Avaya Quick-Starting Routers User Manual

BayRS Version 14.20

Part No. 308654-14.20 Rev 00 November 2000

600 Technology Park Drive Billerica, MA 01821-4130

Quick-Starting Routers

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc.

The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license. The software license agreement is included in this document.

Trademarks

NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks.

AN, BCN, BLN, BN, FRE, Optivity, Passport, and PPX are registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node, ANH, ARN, ASN, BayRS, BaySecure, BayStack, BCC, Optivity Network Configuration System, Passport, SPEX, and System 5000 are trademarks of Nortel Networks.

Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.

Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, Nortel Networks NA Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

Nortel Networks NA Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright © 1988, Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, advertising materials, and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission.

SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

In addition, the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure (that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties).

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Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement

NOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre-enabled software (each of which is referred to as “Software” in this Agreement). BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the product, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

1. License grant. Nortel Networks NA Inc. (“Nortel Networks”) grants the end user of the Software (“Licensee”) a personal, nonexclusive, nontransferable license: a) to use the Software either on a single computer or, if applicable, on a single authorized device identified by host ID, for which it was originally acquired; b) to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software; and c) to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee. This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products. Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software.

2. Restrictions on use; reservation of rights. The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws. Nortel Networks and/or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals, including any revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors. The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals. Licensee may not modify, translate, decompile, disassemble, use for any competitive analysis, reverse engineer, distribute, or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy, in whole or in part. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals, in whole or in part. The Software and user manuals embody Nortel Networks’ and its licensors’ confidential and proprietary intellectual property. Licensee shall not sublicense, assign, or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software, or any information about the operation, design, performance, or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Nortel Networks and its licensors; however, Licensee may grant permission to its consultants, subcontractors, and agents to use the Software at Licensee’s facility, provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license.

3. Limited warranty. Nortel Networks warrants each item of Software, as delivered by Nortel Networks and properly installed and operated on Nortel Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for, to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period, which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee. If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period, as the sole remedy Nortel Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix, patch, or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release. Nortel Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee. Nortel Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Nortel Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment. This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident, misuse, or abuse. The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee’s intended results and for the installation, use, and results obtained from the Software. Nortel Networks does not warrant a) that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee’s requirements, b) that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select, c) that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free, or d) that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected. Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release. These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been (i) altered, except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions; (ii) used in conjunction with another vendor’s product, resulting in the defect; or (iii) damaged by improper environment, abuse, misuse, accident, or negligence. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Licensee is responsible for the security of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files, data, or programs.

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iii

4. Limitation of liability. IN NO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT; SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES; OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE.

5. Government licensees. This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government. The Software and documentation are commercial products, licensed on the open market at market prices, and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U.S. Government funds. The license to the U.S. Government is granted only with restricted rights, and use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1) of the Commercial Computer Software––Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52.227-19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies, and subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS

252.227-7013, for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors, whichever is applicable.

6. Use of software in the European Community. This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community. If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community, the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May, 1991, will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability. Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks.

7. Term and termination. This license is effective until terminated; however, all of the restrictions with respect to Nortel Networks’ copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Nortel Networks copyright; those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Nortel Networks’ confidential information shall continue in effect. Licensee may terminate this license at any time. The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license. Upon termination for any reason, Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Nortel Networks the Software, user manuals, and all copies. Nortel Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license.

8. Export and re-export. Licensee agrees not to export, directly or indirectly, the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals. Without limiting the foregoing, Licensee, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates, agrees that it will not, without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U.S. Government: (i) export, re-export, transfer, or divert any such Software or technical data, or any direct product thereof, to any country to which such exports or re-exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations, or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries; or (ii) provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use, including the design, development, or production of any chemical, nuclear, or biological weapons.

9. General. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California.

Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement, contact Nortel Networks, 4401 Great America Parkway, P.O. Box 58185, Santa Clara, California 95054-8185.

LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE, WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT. NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT, INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

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Preface

Before You Begin .............................................................................................................xiv

ASN Terminology ............................................................................................................. xv

Text Conventions ............................................................................................................. xv

Acronyms ........................................................................................................................xvii

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals ....................................................................................... xviii

How to Get Help ..............................................................................................................xix

Chapter 1 Overview of Quick-Start

Chapter 2 Preparing the Router for Quick-Start

Connecting a PC or Terminal Console ........................................................................... 2-2

Connecting a PC ...................................................................................................... 2-2

Connecting a Terminal Console ...............................................................................2-3

Connecting to the IP Network .........................................................................................2-4

Logging On to the Technician Interface ..........................................................................2-5

Using Technician Interface Commands ..........................................................................2-5

Reviewing the Installation Files ......................................................................................2-7

Booting with the ti.cfg File .............................................................................................2-10

Chapter 3 Preparing Your Network Information

Using the Quick-Start Worksheet ...................................................................................3-2

Using the Quick-Start ATM Worksheet ...........................................................................3-7

Using the Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols ...................................................3-12

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Chapter 4 Using the Installation Script to Quick-Start a Router

Quick-Start Troubleshooting ........................................................................................... 4-4

Chapter 5 Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

Overview of the BCC ......................................................................................................5-2

Essential BCC Commands .............................................................................................5-4

Quick-Starting Your Router with the BCC ....................................................................... 5-5

Quick-Start Troubleshooting with the BCC ...................................................................5-13

Chapter 6 Completing the Router Configuration

Selecting a Configuration Tool ........................................................................................6-1

Completing the Configuration Procedure .......................................................................6-2

Communicating with the Router Remotely .....................................................................6-3

Telnet Connections ................................................................................................... 6-3

Out-of-Band Connections .........................................................................................6-3

Chapter 7 Securing the Router

Assigning a Password to the Technician Interface ..........................................................7-2

Securing New Routers with the BCC or the Installation Script .......................................7-2

Setting Global IP Access Policies with the BCC .............................................................7-3

Restricting Read/Write Access with SNMP Communities ..............................................7-3

Setting Secure Mode ......................................................................................................7-4

Specifying Secure Mode .......................................................................................... 7-5

Authentication Failure Traps ...........................................................................................7-5

Assigning SecurID to Telnet Connections .......................................................................7-6

Turning Off FTP and Telnet on the Router ......................................................................7-6

Using the Image Builder to Remove Services ................................................................7-6

Restricting Access to the HTTP Server ..........................................................................7-6

Configuring RADIUS ....................................................................................................... 7-7

Installing BaySecure FireWall-1 ...................................................................................... 7-7

Configuring IP Security (IPsec) ......................................................................................7-7

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Chapter 8 Installing Site Manager on a PC

System Requirements .................................................................................................... 8-1

Updating TCP/IP, Network Adapters, and Drivers .......................................................... 8-2

Preparing the Network Control Panel .......................................................................8-3

Testing TCP/IP .........................................................................................................8-3

Loading and Starting Site Manager Software .................................................................8-4

Chapter 9 Installing Site Manager on a Workstation Running Windows NT

System Requirements .................................................................................................... 9-1

Preparing the Network Control Panel .............................................................................9-2

Testing TCP/IP ................................................................................................................9-2

Loading and Starting Site Manager Software .................................................................9-2

Chapter 10 Installing Site Manager on a SPARCstation

System Requirements .................................................................................................. 10-2

Setting Up the SPARCstation .......................................................................................10-2

Loading Site Manager Software ...................................................................................10-3

Mounting the CD .................................................................................................... 10-3

Installing the Software ............................................................................................10-4

Unmounting the CD ................................................................................................10-4

Setting Up Site Manager User Accounts ......................................................................10-5

Verifying Site Manager Installation ...............................................................................10-6

Starting Site Manager ...................................................................................................10-6

Starting Site Manager from SunNet Manager ........................................................10-8

Starting Site Manager from OpenView ..................................................................10-8

Chapter 11 Installing Site Manager on an IBM Workstation

System Requirements .................................................................................................. 11-2

Loading Site Manager Software ...................................................................................11-2

Mounting the CD .................................................................................................... 11-3

Installing the Software ............................................................................................11-3

Unmounting the CD ................................................................................................11-3

Setting Up Site Manager User Accounts ......................................................................11-4

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Verifying Site Manager Installation ...............................................................................11-5

Starting Site Manager ...................................................................................................11-5

Starting Site Manager from NetView for AIX ..........................................................11-7

Chapter 12 Installing Site Manager on an HP 9000 Workstation

System Requirements .................................................................................................. 12-2

Loading Site Manager Software ...................................................................................12-2

Mounting the CD .................................................................................................... 12-2

Installing the Software ............................................................................................12-3

Unmounting the CD ...............................................................................................12-3

Setting Up Site Manager User Accounts ......................................................................12-4

Verifying Site Manager Installation ...............................................................................12-5

Starting Site Manager ...................................................................................................12-5

Starting Site Manager from OpenView ..................................................................12-7

Appendix A Sample Installation Script

Appendix B Sample ATM Installation Script

Index

viii

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Figures

Figure 3-1. Network Example for the Quick-Start Worksheet ....................................3-3

Figure 3-2. Network Example for the Quick-Start ATM Worksheet ............................3-8

Figure 5-1. Configuring IP and RIP on an Ethernet Interface ....................................5-3

Figure 8-1. Site Manager Window .............................................................................. 8-5

Figure 9-1. Site Manager Window .............................................................................. 9-4

Figure 10-1. Site Manager Window ............................................................................10-7

Figure 10-2. Starting a Site Manager Session from SunNet Manager ....................... 10-8

Figure 10-3. Starting a Site Manager Session from OpenView .................................10-9

Figure 11-1. Site Manager Window ............................................................................11-6

Figure 11-2. Starting a Site Manager Session from NetView ..................................... 11-7

Figure 12-1. Site Manager Window ............................................................................12-6

Figure 12-2. Starting a Site Manager Session from OpenView .................................12-7

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Table 2-1. Initial Router Connectors to the IP Network .............................................2-4

Table 2-2. Basic Technician Interface Commands ....................................................2-6

Table 2-3. Quick-Start Installation Files ....................................................................2-9

Table 2-4. Router Software Images ..........................................................................2-9

Table 3-1. Quick-Start Worksheet ............................................................................ 3-4

Table 3-2. Quick-Start ATM Worksheet ....................................................................3-9

Table 3-3. Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols ...........................................3-12

Table 4-1. Installation Script Commands ..................................................................4-2

Table 5-1. Essential BCC System and Navigation Commands ................................5-4

Tables

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Preface

If you are responsible for activating a Nortel Networks™ router on an IP network, this guide can help you configure the router’s initial network interface. When you complete the Quick-Start installation procedure, the router will actively route IP traffic on your network.

