Launched in the early eighties by the four founder countries (Canada, France,
Russia, USA), the COSPAS-SARSAT system provides satellite aid to search
and rescue (SAR) operations for maritime, aeronautical and terrestrial vehicles
anywhere in the world.
It uses distress beacons fitted on mobiles and a constellation of LEO and GEO
satellites which relay the 121.5 / 243 MHz signals and process the 406 MHz
signal to ground stations (LUT) where the beacon positions are determined
(with a precision of 10 NM with 121.5 / 243 signals and less than 2 NM with 406
signals).
Several types of beacons are designed to match the various applications of the
COSPAS-SARSAT system:
• EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) for maritime
applications.
• ELT (Emergency Locator Transmitter) for aeronautical applications.
• PLB (Personal Locator Beacon) for land expeditions.
The major improvement is the use of the COSPAS-SARSAT system for
processing aeronautical emergencies.
The difference with the 121.5 / 243 MHz is that the 406 MHz transmission
carries digital data which enable the identification of the aircraft in distress and
facilitate SAR operation (type of the aircraft, number of passengers, type of
emergency).
The 406 MHz message is transmitted to the COSPAS-SARSAT satellites. This
message is downloaded to one of the 64 ground stations (44 LEOLUTs and 20
GEOLUTS).
The aircraft is located by Doppler effect by the LEO satellites with a precision
better than 2 NM (4 km) at any point of the earth.
C. Environmental improvements of ELTs
The certification of an ELT includes a range of severe mechanical tests:
• resistance to flame;
• impact and crush tests;
• resistance to 100 G and 500 G shocks;
• watertightness;
• antideflagration;
• extreme temperatures (-20°C to 55°C for more than 48 hours).
D. G-Switch (shock detectors)
The shock detectors equipping old automatic ELTs are the cause of a large
number of false alarms. Major work has consisted in studying aircraft crashes
(study made by the “Crash Research Institute”) and evaluating the acceleration
amplitudes involved. As a consequence, G-Switch specifications have been
modified to optimize the accuracy of the crash detection.
Coaxial cable
Max cable loss = 1 dB
(i.e 2 mtrs with RG 58)
System without optional CS144
7
7
KANNAD 406 AP-H
2. KANNAD 406 AP-H Presentation
The KANNAD 406 AP-H belongs to the AP type of ELTs which are intended to
be rigdly attached to the aircraft before the crash, but readily removable from
the aircraft after a crash.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H is designed to be installed on helicopters only
.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H is composed of:
1.a transmitter;
2.a mounting bracket;
3.a remote control panel (mandatory if ELT controls are not available from
the pilot’s position, refer to RTCA/DO-183, RTCA/DO-204, EUROCAE
ED-62);
4.an outside antenna;
5.a “Programming Dongle” for pin-programming function (option);
6.CS144 Interface Module (option);
7.an auxiliary antenna (for use as a survival beacon).
The transmitter, bracket, Programming Dongle and CS144 Interface Module
are installed in the aircraft near the tail. The outside antenna is mounted on the
fuselage near the tail. The remote control panel is installed in the cockpit and
connected to the ELT with a 4 or 5 wire bundle.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H is an ELT designed to be installed on board
helicopters to transmit a distress signal on 3 frequencies:
• 406 MHz (COSPAS-SARSAT frequency) for precise pinpointing and
identification of the aircraft in distress.
• 121.5 and 243 MHz used for homing in the final stages of the rescue
operations.
It is certified as an Automatic Portable (AP) ELT and works with a three
frequency outside antenna when installed on board the aircraft or with a small
whip antenna (auxiliary antenna) when used as a survival ELT.
B. Bracket
The bracket installed near the tail is designed to fix the ELT with a Velcro®
strap. This enables quick removal of the ELT for maintenance or exchange.
C. Remote Control Panel
A remote control panel can be supplied for installation in the cockpit in order to
enable the pilot to monitor and control the ELT status.
The following controls are to be found on the panel:
• 3-position switch (ON, ARMED, RESET&TEST);
• red or amber visual indicator;
• beeper (on certain versions).
The remote control panel is connected to the ELT via a 4 or 5-wire cable
equipped with a “Programming Dongle” or a DIN 12 connector on the ELT side
and the connector corresponding to the Remote Control Panel version on the
other side.
