equal
paths, each path then passes through a 20W Power Amplifier 12-028401 and then the two paths
are recombined by a second Hybrid Splitter/Coupler 05-000102; the resultant signal then passes
through a second Bandpass Filter 01-004503 to further reject out-of-band noise. The signal then
passes through 30dB Directional Coupler 05-000316 which couples off a small portion of the signal
which is passed through an Impedance Matching Pad 98-000011 which changes the impedance
from 50 to 75 and then goes to a BNC monitor/test port for the Downlink output labelled “-30dB
COUPLER” (annotated “P” in 5.3.).

The main RF Downlink path after passing through 30dB Directional Coupler 05-000316 goes to the
N type Port labelled “50 OHMS OUTPUT” (annotated “N” in 5.3.) and the Downlink output cable
which connects to the output port exits the Rebroadcast Amplifier case via the cable gland in the
top of the case (annotated “H” in section 3.4.).

Axell Wireless Limited

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 6 of 23

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201

3.1. 55-203201 System Schematic

Drawing Number 55-203281

Axell Wireless Limited

Technical Literature

Document Number 55-203201HBK Issue No. 1 Date 22/12/2008 Page 7 of 23

FM Rebroadcast Amplifier 55-203201