You can use the Quick-Start installation script or the Bay Command Console

™

(BCC routers running BayRS the BCC and the Quick-Start installation script to quick-start a router.

This guide also provides information about securing your router and instructions for installing the Site Manager configuration tool on a PC or workstation.

The procedures in this guide are intended primarily for new installations, but they are also used in the upgrade procedure. Before using this book as part of an upgrade, see the upgrade guide for your version of BayRS.

) to configure the initial IP interface over Ethernet on Nortel Networks

™

. In this guide, you will find instructions for using both

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Quick-Starting Routers

Before You Begin

Before using this guide, you must complete the following procedures:

• Install the router. See the installation guide that came with your router:

-- Installing and Maintaining BN Routers

-- Installing and Maintaining ASN Routers

-- Installing and Operating the Passport 5430 Multiserve Access Switch

-- Installing and Operating the Passport 2430 Multiserve Access Switch

-- Installing and Operating Passport AN and ANH Routers

-- Installing and Operating Passport ARN Routers

-- Quick Installation and Reference for the System 5000 Net Modules

• Review the Release Notes and Read Me First documents for any changes to the Quick-Start instructions.

Following are other considerations for using Quick-Start:

• For booting and installation script procedures specific to the Passport 5430 and Passport 2430 routers, see Installing and Operating the Passport 5430

Multiserve Access Switch and Installing and Operating the Passport 2430 Multiserve Access Switch.

• For booting and installation script procedures specific to Passport Node (AN (ARN

• For Access Stack Node (ASN ASN Routers to a Network. For ASN local booting requirements, such as using the its local configuration file, see Installing and Maintaining ASN Routers.

), Access Node Hub (ANH™), and Advanced Remote Node™

™

) routers, see Configuring Passport Remote Access.

™

) network booting information, see Connecting

bconfig config local

and

boot

commands to allow the ASN to use

™

Access

xiv

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ASN Terminology

ASN routers use unique terminology to identify the location of their connectors. Four ASN nodes can be stacked together as a single router. You assign a slot number to each node using a dial on its rear panel. Each slot has four module positions where the net modules reside. You identify connector position by specifying the slot and module numbers. For more information, see Installing and Maintaining ASN Routers.

Text Conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions:

angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the

description inside the brackets. Do not type the brackets when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

ping <

ip_address

ping 192.32.10.12

, you enter:

Preface

bold text

braces ({}) Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter.

show ip {alerts | routes}.

Example: Enter

Example: Use the

dinfo

command.

where there is more than one option. You must choose only one of the options. Do not type the braces when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip {alerts | routes} show ip alerts or show ip routes

, you must enter either:

, but not both.

Quick-Starting Routers

brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions. Do

ellipsis points (. . . ) Indicate that you repeat the last element of the

italic text Indicates new terms, book titles, and variables in

not type the brackets when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip interfaces [-alerts] show ip interfaces

, you can enter either:

show ip interfaces -alerts

command as needed.

Example: If the command syntax is:

ethernet/2/1 [< ethernet/2/1

and as many parameter-value pairs as

parameter> <value

>] . . .

, you enter

needed.

command syntax descriptions. Where a variable is two or more words, the words are connected by an underscore.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show at <

valid_route

is one variable and you substitute one value

for it.

xvi

screen text Indicates system output, for example, prompts and

system messages.

Example:

Set Trap Monitor Filters

separator ( > ) Shows menu paths.

Example: Protocols > IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu.

vertical line (

) Separates choices for command keywords and

arguments. Enter only one of the choices. Do not type the vertical line when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip {alerts | routes} show ip alerts

show ip routes

, you enter either:

, but not both.

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Acronyms

Preface

This guide uses the following acronyms:

ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ATM asynchronous transfer mode

BootP Bootstrap Protocol

ELAN emulated LAN

FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface

FTP File Transfer Protocol

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol

IETF Internet Engineering Task Force

IP Internet Protocol

IPsec IP Security

LAN local area network

LANE LAN emulation

LQR Link Quality Report

MAC media access control

MIB management information base

MTU maximum transmission unit

NBMA nonbroadcast multi-access

NTP Network Time Protocol

NVFS nonvolatile file system

OSPF Open Shortest Path First

PAP Password Authentication Protocol

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PVC permanent virtual circuit

QENET Quad Ethernet link module

RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service

RIP Routing Information Protocol

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Quick-Starting Routers

RMON remote monitoring

SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SRM-L System Resource Module-Link

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol

VCI virtual channel identifier

VPI virtual path identifier

VPN virtual private network

WAN wide area network

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals

You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the Internet. Go to the support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/ URL. Find the product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product. Use Adobe Acrobat Reader to open the manuals and release notes, search for the sections you need, and print them on most standard printers. Go to Adobe Systems at www.adobe.com to download a free copy of Acrobat Reader.

xviii

You can purchase selected documentation sets, CDs, and technical publications through the Internet at the www1.fatbrain.com/documentation/nortel/ URL.

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How to Get Help

If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.

If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program, contact one of the following Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers:

Technical Solutions Center Telephone

EMEA (33) (4) 92-966-968

North America (800) 2LANWAN or (800) 252-6926

Asia Pacific (61) (2) 9927-8800

China (800) 810-5000

An Express Routing Code (ERC) is available for many Nortel Networks products and services. When you use an ERC, your call is routed to a technical support person who specializes in supporting that product or service. To locate an ERC for your product or service, go to the www12.nortelnetworks.com/ URL and click ERC at the bottom of the page.

Preface

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xix

Chapter 1

Overview of Quick-Start

The Quick-Start procedure boots your router locally and configures its initial interface to an IP network.

To complete the Quick-Start procedure:

Connect a PC or ASCII console to the router.

Connect a PC or a terminal to the router’s console port to access the Technician Interface (Chapter 2).

Connect the router to the IP network.

Connect a cable between the router and the IP network (Chapter 2).

Establish a Technician Interface session.

Use the Technician Interface to run the installation script or to start the BCC (Chapter 2).

Boot the router with the ti.cfg file to prepare it for the Quick-Start procedure (Chapter 2).

Prepare your network information using the appropriate worksheet (Chapter 3).

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1-1

Quick-Starting Routers

Decide whether to quick-start the router with:

• The installation script (install.bat script)

• BCC commands

Complete your configuration.

Review the general procedure (Chapter 6) that you need to follow to complete the router’s configuration using one or more of the following Nortel Networks tools:

• Bay Command Console

• Site Manager

• Optivity Network Configuration System

• Technician Interface

The installation script starts all supported routers. Run the installation script (Chapter 4).

You can also quick-start the router using BCC commands for an initial IP connection. This guide describes how to use the BCC to quick-start the router over an Ethernet port (Chapter 5).



(NCS)

1-2

Secure your router.

Review the security mechanisms you can implement for your router (Chapter 7).

Install Site Manager.

If you choose Site Manager as your configuration tool, use the instructions in one of the following chapters to install the Site Manager software on the platform you are using:

• PC running Windows

• Workstation running Windows NT

95 or Windows 98 (Chapter 8)

(Chapter 9)

• SPARCstation (Chapter 10)

• IBM workstation (Chapter 11)

• HP

9000 workstation (Chapter 12)

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Chapter 2

Preparing the Router for Quick-Start

To prepare your router for the Quick-Start installation, you make the router’s physical connections, access the router’s command-line interface, and boot with the proper installation file.

This chapter contains the following topics:

Topic Page

Connecting a PC or Terminal Console

Connecting to the IP Network 2-4

Logging On to the Technician Interface 2-5

Using Technician Interface Commands 2-5

Reviewing the Installation Files 2-7

Booting with the ti.cfg File 2-10

2-2

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2-1

Quick-Starting Routers

Connecting a PC or Terminal Console

You make a local terminal connection to your router, using a terminal program on a PC or a terminal console, to access the router’s Technician Interface. At the Technician Interface prompt, you enter the commands for the Quick-Start procedure.

Connecting a PC

To connect a PC to the router:

Set the communications parameters in your terminal-emulation program.

For example, to set the HyperTerminal program that comes with Microsoft Windows

95 and Windows 98:

From the Start Menu, choose Programs > Accessories > HyperTerminal.

Double-click on Hypertrm.exe.

In the Connection Description window, enter a name for the connection and choose an icon for the terminal program to display.

2-2

Click on OK.

In the Phone Number window, scroll through the Connect using menu and choose the COM port with the cable connection to the router.

This procedure sets up the terminal program to make a direct connection, instead of a phone connection.

Click on OK.

In the COM Properties window, configure the port settings for your COM port as follows:

• Bits per second = 9600

• Data bits = 8

• Parity = none

• Stop bits = 1

• Flow control = Xon/Xoff

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Preparing the Router for Quick-Start

Click on OK.