D. External antenna
The external antenna, also installed near the tail, can be either rod or blade type
according to aircraft speed.
Connection to the ELT will be carried out with a 50 Ohm coaxial cable (RG58
for example) ended with a BNC connector.
IMPORTANT: Orolia S.A.S. recommends a cable with radio electric
properties similar or better to those of a RG58 cable.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H can be activated either automatically when the crash
occurs (thanks to a shock sensor) or manually (thanks to a switch on the
transmitter itself or on a Remote Control Panel).
The KANNAD 406 AP-H is designed to transmit on three frequencies (121.5,
243 and 406 MHz). The two basic emergency frequencies (121.5 and 243
MHz) are mainly used for homing in the final stages of the rescue operations.
The 406 MHz frequency is used by the COSPAS-SARSAT satellites for precise
pinpointing and identification of the aircraft in distress.
Once activated, the transmitter operates continuously on 121.5 and 243.0 MHz
with an output power of 100 mW on each frequency. The modulation is an audio
frequency sweeping downwards from 1420 Hz to 490 Hz with a repetition rate
of 3 Hz.
During the first 24 hours of operation, a digital message is transmitted on
406.025 MHz every 50 seconds. The output power on 406 MHz is 5 W.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H can transmit two types of messages on 406 MHz:
• 112 bits for a short message (identification only);
• 144 bits for a long message (identification + aircraft position).
The long messages are generated by a separate interface module (called
CS144) connected to the ELT and either NAV equipment of the aircraft by
RS232, RS422 or RS485 link or to an ARINC429 bus.
CAUTION: WHEN OPERATING THE ARM/OFF/ON SWITCH, PULL LEVER
TO UNLOCK AND SET TO POSITION.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H has 4 different modes:
•Off.
• Self-test (temporary mode).
• Armed (standby mode to enable automatic activation by the shock sensor
or by the remote control panel).
• On (transmission).
Transmission is effective if the beacon is activated (either manually on the ELT
control panel, remotely by the “ON” switch on the remote control panel or
automatically by the shock sensor).
A. Off
The ELT is off when the switch is in position “OFF”. No part of the ELT is
energized. This mode must only
be selected when the ELT is removed from
the aircraft or parked for a long period or for maintenance.
B. Self-Test
The self-test mode is a temporary mode (max duration 5 sec) in which the ELT
checks the main characteristics of the transmitter (Battery voltage,
Programming) and enables digital communication with a programming and test
equipment.
This mode is selected:
• when switching from “OFF” to “ARM”;
• when switching to “RESET / TEST” on the Remote Control Panel
(provided that the switch of the ELT is in the “ARM” position);
• when switching to “ON” prior to transmission.
The buzzer operates during the self-test procedure.
After about 3 seconds, the test result is displayed on the visual indicator as
follows:
• One long flash indicates valid test.
• A series of short flashes indicates false test result.
The number of flashes indicates the type of failure:
It is recommended to test the ELT regularly in order to detect any possible
failure (Refer to A. Periodicity, page 301)
The number of self-tests carried out is recorded. This information is available
when the ELT is connected to a programming and test equipment (PR600).
C. Armed
In order to enable activation by the G-Switch or with the Remote Control Panel,
the ELT must be in standby mode with the switch in the “ARM” position
This mode is mandatory during flight.
The ELT should remain in the “ARM”
position all the time except when the ELT is removed from the aircraft or parked
for a long period or for maintenance.
The Remote Control Panel is energized by the ELT when switched to “ARM”.
D. On
This mode is selected:
• manually by switching to position “ON”;
• by switching the Remote Control Panel switch to position “ON” (provided
that the ELT switch is in the “ARM” position);
• when a crash occurs (provided that the ELT switch is in the “ARM”
position).
When this mode is selected, the ELT starts transmission:
• on 121.5 MHz & 243 MHz immediately (continuous transmission);
• on 406 MHz after 50 seconds (406 burst every 50 sec during 24 hours).
The red visual indicator on the ELT (and on the remote control panel if installed)
flashes and the buzzer operates.
In case of accidental activation, the ELT can be reset either by switching it to
“OFF” or by switching to “RESET” on the Remote Control Panel.
