Avaya SIP DECT Fundamentals User Manual

Download

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

Release: 6.0 Document Revision: 02.02

www.nortel.com

NN43120-123

Nortel Communication Server 1000 Release: 6.0 Publication: NN43120-123 Document release date: 30 March 2010

agreed to in writing NORTEL PROVIDES THIS DOCUMENT "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. The information and/or products described in this document are subject to change without notice.

Nortel, Nortel Networks, the Nortel logo, and the Globemark are trademarks of Nortel Networks.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Contents

New in this release 7

Features 7 Other changes 7

Product overview 9

Navigation 9 Overview of SIP DECT 9

Site planning and hardware deployment 17

Navigation 17 Components of SIP DECT systems 17

Deployment requirements 18

Types of SIP DECT configuration 28 Site planning 32

System deployment 38

Universal extension support 12 DECT handset features 14 CallPilot and Message Waiting Indication support 15 SIP DECT capacity limitations 16

Call server, Signaling server, and SIP Line Gateway 17 PC (DAP controller) 18 DECT Access Points 18

Navigation 19 Radio synchronization 19 IP network configuration 23 Location requirements 26

Site survey 32 Speech quality 33 Coverage calculation 35 Traffic density calculations 38

DECT Deployment Kit 2 38 Deployment terms 42 Deploying on a single floor 44 Deploying on multiple floors 59 Reengineer cells for high traffic areas 63

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Software requirements 79

Navigation 79 Call server, signalling server, and SIP Line Gateway software 79 DAP controller software 79

Firewall protection 80 Internet information services 80 DHCP and TFTP servers 87 DAP Controller 102

SIPN configuration 107

Navigation 107 Basic (simple) SIP DECT configuration with CS 1000 SIP Gateway 107

Configuration using IP DECT Configurator 108 DAP manager configuration 120 Configuration on Element manager 124 NRS configuration 133

Call server configuration 140 Branch Office configuration 143 Routed Head Quarter configuration 146

Configure Routed Head Quarter 147 Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office 148 Multi site mobility network configuration 150

Subscribe a multiple-site DECT handset 151

Import and export subscriptions 151

Configure NRS for multiple-site mobility network 152

Call server configuration to MSMN 153

Configuration of Personal Call Assistant 156

Configuration of UEXT on the remote system 157

SIPL configuration 159

Navigation 159 Basic (simple) SIP DECT configuration with CS 1000 SIP Line Gateway 159

Configuration using IP DECT Configurator 159

DAP manager configuration 173

SIP Line Gateway configuration 177

Call server configuration 177 Branch Office configuration 180 Routed Head Quarter configuration 182

Configure Routed Head Quarter 183 Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office 185 Multiple-site mobility network configuration 187

Subscribe a multi-site DECT handset 187

Import and export subscriptions 188

Personal Call Assistant configuration 189

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System administration 191

Navigation 191 DAP manager overview 191 Subscription management 193

Subscribing a handset 193

Edit a subscription RPN 194

Disable a subscription 195

Removing a subscription 196

Deleting a number 196

Use the filter 197

Handset status 198 DAP management 200

Changing a DAP Radio Part Number 200

Restarting a DAP 201

Restart all DAPs 201

Deleting a DAP 202 Add a DN range 202 Importing a DN range from a .csv file 203 System backup 205 Subscription export and import 205

Export subscriptions 205

Import subscriptions 208 DAP reboot history 208 System archive 209 Handset firmware update 210 Central directory access tool 214

Supported database types 215

Installation 216

Configure SIP DECT for Central directory access 217

System maintenance 219

Navigation 219 DAP Web interface 219 DAP LED indications 221 DAP firmware update 221 Remove and replace a DAP (if a new DAP is available) 223 Remove and replace a DAP (if a new DAP is not available) 224 System synchronization analysis 225

Synchronization Analyzer interface 226 Export and import SIP DECT system 233

Export a system 233

Import a system 234 DAP Controller deactivation 235

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Uninstalling DAP Controller software 236 DAP Controller software update 237 Troubleshooting 238

If DAP is not working 238

If you cannot make calls from a DECT handset to an IP/TDM telephone on the

call server (SIPN Configuration) 239 If you cannot make calls between DECT handsets (SIPN Configuration) 240 If you cannot make calls to or from a DECT handset with SIPL

configuration 242

If you have problems 244

System survey 244 DAP information file 245 System archive 245 Network packet capture traces 246

Location builder tool 247

Use the Location builder tool 247

Create a location file 249 Maintenance 254

Site survey example 257

Site planning example: Able-Studio 257

The facts for Able-Studio 257 The site survey for Able-Studio 257

Deployment tool 263

Prepare the tool for deployment 264

Charging the deployment tool battery 265 Charging the deployment handset battery 266 Assembling the deployment tool 267 Testing the deployment handset 270

How the deployment tool works 271 Using the deployment tool 272

Handset tones interpretation 273 Rules for outdoor deployment 273

External housing installation 275

Installing a C4710 basestation in an external housing 275 Installing a C4710E basestation in an external housing with an external

antenna 278 Mounting the cabinet on a wall 280 Mounting the cabinet on a pole 281

Third Party Software 283

SRTP 283 TLS 284

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

New in this release

The following section details what is new in SIP DECT Fundamentals (NN43120-123).

Features

This document is updated to document SIP DECT on SIP LINE.

Other changes

This section describes the detailed history of past releases of this document.

Revision History

Date Description

March 2010 Standard 02.02. This document is up-issued with information

for SIP DECT on SIP LINE, and to support Communication Server 1000 (CS 1000) Release 6.0.

October 2009 Standard 02.01. This document is up-issued to reflect changes

in technical content stemming from SIP DECT 4.2, and to support CS 1000 Release 6.0.

January 2009 Standard 01.07. This document is up-issued for CS 1000

Release 5.5 with editorial changes.

December 2008

July 2008 Standard 01.05. This document is up-issued in response to

July 2008 Standard 01.04. This document is up-issued in response to

Standard 01.06. This document is up-issued for CS 1000 Release 5.5, in response to change requests for content related to SIP DECT 4.1.

change requests.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

8 New in this release

Date Description

May 2008 Standard 01.03. This document is up-issued in response to

March 2008 Standard 01.02. This document is up-issued in response to

change requests.

February 2008

Standard 01.01. This is a new document issued to support CS 1000 Release 5.5. Some of the information in this new document was previously contained in the following document: DECT Fundamentals (NN43120-114).

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Product overview

This section describes the capabilities, configuration, and design of SIP DECT.

Navigation

“Overview of SIP DECT” (page 9)

•

Overview of SIP DECT

You can use Nortel Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) to move without restriction about your work site while conducting telephone conversations, using wireless handsets. The Nortel SIP DECT system includes one or more DECT access points (DAPs or basestations) connected to the TLAN.

The system supports the following connection types for SIP DECT configuration:

•

SIPL configuration, which uses SIP Line Gateway

•

SIPN configuration, which uses the Signaling Server

ATTENTION

This document describes both SIPN and SIPL connection types. Some sections of this document discuss only SIPN or SIPL, while other sections cover both, and contain notes concerning the differences between SIPN and SIPL configuration. When you configure Nortel SIP DECT, ensure that you follow the procedures for the configuration type that you require.

• SIPL connections are available on CS 1000 Release 6.0 and later, and use

SIP Line Gateway nodes to connect SIP clients to the Call Server. SIPL connections support SIP DECT handset registration, and require that you create a SIPL subtype of UEXT blocks on the Call Server.

• SIPN connections are available on CS 1000 Release 5.5 and later, and are

normally used only on that release. SIPN connections are based on SIP trunks between SIP Gateway (Signaling Server) and NRS. SIPN connections don’t support SIP DECT handset registration, and require that you create a SIPN subtype of UEXT blocks on the Call Server.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

10 Product overview

A minimal SIP DECT system has the following main components.

•

• SIP Line Gateway or Signaling Server (according to configuration type)

•

• DAP

• handset

Use the following tools to configure SIP DECT.

• Element manager or overlay program for Call Server

• Element manager and, if required, Network Routing Service (NRS)

• IP DECT Configurator—used to enter SIP DECT configuration

• DAP Manager (IP DECT Manager)—a Web interface used for SIP

Call Server

PC with DAP controller software installed

manager for Signaling Server

DECT administration tasks such as adding a handset or removing a subscription.

The IP DECT Configurator and the DAP manager IP DECT are available as a part of the DAP controller software package.

The following software releases are required for the main system components:

•

Call Server, Release 6.0

•

Signaling Server, Release 6.0

•

DAP software 4910b427.dwl or later

• DAP controller 4.2 or later (PC software)

You can connect IP phones to the TLAN, and you can connect TDM phones to the Call Server, Voice Gateway Media Cards, and other required cards in Call Server. Use Voice Gateway Media Cards for IP-to-TDM calls and for conference calls involving IP phones or DECT handsets on basestations. The configuration can also include a PC with DECT Messenger to provide the DECT messaging service on SIP DECT.

For SIP DECT to function properly on SIPN configurations, you must install a dedicated Signalling Server running the SIP Gateway application. You can use other applications, such as H.323 Gateway, NRS, and IP Phones, on the same Signaling Server without limitations.

Use the Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) server or the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server unless you use a DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP. You can configure the system to use two separate

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Overview of SIP DECT 11

servers: one for DHCP and the other for TFTP. If the system requires DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP, the DHCP or TFTP server is required during installation or configuration changes.

The following figure shows a general SIP DECT configuration.

Figure 1 SIP DECT configuration

You can install the DHCP or TFTP services, DECT Messenger, and DAP controller on a single server or PC. However, you can also install them on separate servers to enhance performance or facilitate administration. You can also install Element Manager, NRS manager, and Telephony Manager on the same server if the server has both a TLAN network interface and an ELAN network interface. If the server you use cannot support all of these applications, you can use more than one server.

You connect the DAP to the Communication Server 1000 (CS 1000)

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

12 Product overview

• in SIPN configuration using the SIP trunks that you configure between

• in SIPL configuration using the SIP-line trunks that you configure for

Each DAP communicates with the subscribed DECT handsets in the coverage area, and each DAP interacts with the CS 1000 and with other configured DAPs in the company network.

You can run SIP DECT on the following configurations:

• Communication Server 1000M or Communication 1000E

• Signaling Server running SIP Gateway (SIPN only) or Signalling Server

Use the SIP Redirect Server or SIP Proxy Server to perform the appropriate NRS configuration for SIP DECT (SIPN connection type):

•

the Signaling Server and the NRS

SIP Line Gateway

running SIP Line Gateway

You can run SIP Redirect Server on Internet Server Platform (ISP) 1100s, Call Processor Pentium Mobile (CP PM) signaling servers, or on IBM or HP Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) servers under VxWorks.

• You can run SIP Proxy Server on IBM or HP COTS servers under

Linux. You can run SIP Redirect Server on the same Signaling Server as SIP Gateway dedicated to SIP DECT.

•

You can run SIP Redirect Server on a stand-alone Signaling Server.

If you install SIP Proxy Server you must use a stand-alone COTS server. You cannot run SIP Gateway on the same server as the SIP Proxy Server.

Universal extension support

DECT handsets subscribed on DAPs are external to CS 1000. The CS 1000 does not control the state of DECT handsets. Therefore, the CS 1000

• cannot detect individual key presses on DECT handsets

• cannot control cadences on DECT handsets

• cannot detect if a DECT handset is switched off and on

• cannot control the handset display content

A DECT handset subscribed on a DAP cannot use the same range of features available to analog, digital, or UNIStim IP phones on the CS 1000.

The Universal Extension (UEXT) feature on the Call Server provides Configuration and status information for subscribed DECT handsets.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Overview of SIP DECT 13

No Associated Telephone (AST) or Computer-Telephone Integration (CTI) capabilities are currently available for SIP DECT.

Each DECT handset has a local Directory Number (DN) in CS 1000. Use this local DN to subscribe the corresponding DECT handsets on the SIP DECT system through DAP Manager. DAP manager is available on the server where you installed the DAP controller.

Configure the UEXT associated with a DECT handset as follows:

•

For the Primary DN of the UEXT (key 0 SCR), enter the local DN associated with the DECT handset.