Choose File > Properties > Settings.

Choose the Terminal keys option for the Function, arrow, and ctrl keys option.

This selection enables Windows 95 or Windows 98 to use terminal keyboard combinations when running the installation script.

Note:

If you set this function to Windows keys, you will not be able to use keyboard combinations such as [Control]-C when running the installation script.

Click on OK.

Choose File > Save to save your settings.

Connect the cable from the console port of the router to the COM port that you selected in the terminal emulation program.

See the installation guide that came with your router for the specific cable requirements for your router.

Turn on the router to complete the internal diagnostics and startup.

When the router boots, the screen displays the Technician Interface prompt. You are now ready to enter Technician Interface commands (see

“

Logging On to the Technician Interface on page 2-5).

Connecting a Terminal Console

To connect a terminal console (terminal) to the router:

Set the operating parameters of the terminal console as follows:

• Baud rate = 9600

• Stop bits = 1

• Parity = none

• Data bits = 8

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2-3

Quick-Starting Routers

Connect the cable from the terminal console to the console port of the router.

See the installation guide that came with your router for the specific cable requirements for your router. For example, for the Backbone Concentrator Node (BCN console port of the System Resource Module-Link (SRM-L) in slot 7.

Turn on the router to complete the internal diagnostics and startup.

), you insert the male end of the cable (Order No. 7525) into the

When the router boots, the screen displays the Technician Interface prompt. You are now ready to enter Technician Interface commands (see

“

Logging On to the Technician Interface on page 2-5).

Connecting to the IP Network

When you obtained your router, you also received a cable to connect the router to your IP network.

To connect the cable from the router to the IP network:

Connect the cable to a router connector.

Tabl e 2-1

router to the IP network.

Table 2-1. Initial Router Connectors to the IP Network

Nortel Networks Router Default Connector

ASN Any connector on any net module, excluding the

Passport AN, ANH, and ARN See the installation guide.

BCN First connector on the first link module (slot 1)

BLN First connector on the first link module (slot 2)

Passpor t

Passport 5430 Dual 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet connector

System 5000™ net modules See the installation guide.

lists the standard connectors (also called ports) for connecting the

™

2430 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet connector

Stack Packet Exchange (SPEX

™

) module

2-4

You can configure any connector on a router for the initial IP connection by specifying the slot and connector when you quick-start the router with the installation script (Chapter 4) or the BCC (Chapter 5).

308654-14.20 Rev 00

For information about the location of the connector on your router, see the installation guide that came with your router.

Connect the cable to the network connector.

The network connection depends on your LAN or WAN configuration. For general information about cables, see the Cable Guide.

Logging On to the Technician Interface

When you connect to a Nortel Networks router and establish a terminal session, the Technician Interface command-line interface provided with every Nortel Networks router.

You use the Technician Interface to:

• View the router’s file system.

• Run the Quick-Start installation script.

• Access the BCC.

• Enter commands to manage your router and its MIB variables.

prompt appears. The Technician Interface is a

Preparing the Router for Quick-Start

To log on to the Technician Interface, enter:

Manager

The Technician Interface displays a prompt consisting of the number of the slot and the number of the console port where it is physically connected followed by the dollar sign (

$). For example, if the Technician Interface is running on slot 2,

console port 1, the prompt is:

[2:1]$

To log off the Technician Interface, enter:

logout

Using Technician Interface Commands

To complete the Quick-Start procedure, you must enter several Technician Interface commands. Tabl e 2-2 commands that you will need. You can also use the Help system to view available commands.

308654-14.20 Rev 00

provides a list of the basic Technician Interface

2-5

Quick-Starting Routers

Technician Interface commands, passwords, and file names are case-sensitive. You must press the Return key to execute a Technician Interface command.

To display all Technician Interface commands in a brief table, enter:

help help

To display all Technician Interface commands and their associated syntax requirements, enter:

help

Use this command when you know the command’s function, but do not know the command name or its syntax. Enter the scrolling.

Reviewing the Installation Files

Your router stores its files on memory cards. The nonvolatile file system (NVFS) running in the router reads and writes to the memory cards for file storage. After establishing a Technician Interface session, you are ready to display the Quick-Start installation files and verify that they are available.

To display and verify the installation files:

(continued)

xxx.xxx.xxx

) on

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Find the memory card location.

Identify the volume where the router’s memory card (volume) resides by entering:

dinfo

The Technician Interface displays a table showing the memory card’s volume number and memory statistics. The volume number is equivalent to the slot on the router. BCN and Backbone Link Node (BLN

) routers can contain

multiple memory cards—one memory card per slot.

2-7

Quick-Starting Routers

Display the names of the files in the volume by entering:

dir

<slot_number>

slot_number

is the slot location of the memory card. Include the colon (:) after

the slot number.

For example, enter:

dir 2:

TBLN>

Volume in drive 2: is Directory of 2:

File Name Size Date Day Time

--------------------------------------------------------bn.exe 3513155 01/10/99 Mon. 10:03:45 config 132 01/10/99 Mon. 10:03:45 ti.cfg 132 01/10/99 Mon. 10:03:45 install.bat 204323 01/10/99 Mon. 10:03:45 debug.al 12319 01/10/99 Mon. 10:03:45 bcc_bn.hlp 165960 01/10/99 Mon. 10:03:45

8388608 bytes - Total size 4492587 bytes - Available free space 945812 bytes - Contiguous free space

Note the available free space on the router volume.

2-8

Always make sure that you have enough space on the volume to hold any new files that you create or copy.

In the following steps, you verify that the correct router software, configuration, and installation files are available. These steps may not be necessary for new routers with the files already installed, although they will help you become familiar with your router’s files.

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Preparing the Router for Quick-Start

Verify that the directory contains the Quick-Start installation files (Tab le 2 - 3

Table 2-3. Quick-Start Installation Files

File Name*

bn.exe Bootable router software image

config Default configuration file

debug.al Alias file

install.bat Quick-Start installation script file

ti.cfg Initial configuration file

bcc_bn.hlp BCC Help file

* All router files must belong to the same software version. Other files may be in

the directory. Router file names may vary slightly; for example, System 5000 routers use the ti_5000.cfg file.

Verify that all router files belong to the same software version.

File Type

(see Ta bl e 2 - 4

for other router images)

For example, you should not use a Version 13.20 install.bat script with BayRS Version 14.xx files.

Verify that the directory contains the correct software image for your router (Ta bl e 2 - 4

Table 2-4. Router Software Images

Router Software Image

AN and ANH*

ARN*

ASN*

BCN bn.exe

BLN bn.exe

Passport 2430* pp2430.exe

Passport 5430* pp5430.exe

System 5000 net modules s5000.exe

* See the references given on page xiv for information about router-specific

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an.exe

arn.exe

asn.exe

Quick-Start restrictions.

2-9

Quick-Starting Routers

Booting with the ti.cfg File

To prepare new routers for initial configuration, you first boot the router with the ti.cfg file. The ti.cfg file is an initial configuration file containing only the minimal information needed to boot the router. You then run the installation script or use BCC commands to add configuration information about your first IP interface.

When you complete the Quick-Start procedure, save your new configuration information to a file called startup.cfg.

Caution:

Do not edit the ti.cfg file or overwrite it with another configuration

file.

If the installation fails, you must reboot the router with the ti.cfg file before retrying the Quick-Start procedure. You also should boot with the ti.cfg file if:

• The router is currently booted from a configuration file other than the ti.cfg

file and you want to reconfigure the router from scratch.

• You change the initial IP connector (port) that you use to communicate with

the configuration workstation.

To boot the router using the ti.cfg file:

Enter the following command:

boot

<slot_number>:<image_file> <slot_number>

slot_number image_file

identifies the slot where the files reside on the router and

is the software image for your router (see Tab le 2 -4 ).

:ti.cfg

For example, enter:

boot 2:bn.exe 2:ti.cfg

The router boots and executes its startup procedure.

2-10

Establish a new Technician Interface session by entering:

Manager

In Chapter 3, “Preparing Your Network Information,” you will collect and record the network information that you need to complete the Quick-Start procedure.

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Chapter 3

Preparing Your Network Information

This chapter provides worksheets to help you collect the information that you need to quick-start the router using either the installation script or BCC commands. This chapter provides the following information:

Topic Page

Using the Quick-Start Worksheet

Using the Quick-Start ATM Worksheet 3-7

Using the Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols 3-12

3-2

Whether you use the installation script or BCC commands, you quick-start the router as follows:

Select an interface and supply information about its connector and circuit.

Configure IP on the interface.

Enable these global communication services (optional):

• SNMP (required if you want to use Site Manager for additional configuration)

• TFTP

• FTP

• Telnet

• HTTP Server (required if you want to use the Web (HTTP) Server)

Save the configuration file with the file name, startup.cfg.

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3-1

Quick-Starting Routers

Test the initial configuration by pinging the workstation that you will use to continue the configuration.

Many BCC commands and installation script prompts provide default values. Accept the default values unless you have a reason to make a change. You can skip optional steps and steps that do not apply to your network.

Using the Quick-Start Worksheet

The Quick-Start Worksheet (Table 3-1) provides a summary of the information that you need to complete the Quick-Start procedure. You can apply the information to either the installation script or BCC commands.

Most customers configure their initial IP interface on Ethernet. The Quick-Start Worksheet assumes an Ethernet interface in the connector and circuit fields. For interfaces other than Ethernet, substitute the appropriate connector and circuit information and complete the rest of the worksheet beginning with the IP Configuration section.