The number of 406 MHz bursts effectively transmitted is recorded. This
information is available when the ELT is connected to a programming and test
equipment (PR600).
The energy is provided by a battery pack composed of 3 LiMnO
D cells (See
2
pages 107 & 602 for Kit battery reference).
Lithium cells, lithium batteries and equipment containing such
batteries are subjected to regulations and classified under class 9 as
from 1st of January 2003.
The endurance of the 121.5/243 transmission is close to 100 hours at -20°C
with new batteries.
In the worse conditions possible, a distress is pinpointed 5.5 hours maximum
after the ELT activation and the position is subsequently updated (if necessary)
every 2 hours.
As it is therefore preferable to keep the battery power for 121.5/243 MHz
homing frequency transmission for the rescue operations, the 406 MHz
transmission is deliberately stopped after 24 hours to extend the 121.5/243
transmission for as long as possible.
The transmitter battery expiry date is fixed at 7 years from date of cell
manufacturing (CDOM). If no activation of the ELT occurs during the battery
lifetime, it shall be replaced before or at battery expiry date
(see note below)
.
NOTE: The expiry date takes into account FAR 91-207 (i.e. batteries to be
replaced when 50 percent of their useful life has expired).
When installed on board, the ELT has to be connected:
• to a Remote Control Panel via a DIN12 connector;
• to an external antenna via a BNC connector.
The DIN12 connector is also used to connect a programming dongle, a CS144
interface or a programming and test equipment.
J1
This connector is dedicated for connection to the Remote Control Panel, to the
Programming or Maintenance Dongles, to a CS144 interface and/or to the
programming equipment (PR600).
IMPORTANT: Shielded cables are recommended. The required wires are
AWG24.
J1PINSignal NameDestination Direction
J1-ARCP TEST/RESET RCPIN
J1-BDONGLE RXSMM / PGM IN
Viewed from
Front Face
J1-CDONGLE CSSMMOUT
J1-DDONGLE SKSMMOUT
J1-EDONGLE TXSMM / PGM OUT
J1-FDONGLE ALE2PSMMOUT
J1-GRCP COMMONRCPOUT
J1-HRCP BUZZERRCP(*)OUT
J1-JRCP LEDRCPOUT
J1-KRCP ONRCPIN
J1-LDONGLE GNDSMM / PGM OUT
J1-MN/C
Table 1: J1 connector pin-out
(*)This wire is not used with some versions of Remote Control Panels. For
precise information, refer to Remote Control Panel technical description.
J2
Connector J2 is used to connect the external antenna through a 50 coaxial
cable for use as fixed ELT or the auxiliary antenna for use as survival ELT.
• Transmission duration:
440ms (short message) every 50
sec. compatible with long message
transmission (520ms)
• Endurance: Over 24 hours at
-20°C
121,5/243 MHz TRANSMISSION
• Frequencies:
121.5 MHz +/- 6 kHz
243.0 MHz +/- 12 kHz
• Output power:100 to 400 mW
(20dBm to 26 dBm)
for each frequency
• Modulation type: 3K20A3X
• Modulation rate: between 85 and
100%
• Frequency of modulation signal:
1420 Hz to 490 Hz with decreasing
sweep
• Endurance: Over 48 hours at
-20°C
CONTROLS
• ARM / OFF / ON switch
• Bright red visual indicator
• BNC antenna connector
• DIN12 connector for remote control
panel (RCP) and pin programming
option.
•Buzzer
G-SWITCH SENSOR
Mechanical G-switch sensor at 45°
compliant with EUROCAE ED62
specifications.
BATTERY
KIT BAT300, P/N : S1820516-99
3 x LiMnO
D type cells for transmitter
2
power supply
Expiry date: 7 years from date of cell
manufacturing (CDOM)
HOUSING
Material: Molded plastic
Color: Yellow (color compounded)
Transmitter dimensions:
172 mm x 82 mm x 82 mm
Overall dimensions:
max 290 mm x 115 mm x 95 mm
Weight: typical 1235 g / max 1300 g
(including battery)
Tightness: O-rings
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
RTCA DO-160D / EUROCAE Ch1 to 25
[D1]XBA[ED62][YLMC]AWXXXXZXXXZ
WL[(A1)(A2)(A3)XX]XXA
Note: chapters 6, 8, 9 & 10 according to
DO160C.