•

On SIPN configurations, for the Target DN of the UEXT (key 1 HOT P), enter the digits required to access the SIP route (SIP Trunks) configured to access DAPs plus the local DN of the handsets. This consists of one of the following values:

— For access based on the configured Coordinated Dialing Plan

(CDP), compose the Target DN as follows: <TSC>+<LOCAL DN>.

—

For access based on the configured Uniform Dialing Plan (UDP), compose the Target DN as follows: <AC1 or AC2>+<LOC>+<LOCAL DN>.

•

For SIPL configuration for the Target DN of the UEXT (key 1 HOT U), enter the digits of the User agent prefix (SIP Line configuration item) plus the local DN of the handsets.

A UEXT corresponding to a DECT handset on the SIP DECT system reflects the idle or busy status of the associated handset by a check for a call processed between the handset and a DAP.

The Integrated SIP DECT provides the following UEXT features.

•

Make and receive simple calls

• Call Hold. Only one active call and one call on hold can exist for a

handset

• Consultative or Announced Call Transfer

• Blind Call Transfer

• Conference call participation if another party adds the DECT handset

to the conference

• Start a three-way call (SIPL configurations only)

• Calling Line ID (CLID) and Calling Party Name Display (CPND) for

simple calls not involving call transfer

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

14 Product overview

• CLID and CPND for an internal line (digital or IP phone with display)

• Sending DTMF tones through the established connection to interact

• Support for a voice mailbox on CallPilot and Message Waiting

• Call Forward No Answer

•

• Hunting

• Call Restrictions applicable to a UEXT

•

DECT handset features

The user of a DECT handset subscribed on SIP DECT can perform the following actions:

calling to or receiving a call from a DECT handset

with the called line (party), for example, to work with CallPilot

Indication (MWI)

Call Forward By Time of Day Call Forward Busy

Twinned configuration (typically a desk phone plus a DECT handset)

• Make calls to DNs except restricted or blocked DNs.

•

Receive and answer calls from the Call Server. If CPND is available, the name of the caller and DN appear on the handset display. The position and appearance of the name DN on the display depend on the firmware installed on the handset.

•

Place the active call on hold by pressing the R key on the handset. Return to the held call by pressing the R key. If a call is on hold, another call can be made from the handset. After the second call is established, the user can switch between the two calls with the R key.

•

Transfer a call to another DN

— To perform a Blind Transfer

Place the current call on hold, call the required DN and immediately release from the call.

— To perform a Consultative Transfer

Place the current call on hold, call the required DN, wait for the answer and release the call after the DN answers.

• Press digit keys on the handset during an established call to transmit

DTMF tones to the other party on the call.

• For SIPL configurations only, you can initiate a three-way call. Place

an active call on hold, call the third party and wait until the call is answered. Press the star (*) key to start the conference.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

If your system uses SIPN, you cannot use a DECT handset to configure Call Forward or Hunting or to configure Call Restrictions. If the system uses a twinned configuration, you can use the twinned desk phone to configure Call Forward for the Primary DN with the existing keys or with Flexible Feature Codes (FFC).

On SIPL configurations, you can activate FFC features such as Call Forward, Make Set Busy, Ring Again, Call Park, which are available for SIP Line users.

CallPilot and Message Waiting Indication support

DECT handsets subscribed on SIP DECT can use CallPilot. You can configure Call Forward No Answer for the Primary DN of the

UEXT so that the unanswered calls on the corresponding DECT handset or IP phone (in the case of a twinned configuration) are forwarded to CallPilot. Calls can also be forwarded to CallPilot as busy treatment for the Primary DN.

A user can call the CallPilot system from a DECT handset and log on to the voice mailbox with the corresponding DN and password. The user can then use the voice menus of the system as usual.

Overview of SIP DECT 15

The system can send MWI to the DECT handset through the SIP Trunk. If your system uses SIPL, enter the MWI primary DN of the SIP DECT user. For SIPN configurations, configure additional DNs (to which CallPilot sends MWI) for the voice mailbox corresponding to the UEXT Primary DN. The additional DN configured in CallPilot is the external DN of the DECT handset, which is the Target DN on the UEXT corresponding to the DECT handset.

CS 1000 supports only the Unsolicited MWI NOTIFY model. An external SIP UA cannot SUBSCRIBE to MWI NOTIFY messages and cannot request the current status of MWI for the DN from the system (by sending SUBSCRIBE messages). Instead, a SIP UA must be ready to receive MWI NOTIFY messages from the system even if it did not SUBSCRIBE, and it must update MWI according to those messages only.

For SIPN configurations, due to the Unsolicited MWI NOTIFY model used in SIPN, the DECT handset relies on the MWI notifications sent by CS

1000. Therefore, the MWI based on the existing mechanism can be in the incorrect state on the DECT handset if the handset was turned off and on. The MWI can be in the incorrect state if the handset leaves and then reenters the coverage area of the SIP DECT. In this situation, the MWI on the DECT handset returns to the correct state when the next MWI state change occurs in the CallPilot system.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

16 Product overview

If you use a twinned configuration for a DECT handset, the corresponding IP or TDM phone correctly reflects the current state of MWI, if it receives MWI notifications for the Primary DN from CallPilot.

SIP DECT capacity limitations

The following capacity limitations apply to SIP DECT:

•

• a maximum of 6000 DECT handsets on each SIP DECT system

• a maximum of 1000 simultaneous calls on each network

• a maximum of 25 subscription records for each DAP

a maximum of 12 simultaneous calls for each DAP a maximum of 256 DAPs on each network (where handover and

synchronization between DAPs is possible)

(potentially, several isolated SIP DECT systems can connect to CS

1000)

If the planned number of DECT handsets in a SIP DECT system is equal to M, and the number of DAPs in that system is equal to N, M must be less than or equal to N*25.

Consider the following additional capacity limitations based on the CS 1000 configuration characteristics.

•

The number of available UEXTs is limited by the number of available virtual Telephone Numbers (TN) in the system.

•

The number of DNs available for DECT handsets depends on the configured dialing plan and the availability of the Directory Number Expansion (DNXP) package (150).

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Site planning and hardware deployment

Navigation

“Components of SIP DECT systems” (page 17)

•

• “Deployment requirements” (page 18)

•

"Types of SIP DECT configuration" (page 28)

•

“Site planning” (page 32)

•

“System deployment” (page 38)

Components of SIP DECT systems

This section contains information about the following topics.

•

“Call server, Signaling server, and SIP Line Gateway” (page 17)

•

“PC (DAP controller)” (page 18)

•

“DECT Access Points” (page 18)

Call server, Signaling server, and SIP Line Gateway

Before you install SIP DECT you must install and configure a CS 1000 system, as follows:

• For SIPN configuration, install Call Server and Signaling Server.

• For SIPL configuration, install Call Server and SIP Line Gateway.

For more information about SIP Line Gateway, see SIP Line Fundamentals (NN43001-508).

CS 1000 Release 6.0 introduces the CP PM Co-resident Call Server and Signaling Server (CP PM Co-res CS and SS), which can run the Call Server software, the Signaling Server software, and the System Management software on the same hardware platform operating under the RedHat Linux operating system.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

18 Site planning and hardware deployment

For more information about CS 1000 installation, see Communication Server 1000E Installation and Commissioning (NN43041-310).

PC (DAP controller)

Minimum specifications for the DAP controller PC are as follows.

•

2.4 GHz CPU

•

512 MB RAM

•

CD-ROM drive

• 1GB free hard disk space

DECT Access Points

Two models of DECT Access Points (DAP) are currently available for Nortel SIP DECT: C4710 and C4710E. The C4710E is a special version of the C4710 Access Point that provides an alternative with an external antenna connection for outdoor use.

•

C4710 DAP

— PEC: NTCW26AAE5 —

CPC: N0162007

•

C4710E DAP

—

PEC: NTCW26BAE5

—

CPC: N0162008

ATTENTION

The only audio codec supported on the C4710 and C4710E DAPs is the G.711 codec. Ensure that the G.711 codec is available in your system.

It is not possible to make calls between the Nortel IP Softphone 2050 and DECT handsets when you select the I use a modem to connect to the network check box in the Audio settings for the softphone. If you select this setting, the Nortel IP Softphone 2050 uses the G.729 codec for all calls.

When using Multimedia PC Client, ensure that you select Medium Speed or High Speed in the Multimedia PC Client Connection preferences if you plan to make calls between DECT handsets and Multimedia PC Clients.

Ensure that the DAPs are installed according to the location recommendations. For more information, see “Deployment requirements”

(page 18).

Deployment requirements

This section describes SIP DECT deployment requirements.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Navigation

• “Radio synchronization” (page 19)

• “IP network configuration” (page 23)

•

“Location requirements” (page 26)

Radio synchronization

The radio network structure supports seamless handover of existing calls. This means that, during a call, if a handset moves from the coverage area of one DAP into the coverage area of another DAP, the new DAP can take over the call. The call is not interrupted, and the user is not aware of the handover. In the traditional DECT system, synchronization between DAPs occurs over the wired network. SIP DECT requires an accurate synchronization of the radio signals in the air to support handover.

ATTENTION

If a DAP cannot receive synchronization signals from at least one other DAP, it operates in a single cell mode and cannot handover to other DAPs or receive handover from them.

Deployment requirements 19

Represent each DAP cell as a circle indicating the radio signals around the DAP. Figure 2 "DAP radio signal synchronization" (page 20) shows two circles around the DAP.

•

an inner circle in which sufficient radio signal strength exists for acceptable voice quality

•

an outer circle in which sufficient signal strength exists for synchronization, but not enough for acceptable voice quality

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

20 Site planning and hardware deployment

Figure 2 DAP radio signal synchronization

Due to the cellular structure of a DECT radio network, overlap exists in the cells with sufficient voice quality. The wider cell limit around the DAP therefore has some overlap with the other cell and reaches to the radio of the other cell. Consequently, the DAPs of the overlapping cells exchange radio signals. These radio signals are weak relative the signal needed by the handsets, but are strong enough for synchronization.

ATTENTION

For signal strength calculation see “Signal strength and frame errors” (page 22).

If one DAP receives a signal from another, the receiving DAP checks the radio signals on Primary Access Right Identity (PARI), to ensure that the signals belong to the same DECT system. If the signals belong to the same DECT system, the DAPs synchronize according to user-configured rules.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Deployment requirements 21

ATTENTION

If two or more independent SIP DECT systems have overlapping coverage areas, configure these systems so each has a unique subset or portion of carriers. When each system has a unique subset of carriers, interference between the systems is reduced.

Reducing the number of available carriers reduces the maximum number of simultaneous calls in the DECT system. To achieve your desired call capacity, you can be required to install extra DAPs. For more information, see step 4 of Configuring DECT Settings.

The DAPs transmit with a minimum of two channels carrying primary voice and data, also named bearers. If no voice calls occur over a DAP, the DAP transmits two dummy bearers. If one or more voice calls occur on the DAP, one is one a dummy bearer, while the others are voice calls.

Synchronization hierarchy

If two or more DAPs belong to the same system, the DAPs automatically synchronize using a hierarchical structure. In most cases synchronization is automatic, but if your system has a complex DAP cell structure, you must manually configure synchronization.

The DAP controller tracks the synchronization structure and assigns each DAP a unique Radio Part Number (RPN) after the DAP starts the first time. One or more DAPs act as a synchronization source to form the root of the hierarchical structure, as illustrated in Figure 3 "DAP synchronization

hierarchy" (page 21).

Figure 3 DAP synchronization hierarchy

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

22 Site planning and hardware deployment

If more than one synchronization source is present, each one forms a separate hierarchy of DAPs called a synchronization island.

Automatic synchronization occurs within each synchronization island using the following rules.

•

After a DAP starts, it searches for existing DAPs. If it finds one with a lower RPN, it synchronizes with it. If no other DAP exists with a lower RPN, the new DAP becomes the synchronization source.

ATTENTION

Extra DAPs can be required to establish a synchronization path.

• If a DAP detects more than one other DAP, it synchronizes with the

DAP with the shortest path to the synchronization master. If two or more DAPs have the same path length separating them from the master, the new DAP synchronizes to the DAP with the lowest RPN.

ATTENTION

After you install SIP DECT, wait at least 15 minutes until you see the results of the automatic synchronization.

