Glossary of Terms .....................................................................................................................................................6
Key to AFL RF Module Drawing Symbols.............................................................................................................7
3.150-063701 Parts Lists .................................................................................................................................13
3.1.1UHF Duplex Shelf 50-063702 Parts List .................................................................................................13
3.1.2Downlink UHF 5 Channel Shelf 50-063703 Parts List............................................................................14
3.1.3Uplink UHF 4 Channel Shelf 50-063704 Parts List ................................................................................15
3.1.4Leaky Feeder UHF Duplex/PA Shelf 50-063705 Parts List ....................................................................16
3.1.5UHF Simplex Shelf 50-063706 Parts List................................................................................................17
3.1.6Power Supply Shelf 50-063707 Parts List................................................................................................18
6.1Initial Installation Record .........................................................................................................................45
7.1.5Checking service ......................................................................................................................................48
7.1.6Service Support ........................................................................................................................................48
7.2Tools & Test Equipment............................................................................................................................48
7.3Care of Modules .........................................................................................................................................49
This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the AFL Part Number
shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless specifically
authorised by Aerial Facilities Limited.
Purpose
The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information
to service and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any
deeper level must be performed by AFL, normally at the company’s repair facility in
Chesham, England.
This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AFL’s Quality
procedures, which maintain the company’s registration to ISO 9001: 1994 and to the
R&TTE Directive of the European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the
company Quality Manual can be supplied on application to the Quality Manager.
This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive.
Limitation of Information Notice
This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No
liability is accepted by AFL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained
therein, or the consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information,
including, but not limited to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing
errors.
Furthermore, AFL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained
within this manual, or it’s completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope.
AFL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such,
reserves the right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and
pertinence of this document without notice.
All AFL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is
expressly on a return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not
extend to on-site repair or complete unit exchange.
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Glossary of Terms
Repeater or
Cell EnhancerA Radio Frequency (RF) amplifier which can simultaneously
amplify and re-broadcast Mobile Station (MS) and Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) signals.
Band SelectiveRepeaterA Cell Enhancer designed for operation on a range of channels
within a specified frequency band.
Channel Selective
RepeaterA Cell Enhancer, designed for operation on specified channel(s)
within a specified frequency band. Channel frequencies may be
factory set or on-site programmable.
BTSBase Transceiver Station
C/NRCarrier-to-Noise Ratio
Downlink (D.L.)RF signals transmitted from the BTS and to the MS
Uplink (U.L.)RF signals transmitted from the MS to the BTS
RSAReceiver/Splitter Amplifier
EMCElectromagnetic Compatibility
GNDGround
DCDirect Current
ACAlternating Current
IDIdentification Number
OIP3Output Third Order Intercept Point = RF
+(C/I)/2
out
LEDLight Emitting Diode
M.S.Mobile Station
N/ANot Applicable
N/CNo Connection
NFNoise Figure
RFRadio Frequency
RxReceiver
TxTransmitter
S/NSerial Number
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Key to AFL RF Module Drawing Symbols
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1.SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
1.1Electric Shock Hazard
Electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies.
Whilst ever potentially present in any electrical equipment, such a condition would be
minimised by quality installation practice and thorough testing at:
a) Original assembly
b) Commissioning
c) Regular intervals, thereafter.
All test equipment to be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies
can be dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during
disconnection and reconnection.
1.2RF Radiation Hazard
RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs connected to
AFL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard.
This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a ‘spare’
output has been left unterminated. Either of these conditions would impair the system’s
efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all RF power sources have been
removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50Ω, and that of free space at 377Ω, which would
severely mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could
also be a hazard, if any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched!
Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory)
regarding exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is
capable of producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if
used with antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas
with backscreens and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the
RF power is on, is strongly recommended.
IMPORTANT NOTE: To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a
separation distance of at least 20cm must be maintained between the leaky feeder attached to
this device and all persons. Furthermore the gain of antennas attached must be chosen and
located so as to satisfy the MPE categorical exclusion and co-location requirements.