CAUTION: WHEN OPERATING THE ARM/OFF/ON SWITCH, PULL LEVER
TO UNLOCK AND SET TO POSITION.
A. Standby mode for automatic activation
In order to be automatically activated by the crash sensor, the ELT must be in
standby mode. This mode is mandatory during the flight. We recommend to
switch the ELT off only when the aircraft is parked for a long period or for a
maintenance operation.
• Check that the antenna is correctly connected.
• Switch to “ARM”.
To operate the ELT with the Remote Control Panel, ensure that:
• The ELT switch is in the “ARM” position.
B. Manual activation as fixed ELT
• Check that the external antenna is correctly connected.
• Switch to “ON” (either on the ELT or on the Remote Control Panel):
- The ELT starts with the self-test sequence.
- 121.5 / 243 MHz transmission starts immediately after the self-test.
- 406 MHz starts after 50 seconds (406 burst every 50 sec during 24
hours).
- During transmission, buzzer operates and visual indicator flashes.
CAUTION: WHEN OPERATING THE ARM/OFF/ON SWITCH, PULL LEVER
TO UNLOCK AND SET TO POSITION.
It is possible to stop the ELT in case of unintentional activation.
Regulations state that no transmission must be interrupted unless
every means are used to contact and inform the Air Traffic Controller
of this action.
IMPORTANT: As 406 MHz transmission is effective 50 seconds after the
ELT activation, if it is reset within this delay, no further radio contact will
be necessary.
A. Manual reset
• Switch to “OFF”.
B. Reset with Remote Control Panel
• The switch has to be in the “ARM” position on the ELT.
• Switch to “RESET & TEST” on the remote control panel.
CAUTION: WHEN OPERATING THE ARM/OFF/ON SWITCH, PULL LEVER
TO UNLOCK AND SET TO POSITION.
1. Registration and Programming
The ELT must be registered prior to installation on board.
The registration card available from the local registration authority
must be completed and returned to this authority.
The “Programming Datasheet” (DIM0300) must be completed and
returned to your distributor.
Any change of ownership shall also be declared and registered with
the local registration authority and with the distributor.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H is fully compatible with the four programming protocols
defined by the COSPAS-SARSAT C/S G005 document:
• Serialised Number.
• Aircraft 24 bit Address (the same as MODE S ATC or TCAS).
• Aircraft Operator Designator + serialised number up to 4096.
• Aircraft Nationality and Registration marking (Tail Number). This
identification consists of up to 7 alphanumeric characters.
Programming of the ELT can be carried out either:
• by Orolia S.A.S. or the distributor (order must include programming
details).
• in the shop with a programming equipment (PR600 and Kannad e-Prog
software).
• on board the aircraft with a programming equipment or programming
dongle.
This operation takes less than 2 minutes and does not need any hardware
operation. The identification is simply downloaded in the ELT when connected
to the programming equipment via the DIN 12 connector.
The KANNAD 406 AP-H offers pin-programming capabilities to facilitate
maintenance operations especially in case of removals and/or replacement.
A special DIN 12 connector with a Serial Memory Module (called “Programming
Dongle”) is connected to the ELT when installed on board. This Programming
Dongle contains the identification information of the aircraft and remains on
board the aircraft. When an unprogrammed ELT is installed and connected to
this Programming Dongle and the “ELT” is switched to “ARM”, it automatically
updates its own memory with the identification data contained in the
Programming Dongle memory.
When the ELT is removed from the aircraft, it keeps its identification data.
For maintenance purposes, it is possible to delete the identification information
of the ELT by connecting a “Maintenance Dongle” to the ELT. Any accidental
transmission with this “maintenance dongle” will not involve SAR operation as
the identification code transmitted is recognised by COSPAS-SARSAT as “not
on board”.
When a maintenance dongle is connected:
• Country code is 227 (France).
• Protocol is Test.
• Identification number is SI + 5 digits (the last 5 digits of CSN number) or K + 6 digits (the 6 digits of the CSN number).
If the pin programming option is selected by the operator, the following
equipment are required:
“The ELT shall not be installed within 60cm (2 ft) of a compass or flux gate.
The distance between ELT and antenna shall be determined so that, according
to the coaxial cable chosen, the cable lost should be
1dB at 400 MHz.
The ELT front panel should be easily accessible to connect the outside antenna
and the remote control panel device and to check the ELT good operation
(controls and lights).”
(1)FAA Recommendations
Installation must be made by qualified personnel in accordance with
FAA regulations. Duplicating a previous installation may not be
acceptable. Refer to:
FAA - Advisory Circular 43.13-2A (Acceptable Methods, Techniques,
and Practices - Aircraft Alterations), specifically, Chapters 1, 2, 11 and
13.
(2) TSO C126a Section 5 b. Application Data Requirements
“The conditions and tests for TSO approval of this article are minimum
performance standards. Those installing this article, on or in a specific
type or class of aircraft, must determine that the aircraft installation
conditions are within the TSO standards. TSO articles must have
separate approval for installation in an aircraft. The article may be
installed only according to 14 CFR part 43 of the applicable
airworthiness requirements”.
(3) RTCA DO-182 Recommendations
“All ELT system components which must survive to a crash
intact,...should be attached to the airframe in such a manner that the
attachment system can support a 100g load... in the plus and minus
directions of the three principal axes of the aircraft.”
(4) RTCA DO-204a Requirements
“The ELT unit shall be mounted to primary aircraft load-carrying
structures such as trusses, bulkheads, longerons, spars or floor beams
(not aircraft skin) or a structure that meets the requirements of the
following test. The mounts shall have a maximum static local deflection
no greater than 2.5 mm when a force of 450 Newtons (l00 lbf) is applied
to the mount in the most flexible direction. Deflection measurements
shall be made with reference to another part of the airframe not less than
0.3 m or more than 1.0 m from the mounting location. Typical
approaches for adding shelf and rail platform mounting provisions to
aircraft structure as shown an FAA Advisory circular 43.13-2(), Chapter
2."
B. Bracket installation
• Determine the location of the ELT on board according to FAR/RTCA
recommendations.
• The G-Switch axis shall be directed to sense the primary crash pulse along
the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. Reference to the G-Switch is given by
the arrow “Sens du Déplacement / Flight direction”.
Figure 2: KANNAD 406 AP-H, installation
IMPORTANT: The KANNAD 406 AP-H is designed to be installed on board
helicopters only.
The “Direction of Flight " arrow shall point towards the front or the bottom of the
helicopter (and not pointing 45° downwards) with maximum tolerance of 15°:
• If the KANNAD 406 AP-H is installed with the “Direction of Flight " arrow
pointing towards the front of the helicopter, the ELT shall be mounted with
the upper side pointing towards the top of the helicopter.
• If the KANNAD 406 AP-H is installed with the “Direction of Flight " arrow
pointing towards the bottom of the helicopter, the ELT shall be installed
with the lower side pointing towards the front of the helicopter.
Drill 4 holes Ø 6 mm in the aircraft structure according to “Drilling mask”. Holes
4,5,6,7 shall be preferred.
If the aircraft structure is not solid enough to withstand a 500 kg traction on the
bracket, a reinforcement plate (not supplied) should be installed as shown
Figure 3: Bracket installation.
Fix the bracket with the 4 screws, 8 washers and 4 nylstop nuts supplied.
IMPORTANT: tighten to a torque between 4 and 5 Newton x meter.
CAUTION: WHEN OPERATING THE ARM/OFF/ON SWITCH, PULL LEVER
TO UNLOCK AND SET TO POSITION.
• Verify that the ELT identification label matches the aircraft tail number.
• Mount the transmitter on the bracket.
• Slide the self-stripping strap thought the buckle and fasten it tightly.
Figure 204:Installing the transmitter on the bracket
CAUTION: AN INCORRECT TIGHTENING OF THE HOOK AND LOOP
FASTENER COULD LEAD TO AN UNSAFE SITUATION BY THE ELT
PREVENTING THE TRANSMISSION OF THE DISTRESS MESSAGE
IMPORTANT: Once installed in the mounting bracket, the installer must
be sure that the transmitter is firmly attached in its bracket by trying to
extract it manually, thereby verifying there is no play and that it remains
attached when extraction from the bracket is attempted.
• Fold the antenna and slide it under the Velcro® strap.