To make a DAP a synchronization master or to give a DAP a higher position in the synchronization structure, you can manually assign a lower RPN number to a DAP. You can manually assign RPNs using the DAP Manager Web interface. Automatically assigned RPNs start at 010. If you manually assign a new RPN, ensure that it is in the range 000 to 00F.

ATTENTION

You must determine the position of the Synchronization Master before you start site planning. Place the synchronization master, which is the DAP with the lowest RPN, in the middle of your site, building, or buildings.

Signal strength and frame errors

Signal strength is important for DAP-handset communication (voice quality) and synchronization between DAPs. The following items are relevant for the signal strength for synchronization.

• To achieve a good voice quality, the minimum signal strength at the

receiver in the handset and DAP must be --72 Decibels (referenced to milliwatts) (dBm). This includes a margin of --10 dBm for fast fading dips.

• Synchronization is possible if the strength of the received signal from

another DAP is --80 dBm to --85 dBm. This is adjustable.

• In an open area, the distance is doubled if the received signal strength

is 6 dB lower. This means that at a minimum signal strength for good voice quality of --72 dBm and a distance X, the signal strength at the

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Deployment requirements 23

double distance, 2X, is --78 dBm. For more information, see Figure 4

"Signal strength considerations" (page 23).

Figure 4 Signal strength considerations

•

An open area has more than sufficient signal strength for synchronization. The expected level at the double distance is --78 dBm. The required level is --80 dBm to --85 dBm. This leaves a safely margin of 2 to 7 dB.

• Obstructions between the DAPs can introduce loss. Also, many objects

cause reflections that let the signal reach the DAPs through other path with sufficient signal strength.

• In rare cases, factors in the surrounding environment can cause

the error rate in the received frames to be temporarily much higher than is normal for speech. An occasionally elevated error rate does not indicate a problem with your SIP DECT system. However, if you consistently see a high error rate, then there is a problem with the deployment of your SIP DECT system.

Frame errors

Frame errors rarely can occur in DECT. The number of frame errors for each reading may not be more than four. The most common cause of frame errors higher than four is a high number of reflections. This causes an audible click during calls.

IP network conﬁguration

The IP network must be able to support SIP DECT; this section provides information about planning an IP network that is suitable for supporting SIP DECT.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

24 Site planning and hardware deployment

SIP DECT typically uses existing IP network infrastructure and facilities for the network connection. For IP connectivity, you must configure the network to ensure that all SIP DECT components have the following characteristics:

•

are equipped with unique IP addresses (some static, some dynamic)

•

can reach all the required services

•

can be reached by all clients and counterparts

Ethernet requirements

The following items describe the Ethernet requirements.

• The IP network must offer a Quality of Service (QoS) that is sufficient

to support the SIP DECT Voice over IP.

• The IP network must support transparent IP multicast between all

DAPs and the DAP controller.

•

Connect only one DAP to one IP Switch port.

• DAP supports full duplex and supports autonegotiation if DAP is

connected to a port on an Ethernet Switch.

ATTENTION

Configure the Ethernet switch ports to which the DAPs are connected to use autonegotiation. If the switch does not support autonegotiation, you can use full-duplex; however SIP DECT can operate incorrectly on some switches when you configure them to use full-duplex.

•

Ensure that enough unique IP addresses are available to support both data networking traffic and SIP DECT components. You can configure private IP addresses for local traffic, and you can configure private IP addresses on the local network to connect to public IP addresses if you use Network Address Translation (NAT). However, SIP DECT does not support NAT.

•

Ensure that IP addresses and routing are consistent with each other to deliver the required transparency. Also ensure that IP addresses are consistent with routing for normal unicast traffic as well as for the required multicast traffic.

• The maximum cable length between the DAP and IP network

equipment, such as a switch, is 100 meters for a Category 5, unshielded twisted-pair, half-duplex cable. If the required cable length between the IP network equipment and the DAP exceeds 100 meters, use Long Range Ethernet equipment in the connection. Several manufacturers offer such a solution, which allows cable lengths of more than one kilometer (km).

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Deployment requirements 25

Fixed IP network addresses

You must provision fixed IP addresses for the following servers:

•

The TFTP server stores the configuration file and the firmware that are available to the DAPs. After a DAP starts up, the DHCP server sends the DAP the IP address of the TFTP server. The DAP then downloads the configuration files from the TFTP server. The TFTP server often runs on the DAP controller or manager PC.

• The DHCP server (optional) sends the address of the DNS server to

the DAP. The DAP does not support Domain Name Resolution.

• The DAP controller or manager requires a fixed IP address. The DAPs

retrieve this fixed IP address from the configuration file that the DAP loads from the TFTP server.

• The IP address of the PABX is reachable either through a router or

directly. The PABX is sometimes referred to as Gatekeeper or SIP proxy, depending on the type of PABX that is used.

To facilitate network management, Nortel recommends that fixed IP addresses are also assigned by the DHCP server. Ensure that the DHCP server has the hardware MAC addresses of all servers to issue the proper (fixed) IP addresses to each individual server.

The DAP IP address can be stored in flash memory. If the IP address is stored, the DHCP server is needed only for the first startup. Then an IP address is assigned to the DAP.

Dynamic IP network addresses

Network stations, which are not servers (PC workstations and DAPs), can use dynamic IP addresses assigned by DHCP. For dynamic IP addresses, you need not specify the MAC addresses of all the network stations in the DHCP server.

Ensure that you configure the DHCP server to assign IP addresses from a specific range to unknown MAC addresses. However, unknown LAN stations have valid IP addresses, which can be a minor network security issue. To solve this, use the Vendor Class Identification (VCI) in the DHCP server. The DHCP server issues IP addresses only to devices that have the DAP VCI. Ensure that the DHCP server can make a distinction in VCIs. The DAP VCI is D(ECT)AP 49.

ATTENTION

For SIPN configurations, ensure that a static IP address is issued to the DAP selected as the DAP Redirect Server. For more information, see “Adding

Gateway Endpoint for DAP redirect server” (page 136).

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

26 Site planning and hardware deployment

Each DAP in a SIP DECT system is assigned a dynamic IP addresses by the DHCP server. You can configure the DAPs to store the IP address in flash memory, so the DHCP server is required only during the initial configuration of the system.

Multicast addresses

SIP DECT uses Multicast addresses for the following functions:

•

Communication between the SIP DECT network components to locate or address a handset. If a handset must be reached, the request must simultaneously go to all DAPs. For example, if you use the page function during an incoming call, a single multicast message is sent to all DAPs to find the DAP for your handset quickly and efficiently.

•

Seamless handover from one DAP to the other If inter-cell handover is necessary, the media path must be redirected from the existing DAP to another DAP. The handset always initiates a handover. The handset sends request to another DAP (not the DAP with the current connection). This DAP issues a multicast on the network to determine on which DAP the voice connection exists. The DAP, with the existing voice connection, responds and then the connection can be redirected from the DAP with the existing voice connection to the new DAP.

•

Synchronization between DAPs You must configure multicast before synchronization can occur between DAPs in the SIP DECT system.

All network components must support forwarding of IP multicast packages. The IP DECT Configurator proposes a default multicast IP address (239.192.49.49). This is a multicast address in the private multicast IP address range for use in private IP networks. If you are not sure you can access this address, contact the local IT manager.

ATTENTION

You must disable IGMP Snooping and Spanning Tree Protocol on switch ports where SIP DECT equipment is connected.

Location requirements

Comply with the following requirements for DAP location:

• Ensure that the location complies with local electrical codes.

• Install DAPs indoors where no condensation occurs and the

temperature remains within the range of 0

• Install DAPs in a vertical position. The radiation pattern differs between

the horizontal and vertical positions.



Cto40C.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Deployment requirements 27

• Do not mount a DAP to a metal surface.

• Do not roll up the extra cabling behind a DAP.

• Position DAPs upright on walls. DAPs must be at least 30 cm from the

ceiling.

• Position DAPs at least 1 meter (m) from large concrete or stone

columns and from major building structural members such as support beams or columns.

•

Position the DAPs high enough to clear obstructions between the DAPs and the cell edge close to the ceiling.

• Mount the DAPs clear of obstacles such as pipes or ducts.

To install the DAPs outdoors, see “External housing installation” (page

275).

DAP power configuration

DAPs are powered using one of the following methods:

•

Locally using an RJ-11 connector. The AC voltage must be 40V (+ or

--10 percent). Use an AC adaptor that provides at least 10 Watts. For part numbers of available AC adaptors, see Table 1 "Part numbers"

(page 27).

Table 1 Part numbers

NTCW28AAE5 N0162030 DAP AC/AC adaptor Eur NTCW28BAE5 N0162032 DAP AC/AC adaptor UK NTCW28CAE5 N0162033 DAP AC/AC adaptor ANZ

•

Through Power over Ethernet (PoE) as defined by IEEE802.3af specifications. The DAPs support both phantom power and power over spare wires. The following specifications apply to PoE power.

— Minimum 36 Volts and maximum 60 Volts of voltage at the DAP —

Standard RJ-45 connector, using the spare wires pins (wires)

— Maximum cable length of 100 meters

Both phantom power and power over spare wires are provisioned on the same DAP to provide system redundancy. The power input providing the highest voltage is active. If one power input fails, the other takes over without service interruption.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

28 Site planning and hardware deployment

Types of SIP DECT conﬁguration

You can implement SIP DECT in various system configurations to accommodate your needs. The most common SIP DECT configurations are as follows:

•

Basic (or Simple) Configuration

• Routed Head Quarter Configuration

•

Branch Office Configuration

• Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office

• Multi Site Mobility Network Configuration

Basic (or Simple) Configuration

•

In Basic Configuration all DAPs are in the same subnet that is based on one or more IP switches. IP multicast must be able to occur between all DAPs. The configuration supports seamless handover between all DAPs. For an illustration of a simple SIP DECT configuration, see Figure 5 "Simple SIP DECT network configuration"

(page 28).

Figure 5 Simple SIP DECT network configuration

• Routed Head Quarter configuration

Routed Head Quarter Configuration is used for a Large Campus network that is split into several subnets. In this configuration DAPs belong to various subnets and behave as one large SIP DECT system with the full support of seamless handover. IP multicast must be able to occur between all DAPs in the Campus network, through IP switches and the IP routers that connect the various subnets. For an illustration

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

of a Routed Head Quarter configuration, see Figure 6 "SIP DECT

configuration Routed Head Quarter" (page 29).

Figure 6 SIP DECT configuration Routed Head Quarter

Types of SIP DECT configuration 29

In Routed Head Quarter Configuration network settings must comply with the following requirements:

— The network must support Quality of Service (QoS) and IP

connectivity throughout the Campus.

— Routers must support IP multicast routing. — The IP multicast address for SIP DECT must be the same in all

subnets.

— Multicast Time to live (TTL) must be greater than 1. — In the SIP DECT configuration, you must use an “aggregated”

subnet mask that covers all the subnets where DAPs are present. For instance, if each subnet is defined by mask 255.255.255.0, then “aggregated” mask 255.255.248.0 covers up to four such subnets.

• Branch Office Configuration

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

30 Site planning and hardware deployment

Branch Office Configuration is used for a Large Campus network that is split into various (geographical) segments (branch offices). IP multicast must be able to occur between all DAPs in every branch office and no IP multicast is allowed between any two branch offices. In this configuration, each branch office behaves as an isolated site of a large SIP DECT system. Branch Office configuration supports seamless handover within each isolated site (branch office), but not between sites. Support is unavailable for roaming between branch offices. For an illustration of a Branch Office Configuration, see Figure

7 "Branch Office Configuration" (page 30).

Figure 7 Branch Office Configuration

For Branch Office Configuration, network settings must comply with the following requirements:

— The network between Branch Offices and Call Server must support

QoS.

— Branch Offices must be in separate subnets (IP router(s) needed). — DAPs in various Branch Offices must be located so that no

synchronization can occur between any two DAPs belonging to various Branch Offices.

— Routers must block IP multicast between Branch Offices (multicast

TTL = 1, which means that IP multicast packets do not cross IP routers).

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Types of SIP DECT configuration 31

• Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office

Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office makes it possible to create a Routed Head Quarter Configuration in one (and only one) the branch office. Within the Branch Office with Routed Head Quarter, DAPs belong to various subnets and behave as a single site of one SIP DECT system with the full support of seamless handover. As for the whole SIP DECT system, each Branch Office (including the Branch Office with Routed Head Quarter) behaves as isolated site of that SIP DECT system. Branch Office configuration supports seamless handover within each isolated site (branch office), but not between sites. Support is unavailable for roaming between branch offices.