For other interfaces, see the appropriate configuration guide for more information about connector and circuit requirements:

3-2

• Configuring Ethernet, FDDI, and Token Ring Services

• Configuring WAN Line Services

If you plan to use the Quick-Start procedure to configure an ATM interface, go to

“Using the Quick-Start ATM Worksheet

” on page 3-7. If you plan to use the

Quick-Start procedure to configure an interface (such as serial) that supports a WAN protocol, see “Using the Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols

page 3-12

Figure 3-1

shows a sample Ethernet network used in the examples in the

” on

Quick-Start Worksheet. See Appendix A, “Sample Installation Script,” for an example of the script execution.

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Preparing Your Network Information

Connect a PC or terminal console locally to the router to access the Technician Interface and run the installation script,

install.bat,

or the BCC.

Nortel Networks router

Connect to the console port in slot 1 of a BLN or ASN or in slot 7 of a BCN.

Corporate IP network

The workstation on the network where you will manage the router remotely, using Site Manager, the BCC, or another configuration tool

Connect the router to the IP network with a QENET link module in slot 2 using XCVR1 (Ethernet connector 1)

IP address = 192.168.125.34 Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0

IP address = 192.32.20.12

Figure 3-1. Network Example for the Quick-Start Worksheet

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QS0005C

3-3

Quick-Starting Routers

Table 3-1. Quick-Start Worksheet

Network Information Example Your Information

Physical Connector Information

Number of the slot holding the link module for the first network interface Note: For the ASN, also provide the module number (for example, module 1).

Number of the connector (port) on the link module Ethernet connector 1

FRE-4-PPC Information

Line speed 10BASE-TX Full Duplex

Enable mini-RMON? If you have a FRE-4-PPC processor module on a BN router, you can enable mini-RMON. The default is No.

Circuit Information

Circuit name (default is provided) Note: Substitute circuit information for interfaces other than Ethernet.

IP Configuration

IP address of this initial interface (Advanced users only: the install.bat script supports unnumbered interfaces; however, there is no BCC support for them.)

Subnet mask of this initial interface 255.255.255.0

If this interface resides on the same LAN as the workstation that you will use to connect to the router, you have completed the initial IP configuration. Proceed to add global services. If the workstation resides on a different network, you must add an IP routing protocol next.

Slot 2 (QE100BT link module)

(XCVR1)

Ye s

E21

192.168.125.34

(continued)

3-4

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Preparing Your Network Information

Table 3-1. Quick-Start Worksheet

Network Information Example Your Information

IP Routing Protocol Information

Choose an IP routing protocol if the configuration workstation is located on another network:

•RIP

• OSPF

• Static route

See the following sections for details on the IP routing protocol that you choose to configure.

RIP Configuration

Should RIP listen to the default route to the network or subnet where the workstation is located?

Select the RIP version:

•RIP1

•RIP2

• RIP2_AGGR (RIP 2 with the automatic aggregation of subnets provided by RIP Version 1)

OSPF Configuration

OSPF router ID (if different from this interface; typically, the OSPF router ID is set to the value of the first IP interface configured on the router)

OSPF area address 0.0.0.0

Enable Simple Password Authentication? No

MTU size for OSPF packets (Default, Ethernet Size, User-defined MTU)

OSPF interface type (Broadcast, NBMA, Point to Point, Point to MultiPoint) Note: If there is an existing OSPF configuration on the network, you must set matching values for the interface type, Hello interval, and dead interval.

Hello interval (in seconds) 10 (default)

Router dead interval (in seconds) 40 (default)

Router priority 1 (default)

Poll interval 120 (default)

(continued)

RIP

Ye s

RIP1

0.0.0.1

Default

Broadcast (default)

(continued)

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3-5

Quick-Starting Routers

Table 3-1. Quick-Start Worksheet

Network Information Example Your Information

If you are configuring OSPF neighbors, add the IP address for each neighbor. Note: Neighbors are defined only if the OSPF interface type is NBMA. Sample format: 192.32.156.8

Static Route Configuration

Destination network 192.32.90.0

Destination network mask 255.255.255.0

Next-hop address that is in the same subnet as the initial IP interface

Global Services Information

These steps set communication services globally for all interfaces on the router. You can increase router security by restricting SNMP communities, FTP, and Telnet. See Chapter 7, “Securing the Router.”

Enable SNMP Community Management? Yes

For each SNMP community, decide whether it is public or private, its read-write access, and the IP address of the manager.

Enable TFTP? Yes

Default volume where TFTP transactions will take place 2

Enable FTP? Yes

Default volume where FTP transactions will take place 2

Enable Telnet? Yes

Enable Telnet client? Yes

Enable Telnet server? Yes

Enable the HTTP (Web) server? Provides embedded Web tools on the router to view device information.

(continued)

192.168.125.42

public, read-only,

192.32.20.12

Ye s

Workstation Information

IP address of the workstation that you will use to configure the router

3-6

192.32.20.12

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Using the Quick-Start ATM Worksheet

The Quick-Start installation script allows you to configure initial routing services for the ATM Routing Engine link module in Nortel Networks routers. You can then use Site Manager or the BCC to refine your configuration.

Use the Quick-Start installation script to add ATM to the router by:

• Defining the physical link

• Defining an ATM service record

• Creating an ATM circuit

• Adding the initial virtual circuit to the service record (PVCs only)

• Enabling the IP protocol on the ATM service record

The Quick-Start ATM Worksheet (Table 3-2) contains only the ATM connector, circuit, and service record information. After you specify the ATM interface, the Quick-Start script prompts you for the same information found in Table 3- 1 beginning with the IP Configuration section.

Preparing Your Network Information

Figure 3-2

Quick-Start Worksheet.

See Appendix B, “Sample ATM Installation Script,” for an example of the script execution.

For more information about the parameters set in the script, see Configuring ATM Services.

308654-14.20 Rev 00

shows a sample ATM network used in the examples in the ATM

3-7

Quick-Starting Routers

Connect a PC or ASCll console locally to the router to access the Technician Interface and run the installation script,

The console port connector is in slot 1 of a BLN or ASN or in slot 7 of a BCN.

Local Nortel Networks router connects to an ATM network from the ATM Routing Engine link module in slot 2 using an ATMC-OC3MM connector. You configure a service record type using the script and then run IP over the connection. IP address = 192.168.125.34 Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0

install.bat.

Remote Nortel Networks edge device (for example, a router or switch) on the ATM network with a connection to the IP network containing the workstation that you will use to manage the router you are configuring.

ATM network

Corporate IP network

Workstation where you will manage the router remotely, using Site Manager or another configuration tool. IP address = 192.32.10.12

Figure 3-2. Network Example for the Quick-Start ATM Worksheet

3-8

QS0016A

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Preparing Your Network Information

Table 3-2. Quick-Start ATM Worksheet

Network Information Example Your Information

ATM Physical Link Information

Slot number of the link module 4 (ATMC_OC3MM)

Connector number [1]: 1 (ATM1)

Choosing a Service Record Type

Enter ATM Service Record Type [1]:

1. ATM PVC

2. ATM LAN Emulation

3. ATM Logical IP Subnet

Continue with the information for your service record type.

PVC Service Record Type

Enter encapsulation type [1]:

1. LLC/SNAP (RFC 1483)

2. NLPID (RFC 1490)

For VPI, enter a number from 0–255

The VPI (virtual path identifier) number of the initial PVC identifies the virtual path of the PVC. The VPI is part of the cell header. The header can contain a maximum of 8 VPI bits. This bit range allows for path identifiers from 0–255.

For VCI, enter a valid number in these ranges:

• ARE module in a BLN/BCN router: 32–65535

• ATM T1/E1 module in the Passport 5430: 32–8191

• Model 5780 ATM VNR in a Model 5000AH chassis: 130–2047

• Model 5782 ATM VNR in a Model 5000BH chassis:

130–2047

The VCI (virtual channel identifier) number of the initial PVC identifies the virtual channel portion of the PVC. The VCI is part of the cell header and has a length of 16 bits.

Enter circuit name: (The script recommends a default name.)

1 (ATM PVC)

2 (NLPID (RFC 1490))

200

ATMSR_1404101.3

(continued)

308654-14.20 Rev 00

3-9

Quick-Starting Routers

Table 3-2. Quick-Start ATM Worksheet

Network Information Example Your Information

LAN Emulation Service Record Type

Signaling Version [1]:

1. UNI3.0

2. UNI3.1

3. UNI4.0

Do you want Auto Generation of the ATM address? (y/n) [y]:

If you choose Auto Generation, router software will use a combination of the MAC address and the network prefix obtained from the server to generate a unique ATM address.

If you do not choose Auto Generation, enter a 7-byte User Part (Mandatory) and a 13-byte Net Prefix (Optional) to be combined into a 20-byte ATM address.

Enter User Part (Mandatory), 7 bytes: Enter Net Prefix (Optional), 13 bytes:

Choose the Emulated LAN Name.

(continued)

2 (UNI3.1)

12345677654321 3900000000000000000 0000000

AAA

Press [Return] to accept the default ELAN name or type the name of a previously configured ELAN for this LAN Emulation client to join.

Choose Emulated LAN Type [1]

1. Unspecified

2. IEEE8023

3. IEEE8025

Enter circuit name. (The script recommends a default name.)

3-10

3 (IEEE8025)

ATMSR_1404101.5

(continued)

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Preparing Your Network Information

Table 3-2. Quick-Start ATM Worksheet

Network Information Example Your Information

Logical IP Service Record Type

Signaling Version [1]:

1. UNI3.0

2. UNI3.1

3. UNI4.0

Do you want Auto Generation of the ATM address? (y/n) [y]:

If you choose Auto Generation, router software will use a combination of the MAC address and the network prefix obtained from the server to generate a unique ATM address.

If you do not choose Auto Generation, enter a 7-byte User Part (Mandatory) and a 13-byte Net Prefix (Optional) to be combined into a 20-byte ATM address.

Enter User Part (Mandatory), 7 bytes: Enter Net Prefix (Optional), 13 bytes:

Choose the ATM ARP Mode.

• Client Mode [Default]

• Server Mode

(continued)

1 (UNI3.0)

12345677654321 3900000000000000000 0000000

If you choose the default (Client Mode), you must enter the ARP Server ATM Address.

Would you like to accept Client Mode for ATM ARP? (y/n) [y]:

Enter ARP Server ATM Address in hexadecimal format, omitting leading 0x/0X.

Enter Network Prefix (Mandatory), 13 bytes:

Enter User Part (Mandatory), 7 bytes:

Refer to Tab le 3 -1

308654-14.20 Rev 00

, the Quick-Start Worksheet, to continue the initial configuration.

Ye s

3900000000000000000 0000000 11111111111111

3-11

Quick-Starting Routers

Using the Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols

Use the Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols (Ta ble 3-3) to record the information that you need to enable frame relay, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), or Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) using the installation script. (Using the script to enable WAN protocols is recommended for experienced users only.) Typically, you implement these protocols using Site Manager or another configuration tool. The script prompts for a WAN protocol if you select a connector that supports WAN protocols, for example, serial.

For more information about the WAN protocol parameters, see these guides:

• Configuring Frame Relay Services

• Configuring PPP Services

• Configuring SMDS

Table 3-3. Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols

Network Information Example Your Information

WAN Information

Advanced users can use the Quick-Start script to initially configure frame relay, PPP, or SMDS. See the configuration guides for more information about the parameters.

Frame Relay Information

(To enable frame relay on a serial connector on this initial IP interface)

Enable frame relay on the interface? Yes

Management protocol that communicates with the frame relay network

DLCI addressing types ADDR Q.922

Frame relay address field length 2 bytes

Frame relay PVC ID 30

3-12

LMI

(continued)

308654-14.20 Rev 00

Preparing Your Network Information

Table 3-3. Quick-Start Worksheet for WAN Protocols

Network Information Example Your Information

PPP Information

(To enable PPP on a serial connector on this initial IP interface)

Enable PPP on the interface? Yes

IP address of peer connection 192.32.4.2

Enable PPP Echo protocol? Yes

Number of seconds between transmission of echo requests

Acceptable loss of echo-reply packets 3

Enable local authentication protocol? Yes

Local PAP ID for this interface 192.32.4.1

Local PAP password (optional) lpwd

Authentication protocol enabled on remote peer? Yes

Remote peer PAP password rpwd

Enable Link Quality Reporting (LQR) protocol? Yes

Enable use of remote peer’s LQR timer? Yes

Minimum acceptable percentage of inbound packets 90

Minimum acceptable percentage of outbound packets 90

(continued)

SMDS Information

(To enable SMDS on a serial connector on this initial IP interface)

Enable SMDS on the interface? Yes

Individual address C16175554343FFFF

Group address E16175556667FFFF

ARP address E16175550000FFFF

308654-14.20 Rev 00

3-13

Chapter 4

Using the Installation Script

to Quick-Start a Router

The install.bat script establishes an initial IP network interface on the router so that your router can communicate with the workstation from which you will manage the router.

The script prompts you to enter the network information that dynamically configures the initial IP interface (see Appendix A for a sample script execution). You configure subsequent interfaces with Site Manager, the BCC, or another router configuration tool.

Note:

IP interface. For information about using the BCC, see Chapter 5, “Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router.”

Following are important points to remember about running the script:

• You must boot the router with the ti.cfg file before running the script.

• Do not overwrite the ti.cfg file.

• Save your initial configuration file using the file name startup.cfg.

• After the script completes successfully, do not reboot your router.

• If the script fails, see “

• If you must rerun the script, first reboot the router with the ti.cfg file.

• Immediately after running the script, you should secure your router to prevent

308654-14.20 Rev 00

You can use either the BCC or the install.bat script to establish an initial

Quick-Start Troubleshooting” on page 4-4.

unauthorized access. See Chapter 7, “Securing the Router.”

4-1

Quick-Starting Routers

Before you start the script, review Tab le 4- 1 for the commands that you use to run the script.

Table 4-1. Installation Script Commands

Script Action Your Input Result

Accept the default value. Press Return. Accept the default value that the script displays in

brackets, for example, [E21].

Repeat a step to make a correction.

Exit the installation script. Press Control-C. The script displays this prompt:

Press Control-C. The script displays this prompt:

Terminate script y/n?

Enter n to return to the beginning of the step so that you can reenter the information.

Terminate script y/n? Enter y to terminate the script and return to the Technician Interface prompt. Before rerunning the Quick-Start installation script, reboot the router using the ti.cfg file.

After booting the router with the ti.cfg file and establishing a new Technician Interface session, you are ready to run the install.bat installation script.

4-2

To run the script:

1. Access the volume where the installation files reside by entering:

<volume_number>

Include the colon (:) after the volume number.

For example, enter

Start the installation script by entering:

run install

cd 2:

Many steps in the installation script provide default values that you should accept. Some steps are optional for your network requirements.

Refer to your Quick-Start worksheet (see Chapter 3) as you respond to the prompts.

3. Select a slot and connector on the router.

4. If the slot you selected in step 3 contains a FRE

-4-PPC Ethernet link

module, select a line speed.

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Using the Installation Script to Quick-Start a Router

If you have a FRE-4-PPC processor module on a BN® router, the following prompt appears:

Enable Mini-RMON (y/n) [n]:

If you want to enable mini-RMON, enter y and press Return. If you do not want to enable mini-RMON, press Return to accept the default.

6. Configure IP on the interface.

Enable global services for:

• SNMP

• TFTP

• FTP

• Telnet

• HTTP Server

You can enable the HTTP (Web) Server on the router to access

Note:

embedded Web tools to view device information. For more information, see Managing Routers Using the HTTP Server.

8. Review the configuration.

9. Save the configuration file with the file name, startup.cfg.

10. Test the initial IP interface.

308654-14.20 Rev 00

The script displays a summary of the newly configured IP interface.

Accept the default name, startup.cfg. You save this initial IP configuration to the file to maintain a permanent copy for the next time you reboot the router.

Do not save your configuration file using the ti.cfg file name. That file should remain in its original, unconfigured state.

Do not save your file using the config file name. Use that file name only after you have fully tested a configuration file. The router uses the file name config as the default boot file and will automatically boot with it if another file is not specified.

The router tests the IP interface configuration by pinging its own interface. If successful, it prompts you for the IP address of the workstation that you will use to configure the router and attempts to ping it.

4-3

Quick-Starting Routers

If the ping test is not successful, the cause may be network problems that have nothing to do with the Quick-Start installation. To troubleshoot the network problems, you can leave the ping test by typing

Troubleshooting” for more information.

If the ping test is successful, the initial IP interface is enabled and the script displays this message:

Quick-Start Installation Completed

The Technician Interface prompt appears.

You now have a configuration file named startup.cfg on the router volume that contains your initial interface. The configuration is active in the router’s memory.

. See “Quick-Start

Caution:

Do not reboot the router after successfully completing the Quick-Start procedure. By default, the router reboots with the file named config, not the startup.cfg file that you just created. See Chapter 6, “Completing the Router Configuration,” for instructions on testing the startup.cfg file before you save it as the config file.

Immediately after you quick-start the router, you should secure it to prevent unauthorized access. See Chapter 7, “Securing the Router.”

Quick-Start Troubleshooting

If the router cannot ping the workstation during the Quick-Start procedure, check the following:

• If the router was able to ping its own interface, and the script prompted you

for the interface of the workstation, you probably have a successful installation. To make sure, continue with the remaining checks.

• Check the physical connections.

• If the workstation is a PC, a supported TCP/IP stack must be running for a

successful ping. See Chapter 8, “Installing Site Manager on a PC,” for information about TCP/IP stacks, adapters, and drivers.

4-4

• Verify the IP address of the router. Enter the

show ip circuits

command at the Technician Interface prompt to make sure that the physical interface is up and that the IP address is correct. For more information about the

show

command,

see Using Technician Interface Scripts.

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Using the Installation Script to Quick-Start a Router

• Verify the IP address and subnet mask address of the configuration workstation.

• If the workstation is on a different network, verify that routing is active. Enter the

show ip routes

command at the Technician Interface prompt to examine the routing table and verify that there is a route or a default route to the network where the workstation is located. For more information about the

command, see Using Technician Interface Scripts.

show

If the installation failed and you must rerun the script, first reboot the

Note:

router with the ti.cfg file.

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4-5

Chapter 5

Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

The Bay Command Console (BCC) is a command-line interface to your Nortel Networks router. You can configure and manage your routers using BCC commands. This chapter explains how to use the BCC to quick-start a router and produce an initial configuration file called startup.cfg. Refer to the following topics:

Topic Page

Overview of the BCC

Essential BCC Commands 5-4

Quick-Starting Your Router with the BCC 5-5

Quick-Start Troubleshooting with the BCC 5-13

Note:

You can use either the install.bat script or the BCC to establish an initial

5-2

IP interface. For information about using the script, see Chapter 4, “Using the Installation Script to Quick-Start a Router.”

See “Using the Quick-Start Worksheet” on page 3-2 to collect the network information that you need to quick-start the router with BCC commands.

Immediately after quick-starting with the BCC, you should secure your router to prevent unauthorized access. See Chapter 7, “Securing the Router.”

This chapter provides only the information you need to create an initial interface. You can continue the configuration with the BCC or another configuration tool, such as Site Manager.