• Connect the external antenna to the BNC connector (Refer to Figure 5:
Installation, controls and connectors) as shown Figure 2: ELT system
description page 3.
NOTE (regarding the external antenna): The specific installation
(tightening torque, etc.) of the external antenna is not covered by this
manual. Refer to antenna manufacturer's instructions. General
instructions for an external antenna installation are detailed 3.
Antenna Installation page 208.
• Connect the Remote Control Panel (or CS144) to the DIN12 connector
(Refer to Figure 5: Installation, controls and connectors) as shown Figure
2: ELT system description page 3.
NOTE: The DIN 12 connector shall be tighten by hand.
• Set the 3-position switch (Refer to Figure 5: Installation, controls and
connectors) to ARM.
Figure 5: Installation, controls and connectors
• Perform the first power up procedure (Refer to 4. First power up, page
The external antenna can be either of whip, rod or blade type according to
aircraft speed. Use only approved antennas.
Connection to the ELT will be carried out with a 50 Ohm coaxial cable (RG58
for example) ended with two male BNC connectors.
A. Antenna Installation Recommendations
(1)FAA Recommendations
Installation must be made by qualified personnel in accordance with FAA
regulations. Duplicating a previous installation may not be acceptable. Methods
for installing antenna are outlined in AC43.13-12, refer to:
FAA - Advisory Circular 43.13-2A (Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and
Practices - Aircraft Alterations), specifically, Chapters 1, 3, 11 and 13.
(2) RTCA DO-204 Requirements for ELT location
“ELT antennas should be located away from other antennas to avoid disruption
of antenna radiation patterns.”
“Idealistically, for the 121.5 MHz ELT antenna, 2.5 meter separation is sufficient
separation from VHF communications and navigation receiving antennas to
minimize unwanted interferences.”
“ELT antennas should be vertically polarized when the aircraft is in the normal
flight attitude.”
“ELT antenna mounting surface should be able to whistand a static load equal
to 100 times the antenna weight applied at the antenna mounting base in all
directions.”
“The antenna should be mounted as close to the respective ELT as applicable.
The proximity of the ELT antenna to any vertically-polarized communications
antenna shall be such as to minimize radio frequency interference and radiation
pattern distorsion of either antenna. Coaxial cable connecting the ELT antenna
installation should not cross the aircraft production breaks and should have
vibrations proof RF connectors on each end. The coaxial connecting the ELT
transmitter to the external Antenna should be secured to the aircraft structure
and when the coaxial cable is installed and the connectors are mated, each end
should be have some slack.”
B. Antenna installation procedure
The antenna must be mounted on the top of the aircraft to assure maximum
visibility of satellites. The upper aft portion of the fuselage should be preferred.
It should be mounted away from projections such as a propeller, tail surfaces,
or the shadow of large antennas. It is the responsibility of the installation
agency to determine the appropriate and adequate antenna installation.
Locate a position on the fuselage according to Refer to (2) RTCA DO-204
Requirements for ELT location, page 208:
A double plate may be necessary for the antenna to meet rigidity specifications
in Section (2) RTCA DO-204 Requirements for ELT location page 208.
A 9 Kilogram force (20 pound force) applied in all direction should not cause an
appreciable distorsion in the aircraft skin.
Each of the approved antennas requires a ground plane. On fabric-covered
aircraft or aircraft with other types on nonmetallic skins, a ground plane must
be added. This can be accomplished by providing a number of metal foil strips
in a radial position from the antenna base and secured under the fabric or wood
skin of the aircraft. The length of each foil radial should be at least equal to the
antenna length and width at least 1 inch due to the diameter of the antenna. The
ground plane must be connected to the shield of the antenna connector.
Figure 6: Antenna ground plane for non metallic aircraft
According to the antenna to be installed, use the appropriate outline drawings
and drilling masks to determine the hole patern and drill size (Refer to
SCHEMATICS & DIAGRAMS, page 501).
Fabricate a 50 Ohms coaxial cable long enough to reach between the ELT
installation location and the antenna location.
IMPORTANT: The length of the coaxial cable should not exceed 2.7
meters (9 ft) for a standard RG58 or equivalent coaxial cable. If the cable
length exceeds 2.7 meters, a low loss cable of attenuation less than 1
dB@400 MHz must be used (See Important notice, D. External antenna
page 4).