Figure 8 Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office

In Routed Head Quarter Configuration with Branch Office the network settings must comply with the requirements for Routed Head Quarter configuration (for the network settings within Routed Head Quarter) and with the requirements for Branch Office configurations (for the network settings between Branch Offices, including the Branch Office with Routed Head Quarter).

• Multi Site Mobility Network Configuration

Multi Site Mobility Network (MSMN) Configuration makes it possible to use portable DECT handsets on various MCDN nodes where each node is a CS 1000 system plus the corresponding SIP DECT system. MSMN allows roaming between independent SIP DECT systems installed on separate Call Servers (connected by trunks). Handover between independent SIP DECT systems is not possible.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

32 Site planning and hardware deployment

A SIP DECT system on an individual MCDN node can be any of the previously described configurations: Basic (Simple), Routed Head Quarter, Branch Office, or Routed Head Quarter with Branch Office.

Site planning

Site planning is an information gathering process that begins with a site survey and ends with deploying SIP DECT. The information received in the site survey determines customer requirements and the number of cells required to support traffic.

You can use the Location builder tool (a part of the DAP controller software package) to plan your site. For more information, see “Location

builder tool” (page 247).

Site survey

• Site maps

Site maps are an essential requirement in advance of a survey. A map of the complete site (if more than one building) and plans of each floor of each building are required. Make sure that dimensions are clearly stated on the maps. Additional information such as the use of buildings (office, hotel, factory, store), construction materials (walls, floors, ceilings), and cabling infrastructure are helpful in estimating DAP positions in advance.

• Number of users (handsets)

Number of users (handsets), both initial and foreseeable growth, and areas of above average and below average traffic density.

•

Allowed and prohibited DAP positions A customer can prohibit the installation of DAPs in certain areas, or

require that DAPs be installed out of sight.

•

Details of required coverage Determine to what areas coverage must extend; for example:

elevators, stairwells, toilets, outdoor areas.

• Position of the DECT System and available cabling

Ensure that you can use existing cabling for the connection between the DECT System, and that the DAP cables meet or exceed the UTP Cat 5 standard. If the type and quality of the available cabling is not sufficient for the connection and limits the maximum distance between the DAP and DECT System, you may require new cabling.

• Sensitive electronic equipment

Check whether sensitive electronic equipment is present, for example, laboratory or medical equipment. Although the transmitted power of

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

the DAPs is low (about 250 mW), it can interfere with some sensitive electronic equipment.

•

Traffic information Gather information about user density, amount of traffic, and whether

redundancy is required. You require this information to determine the number of DAPs that are required and therefore the required cabling.

A DAP must always have at least one channel free to allow handover (either intracell or intercell handover). Make sure that the maximum expected traffic density is not more than 11 channels simultaneously.

For more information, see “Site survey example” (page 257).

Speech quality

A relationship always exists between coverage and speech quality. The greater the distance between the handset and the DAP, the lower the quality. Therefore, you must understand the relationship between the coverage and the expected voice quality. For an illustration of the relationship between coverage and voice quality in an open environment, see Figure 9 "Coverage and speech quality in an open environment."

(page 33).

Site planning 33

Figure 9 Coverage and speech quality in an open environment.

Be aware that DECT is a digital communication system. It incorporates a “transmission errors hiding” system. This means that it tries to hide the transmission errors. The results of this mechanism are as follows:

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

34 Site planning and hardware deployment

• A small incidental transmission error is not noticeable in speech.

• A minor transmission error causes audible clicks during speech.

• A major transmission error causes the loss of speech.

The following factors effects the voice quality as well:

• Moving speed

The DECT techniques allow a maximum moving speed of 5 kilometers per hour (km/h). Bear this in mind if your DECT system must cover an elevator.

•

Metal Construction In metal structures, reflection can negatively impact voice quality (clicks

and interruptions can occur) even if you are close to the DAP. This

effect is made worse when the handset is in motion. For more information see “Coverage calculation” (page 35). The required quality depends on the customer requirements and the

environment. The following are the various quality levels:

•

Excellent and good

In business, office, and first aid environments, the excellent and good

voice quality is required to avoid dropped calls, inherent sounds, or

pauses in important conversations. Any sounds produced by a lower

quality level noticed by the system users, because these environments

are usually quiet or produce less background noise.

•

Satisfactory

In less critical areas like basements, stock rooms, and cold stores, the

satisfactory quality level is usually accepted because they are noisy

environments. In a noisy environment people do not notice an audible

click in a conversation, because the environment produces a lot of

background noise. This environmental background noise may also

contain audible clicks. Sometimes, the voice of a user is less audible to

the other user listening at the other end of the conversation because

of the background noise. Use the following points as general guidelines:

• A maximum of 20 percent of the whole coverage is considered as

satisfactory.

• Install a hard-wired emergency telephone in those areas where the

quality is satisfactory. This ensures that people can always make a call

in case of an emergency.

• If you agree with the customer on lower speech quality, then make

sure that this is well documented and signed by the customer. If

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

the customer becomes dissatisfied afterwards, you can refer to the

agreement. Also, be aware that, if the speech quality is low in certain

areas, the customer may perceive that you delivered a low-quality

system.

•

If a lower voice quality level is acceptable, ensure that all calls are

received and dropped calls are avoided.

Coverage calculation

The coverage can be calculated in advance, before executing a site survey. Calculation is based on the following theory.

The transmission path between the DAP and the handset is subject to radio-propagation related peculiarities, such as:

• Dynamically changing environment

•

Signal attenuation due to fixed and moving objects

•

Multi-path propagation of the signal

Site planning 35

The signal from the transmitter is attenuated in the link before it arrives at the receiver. The link consists of a transmission path through the air and through obstacles such as walls. The air and the obstacles cause attenuation called insertion loss. The following table shows typical insertion losses for some obstacles.

Table 2 Typical insertion losses of some obstacles

Material Insertion loss (dB)

Glass Glass, metal reinforced grid Glass, metal clad sunguard Wall, indoor, plaster, wood Wall, brick, 10 cm Wall concrete, 10 cm Wall concrete, 15 cm Wall concrete, 20 cm, large windows Wall concrete, 40 cm Ceiling, concrete, reinforced, tiles

2 10 10

3.5 6 9 6

17-20

With the DECT equipment, the available link budget is 38 dB. This is the maximum allowed loss in the link, under constraints of excellent and good speech quality and the ability for the user to move.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

36 Site planning and hardware deployment

To calculate the distance between DAP and handset, use the information in Figure 10 "DECT range calculation chart" (page 36).

Using the building map, start at the possible DAP location. Move away from the DAP location. Calculate the distance. When you encounter an obstacle, calculate the insertion loss. Using the chart below, start in the lower left corner (0,0), move horizontally, to the value for the actual distance. Move vertically to the value for the insertion loss of the encountered obstacle. If the curve in the chart is crossed, read the maximum distance for that specific DAP in that situation. This gives the cell size in that specific direction. Ensure that outside the calculated range communication is possible but a good voice quality is no longer guaranteed.

Figure 10 DECT range calculation chart

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Site planning 37

The range in the air is 80 m from the DAP, for optimal communication quality. The result of this coverage calculation is a map with possible DAP positions indicated.

Use the following DAP ranges as a rough guide for planning the DAP positions:

• In the line of sights the DAP has a range of approximately 80 m.

• In halls the DAP has a range less than 80 m.

•

In buildings the DAP has a range of 15 to 40 m. This is based on the assumption that walls are made of light brick, plasterboard or wallboard with metal frames. Normal electrical wiring, central heating pipes, office furniture and desktop computer equipment have no significant effect. Ensure that you consider the signal shadowing effect of stairways, lift shafts, and shielded rooms.

The following items cause shadowing of the radio signal:

•

Thick walls, especially cavity walls and reinforced concrete walls.

•

Windows or glass in doors with steel wire reinforcement or metallic reflection film.

•

Steel doors, partitions, or walls.

•

Fire resistant doors.

•

A wall of steel cabinets, large computer equipment or machinery.

•

Thick concrete floors.

During the site survey, be aware of the following:

•

Choose a corridor or other large open space rather than an enclosed area so that the radio signal passes through as few walls as possible to reach as large an area as possible.

• Radio reception inside a vehicle is poor unless the user is close to the

DAP.

• Ensure that the DAP is placed high enough to be unaffected by

surrounding objects. For example, a DAP in a car park needs to be placed higher than a vehicle that is parked next to it.

• Ensure that DAPs are separated by at least 1 meter.

• The presence of another unsynchronised DECT System, or any similar

system in adjacent buildings, causes interference.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

38 Site planning and hardware deployment

• A DAP or a handset interferes with sensitive laboratory equipment

and medical equipment (for example, ensure that DAPs are installed outside of an operating room at an hospital.)

•

Ensure that significant interference from unsuppressed engines or electric motors is accounted for.

Trafﬁc density calculations

Perform the traffic density calculations so that you have a low blocking probability in the system.

For traffic calculations, you must know

• the number of users

•

the type of users

The following table lists the three user types.

Table 3 Three user types

Traffic Application Erlang/User

Average Executive and secretary

The Erlang value for DAP C4710 and C4710E (12 radio channels), with blocking probability of 0.5%, is 5.25.

Calculate the traffic density using the following formula:

One cell has 20 users: five average traffic and 15 low traffic. The load is: (5 x 0.15) + (15 x 0.05) = 1.5 Erlang

Therefore, one 12 channel DAP is sufficient for this cell.

System deployment

This section describes the basics of SIP DECT system deployment.

Low normal offices

groups

High help desks, Tele-services

0.05

0.1-0.15

0.2-0.25

DECT Deployment Kit 2

The DECT Deployment Tool (deployment tool) determines cell centers and cell boundaries.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

SIP DECT Fundamentals

System deployment 39

The DECT Deployment Kit 2 is shown in Figure 11 "Deployment Kit 2 and

carrying case" (page 39). For more information about the deployment kit,

see the DeTeWe User Manual that accompanies each kit.

ATTENTION

If you use an older deployment tool that differs from the one in the following figure , see “Deployment tool” (page 263).

Figure 11 Deployment Kit 2 and carrying case

The following figures shows the assembled kit.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

40 Site planning and hardware deployment

Figure 12 Assembled Deployment Kit 2 and DeTeWe handsets

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Figure 13 Deployment Kit 2 basestation

System deployment 41

Use the following information in conjunction with the DeTeWe User Manual that accompanies the deployment tool.

• The two DeTeWe handsets with the kit are subscribed to the

basestation and are numbered 13 and 15. To view the assembled basestation and the DeTeWe handsets, see Figure 12 "Assembled

Deployment Kit 2 and DeTeWe handsets" (page 40).

• The key on the handset is the Off-Hook key.

•

To enter Site Survey Mode on the handset, perform the following procedure.

Access site survey mode.

Procedure 1 Entering the site survey mode

Step Action 1 Press Menu.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

42 Site planning and hardware deployment

2 Scroll down to System

3 Dial ***76#. 4 Scroll down to Site Survey. 5 Press OK. 6 Use the handset to detect frame errors and signal strength.

The Frame Error value for the handset is the number of detected Sync/ACRC errors within the last 100 receiving frames, for example, 1 second. For proper deployment, ensure the Frame Error value does not exceed 4. An Radio Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) value of –80 dBm to –85 dBm is used to indicate the cell boundary. For more information, see “Signal strength and frame errors” (page 22).

• Subscribe a handset that has de-subscribed in error.

Procedure 2 Re-subscribing a handset

--End--

Step Action 1 Long-press the button on the basestation to open the DECT

system.

2 On the handset, navigate to Menu > System > Subscription >

New.

3 Enter the PARK number provided at the bottom of the

basestation.

4 Enter the authorization code (the last four digits of the serial

number at the bottom of the basestation).

--End--

Deployment terms

The following table lists terms associated with deployment.

Table 4 Deployment terms

Term Definition

Estimated number of handsets The average number of handsets expected in a

particular cell.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 43

Table 4 Deployment terms (cont’d.)

