Avaya Frame Relay User Manual

BayRS Version 14.20

Part No. 308624-14.20 Rev 00 September 2000

600 Technology Park Drive Billerica, MA 01821-4130

Configuring Frame Relay Services

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc.

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Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.

Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

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308624-14.20 Rev 00

Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement

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308624-14.20 Rev 00

iii

for the security of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files, data, or programs.

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308624-14.20 Rev 00

Preface

Before You Begin ............................................................................................................ xvii

Text Conventions ........................................................................................................... xviii

Acronyms .........................................................................................................................xix

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals .........................................................................................xxi

How to Get Help .............................................................................................................xxii

Chapter 1 Frame Relay Overview

Introduction to Frame Relay ............................................................................................1-2

Permanent Virtual Circuits .............................................................................................. 1-3

Switched Virtual Circuits ................................................................................................. 1-3

PVC and SVC Comparison ............................................................................................1-4

Frame Relay Packets ......................................................................................................1-5

Management Protocols ................................................................................................... 1-7

Frame Relay SVC Signaling and LAPF ..........................................................................1-8

LAPF Operational States ......................................................................................... 1-9

LAPF Timeout and Retransmission Timers ...........................................................1-10

Timer T200 ......................................................................................................1-10

Timer T203 ......................................................................................................1-11

SVC Signaling ..............................................................................................................1-11

Call Setup ...............................................................................................................1-11

Message Processing ..............................................................................................1-13

Frame Relay Service Records ......................................................................................1-14

Default Service Record .......................................................................................... 1-14

Multiple Service Records .......................................................................................1-15

Adding and Moving PVCs ......................................................................................1-15

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Frame Relay Access Modes .........................................................................................1-15

Group Access Mode ...............................................................................................1-15

Direct Access Mode ............................................................................................... 1-16

Hybrid Access Mode ..............................................................................................1-16

Using Hybrid Mode for Transparent Bridging .........................................................1-17

Source Routing .............................................................................................................1-18

RFC 1490 .....................................................................................................................1-18

Address Resolution for PVCs .......................................................................................1-18

Address Resolution for SVCs .......................................................................................1-19

Traffic Control ................................................................................................................1-19

Data Compression ........................................................................................................1-20

Data Encryption ............................................................................................................1-21

Protocol Prioritization ...................................................................................................1-21

Congestion Control .......................................................................................................1-22

Traffic Shaping ..............................................................................................................1-23

Committed Information Rate ..................................................................................1-23

Committed Burst Rate and Excess Burst Rate ...................................................... 1-24

Quality of Service ...................................................................................................1-25

Traffic Shaping for SVCs ........................................................................................ 1-27

Requesting Quality of Service .........................................................................1-27

Refining Quality of Service ..............................................................................1-28

Traffic Shaping Configuration Notes for PVCs and SVCs ...................................... 1-29

CIR Configuration Guidelines .......................................................................... 1-29

Using Data Compression and Traffic Shaping .................................................1-30

Oversubscribing the Traffic Shaping Interface .................................................1-31

Queue Limits and Data Clipping ......................................................................1-31

Congestion Counters and Timers ....................................................................1-32

Automatic Traffic Shaping—Single Point Provisioning ...........................................1-33

How BayRS Uses Single Point Provisioning ....................................................1-34

X.213 Priority for SVCs .................................................................................................1-35

Inactivity Timing for SVCs .............................................................................................1-35

Managing Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Inactivity Timing ......................1-36

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Multiline for PVCs .........................................................................................................1-37

Traffic Distribution Between Data Paths .................................................................1-38

Random Distribution ........................................................................................1-38

Address-Based Distribution .............................................................................1-39

Protocol Prioritization and Multiline Incompatibility ................................................ 1-39

PVC Pass-Through ....................................................................................................... 1-39

Frame Relay Dial Services ...........................................................................................1-40

Synchronous Line Configuration for Frame Relay ........................................................1-41

Calculating the MTU Size for Frame Relay Connections ..............................................1-41

Chapter 2 Starting Frame Relay

Starting Configuration Tools ...........................................................................................2-1

Preparing a Configuration File ........................................................................................2-2

Starting Frame Relay ......................................................................................................2-2

Configuring PVCs and SVCs .......................................................................................... 2-4

Configuring a PVC ................................................................................................... 2-4

Configuring an SVC ................................................................................................. 2-6

Configuring Adjacent Hosts for an SVC Service Record ...................................2-7

Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay Interfaces

Configuring Interfaces Using the BCC or Site Manager .................................................3-1

Selecting a Management Type .......................................................................................3-2

Setting XOFF Control .....................................................................................................3-4

Selecting Address Type and Length ...............................................................................3-5

Selecting a DLCI Address Type ...............................................................................3-5

Selecting a DLCI Address Length ............................................................................ 3-5

Monitoring the Connection ..............................................................................................3-7

Polling Interval ..........................................................................................................3-7

Full Enquiry Interval ................................................................................................. 3-8

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vii

Error Threshold and Monitored Events ....................................................................3-8

Polling Interval ...................................................................................................3-9

Full Enquiry Interval ...........................................................................................3-9

Error Threshold ................................................................................................3-10

Monitored Events .............................................................................................3-10

Deleting Frame Relay ...................................................................................................3-12

Chapter 4 Customizing PVCs

Configuring PVCs Using the BCC or Site Manager ........................................................ 4-2

Adding Service Records .................................................................................................4-3

Deleting Service Records ...............................................................................................4-4

Adding PVCs to Service Records ................................................................................... 4-5

Deleting PVCs from Service Records ............................................................................ 4-7

Moving PVCs from One Service Record to Another ....................................................... 4-9

Enabling Multicast ........................................................................................................4-10

Configuring Hybrid Mode for PVCs ..............................................................................4-12

Configuring PVC Pass-Through ...................................................................................4-13

Configuring Pass-Through PVCs ...........................................................................4-13

Mapping Pass-Through PVCs ................................................................................4-14

Controlling Congestion for PVCs ..................................................................................4-15

Configuring Congestion Control for an Interface .................................................... 4-15

Congestion Control ..........................................................................................4-16

Congestion Timer ............................................................................................4-16

Congestion Counter .........................................................................................4-17

Congestion Method ......................................................................................... 4-17

Configuring Congestion Control for Individual PVCs ............................................. 4-18

Congestion Control ..........................................................................................4-19

Congestion Timer ............................................................................................4-19

Congestion Counter .........................................................................................4-20

Congestion Method ......................................................................................... 4-20

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Using Traffic Shaping ....................................................................................................4-21

Normal, High, and Low Queue Limits ....................................................................4-22

Committed Burst ....................................................................................................4-23

Excess Burst ..........................................................................................................4-23

CIR (Throughput) ...................................................................................................4-24

Enabling Single Point Provisioning .........................................................................4-26

Disabling and Reenabling Data Compression for PVCs ...............................................4-26

Grouping Service Records for Multiline Mode ..............................................................4-27

Removing Multiline Services ..................................................................................4-29

Chapter 5 Customizing SVCs

Adding Service Records for SVCs ..................................................................................5-2

Deleting Service Records for SVCs ................................................................................ 5-4

Call Screening and Blocking ...........................................................................................5-5

SVC Call Block Direction ..........................................................................................5-5

SVC Screening .........................................................................................................5-6

SVC Screen Usage ..................................................................................................5-6

Adding SVC Options to Service Records ....................................................................... 5-7

Disabling SVCs ...............................................................................................................5-9

Disconnecting Active SVCs ..........................................................................................5-10

Modifying LAPF Parameters for SVCs ..........................................................................5-11

State .......................................................................................................................5-12

Station Type ...........................................................................................................5-12

Initiation Mode ........................................................................................................5-13

Retransmission Timer ............................................................................................5-13

Idle Timer ...............................................................................................................5-14

Retransmission Limit ..............................................................................................5-14

Information Limit .....................................................................................................5-15

Window Size ..........................................................................................................5-15

Modifying Signaling Parameters for SVCs ....................................................................5-17

State .......................................................................................................................5-17

Maximum SVCs .....................................................................................................5-18

Setup Timer ............................................................................................................5-18

Disconnect Timer ...................................................................................................5-19

Release Timer ........................................................................................................5-19

308624-14.20 Rev 00

Call Proceeding Timer ............................................................................................5-20

Status Enquiry Timer .............................................................................................5-20

Status Enquiry Retry ..............................................................................................5-21

Setting Inactivity Values for SVCs ................................................................................5-22

Service Record Inactivity Values ............................................................................5-22

Individual SVC Inactivity Values .............................................................................5-24

Controlling Congestion for SVCs ..................................................................................5-26

Configuring Congestion Control for an Interface .................................................... 5-27

Congestion Control ..........................................................................................5-27

Congestion Timer ............................................................................................5-27

Congestion Counter .........................................................................................5-28

Congestion Method ......................................................................................... 5-28

Configuring Congestion Control for Individual SVCs ............................................. 5-30

Congestion Control ..........................................................................................5-30

Congestion Timer ............................................................................................5-30

Congestion Counter .........................................................................................5-31

Congestion Method ......................................................................................... 5-31

Using Traffic Shaping with SVCs ..................................................................................5-33

Enabling Traffic Shaping .........................................................................................5-33

Customizing Traffic Shaping Quality of Service .....................................................5-35

Committed Burst ..............................................................................................5-35

Excess Burst ....................................................................................................5-36

CIR (Throughput) .............................................................................................5-37

Disabling and Reenabling Data Compression for SVCs ...............................................5-39

Setting X.213 Priorities for SVCs ..................................................................................5-41

Appendix A Site Manager Parameters

Interface Parameters ..................................................................................................... A-2

SVC LAPF Parameters ................................................................................................ A-11

SVC Signaling Parameters .......................................................................................... A-16

Service Name Parameter ............................................................................................ A-21

PVC Parameters .......................................................................................................... A-23

DLCI Parameter for Each PVC .............................................................................. A-23

PVC Service Record Parameters .......................................................................... A-25

Multiline Algorithm Parameter ............................................................................... A-31

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SVC Service Record Parameters ................................................................................ A-34

SVC Service List Parameters ................................................................................ A-34

SVC Options Parameters ...................................................................................... A-39

SVC Options List for Service Parameters ............................................................. A-42

Appendix B RIP Management for Frame Relay SVCs

Appendix C Monitoring Frame Relay Using the BCC show Command

Online Help for show Commands .................................................................................. C-2

show frame-relay congestion ......................................................................................... C-2

show frame-relay multiline ............................................................................................. C-4

show frame-relay services ............................................................................................. C-5

show frame-relay shaping .............................................................................................. C-6

show frame-relay stats ................................................................................................... C-7

show frame-relay stats dlcmi ................................................................................... C-7

show frame-relay stats error .................................................................................... C-8

show frame-relay stats lapf ..................................................................................... C-9

show frame-relay stats lapf errors .................................................................... C-9

show frame-relay stats lapf receive ................................................................ C-10

show frame-relay stats lapf traffic ................................................................... C-11

show frame-relay stats lapf transmit ............................................................... C-11

show frame-relay stats shaping ............................................................................. C-12

show frame-relay stats signaling ........................................................................... C-13

show frame-relay stats signaling receive ........................................................ C-14

show frame-relay stats signaling transmit ....................................................... C-15

show frame-relay stats vcs .................................................................................... C-16

show frame-relay summary ......................................................................................... C-17

show frame-relay svcs ................................................................................................. C-19

show frame-relay svcs calls .................................................................................. C-19

show frame-relay svcs priority ............................................................................... C-20

show frame-relay svcs shaping ............................................................................. C-20

show frame-relay vcs ................................................................................................... C-21

Index

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Figures

Figure 1-1. Frame Relay Network ..............................................................................1-2

Figure 1-2. Frame Relay Header: 2-Byte Format .......................................................1-5

Figure 1-3. Frame Relay Header: 3- and 4-Byte Formats ..........................................1-6

Figure 1-4. Structure of the DLCMI ............................................................................ 1-7

Figure 1-5. Frame Relay Signaling and LAPF Standards .......................................... 1-8

Figure 1-6. Hybrid Mode Configuration, Non-Fully Meshed Network ....................... 1-16

Figure 1-7. Example of a Bridged Network ..............................................................1-17

Figure 1-8. Big Pipe/Little Pipe Topology ..................................................................1-20

Figure 1-9. Detecting and Controlling Network Congestion .....................................1-22

Figure 1-10. Traffic Shaping Queues ..........................................................................1-26

Figure 1-11. FECNs and BECNs in Big Pipe/Little Pipe Topology .............................1-33

Figure 1-12. Multiline Network ....................................................................................1-37

Figure 1-13. PVC Pass-Through ................................................................................1-40

Figure A-1. Frame Relay Interface List Window (for PVCs) ....................................... A-2

Figure A-2. Frame Relay Interface List Window (for SVCs) ....................................... A-3

Figure A-3. FR LAPF Parameters Window .............................................................. A-11

Figure A-4. Frame Relay Signaling Parameters Window ......................................... A-16

Figure A-5. Frame Relay Service List Window (for PVCs) ....................................... A-21

Figure A-6. Frame Relay PVC Add Window ............................................................ A-23

Figure A-7. FR PVC List for Service Window .......................................................... A-25

Figure A-8. Services Multilined With Window .......................................................... A-31

Figure A-9. Add Multiline Services Window ............................................................. A-32

Figure A-10. Frame Relay Service List Window (for SVCs) ....................................... A-34

Figure A-11. Frame Relay SVC Options Add Window ............................................... A-39

Figure A-12. FR SVC Options List for Service Window ............................................. A-42

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Tables

Table 1-1. PVC and SVC Protocol and Feature Support ..........................................1-4

Table 1-2. LAPF Timeout and Retransmission Timers ...........................................1-10

Table 1-3. Network Timers ......................................................................................1-12

Table 1-4. Message Processing ..............................................................................1-13

Table 1-5. How Protocols Handle Address Resolution ...........................................1-19

Table 1-6. Incoming and Outgoing .......................................................................... 1-29

Table 1-7. Guidelines on the Maximum Number of PVCs ......................................1-34

Table 1-8. Inactivity Timer and Inactivity Timer Mode Interaction ...........................1-36

Table 1-9. Synchronous Line Parameters for Frame Relay ....................................1-41

Table 1-10. MTU Adjustments for Frame Relay Connections ...................................1-42

Table 3-1. Interface Configuration Tasks ................................................................... 3-1

Table 4-1. PVC Configuration Tasks .........................................................................4-2

Table B-1. RIP Parameters ....................................................................................... B-2

308624-14.20 Rev 00

Preface

This guide describes frame relay and what you do to start and customize frame relay services on a Nortel Networks

™

router.

You can use the Bay Command Console (BCC frame relay on a router. In this guide, you will find instructions for using both the BCC and Site Manager.

Before You Begin

Before using this guide with a new router, you must complete the following procedures. For a new router:

• Install the router (see the installation guide that came with your router).

• Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file (see

Quick-Starting Routers, Configuring BayStack Remote Access, or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network).

• Make sure that you are running the latest version of Nortel Networks BayRS and Site Manager software. For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager, see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS.

™

) or Site Manager to configure

™

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Configuring Frame Relay Services

Text Conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions:

angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the

description inside the brackets. Do not type the brackets when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

ip_address

ping < ping 192.32.10.12

, you enter:

bold text

Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter.

Example: Enter

Example: Use the

show ip {alerts | routes}.

command.

dinfo

braces ({}) Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions

where there is more than one option. You must choose only one of the options. Do not type the braces when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip {alerts | routes} show ip alerts or show ip routes

, you must enter either:

, but not both.

brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions. Do

not type the brackets when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip interfaces [-alerts] show ip interfaces

, you can enter either:

show ip interfaces -alerts

ellipsis points (. . . ) Indicate that you repeat the last element of the

command as needed.

xviii

Example: If the command syntax is:

ethernet/2/1 [< ethernet/2/1

parameter> <value

and as many parameter-value pairs as

needed.

>] . . .

, you enter

308624-14.20 Rev 00

Preface

italic text Indicates new terms, book titles, and variables in

command syntax descriptions. Where a variable is two or more words, the words are connected by an underscore.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show at <

valid_route

is one variable and you substitute one value

for it.

screen text Indicates system output, for example, prompts and

system messages.

Acronyms

Example:

Set Trap Monitor Filters

separator ( > ) Shows menu paths.

Example: Protocols > IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu.

vertical line (

) Separates choices for command keywords and

arguments. Enter only one of the choices. Do not type the vertical line when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip {alerts | routes} show ip alerts

show ip routes

, you enter either:

, but not both.

This guide uses the following acronyms:

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

BCC Bay Command Console

BECN backward explicit congestion notification

BofL Breath of Life (message)

C/R command/response bit

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Configuring Frame Relay Services

CIR committed information rate

CRC cyclic redundancy check

DCE data communications equipment

DE discard eligibility

DLCI data link connection identifier

DLCMI Data Link Control Management Interface

DLSw data link switching

DM disconnect mode

DTE data terminal equipment

EA extended address bit

FECN forward explicit congestion notification

FRAD frame relay access devices

FRMR frame reject

FTP File Transfer Protocol

HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface

IP Internet Protocol

IPX Internet Packet Exchange

ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network

ITU-T International Telecommunication

Union–Telecommunications sector (formerly CCITT)

LAN local area network

LAPF link access procedure, frame mode

LLC logical line control

LMI Local Management Interface

MAC media access control

MIB management information base

MTU maximum transmission unit

OSI Open Systems Interconnection

PRI Primary Rate Interface

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Preface

PVC permanent virtual circuit

QoS quality of service

RNR receiver not ready

RR receiver ready

SABME set asynchronous balanced mode extended

SNA Systems Network Architecture

SPP single point provisioning

SVC switched virtual circuit

TEI terminal endpoint identifier

Telnet Telecommunications Network

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol

UA unnumbered acknowledgment

URL uniform resource locator

VC virtual circuit

WAN wide area network

WCP WAN Compression Protocol

WEP WAN Encryption Protocol

XID exchange identification

XNS Xerox Networking System

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals

You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the Internet. Go to the support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/ URL. Find the product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product. Use Adobe Acrobat Reader to open the manuals and release notes, search for the sections you need, and print them on most standard printers. Go to Adobe Systems at www.adobe.com to download a free copy of Acrobat Reader.

You can purchase selected documentation sets, CDs, and technical publications through the Internet at the www1.fatbrain.com/documentation/nortel/ URL.

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How to Get Help

If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.

If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program, contact one of the following Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers:

Technical Solutions Center Telephone

EMEA (33) (4) 92-966-968

North America (800) 2LANWAN or (800) 252-6926

Asia Pacific (61) (2) 9927-8800

China (800) 810-5000

An Express Routing Code (ERC) is available for many Nortel Networks products and services. When you use an ERC, your call is routed to a technical support person who specializes in supporting that product or service. To locate an ERC for your product or service, go to the www12.nortelnetworks.com/ URL and click ERC at the bottom of the page.

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Chapter 1

Frame Relay Overview

The following sections present an overview of frame relay.

Topic Page

Introduction to Frame Relay

Permanent Vir tual Circuits 1-3

Switched Virtual Circuits 1-4

PVC and SVC Comparison 1-4

Frame Relay Packets 1-5

Management Protocols 1-7

Frame Relay SVC Signaling and LAPF 1-8

SVC Signaling 1-11

Frame Relay Service Records 1-14

Frame Relay Access Modes 1-15

Source Routing 1-18

RFC 1490 1-18

Address Resolution for PVCs 1-18

Address Resolution for SVCs 1-19

Traffic Control 1-19

Data Compression 1-20

Data Encryption 1-21

Protocol Prioritization 1-21

Congestion Control 1-22

Traffic Shaping 1-23

1-2

(continued)

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Configuring Frame Relay Services

(continued)

Topic

Traffic Shaping for SVCs 1-27

Traffic Shaping Configuration Notes for PVCs and SVCs 1-29

Automatic Traffic Shaping—Single Point Provisioning 1-33

X.213 Priority for SVCs 1-35

Inactivity Timing for SVCs 1-35

Multiline for PVCs 1-37

PVC Pass-Through 1-39

Frame Relay Dial Services 1-40

Synchronous Line Configuration for Frame Relay 1-41

Calculating the MTU Size for Frame Relay Connections 1-41

Introduction to Frame Relay

Fra m e relay is a high-speed, packet-switching WAN protocol that connects geographically dispersed LANs. Frame relay is usually offered by a public network provider; however, private organizations can acquire and manage their own frame relay networks as well.

Page

1-2

Frame relay is a connection-oriented protocol, which means that it relies on end-to-end paths between devices connected across the network. It implements these connections using permanent virtual circuits (PVCs) or switched virtual circuits (SVCs).

Figure 1-1

Frame relay defines the interface between the DTE (router) and the DCE (switch)

Figure 1-1. Frame Relay Network

illustrates a frame relay network.

Frame relay

network

Switch

Router

Switch

VC=virtual circuit

Router

FR0001A

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Frame relay assumes that networks use transmission lines with low error rates, such as digital transmission media. Therefore, frame relay provides only basic error detection with no error recovery. This minimizes the processing required for each packet, allowing frame relay networks to operate at high speeds with few network delays.

Because frame relay performs only basic error checking, end stations running upper-layer protocols such as the Internet Protocol (IP) are responsible for resending packets that did not transmit correctly the first time.

Permanent Virtual Circuits

A permanent virtual circuit (PVC) is a dedicated logical path that connects two devices over a network. When configured, a PVC is always available to the connected devices; a PVC does not require setup before data can travel across the network, nor does it need to be disconnected after data has passed. Because many PVCs can coexist for one physical line, devices can share the bandwidth of the transmission line.

Frame Relay Overview

Switched Virtual Circuits

A switched virtual circuit (SVC) is a logical path that is established on an as-needed basis. That is, an SVC exists only when there is data to transfer. SVCs can connect any two points on a network without the requirement that the provider preconfigure virtual circuits (VCs).

SVCs can provide an alternative to a large network infrastructure, potentially resulting in cost savings for networks with infrequent communications between sites. SVCs can also provide an easy and relatively inexpensive solution for disaster recovery. Costs associated with having a redundant PVC are eliminated. In addition, you can prepare an SVC network for disaster recovery by performing incremental backups to a mirror-image database on a remote server.

In addition to cost savings, SVCs provide other benefits. When frame relay networks using global addressing approach a thousand sites, they run out of data link connection identifiers (DLCIs). SVCs enable you to manage connectivity on the basis of use rather than permanent connections. Using SVCs also simplifies network administration because you do not have to preconfigure network topologies and support moves, additions, and changes, as with PVCs. This can be a significant benefit in large, highly meshed networks.

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Configuring Frame Relay Services

SVCs provide true bandwidth-on-demand service that you can customize based on the application in use. For example, a short interactive session might use an SVC with a low or zero committed information rate (CIR) or throughput rate, while a large file transfer of time-critical data might require an SVC at a high CIR value.

PVC and SVC Comparison

Tabl e 1-1 lists the protocols and features that PVCs and SVCs support.

Table 1-1. PVC and SVC Protocol and Feature Support

Protocol/Feature PVCs Support SVCs Support

IP, IPX ✓✓

AppleTalk APPN Bridging DECnet LLC OSI VINES XNS

Data compression (WCP) ✓✓

Data encryption (WEP) ✓

Data link switching (DLSw) ✓✓

Protocol prioritization ✓✓

Dial-on-demand ✓✓

Dial backup ✓✓

Congestion control ✓✓

Traffic shaping ✓✓

PVC pass-through ✓

Multiline ✓

✓

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Frame Relay Packets

Figure 1-2 illustrates the structure of a frame relay packet. The packet’s header

field includes the following:

• Data link connection identifier (DLCI)

The DLCI is the virtual circuit identification number. The frame relay network uses the DLCI to direct basic data flow. You configure the DLCI for PVCs. For SVCs, the frame relay switch assigns the DLCI number on a per call basis.

• Command/response bit (C/R)

ITU-T (formerly CCITT) standards do not use this bit.

• Forward explicit congestion notification (FECN) and backward explicit congestion notification (BECN)

The FECN and BECN indicate congestion on the network. For information about how the frame relay software uses these bits, see “Congestion Control,” on page 1-22

Frame Relay Overview

• Discard eligibility (DE)

The DE bit allows the router to mark specific frames as low priority (discard eligible) before transmitting them to the frame relay network.

• Extended address bit (EA)

The EA bit signals whether the next byte is part of the address. This bit indicates the last byte of the DLCI.

Frame

Flag

relay

header

8 7 6 5 4321

DLCI (low order)

Figure 1-2. Frame Relay Header: 2-Byte Format

Information

(data)

DLCI (high order) C/R

E C N

C N

CRC

Flag

FR0002A

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Configuring Frame Relay Services

Figure 1-2 shows the frame relay header as a 2-byte structure. Frame relay can

also format the header using 3 or 4 bytes, as shown in Figure 1-3 that you must configure the frame relay interface on the router to use the same header length as the switched network to which it is connected.

3-byte format 4-byte format

. Note, however,

876 54 3 2 187654321

DLCI (high order)

DLCI

DLCI (low order)

DL-CORE control

C/R EA

DE EA

D/C EA

DLCI (high order) C/R

DLCI

(low order)

DLCI (low order)

DL-CORE control

F E C N

DLCI EA

Figure 1-3. Frame Relay Header: 3- and 4-Byte Formats

B E C N

D/C EA

FR0003A

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Management Protocols

Frame relay is an access protocol that runs between a router or data terminal equipment (DTE) and a switch or data communications equipment (DCE). The router and the switch use the Data Link Control Management Interface (DLCMI) to exchange information about the interface and the status of each virtual circuit

(Figure 1-4)

DLCMI DLCMI

Frame Relay Overview

Network

node

switch

Router

Frame

relay

Network

node

switch

Network

node

switch

Frame

relay

Router

FR0004A

Figure 1-4. Structure of the DLCMI

DLCMI supports three standard data link management specifications: LMI, ANSI T1.617 Annex D, and CCITT (now ITU-T) Q.933 Annex A.

• The networking industry first developed the Local Management Interface (LMI) specification. The LMI approach is asymmetric; the router sends a

status-inquiry message to the network, signaling that the router’s connection to the network is functioning. The network replies with a status response.

• ANSI modified the LMI specification and incorporated it as Annex D to ANSI standard T1.617. The ANSI method is generally similar to the LMI approach.

• The CCITT (now ITU-T) modified the ANSI standard and adopted it as Annex A to Q.933. The CCITT Annex A specification is similar to Annex D, but it uses an international numbering scheme.

Be sure to configure the frame relay interface on the router to use the same management protocol as the switched network to which it is connected. For information about configuring frame relay, see Chapter 3, “Customizing Frame Relay Interfaces.”

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Frame Relay SVC Signaling and LAPF

Figure 1-5 shows the layers of protocol standards for frame relay signaling:

• The LAPF Core layer defines basic frame relay protocol for both PVCs and SVCs and supports the reliable transfer of multiple numbered frames over SVCs.

• The DLCMI layer defines link management protocol for PVCs.

• The LAPF and Q.933 layers define link management protocol for SVCs.

Q.933 or FR.4

Define link management protocol for SVCs

DLCMI

LAPF

LAPF Core

Physical media

Defines link management protocol for PVCs

Defines basic frame relay protocol common to PVCs and SVCs

FR0018A

Figure 1-5. Frame Relay Signaling and LAPF Standards

The link access procedure, frame mode (LAPF) layer defines five unnumbered control frames and three numbered supervisory frames on the communications link.

1-8

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Avaya Frame Relay User Manual

Configuring Frame Relay Services

Contents

Figures

Tables

Preface

Before You Begin

Text Conventions

Acronyms

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals

How to Get Help

Introduction to Frame Relay

Permanent Virtual Circuits

Switched Virtual Circuits

PVC and SVC Comparison

Frame Relay Packets

Management Protocols

Frame Relay SVC Signaling and LAPF