AXEL Platine Terminal
AX3000 Models 65 and 75
USER'S MANUAL
March 2006 - Ref.: AX3E/0521-1
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additional information, please contact:
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The information related to firmware 0521c in this document is subject to change
without notice. AXEL assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear
in this document.
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holders.
© - 2006 - AXEL - All Rights Reserved.
TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................1
1 - INTRODUCTION TO THE AX3000.............................................................. 5
1.1 - TERMINAL MODELS............................................................................. 6
1.2 - MAIN FUNCTIONS ................................................................................6
1.2.1 - Network Function ............................................................................6
1.2.2 - Terminal Function............................................................................ 7
1.2.3 - Print and Terminal Server ...............................................................7
1.2.4 - Tools and Statistics .........................................................................7
2 - INITIAL POWER-ON ....................................................................................9
2.1 - QUICK SET-UP....................................................................................10
2.2 - AUTO-CONFIGURATION....................................................................12
2.2.1 - Stage 1: Checking the Network..................................................... 13
2.2.2 - Stage 2: Sending DHCP requests................................................. 13
2.2.3 - Stage 3: Sending requests to AxRM .............................................13
a) Determination of the TCP port ..........................................................14
b) Determination of IP address .............................................................14
2.2.4 - Stage 4: Receiving the firmware download................................... 15
2.2.5 - Stage 5: Receiving the configuration file.......................................15
3 - INTERACTIVE SET-UP..............................................................................17
3.1 - SETTING NETWORK ENVIRONMENT ..............................................18
3.1.1 - AX3000 Interface........................................................................... 19
a) The DHCP Protocol ..........................................................................19
b) The Terminal Name ..........................................................................20
3.1.2 - DNS Protocol.................................................................................21
a) DNS Servers ..................................................................................... 21
b) DNS Domains ...................................................................................21
c) Publishing the Terminal Name..........................................................22
3.1.3 - Host Management .........................................................................22
3.1.4 - Router Management......................................................................23
3.2 - SETTING SCREEN, KEYBOARD AND DEFAULT PORT ..................25
3.2.1 - The Screen .................................................................................... 25
3.2.2 - The Keyboard................................................................................27
3.2.3 - The Default Port ............................................................................27
3.3 - SETTING EACH SESSION .................................................................28
3.3.1 - "Text Emulations" Session Type ...................................................29
3.3.2 - "IBM5250" Session Type...............................................................30
3.3.3 - "IBM3270" Session Type...............................................................30
3.3.4 - "RDP 5", "ICA" or "Citrix Desktop" Session Type..........................30
3.3.5 - "VNC" Session Type......................................................................30
3.4 - THE USB MANAGEMENT...................................................................30
3.4.1 - Specifications ................................................................................30
3.4.2 - Connecting a USB Keyboard ........................................................31
3.4.3 - Connecting a USB Barcode Reader..............................................31
3.4.4 - Connecting a Mouse......................................................................32
3.4.5 - Connecting a HUB.........................................................................32
3.4.6 - Connecting a Printer......................................................................32
a) Logical Port Attachment....................................................................32
b) Setting-Up .........................................................................................33
c) Releasing a Logical Port ...................................................................33
3.4.7 - Listing Connected USB devices ....................................................33
3.5 - SETTING AUXILIARY PORTS AND LOGICAL PORTS .....................34
3.5.1 - Setting Up the Ports ......................................................................34
a) Setting the AUX1 and AUX2 Serial Ports .........................................35
b) Setting the Parallel Port ....................................................................36
c) Setting USB Logical Ports.................................................................37
d) Setting TCP Logical Ports.................................................................37
3.5.2 - Connecting a Printer......................................................................38
3.5.3 - Connecting a Serial Terminal ........................................................39
3.5.4 - Connecting other Peripherals........................................................40
3.5.5 - Using AUX1 or AUX2 as a Main Port ............................................41
3.5.6 - Touch Screen (AUX1) ...................................................................41
3.5.7 - Other Uses.....................................................................................42
a) Using rtty ...........................................................................................42
b) Using the rsh Command to Print.......................................................43
c) Using printd Legacy Service .............................................................43
3.6 - MULTI-SESSION AND STATUS LINE ................................................43
3.6.1 - Maximum Number of Sessions......................................................44
3.6.2 - Multi-Session Keystroke ................................................................45
3.6.3 - Status Line.....................................................................................45
3.7 - PASSWORD ........................................................................................46
3.7.1 - Using the Password.......................................................................46
3.7.2 - Entering Set-Up .............................................................................46
4 - USING THE AX3000 ..................................................................................49
4.1 - TURNING ON THE AX3000 ................................................................50
4.2 - USING MULTIPLE SESSIONS............................................................51
4.2.1 - Opening Sessions ......................................................................... 51
4.2.2 - Switching Sessions .......................................................................51
a) With the keyboard.............................................................................51
b) With the mouse ................................................................................. 51
4.2.3 - Disconnecting Sessions ................................................................52
4.3 - LOCKING THE SCREEN.....................................................................52
4.4 - ADJUSTING THE TFT SCREEN.........................................................53
4.5 - TURNING OFF THE AX3000 ..............................................................54
4.6 - AX3000 HOT-KEYS.............................................................................56
5 - INSTALLING UNDER UNIX/LINUX........................................................... 57
5.1 - TEXT MODE SESSION (TCP/IP OR SERIAL MODE)........................58
5.1.1 - Setting a Session...........................................................................58
5.1.2 - Protocols: telnet, tty, ssh or aux1/aux2 .........................................59
a) The TELNET Protocol.......................................................................59
b) The TTY Protocol..............................................................................59
c) The SSH Protocol .............................................................................60
d) The AUX1 and AUX2 Serial Ports ....................................................61
5.1.3 - Selecting the Emulation.................................................................61
5.1.4 - Customising the Emulation............................................................62
a) Emulation General Parameters ........................................................62
b) Programmable Keys .........................................................................64
5.1.5 - Colouring Mode .............................................................................65
a) Standard Colouring Mode.................................................................66
b) Enhanced Colouring Mode ...............................................................67
5.1.6 - Underline Attribute Management...................................................68
a) Using the Session as a Monochrome Session.................................68
b) Using the Colouring Mode ................................................................68
c) Using Underline Attribute in Colour Mode ........................................69
5.1.7 - Connection Properties...................................................................69
5.1.8 - Login Script....................................................................................70
a) Enabling a Login Script.....................................................................71
b) Example ............................................................................................71
5.1.9 - The Multi-Shell...............................................................................72
a) Installation.........................................................................................72
b) Setting-Up the AX3000 .....................................................................72
c) Using the Multi-Shell .........................................................................72
5.2 - GRAPHICAL MODE SESSION (VNC) ................................................74
5.2.1 - Setting-Up a VNC Session ............................................................75
a) Connection Properties ...................................................................... 76
b) Additional Parameters ......................................................................77
5.2.2 - Configuring VNC on the Unix/Linux Server................................... 79
a) VNC Terminals with Login ................................................................80
b) VNC Terminal without Login .............................................................82
5.3 - CONTROLLING PRINTERS................................................................83
5.3.1 - The tty Protocol .............................................................................84
5.3.2 - The LPD Protocol ..........................................................................85
a) Using lpd under IBM AIX V3.x ..........................................................85
b) Using lpd under IBM AIX V4.x ..........................................................85
c) Using lpd under SCO UNIX...............................................................86
5.3.3 - The rsh Command.........................................................................87
5.3.4 - Using Transparent Mode...............................................................87
5.4 - THE AXEL TTY SERVER ....................................................................88
5.4.1 - Overview........................................................................................88
5.4.2 - Installing an AXEL tty server .........................................................89
5.4.3 - Using an AXEL tty server ..............................................................90
a) Overview ...........................................................................................90
b) Running the Axel Tty Server .............................................................91
5.4.4 -The axttyd Mechanism ...................................................................91
5.4.5 - Uninstalling ....................................................................................92
5.5 - REMOTE ADMINISTRATION ..............................................................92
5.5.1 - Rebooting the AX3000 ..................................................................92
5.5.2 - Resetting an AX3000 resource (screen session or aux. port) ......92
5.5.3 - Editing the AX3000 Settings..........................................................93
5.5.4 - Setting-Up the AX3000..................................................................93
5.5.5 - Downloading Firmware..................................................................94
5.5.6 - Viewing AX3000 Statistics.............................................................94
6 - INSTALLING UNDER OS/400 ...................................................................95
6.1 - 5250 SCREEN SESSION ....................................................................96
6.1.1 - Keyboard Type ..............................................................................96
a) Setting-Up the Keyboard Type..........................................................96
b) In event of problems .........................................................................97
6.1.2 - Setting a Session...........................................................................97
6.1.3 - Customising 5250 Emulation.........................................................98
a) 5250 Emulation General Parameters ...............................................99
b) Remapping 5250 Functions to PC Keyboards ...............................101
6.1.4 - Setting-Up the Auto-Signon Function..........................................102
6.1.5 - Connection Properties .................................................................103
6.2 - USING THE AX3000..........................................................................103
6.2.1 - The 5250 Status Line ..................................................................103
6.2.2 - Using the Keyboard .....................................................................105
6.2.3 - Programming Function Keys (Macro Feature) ............................107
a) Programming a Function Key .........................................................107
b) Processing a key sequence............................................................108
6.2.4 - The Mouse...................................................................................109
6.2.5 - The Transparent Mode................................................................109
a) Start and Stop Sequence................................................................110
b) Operating Mode Rules....................................................................110
c) Character or Hexadecimal Mode ....................................................110
d) Examples ........................................................................................ 111
6.3 - 5250 PRINTER ..................................................................................111
6.3.1 - Setting-Up and Using a Prt5250 Printer......................................112
a) General Settings .............................................................................112
b) Advanced Settings..........................................................................114
c) Using the Printer .............................................................................114
d) In Event of Problems.......................................................................115
6.3.2 - Setting-Up and Using an LPD Printer .........................................116
6.4 - REMOTE ADMINISTRATION............................................................117
6.4.1 - Rebooting the AX3000 ................................................................ 117
6.4.2 - Resetting an AX3000 resource (screen session or aux. port) ....117
6.4.3 - Editing the AX3000 Settings........................................................118
a) Under Windows ..............................................................................118
b) Under OS/400 .................................................................................118
6.4.4 - Setting-Up the AX3000................................................................119
6.4.5 - Downloading a Firmware.............................................................119
6.4.6 - Editing AX3000 Statistics ............................................................ 119
6.5 - FURTHER OPTIONS.........................................................................120
6.5.1 - Turning-Off the AX3000 ..............................................................120
6.5.2 - Reconnection Problem ................................................................ 120
7 - INSTALLING UNDER OS/390 ................................................................. 123
7.1 - 3270 SCREEN SESSION ..................................................................124
7.1.1 - Setting a Session.........................................................................125
7.1.2 - Customising the 3270 Emulation.................................................125
7.1.3 - Connection Properties.................................................................127
7.2 - USING THE TERMIMAL....................................................................128
7.2.1 - The 3270 Status Line .................................................................. 128
7.2.2 - Using a PC/AT Keyboard (102/105 keys) ...................................129
7.2.3 - Programming Function Keys (Macro Feature) ............................130
a) Programming a Function Key .........................................................131
b) Processing a key sequence............................................................132
7.3 - 3270 PRINTER ..................................................................................132
7.4 - REMOTE ADMINISTRATION............................................................134
8 - INSTALLING UNDER WINDOWS...........................................................135
8.1 - RDP SCREEN SESSION...................................................................136
8.1.1 - Setting-Up an RDP Session ........................................................137
8.1.2 - RDP Additional Parameters.........................................................138
8.1.3 - Automatic Logon and Auto-Run ..................................................140
8.1.4 - Printer Redirection.......................................................................140
8.1.5 - Auxiliary Port Redirection ............................................................142
8.1.6 - Bandwidth ....................................................................................143
8.1.7 - Connection Properties .................................................................144
8.2 - ICA SCREEN SESSION ....................................................................145
8.2.1 - Setting-Up an ICA Session..........................................................145
8.2.2 - Target Types and ICA Browser Settings .....................................146
a) Target Types...................................................................................146
b) ICA Browser Settings......................................................................147
c) ICA Browsing Examples..................................................................148
8.2.3 - ICA Additional Parameters ..........................................................149
8.2.4 - Automatic Logon and Auto-Run ..................................................150
8.2.5 - Printer Redirection.......................................................................150
8.2.6 - Auxiliary Port Redirection ............................................................151
8.2.7 - Bandwidth ....................................................................................153
8.2.8 - Connection Properties .................................................................153
8.3 - CITRIX DESKTOP SCREEN SESSION ............................................154
8.3.1 – General Configuration of the Citrix Desktop session..................154
8.3.2 - Using the Citrix Desktop ..............................................................158
a) Connection......................................................................................158
b) Using the Desktop...........................................................................159
c) Closing the Desktop ........................................................................160
8.4 - CONFIGURING THE WINDOWS SERVER ......................................160
8.4.1 - Encryption Level ..........................................................................161
a) RDP Protocol ..................................................................................161
b) ICA Protocol ....................................................................................163
8.4.2 - Automatic Logon..........................................................................164
8.4.3 - Idle Session Limit ........................................................................165
8.4.4 - Desktop Background with Windows 2003...................................167
8.4.5 - Allowing Blank Passwords with Windows 2003 ..........................168
8.4.6 - Time Zone Redirection ................................................................168
8.4.7 - Closing Phantom Sessions..........................................................169
8.5 - USING THE AX3000..........................................................................170
8.5.1 - Opening a Windows Session ......................................................170
8.5.2 - Information about the RDP session.............................................170
8.5.3 - Closing a Windows Session ........................................................171
a) Log Off from the Desktop................................................................171
b) Disconnect from the Desktop..........................................................171
c) Disconnect by the AX3000..............................................................171
8.5.4 -Turning-Off the AX3000 ...............................................................171
8.5.5 - In Event of Connection Problems................................................ 172
8.6 - MANAGING PRINTERS ....................................................................172
8.6.1 - Setting-Up the AX3000................................................................174
8.6.2 - Setting-Up the Windows Server ..................................................174
8.7 - PUBLISHING APPLICATIONS .......................................................... 175
8.8 - REMOTE ADMINISTRATION............................................................176
9 - TOOLS AND STATISTICS ......................................................................179
9.1 - THE PING COMMAND ......................................................................180
9.2 - CONNECTION MANAGEMENT........................................................180
9.3 - STATISTICS ......................................................................................182
9.3.1 - Ethernet Statistics........................................................................183
9.3.2 - Interface Statistics .......................................................................184
9.3.3 - TCP Server and TCP Client Statistics.........................................185
9.3.4 - USB Statistics..............................................................................186
10 - REMOTE SET-UP ..................................................................................187
10.1 - TELNET INTERACTIVE SET-UP ....................................................188
10.2 - BATCH REMOTE SET-UP ..............................................................189
10.2.1 - AX3000 Remote Set-Up............................................................189
10.2.2 - Obtaining a Configuration..........................................................190
10.2.3 - Error Messages .........................................................................191
a) Fatal Errors .....................................................................................191
b) Warning Error Messages ................................................................193
11 - DOWNLOADING FIRMWARE............................................................... 197
11.1 - OVERVIEW......................................................................................198
11.1.1 - Downloading Protocols..............................................................198
11.1.2 - Under Unix.................................................................................199
11.1.3 - Under Linux ...............................................................................199
11.1.4 - Under OS/400............................................................................200
11.1.5 - Under Windows .........................................................................201
11.1.6 - Firmware Files Names ..............................................................201
11.2 - DOWNLOADING BY TFTP PROTOCOL ........................................201
11.2.1 - Remote Administration ..............................................................201
11.2.2 - Downloading Through Set-Up...................................................202
11.3 - DOWNLOADING BY BOOTP AND TFTP PROTOCOLS ...............203
11.3.1 - Remote Administration ..............................................................204
11.3.2 - Downloading Through Set-Up...................................................205
11.4 - THE DOWNLOAD PROCESS .........................................................205
11.4.1 - The bootp Stage ........................................................................205
11.4.2 - The tftp Stage ............................................................................206
11.5 - IN EVENT OF DIFFICULTIES .........................................................207
11.5.1 - The bootp Stage ........................................................................207
11.5.2 - The tftp Stage ............................................................................207
APPENDIX.....................................................................................................209
A.1 - USING THE INTERACTIVE SET-UP ................................................210
A.1.1 - Enter the Set-Up .........................................................................210
A.1.2 - Navigation ...................................................................................210
a) The Horizontal General Menu.........................................................211
b) Vertical Menus ................................................................................211
c) Dialog Boxes ...................................................................................212
A.1.3 - Enter Data ...................................................................................212
A.1.4 - Special Notation ..........................................................................213
A.1.5 - Exiting the set-up ........................................................................213
A.2 - NETWORK OVERVIEW ....................................................................213
A.2.1 - Ethernet Addresses.....................................................................213
A.2.2 - IP Address...................................................................................214
A.2.3 - Router..........................................................................................214
A.3 - THE DHCP PROTOCOL ...................................................................217
A.3.1 - Overview .....................................................................................218
A.3.2 - Setting-Up the AX3000 ...............................................................218
A.3.3 - Using the AX3000 .......................................................................219
A.3.4 - Errors...........................................................................................219
a) Boot Time Failure............................................................................219
b) Re-negotiation Failure.....................................................................220
A.4 - THE DNS PROTOCOL......................................................................221
A.4.1 - Overview .....................................................................................221
A.4.2 - Resolving a Name.......................................................................222
a) Resolution Strategy.........................................................................222
b) Resolution Method ..........................................................................223
c) Messages Displayed on the AX3000 Screen .................................224
A.4.3 - Publishing the Terminal Name....................................................225
a) By the DHCP Server .......................................................................226
b) By the terminal ................................................................................226
A.5 - REMOTE SET-UP CONFIGURATION FILE FORMAT.....................227
Header ....................................................................................................229
Substitution Commands..........................................................................229
Ethernet Parameters...............................................................................230
TCP/IP Parameters.................................................................................231
Auxiliary Ports and Logical Ports Parameters ........................................232
a) AUX1 and AUX2 Ports....................................................................232
b) Parallel Port ....................................................................................233
c) USB Logical Ports...........................................................................234
d) TCP Logical Ports...........................................................................235
e) Service Table .................................................................................. 237
Multi-session Parameters .......................................................................237
Terminal Parameters .............................................................................. 238
Session Parameters ...............................................................................239
End of File............................................................................................... 246
A.6 - SETTING-UP AXEL DHCP OPTIONS ..............................................246
A.6.1 - Overview .....................................................................................247
A.6.2 - Adding an Axel option with the Microsoft DHCP Server.............248
A.6.3 - 'axrmserv' option: auto-configuration ..........................................249
A.7 - SETTING THE IP ADDRESS BY A PING COMMAND.....................250
A.8 - ADMINISTRATION COMMAND LIST ...............................................251
A.9 - MORE INFORMATION.............................................................................252
A.9.1 - Reload Factory Settings..............................................................252
A.9.2 - General Level: Advanced Parameters........................................253
a) The 'IP Addr. Set by Ping' Parameter .............................................253
b) The 'Link' Parameter.......................................................................254
c) The 'Telnet Set-up TCP Port' Parameter ........................................254
d) The 'Allow Network Discover' Parameter .......................................254
e) The 'Keyboard Type' Parameter .....................................................254
f) The 'Supplemental Signals to Handle' Parameter ...........................255
g) The 'Operating Mode' Parameter....................................................255
h) The 'Transmit Fifo, AUX1 and AUX2 ports' Parameter ..................255
i) The 'Administrator Hot-Keys disabled' Parameter...........................255
A.9.3 - Session Level: Enhanced Parameters........................................256
a) The 'Secondary Host' Parameter.................................................... 256
b) The 'TCP port' Parameter ...............................................................257
c) The 'mss' and 'Window' Parameters...............................................257
d) The 'Time to Live' Parameter..........................................................257
e) The 'TCP port Assignment' Parameter ...........................................257
f) The 'Nagle's Algorithm' Parameter ..................................................258
g) The 'Keepalive' Parameter..............................................................258
h) The 'Telnet Break Code' Parameter ...............................................259
i) The 'Telnet NAWS' Parameter.........................................................259
A.10 - HARDWARE AND FIRMWARE INFORMATION............................259
A.10.1 - Hardware Information ...............................................................259
A.10.2 - Firmware Information ................................................................260
a) General Firmware Information........................................................260
b) Available Functionalities ................................................................. 261
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
AX3000 - User's Manual 1
Introduction
This manual provides details on terminal operation, maintenance and set-up.
The manual is organized into the following chapters and appendices:
Chapter 1: Introduction to the AX3000
Introduction to the AX3000’s main features.
Chapter 2: First Boot Time
When the terminal is powered-up for the first time, the Quick Set-Up
provides a fast and easy method to configure the AX3000. In addition the
Auto-Configuration service is started.
Chapter 3: Interactive set-up
This is used to set up the terminal’s more advanced features. (Multiple
sessions, printers, etc)
Chapter 4: Using the AX3000
How to use the multi-session feature and how to shutdown the AX3000.
Chapter 5: Installing under Unix/Linux
Description of Unix/Linux specific features (tty server, multi-shell, VNC
server...).
Chapter 6: Installing under OS/400
Description of 5250 specific features.
Chapter 7: Installing under OS/390
Description of 3270 specific features.
2 AX3000 - User's Manual
Introduction
Chapter 8: Installing under Windows
Description of Windows specific features.
Chapter 9: Tools and Statistics
Description of the embedded AX3000 tools (ping, statistics, etc).
Chapter 10: Remote set-up
Description of configuring terminals remotely via ‘telnet’
Description of remotely sending a configuration text file to one or multiple
terminals.
Chapter 11: Firmware downloading
How to download the AX3000 firmware by using the tftp and bootp protocols.
Chapter 12: TCP/IP or serial operating mode
How to select the operating mode
Appendices:
The following appendices give more detailed information:
A.1 - Using the AX3000 interactive set-up
A.2 - Network overview (Ethernet address, IP address and routers)
A.3 - DHCP protocol
A.4 - DNS protocol
A.5 - Remote set-up configuration file format
A.6 - Axel DHCP Option
A.7 - Setting the IP address by a ping command
A.8 - Administration command list
A.9 - Going further...
A.10 - Hardware and firmware information
AX3000 - User's Manual 3
A Look at the AX3000
CHAPTER 1
---
INTRODUCTION TO THE AX3000
AX3000 - User's Manual 5
A Look at the AX3000
This chapter introduces the main features of the AXEL TCP/IP terminal.
1.1 - TERMINAL MODELS
The manual describes the configuration and the use of all the Axel terminal
models. The following table lists the main differences between each models
USB Ports Text Mode Graphical Mode
(RDP, ICA and VNC)
Models 65C --- yes --Models 75, 75E and 75B --- yes yes
Models 75C yes yes yes
For example, with model 65C the chapters about USB and graphical mode are
not relevant.
1.2 - MAIN FUNCTIONS
1.2.1 - Network Function
The Axel terminal supports the following network functions:
- DHCP: obtaining an IP address and other parameters
- DNS: publishing the terminal name and resolving host names
- routing: WAN connection
6 AX3000 - User's Manual
A Look at the AX3000
1.2.2 - Terminal Function
Each TCP/IP AXEL terminal can support up to six concurrent and
independent sessions.
This multi-session capability provides multiple connections across a network.
Each session can:
- connect to any TCP/IP networked host,
- use different protocols (ica, vnc, rdp, telnet, ssh and tty),
- have independent parameters (resolution, emulation, function keys,
colour video attributes, etc).
Programmable keystrokes are used to open or hotkey between sessions.
The maximum number of sessions per AX3000 is 6. This can be limited to fewer
sessions. (Minimum 1.)
Note: the AX3000’s operating mode (serial or TCP/IP) can be selected through
the Set-Up menu. The AX3000 can act as a serial terminal or a TCP/IP
terminal.
1.2.3 - Print and Terminal Server
The AX3000 auxiliary ports can be managed either:
- by a network service: LPD and PRT5250 for printers, TELNET CLIENT
for serial terminals and TTY for other peripherals.
- by escape sequences: compatible with serial terminals.
1.2.4 - Tools and Statistics
Embedded AX3000 tools provide the following features:
- ping,
- remote set-up,
- statistical environment,
- firmware downloading.
AX3000 - User's Manual 7
Initial Power-On
CHAPTER 2
---
INITIAL POWER-ON
AX3000 - User's Manual 9
Initial Power-On
This chapter describes the 'Quick Set-Up' feature and the 'Auto-Configuration'
service.
When the terminal is switched on up for the very first time two configuration
methods are available:
- Quick Set-Up: a dialog box allows the terminal to be set-up in few
seconds for typical use.
- Auto-Configuration: used in conjunction with AxRM, this function allows
the terminal to automatically receive new firmware and/or a configuration.
2.1 - QUICK SET-UP
This feature is automatically run when the AX3000 is powered up for the first
time or can be accessed at any time from the interactive set-up, by pressing
Ctrl-Alt-Esc.
The quick set-up is designed for a typical simple environment of:
- one host
- an optional router
- all sessions set identically
- an optional printer.
Note: After the ’Quick set-up’ is run all other parameters within the terminal are
reset to their factory default values.
10 AX3000 - User's Manual
Initial Power-On
Example of the quick set-up menu:
Quick set-up parameters:
- Keyboard: keyboard nationality. The value given is immediately enabled.
- Screen Type: possible values are CRT Monitor or TFT Flat Screen.
- Session Type: possible values are "Text Emulations", "IBM5250",
"IBM3270", "RDP 5", "ICA", "CITRIX Desktop" or "VNC".
- Emulation: only available if "Text Emulations" is selected.
- Enable DHCP: two possible values:
- yes: the DHCP protocol is run when the set-up is exited. The
DHCP function is automatically set to obtain the AX3000 IP
address and various other required DHCP options (netmask,
default router, etc).
- no: IP parameters must be manually entered.
- AX3000 IP address: mandatory if DHCP is disabled.
- Default router: optional router IP address.
- 1st DNS Server IP Address: optional DNS server IP address
- AX3000 Name (FQDN): this optional parameter (see appendix A.4)
allows the AX3000 to be identified by this name but only if both a DHCP
server and a Dynamic DNS server are available. (The default value is AX
followed by the last 3 bytes of the MAC address).