Term Definition

Cell The coverage area provided by a basestation. Cell boundary The edge of a cell showing the cell coverage

area.

Cell center The place where all the basestations are

installed.

DECT Radio Deployment Tool The tool used to determine the radio range of a

basestation.

Critical point A point or location defined as an outer corner of

a coverage area, or points that can be difficult for the radio signal to reach.

Coverage area The area defined by the customer in which a

handset user can expect to be able to make and receive calls.

Link If a handset and a basestation are in radio

communication with each other.

Range The distance from a cell center to the cell

boundary.

Office The location where a handset user spends the

majority of the day.

Traffic table Traffic tables record site traffic information from

the floor plan and the customer. The traffic table helps to determine the required number of basestations for each cell.

The following figure illustrates some of the preceding terms.

Figure 14 Example showing deployment terms

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

44 Site planning and hardware deployment

Deploying on a single ﬂoor

Use the information in this section when you are installing SIP DECT on a single floor.

Identify critical points when installing on a single floor.

Procedure 3 Identifying critical points on the ﬂoor

Step Action 1 Mark critical points.

A critical point is a place that can be difficult for the radio signal to reach, such as a corner of a room, lifts, and stairwells. Initial critical points are shown in Figure 15 "Example of initial critical

points" (page 44) as: P1, P2, P3, P5, P6 and P7.

Figure 15 Example of initial critical points

--End--

A specific RSSI value on the handset defines the cell boundary range. Links can be made outside the cell boundary but the audio quality of the link is poor. The link drops if the handset and the basestation are too far apart.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 45

As shown in Figure 16 "Cell boundary terminology" (page 45), the cell boundary is the farthest point from the cell center where a clear radio signal can be heard.

Determine the range from the cell center to the cell boundary, or the distance to a potential cell center from a critical point, by using the cell boundary value and the deployment tool.

ATTENTION

Close all doors, and hold the survey handset about 1.2 m above the ground.

Figure 16 Cell boundary terminology

Determine a cell boundary for the cell center by placing the deployment tool at the cell center and using the deployment handset to establish the cell boundary.

Mark the cell contour based on the most distant point.

Procedure 4 Demarcating the cell contour for the critical point farthest from the center of the full coverage area

Step Action 1 Set up the deployment tool basestation. Raise the deployment

tool basestation as high as possible, or until it is at the height recommended for basestations.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

46 Site planning and hardware deployment

2 Enter the site survey mode on the handset.

For more information, see Procedure 1 “Entering the site survey

mode” (page 41) if you use Deployment Kit 2, or Procedure 149 “Entering the monitor mode” (page 270) if you use an older

Deployment tool.

3 Measure the range into the coverage area in a few directions to

determine where a cell center can be located and still be within range of the critical point.

Listen to the deployment tool handset while moving away from the basestation. After the RSSI value changes from 7 to 6 (--80dBm to --85dBm), the cell boundary is detected.

For more information about deployment requirements, see“Radio

synchronization” (page 19).

4 Mark the cell boundary on the floor plan with a small x. 5 Repeat step 3 and step 4 until you have sufficient Xs to draw a

thin contour arc through the Xs. In Figure 17 "Cell contour of the initial critical point" (page 46),

P1 is the initial critical point.

Figure 17 Cell contour of the initial critical point

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 47

Procedure 5 Demarcating the cell contour of the closest adjacent critical point to the ﬁrst critical point.

Step Action 1 Repeat the described steps in Procedure 4 “Demarcating the cell

contour for the critical point farthest from the center of the full coverage area” (page 45) to mark the cell contour of the closest

adjacent critical point to the first critical point. In Figure 18 "Cell contour of the closest adjacent critical point

to the initial critical point" (page 47), P2 is the closest adjacent

critical point to the first critical point.

--End--

Figure 18 Cell contour of the closest adjacent critical point to the initial critical point

Locate the cell center.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

48 Site planning and hardware deployment

Procedure 6 Locating the cell center

Step Action 1 Place the deployment tool at one critical point and then use the

deployment handset to obtain a change in audio quality. The audio quality change determines the cell boundary contour.

2 Repeat step 1 at an adjacent critical point. The call center is

where the cell boundaries of both critical points meet. Mark the cell center position on a floor plan.

3 Use the cell contours to locate a cell center.

Locate the cell center where the cell contours meet. Choose a position on the floor plan that meets the following requirements:

•

is farthest from the critical points

• provides good audio quality at the critical point,

• complies with the requirements described in section

“Deployment requirements” (page 18)

•

is in the coverage area

Label the cell center on the floor plan with the following symbol. xCn, where x = the floor and n = is the cell number in sequence of the entire plan.

In Figure 19 "Example of a cell center" (page 49), IC1 is a cell center.

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Figure 19 Example of a cell center

System deployment 49

Mark the cell boundary.

Procedure 7 Demarcating a cell boundary

Step Action 1 Set up the deployment tool basestation at the cell center.

2 Enter the site survey mode on the handset.

For more information, see Procedure 1 “Entering the site survey

mode” (page 41) if you use Deployment Kit 2, or Procedure 149 “Entering the monitor mode” (page 270) if you use an older

Deployment tool.

3 See the floor plan and check audio quality in user offices

within the cell. If a user office is in a zone where audio quality deteriorates, relocate the cell center closer to the critical point or the office.

4 Walk into all the areas (rooms) necessary to mark the complete

cell boundary. Radio signals travel further in uncluttered areas than in cluttered areas. Record the cell boundary.

5 Find the cell boundary by measuring the range and marking it

on the floor plan with a small x. Repeat steps Step 3 and Step

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

50 Site planning and hardware deployment

4 until there you have sufficient Xs so you can draw a contour

arc around the cell center. For an example of a cell boundary, see Figure 20 "Example of a

cell center boundary" (page 50).

Figure 20 Example of a cell center boundary

--End--

Mark and label the cell boundary.

Procedure 8 Marking and labeling the cell boundary on the ﬂoor plan

Step Action 1 Mark each office within the cell that is isolated from the office

area.

2 Label subsequent critical points on the floor plan with the

following symbol.

3 Mark the cell contour on the floor plan by tracing a contour line

through the Xs with a marker.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 51

4 Trace the cell boundaries and cell centers with colored markers.

--End--

Identify new critical points.

Procedure 9 Identifying new critical points

Step Action 1 Identify one new critical point slightly inside of where the cell

boundary meets the outside wall. In Figure 21 "Example of new critical points (P8 and P9)" (page

52), this new critical point is P9.

2 Identify another new critical point which is adjacent to the first

new critical point. Locate this critical point on the opposite side of the cell boundary

area. In Figure 21 "Example of new critical points (P8 and P9)" (page

52), the cell boundary area is IC1 and the new critical point is

P8.

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

52 Site planning and hardware deployment

Figure 21 Example of new critical points (P8 and P9)

Mark and label new critical points.

Procedure 10 Marking and labeling new critical points

Step Action 1 Mark and label these new critical points on the floor plan with the

following symbol.

For more information, see Procedure 8 “Marking and labeling the

cell boundary on the floor plan” (page 50).

--End--

Mark new cell contours and a new cell boundary.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Procedure 11 Demarcating new cell contours, a new center and a new cell boundary

Step Action 1 Using the critical points from Procedure 9 “Identifying new critical

points” (page 51), mark new cell contours, a new cell center and

a new cell boundary. For more information, see Procedure 4 “Demarcating the cell

contour for the critical point farthest from the center of the full coverage area” (page 45) to Procedure 7 “Demarcating a cell boundary” (page 49).

Cell contour arcs must pass near the cell boundary of adjacent cells. For an example, see Figure 22 "Example of deployment

for cell center 1C2" (page 53).

Figure 22 Example of deployment for cell center 1C2

System deployment 53

--End--

Mark cell contours, centers, and boundaries at the far end of the intended coverage area.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

54 Site planning and hardware deployment

Procedure 12 Demarcating additional cell contours, centers and boundaries at the far end of the building

Step Action 1 Repeat the procedures Procedure 3 “Identifying critical points

on the floor” (page 44) toProcedure 10 “Marking and labeling new critical points” (page 52) as necessary to mark new cell

boundaries at the other end of the building. In Figure 23

"Example of deployment for cells 1C3 and 1C4" (page 54), new

cells are formed around cell centers IC3 and IC4.

Figure 23 Example of deployment for cells 1C3 and 1C4

--End--

Identify new critical points.

Procedure 13 Identifying new critical points

Step Action 1 Mark critical points adjacent to a critical point and on the

opposite side of the cell boundary area. (critical point = P11 in

Figure 24 "Identify new critical points (P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17)" (page 55), where cell boundary area = IC2),

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

The critical points must be as follows.

2 Mark critical points inside of where the cell boundary meets the

outside wall (P12, P13, P14, and P15 in Figure 24 "Identify new

critical points (P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17)" (page 55),

and

3 Mark critical points where cell boundaries meet (P16 and P17 in

Figure 24 "Identify new critical points (P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17)" (page 55).

--End--

Figure 24 Identify new critical points (P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17)

System deployment 55

Mark additional cell boundaries and define the extent of the coverage area.

Procedure 14 Demarcate additional cell boundaries to cover all areas of the building

Step Action 1 Repeat the procedures Procedure 3 “Identifying critical points

on the floor” (page 44) to Procedure 10 “Marking and labeling new critical points” (page 52) as necessary to mark new cell

boundaries at the middle of the building.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

56 Site planning and hardware deployment

Critical points P11, P13 and P16 form the following:

• contours in Figure 25 "Contours formed by critical points P11,

P13, and P16" (page 56)

•

the cell center 1C5 in Figure 26 "Cell center 1C5 formed by

critical points P11, P13, and P16" (page 57)

•

a new cell boundary in Figure 27 "Cell boundary 1C5 formed

by critical points P11, P13, and P16" (page 57)

Critical points P11, P12, and P17 form the following:

• contours in Figure 28 "Example of critical point cell

boundaries" (page 58)

• a new boundary based on cell center 1C6 in Figure 29

"Example of cell center boundary 1C6" (page 58)

Figure 25 "Contours formed by critical points P11, P13, and P16" (page 56) shows a floor plan with complete radio coverage. Cell

boundary 1C7 completes the floor plan.

--End--

Figure 25 Contours formed by critical points P11, P13, and P16

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Figure 26 Cell center 1C5 formed by critical points P11, P13, and P16

System deployment 57

Figure 27 Cell boundary 1C5 formed by critical points P11, P13, and P16

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

58 Site planning and hardware deployment

Figure 28 Example of critical point cell boundaries

Figure 29 Example of cell center boundary 1C6

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Deploying on multiple ﬂoors

Use the information in this section to deploy SIP DECT in the following situations.

• The coverage area is on more than one floor.

• The floors are not adjacent.

Checking for through-the-floor coverage

The first step in covering a multi-floor building is to assess the availability of through-the-floor coverage. In buildings mainly constructed of wood, you can use through-the-floor coverage. However, due to the construction of most modern buildings with raised floors, high metal content, and reinforced concrete, through-the-floor coverage with DECT is limited.

Procedure 15 Checking for through-the-ﬂoor coverage

Step Action

System deployment 59

1 Place the deployment tool in a middle floor of the site. 2 Go to the floor above the deployment tool and enter the site

survey mode on the handset. For more information, see Procedure 1 “Entering the site survey

mode” (page 41) if you use Deployment Kit 2, or Procedure 149 “Entering the monitor mode” (page 270) if you use an older

Deployment tool.

3 Measure the deployment contour as if the basestation was on

this floor, instead of the floor below. If only a small area is covered (less than a 10 metre radius), no

through-the-floor coverage is available on the floor above an installed basestation.

4 Go to the floor below the deployment tool and repeat the

preceding process. If only a small area is covered (less than a 10 metre radius), no

through-the-floor coverage is available on the floor below an installed basestation.

5 If there is no through-the-floor coverage or coverage is restricted

to a small area, deploy each floor using critical points, or if the floors have similar floor plans, you can use the same deployment plan on each floor.

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

60 Site planning and hardware deployment

Assess floor layout

The deployment procedure changes according to the similarities and differences of the floors.

• All floors have the same layout.

To begin a multi-floor deployment if all floors have the same layout, deploy one floor and enter the data on the floor plan. Use the data from the deployed floor for other identical floors.