Where the equipment is used near power lines, or in association with temporary masts not
having lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is
strongly advised.
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1.3Chemical Hazard
Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is sometimes used
in devices within equipment produced by Aerial Facilities Ltd. Beryllium oxide dust can be
toxic if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems. It is harmless if ingested or by
contact.
Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power
amplifiers. These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones”
danger symbol (shown above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international
regulations, but pose no threat under normal circumstances. Only if a component containing
beryllium oxide has suffered catastrophic failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the
formation of dust. Any dust that has been created will be contained within the equipment
module as long as the module remains sealed. For this reason, any module carrying the
yellow and black danger sign should not be opened. If the equipment is suspected of failure,
or is at the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned to Aerial Facilities Ltd for disposal.
To return such equipment, please contact the Quality Department, who will give you a
Returned Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing
documents, and on all correspondence relating to the shipment.
PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials
Many modules/components in AFL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation
barrier.
This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any
person feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes
should seek medical attention.
1.4Emergency Contact Numbers
The AFL Quality Department can be contacted on:
Telephone +44 (0)1494 777000
Fax+44 (0)1494 777002
e-mailqa@aerial.co.uk
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2.OVERVIEW/SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The equipment covered in this manual is a UHF Bi-directional Amplifier (also known as a
Repeater). Its main sphere of application is in urban areas where the topography is such that
shadows occur in the propagation pattern (for example within large buildings, conference
centres and tunnels, etc.)
The Amplifier is a 4-port device for direct connection to two Base facing antennas, usually a
highly directional Yagi or similar aligned towards the base (donor) site, and two radiating
cable feeders to cover the mobiles. The channel frequencies passed by the Amplifier are set
as per the specific customer requirements. In this instance, the channel module frequencies
have been ‘hard-wired’ and so it is not possible to change frequencies without some reconfiguration of the channel programming.
The system for which the Amplifier is to be used with is mainly duplex channel UHF radio
system but with a single simplex channel. The duplex channels operate constantly in each
direction using the Base Antenna port 2 and Radiating Cable port 2. There are five
Downlink (Base Transmit) duplex channels and four Uplink (Base Receive) duplex
channels. In addition there is the Uplink simplex (talkaround) channel operating via these
ports.
The Downlink simplex channel operates through the Base Antenna port 1 and Radiating
Cable port 1 ports. This is to avoid any interaction between the common frequency channel
high gain paths. Using separate antennas adds the isolation required for the simplex part of
the Amplifier to work.
The simplex channels are not constantly operating in their entirety. Instead, each simplex
path has the output amplification disabled and when an input is detected in one path that
amplifier will be switched on and the other path will be held off until that input signal has
stopped. In this way, the simplex part of the system is constantly ready to pass the channel in
either path.
The Bi-directional Amplifier consists of six different 19” rack mount 4U chassis. These are
a Base side Duplex/PA chassis (AFL part: 50-063702) to provide the link with Antenna 2
and the remainder of the system. In addition there is a Tunnel side Duplex/PA chassis (AFL
part: 50-063705) to connect the Radiating cable 2 to the remainder of the system. The
channel selectivity is made in the Downlink by a Downlink Channel chassis (AFL part: 50-
063703) and in the Uplink by the Uplink Channel chassis (AFL part: 50-063704). The
Downlink simplex channel and part of the Uplink simplex channel circuit is housed in the
Simplex chassis (AFL part: 50-063706) and there is a Power Supply chassis (AFL part: 50-
063707) to provide the DC supply to each of the five RF units.
The Bi-directional Amplifier is housed in a single 38U 19” rack. All external connections
are made towards the bottom of the rear of the rack suitable for cable entry via cable ducts
through the open underside of the rack. External connections are for the 110V AC input,
four ‘N’ type female RF connectors and a Krone block for the alarm output.
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For better understanding of the system, the system diagram on page 23 should be consulted.
Downlink path
Duplex system signals in the Downlink path arriving at Base Antenna port 2 are first passed
to the Base side chassis and so through a duplexed bandpass filter to ensure good input
selectivity. This is then followed by a 31dB gain LNA to provide some amplification and a
switchable attenuator then allows up to 30dB of gain adjustment in 2dB steps.
From here signals are routed to the Downlink Channel chassis where a 2 way splitter is
followed by two three way splitters to provide six equal paths. One of these is terminated
with a 50ohm load and the remaining five each connect to a channel selectivity module. The
Downlink channel modules offer 15dB gain and have ALC circuitry to limit the module
output to -25dBm. This is ensure that the total output power may not become higher than the
specified level. The channel module outputs are taken to two three way combiners for
connection to a two way combiner which then routes signals out of the Downlink Channel
chassis and to the Tunnel side chassis.
The Downlink duplex channel frequencies factory set are:
457.050MHz
458.225MHz
457.850MHz
457.300MHz
457.775MHz
In the Tunnel side chassis a 21dB gain LNA is then followed by a 15dB gain LPA to drive a
23dB gain 20Watt Power Amplifier which provides the final stage of amplification. The
Power Amplifier is followed by a duplexed bandpass filter connecting to the Radiating cable
port 2.
The Downlink simplex channel, 452.850MHz, is received at Base Antenna port 1 and is
passed through a bandpass filter to provide selectivity. A 31dB gain LNA then provides
initial amplification and this is followed by a switchable attenuator giving up to 30dB of
gain adjustment in 2dB steps. An ALC attenuator is then fitted for muting the input of the
channel module when an Uplink path signal has been detected and is being amplified in that
direction. The channel module following the attenuator has 15dB of gain and has ALC
circuitry to limit the module output to -20dBm to limit the total output power to that
specified in case of an increase in off-air signal input. The channel module is followed by a
31dB gain LNA and then a 15dB gain 1Watt LPA. A bandpass filter after the LPA connects
to the Radiating cable port 1.
Uplink path
All Uplink channels enter the Bi-Directional Amplifier at Radiating Cable port 2 and pass to
the Tunnel side chassis where a duplexed bandpass filter routes the signals to the Uplink
input amplifier, a 31dB gain LNA. A switchable attenuator then gives up to 30dB of gain
adjustment in 2dB steps before signals connect to the Uplink Channel chassis.
In the Uplink Channel chassis, a 2 way splitter connects to two three way splitters to provide
six equal paths. One of these is unused and so is terminated with a 50ohm load. Four of the
remaining paths each connect to a channel selectivity module giving 15dB gain with an
ALC limited maximum output of -23dBm. The four module outputs then connect to a four
way combiner for routing to the Base side chassis. The last of the six paths is routed to the
Simplex chassis which will be described later in this section.
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The Uplink duplex channel frequencies are factory set:
452.050MHz
453.225MHz
452.300MHz
452.775MHz
The four Uplink duplex channels arrive in the Base side chassis and pass through a 21dB
gain then a 15dB gain LPA driver before a 23dB gain 20Watt Power Amplifier. There is an
isolator fitted at the PA output to provide protection from the Uplink simplex channel path.
A 2 way combiner then combines the four duplex channels with the simplex channel and a
bandpass filter then connects to the Base Antenna port 2.
In the Simplex chassis, the Uplink path from the Uplink Channel chassis is first routed
through two ALC attenuators to mute the input to the Uplink channel selectivity module
when a Downlink simplex signal is being passed in the other path. A channel selectivity
module, set for 452.850MHz, then gives 25dB of gain and has an ALC level of -17dBm.
The module is followed by a 31dB gain LNA and then a 15dB gain LPA with an isolator at
the output to provide protection from the duplex path PA. The Uplink simplex signal then
connects to the Mobile side chassis for routing to the 2 way combiner.
The Power Supply Unit operates from an AC supply of 110V and has a 7.5Ampere circuit
breaker to switch the chassis On or Off. A 15A filter then provides some protection against
instabilities in the AC supply. There are two 400Watt PSU modules fitted and the outputs of
these are distributed to six 24V DC output sockets at the rear of the Power Supply chassis.
The RF connectors used for user interface are ‘N’ type female and interconnecting RF
chassis connectors are SMA female. Each of the five RF chassis has a DC input fuse and the
front panels have a green ‘Power ON’ LED and a red ‘ Alarm’ LED. The Power Supply
chassis has a single green ‘Power ON’ front panel LED.
Each chassis has a summary alarm output connecting to the Krone block at the lower rear of
the rack for user interface. In addition, the 19” rack has intruder alarms fitted to the front and
rear doors of the rack. The alarm outputs may be connected to singly or in parallel as a rack
summary. The alarm outputs are voltage free dry contacts being Closed in normal operation
and Open in an Alarm state.
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3.SPECIFICATION
3.150-063701 Parts Lists
50-063702BASE ANT SIDE UHF DUPLEX/PA CHASSIS1
50-063703DOWNLINK UHF 5 CHANNEL CHASSIS1
50-063704UPLINK UHF 4 CHANNEL CHASSIS1
50-063705LCX SIDE UHF DUPLEX/PA CHASSIS1
50-063706UHF SIMPLEX CHANNEL CHASSIS1
50-063707POWER SUPPLY CHASSIS, 110V AC INPUT1
97-50003338U RACK 38U 600 x 600mm RAL70351
97-500065EURORACK GND/EARTHING KIT1
3.1.1 Base Antenna Side UHF Duplex/PA Shelf 50-063702 Parts List
02-0107015POLE UHF COMBLINE BANDPASS FILTER2
05-002603UHF 3dB SPLITTER SMA1
08-00490525Watt 2 PORT ISOLATOR N 330-470MHz1
10-0007011/4Watt 0-30dB SWITCHED ATTENUATOR1
11-006102LPA 380-500MHz 1Watt1
11-007302LNA. 380-500MHz 20dB1
11-007402LNA. 380-500MHz 30dB1
12-016301POWER AMPLIFIER 380-470MHz 20Watt CLASS A1
17-004327ATTENUATOR COVER1
17-004730ATTENUATOR MOUNTING1
19-00082619" CHASSIS 400mm DEEP LID1
19-0010214U 19" RACKMOUNT 400mm DEEP CHASSIS1
19-0010244U 19" CHASSIS FRONT PANEL1
80-063820HEATSINK 20Watt PA1
91-030002N ADAPTOR PANEL FEMALE/FEMALE1
91-130005SMA BULKHEAD ADAPTOR FEMALE/FEMALE2
91-500001POWER PLUG 3 PIN PANEL MOUNT NC-X1
91-600014'D' 9 WAY SOCKET (NON FILTERED)3
91-600015'D' 9 WAY PLUG (NON FILTERED)1
91-600019'D'15 WAY SHELL (2W7)1
91-640004LARGE PIN FOR 91-660001 D SOCKET2
91-6600012W5 MIXED D TYPE SOCKET (7 WAY)1
96-110021T10A 0.25 x 1.25' FUSE CERAMIC2
96-110034FUSE HOLDER 16-30A, 32mm1
96-700034LED RED 5mm IP671
96-700035LED GREEN 5mm IP671
97-4000024U HANDLE [ALLOY]2
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3.1.2 Downlink UHF 5 Channel Shelf 50-063703 Parts List
05-002603UHF 3dB SPLITTER SMA2
05-0038033 WAY SPLITTER, UHF4
13-001803DUAL DC/DC CONVERTER 24V-12V 1A2
17-003012CHANNEL MODULE 450MHz, 15kHz (8p)5
19-00082619" CHASSIS 400mm DEEP LID1
19-0010214U 19" RACK MOUNT 400mm DEEP CHASSIS1
19-0010244U 19" CHASSIS FRONT PANEL1
20-00160112V RELAY BOARD3
91-130005SMA BULKHEAD ADAPTOR FEMALE/FEMALE2
91-500001POWER PLUG 3 PIN PANEL MOUNT NC-X1
91-600015'D' 9 WAY PLUG (NON FILTERED)1
91-620001'D' 25 WAY SOCKET5
93-930003SMA 50ohm TERMINATION2
96-110001FUSE HOLDER 20 x 5mm6.3A1
96-110011T 4A A.SURGE FUSE 20mm2
96-600002INSULATING BOOT SMALL1
96-600003INSULATING BOOT D.C.1
96-700034LED RED 5mm IP671
96-700035LED GREEN 5mm IP671
97-4000024U HANDLE [ALLOY]2
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3.1.3 Uplink UHF 4 Channel Shelf 50-063704 Parts List
05-002603UHF 3dB SPLITTER SMA1
05-0034014 WAY SPLITTER LOW POWER1
05-0038033 WAY SPLITTER, UHF2
13-001803DUAL DC/DC CONVERTER 24V-12V 1A2
17-003012CHANNEL MODULE 450MHz, 15kHz (8p)4
19-00082619" CHASSIS 400mm DEEP LID1
19-0010214U 19" CHASSIS 400mm DEEP CHASSIS1
19-0010244U 19" CHASSIS FRONT PANEL1
20-00160112V RELAY BOARD2
91-130005SMA BULKHEAD ADAPTOR FEMALE/FEMALE3
91-500001POWER PLUG 3 PIN PANEL MOUNT NC-X1
91-600015'D' 9 WAY PLUG1
91-620001'D' 25 WAY SOCKET4
93-930003SMA 50ohm TERMINATION1
96-110001FUSE HOLDER 20 x 5mm6.3A1
96-110011T 4A A.SURGE FUSE 20mm2
96-600002INSULATING BOOT SMALL1
96-600003INSULATING BOOT D.C.1
96-700034LED RED 5mm IP671
96-700035LED GREEN 5mm IP671
97-4000024U HANDLE [ALLOY]2
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3.1.4 Tunnel side UHF Duplex/PA Shelf 50-063705 Parts List
02-0107015POLE COMBLINE BANDPASS FILTER2
10-0007011/4Watt 0-30dB SWITCHED ATTENUATOR1
11-006102LPA 380-500MHz 1Watt1
11-007302LNA. 380-500MHz 20dB1
11-007402LNA. 380-500MHz 30dB1
12-016301POWER AMPLIFIER 380-470MHz 20Watt CLASS A1
13-001803DUAL DC/DC CONVERTER 24V-12V 1A1
17-004327ATTENUATOR COVER1
17-004730ATTENUATOR MOUNTING1
19-00082619" CHASSIS 400mm DEEP LID1
19-0010214U 19" RACK MOUNT 400mm DEEP CHASSIS1
19-0010244U 19" CHASSIS FRONT PANEL1
80-063820HEATSINK 20Watt PA1
91-030002N ADAPTOR PANEL FEMALE/FEMALE1
91-130005SMA BULKHEAD ADAPTOR FEMALE/FEMALE2
91-500001POWER PLUG 3 PIN PANEL MOUNT NC-X1
91-600014'D' 9 WAY SOCKET (NON FILTERED)3
91-600015'D' 9 WAY PLUG (NON FILTERED)1
91-600019'D'15 WAY SHELL (2W7)1
91-640004LARGE PIN FOR 91-660001 D SOCKET2
91-6600012W5 MIXED D TYPE SOCKET (7 WAY)1
96-110021T10A 0.25 x 1.25' FUSE CERAMIC2
96-110034FUSE HOLDER 16-30A, 32mm1
96-700034LED RED 5mm IP671
96-700035LED GREEN 5mm IP671
97-4000024U HANDLE [ALLOY]2
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