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Quick-Starting Routers

Overview of the BCC

You access the BCC by entering

bcc

at the Technician Interface prompt. The bcc> prompt appears, from which you can run any BCC or Technician Interface command. You enter configuration mode by entering

config

The BCC views the router as a hierarchy of objects and parameters that you can configure either globally for the whole router or individually for each interface. The BCC always displays a prompt that indicates your current working context (or location) within the hierarchy.

You start from the root level (at the

box# or stack# prompt) and define each

interface and its protocols.

To quick-start a router:

Configure one Ethernet interface.

Add the IP protocol.

Add a routing protocol if the workstation is located on a different LAN than the router (Figure 5-1

Add global services that apply uniformly to all slots of a router: SNMP,

FTP, TFTP, Telnet, and the HTTP Server.

For more information about the BCC, see:

5-2

• Using the Bay Command Console (BCC)

• BCC Quick Reference

• Release Notes

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Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

box

box# ethernet 2/1

ethernet/2/1

ethernet/2/1# ip address 192.168.125.34 mask 255.255.255.0

(address 192.168.125.34 mask 255.255.255.0)

ip/192.168.125.34/255.255.255.0# rip

RIP

rip/192.168.125.34#

BCC0017B

Figure 5-1. Configuring IP and RIP on an Ethernet Interface

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5-3

Quick-Starting Routers

Essential BCC Commands

Tabl e 5-1 lists the essential BCC commands you need to use BCC Help, change

your location, view what you can configure, and review what you added. To run the Help, you must have the BCC Help file (for example, bcc_bn.hlp) installed.

Table 5-1. Essential BCC System and Navigation Commands

Category BCC Command Task

System Help ?

help

Configuration mode Help

Navigation back

Configuration mode

Configuration status

Other commands Control+p

help tree [-all]

info

lso

pwc

box (AN/ARN/BN) or stack (ASN/System 5000)

config Enter configuration mode.

show config -all Show the total device configuration in BCC syntax.

Control+n

exit Exit configuration mode; enter exit again to return to the

List the system commands that you can enter.

List BCC Help features.

List the names of all objects, parameters, and commands at this level.

Show the configuration syntax and list the parameters of an object that you can configure from the current level.

Display values for this parameter of the current object.

Show the BCC configuration structure.

List values assigned to parameters of this object.

Show objects configured at the next (branch) level.

Go back one level.

Show full context, starting from root level.

Return to the top level of router configuration.

Recall previous or next command from the command history list.

Technician Interface prompt.

5-4

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Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

Quick-Starting Your Router with the BCC

The following procedure provides a sequence of commands that you can use to quick-start your router on an Ethernet network. Before beginning this procedure you need to:

• Learn the basic BCC commands listed in Tab le 5 -1

• Complete the steps in Chapter 2, “Preparing the Router for Quick-Start,”

including booting the router with the ti.cfg file.

• For Passport routers, review the local boot procedure and slot and connector

information in Configuring Passport Remote Access. By default, the Passport router is configured to boot over the network. To quick-start a Passport router with the BCC, you must first change the default boot to local mode with the

bconfig config local

command.

To quick-start your router:

Log on to the Technician Interface as Manager.

Mounting new volume... Device label: Directory: 2: New Present Working Directory: 2:

Start the BCC interface.

[2:1]$

Manager

Welcome to the Backbone Technician Interface

bcc

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Welcome to the Bay Command Console!

* To enter configuration mode, type config

* To list all system commands, type ?

* To exit the BCC, type exit

bcc>

Start BCC configuration mode.

config

bcc> box#

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Quick-Starting Routers

Check the hardware configuration of the router.

box# box type freln (BLN router with a FRE controller)

back board slot 5

back

show config -all

board slot 1

type srml back board slot 2

type qenf back board slot 3

type wffddi2m back board slot 4

type sync

type dtok back back console portnum 1 prompt {[%slot%:1]$ } auto-manager-script automgr.bat auto-user-script autouser.bat back

(System Resource Module in slot 1)

(Quad Ethernet link module in slot 2)

(Multimode FDDI link module in slot 3)

(Synchronous link module in slot 4

(Dual token ring link module in slot 5)

(Console connected to port 1)

)

5-6

If you have a FRE-4-PPC processor module on a BN router and you want to enable mini-RMON, enter

box#

rmon

Enter native-rmon at the

rmon#

Configure a port on the router for the initial interface by adding an

native-rmon

rmon at the

rmon#

prompt.

box#

prompt.

interface type of Ethernet on a slot with an appropriate board and adding its first connector.

box#

ethernet slot

connector

Use the slot and connector number for your router. For example, enter:

box#

ethernet slot 2 connector 1

Add IP to this port by entering its IP address and subnet mask.

ethernet/2/1#

ip address

<ip_address>

mask

<mask_value>

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Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

For example, enter:

ethernet/2/1# ip/192.168.125.34/255.255.255.0#

ip address 192.168.125.34 mask 255.255.255.0

The BCC automatically enables ARP on this interface and adds IP globally to this router.

If your workstation is on the same LAN as the router, go to step 12

. If your workstation is not on the same LAN as the router, add one of the following routing protocols:

• RIP

• OSPF

• Static route

To add RIP as the routing protocol for this IP port, enter:

ip/192.168.125.34/255.255.255.0# rip/192.168.125.34#

rip

Go to step 12.

10.

To add OSPF as the routing protocol for this IP port:

At the IP interface prompt, enter:

ip/192.168.125.34/255.255.255.0#

ospf area

<area_id>

For example, the following command assigns the IP interface that you created to OSPF area 0.0.0.0, the OSPF backbone:

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ip/192.168.125.34/255.255.255.0#

View the default values assigned to this OSPF interface.

ospf/192.168.125.34#

area 0.0.0.0

authentication {}

dead-interval 40 hello-interval 10 metric 1

mtu 1

mtu-mismatch-detect enabled poll-interval 120 priority 1 retransmission-interval 5 state enabled transit-delay 1 type broadcast

info

ospf area 0.0.0.0

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Quick-Starting Routers

The type, hello-interval, and dead-interval parameters must match those of your network. To change these default values, refer to Tabl e 5- 1 page 5-4 parameter Help command (example:

to learn about the Help and navigation commands. Use the

) to view the values that you

type ?

can assign and any other parameters that you need to configure. For more information, see Using the Bay Command Console (BCC) and Configuring IP, ARP, RARP, RIP, and OSPF Services.

If the OSPF router ID is the same as the IP address of the first router port, go to step 12

If the OSPF router ID is different from the IP address of this first router port, return to root level to change the global OSPF router ID.

ospf/192.168.125.34# box#

Move to global IP:

box#

ip#

Move to global OSPF:

ip#

ospf

ospf#

Change the OSPF router ID:

ospf#

router-id

<ip_address>

For example, enter:

ospf#

router-id 192.168.125.10

Go to step 12.

11.

To add a static route to this IP port:

Return to the root level to configure the static route globally.

ip/192.168.125.34/255.255.255.0#

Move to global IP:

box#

box

5-8

Add a static route and the next hop:

ip#

static-route address

<destination_mask_value>

mask

<destination_ip_address>

next-hop-address

<ip_address>

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Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

For example, enter:

ip#

static-route address 192.168.124.10 mask 255.255.255.0

next-hop-address 192.168.125.35

static-route/192.168.124.10/255.255.255.0/192.168.125.35#

12.

Return to root level to configure global system services that affect all slots, such as SNMP, FTP, Telnet, TFTP, and the HTTP Server.

<current_level>#

13.

Add SNMP globally to the router:

box#

snmp

snmp#

14.

Specify an SNMP community name, for example, “public.”

snmp# community/public#

15.

Define the access level that you want for the port for router security.

community public

box

By default, access is read-only. If you want access to be read-write, enter:

community/public#

16.

Define the workstation that will be the SNMP manager for the router by

access read-write

entering:

community/public#

ip_address

is the address of the workstation that will be the SNMP manager.

manager

<ip_address>

(An address of 0.0.0.0 allows any workstation to be the manager.)

For example, enter:

community/public# manager/public/192.32.20.12#

manager 192.32.20.12

17.

18.

19.

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Return to root level.

manager/public/192.32.20.12#

box

Configure Telnet from the root level:

box#

telnet

Add the Telnet client.

telnet# client#

client

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Quick-Starting Routers

20.

Go back one level:

client# telnet#

21.

Add the Telnet server.

telnet#

22.

Return to root level.

server#

23.

Add TFTP to the router from the root level.

box#

24.

Return to root level.

tftp#

25.

Add FTP to the router from the root level.

box#

26.

Return to root level.

ftp#

27.

Add the HTTP Server to the router from the root level.

box#

28.

Return to root level.

back

server

box

tftp

box

ftp

box

http

5-10

http#

29.

Save your initial configuration file to the router volume as startup.cfg.

box#

box

save config

:startup.cfg

For example, enter:

box#

save config 2:startup.cfg

Save the configuration using a file name other than config until you can test the configuration file.

30.

Test the initial IP interface by pinging the router’s own interface.

box#

<ip_address>

ping

For example, enter:

box#

ping 192.168.125.34

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Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

31.

Test the initial IP interface by pinging the workstation where you use the BCC or other configuration tool.

box#

<ip_address>

ping

For example, enter:

box#

ping 192.32.20.12

If either ping is unsuccessful, see “Quick-Start Troubleshooting with the

BCC” on page 5-13.

32.

Review your initial router configuration:

box#

show config -all

This command shows the total device configuration in terms of BCC syntax (commands and data), and returns you to the current context.

For example, enter:

box#

show config -all

box type freln board slot 1 type srml back board slot 2 type qenf back board slot 3 type sync back board slot 4 type wffddi2m back board slot 5 type dtok back ftp back snmp community label public access read-write manager address 192.32.20.12 back back back tftp back telnet

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5-11

Quick-Starting Routers

client back server back back ip arp back rip back tcp back back ethernet slot 2 connector 1 circuit-name E21 ip address 192.168.125.34 mask 255.255.255.224 arp back rip back back back console portnum 1 auto-manager-script automgr.bat auto-user-script autouser.bat prompt {[%slot%:1]$ } back back

5-12

33.

Exit BCC configuration mode by entering the exit command at any prompt.

box#

exit

bcc>

34.

When you finish using the BCC, enter the

command at the

exit

prompt.

bcc>

exit

[2:1]$

Exiting the BCC returns you to the Technician Interface prompt.

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bcc>

Using the BCC to Quick-Start a Router

You now have a configuration file named startup.cfg on the router volume that contains your initial interface. The configuration is active in the router’s memory.

Caution:

Immediately after you quick-start the router, you should secure it to prevent unauthorized access. See Chapter 7, “Securing the Router.”

Quick-Start Troubleshooting with the BCC

If the router cannot ping the workstation during the Quick-Start procedure, check the following:

• The network could be slow or disabled, or the ping test timed out. Continue

checking the other items.

• Check the physical connections.

• If the workstation is a PC, a supported TCP/IP stack must be running for a

successful ping. See Chapter 8, “Installing Site Manager on a PC,” for information about TCP/IP stacks, adapters, and drivers.

• Verify the IP address of the router. Enter the

any BCC prompt to make sure that the physical interface is up and that the IP address is correct. For more information about the command, see Reference for BCC IP show Commands.

show ip interfaces

command at

• Verify the IP address and subnet mask address of the configuration

• If the workstation is on a different network, verify that routing is active. Enter

Note:

chapter, first reboot the router with the ti.cfg file.

308654-14.20 Rev 00

workstation.

show ip routes

the

command at any BCC prompt to examine the routing table and verify that there is a route or a default route to the network where the workstation is located. For more information about the

show ip routes

command, see Reference for BCC IP show Commands.

If the installation failed and you must repeat the procedures in this

5-13

Chapter 6

Completing the Router Configuration

This chapter provides an overview of the tools and procedures that you can use to complete the router’s configuration. Refer to the following topics:

Topic Page

Selecting a Configuration Tool

Completing the Configuration Procedure 6-2

Communicating with the Router Remotely 6-3

Selecting a Configuration Tool

Nortel Networks provides the following tools for configuring your router. See the release notes for information about the platforms, interfaces, and protocols that each tool supports.

• The BCC

The BCC is a command-line interface for configuration. You can enhance your Quick-Start configuration with the BCC for the supported interfaces and protocols. Configuration files created with the BCC can be modified with other tools, but first make sure that you save the BCC configuration as a binary file.

For more information, see Using the Bay Command Console (BCC).

6-1

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6-1

Quick-Starting Routers

• Site Manager

Site Manager is a graphical user interface for configuration. If you need to install Site Manager, see the installation chapter for your workstation later in this guide (Chapters 8 through 12).

For information about using Site Manager, see Configuring and Managing

Routers with Site Manager.

• Optivity NCS

Optivity Network Configuration System (NCS) provides a graphical user interface for editing and managing device configuration files on multiple network platforms. You can use Optivity NCS applications to create and edit router configurations, store and distribute groups of router files, and boot multiple routers. For information, see the Optivity NCS documentation set on the Technical Documentation Web site. (The URL for this Web site is provided in the “Hard-Copy Technical Manuals” section of the Preface.)

• Technician Interface

The Technician Interface is a command-line interface for managing routers and setting MIB values. (BCC commands are gradually replacing Technician Interface functions.)

For more information, see Using Technician Interface Software.

Completing the Configuration Procedure

The Quick-Start procedure creates a configuration file named startup.cfg on the router. The initial configuration is active in the router’s memory.

You use a configuration tool to add protocols and ports to the initial configuration. After testing the new configuration, you save it using the file name config, the router’s default configuration file.

Note:

Create and test a new config file as soon as you complete the Quick-Start procedure. By default, the router boots using the config file unless you specify another file. You should always keep a working, tested file named config to ensure that the router operates correctly.

6-2

308654-14.20 Rev 00

The following steps outline the general procedure for modifying the initial configuration with your chosen tool:

Make a backup copy of the startup.cfg file using the configuration tool.

Modify the startup.cfg file by adding interfaces and protocols.

Save the modified configuration as a test file, for example, test.cfg.

Boot the router with the test configuration file.

Verify that the router’s new configuration works correctly.

Save the verified configuration file as config.

Always save a copy of the current config file before you overwrite it.

Communicating with the Router Remotely

In addition to the network connections you make to the router with tools such as Site Manager, you can also communicate with the router remotely using:

• Telnet connections

Completing the Router Configuration

• Out-of-band connections

Telnet Connections

You can manage a router from a remote workstation by establishing a Telnet connection and using the router’s Technician Interface and the BCC. See Using Technician Interface Software for information about establishing a Telnet session.

Out-of-Band Connections

As a backup method of reaching the Technician Interface and the BCC, you can also access the router remotely through the modem port. This connection is called a remote out-of-band connection. Out-of-band means that this connection is not dependent on a network connection, so that you can still communicate with your router even if the network is down.

See Using Technician Interface Software for information about modem connections and your installation guide for information abut connecting modems.

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6-3

Chapter 7

Securing the Router

Nortel Networks recommends that you immediately secure your router to prevent unauthorized access. This chapter provides an overview of the security features and services that you can use:

Topic Page

Assigning a Password to the Technician Interface

Securing New Routers with the BCC or the Installation Script 7-2

Setting Global IP Access Policies with the BCC 7-3

Restricting Read/Write Access with SNMP Communities 7-3

Setting Secure Mode 7-4

Authentication Failure Traps 7-5

Assigning SecurID to Telnet Connections 7-6

Turning Off FTP and Telnet on the Router 7-6

Using the Image Builder to Remove Services 7-6

Restricting Access to the HTTP Server 7-6

Configuring RADIUS 7-7

Installing BaySecure FireWall-1 7-7

Configuring IP Security (IPsec) 7-8

7-2

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7-1

Quick-Starting Routers

Assigning a Password to the Technician Interface

The Technician Interface provides local and remote access to your router’s file system. You should immediately add a security password for the administrator of the router’s Technician Interface.

Enter the password command for the Manager login:

password Manager

The console displays the following message:

Changing password for Manager Old password:

Because there is no old password, press Return.

New Password:

Enter the new password.

The password can have from 0 through 16 alphanumeric characters.

Retype new password:

Reenter your password at the prompt.

The console displays the following message:

Manager password changed

See Using Technician Interface Software for instructions on setting passwords for users.

Securing New Routers with the BCC or the Installation Script

Although you can quick-start routers using either the BCC or the install.bat script, the BCC provides an operational advantage if you have security concerns.

By default, the BCC adds read-only access to the router. You must explicitly configure write access. After you quick-start the router, you can immediately use the BCC to change the global IP access policies and secure the router.

The install.bat script adds SNMP read/write access by default. You must then establish a Site Manager (or other configuration tool) session before you can add security for IP services.

7-2

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Securing the Router

See “Setting Global IP Access Policies with the BCC” and “Restricting Read/Write Access with SNMP Communities” for additional information.

Setting Global IP Access Policies with the BCC

The BCC allows you to create global IP access policies for routers that control access to specific IP services, including Telnet, FTP, TFTP, NTP, SNMP, and the HTTP Server.

You define a policy and its actions by setting BCC parameters. For more information, see the appendix “Configuring IP Global Access Policies” in Configuring IP Utilities.

Restricting Read/Write Access with SNMP Communities

You can use either Site Manager or the BCC to control SNMP access to the router. You should restrict read/write access to the router as soon as possible by reconfiguring the SNMP communities.

When you add SNMP with the BCC, access is defined by default as read-only. You should immediately add managers to control any write access that you explicitly add.

By default, the Quick-Start installation script (install.bat) creates a read/write SNMP community named “public” with a wildcard manager (0.0.0.0) that allows universal read/write access. Nortel Networks strongly recommends that you use Site Manager or BCC commands to:

Reconfigure the “public” community as read-only for universal access.

Create a read/write community with a unique name (for example, EASTBAY) and a manager list containing the IP addresses of the workstations that need read/write access to the router.

See Configuring SNMP, BootP, and DHCP Services for more information about configuring SNMP. See Using the Bay Command Console (BCC) for information about BCC commands.

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7-3

Quick-Starting Routers

Setting Secure Mode

Nortel Networks routers have an optional security mechanism, called secure mode, that uses an encryption algorithm to prevent unauthorized SNMP SET

requests to the MIB variables of the router.

In secure mode, when Site Manager issues the first SET request within an application, you must enter a key to allow Site Manager to operate in secure mode. A Site Manager SET request to the router includes the encrypted value of a counter. When the agent on the router receives the SET request, it compares the encrypted value to the value of its own counter plus 1. If the two counters match, the agent considers the SET request authentic, increments the counter by 2, stores it in encrypted form in the MIB, and sends it back to Site Manager.

Secure mode protects against these security violations:

• Message stream modification, in which an intruder reorders, delays, or replays

SET requests to specify unauthorized management settings

• Masquerade operations, in which an intruder assumes the IP address of an

authorized user to specify unauthorized management settings

7-4

Secure mode does not protect against the following security violations, which are beyond the scope of this proprietary interim security system:

• Modification of information, in which an intruder intercepts a packet,

modifies its contents, and reinserts it into the message stream before the agent’s counter increments

• Disclosure, in which an intruder observes which variables are being set

Enabling the security mechanism only minimally affects router performance. The security mechanism has no effect on the ability of Site Manager, or of any SNMP network manager, to monitor the router by performing GET, GET-NEXT, or trap functions.

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Specifying Secure Mode

To set the router to secure mode:

Set up private, read/write SNMP communities for your router using Site Manager.

You cannot use public communities with secure mode. See “

Restricting Read/Write Access with SNMP Communities”

on page 7-3

Using the Technician Interface on the router, enter the following command:

wfsnmpmode 3

indicates that the router should operate using the proprietary security

mechanism.

Specify a password key for the encryption algorithm to use when it encrypts the security counters by entering the following command:

Securing the Router

for instructions on changing SNMP communities.

wfsnmpkey

is the string of ASCII characters that you select to make up the encryption

key

<key>

code for this router. The key can have up to six characters. The encryption algorithm uses the attributes of the key (size, range, and value) in the encryption process.

To turn off secure mode and revert to the default SNMP community security mode (called trivial mode), enter the following Technician Interface command:

wfsnmpmode 1

Authentication Failure Traps

The router generates an authentication failure trap when it receives an SNMP message from an SNMP manager falsely claiming to be in a particular community or specifying an unknown community.

To enable the authentication failure trap feature on the router, configure an SNMP community manager to receive the trap. (See Configuring SNMP, BootP, and DHCP Services.)

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7-5

Quick-Starting Routers

Assigning SecurID to Telnet Connections

You can enable password protection for your Telnet connections to the router using SecurID services. See Using Technician Interface Software for information about enabling SecurID services.

Turning Off FTP and Telnet on the Router

If you have local access to your router or do not need network access to maintain your router, consider turning off FTP and Telnet. Your router will be more secure without network access and will require less memory and processing overhead.

You can use the BCC or Site Manager to turn off these services. See Configuring IP Utilities for instructions.

Using the Image Builder to Remove Services

The Image Builder tool provided with Site Manager allows you to modify the router software image. You can use the Image Builder tool to remove unwanted services and protocols, such as FTP, from the router. See Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for more information.

Restricting Access to the HTTP Server

The HTTP Server uses the following Technician Interface logins and passwords to restrict access:

• The Manager login allows access to all services. To sign on as Manager on the

HTTP Server, you must first add a password for Manager using the Technician Interface (see “Assigning a Password to the Technician Interface on page 7-2

• The User login prohibits access to the SNMP community page and prevents

changes to the ports and protocols on the router. A password is not required.

• The Operator login prohibits access to the SNMP community page, but allows

you to make changes to the ports and protocols on the router.

For complete information about configuring access to the HTTP (Web) Server, see Managing Routers Using the HTTP Server.

7-6

”

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Configuring RADIUS

Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) defines a method of centralizing authentication and accounting information for networks with many remote dial-in users. By placing authentication and accounting functions in one central location, you can improve security and better manage large networks.

In a network using RADIUS, the router is the RADIUS client. The client is the connection point between remote users and a RADIUS server. The server has the information that it needs to identify remote users and to keep accounting information for each call.

For more information, see Configuring RADIUS.

Installing BaySecure FireWall-1

For additional network security, Nortel Networks provides BaySecure™ FireWall-1 software for the AN, ARN, BN, ASN, and System 5000 routers. This software integrates the Check Point FireWall-1 network security engine from Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. into the Nortel Networks router software to create a security system that provides fully secure, antispoofing communication for all Internet applications and services. For more information, see Configuring BaySecure FireWall-1.

Securing the Router

To purchase or learn more about BaySecure FireWall-1 software, call Nortel Networks Sales at 1-800-8-BAYNET.

Configuring IP Security (IPsec)

IP Security (IPsec) is a set of emerging standards being developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to provide secure communication over IP networks. These standards are designed to ensure secure, private communication for remote access, extranet, and intranet virtual private networks (VPNs). IPsec is designed to work flexibly with different encryption algorithms, authentication methods, and key exchange methods.

The Nortel Networks implementation of IPsec provides network layer (layer 3) security services for WAN communications on AN, ARN, BN, ASN, Passport 5430, Passport 2430, and System 5000 routers. For more information about IPsec and instructions for configuring it on a router, see Configuring IPsec Services.

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Chapter 8

Installing Site Manager on a PC

Site Manager is a graphical user interface for router configuration and management over an IP network. To install Site Manager on a PC running Windows 95 or Windows 98, review the following topics:

Topic Page

System Requirements

Updating TCP/IP, Network Adapters, and Drivers 8-2

Loading and Starting Site Manager Software 8-4

System Requirements

To run Site Manager, your PC must meet the following hardware and software requirements:

• 486 PC (Pentium PC recommended)

• Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows 98 (32-bit)

• 16 MB of RAM (minimum)

• 90 MB of free disk space

• Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows 95 or 98 and compatible network adapter and

driver

• CD-ROM drive

• VGA monitor (SuperVGA monitor recommended)

8-1

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8-1

Quick-Starting Routers

Updating TCP/IP, Network Adapters, and Drivers

Site Manager for Windows 95 or 98 requires the Microsoft TCP/IP protocol stack provided with Windows 95 or 98 and a compatible network adapter and driver.

If you purchased a PC with Windows 95 or 98 and a network adapter installed, most likely you have the correct TCP/IP protocol stack, network adapter, and driver. Go to “

If you need to upgrade from Windows 3.1 to Windows 95 or 98, first uninstall any existing 16-bit TCP/IP stack, such as Distinct TCP/IP Run Time. Otherwise, Windows 95 or 98 will install that stack instead of the Microsoft TCP/IP protocol stack.

If you already upgraded from Windows 3.1 to Windows 95 or 98 and the upgrade kept an existing 16-bit TCP/IP stack, such as Distinct TCP/IP Run Time, you must uninstall the 16-bit TCP/IP stack before adding the Microsoft TCP/IP protocol stack.

To uninstall a 16-bit TCP/IP stack, refer to the TCP/IP provider’s documentation and support for help in removing the stack’s path statements, services file, and WINSOCK.DLL files dated prior to July 11, 1995 (the date of the WINSOCK.DLL file installed by Windows 95 or 98).

Testing TCP/IP” on page 8-3.

8-2

To add or update a protocol, network adapter, or driver, refer to the appropriate documentation and support from Microsoft and the adapter manufacturer. Protocol and driver updates are added from the Network option of the Control Panel. New network adapters and their drivers are added from the Add New Hardware option of the Control Panel.

Windows 95 or 98 attempts to match a driver to the network adapter installed on your PC. If it cannot match a compatible driver, you need to update the driver. Contact the adapter manufacturer for the latest drivers. Microsoft and other Windows 95 or 98 Web sites may also have updated drivers.

Refer to the Resource Kit that came with your version of Windows for additional technical information about these issues. A hard copy is available from Microsoft Press.

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Preparing the Network Control Panel

In addition to obtaining the supported TCP/IP protocol, network adapters, and drivers, you need to configure the Network option of the Control Panel with the information required for your network.

Choose Control Panel > Network > TCP/IP > Properties to display the TCP/IP Properties window, which contains tabs for the following information:

• IP address

• WINS configuration

• Gateway

• Bindings

• Advanced

• DNS configuration

Refer to your Windows 95 or 98 Help or documentation for information about setting the parameters in these windows.

Installing Site Manager on a PC

Testing TCP/IP

Before installing Site Manager, send a ping request to the router to make sure that your computer’s TCP/IP function is running.

1. From the Start menu, choose Programs > MS-DOS Prompt.

2. Enter the following command to ping your router:

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ping

<ip_address>

ip_address

is the IP address of your router.

Messages appear at the prompt indicating whether replies were received. Replies verify that your Microsoft TCP/IP protocol stack is functional.

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Quick-Starting Routers

Loading and Starting Site Manager Software

Caution:

If you are installing a new version of Site Manager on a PC, be aware that the installation will overwrite the c:\windows\siteman.ini file. If you plan to run more than one version of Site Manager on the same PC, copy the existing siteman.ini file under a new name, then edit the newly installed siteman.ini file to include the information from the previous versions.

To install Site Manager software from a CD:

Insert the Nortel Networks Site Manager CD into your CD-ROM drive.

2. Access the Run window by choosing Run from the Start menu.

3. Type the CD-ROM drive, path, and executable file:

<CD-ROM_drive>

Click on OK.

:\ms_win\setup.exe

You can also use the Browse button, Windows Explorer, or My Computer to select the CD-ROM drive and the path to the ms_win directory, and then click on the setup.exe file.

The installation script prompts you for the directory where you want to install Site Manager.

5. Enter the name of the directory where you want to install Site Manager,

or accept the default directory, c:\WF.

8-4

The Site Manager files are installed in the specified directory. When the installation is finished, the following prompt appears:

Create Windows program group/items automatically?

6. To add Site Manager as a selection on the Start > Programs menu, click

on Yes.

This option allows you to start Site Manager after installation by choosing Start > Programs > Site Manager > PC_Site Manager.

If you do not want Site Manager to appear as a selection on the Start > Programs menu, click on No.

The following prompt appears:

Do you want to start Site Manager now?

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Installing Site Manager on a PC

Click on Yes to start Site Manager.

The Router Connection Options window opens.

8. Enter the IP address and SNMP community of the initial router interface

that you created during the Quick-Start procedure.

Click on OK to display the main Site Manager window (Figure 8-1).

Figure 8-1. Site Manager Window

After you successfully install and start Site Manager, see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for more information.

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Chapter 9

Installing Site Manager

on a Workstation Running Windows NT

Site Manager is a graphical user interface for router configuration and management over an IP network. To install Site Manager on a workstation running Windows NT, review the following topics:

Topic Page