For example, if the second floor of an office tower is laid out with cubicle style offices with a perimeter of enclosed offices, and the third floor is laid out in the same manner, both floors can have the same installation profile for basestations.

• All floors do not have the same layout.

If the floor plan varies from floor to floor, use the critical point method to deploy each distinct floor. For more information, see “Prepare the

tool for deployment” (page 264).

Do not underestimate the importance of changes in floor layout. Simple changes in a room from a meeting room to a storage room can have significant impact on the coverage from a basestation.

Multi floor coverage situations

The following situations require multi-floor coverage.

•

“Atriums” (page 60)

•

“High rise buildings” (page 61)

•

“Unusual conditions” (page 61)

Atriums Cells in an atrium, as shown in Figure 30 "An atrium" (page

61), are usually larger than the cells of the remainder of the building. Use

the information in this section as a guide help you to plan an atrium. No precise steps to follow when you deploy an atrium, but you must consider several points. For more information, see “Unusual conditions” (page 61) .

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Figure 30 An atrium

System deployment 61

Consider the following points to deploy in an atrium:

• Plan atriums to the full height.

• Plan an atrium as one full size room, not floor by floor.

• Place cell centers within an atrium only if you intend for them to cover

the atrium.

• Do not place cell centers in an atrium if you intend for them to serve

adjacent areas.

• To serve adjacent areas, place the cell centers into these areas.

• Deploy the atrium first if the atrium is more than one-third the size of

the building, or more than one cell in size.

• If cell centers in adjacent dense areas serve one floor of an atrium,

verify the coverage of the cell on all of the floors that meet with the atrium.

High rise buildings Deploy a high rise building as an unusual type of multi-floor deployment.

Test through-the-floor coverage first. If there is no through-the-floor coverage, deploy each floor. Repeat the deployment for all floors with the same layout. In all other cases deploy floor by floor. You must deploy a floor with many meeting rooms deploys differently from how you deploy an area with cubicles.

Unusual conditions No precise steps exist to follow when you deploy in unusual condition, but you must consider several points.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

62 Site planning and hardware deployment

To plan an unusual condition, consider the following situations.

•

“Cell centers are too close” (page 62)

•

“Cell centers are too far apart” (page 62)

•

“Too many cell centers” (page 63)

Cell centers are too close If you deploy cell centers less than 10 metres apart, the handsets can initiate unnecessary handover. Unnecessary handover results in excessive internal messaging and degraded speech quality.

Cell centers are too far apart If you deploy cell centers too far apart, the edge of a cell does not overlap the coverage from another cell.

Cell centers must be within the edge of other cell centers to provide satisfactory overlap.

Overlap can be difficult to achieve where coverage is received from the floor above or the floor below. Internal structures can cause overlap deficiencies.

Place cell centers within the cell boundary, as indicated by the deployment tool.

The installation of basestations in places other than the location shown on the plan can cause coverage problems; for example, if the basestation is mounted on the opposite side of a wall from its planned location.

Consider the following for basestation locations.

•

Choose locations where you can easily mount basestations.

•

Install basestations as close as possible to planned locations.

•

Follow safety codes, and be aware aesthetics.

• Allow sufficient access to install basestations.

• Provide clear installation instructions.

• Test the coverage during post-deployment checks.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Too many cell centers The primary concern with deploying too many cell centers is cost. To deploy the correct number of cell centers and minimize cost, perform the following steps:

• Verify the coverage and traffic volume before you add additional cells.

• Remove a cell served by other cells unless it is required for high

handset density.

•

Verify the coverage area of each cell.

• Verify that at least one area that each cell serves is not served by

another cell.

In the example in Figure 31 "Locating redundant cells" (page 63), cell 1C3 is redundant unless required for high handset density.

Figure 31 Locating redundant cells

System deployment 63

Reengineer cells for high trafﬁc areas

To accommodate the demand in high traffic areas, follow “The cell

reengineering process” (page 64).

Traffic volume

The deployment process ensures coverage throughout the service area. It does not, however, take into account the effect of traffic. To support the volume of telephone calls in cells that carry high traffic, you must increase the number of cells deployed.

The calculation of expected telephone traffic includes an allowance for the user population in a cell and for the roaming user.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

64 Site planning and hardware deployment

The cell reengineering process

The following sections describe the reengineering process.

•

“Estimating traffic within a cell” (page 64)

•

“Separating the coverage area and recording the number of offices”

(page 65)

•

“Creating an estimate table” (page 65)

•

“Calculating the number of users inside the cell with an office” (page

66)

•

“Calculating the number of users with an office outside the cell who

walk into the cell” (page 67)

•

“Calculating the number of users without an office” (page 68)

•

“Totalling the estimate for users in a cell” (page 69)

•

“Calculating the data for all remaining cells” (page 70)

•

“Creating a table to document telephone types in a cell” (page 71)

•

“Determining cell reengineering” (page 71)

Estimating traffic within a cell To adjust the number of users supported by the system, you can modify the deployment procedures you followed in

“Deploying on a single floor” (page 44) or “Deploying on multiple floors” (page 59). Perform the following three steps to estimate traffic within a cell:

•

Determine the number of handset users with an office within each cell.

•

Determine how many users have wired phones.

•

Determine how many users without an office are normally in each cell.

Some users have both wired and handset phones; other users rely on handsets only.

Re-engineered cells for high traffic areas are represented by an adjusted estimate for the two groups: handset and wireless, and handset only. Use the adjusted estimate to determine whether the cell sizes can handle the telephone traffic.

If the traffic-handling capacity of the cells is not adequate, use 12-channel basestations and subdivide them into smaller cells to ensure the traffic is handled properly according to the instructions.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Figure 32 Example of dividing the coverage area and recording offices

System deployment 65

Procedure 16 Separating the coverage area and record the number of ofﬁces

Step Action 1 Divide the floor plan into cell areas.

Mark the cell areas on the floor plan, one area for each cell, and split cell overlap areas in half, as shown in Figure 32 "Example

of dividing the coverage area and recording offices" (page 65) as

heavy dotted lines.

2 Count the number of user offices in each cell area. 3 Record the number of user offices on the floor plan in each cell

area.

--End--

Creating an estimate table Use the following table to estimate the

number of handset users for each cell.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

66 Site planning and hardware deployment

Table 5 Estimate users in a cell

Estimate for:

Users inside the cell with an office

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

Users without an office

Users in a cell

1C1 1C2 1C3 1Cn

Procedure 17 Creating an estimate table

Step Action 1 Make an estimate table.

Include a column for each cell center.

2 Label the rows as shown in Table 5 "Estimate users in a cell"

(page 66).

3 Label each column heading with the cell center indicator.

Use this table to determine how many times to subdivide each cell to carry the handset telephone traffic.

--End--

Table 6 Example of the table first row calculation

Estimate for: 1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

Users inside the cell with an office

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

8.4

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 67

Table 6 Example of the table first row calculation (cont’d.)

Estimate for: 1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

Users without an office

Users in a cell

Procedure 18 Calculating the number of users inside the cell with an ofﬁce

Step Action 1 Estimate the number of users in the first cell with an office.

Use the formula: (users with an office in the cell × 0.7)

2 Enter the result in the row Users inside the cell with an office.

In the example in Figure 32 "Example of dividing the coverage

area and recording offices" (page 65), 12 users in cell 1C1 spend

70 percent of their time in their offices (12 × 0.7 = 8.4) .

Calculating the number of users inside the cell with an office Traffic engineering demonstrates that handset users with an office spend 70 percent of their time within their home cell.

Table 7 Example of the table second row calculation

Estimate for:

Users inside the cell with an office

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

8.4

3.2

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

68 Site planning and hardware deployment

Estimate for:

Users without an office

Users in a cell

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

Procedure 19 Calculating the number of users with an ofﬁce outside the cell who walk into the cell

Step Action 1 Estimate the number of users in the first cell with an office

outside of the cell who walk into the cell.

2 Use the following formula:

3 Enter the result in the row Users with an office outside the cell

who walk into the cell. The example in Figure 32 "Example of dividing the coverage

area and recording offices" (page 65), shows 75 telephone

users, minus the 12 users already in cell 1C1. Therefore, 63 users can walk into cell 1C1. However, the 63 walk-in users spend only 30 percent of their time outside their offices. Seven cells exist on the floor plan minus cell 1C1. Accordingly, an estimate of 3.2 walk-in users can be in cell 1C1.

Table 8 Example of the table third row calculation

Estimate for:

Users inside the cell with an office

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

8.4

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Table 8 Example of the table third row calculation (cont’d.)

System deployment 69

Estimate for:

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

Users without an office

Users in a cell

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

3.2

Procedure 20 Calculating the number of users without an ofﬁce

Step Action 1 Calculate the estimate for users in the first cell without an office.

Use the following formula:

2 Enter the result in the row Users without an office.

In the example shown in Figure 32 "Example of dividing the

coverage area and recording offices" (page 65), no users are

without an office.

Table 9 Example of the table first column total

Estimate for:

Users inside the cell with an office

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

8.4

3.2

Nortel Communication Server 1000

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

--End--

SIP DECT Fundamentals

70 Site planning and hardware deployment

Estimate for:

Users without an office Users in a cell

Procedure 21 Totalling the estimate for users in a cell

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

11.6

Step Action 1 Total the number of users in the first cell by adding the three

rows in the first column.

2 Enter the result in the bottom row users in a cell.

For the example in Figure 32 "Example of dividing the coverage

area and recording offices" (page 65), the 1C1 handset estimate

equals 11.6.

8.4 + 3.2 + 0 = 11.6.

Table 10 Example of a completed estimate table

--End--

Estimate for:

Users inside the cell with an office

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

Users without an office Users in a cell

Procedure 22 Calculating the data for all remaining cells

Step Action 1 Repeat the previous four procedures to calculate the remaining

2 Enter the result in the estimate table.

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

8.4 0.7 21.0 14.7 0.7 4.9 2.1

3.2 3.7 2.3 2.7 3.7 3.4 3.6

0000000

11.6 4.4 23.3 17.7 4.4 8.3

5.7

user cell estimates.

The information in Figure 32 "Example of dividing the coverage

area and recording offices" (page 65), is entered into Table 10 "Example of a completed estimate table" (page 70). This

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Creating a table to document telephone types in a cell Use a table like Table 11 "Telephone types in a cell" (page 71) to record the various telephone types in each cell.

Table 11 Telephone types in a cell

System deployment 71

table shows the results of the calculations for cells that require reengineering.

--End--

Telephone type

User telephone types

Use the following symbols in each cell to denote the type of telephones in use in the cell.

• H&W for a cell in which all the users have both wired and handsets

•

• M for a mix of H and H&W users

Procedure 23 Creating a table to document telephone types in a cell

Step Action 1 Make a Telephone types table.

2 Label the row User telephone types and include a column for

3 Label each column heading with the cell center indicator.

1C1 1C2 1C3 1Cn

(wireless phones). H for a cell in which users have only handsets (wireless phones).

each cell center.

Use the information in this table to determine the number of cells that require reengineering.

Table 12 Example of a completed estimate table

Estimate for:

Users inside the cell with an office

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

8.4 0.7 21.0 14.7 0.7 4.9 2.1

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

--End--

72 Site planning and hardware deployment

Estimate for:

Users with an office outside of a cell who walk into the cell

Users without an office Users in a cell

Table 13 Example of a completed telephone types table

Telephone type

User telephone types H&W H&W M M H&W H&W H&W

Table 14 Cell reengineering

Estimate for:

Users with both a

handset and a wired

telephone

From 0 up to 20 From 0 up to 12 Keep cell size as deployed. Greater than 20 Greater than 12 Subdivide the cellato meet the

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

3.2 3.7 2.3 2.7 3.7 3.4 3.6

0000000

11.6 4.4 23.3 17.7 4.4 8.3

1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1C5 1C6 1C7

Users with only a handset Action

preceding conditions.

5.7

a. For information about how to subdivide cells, see “High handset density deployment” (page 75).

Determining cell reengineering Use Table 14 "Cell reengineering"

(page 72) only for user types H&W and H. For user type M see “A mix of users with and without wired telephones in a cell” (page 73) .

Note:

Procedure 24 Determining cell reengineering

Step Action 1 Find the number of users for users in the first cell.

In the example shown in Table 12 "Example of a completed

estimate table" (page 71), the handset estimate is 11.6.