- Host Name: if the IP address of the host is not given, this name is
resolved by DNS (if a DNS server is given).
AX3000 - User's Manual 11
Initial Power-On
- Host IP address: if this field is left blank, DNS will be used to resolve the
hostname.
- Enable: This parameter selects the printing method and is dependent on
the ‘Session Type’ selected above.
If ‘Session Type’ is set to 5250 and a hostname is defined, PRT5250
(telnet printing) is automatically selected. For all other cases LPD is the
default printing system. This setting can easily be changed through
interactive set-up.
- Printer Name (accessible only if "Enable" is set): this is the printer name
at the operating system level.
- Manufacturer Type and Model (accessible only with Prt5250): printer
type and model.
For more information about DHCP and DNS, please refer to appendices A.3
and A.4.
2.2 - AUTO-CONFIGURATION
The Auto-Configuration feature allows a brand new ‘out of the box’ terminal to
be sent a specific firmware and/or configuration file without any human
intervention. There are also options to specify various terminal specific
parameters, for example an IP address, terminal name etc. Auto-configuration
is supported by the M65c and all M75 based products.
Note: the auto-configuration mechanism requires the following minimum
firmware and AxRM levels:
- M65c firmware version 0521c-06041 or later
- M75 firmware version 0521c-06041 or later
- AxRM version 2.0.2 or later (available free from www.axel.com
For more information on AxRM’s involvement in the auto-configuration process,
see the manual "Axel Remote Management - Version 2", available from
www.axel.com
The auto-configuration process is automatically initiated when power is applied
to a brand new terminal, or if the terminal is reset to factory defaults - see A.9.1
appendix.
12 AX3000 - User's Manual
.
)
Initial Power-On
The stages are:
- checking the network (link)
- DHCP request sent to obtain an IP address (and other parameters)
- Terminal contacts the AxRM server
- Firmware file sent (if required), followed by a reboot
- Configuration file sent, followed by a reboot
2.2.1 - Stage 1: Checking the Network
When the terminal is powered up the network connection is tested. The terminal
displays ‘Checking Network Link’. If a network connection is detected, a
message ' Auto-Conf' is shown. The terminal passes to stage 2.
Auto-conf.
2.2.2 - Stage 2: Sending DHCP requests
To obtain an IP address (and possibly of other parameters) a DHCP request is
sent. If a DHCP server is available its IP address is shown in the status line:
Auto-conf. / DHCP: aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd /
The terminal passes to stage 3
2.2.3 - Stage 3: Sending requests to AxRM
After obtaining an IP address via DHCP negotiation the terminal must start
communicating with the AxRM server.
This presents a challenge because the terminal must determine both the IP
address and the TCP port of the AxRM server.
The preferred way is to set the DHCP server to send this information in addition
to the AX3000 IP address. This information (IP address and port) can easily be
entered into the DHCP server by using "Axel DHCP option".
For more information about "Axel DHCP option" please consult the Appendix
A.6.
AX3000 - User's Manual 13
Initial Power-On
a) Determination of the TCP port
If DHCP sends a port number this is the TCP port used.
If no value is received a default value of port 80 is used.
b) Determination of IP address
Method 1:
If the IP address or DNS name is given by the DHCP server (through
Axel DHCP option) then this is the information the terminal uses to locate
the AxRM server.
Method 2:
If DHCP does not supply these values the terminal will try to resolve a
‘hardwired’ DNS name "axrmserv".
If the name is resolved the terminal can find the AxRM server. The name
axrmserv must be configured within DNS to resolve to the IP address of
the AxRM server. A DNS alias can be used to allow the AxRM server to
have two names, i.e. its original name AND axrmserv.
Method 3:
If "axrmserv" cannot be resolved, as a final attempt the terminal assumes
AxRM resides on the same PC as the DHCP server.
The IP address of the AxRM server and the location method used is shown on
the status line:
Auto-Conf. / DHCP: aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd / AxRM (1): www.xxx.yyy.zzz:nnnn.......
The terminal sends an 'auto-configuration' request to AxRM every 5 seconds. If
no response is received after 10 attempts the terminal starts the mechanism
again, i.e. from stage 1.
This loop stops when either AxRM responds or if a user presses any key on the
keyboard, causing the normal interactive quick setup to run.
14 AX3000 - User's Manual
Initial Power-On
2.2.4 - Stage 4: Receiving the firmware download
A dialog box on the terminal screen provides the status. From this stage the
mechanism can not be aborted.
Note that firmware downloading may not have been specified by AxRM, in
which case the procedure passes directly to stage 5.
The dialog box is as shown:
AUTO-CONFIGURATION
Network detection...................100BT-FD
IP Address..........................a.b.c.d
DHCP Server.........................e.f.g.h
AxRM Server.........................i.j.k.l:n
Firmware update.....................in progress
Config update.......................
Reboot..............................
After having received the firmware the terminal reboots automatically and reruns stages 1, 2 and 3 before passing on to stage 5.
2.2.5 - Stage 5: Receiving the configuration file.
This is the dialog box shown when receiving the configuration file:
AUTO-CONFIGURATION
Network detection...................100BT-FD
IP Address..........................a.b.c.d
DHCP Server.........................e.f.g.h
AxRM Server.........................i.j.k.l:n
Firmware update.....................TCP.XX.0521c.STD
Config update.......................in progress
Reboot..............................
Note: if the firmware is updated the new version is displayed. After the
AX3000 - User's Manual 15
Initial Power-On
configuration file is received the terminal reboots:
AUTO-CONFIGURATION
Network detection...................100BT-FD
IP Address..........................a.b.c.d
DHCP Server.........................e.f.g.h
AxRM Server.........................i.j.k.l:n
Firmware update.....................TCP.XX.0521c.STD
Config update.......................OK
Reboot..............................in progress
The terminal is now ready for use.
16 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
CHAPTER 3
---
INTERACTIVE SET-UP
AX3000 - User's Manual 17
Interactive Set-Up
This chapter describes AX3000 installation using the interactive set-up
procedure.
The following can be used to enter the AX3000 interactive set-up:
- Using <Ctrl><Alt><Esc> from the terminal
- Using Telnet from another terminal/PC. (see Chapter 10.1)
Note: the set-up can be password-protected, in which case the password must
be entered to access the quick set-up dialog box. For more information, see
Chapter 3.7.
Appendix A.1 explains how to use the interactive set-up.
3.1 - SETTING NETWORK ENVIRONMENT
This chapter covers the AX3000 configuration for DHCP or/and DNS protocols.
The topics described are:
- AX3000 interface (DHCP, IP address and netmask),
- DNS protocol,
- host table,
- router table.
Note: more information and explanations are given in the following appendices:
- Appendix A.2: Ethernet addresses, IP addresses, net masks and routers,
- Appendix A.3: DHCP protocol,
- Appendix A.4: DNS protocol.
18 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
3.1.1 - AX3000 Interface
To set the AX3000 interface select the [Configuration]-[TCP/IP]-[Interface]
menu. The dialog box below is displayed:
The use of this dialog box changes depending on whether the DHCP protocol is
enabled.
a) The DHCP Protocol
The DHCP protocol allows the terminal’s IP address (and other parameters) to
be obtained at the boot time.
When "Enable DHCP" is set to "Yes", the 'AX3000 IP Address' field is not
available and the following DHCP Option List allows certain parameters to be
automatically assigned by DHCP:
- AX3000 Netmask,
- Default router: see Chapter 3.1.4,
- DNS Servers: see Chapter 3.1.2,
- Default DNS Domain: see Chapter 3.1.2.
AX3000 - User's Manual 19
Interactive Set-Up
When <Space> is pressed on "Enhanced Parameters" a dialog box as shown
below is displayed:
The parameters of the DHCP Enhanced Box are:
- Lease Time (minutes): lease time value requested by the AX3000 from
the DHCP server. Depending on the DHCP server settings this
parameter may be ignored. The AX3000 automatically renews the lease
when it expires.
- Client Identifier: when a static IP address is needed (i.e. for the
AX3000’s print server), the AX3000 Ethernet address is generally used to
identify the AX3000. Some DHCP servers allow this character string as
an alternative identifier.
- Trace Mode: in the event of problems this mode allows the data
exchanged between the AX3000 and the DHCP server to be displayed
on the screen. The trace data is displayed directly on the AX3000 screen
(i.e. messages may 'pollute' the AX3000 display at any time).
- Check IP Address: when the offered IP address is received, the AX3000
can check that it's not already in use.
b) The Terminal Name
A terminal is always named. By default the terminal name is set to 'axel' suffixed
by the last part of the MAC Ethernet address. For example 'axel200002'
This name is used as the default connection name for RDP or ICA connections.
If the terminal name is to be published (i.e. registered to a DNS server) an
extension is required. This extension is called "DNS domain". For example
'paris.axel.fr'.
Registering an entry with the DNS server requires an FQDN. (Fully Qualified
Domain Name). If the "DNS Domain" parameter is empty, the "Default DNS
20 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
Domain" (supplied by the DHCP server) will be used. If "Default DNS Domain"
is empty, the name won't be registered.
The name registration can be performed by the DHCP server or by the terminal
itself. For more information see the next chapter and the appendix A.4.3.
3.1.2 - DNS Protocol
To set the DNS protocol, select the [Configuration]-[TCP/IP]-[DNS] menu.
The dialog box below is displayed:
a) DNS Servers
To resolve a name, the AX3000 sends DNS requests to a DNS server. The IP
address of this DNS server must be known. The AX3000 set-up procedure
allows two DNS servers to be entered.
Note: if 'DNS Servers' is enabled in the AX3000 Interface box (see Chapter
3.1.1) these two parameters are supplied by DHCP and cannot be accessed
here.
b) DNS Domains
A DNS domain can be used to resolve a server name or to register the terminal
name (see Chapter 3.1.3 and Appendix A.4).
Note: if the 'Default DNS Domain' is enabled in the AX3000 Interface box (see
AX3000 - User's Manual 21
Interactive Set-Up
Chapter 3.1.1) the 'Default Domain' parameter is automatically set and cannot
be accessed here.
c) Publishing the Terminal Name
The parameter "DNS Server Update" sets the method used for publishing the
terminal name:
- No: the terminal name is not published
- By the DHCP server (available only if the DHCP protocol is enabled -
see Chapter 3.1.1): the terminal name is registered by the DHCP server.
Requirement: the DDNS function (Dynamic DNS) must be supported by
the DHCP server. See Appendix A.4.3.
- By the terminal: the terminal updates the DNS server.. In this case the
parameter "If my FQDN already exists" controls the terminals behavior in
event of an error during the DNS server update (see Appendix A.4.3).
3.1.3 - Host Management
A host is a TCP/IP machine (UNIX, AS/400, etc) to which the AX3000 can open
connections (telnet, tty and VNC).
To configure the host table, select the [Configuration]-[TCP/IP]-[Hosts] menu.
A dialog box as shown below is displayed:
The host server definition depends on whether or not DNS is enabled (see
22 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
Chapter 3.1.2):
- No DNS: a host is identified by both an alphanumeric character string
beginning with a letter AND an IP address.
- With DNS: a host is defined only by its name. This name can be either a
full name (www.axel.com) or an incomplete name (as400). Its IP address
is resolved later. (See Appendix A.4).
Add a Host: move the highlight cursor to a vacant line and enter the name and
either its IP address or set DNS.
Delete a Host: select the host and press [DELETE].
Change a Host: move the highlight cursor over the name or IP address of the
host and enter the new value.
Note: the default DNS domains, previously defined through the DNS box are
displayed for information (they can not be modified).
3.1.4 - Router Management
A router is either a special electronic device, or a suitably configured host
computer, which enables data to be sent across two or more distinct physical
networks.
One router can be nominated as the 'default router' and then used to access
any network. Use of a default router simplifies site network administration. The
default router is only identified by its IP address.
However additional routers can also be declared, to reach specific destination
hosts or networks. Any such router must be identified with 3 parameters:
- the router’s IP address,
- the destination IP address,
- the destination type (a simple host or an entire network).
AX3000 - User's Manual 23
Interactive Set-Up
To configure the router table, select the [Configuration]-[TCP/IP]-Routers]
menu. A dialog box as shown below is displayed:
Default Router: to specify a default router enter its IP address. If a default
router is not required, leave this field blank. If 'Default Router' is enabled in the
AX3000 Interface box, this parameter is automatically supplied by DHCP and
cannot be accessed.
To Add a Router: move the highlight bar to a vacant line and enter the router
parameters.
To Delete a Router: select the router to be deleted from the menu and press
[DELETE].
To Change a Router: move the highlight cursor over a router parameter and
enter the new value.
24 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
3.2 - SETTING SCREEN, KEYBOARD AND DEFAULT PORT
Select the [Configuration]-Terminal]-[General] menu to access the following
dialog box:
This dialog box allows the screen, keyboard and mouse to be set.
3.2.1 - The Screen
Screen parameters:
- Screen Type: the available values are:
- CRT Standard Monitor: colour VGA/SVGA monitor,
- TFT Flat Screen.
- Screen Saver: this function automatically either blacks out the monitor
display (after a certain time of inactivity) or allows the screen to be locked
during the AX3000 use:
- no: function disabled.
- yes: function enabled. The display is restored when either the
- yes keyboard only:. The display is only restored when the
AX3000 - User's Manual 25
keyboard is used or data is received from the host.
keyboard is used.
Interactive Set-Up
- Energy Star Power Saver (available only if the screen saver feature is
set): to save or not monitor consumption.
- Password (available only if the screen saver feature is set): the lock
screen feature is only available if a password is entered. Press <Space>
to enter the password. For more information about the lock screen
feature, see Chapter 4.3.
- Delay (minutes) (available only if the screen saver feature is set): delay
before the monitor is turned off or locked.
Embedded touch screen support is offered by Axel terminals. "Touch screen
events" are automatically remapped by the Axel terminal into "mouse events".
No additional driver or settings are required on the server (Windows,
Unix/Linux, AS/400...). The "Touch Screen (Aux1)" values are:
- no,
- EloTouch,
- MicroTouch,
- Liyitec.
Set the touch screen manufacturer and see Chapter 3.5.6 for next operations.
26 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
3.2.2 - The Keyboard
Keyboard parameters (PS/2 or USB):
- Nationality: select the nationality from the following list:
American
English
French
Belgian
Dutch
German
Swiss Ger.
Swiss Fr.
Italian
Spanish
Luxembourg
Portuguese
Greek
Turk (Q & F)
Iceland
Czech
Finnish
Brazilian
Estonian
Poland
Denmark
Slovak
Russian
- 'NUM' LED Initialization: this led lights when the AX3000 is switched on
- 'CAPS' LED Initialization: this led lights when the AX3000 is switched
on
- Beep: enable or disable and set the duration of the bell sound (values:
no, short or long).
- Repeat Key Delay: select the automatic delay from when a key is held
down before it starts to auto-repeat (values: no, low, medium or high).
- Repeat Key Speed (enabled only if the automatic repeat is set): select
the automatic repeat speed when a key is held down (values: low,
medium or high).
3.2.3 - The Default Port
The default port is the port used to perform hardcopies or address the port
AX3000 - User's Manual 27
Interactive Set-Up
through escape sequences (for text-mode emulations).
Printer parameters:
- Default port: press <Space> to select the port.
- Pre-hardcopy String (available if "default port" isn't "none"): character
string sent before a hardcopy.
- Post-hardcopy String (available if "default port" isn't "none"): character
string sent after an hardcopy (for example "\0C" is a form feed)
3.3 - SETTING EACH SESSION
The AX3000’s built-in multi-connection capability allows simultaneous access to
up to 6 different hosts on one or more Ethernet networks.
Note: the session number is set via the multi-session dialog box(see Chapter
4).
These independent sessions each have:
- a connection: TCP/IP protocol and associated host
- a virtual terminal: emulation, function key values, number of lines, etc
Select the [Configuration]-[Terminal]-[Session X] dialog (where X is the
session number) to configure the session settings:
28 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
Note: the [RESET] button allows the default value for each setting to be reset.
The available session types are:
- RDP 5
- ICA
- IBM5250
- IBM3270
- VNC
- Text Emulations
Note: according the session type, the dialog box appearance changes.
3.3.1 - "Text Emulations" Session Type
Text mode session generally used for connections to Unix/Linux (telnet and tty
protocols).
The main parameter of this session type is the emulation. The available
emulations are:
ANSI
SCO OPENSERVER
UNIX SVR4
ANSI RS 6000
UNIXWARE 7
LINUX
VT100/220
VT52
WYSE 50/60/120
ADDS VP-A2 Enhanced
ADDS VP-60 Enhanced
3151
Others...
ANSI DOS
UNIX SCO 3.2.2
UNIX SCO 3.2.4
XENIX SCO
ANSI DATA GENERAL
ANSI INTERACTIVE
UNIXWARE 7
ATO300
PRISM
REAL/32
THEOS
OS2 POLYMOD2
SM9400
SM9412
TWIN SERVER
PROLOGUE 3
TVI 950
QVT119+
C332
For more information, refer to Chapter 5.1.
AX3000 - User's Manual 29
Interactive Set-Up
3.3.2 - "IBM5250" Session Type
Text mode session for connections to AS/400.
For more information refer to Chapter 6.
3.3.3 - "IBM3270" Session Type
Text mode session for connections to OS/390.
For more information refer to Chapter 7.
3.3.4 - "RDP 5", "ICA" or "Citrix Desktop" Session Type
Graphical mode session for connections to Windows NT4 TSE, 2000 or 2003.
For more information refer to Chapter 8.
3.3.5 - "VNC" Session Type
Graphical mode session for connections to Unix/Linux.
For more information refer to Chapter 5.2.
3.4 - THE USB MANAGEMENT
The M75C has an embedded driver support for four classes of peripherals.
(keyboards[includes barcode scanners], mice, HUBs and printers). The terminal
will recognise but will not be able to access other peripherals.
3.4.1 - Specifications
USB ports are only provided with the model 75C.
Technical specifications:
- Supported speeds:
- low-speed (1,5 Mbits): keyboard and mouse
30 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
- full-speed (12 Mbits): printers
- Maximal consumption: 500 mA (for both USB ports)
Important Note: power hungry non-computing USB devices must not be
connected to the terminal (fans, lights, etc..) as they have the potential to draw
too much current and cause the terminal to behave erratically.
The following USB devices are supported:
- keyboard,
- barcode reader,
- mouse,
- HUB,
- printer.
Other USB devices are detected but not supported.
USB devices may be hot-plugged. They are dynamically detected by the Axel
terminal.
Maximum number of connected USB devices:
- two keyboards and barcode readers,
- two mice,
- two HUBs,
- four printers.
3.4.2 - Connecting a USB Keyboard
The USB keyboard is automatically detected by the Axel terminal.
The USB keyboard settings (nationality, LED initialization...) are displayed and
can be changed in the AX3000’s General Parameters. For more information
see Chapter 3.2.2.
Note: multiple keyboards (USB and/or PS2) can be connected. The same
settings are used for both and they can be used simultaneously.
3.4.3 - Connecting a USB Barcode Reader
The USB barcode reader is automatically detected by the Axel terminal. A
AX3000 - User's Manual 31
Interactive Set-Up
barcode reader is treated as a keyboard. See previous chapter.
3.4.4 - Connecting a Mouse
A USB mouse is automatically detected by the Axel terminal. No specific
settings are required.
Note: multiple mice (USB and/or PS2) can be used simultaneously.
3.4.5 - Connecting a HUB
A USB HUB is automatically detected by the Axel terminal. No specific settings
are required.
3.4.6 - Connecting a Printer
a) Logical Port Attachment
When a USB printer is connected for the first time to the Axel terminal a logical
port is associated. Four logical ports are available: Usb1, Usb2, Usb3 and
Usb4.
The associated logical ports are listed in the menu [Configuration]-[Ports]-
[USB Logical Ports]. To get information of a USB printer, select its logical port
and press <Enter>. For example:
This association is maintained even if the printer is powered off, disconnected
or connected to the other USB port.
Releasing a logical port is a manual operation (see Chapter below 'Releasing a
32 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
Logical Port').
b) Setting-Up
The USB printer set-up procedure is the same as a serial or parallel printer.
For more information, see Chapter 3.5.2 and the following.
c) Releasing a Logical Port
A logical port must be manually released. This operation can be performed only
when the USB device is no longer connected.
In the menu [Configuration]-[Ports]-[USB Logical Ports] select the logical
port and press <Enter>. The following box is displayed:
Select the [DELETE] button to release the logical port.
The released logical port is removed from the list of the associated ports and is
now available for the next USB device.
3.4.7 - Listing Connected USB devices
To list all connected USB devices (supported or not) select the menu
[Diagnostic]-[USB].
Use the arrows within the displayed list to select a device and press <Enter> for
more information. A dialog box is displayed with more information – or a beep is
sounded if the device is not supported by the terminal.
AX3000 - User's Manual 33
Interactive Set-Up
3.5 - SETTING AUXILIARY PORTS AND LOGICAL PORTS
Three types of ports are provided for connecting peripheral devices:
- auxiliary ports: two serial ports (AUX1 and AUX2) and one parallel port.
- USB logical ports: a USB logical port is automatically created when a
USB printer is connected. Four USB logical ports are available (see
Chapter 3.4.6).
- TCP logical ports: a TCP logical port allows a network printer (or a
network print server) to be addressed in the same way as a local printer.
Two TCP logical ports are available (Net1 and Net2).
The AX3000 (auxiliary and logical) ports can be controlled:
- through a network service (lpd, tty, prt5250, etc). The management of the
ports is independent of the active screen session.
- through an RDP or ICA session (see Chapter 8).
- by escape sequences (transparent mode). This provides compatibility
with applications designed for serial terminals.
3.5.1 - Setting Up the Ports
This chapter covers selecting, setting up and choosing the network service for
each port. (Also see 3.5.2)
Note: within the dialog boxes, an [ASCII TEST] button allows communication
between the AX3000 port and the device connected. Regardless of the port
status (TCP/IP connection or not), when this button is 'pressed', data is sent
from the AX3000 port to the device.
Warning: if ASCII format is not supported by the printer, the banner won't be
displayed.
34 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
a) Setting the AUX1 and AUX2 Serial Ports
Select the [Configuration]-[Ports]-[Auxiliary Ports]-[Aux] dialog box to
configure each auxiliary serial port:
The following parameters can be set:
- Operating Mode: four modes are available:
- Printer: data flow takes place one way only (from the AX3000 to
the serial peripheral device). However handshaking between the
peripheral and the AX3000 is performed.
- Bi-directional Device: Used to control peripherals such as bar
code readers, touch screens, scales etc
- ASCII to EBCDIC: this mode allows ASCII data received by the
auxiliary port to be converted to EBCDIC (AS/400) format and be
placed in the keyboard buffer. This is useful for connecting PC
based peripherals (scanners, scales etc) to an AS/400 application.
Note: the 'associated service' must be set to 'none' and this port
must be set as the AX3000 default auxiliary port (select the
[Configuration]-[Terminal]-[General] menu).
AX3000 - User's Manual 35
Interactive Set-Up
- Speed: selected from a list (from 300 to 115,200 bits per second).
- Format: data format is selected from a list: data length (7 or 8 bits), stop
bit and parity (none, odd or even).
- Test Device Presence: the CTS signal can be used by the AX3000 to
detect the peripheral’s presence.
- Handshake for Transmission: handshake used by the peripheral to
control the AX3000’s data flow.
- Handshake for Reception (available only in bi-directional mode):
handshake used by the AX3000 to control the peripheral’s data flow.
- Service: see Chapter 3.5.2 and following.
- Parameters: see Chapter 3.5.2 and below
b) Setting the Parallel Port
Select the [Configuration]-[Ports]-[Auxiliary Ports]-[Parallel] dialog box to
configure the parallel port:
No specific settings are required for the parallel port.
For selecting and setting up and network service, see Chapter 3.5.2 and below.
36 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
c) Setting USB Logical Ports
Select the [Configuration]-[Ports]-[USB Logical Ports]-[UsbX] dialog box to
configure a USB logical port:
No specific settings are required for a USB logical port.
For selecting and setting up and network service, see Chapter 3.5.2 and below.
d) Setting TCP Logical Ports
Select the [Configuration]-[Ports]-[TCP Logical Ports]-[NetX] dialog box to
configure a TCP logical port:
The following parameters can be set:
- Connection Type: always 'raw'
- Server: press <Space> to select the server from a list.
- TCP Port: numeric identifier of the connection. The default value is 2048.
- Inactivity Time-out (sec): the session is automatically disconnected
after this inactivity delay.
AX3000 - User's Manual 37
Interactive Set-Up
- Service: see Chapter 3.5.2 and below.
- Parameters: see Chapter 3.5.2 and below
3.5.2 - Connecting a Printer
This chapter describes the set-up for an LPD printer attached to the AX3000.
LPD is a universal network printing protocol supported by all operating systems.
Often there may be a better more specific protocol to use, for example:
- Prt5250: specific for OS/400 (see Chapter 6.3),
- Prt3270: specific for S/390 (see Chapter 7.3),
- tty: specific for Unix/Linux (see Chapter 5.3),
- RDP or ICA redirection: dedicated to Windows (see Chapter 8).
The embedded LPD print server allows the remote printer to be accessed as a
standard system printer.
An LPD printer requires three parameters:
- an IP address (the AX3000’s IP address) or FQDN name if DHCP/DNS is
used,
- an identifier for the auxiliary port (character string),
- an optional filter to pre-process the file before printing (but generally this
processing is done at the operating system level).
To set the LPD service on an port, select the [Configuration]-[Ports]-[xxx]-
[yyy] dialog and enter the following parameters:
- Service: select lpd.
- Parameters: press <Space> to access the following dialog box:
- Printer Port Name: this is the port identifier. Sometimes the same
name is used for the printer at the operating system level.
38 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
- NL=CR+NL Filter: The line feed character 0x0A can be mapped to
carriage return + line feed 0x0D 0x0A,
- Enhanced parameters: see Appendix A.9.3,
- Pre-print String: character string sent before the print job.
- Post-print String: character string sent after the print job (for example
"\0C" is a form feed)
Note: if a serial port is used for printing, set the operating mode to 'Printer'.
For more information about lpd printers, refer to the chapter related to your
operating system in this manual.
3.5.3 - Connecting a Serial Terminal
Two serial terminals can be attached to the AX3000’s serial ports. These serial
terminals communicate with the target host(s) using the AX3000’s embedded
telnet service.
To configure the telnet service for the chosen serial auxiliary port, select the
[Configuration]-[Ports]-[Auxiliary Ports]-[AuxX] dialog and enter the
following parameters:
- Service: select telnet.
- Parameters: press <Space> to access the following box:
- Host: name of the host selected from a menu (see Chapter 3.1.3).
- TCP Port: numeric identifier of the telnet service on the target host.
The TCP Port default value is 23.
- TERM: the value of this variable is 'negotiated', between the host and
the AX3000.
AX3000 - User's Manual 39
Interactive Set-Up
- Auto-Connection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', the connection will
be automatically established when the AX3000 is powered-up.
Otherwise, the user can press any key on the serial terminal keyboard
to establish the connection.
- Auto-Reconnection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', a new
connection is automatically established after a disconnection.
Otherwise, the user can press any key on the serial terminal keyboard
to establish a new connection.
- Enhanced parameters: see Appendix A.9.3.
Note: the serial auxiliary port used must be configured for 'bi-directional'
operating mode.
3.5.4 - Connecting other Peripherals
The Unix/Linux tty service provides bi-directional control of the device.
Note: only the two serial auxiliary ports are bidirectional. For other ports
(parallel and logical ports) the tty service acts as a unidirectional service.
To set the tty service on the port, enter the following parameters in the
[Configuration]-[Ports]-[xxx]-[yyy] dialog box:
- Service: select tty.
- Parameters: press <Space> to access the following box:
- Host: name of the host selected from a menu (see Chapter 3.1.3).
- TCP Port: numeric identifier of the tty service on the target host. The
TCP Port default value is 2048.
- Auto-Reconnection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', a new
connection is automatically established after a disconnection.
Otherwise, the AX3000 must be power-cycled.
- Enhanced parameters: see Appendix A.9.3.
40 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
Note: Axel provides a Unix/Linux utility called axtty by which pseudo-terminals
may be associated with AX3000 serial ports. The AX3000 ports then appear as
local UNIX ‘/dev/xxx’ ports. For more information, see Chapter 5.4.
3.5.5 - Using AUX1 or AUX2 as a Main Port
A screen session can be associated with a serial port. This allows a serial dumb
terminal to be emulated.
Two serial screen sessions can be set-up (one with AUX1 and the other with
AUX2). TCP/IP screen sessions can be used at the same time.
For more information see Chapter 5.1.2 (sub-section d).
3.5.6 - Touch Screen (AUX1)
Note: touch screen support must be first enabled (see Chapter 3.2.1)
The touch screen dialog box is shown below:
Automatic Detection: press <Space> to automatically obtain the set-up
parameters from the touch-screen (see Chapter 3.2.4). To detect these settings
the Axel terminal scans a range of baud rates and data formats. When these
match the touch screen settings the serial line parameters are updated.
Calibration: press <Space> to display a dialog box which allows the touchscreen to be calibrated. (follow the instructions and touch the screen where '*'
are displayed).
Note: the touch screen functions properly only after the calibration has been
AX3000 - User's Manual 41
Interactive Set-Up
performed.
After the calibration is done touch screen events are automatically remapped to
the following mouse events:
- 5250 emulations: left double-click
- others emulations or protocols: left click
3.5.7 - Other Uses
a) Using rtty
With the rtty service, the AX3000 acts as a server. The AX3000 "listens" on a
given TCP port. Then, a connection can be established from a Windows or Unix
box to send or received data.
Note: the rtty service can also be used with the Axel daemon (axttyd) under
UNIX (see Chapter 5.4).
To set the rtty service on the port, enter the following parameters in the
[Configuration]-[Ports]-[xxx]-[yyy] dialog box:
- Service: select rtty.
- Parameters: press <Space> to access the following box:
- Port TCP: numeric value associates to this auxiliary port.
- NL=CR+NL Filter: The line feed character 0x0A can be mapped to
carriage return + line feed 0x0D 0x0A,
- Always Accept New Connection: set the AX3000 behaviour when a
rtty connection is already established and a second connection rtty is
received.
- Enhanced parameters: see Appendix A.9.3.
42 AX3000 - User's Manual
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- Pre-print String: character string sent before the printing.
- Post-print String: character string sent after an the printing (for
example "\0C" is a form feed)
b) Using the rsh Command to Print
The embedded rcmd service allows files to be printed through the rsh command
(or rcmd command, according to the operating system used).
To set the rcmd service on the required auxiliary port, select the rcmd service
from the [Configuration]-[Ports]-[xxx]-[yyy] dialog box. Then enter the name
of the associated printer port.
For more information about the rsh command, refer to Chapter 5.3.3.
c) Using printd Legacy Service
The printd service has been used in the past, under the UNIX axconf utility, to
control printers. To maintain backward compatibility it's still available, but the lpd
and tty services should always be used in preference.
3.6 - MULTI-SESSION AND STATUS LINE
The multi-session dialog box controls the following AX3000 parameters:
- the maximum number of sessions (i.e. simultaneous connections),
- special hot keys to flip between sessions,
- the TCP/IP status line.
AX3000 - User's Manual 43
Interactive Set-Up
Select the [Configuration]-[Terminal]-[Multi-session] dialog box:
3.6.1 - Maximum Number of Sessions
Generally the AX3000 controls six screens simultaneously. This number of
screens can be used for:
- multiple sessions (i.e. multiple simultaneous TCP/IP connections),
- multiple pages per session.
Note: when the dialog has been completed, the system checks that the total
number of sessions and additional pages is six or less. If it exceeds the
maximum, an error message is displayed.
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3.6.2 - Multi-Session Keystroke
The keystrokes to move from one session to another can be configured as
required. The default is <Alt><F1>, <Alt><F2>, etc, but other combinations can
be selected if this combination is not feasible.
SHIFT
ALT+SHIFT
ALT
CTRL+SHIFT
CTRL
CTRL+ALT
CTRL+ALT+SHIFT
3.6.3 - Status Line
A label on the status line (at the bottom of the screen) can be used to identify
each session. The label can be either the name of the associated host or a
user-defined label.
When the session is active the label is preceded by a '*'.
The status line allows switching sessions with the mouse. Click the session
label to switch the session.
Note about status line support:
- Text Mode Session: the status line is a supplemental line. For example:
when running a 25-lines emulation (ANSI, ...) the status line is located on
the line 26.
Warning: some monitors may not support frequencies used to display this
additional line.
- Graphical Mode Session: 16 pixels are required to display the status
line. These pixels are 'taken' from the current session. For example: with
a 1024x768 RDP session, the effective resolution managed by the TSE
server will be 1024x752.
Warning: using non-standard resolutions may cause some software to
behave unpredictably.
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Interactive Set-Up
3.7 - PASSWORD
Access to the set-up procedure can be controlled by a password.
3.7.1 - Using the Password
Select the [Configuration]-[Advanced]-[Password] dialog box to enter,
change or delete the set-up password:
Enter the following parameters:
- Enter the current password: Only if the set-up is already password
protected, you will be asked to enter the current password.
- Enter the new password: enter a new password of maximum five
characters, or press <CR> if no password is required.
- Retype password: re-enter the identical password.
3.7.2 - Entering Set-Up
If the set-up is password protected, the following dialog box will be displayed
the next time access is attempted:
46 AX3000 - User's Manual
Interactive Set-Up
Three operations are permitted:
- enter the password to access the set-up
- press <Esc> or select the [CANCEL] button to exit set-up mode
- select the [CONSULTATION] button to access the set-up without using
the password. All set-up operations will be permitted but it will not be
possible to save the modifications in non-volatile memory.
IMPORTANT: if the password is not known, the super password 'yaka' can be
used. (Only from the local interactive set-up).
AX3000 - User's Manual 47
Using the AX3000
CHAPTER 4
---
USING THE AX3000
AX3000 - User's Manual 49
Using the AX3000
This chapter covers use of the AX3000.
4.1 - TURNING ON THE AX3000
When the AX3000 is turned-on, some connections may be opened
automatically:
- screen connections: if the 'auto-connection' parameter is set to 'yes',
- auxiliary port connections: if the associated service is tty, telnet or
prt5250 (and the 'auto-connection' parameter is set to 'yes').
If a terminal session is opened, the first of the AX3000 active sessions will be
displayed.
If no terminal session is active, an 'idle screen' is displayed. For example:
<Alt><F1> → session xxx
<Alt><F2> → session yyy
<Alt><F3> → ......
In the above example:
- The maximum number of sessions is 3.
- The user has to press <Alt><Fx> to open a session
- The strings xxx in session 1 and yyy in session 2 are either the session
label (if one has been defined in the set-up), or the associated host
name.
- Session 3 is 'host free'. Each time the user opens the session
(<Alt><F3>), a host name will be requested.
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4.2 - USING MULTIPLE SESSIONS
AXEL TCP/IP terminals provide multiple and concurrent connections. This
feature allows simultaneous access to multiple hosts and applications.
4.2.1 - Opening Sessions
To open sessions the following keystroke is used.:
Where <Fx> represents one of the <F1> to <F6> function keys
corresponding to the session number required.
Note: these keystrokes can be changed (see Chapter 3.6.2)
There are two possibilities when opening a session:
- if the session is associated with a server: a connection will be
automatically opened on this host.
- if the session is 'hostfree', a dialog box is displayed. The following
parameter are required:
- Connection Type: read only information.
- Host: press <Space> to select the host
- TCP Port: the default value is protocol dependent
4.2.2 - Switching Sessions
a) With the keyboard
The keystroke is the same than opening sessions: <Alt><Fx>
b) With the mouse
A mouse can be used to switch sessions under the following conditions:
- the status line is enabled (see Chapter 3.6.3)
- the mouse is supported by the current session
To switch the session, click the session label (located in the status line).
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Using the AX3000
4.2.3 - Disconnecting Sessions
A session can be disconnected by one of two ways:
- a system command
example: under Unix, exit (or <Ctrl><D>),
- <Ctrl><Alt><Shift><D>. This keystroke is locally processed by the
AX3000 and works regardless the operating system.
If the user closes the current session (<Ctrl><D> on UNIX) the behaviour of the
AX3000 depends on how the 'auto-reconnection' parameter is set for the
current session.
If this parameter is set to 'yes', a new connection is immediately and
automatically established within the current session.
If this parameter is set to 'no', the AX3000 displays the first of the remaining
active sessions. If there are no remaining active sessions (for example,
because the last active view has been disconnected), the 'idle screen' is
displayed.
4.3 - LOCKING THE SCREEN
For security reasons, it might be useful for the AX3000 operator to lock the
screen rather than logging out.
Note: the lock screen means the AX3000 screen is blanked but the current
sessions are still connected and active. There is no way to enter the AX3000
Set-Up or to switch the session. The only way to regain control is to enter the
proper password.
The lock screen feature is associated with the screen saver function and must
be enabled through the AX3000 Set-Up (see Chapter 3.2.1).
Two methods are available to lock a screen:
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- automatically: when the terminal is idle (keyboard or screen) for a
certain time, the AX300 blacks out the monitor display. The display is
automatically restored as soon as a key is pressed. A dialog box allowing
the screen to be unlocked after password is entered is displayed.
- manually: the <Ctrl><Alt><Shift><S> keystroke (or the <Ctrl><Alt><S>
with a 5250 keyboard) allows the screen to be locked immediately.
An unlock-screen dialog box is displayed. Two operations are possible:
- entering the password to unlock the screen. Two passwords can be
used: the screen saver password and the set-up password (see Chapter
3.7).
- resetting the AX3000. If the password is forgotten, the only way is
selecting the [Shutdown] button. After power-cycling it, the AX3000
administrator will be able to modify or remove the screen saver
password.
Note: For the highest level of security we recommend setting the terminals ‘SetUP’ password.(see Chapter 3.7).
4.4 - ADJUSTING THE TFT SCREEN
TFT screens offer an auto-adjust function. This function correctly sets up the
FTF screen for best viewing in character-based mode.
However when the background colour is black or if no characters are displayed
on the top and the bottom of the screen this feature may fail.
To solve this problem a hot-key function is available: <Ctrl><Alt><Shift><A>.
After pressing this keystroke a dedicated screen set-up is displayed which
allows the auto-adjust function to work properly.
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Using the AX3000
Notes:
- this hot-key function is only available from a character-based session and
if the "Screen Type" is set to "TFT Flat Screen" .
- The screen must be auto-adjusted for each screen format (80x25,
132x25...).
4.5 - TURNING OFF THE AX3000
A careful check should be made before turning off the TCP/IP AX3000 if TCP/IP
connections are active. The operating system cannot detect if a TCP/IP device
is turned-off, so the current TCP/IP connections remain active as far as the
server is concerned - resulting in various potential issues.
Under Unix it is advisable not to turn off the TCP/IP AX3000 when a login
prompt is displayed (something which is commonly done with serial UNIX
terminals). This is because a telnet connection has been opened and will then
become an orphan process. The following examples illustrate how the TCP/IP
AX3000 differs from a conventional dumb terminal:
- if the 'auto-reconnect' parameter if set to 'yes', a stable stage cannot be
reached on the AX3000. New telnet connections will repeatedly be
opened.
- Under OS/400, it is impossible to exit the login stage, because there is no
way to close the current telnet session.
To allow graceful shutdown, an AX3000 shutdown function is available. Use the
following keystroke combination:
A dialog box allows the next step to be selected:
- [SHUTDOWN] button
- [REBOOT] button
After selection, all active connections (screen and auxiliary port) are closed.
For the "Shutdown" choice, a few seconds later, the user is informed that the
54 AX3000 - User's Manual
Using the AX3000
AX3000 may be turned off.
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Using the AX3000
4.6 - AX3000 HOT-KEYS
The AX3000 hot-keys are listed in the following table. (These hot-keys are
locally processed by the AX3000. They are independent of emulation).
PC-Keyboard 5250-Keyboard Action
<Ctrl><Alt><Esc> <Rest><Alt><Esc> Enters the AX3000 Set-Up
<Alt><Fx> <Alt><Fx> Switches session (these hot-
key can be modified)
<Alt><+> <Alt><+> switches to next session
<Alt><-> <Alt><-> switches to previous session
<Ctrl><Alt><Shift><S> <Rest><Alt><S>
<Ctrl><Alt><Pause> <Rest><Alt><Pause> Sends a break code.
<Ctrl><Alt><Prt Scr> <Rest><Alt><Prt
Scr>
<Ctrl><Alt><Shift><D> <Rest><Alt><D>
<Ctrl><Alt><Shift><K> <Rest><Alt><K>
<Ctrl><Alt><Del> <Rest><Alt><Del>
<Ctrl><Alt><Shift><I>
<Ctrl><Alt><Shift><A> <Rest><Alt><A>
<Ctrl><Alt><Shift><C> <Rest><Alt><C>
Locks the screen.
Note: only for telnet protocol.
Performs a screen dump to
the default auxiliary port.
Closes the current session
Changes the keyboard type
(PC¥AS/400)
Shuts down the AX3000.
Information about the RDP,
ICA or VNC current session.
TFT auto-adjust screen
Opens the connection
statistics box (see Chapter
9.2)
Note: keystrokes written in bold can be disabled. See Chapter A.9.2, section i.
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CHAPTER 5
---
INSTALLING UNDER UNIX/LINUX
AX3000 - User's Manual 57
Installing under UNIX/LINUX
This chapter covers AX3000 installation under Unix/Linux.
5.1 - TEXT MODE SESSION (TCP/IP OR SERIAL MODE)
5.1.1 - Setting a Session
To set the profile of a session, enter the AX3000 Set-Up and select the
[Configuration]-[Terminal]-[Session X] menu (where X is the session number
to be configured). The following box is displayed:
These parameters are:
- Type: select 'Text Emulations'.
- Emulation: see Chapter 5.1.3
- Protocol: select 'telnet', 'tty', 'ssh' or 'aux1 or 'aux2'. See Chapter 5.1.2
- Host: press <Space> to select the host from the list
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- Connection Properties: pressing <Space> displays a dialog box which
allows certain connection parameters to be changed. (See Chapter
5.1.7.)
- General Parameters: pressing <Space> displays a dialog box which
allows certain emulation parameters to be changed. (See Chapter 5.1.4.)
- User-defined Keys: pressing <Space> displays a dialog box which
allows certain keys to be remapped. (See Chapter 5.1.4.)
- Overscan: the overscan colour
- Colouring mode: this function allows monochrome applications to be
displayed in colour. (See Chapter 5.1.5.)
- Palette: pressing <Space> displays a dialog box which lets colours to be
remapped.
Save and exit. The AX3000 is ready for use.
5.1.2 - Protocols: telnet, tty, ssh or aux1/aux2
Connecting a character based session can be done:
- either in TCP/IP mode via telnet, tty or ssh protocols
- or in serial mode (RS232) by using AUX1 or AUX2 ports.
a) The TELNET Protocol
The telnet server is a standard module of the Unix/Linux TCP/IP stack. The
AX3000 can immediately open a client telnet session, without any additional
software or alteration to the Unix/Linux settings.
Main characteristics of a telnet session:
- dynamic allocation of pseudo-terminals (ptty),
- System access is controlled by a 'login', which is generated by the telnetd
daemon,
- The value of the TERM environment variable is negotiated after the login
stage. (See Chapter 5.1.7 for default TERM values.)
b) The TTY Protocol
The tty server is a Axel proprietary protocol. Additional software is required (see
Chapter 5.4).
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Installing under UNIX/LINUX
Main characteristics of a tty session:
- pre-defined allocation of pseudo-terminals (ptty),
- UNIX access is controlled by a 'login', which is generated by the init
daemon (controlled by the /etc/inittab file).
The Unix/Linux host must run the AXEL tty server daemon (axttyd). The
configuration file axttyd must contain a list of AX3000 sessions and the pttys
associated with each.
Each session is identified by the name of the AX3000 (from the /etc/hosts file)
and a special keyword (sessx where x is the session number). For example:
axel1 sess1 /dev/ptyp12 /dev/ttyp12
axel1 sess2 /dev/ptyp13 /dev/ttyp13
axel2 sess2 /dev/ptyp2 /dev/ttyp2
A terminal session controlled by the tty server acts as a serial terminal attached
to a multi I/O board. The /etc/inittab file must therefore be modified to launch
the getty command for each pseudo-terminal.
Example for SCO Unix: get a login on /dev/ttyp12:
p12:23:enable:/etc/getty -t60 /dev/ttyp2 m
This modification will take effect after invoking the following command:
# init q <CR>
For more information about the Axel tty server, refer to Chapter 5.4.
c) The SSH Protocol
An SSH connection can be considered as an encrypted telnet connection. Main
characteristics are:
- dynamic allocation of pseudo-terminals (ptty),
- System access is controlled by a 'login', which is generated by the sshd
daemon (available with most versions of Unix/Linux),
- The value of the TERM environment variable is negotiated after the login
stage. (See Chapter 5.1.7 for default TERM values.)
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The Axel SSH client is compliant with OpenSSH 1.5.
To accept Axel SSH connections, the SSH server must first accept connections
from SSH V1 clients and support the password authentication mechanism.
These two functions are indicated in sshd_config file by:
Protocol 2,1
PasswordAuthentication yes
d) The AUX1 and AUX2 Serial Ports
The Axel terminal supports both TCP/IP and serial (RS232) connections.
To establish a serial connection, a session must be associated with the AUX1
or AUX2 protocol.
Note: two serial sessions are supported at the same time.
The selected auxiliary port is set-up through the [Configuration]-[Ports]-
[Auxiliary Port]-[AuxX] menu (see Chapter 3.5.1). The "Operating Mode"
should be set to "Serial Session". Adjust the rest of the parameters as required.
5.1.3 - Selecting the Emulation
The following table shows the recommended emulations for the various
operating systems:
Operating Systems Pre-defined Configuration
UNIX SCO 3.2v2 UNIX SCO 3.2.2
UNIX SCO 3.2v4 UNIX SCO 3.2.4
Open Server SCO SCO OPENSERVER
Xenix SCO XENIX SCO
IBM AIX 3.x ANSI RS6000
IBM AIX 4.x HFT
Unix Ware 7 UNIXWARE 7
LINUX LINUX
UNIX Interactive ANSI INTERACTIVE
SUN - Solaris 2.x ANSI SVR4
Others ANSI, VT220 or WYSE 60
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Note: selecting an emulation sets the value of the TERM environment variable
(see Chapter 5.1.7). This value can be modified later if necessary.
5.1.4 - Customising the Emulation
Various emulation parameters can be modified but generally the default values
are the most suitable. Two groups of parameters control emulation settings:
- General Parameters: emulation behaviour,
- User-defined Keys: associating character strings to keyboard keys.
a) Emulation General Parameters
Within the 'Session Profile' box, select 'General Parameters' and press
<Space>. The following box is displayed:
These parameters are:
- Character Set: the available character sets depend on which emulation
is selected.
- Columns: width of the screen (40, 80 or 132 columns).
- Rows: height of the screen (24, 35 or 43 lines).
- Vertical Scrolling: whether the AX3000 display scrolls, when the cursor
is moved down when at the bottom of the screen:
- yes: the display scrolls up
- no: the cursor re-appears on the first (top) line.
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- Wrap: behaviour of the AX3000 when the cursor reaches the last column
of the screen:
- yes: the next characters wrap round onto the start of the next line
- no: each new character overwrites the last character on the line.
- CR=CR+LF: AX3000 behaviour when 0x0Dh is received:
- yes: 0x0D is mapped to 0x0D and 0x0A
- no: no specific processing is done
- Cursor Shape: three aspects are available (line, half-block and block).
- Tabulations: a dialog box appears in which tab stops can be set.
- Attribute Mode: VGA monitor mode. The two value are "color" and
"monochrome" (which allows underline attribute to be displayed).
- Coding: two keyboard mode are available (ASCII and scancode).
- CAPS Key Mode : set the CAPS LOCK to behave in either of three ways:
- Caps Lock: each alphabetical key sends the corresponding upper
case letter. To unlock this mode press the <CAPS> key.
- Shift Lock: each key send the same character sent by pressing
<Shift><This key>. To unlock this mode press a <Shift> key.
- Uppercase: each key send the upper character if it is present.
Otherwise, this is the lower character (upper-case letter if possible)
which is sent. <Shift> key acts in the standard way (whatever the
CAPS key). To unlock this mode press the <CAPS> key.
- Caps Lock +: same as 'Shift Lock'. But in addition ALL the keys
supported (including <Esc>, function keys...).
- Composed Characters : this parameter (only available in ASCII mode)
sets the keyboard behaviour for diacritical characters (for example: ^ + e
= ê):
- no: no specific processing is done
- local: composite characters are locally processed by the AX3000
- remote: SCO specific mode (mapchan).
- Euro Coding: this parameter is only available if the current character set
is not PC858 or ISO8859-15 (These 2 character sets include the Euro
symbol). The three values are:
- no: no specific processing is done
- standard: the Euro symbol replaces the international currency
symbol '¤' within the current character set.
- custom: any character can be replaced by the Euro symbol within
the current character set (use the decimal notation to enter the
Euro ASCII code).
- <Scroll Lock> & <Pause>: enable or disable these two keys
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- End Sequence: to stop transparent printing mode
- Init String: this character string is sent when the session (telnet or tty) is
established.
- Answer Back: session identifier (10 character max.).
- Monitor Mode: the monitor mode is used to examine the data received
by the AX3000:
- no: monitor mode disabled.
- yes, hexadecimal value
- yes, symbol
- Remote Terminal Set-Up: enable or disable the use of escape
sequences to set terminal parameters from the host computer.
- Enhanced Screen Mode: enable or disable the display of double-size
characters or colour underline attribute.
- Blink Allowed: if blink attribute is disabled, 16 background colours can
be used (instead of the 8 normally available).
- Mouse Allowed: enable/disable the mouse within this session.
b) Programmable Keys
Note: the programmable key function is only available in keyboard ASCII mode.
Within the 'Session Profile' box, select 'User-Defined Keys' and press <Space>.
The following box is displayed:
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There are three groups of programmable keys:
- from F1 to F48: function keys used singly or with a modifier key. Example
for ANSI emulations:
F1 to F12: <Fx>
F13 to F24: <Shift><Fx>
F25 to F36: <Ctrl><Fx>
F37 to F48: <Ctrl><Shift><Fx>
- numeric pad with Number Lock off
- special keys: Esc, Backspace and the ‘dot’ of the numeric pad.
To enter a programmable key value select the key label then press <Space>.
The following dialog box is displayed:
The main field is used to enter the programmable key value. ASCII codes lower
than 20h can be entered as '\xx' (where xx is the hexadecimal value of the
ASCII code).
Note: for the 'Backspace' key and the numeric pad dot, a toggle is only
available (two possible values for each key).
Memory usage for programming keys is limited to:
- 32 bytes maximum for any single key,
- 255 bytes maximum for a whole session.
5.1.5 - Colouring Mode
A background colour, plus a foreground colour for each monochrome character
attribute or graphics character, may be set through the Colouring Mode. This
function allows monochrome applications to be displayed in colour.
The "Colouring Mode" parameter offers 2 values:
- standard: 6 colouring attributes
- enhanced: 16 colouring attributes
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To customise the colouring mode, select the "Colouring Mode Settings"
parameter and press <Space>. The dialog box depends on which colouring
mode is chosen.
a) Standard Colouring Mode
The dialog box for the standard colouring mode is:
The available colouring attributes are normal, reverse video, underline, semigraphics and blink (optional).
To set a colouring attribute, select and press <CR>. The following dialog box
appears:
Note: the blink and underline parameters are disabled in standard colouring
mode.
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b) Enhanced Colouring Mode
This mode enables background colour, foreground colour and the display of the
underline and blink to be set for all attributes.
Example: the multiple attribute Blink+Reverse can be displayed with red
foreground, green background, no blinking and underline enabled.
The dialog box for enhanced colouring mode is:
Colouring mode parameters:
- Blink allowed: if this parameter is set to 'no', 16 background colours are
available. Otherwise, only 8 background colours are allowed.
- Underline allowed: if this parameter (which requires enhanced screen
mode) is set to 'yes', the underline attribute can be displayed but only 8
foreground colours are available. Otherwise, there is no underline
attribute but 16 foreground colours.
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To set a colouring attribute, select and press <CR>. The following dialog box
appears:
Depending on the Blink allowed and Underline allowed parameters, 8 or 16
foreground and background colours are available and the Blink and Underline
parameters are either enabled or disabled.
5.1.6 - Underline Attribute Management
The reverse video attribute, the bold attribute and the blinking attribute are
supported by all VGA monitors. However, the underline attribute is only
supported by monochrome VGA monitors
.
If the underline attribute is essential with a colour VGA monitor, one of the
following three methods can be used, but note that each entails the loss of
some other display capability.
a) Using the Session as a Monochrome Session
Set the Attribute Mode parameter to monochrome (see Chapter 5.1.4).
b) Using the Colouring Mode
The AX3000 colouring mode is used to provide different foreground and
background colours for each monochrome attribute. So although no underline
appears on the screen, normal and underlined text can be distinguished by
different background colours.
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The benefit of this method is that the colouring mode is specific to a single
session. Sessions with different colours, or with the native colours of a software
package, can be run on the same AX3000.
For more information about colouring mode, see Chapter 5.1.5.
c) Using Underline Attribute in Colour Mode
An AX3000 set-up parameter allows the underline attribute to be displayed in
colour mode, but this disables the bold attribute.
This is a good way to display underlining if the bold attribute is not used by the
software in question.
Enter the AX3000 set-up and set for the required session the 'Enhanced
Screen Mode' parameter to 'Yes'. See Chapter 5.1.4.
5.1.7 - Connection Properties
Within the 'Session Profile' box, select 'Connection Properties' and press
<Space>. The following box is displayed:
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These parameters are:
- TERM Value (telnet and ssh protocols). The value of this environment
variable is 'negotiated', between the host and the AX3000. The following
table shows the default values according to the emulations:
Emulation TERM Emulation TERM
ANSI ansi XENIX SCO ansi
SCO OPENSERVER ansi ANSI DATA GENERAL ansi
UNIX SVR4 AT386 ANSI INTERACTIVE AT386
ANSI RS6000 hft-c-old ATO300 vt220
UNIXWARE 7 AT386-ie PRISM prism
LINUX linux REAL/32 ---
VT100/VT220 vt220 THEOS CLASS185
VT52 Vt52 OS2 POLYMOD2 CLASS185
WYSE 60 wyse 60 SM94xx in9400-uv
ADDS VP-A2 Enhanced viewpoint TWIN SERVER twin server
ADDS VP-60 viewpoint60 PROLOGUE 3 prl3
3151 ibm3151 TVI 950 tvi950
ANSI DOS ansi QVT119+ qvt119+
UNIX SCO 3.2.2 ansi C332 C332
UNIX SCO 3.2.4 ansi
- Auto-Connection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', the connection will be
automatically established when the AX3000 is powered. Otherwise, the
user can press <Alt><Fx> to establish the connection.
- Auto-Reconnection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', a new connection is
automatically established after a disconnection. Otherwise, the user can
press <Alt><Fx> to establish a new connection.
- Session Label: this character string (10 characters max.) is used to
identify the session on the AX3000 TCP/IP status line or when no session
is connected (see Chapter 4.1 - 'idle screen' explanation).
- Login Script: a "login script" can be set to automatically enter user
names and passwords at the login prompt. See Chapter 5.1.8.
- Enhanced parameters: see Appendix A.9.3.
5.1.8 - Login Script
The "login script" can be set to automatically enter user names and passwords
at the login prompt.
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a) Enabling a Login Script
To associate a login script with a session, within the 'Session Profile' /
‘Connection Properties’ box, select the "Login Script" parameter.
The login script is a character string with the following characteristics:
- Maximum 60 characters.
- The string is composed of tokens. The NULL character (encoded by \00)
is used as a token-separator. A string must contain an even number of
tokens.
- Any character except a NULL can compose a token.
- A string can contain as many tokens as needed.
- Odd tokens are characters expected by the AX3000.
- Even tokens are characters sent by the AX3000 after the expected token
has been received.
A login script looks like:
aaaaaa\00bbbbbb\00cccccc\00ddddddd
b) Example
With the following script:
login:\00root\0D\00password:\00mypwd\0D
When the session is opened (<Alt><Fx>), the AX3000 acts as:
- Waiting for "login:".
- After "login:" has been received, the AX3000 sends "root"+<CR>.
Note: as for the programmable keys, ASCII codes lower than 20h can be
entered as '\xx' (where xx is the hexadecimal value of the ASCII code.
Examples: Escape is \1B and <CR> is \0D.
- Waiting for "password:".
- After "password:" has been received, the AX3000 sends "mypwd"+<CR>.
Note: whilst a login script is running, the AX3000 keyboard is locked. In the
event of a problem (wrong expected token), press <Esc> to skip the login script
and to unlock the keyboard.
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5.1.9 - The Multi-Shell
The AXEL multi-shell software allows multiple telnet sessions on the same host
with the same user name
,
, without demanding multiple logons. This is done by
running the AXEL tcpmsh program from a UNIX shell. This supports up to eight
duplicated sessions.
Operating example: you could run four multi-shell sessions (or «views»)
across each of two telnet connections to different hosts. Function keystroke
combinations could be used to hot-key between the different telnet connections
(<Alt><Fx>) and different multi-shell views (<Ctrl><Fx>).
a) Installation
Copy to /usr/bin and rename as ‘tcpmsh’ the appropriate binary. Example for
IBM AIX:
# cp tcpmsh.AIX /usr/bin/tcpmsh <CR>
b) Setting-Up the AX3000
Use of multiple views within a single telnet session must be set through the
AX3000 set-up.
The AX3000 supports eight virtual screens, which may be shared, between
telnet sessions and multi-shell views. In the AX3000 set-up, multi-shell views
are referred to as «pages per session» or «page/session»).
The AX3000 default factory set-up is 8 telnet sessions and 1 page/session.
To change this configuration, enter AX3000 Set-Up (<Ctrl><Alt><Esc>) and
select the [Terminal]-[Multi-session] dialog. Tune the two parameters number
of sessions and number of Pages/Session.
c) Using the Multi-Shell
To run tcpmsh, the syntax is:
$ tcpmsh [-options] <CR>
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The main tcpmsh options are:
- b: selecting generic names of pseudo-terminals:
- b 0 (default): using ttypx (x is any decimal value from 0 to 63),
- b 1: using ttypx (x is any hexadecimal value from 0 to 3Fhex),
- b 2: using ttypx, ttyqx, ttyrx and ttysx (x is any hexadecimal value
from 0 to F).
- c: a different overscan colour is associated with each view
- f file: initial commands. This command file has a maximum of eight lines.
Each line lists the command associated with one view. If a view does not
have an initial command, its associated line must start with a dash
character (2Dhex character)
- h: online help
- L label: each view is associated with the character string 'label/n' (is n is
the view number. This label is displayed on the TCP/IP status line.
- l: the line 25 acts as a status line which specifies the active session and
the number of declared views.
- m: silent mode
- n nbr: maximum number of view (default 2).
- p file: fixed set of ttyp. This file has a maximum of eight lines. Each line
lists the ttyp slave part associated with one view.
- S str: str is the required shell (sh, ksh, etc).
- x nbr: nbr is the size of each circular buffer associated with one view.
When the AXEL multi-shell program is run, help messages are displayed
(tcpmsh version, maximum number of views, etc)
The program creates only the first view (view 1). A pseudo-terminal is
automatically associated with this view.
This view is a copy, of the shell within which the tcpmsh program was run, and
the .profile script is executed for this view.
To create a new view or to move to an existing view, use the following
keystroke combinations:
- <Ctrl><F1>: view 1
- ... ...
- <Ctrl><F8>: view 8
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If a view does not already exist, the tcpmsh program allocates a pseudoterminal, launches the view and runs .profile.
To delete a view, move to it (<Ctrl><Fx>) and exit the shell (by typing exit or
pressing <Ctrl><D>). The tcpmsh software releases the associated pseudoterminal and moves to the first view.
If the deleted view was the only active view, the program terminates.
5.2 - GRAPHICAL MODE SESSION (VNC)
The VNC protocol enables a remote graphical display on the Axel-VNCviewer.
The image is constructed, maintained and updated within the Unix server’s
frame buffer, and transmitted across the TCP/IP network.
Note: this protocol is public and the associated software is free. For more
information please see http://www.realvnc.com/
The following is a quick description of the VNC installation procedure. For more
information please read AX3000 TCP/IP - Installing and Using the Axel-
VNCviewer.
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5.2.1 - Setting-Up a VNC Session
To set-up a VNC session, select [Configuration]-[Terminal]-[Session X]
(where X is the session number). The following dialog box is displayed:
Set the following parameters:
- Type: select 'VNC'
- Host: the hostname on which the Xvnc daemon is run
- TCP Port: numeric value associated with the display (see Chapter 5.2.2).
- Connection Properties: pressing <Space> displays a dialog box which
lets certain connection parameters be changed. See sub-section a.
- Resolution: Press <Space> to change the resolution. the resolutions
available and VGA frequencies are selected through a list:
800x600 60Hz
800x600 72Hz
800x600 75Hz
800x600 85Hz
1024x768 60Hz
1024x768 70Hz
1024x768 75Hz
1024x768 85Hz
1280x1024 60Hz
1280x1024 75Hz
- Bits per pixel: press <space> to select the number of colours (8 Bpp =
256 colours or 16 Bpp = 65536 colours).
- Additional Parameters: pressing <Space> displays a dialog box which
lets certain VNC parameters be changed. See sub-section b.
Note: after exiting set-up, we advise power-cycling the AX3000
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a) Connection Properties
Within the 'Session Profile' box, select 'Connection Properties' and press
<Space>. The following box is displayed:
These parameters are:
- Auto-Connection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', the connection will be
automatically established when the AX3000 is powered. Otherwise, the
user can press <Alt><Fx> to establish the connection.
- Auto-Reconnection: if this parameter is set to 'yes', a new connection is
automatically established after a disconnection. Otherwise, the user can
press <Alt><Fx> to establish a new connection.
- Session Label: this character string (10 characters max.) is used to
identify the session on the AX3000 TCP/IP status line or when no session
is connected (see Chapter 4.1 - 'idle screen' explanation).
- Enhanced parameters: see Appendix A.9.3.
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b) Additional Parameters
Within the 'Session Profile' box, select 'Addition Parameters' and press
<Space>. The following box is displayed:
These parameters are:
- Preferred Encoding: the 'encoding' is the data format used by the VNC
server to send graphical data to the terminal. Supported encodings are:
- Hextile: original encoding supported by all VNC server versions.
- ZRLE: newer and higher performing encoding but is only
supported by VNC server V4.
Note: with ZRLE graphical data is compressed. Axel do not yet
support decompression so this feature must be disabled at the
VNC server level. This can be done with the most recent Axel VNC
configurater (AXvnc V1.3-3 or later).
- Shared Session and Keyboard and Mouse Ignored: these parameters
allow several VNC terminals to share the same graphical display (i.e. the
same server frame buffer).
- <Ctrl><Alt><Del>: there are two modes for this keystroke:
- local: the keystroke is handled by the AX3000 and is used to
shutdown the terminal (see Chapter 4.5)
- remote: the keystroke is handled by the VNC server.
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- CAPS Key Mode : set the CAPS LOCK to behave in either of three ways:
- Caps Lock: each alphabetical key sends the corresponding upper
case letter. To unlock this mode press the <CAPS> key.
- Shift Lock: each key send the same character sent by pressing
<Shift><This key>. To unlock this mode press a <Shift> key.
- Uppercase: each key send the upper character if it is present.
Otherwise, this is the lower character (upper-case letter if possible)
which is sent. <Shift> key acts in the standard way (whatever the
CAPS key). To unlock this mode press the <CAPS> key.
- Caps Lock +: same as 'Shift Lock'. But in addition ALL the keys
supported (including <Esc>, function keys...).
- Numpad Mode: this parameter sets the type of keyboard event sent
when pressing a key of the numpad:
- Standard: keyboard events are thus defined by the RFB protocol.
- Ascii: keyboard events are the same than the top row keys (above
QWERTY). With this mode an application can't distinguish is the
pressed key belong or not to the numpad. This mode may be
required for some JAVE-based applications.
- . (numpad): the two available values are the dot (.) and the comma (,).
- <Scroll Lock> & <Pause>: enable or disable these two keys
- <Alt Gr> Mode: this parameter sets the type of keyboard event sent
when pressing <Alt Gr> (located at the right of the space bar:
- standard: the keyboard event is AltGr.
- Ctrl+Alt: the keyboard events are <Ctrl> and <Alt> (left of the
space bar).
- Local Mouse Cursor: if 'no', the mouse cursor is fully handled by the
VNC server. If 'yes', the behaviour depends on the VNC server version:
- Xvnc V3: as above the mouse cursor is handled by Xvnc. In
addition the local mouse cursor location is indicated by a little
square pointer (2x2 pixels). This can be useful when the local
mouse cursor location is different from the VNC cursor location (for
example when the Unix/Linux box or the network are overloaded).
- Xvnc V4: the mouse cursor is handled by the AX3000. With a lowbandwidth, this allows the mouse cursor to be more reactive.
- Emulate a 3-button Mouse: if 'yes', the mouse middle button is
emulated by clicking both left and right buttons.
- Mouse Accelerator: if 'yes', the AX3000 speeds up the mouse cursor.
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- Mouse Sensitivity: This setting varies the sample rate of the mouse. If
the sensitivity is increased the mouse movement will be more fluid, but
also network activity is increased.
5.2.2 - Configuring VNC on the Unix/Linux Server
Warning: it is assumed that the X11 environment is already installed (utilities,
directories and files) on the Unix/Linux server. (i.e. there is a graphical login
enabled at the console.)
Mount the Axel CD-ROM and copy the following files onto the hard disk:
- axvnc (VNC configuration utility, on CD supplied, under /bin). Copy
axvnc to /etc. Set execute permission by invoking chmod +x axvnc.
- Xvnc (VNC server, on CD supplied, under /bin). Copy and rename as
‘Xvnc’ the appropriate binary (Xvnc.SCO, Xvnc.LINUX, Xvnc.UW7,
Xvnc.AIX) to a local directory (i.e. /usr/local/bin). Set execute permission
by invoking chmod +x Xvnc.
The axvnc configuration utility can be used to easily set up the Unix/Linux
server. This script has been certified for Linux, SCO OpenServer, Open Unix 8,
UnixWare 7, Sun OS and HP-UX environments.
Note: for more information (i.e. for manual VNC configuration) please read
Installing and Using the Axel-VNCviewer.
The axvnc utility must be run from the graphical Unix/Linux console by invoking
/etc/axvnc.
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The first operation performed by axvnc is to check the system has the
necessary components for correct VNC operation:
AXEL VNC UTILITY (V1.2-0)
-------------------------
Checking system configuration:
- Operating System:
--> Linux (runlevel 5)
- VNC server (Xvnc):
--> OK
- Misc Utilities:
--> OK
- X11 font:
--> unix/:-1
Press <CR>
Note: if the default font paths given by the O.S are not needed, use the '-nofp'
option when axvnc is run.
The second screen gives two options:
- Login - the user is presented with a standard Unix/Linux graphical login
followed by a standard desktop.
- Any - the terminal automatically launches a script which launches an
application. (For example ‘rdesktop’, or ‘netscape’ can be run without an
underlying display manager reducing memory and CPU requirements).
AXEL VNC UTILITY (V1.2-0)
-------------------------
This utility allows you to set-up Unix/Linux to run automatically at boot time
Xvnc servers. For each display, a different resolution and a different
number of colors can be chosen.
An Xvnc daemon can be used:
- either to get a graphical login and to access a desktop (KDE, GNOME, etc.)
- or to run automatically an X software (netscape, rdesktop, etc.)
Select the method (<L>ogin or <A>ny software):
a) VNC Terminals with Login
This method offers a standard Linux/Unix "login box" on the VNC terminal. This
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logon (username + password) allows the AX3000 user to be identified and
given their respective desktop
The procedure to set up a login session can vary on the display manager used.
(See below)
Display Manager KDE 2.2
For KDE 2.2, VNC terminals can be declared either through /etc/inittab or the
environment (x)inetd.
There are two main differences:
- inittab gives each terminal its own unique TCP port (5901, 5902, etc.).
- (x)inetd requires only one TCP port for each type of terminal (example:
5950 for all 800x600 and 256-colour terminals).
This chapter deals only with the (x)inetd method. For more information about
the inittab method, consult the Section 'Other Display Managers'.
After selecting the (x)inetd method, a similar screen is displayed:
(x)inetd and /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc will be modified.
Please confirm: Y
*** Checking INET environment (/etc/services and /etc/xinetd.d/vnc)
800x600 - 8 bpp (port 5950): OK
800x600 - 16 bpp (port 5951): OK
1024x768 - 8 bpp (port 5952): OK
1024x768 - 16 bpp (port 5953): OK
1280x1024 - 8 bpp (port 5954): OK
1280x1024 - 16 bpp (port 5955): OK
*** Checking XDMCP (/usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc)
xdmcp has been already enabled !
The four 5950, 5951, 5952, 5953, 5954 and 5955 TCP ports have been set to
handle VNC connections.
Other Display Managers
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The following screen allows the removal/addition of a VNC terminal with Login:
MANAGING GRAPHICAL DISPLAY FILE
Contents of /etc/inittab:
:1 Xvnc 800x600 - 8 bpp :16 free :31 free
:2 Xvnc 1024x768- 8 bpp :17 free :32 free
:3 busy :18 free :33 free
:4 free :19 free :34 free
:5 free :20 free :35 free
:6 free :21 free :36 free
:7 free :22 free :37 free
:8 free :23 free :38 free
:9 free :24 free :39 free
:10 free :25 free :40 free
:11 free :26 free :41 free
:12 free :27 free :42 free
:13 free :28 free :43 free
:14 free :29 free :44 free
:15 free :30 free :45 free
<A>dd a display / <D>elete a display / <M>odify a display settings / <Q>uit
Enter your choice (A, D, M or Q):
A VNC terminal with Login is defined by:
- its display number: this is the VNC session TCP port (1=5901, 2=5902...),
- its resolution:800x600, 1024x768 or 1280x1024,
- its number of supported colour bits: 8 bits/pixel (256 colours) or 16
bits/pixel (65535 colours).
Notes:
- Depending on the operating system, the Xvnc daemon will be launched
either from the Xservers file or /etc/inittab.
- If the entry of a display is described as 'busy' it means a VNC terminal
WITHOUT login is assigned to that port.
b) VNC Terminal without Login
The terminal can be configured to run a dedicated application. (i.e. an
inter/intranet terminal running only Netscape, or a Windows terminal
automatically running an RDP client. In this case it is not necessary to run the X
display manager and login.)
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The following screen allows the addition or removal of a VNC terminal without
Login (the application is automatically run):
MANAGING GRAPHICAL DISPLAY FILE
Contents of /etc/inittab:
:1 busy :16 free
:2 busy :17 free
:3 (800x600 - 8) /usr/local/bin/a... :18 free
:4 free :19 free
:5 free :20 free
:6 free :21 free
:7 free :22 free
:8 free :23 free
:9 free :24 free
:10 free :25 free
:11 free :26 free
:12 free :27 free
:13 free :28 free
:14 free :29 free
:15 free :30 free
<A>dd a display / <D>elete a display / <M>odify a display settings / <Q>uit
Enter your choice (A, D, M or Q):
A VNC terminal without Login is defined by:
- its display number: this is the VNC session TCP port (1=5901, 2=5902...),
- its resolution:800x600, 1024x768 or 1280x1024,
- its number of supported colour bits: 8 bits/pixel (256 colours) or 16
bits/pixel (65535 colours, only on models 75/75E).
- the dedicated application (absolute pathname and parameters).
Notes:
- The Xvnc server and application are run by the RunScriptVNC script
which is automatically created by axvnc. The RunScriptVNC scripts are
launched through /etc/inittab.
- If an entry in the display table is 'busy', it means the VNC terminal WITH
login is assigned to this port.
5.3 - CONTROLLING PRINTERS
Auxiliary ports (2 serial and 1 parallel) and logical ports (USB and TCP) are
provided by the AX3000. These ports are independently controlled so multiple
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printers can be attached to the AX3000.
A printer is generally controlled by a network service:
- tty protocol: this is an Axel proprietary protocol. A printer controlled by
the tty protocol is seen as a local printer.
- LPD protocol: this service (RFCs 1048 and related) is provided as a
standard feature by major operating systems (Unix/Linux, Windows, etc.).
The main benefit of this protocol is an LPD printer can be shared by
different operating systems.
- rsh command: this command allows the contents of a file to be
redirected over the network.
In addition, a printer can also be controlled in "transparent mode" (by embedded
escape sequences, like a printer attached to a serial terminal).
The following covers the tty protocol, the rsh command and the transparent
mode. For more information about LPD printers, refer to Appendix A.3.
5.3.1 - The tty Protocol
The tty server is a Axel proprietary protocol. An additional piece of software is
needed (see Chapter 5.4).
The Unix/Linux host must run the AXEL tty server daemon (axttyd). The
configuration file axttyd must contain a list of AX3000 auxiliary ports and the
pttys associated with each.
Each auxiliary port using the tty protocol (see Chapter 3.5.4) is identified by the
name of the AX3000 (from the /etc/hosts file) and a special keyword. For
example:
axel1 aux1 /dev/ptyp12 /dev/ttyp12
axel1 aux2 /dev/ptyp13 /dev/ttyp13
axel2 parallel /dev/ptyp2 /dev/ttyp2
An auxiliary port controlled by the tty server is seen as a Unix/Linux local port
(like a multi I/O board).
Data can be sent to an auxiliary port by:
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- either a redirection to the ttyp (example: "cat file > /dev/ttyp12")
- or declaring a local printer attached to the ttyp (/dev/ttyp12). This printer
is used through the lp command.
5.3.2 - The LPD Protocol
Set the auxiliary port as shown in Chapter 3.5.2.
Use the appropriate UNIX system management tool to add a remote printer. At
least, two parameters are requested:
- the name of the remote host: enter the AX3000's hostname (refer to
/etc/hosts),
- the name of the printer: this is the Printer Port Name entered when the
AX3000 was set up.
Run the lp command to use this printer.
Note: some options of the lp command (number of copies, banner, etc) cannot
be used, because the AX3000 is not a UNIX server and has no hard disk on
which to run a spooler.
a) Using lpd under IBM AIX V3.x
Enter the SMIT fast path smit mkrque. Four parameters are required:
- Name of Queue to Add:
⇒ name of the printer accessed by the lp command
- Destination Host for Remote Jobs:
⇒ hostname of the AX3000 (refer to /etc/hosts)
- Name of Queue on Remote Printer:
⇒ 'Printer Port Name' associated with the AX3000's port
- Name of Device to Add:
⇒ device name of printer on AIX
b) Using lpd under IBM AIX V4.x
Enter the SMIT fast path smit spooler then select 'Add a Print Queue' and
'Remote'.
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Printers can be added using either of two methods:
- Standard Processing: AIX sends a raw file to the AX3000. Three
parameters are required:
- Name of Queue to Add: name of the printer accessed by the lp
command
- Destination Host for Remote Jobs: hostname of the AX3000
(refer to /etc/hosts)
- Name of Queue on Remote Printer: this is the 'Printer Port
Name' associated with the AX3000's port
- Local Filter: AIX passes the file to the printer through a formatting filter.
The first parameter required is the type of printer. Select this from the list
of supported printers. Three parameters are required:
- Name of Queue to Add: name of the printer accessed by the lp
command
- Destination Host for Remote Jobs: hostname of the AX3000
(refer to /etc/hosts)
- Name of Queue on Remote Printer: this is the 'Printer Port
Name' associated with the AX3000's port
Note: Use of the Local Filter method is strongly recommended.
c) Using lpd under SCO UNIX
Run scoadmin and select [Printer]-[Printer Manager]. Then select [Printer][Add Remote...]-[UNIX]. A dialog box is displayed. Two parameters are
required:
- Host: hostname of the AX3000 (refer to /etc/hosts)
- Printer: this is the 'Printer Port Name' associated with the AX3000's port
Note: an AX3000 filter may be needed.
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5.3.3 - The rsh Command
The rsh command (or rcmd on SCO OpenServer) can be used to print a file.
The rsh parameters are:
- the hostname or the IP address of the device,
- a keyword which is the AX3000 auxiliary port name. This name has been
set through the AX3000 Set-Up (see Chapter 3.5.6).
To print a file, the rsh command reads data from 'standard input' (stdin) and
sends this data to one of the AX3000’s auxiliary ports. For example:
$ rsh axname parallel < file <CR>
In this example, axname is the name of the AX3000 (refer to /etc/hosts file)
and parallel is the Printer Port Name of the AX3000 auxiliary port.
5.3.4 - Using Transparent Mode
One of the auxiliary or logical ports should be selected as the default printer
port which will be controlled by escape sequences.
Select the [Configuration]-[Terminal]-[General] dialog and set the 'default
printer port'.
This default port can only be used if no network service (lpd, tty, etc) is currently
using it.
Note: the default printer port is also used to perform local printing of the screen
using the <Prt Scr> key.
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5.4 - THE AXEL TTY SERVER
5.4.1 - Overview
The TTY server emulates a multi i/o board connection over a TCP/IP
connection. For example using this service a remote printer attached to an Axel
terminal is accessed by Unix as a local printer via /dev/ttyp4, which may be
preferable over using LPD in certain circumstances. Similarly the Axel terminal
can be accessed via a predetermined and fixed /dev/ttyp, which in certain cases
may be preferable over using telnet.
The AXEL tty server is a UNIX daemon (axttyd). The axttyd daemon must be
used with the AX3000 tty or rtty network service.
The AXEL tty server creates a ‘pipe’ between pseudo devices on the UNIX host
(/dev/ttypx) and AX3000 resources (sessions and/or auxiliary ports). This ‘pipe’
lets Unix treat the Axel sessions and auxiliary ports as local resources.
Note about pseudo-terminals: a pseudo-terminal is composed of two parts: a
master file and a slave file. UNIX supports two possible styles for naming pttys:
- one master and x slaves
and the slave filenames are /dev/pts/xxx (where xxx is a number).
- x masters and x slaves
/dev/ptypxxx and the slave filenames are /dev/ttypxxx (where xxx is the
same number for master and slave).
(AT&T style): the master filename is /dev/ptmx
(Berkeley style): the master filename is
88 AX3000 - User's Manual
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