Fit both ends of coaxial cable with a waterproof Male BNC connector (not
supplied), reference RADIALL R141007 or equivalent.
Connect one Male BNC connector to the antenna Female BNC socket.
CAUTION: WHEN OPERATING THE ARM/OFF/ON SWITCH, PULL LEVER
TO UNLOCK AND SET TO POSITION.
1. Self-test
A. Periodicity
It is recommended by the manufacturer to test the ELT to detect any possible
failure.
It is recommended to perform a self-test once a month by pilot or maintenance
personnel from the cockpit (Remote Control Panel) but it should not be done more than once a week.
However, each self-test consumes energy from the battery. Should self-tests
be carried out more often than the maximum allowed, the battery life-time might
be shorter than specified.
Do not perform Self-test without the antenna connected.
B. Self-test procedure
• Check that the antenna is correctly connected.
• Switch from position “OFF” to position “ARM” or press “RESET & TEST”
on the Remote Control Panel (ensure that the ELT switch is in the “ARM”
position).
- The buzzer operates during the whole Self-test procedure.
- After a few seconds, the test result is displayed with the visual indicator
as follows:
• One long flash indicates that the system is operational and that no
error conditions were found.
• A series of short flashes
(see note below)
indicates the test has failed.
If self-test fails, contact the distributor as soon as possible.
Unless a waver is granted, flight should be cancelled.
NOTE: The number of flashes gives an indication of the faulty parameter
detected during the self-test.
3+1LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE
3+2LOW RF POWER
3+3FAULTY VCO LOCKING (FAULTY FREQUENCY)
3+4NO IDENTIFICATION PROGRAMMED
Check correct operation of RCP LED and external buzzer by switching ELT and
RCP as described in the sequential procedure hereunder (with ELT switch in
the “ARM” position).
Figure 301: RCP LED and buzzer operation
IMPORTANT: (2) before switching the RCP to ON, wait for the end of the
self-test.
Procedure for fault isolation on board uses the visual indicator of the ELT’s front
panel. This visual indicator is activated by a self-test capability within the ELT.
Repair and battery replacement can only be carried out by PART 145 /
FAR 145 avionics workshops (or equivalent agreement according to
local regulations).
Additional approval from Orolia is required. Refer to Service Letter SL
S18XX50X-25-02 Maintenance Policy for KANNAD ELTs.
2. Faults on Self-test
A. Visual indicator
When the self-test is carried out, the number of flashes gives an indication of the
faulty parameter detected during the self-test.
(1)3+1 flashes
- Low battery voltage:
Check battery, refer to relevant CMM for tests and repair.
(2) 3+2 flashes
- Low RF power:
Check 406 MHz power, refer to relevant CMM for tests and repair.
(3) 3+3 flashes
- Faulty VCO locking (faulty frequency):
Check 406 MHz frequency, refer to relevant CMM for tests and repair.
(4) 3+4 flashes
- No identification programmed
refer to relevant CMM for tests and repair.
NOTE: for CMM download and other servicing instructions, refer to Service &
Support section of Orolia’s Web site: https://www.orolia.com/support/
3. Other faults detected
A. Buzzer
(1)Buzzer does not operate
- Refer to refer to relevant CMM for tests and repair
(2) Buzzer operates permanently when ELT in ARM mode
carried out by a PART 145 or FAR 145 (or equivalent) maintenance
station as described in Service Letter SL S18XX50X-25-02 Maintenance
Policy for KANNAD ELTs.
Periodic inspection
:
depending if the ELT is opened or not, PART 145 or FAR 145 (or
equivalent) may be required. Refer to local regulations
A. Periodic inspection
Note: (if required by the relevant Civil Aviation Authority).
Some Civil Aviation Authorities may require the ELT be tested periodically.
In this case, refer to Service Letter SL S18XX50X-25-12 “Guidelines for
periodic inspection” available on the Support section of Orolia website.
B. Battery replacement
Testing of the various elements of the ELT is mandatory when the battery is
replaced:
• For battery replacement intervals, Refer to 2. Battery replacement
requirements, page 602.
• The testing procedure associated with the battery replacement is
described in the level 2 CMM 25-63-05.
For CMM download and other servicing instructions, refer to the Support
section of Orolia website: https://www.orolia.com/support/