2 Determine the telephone types in the first cell.

In the example shown in Table 12 "Example of a completed

estimate table" (page 71), the telephone type is H&W.

3 Locate the telephone type column in Table 12 "Example of a

completed estimate table" (page 71).

In the example H&W is the users with both a handset and a wired telephone.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 73

4 Find the handset estimate range in Table 14 "Cell reengineering"

(page 72).

In the example, 11.6 falls within the From 0 up to 20 category.

5 Determine if a cell requires division or uses a 12-channel

basestation. In the example From 0 up to 20, division is not required.

6 Repeat the preceding steps to determine the required number of

cells that need subdivision, except for telephone types M. For M see “A mix of users with and without wired telephones in a cell”

(page 73) .

7 Transfer the results into the provisioning records.

--End--

Cell division requirements in special cases

This section describes how to determine cell division in the following special cases.

• where no office information is available.

•

where a mix of handset users exist with and without wired telephones

No office information If the location of the offices of users is not known, calculate the estimated number of handsets for each cell using this formula.

The formula is based on the assumption that users are located evenly throughout the cells. However, most users offices are clustered in specific areas of a building.

The formula has limitations as cells can vary in size. The method described starting on “The cell reengineering process” (page 64) provides accurate cell division results.

A mix of users with and without wired telephones in a cell Use this procedure for mixed handset users. Telephone traffic generated by handset users equates to that of handset and wired users. Combine the two groups for cell size recalculation.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

74 Site planning and hardware deployment

Table 15 Adjustment for users without wired telephones

Estimated number of handsets for users

without wired telephones

00 12 23 3 4 5 611 7 814

916 10 18 11 20 12 22 13 24 14 25 15 27

Adjusted estimated number of handsets for

each cell

5 7 9

16 29 17 31 18 34 19 36 20 38 21 40 22 42 23 44 24 46 25 48 26 49 27 50 28 53 29 30

55 57

31 60

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 75

Estimated number of handsets for users

without wired telephones

32 62 33 64 34 66 35 69 36 71 37 73 38 76 39 78 40 80

Procedure 25 Adjusting for users without wired telephones

Step Action 1 Count the number of user offices with handsets and wired

telephones (H&W), and record the number.

2 Count the number of user offices that have only wireless

handsets, (H).

Adjusted estimated number of handsets for

each cell

3 Use Table 15 "Adjustment for users without wired telephones"

(page 74) to determine the equivalent number of H&W users and

record this number.

4 Add the numbers received from steps 1 and 3 to determine and

adjust the value for the number of users with wired telephones.

5 Use the first column of Table 15 "Adjustment for users without

wired telephones" (page 74) to determine if you must resize if the

cell as described in “Determining cell reengineering” (page 71) .

--End--

High handset density deployment

The high handset density deployment includes limiting the expected number of handsets for each cell center.

Use the high handset density procedure if instructed to inTable 14 "Cell

reengineering" (page 72). Do not use more than one basestation for each

cell center. Limit the anticipated number of handsets Limit the number of

handsets you anticipate for each cell center to the limits shown in Table 14

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

76 Site planning and hardware deployment

"Cell reengineering" (page 72). Subdivide high handset density areas only.

If a cell falls into the category of a high density area, use Procedure 26

“High handset density deployment” (page 76) to subdivide the cell.

Subdivide a cell To subdivide the area for smaller cells, divide the cell into as many small cells as necessary to accommodate the number of users in the area.

ATTENTION

If you install two DAPs close to each other for extra traffic density, ensure the distance between the DAPs is always more than one meter and preferably more than 5 meters.

Figure 33 Example of a subdivided cell

In Figure 33 "Example of a subdivided cell" (page 76), cell 1C1 has 140 handset users and cell 1C2 has 100 handset users. For example, Table

14 "Cell reengineering" (page 72) indicates the following:

• If the handset users in cell 1C1 are all handset only users, one cell can

support 39 handset only users. Therefore, four cells are needed to support 140 users (140÷39 = 3.5 cells).

• If the handset users in cell 1C1 are handset and wired telephone

users, and one cell can support 83 users, two cells are needed to support 140 handset and wired telephone users (140 ÷ 83 = 1.6 cells).

Procedure 26 High handset density deployment

Step Action 1 Determine the number of handset users in the high-density

handset cell. Count the number of users. Include users served by

through-the-floor coverage of this cell.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

System deployment 77

2 Calculate the cell subdivisions as required.

Divide the number of users by the appropriate value (12 or 20) shown in Table 14 "Cell reengineering" (page 72). Round up the result to the next whole number. The result equals the number of cells required after subdividing the cell.

3 Divide the cell.

Draw lines from the cell center to the critical points on the cell boundary. InFigure 33 "Example of a subdivided cell" (page 76), the cell 1C1 is divided into four sectors and cell 1C2 is divided into three sectors.

4 Relocate new cell centers.

Mark new cell centers within the sectored areas.

5 Determine the number of handset users in the new cell areas. 6 Count the number of user offices within each smaller sector.

Ensure fewer user offices exist within the cell than the traffic limit.

7 Take the deployment tool to the locations calculated on the floor

plan. Ensure that there is a location that meets the requirements in “Deployment requirements” (page 18).

8 Ensure the new cells have complete coverage. 9 Use the deployment handset to check coverage. 10 Repeat the anticipated handsets for each cell calculation

to ensure that each smaller cell provides appropriate traffic coverage to the users in the area.

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

78 Site planning and hardware deployment

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Software requirements

Navigation

“Call server, signalling server, and SIP Line Gateway software” (page

•

79)

• “DAP controller software” (page 79)

Call server, signalling server, and SIP Line Gateway software

For information about Call Server 1000E and Signaling Server installation, see Communication Server 1000E Installation and Commissioning (NN43041-310). For more information about SIP Line Gateway application installation, see SIP Line Fundamentals (NN43001-508).

DAP controller software

This section contains the steps to configure the SIP DECT system. Before you can use SIP DECT, you must install and configure the following software on the DAP controller PC:

•

Microsoft Windows You can install any of the following operating systems on the DAP

controller or manager PC.

— Windows 2000 Professional or Windows 2000 Server Service Pack

4 (SP4)

— Windows 2003 Server SP1 or SP2 — Windows 2003 Release 2 — Windows XP Professional SP2

This document does not provide the steps you must follow to install the operating system. For information about installing Windows, see the documentation that accompanied the Windows software.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

80 Software requirements

If a firewall is installed on your DAP Controller PC, ensure the firewall does not block the ports used for various services. For information, see “Firewall protection” (page 80).

•

Internet Explorer 6.0 or later

• Internet Information Services (IIS)

For information about installing IIS, see “Internet information services”

(page 80).

•

DHCP and TFTP servers For information about installing DHCP and TFTP servers, see “DHCP

and TFTP servers” (page 87).

•

DAP Controller (IP DECT Configurator and DAP Manager) For information about installing the DAP Controller, see “DAP

Controller” (page 102).

Firewall protection

Both Windows XP Professional and Windows 2003 Server have built-in firewalls.

By default, the firewall under Windows XP Professional does not allow incoming access. However, the IP DECT Configurator can automatically change the firewall settings. Verify the firewall settings after installation.

If a third-party firewall program is installed on your DAP Controller PC, ensure the firewall does not block the ports used for the SIP DECT system. By default, some ports are defined in IP DECT Configurator.

The ports defined by default:

•

From 3000 to 22229--multicast

•

From 28000 to 28017--DAP Controller services

•

30160--CDA services

If you change default ports in the IP DECT Configurator, ensure that the firewall settings are updated correctly.

Internet information services

The DAP controller or manager runs as a service under Windows. Because the management interface is available through a Web interface, you must install the Web Server IIS.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 81

In Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP Professional and Windows 2003 Server, IIS is not automatically installed. The next sections describe how to install IIS for Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000 and Windows 2003.

Install and maintain IIS on Microsoft Windows 2000

Use the information in this section to install IIS on Windows 2000, and to ensure that IIS starts.

Install IIS on a PC with Windows 2000

Install IIS.

Prerequisites

•

You must have the appropriate Windows installation CD-ROM available to complete this procedure.

Procedure 27 Installing IIS for Windows 2000 Professional

Step Action 1 Click Start > Settings > Control Panel.

The Control Panel appears.

2 Double-click Add/Remove Programs.

The Add/Remove Programs window appears.

3 Click Add/Remove Windows Components.

The Windows Components window appears. 4 In the Windows Components window, select the IIS check box. 5 Click Next. 6 Insert the Windows CD-ROM and follow the installation wizard

instructions.

--End--

Check IIS on PC with Windows 2000

Determine whether IIS is started, and start it if necessary.

Procedure 28 Checking IIS on PC with Windows 2000

Step Action 1 Open Internet Explorer on the PC where IIS is installed.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

82 Software requirements

2 In the address bar in Explorer, enter localhost/iisHelp/ and then

3 If Help Information appears, IIS is running. You are finished

4 If Help Information does not appear, check Windows Help and

5 If IIS is not started after you perform the instructions in steps 1 to

6 Expand the Services and Applications node in the console tree

7 Click the right mouse button on Internet Information Services

press enter.

with this procedure.

search for IIS. Follow the instructions on Windows Help to check

whether or not IIS is started. If IIS is started, you are finished

with this procedure.

If IIS is not started, go to step 5.

4 of this procedure, click Start,gotoSettings, and click Control

Panel to manually start IIS. Double-click Administrative Tools,

and then double-click Computer Management.

of the MMC and select Internet Information Services.

to restart the services. Click the right mouse button on the lower

levels of Internet Information Services to stop or start the

individual services.

--End--

Install and maintain IIS on Microsoft Windows 2003

Perform the procedures in this section to install IIS on Windows 2003, restart IIS, or verify that IIS is operating.

Installing IIS on a PC with Windows 2003

Install the IIS function on a PC with Windows 2003.

• You must have the appropriate Windows installation CD-ROM

available to complete this procedure.

Procedure 29 Installing IIS on a PC with Windows 2003

Step Action 1 Click Start > Control Panel.

2 Select Add/Remove Programs

The Add/Remove Programs window appears. 3 Click Add/Remove Windows Components. 4 In the Components window, double-click Application Server. 5 In the Components window, check ASP.NET.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 83

6 Select Internet Information Services and click Details.

The Internet Information Services (IIS) window appears.

7 Select the check boxes for Internet Information Services

Manager and Common Files. Do not change the remaining

check boxes.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

84 Software requirements

8 Click OK. 9 Click OK again. 10 Follow the instructions provided by the installation Wizard, and

11 Close the Add/Remove Programs window, and close the Control

Restart IIS on a PC with Windows 2003

Restart IIS.

Procedure 30 Restarting IIS

Step Action 1 Click Start, and open the Control Panel.

insert the Windows CD-ROM as prompted.

panel window.

--End--

2 Click Administrative Tools. 3 Click Computer Management. 4 Expand the Services and Applications node in the MMC and

select Internet Information Services. 5 Right-click the Internet Information Services and select All

Tasks.

The All Tasks menu appears. 6 Select Restart.

IIS restarts.

--End--

Check IIS on a PC with Windows 2003

Determine whether IIS started.

Procedure 31 Checking IIS on a PC with Windows 2003

Step Action 1 Open Internet Explorer on the PC where IIS is installed.

2 In the address bar in Internet Explorer, enter localhost/iisstart

.htm.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 85

If IIS is not running properly you can restart IIS. For more

information, see Procedure 30 “Restarting IIS” (page 84).

--End--

Install and maintain IIS on Microsoft Windows XP

Use the information in this section to install IIS on Windows XP or verify that IIS is operating.

Installing IIS on PC with Windows XP

Install the IIS function on a PC with Windows XP.

• You must have the appropriate Windows installation CD-ROM

available to perform this procedure.

Procedure 32 Installing Web Server IIS with Windows XP

Step Action 1 Click Start > Settings > Control Panel .

2 Double-click Add/Remove Programs.

The Add/Remove Programs window appears. 3 Click Add/Remove Windows Components. 4 Select Internet Information Services.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

86 Software requirements

5 Click Details. 6 In the details window, select the check box World Wide Web

7 Click OK. 8 Click Next. 9 Insert the Windows XP Professional CD. After the system

10 If the Welcome to Microsoft Windows XP window appears, click

11 In the Windows Components wizard, click Finish. 12 Close the Add/Remove Programs window, and close the

13 If applicable, remove the CD, DVD, and floppy from your system.

ATTENTION

Do not select the check box beside Internet Information Services.

Service.

prompts to you insert the CD, click OK.

Exit in the bottom left corner of the window. The appearance of

the window is result of the auto run on the CD.

Control panel window.

Close all windows and restart your computer. 14 After the computer restarts, check that IIS is running. If not,

consult the Microsoft Web site. To check if IIS is running, see

“Check IIS on PC with Windows XP” (page 86).

--End--

Check IIS on PC with Windows XP

Determine whether IIS is started.

Procedure 33 Checking IIS on a PC with Windows XP

Step Action 1 Open Internet Explorer on the computer where you want to

install the DAP manager.

2 Enter the URL localhost/localstart.asp. 3 Ensure that the Internet Information Services (IIS) page

appears.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 87

If the IIS start page does not appear, continue to “Installing

IIS on PC with Windows XP” (page 85) and install IIS on your

computer.

If the IIS start page appears, IIS is installed and running. Close

the window and proceed to “DHCP and TFTP servers” (page

87).

DHCP and TFTP servers

Each DAP receives an IP addresses, configuration file and firmware from the IP network using a DHCP server and a TFTP server. Choose whether to use the Microsoft Windows DHCP server or the TFTP server or both, or the built-in DAP controller DHCP and TFTP servers.

DHCP servers and TFTP servers are the network components of the Microsoft Windows 2003 Server and the Microsoft Windows 2000 Server. Install these servers as services for the SIP DECT system functions. For more information about Microsoft Windows 2000, 2003 DHCP and TFTP server installation and configuration, see “DHCP and TFTP servers” (page

87).

The DAP controller software Release 4 includes DHCP and TFTP servers that you can configure from the IP DECT Configurator. For more information about built-in DHCP and TFTP servers, see “Built-in DHCP

and TFTP servers” (page 97).

--End--

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

88 Software requirements

You can create a DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP; however DHCP and TFTP must be available to program or reprogram DAPs. For more information about DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP, see

“DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP servers” (page 102) .

If you prefer to use Microsoft Windows DHCP and TFTP servers, perform the steps in Procedure 34 “Installing and configuring Microsoft Windows

DHCP server” (page 88) to install and configure DHCP servers. Perform

the steps in Procedure 37 “Installing the TFTP server” (page 95) to install and configure TFTP servers.

If your DHCP server supports Vendor Class Identification option 60, use a specific IP address range for the DAPs. The Vendor Class Identification of the DAPs is D(ECT)AP 49.

Procedure 34 Installing and conﬁguring Microsoft Windows DHCP server

Step Action 1 Ensure that your DHCP server provides the following data to the

DAP.

• IP Address

• Subnet Mask

•

Default Gateway IP address

• Next Boot Server IP address that is the IP address of the

TFTP server (DHCP option 066)

•

Configuration file name (dapcfg.txt) available through the TFTP server (DHCP option 067)

You can install the DHCP server on the same server or on

another PC that runs the TFTP server.

The Microsoft DHCP server installation files are located on

the Microsoft Windows 2000/2003 Server CD-ROM package.

Licensing or registration charges or both may apply.

--End--

You can install the DHCP server on the same server on the same server or on another PC that runs the TFTP server. The Microsoft DHCP server (Windows 2000 / 2003) is in the Microsoft Windows 2000 / 2003 Server CD-ROM package.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 89

The following procedures give examples of setting up the DHCP server under Windows 2003 Server. This procedure also applies for Windows 2000 DHCP server, but with minor differences.

Procedure 35 Conﬁguring DHCP server under Windows 2000 / 2003 server

Step Action 1 From the Start menu, through the settings in Windows 2000,

open the Control Panel in Windows. 2 Open Add/Remove Programs. 3 Click Add/Remove Windows Components. 4 Select Networking Services and click Details.

The Components window appears. 5 Select the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

check box.

6 Click OK. 7 Click Next. 8 Insert the Windows 2003 CD-ROM as prompted. 9 Finish the procedure using the instructions in the dialog box.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

90 Software requirements

10 Close the Add/Remove Programs window and close the

Procedure 36 Conﬁguring the Settings for SIP DECT

Step Action 1 Start the DHCP manager: Start > Programs > Administrative

Control panel window.

--End--

Tools > DHCP.

The DHCP Administration Tools window appears.

2 Select the active DHCP server and create a new scope: Action

> New Scope.

The New Scope Wizard starts.

3 Click Next in the wizard dialog box. 4 Enter a name and description for the new scope, for example,

SIP DECT. 5 Click Next in the naming dialog box see the IP address range.

The window New Scope Wizard—IP address range appears.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 91

6 Define a range of IP addresses for the DAPs used, for example,

192.168.100.200 to 210.

7 Define the associated subnet mask, for example, 255.255.255.0. 8 Click Next.

The window New Scope Wizard—Exclusion of an IP address

range appears. 9 Enter the Start IP address and End IP address values to

exclude, for example, the IP addresses of DHCP server and the

TFTP server.

This is necessary only if the IP address or addresses of

equipment with a fixed IP address is within the DHCP address

range. If it is not within the DHCP address range, leave this field

blank. 10 If you entered IP address ranges in step 6, click Add to save the

exclusion list. 11 Click Next.

The Lease Duration window appears. 12 Set the desired lease duration of the granted IP addresses to the

desired value.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

92 Software requirements

13 Click Next.

The New Scope Wizard—Configure DHCP options appears.

14 Select No, and click Finish.

The newly created scope appears with a new line called Scope

Options. 15 Right-click Scope Options, and select Configure Options.

The Scope Options page appears.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 93

16 Select the Option 066 check box, and enter the IP address of the

TFTP server, for example, 192.168.100.10.

This can be the IP address of your DAP controller or manager, if

the TFTP server is running there.

17 Check Option 067 for the boot file name. Enter dapcfg.txt. 18 Select the Option 3 check box, and enter the Router or Default

Gateway IP address, for example, 192.168.100.1, and click Add.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

94 Software requirements

19 Click Apply to save the changes and OK to close the dialog box. 20 Right-click Scope , and select Activate.

Now your DHCP server is configured correctly.

21 Close the DHCP window.

--End--

TFTP server

Many types of TFTP servers are available, including shareware and freeware. A TFTP server must handle several accesses at the same time, because several accesses occur at the same time, when the DAPs start

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 95

simultaneously. Only a few TFTP servers can handle more than one access at the same time. Some of these crash if the number of accesses is too high.

Install a TFTP server on the Windows 2000 Server and the Windows 2003.

Procedure 37 Installing the TFTP server

Step Action 1 If you have Windows 2003, go to Start > Control Panel in

Windows. If you have Windows 2000, go to Control Panel

through Settings.

2 Open Add/Remove Programs. 3 Click on the Add/Remove Windows Components.

The Windows Components Wizard window appears.

4 In the Components window, select the Remote Installation

Services check box.

5 Click Next. 6 Insert the Windows 2000 or Windows 2003 CD-ROM as

prompted. 7 Follow the instructions in the dialog box to complete the

procedure.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

96 Software requirements

8 Close the Add/Remove Programs window and close the

9 Click yes after you are prompted to restart the computer.

Procedure 38 Starting the TFTP server

Step Action 1 If you have Windows 2003, go to Start > Control Panel. If you

2 Open Administrative Tools. 3 Open Services.

Control panel window.

--End--

have Windows 2000, go to Settings > Control Panel.

The Services window appears.

4 Select Trivial FTP Deamon. 5 Right-click the Trivial FTP Deamon , and then select Start. 6 Right-click the Trivial FTP Deamon, and then select Properties. 7 Change the Startup Type setting to Automatic. 8 After you install TFTP on your PC with Windows 2000, a folder

named tftpdroot is created.

ATTENTION

If you run Windows 2003, you must create the TFTP folder on drive C:, as shown in the following figure.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 97

--End--

Built-in DHCP and TFTP servers

The DAP controller software Release 4 has a built-in DHCP and TFTP server. The built-in DHCP and TFTP servers do not require manual configuration, because the IP DECT Configurator performs the configuration.

ATTENTION

You can configure a Built-in DHCP and TFTP server only after you install the IP DECT Configurator. For more information, see “DAP Controller” (page 102).

Built-in DHCP server

The DAP controller software Release 4 has a built-in DHCP server. This server runs as an application that requires you to log on to Microsoft Windows. You can use the IP DECT Configurator tool available under DAP controller 4 to start or stop the DHCP server program.

This DHCP server responds to DHCP requests from DAPs because it checks on Vendor Class Identification D(ECT) AP 49 from a DAP.

You can configure built-in DHCP server using the Network Settings window of IP DECT Configurator.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

98 Software requirements

Prerequisites If you are configuring a new system, perform the following

procedures before your configure the built-in DHCP server.

•

Procedure 43 “Starting the IP DECT Configurator” (page 109)

•

Procedure 44 “Adding a new system using the IP DECT Configurator” (page 109)

Procedure 39 Conﬁguring the built-in DHCP server using the IP DECT Conﬁgurator Network Settings Window

Step Action 1 Start the IP DECT Configurator, and select Modify the system.

2 Choose the system to modify. 3 Select the Run DHCP server on this PC check box. 4 Enter the DAP IP range, for example, 192.168.100.200-210. 5 Select the DAP IP Range exclusive for DAPs only. 6 Enter the Subnet Mask, for example, 255.255.255.0. 7 Enter the Default gateway, for example, 192.168.100.1. 8 Enter the TFTP IP address on the PC where the DAP controller

software is installed, for example, 192.168.100.10.

9 If you must assign manually IP addresses to the DAP, click

More. 10 Enter MAC address of the DAP and the IP address assigned

to the DAP.

You can add DAPs to the list, delete DAPs from the list, or edit

the addresses. 11 Click Apply to save the changes, or Close to exit.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

DAP controller software 99

12 Click Apply. 13 Start the DHCP server with Start > All Programs > DAP

controller. 14 Restart the DAPs.

If you are configuring a new system, follow the steps in

Procedure 48 “Configuring SIP Settings” (page 113) instead of

restarting DAP.

--End--

Built-in TFTP server

The DAP controller 4 has a built-in TFTP server that runs as a service under Microsoft Windows. You can use the IP DECT Configurator tool available with the DAP controller 4 to start or stop the TFTP server program. You can start or stop the service through the services window in Microsoft Windows.

Configuration without DHCP or TFTP

ATTENTION

DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP requires DHCP and TFTP to be temporarily available to program or reprogram DAPs.

You can perform DAP configuration without DHCP or TFTP only after you install the IP DECT Configurator. For more information, see “DAP Controller” (page

102).

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

100 Software requirements

You can install the DAPs in an IP environment without a DHCP server, a TFTP server, or both. The IP environment can be a VLAN within the company network where the IT manager does not allow a DHCP server. This IP environment can also be a branch office where a few DAPs are installed without a DHCP server.

If a DAP must operate without a DHCP server, a TFTP server, or both, the DAP requires that the IP address and configuration data are stored in the DAP on a semipermanent basis in FEPROM.

To store the IP address and configuration data on DAP, you must temporarily connect a DHCP server and a TFTP server. The DHCP and TFTP server can be on a stand alone PC with a network interface and a DAP connected. The DHCP and TFTP server can also be on any other computer in the network.

The DHCP server and TFTP server are required while you configure the DAP, but are not required during normal operation.

ATTENTION

To store the data in the DAP, it is necessary that the DAP have a DHCP offer with an Unlimited or Infinite lease. Ensure the DHCP server issues an Unlimited or Infinite lease. The DHCP server with IP DECT Release 4 issues such a lease by default.

If a Microsoft Windows DHCP server is configured, enable unlimited lease.

Procedure 40 Enabling unlimited lease

Step Action 1 Start the DHCP manager: Start > Programs > Administrative

Tools > DHCP. 2 Right-click Scope , and select Properties.

The DHCP Administrative tools page appears. 3 Select Unlimited for Lease duration for DHCP clients.

Nortel Communication Server 1000

SIP DECT Fundamentals

NN43120-123 02.02 30 March 2010

Avaya SIP DECT Fundamentals User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual