AVANT 514, 520+, 523+, 528+, 530+ Operator's Manual

Table of contents

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................3

AVANT 500 SERIES WARRANTY .....................................................................................3

EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ............................................................................4

HOW TO WORK SAFELY ................................................................................................. 5

DECAL LOCATIONS ..........................................................................................................6

MAIN PARTS OF THE LOADER ........................................................................................7

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ..........................................................................................8

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION, ENGINES ........................................................................9

LOAD DIAGRAM ..............................................................................................................10

CONTROLS ......................................................................................................................12

STARTING THE ENGINE.................................................................................................16

STOPPING THE ENGINE ................................................................................................17

DRIVE CONTROL.............................................................................................................17

DRIVE PEDALS.................................................................................................................17

STEERING OF THE MACHINE........................................................................................18

LOADER CONTROL.........................................................................................................18

USING THE AUXILIARY HYDRAULICS.........................................................................18

COUPLING THE ATTACHMENTS..................................................................................19

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ..........................................................................................20

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE ..........................................................21

MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS..................................................................................22

FILTER LOCATION...........................................................................................................24

FILTER TABLE...................................................................................................................24

GREASING POINTS 500 SERIES.....................................................................................24

ADJUSTING THE DRIVE CABLE.....................................................................................25

FUNCTION OF HYDRAULIC DRIVE PEDALS (523+ AND 530+)...............................25

REFUELING.......................................................................................................................25

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS, CAB ..............................................................................26

TROUBLESHOOTING .....................................................................................................27

ATTACHMENT LISTING .................................................................................................28

500 Series

Introduction, warranty

3

500 Series

INTRODUCTION

AVA NT Tecno Oy wants to thank you for purchasing this AVANT loader. It is the result of Avants
long experience in design and manufacturing of compact loaders.

We ask you that you read and understand the contents of this manual completely before operating
the loader. This will improve your operating and maintenance efficiency, help avoid breakdowns
and damage and extend your machines life.

Contact your local AVA NT dealer for advice regarding service, parts and any
problems relating to the operation of your AVA NT.

AVANT 500 SERIES WARRANTY

This warranty specifically applies to the AVA NT 500 series loaders only and not to any attachments used with
this product.

Any repairs or modifications performed without the prior authorisation of AVA NT Tecno Oy will cancel this
warranty.

During the first year of operation or first 750 hours (whichever is the soonest) AVA NT Tecno Oy warrants
to replace any part or repair any defect which may occur, subject to the terms detailed below:

1) The product has received regular maintenance in accordance with schedules given by the manufacturer.

2) Any damage caused by operation in a negligent manner or exceeding the approved specifications detailed
in this manual is excluded.

3) AVA NT Tecno Oy accepts no responsibility for interruption to working or any other consequential losses
resulting from any failure of the product.

4) Only AVA NT Tecno Oy approved replacement or original quality parts shall be used during routine
maintenance.

5) Any damage caused by the use of incorrect fuel, lubricants, cooling liquid or cleaning solvents is excluded.

6) The Avant Warranty excludes any consumable parts (e.g. tyres, spark plugs, batteries, filters, belts etc.)
except where it can be clearly shown that these parts were defective on original supply.

7) Any damage caused resulting from the use of attachments not approved for use with this product is excluded.

8) In the event a fault occurs which is attributable to manufacturing or assembly defect you should arrange
to return your AVA NT to your authorised dealer for repair. Travel and freight cost are excluded.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE LOADER

Write down the following information about your loader, it will help you when ordering parts etc.

1. Model: AVA NT_____________________Purchase date:______________________________

2. Serial number:________________________________________________________________

3. Engine serial number:__________________________________________________________

The serial number and model of the loader are printed on the manufacturers plate (decal no. 9,
see page 6). Location of engine serial number can be found in the operating manual of the engine.

EC declaration of conformity

4

500 Series

EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY FOR MACHINERY

Manufacturer: AVANT TECNO OY

Address:Ylötie 1, 33470 YLÖJÄRVI, FINLAND

We hereby declare that the machines listed below conform to EC Directives: 98/37/EC
(Machinery), 89/336/EEC (EMC) and 2000/14/EC (Noise Emission).

Category: EARTH-MOVING MACHINERY/LOADERS/COMPACT

Models: AVANT 513, 514, 520, 520+, 523+, 528+, 530+

Ylöjärvi, Finland, 07.01.2003

Risto Käkelä
Managing Director

500 Series

How to work safely

5

HOW TO WORK SAFELY

An incorrect or careless operation of the loader may
be the origin of a serious accident. Before putting the
machine into operation, familiarise yourself with the
use of the machine and read and understand this
Operators Manual as well as the safety instructions.

THIS SYMBOL INDICATES
THE IMPORTANT
SAFETY FACTORS.

Understand the limitations of speed, braking, steering
and stability as well as loading capacity of the machine
before starting operation.

If you have no previous experience of the machine,
make sure to do all testing at a safe and open place
with no persons in the area of operation.

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Never use the loader without instructions. Read loader
signs (decals), and this manual.

Start the operation slowly and carefully.

Do not wear loose clothing, long uncovered hair or

jewelry near machine.

When driving be comfortably seated in the driver´s
seat, keep your feet in their proper place in the footwell
and at least one hand on the steering wheel.

Operate the control levers and the lever of auxiliary
hydraulics only when sitting in the driver´s seat.

Operate the control levers with ease and without
hesitation.

When coupling the attachment, make sure that the
locking pins lock in positively.

Never put any part of the body or let anyone go under
the lifted boom.

Do not transport persons in the bucket. The machine
is not designed to lift or to transport persons.

Keep hands, feet and clothing away from any moving
part and/or hydraulic cylinder.

Never carry passengers. Keep other bystanders away
from the work area.

Drive slowly on uneven terrains. Watch out for ditches,
manholes and steep gradients.

Do not drive on too steep a gradient. Load, unload, and
turn on flat level ground.

Make sure that the ventilation is sufficient when working
indoors or otherwise confined area.

Do not use loader in an atmosphere with explosive dust
or gases or where exhaust can contact flammable
material, explosion or fire can result.

Do not transport the load with the boom lifted.

Always carry bucket or attachment as low as possible,
and put the load down whenever you leave the machine.

When lifting or lowering the load, do not operate the
boom control lever abruptly. Turn the lever smoothly
and with care.

Do not exceed rated operating capacity - follow the
load diagrams.

Do not park the machine on a surface with a gradient.
Should this be necessary, use the parking brake and
preferably turn the machine sideways and put down
the bucket. If needed, use chocks behind the wheels.

Before leaving driver´s seat:

- Lower the loader boom

- Place attachment flat on ground

- Stop the engine, remove the key

- Engage the parking brake

Never perform any maintenance or repair operation
when the engine is running.

Stop and cool the engine before adding fuel.

Never use ether or starting fluid on diesel engines with
glow plugs. Use only starting aids as approved by engine
manufacturer.

Keep the engine area clean of flammable materials.

Wear eye protection when servicing, and hard hat or
other protective equipment as needed.

When connecting a booster battery for "jump" start,
always make last connection (negative cable) to engine,
never at battery. When removing the "jump" start cable,
always remove the negative cable (-) from engine first.

Never charge a frozen battery.

Lead acid batteries produce flammable and explosive
gases. Keep arcs, sparks, flames and lighted tobacco
away from battery.

Battery acid causes severe burns. In case of acid contact,
wash immediately with water for several minutes and
get medical attention in case of eye contact.

Use a piece of cardboard to check for hydraulic leaks.
Leaking fluids under pressure can enter the skin and
cause serious injury. Medical attention is required if
hydraulic or other fluids contact skin.

Never modify the loader or add attachments not
approved by AVA NT Tecno Oy.

Do not smoke during refueling or driving.

If the loader is transported e.g. on a trailer, make sure
that the articulation joint is securely locked by fitting
the travel lock (painted red) on the left side. Ensure it
is removed before commencing driving again.

When turning with the loader, keep in mind that the
driver´s seat extends beyond the turning radius of the
wheels (collision risk).

When turning, make sure that no part of your or anyone
else´s body gets crushed between the wheel and the
hydraulic motor cover.

Read this Operator's Manual carefully, especially if you
are unfamiliar with the safe use and operation of the
machine.

Decal locations

6

500 Series

DECAL LOCATIONS

If any of these decals has been removed or is unreadable it should be replaced without delay.

l

jk

m

no

rs

l

j

k

m

n

o

p

q

r

s

p

q

500 Series

Main parts of the loader

7

MAIN PARTS OF THE LOADER

Following picture shows the main parts of the loader:

l

j

k

m

n

o

p

l

j

k

m

n

o

p

Front frame

Front frame is the part of the loader in
front of the articulation joint. On the
front frame are mounted: drivers seat,
operating controls, hydraulic control
valves, hydraulic oil tank, auxiliary
hydraulics outlet, front wheels, hydraulic
motors and the loader boom with
attachment coupling plate.

Back frame

Back frame is the part of the loader
behind the articulation joint. On the
back frame are mounted: engine with
accessories, hydraulic pumps, rear
wheels, hydraulic motors, parking brake
mechanism, battery disconnect switch,
drive release solenoid valve (optional).

Articulation joint

Articulation joint connects the front and
back frame. The loader is steered
hydraulically by the steering cylinder
which is mounted between the front
and back frames. Hydraulic hoses,
electric wires, parking brake wire and
drive cable (if the machine has one) are
conducted through the articulation joint.

Loader boom

Loader boom is mounted on the front
frame with two pivot pins. The
attachment coupling plate is mounted
on the lower end of the boom. There
are two types of booms: standard boom
with fixed length and the optional
telescopic boom which extends 500
mm hydraulically.

Attachment coupling plate

Attachments are mounted on the
attachment coupling plate.

Auxiliary hydraulics outlet

The hydraulic hoses of hydraulically
operated attachments are mounted on
this outlet with quick couplers. The
outlet is double acting: it has two
pressure lines and one return line. It is
also possible to install an auxiliary
hydraulics outlet in the rear of the
machine (optional extra).

Rear mounting system
(optional extra)

If necessary, attachments can also be
mounted on the rear of the machine 
on a mounting plate or a rear lift device.

Technical specification

8

500 Series

Model AVANT 513 AVANT 514 AVANT 520

AVANT
520+ / 523+

AVANT
528+ / 530+

Length 1960 mm 2226 mm 2226 mm 2226 mm 2306 mm

Width 990-1070 mm

(depending on
tyre size)

990-1070 mm
(depending on
tyre size)

990-1070 mm
(depending on
tyre size)

990-1180 mm
(depending on
tyre size)

990-1180 mm
(depending on
tyre size)

Standard tyre size
Width with std. tyre

23x8.50-12
1020 mm

23x8.50-12
1020 mm

23x8.50-12
1020 mm

23x8.50-12
1020/1070 mm

23x8.50-12
1020/1070 mm

Height 1348 mm 1348 mm 1348 mm 1348 mm 1348 mm

Axle width 1090 mm 1090 mm 1090 mm 1090 mm 1090 mm

Ground clearance

206 mm 206 mm 206 mm 206 mm 206 mm

Weight 650 kg 750 kg 850 kg 880 kg 930 kg

Drive speed 0  10 km/h 0  10 km/h 0  12 km/h 0  9 / 0 - 14

0 - 18 km/h

0  11 / 0 - 14
0  18 km/h

Drive hydraulics hydrostatic hydrostatic hydrostatic hydrostatic**) hydrostatic**)

Auxiliary hyraulics
flow and pressure

22 l/min
175 bar

22 l/min
175 bar

31 l/min
200 bar

22 + 14 l/min
200 bar

25 + 19 l/min
210 bar

Steering wheel
rounds left / right

2,7 / 4,2 2,7 / 4,2 2,7 / 4,2 2,7 / 4,2 2,7 / 4,2

Turning radius
inside / outside

880 / 1850 mm 880 / 2000 mm 880 / 2000 mm 880 / 2000 mm 880 / 2020 mm

Lifting height with
standard boom

2100 mm 2100 mm 2100 mm 2100 mm 2100 mm

Lifting height with
telescopic boom
(Option)

2400 mm 2400 mm 2400 mm 2400 mm 2400 mm

Max. pulling force 6000 N 6000 N 8000 N 12000 N/

8000 N / 6000 N

12000 N/

9000 N / 7500 N

Max. lifting capacity
(hydr.)

7500 N 7700 N 8500 N 8500 N 10000 N

Tipping load*) 600 kg 650 kg

700 kg

700 kg 780 kg

Engine Honda GX 390

petrol

Kubota Z 482
diesel

Kubota D 722
diesel

Kubota D 722
diesel

Kubota D1105
diesel

Engine output 10 kW (13 hp) 10,5 kW (14 hp) 14 kW (20 hp) 14 kW (20 hp) 21 kW (28.0 hp)

*) with standard lift arm, 80 kg driver and 30 kg extra back weight, on flat even surface.
**) Models 523+ and 530+ have pilot operated drive pump.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

500 Series

Technical specification, engines

9

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION, ENGINES

Engine type Honda GX390

(petrol)

Kubota Z482
(diesel)

Kubota D 722
(diesel)

Kubota
D1105
(diesel)

Kubota DG­750E
(LPG)

Function 4 stroke 4 stroke 4 stroke 4 stroke 4 stroke

Cooling system air water water water water

Number of
cylinders

123 33

Starter electric / manual electric electric electric electric

Bore * stroke

88 * 64 mm 67 * 68 mm 67 * 68 mm 78 * 78,4 mm 68 * 68 mm

Displacement 389 cm

3

479 cm

3

719 cm

3

1105 cm

3

740 cm

3

Max. output 10 kW

(13 hp)

10,5 kW
(14 hp)

14 kW
(20 hp)

21 kW
(28 hp)

14 kW
(20 hp)

Fuel petrol

min. 92 oct.

diesel diesel diesel LPG

Fuel tank capacity 6,5 l 18 l 18 l 18 l gas bottle

Engine oil capacity

1,1 l 2,5 l 3,8 l 4,1 l 3,8 l

Engine oil type API SE API CC API CC API CD API CC

Viscosity SAE 10W-30 SAE 10W-30 SAE 10W-30 SAE 10W-30 SAE 10W-30

Valve clearance,
suction

0,15 mm 0,145 

0,185 mm

0,145 
0,185 mm

0,145 
0,185 mm

0,130 ­0,170 mm

Valve clearance,
exhaust

0,20 mm 0,145  0,185mm0,145  0,185

mm

0,145  0,185mm0,130 - 0,170

mm

Sound pressure
level

L

PA

86 dB (A) 87 dB (A) 89 dB (A) 89 dB (A) 88 dB (A)

Sound output
level L

WA

101 dB (A) 102 dB (A) 104 dB(A) 104 dB(A) 103 dB(A)

Load diagram

10

500 Series

LOAD DIAGRAM

The lifting capacity of the loader is limited by the possibility of tipping around the front axle. The diagram
below shows the tipping loads and max. allowed loads in different loading situations on an even level surface
with the loader in maximum articulation (i.e. minimum restoring moment).

AVANT 513 PETROL: Load diagram

Tipping load
(80 kg driver, 30 kg extra weight)

Tipping load
(80 kg driver, no extra weight)

Tipping load
(no driver, no extra weight)

Max. load
(n=1.5 80 kg driver, 30 kg extra weight)

Max. load
(n=1.5 80 kg driver, no extra weight)

Max. load
(n=1.5 no driver, no extra weight)

500 Series

Load diagram

11

The diagram can be interpreted as follows:

 If the load is 25 cm in front of the attachment coupling plate, the max. load of the DIESEL version is 400 kg

and the max. load of the PETROL version is 340 kg with a driver weighing 80 kg and with an extra weight
of 30 kg in the rear.

 When using the telescopic boom remember that the load is extended an additional 50 cm away from the

attachment coupling plate, which means that in the case mentioned above the max. loads are reduced to
260 kg (diesel) and 170 kg (petrol).



With the load carried at low level max. loads of 650 kg and 550 kg can be transported in the above mentioned case.

 Please note that the diagrams are based on the machine operating on a level even surface. Loads should be

significantly reduced when operating on gradients.

ALWAYS PUT DOWN THE LOAD BEFORE LEAVING THE MACHINE.

AVANT 500 series DIESEL : Load diagram

Tipping load
(80 kg driver, 30 kg extra weight)

Tipping load
(80 kg driver, no extra weight)

Tipping load
(no driver, no extra weight)

Max. load
(n=1.5 80 kg driver, 30 kg extra weight)

Max. load
(n=1.5 80 kg driver, no extra weight)

Max. load
(n=1.5 no driver, no extra weight)

Controls

12

500 Series

OPERATING CONTROLS

Following picture shows the location of operating controls. The location and function of controls may be
slightly different in different models, see following pages.

1. Steering wheel

2. 12 V outlet

3. Fuse box (2 pcs fuses)

4. Hour meter

5. Glow plug indicator (yellow)

6. Oil cooler fan indicator (option)

7. Charge indicator (red)

8. Oil pressure indicator (red)

9. Thermometer

10. Ignition switch
(positions OFF, ON, GLOW, START)

11. Signal horn

12. Hand throttle lever

13. Control lever of boom and bucket

14. Auxiliary hydraulics control lever
(may vary in different models)

15. Selection lever of the pumps for auxiliary hydraulics
(only on Plus models: 520+, 523+, 528+ and 530+)

16. Control lever of telescopic boom (optional extra)

17. Drive circuit release switch (optional extra)

18. Drive pedal, right: drive forward

19. Drive pedal, left: drive backward

20. Parking brake handle

21. Control lever of boom floating system (optional extra)

22. Hour meter (in the footwell in model 513 only)

1

12

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Models 520+, 523+, 528+ and 530+

Models 513, 514 and 520

500 Series

Controls

13

CONTROL OF LOADER BOOM, ATTACHMENTS AND OTHER FUNCTIONS

Most of the functions of the loader are controlled at the control panel on the right side of the operator:
Boom and bucket movements, auxiliary hydraulics (attachments), engine revs etc. , depending on
loader model. Following pictures show the different functions:

12. Hand throttle lever

 Push forward to increase engine revs
 Pull backward to reduce engine revs

13. Control lever of boom and bucket

 Pull backward to lift the boom
 Push forward to lower the boom
 Push left to raise the tip of the bucket (filling)


Push right to lower the tip of the bucket (emptying)

14. Control lever of auxiliary hydraulics
(hydraulically operated attachments)

 Pull left carefully to test the operating direction

of the attachment

 Right + locking position: the attachment operates

in reversed direction

15. Selection lever of the pumps for auxiliary
hydraulics (only in models 520+, 523+, 528+
and 530+)

 Left: both pumps coupled for auxiliary hydraulics
 Right: one pump coupled for auxiliary hydraulics

16. Control lever of telescopic boom
(optional extra)

 Pull left to extend the boom
 Push right to retract the boom

Attention! On the 520+,523+, 528+ and
530+ models this lever can also be used for
operating the rear auxiliary hydraulics,
where the telescopic boom is operated with
the optional electric joystick & solenoid valve

17. Drive circuit release switch (optional extra)

 In normal operation ("unlock" selected) hydraulic

oil flows in series from motor to motor. With
"lock" selected the hydraulic oil flows in parallel
between the hydraulic motors on each side,
similar to a differential lock in operation.

12

12

13

13

14

14

15

16

16

17

17

1. Drive pedal, right: drive forward

2. Drive pedal, left: drive backward

3. Parking brake handle

 locking: pull up and turn right into locking position
 releasing: turn left and let the handle go down, if

necessary make a sharp turn with the steering wheel

so that the locking pins unlock in the rear wheels

4. Control lever of boom floating valve
(boom floating is an optional extra)

 the floating system releases pressures on the

down side of the lift cylinder allowing the
attachment to follow the contours of the terrain.

5. Hour meter (in the footwell on model
AVANT 513 only)

CONTROLS IN THE FOOTWELL

1

2

4

3

5

Controls

14

500 Series

The loader can be equipped with an auxiliary hydraulics outlet in the rear of the machine:

1. Quick couplers in the rear

 the quick couplers are located on the left side of the machine
 the picture on the left shows the single acting rear hydraulics  it is

also possible

to mount a double acting aux. hydraulics outlet in the rear

2. Control lever of rear auxiliary hydraulics

 single acting rear hydraulics are operated with the normal auxiliary hydraulics

control lever (no. 14 on the control panel)

 double acting rear hydraulics are operated either with a separate valve mounted

at the left side on the rear frame, or with the lever shown on the picture
(on machines with electric joystick)

AUXILIARY HYDRAULICS IN THE REAR (Option)

1

2

The optional telescopic boom gives more lifting height and outreach. Length
of the telescope is 500 mm and the additional lifting height is 300 mm.
Telescopic boom is operated either with the conventional control lever
(no. 16 on the control panel, see previous page), or with the toggle switch on
the joystick.

TELESCOPIC BOOM (Option)

JOYSTICK 8 FUNCTIONS (Option)

The loader can be equipped, as an option, with a joystick, where the operation
of auxiliary hydraulics and telescopic boom is electric.

1. Auxiliary hydraulics

 push the buttons to engage and disengage auxiliary hydraulics

2. Telescopic boom

 with the toggle switch the telescopic boom can be operated steplessly

(extension- retraction)

 on the plus models with two auxiliary hydraulics pumps the speed of the

telescoping function depends on the position of the pump selection lever:

- 1 pump: telescoping slower

- 2 pump: telescoping faster

1

2

500 Series

Controls

15

LOCATION OF BATTERY DISCONNECT SWITCH

All AVANT loaders are equipped with a battery disconnect switch.
Following pictures show the location of this switch.

1. AVANT 513

 Back frame, left side,

in front of the engine

2. AVANT 514, 520, 520+,
523+, 528+, 530+

 Back frame, right side

ENGINE BLOCK HEATER (Option)

Loader with diesel or LPG engine can be equipped,
as an option, with an engine block heater.

ROPS AND FOPS (Option)

1. ROPS frame

 ROPS frame complies with the ISO 3471 / SAE J1040 standard.

Total machine height with ROPS frame is 1990 mm.

1. FOPS canopy, mounts on the ROPS

 FOPS safety canopy exceeds the ISO 3449 Level 1 / SAE J1043

FOPS criteria. Total machine height with FOPS is 2050 mm.

FRAME LOCK

The frame of the loader can be locked with the red
frame lock (see picture). This way the loader frame
stays straight during e.g. transportation. There is a
place for the frame lock on the left side of the front
frame under the fender.

SUSPENSION SEAT (Option)

The optional suspension seat has the following adjustments:

1. Suspension adjustment

 by turning the lever clockwise suspension gets

harder, by turning it counterclockwise the
suspension gets softer

2. Angle of the back rest

 the angle of the back rest can be adjusted by

turning the knob

3. Seat position

 the distance of the seat from the steering wheel

can be adjusted with the lever which is located
under the front edge of the seat

Suspension seat can be equipped with a seat belt (option)

1

2

3

1. Engine block heater outlet

 the outlet for the heater is on the right side in the

rear of the machine.

1

2

Starting the engine

16

500 Series

STARTING THE ENGINE

Petrol engine (AVANT 513, see also
HONDA Owners Manual)

 Turn the battery disconnect switch to ON

 Turn the fuel valve to the on ON position (on the left side

of the engine, see Honda Owners Manual)

 Move the choke lever to the left to CLOSE position (above

fuel valve, see Honda Owners Manual)

 NOTE: Do not use the choke if the engine is warm

or the air temperature is high

 Turn the ignition key to the right until engine starts, then

let the key return to ON position

 Reduce choke (move choke lever to the right) as soon as

engine has started, move completely to the right when
engine has warmed up

Diesel engine

 Turn the battery disconnect switch to ON

 Turn the ignition key to the right until the yellow glow plug

indicator lights up, keep the ignition key in this position until
the glow plug indicator goes out

 Turn the ignition key further to the right until the engine

starts, then let the key return to ON position

1

2

1

2

THE ENGINE CANNOT START IF THE AUXILIARY
HYDRAULICS CONTROL LEVER IS IN LOCKING
POSITION, OR THE PUMP SELECTION LEVER (on plus
models) IS IN THE POSITION 2 PUMP (when the
ambient temperature is low).

500 Series

Stopping the engine

17

 Turn the ignition key to the OFF position (to the left)
 Turn the power off with the battery disconnect switch

STOPPING THE ENGINE

DRIVE CONTROL

FUNCTION OF DRIVE PEDALS

When thinking about the function of the two drive pedals, they should be
compared to gears, not to a conventional throttle pedal. The drive pedal
in a way shifts on a higher gear the more the pedal is pressed. Therefore
you shouldnt press the pedal more when the engine starts to struggle.
Pressing the pedal just causes the engine to stop.
Picture on the left shows the drive pedals of the 523+ and 530+ with
hydraulically pilot operated drive pump, on the other 500 series models the
pedals look different.

When you want to have a high pulling force:

1. Use high engine revs

2. Select a relatively slow drive speed with the drive pedal. That is: press the
pedal only lightly (= select a low gear). This way the full output of the
hydraulic system and the engine can be taken out.

AVANT 500 series loaders are equipped with a hydrostatic drive system,
there is a variable displacement hydraulic pump in the drive circuit. The oil
flow of this drive pump is steplessly adjusted with the two drive pedals. The
drive pedals act in a proportional way to control the drive speed and power
available at the drive motors.

This hydrostatic drive system has different operating characteristics to a
mechanical drive. To get maximum pushing power push the pedals lightly ­for higher travel speed push the pedal harder.

Driving of the machine is controlled with the drive pedals as follows:
Select the revs of the engine with the hand throttle lever on the control

panel. The basic rule is: use lower revs for lighter work and higher revs for
hard work.

If you want to drive forward, press gently on the right drive pedal until
the machine starts to move slowly. The desired drive speed is selected with
the drive pedal: the more the pedal is pressed the faster you will travel.

When you wish to stop gently release the pedal by lifting of your foot, and
the machine will slow and stop.

Drive backward is controlled with the left drive pedal in the same way as
drive forward: the more the pedal is pressed the faster you will travel.

When you have learned how to drive on low speed, increase speed gradually
and learn how to drive with higher drive speeds.

Steering of the machine

18

NOTICE! THE ENGINE CANNOT
START IF THE AUXILIARY
HYDRAULICS CONTROL LEVER IS
IN THE LOCKING POSITION.

THE OPERATING DIRECTION OF
THE ATTACHMENT DEPENDS ON
THE COUPLING OF THE
ATTACHMENT HOSES. MAKE SURE
THAT THERE ARE NO PERSONS IN
THE DANGER AREA WHEN
TESTING THE OPERATING
DIRECTIONS. CHANGE THE
COUPLING OF THE HOSES IF
NECESSARY.

STEERING OF THE MACHINE

Steering of the machine is actuated via the steering
wheel. The steering wheel is hydraulically powered.
A practical way of steering is to steer with your left
hand on the knob of the steering wheel. This way
your right hand is free to operate other functions.
Familiarise yourself with the special drive features and
space needs of this articulated loader on a flat, even
and open place. Remember that, when turning, the
driver´s seat extends beyond the turning radius of the
wheels.

LOADER CONTROL

The loader boom and bucket are controlled with the
multi-function lever sideways (tilt) and back & forward
(boom up & down).

· Pull backward to lift the boom

· Push forward to lower the boom

· Push left to raise the tip of the bucket (filling)

· Push right to lower the tip of the bucket (emptying)

USING THE AUXILIARY HYDRAULICS

Auxiliary hydraulics (hydraulically operated attachments)
are controlled with the lever no. 14 on the control panel.

Auxiliary hydraulics control lever locks in the locking
position (on the right) which facilitates operation of
the attachments that require constant oil flow (rotary
broom, backhoe etc.).

HAND THROTTLE

When driving, the
revolution speed of the
engine can be adjusted
with the hand throttle
lever, if necessary. Do
not turn the machine
with a high driving travel
speed.

NEVER TIP OVER THE LOADER.
NEVER USE A HIGH DRIVE SPEED
WHEN TURNING.

In particular: when the loader boom is up
the stability of the machine is much weaker
when turning.

WHEN DRIVING, ALWAYS KEEP
THE LOADER BOOM AS LOW AS
POSSIBLE. Risk of tipping over increases

considerably when there is a heavy load
on the loader (a heavy attachment or a
big load in the bucket) and the boom is

up when driving.

ALWAYS REMEMBER  SAFETY
FIRST.

TEST ALL THE FUNCTIONS OF THE
LOADER AT AN OPEN AND SAFE
PLACE.

MAKE SURE THAT THERE ARE NO
PERSONS IN THE OPERATING
AREA OF THE MACHINE.

500 Series

19

Coupling the attachments

500 Series

COUPLING THE ATTACHMENTS

Coupling of the attachments into the attachment coupling plate happens as follows:

Stage 1:

 Lift up the two locking pins on either side of the attachment

coupling plate and turn them backward so that they remain
in the locked up position

 Make sure that the pins remain in the up position, otherwise

you cannot couple the attachment properly!

Stage 2:

 Turn the attachment coupling plate with the tilt movement

so that the upper edge of the plate leans forward.

 Drive the loader into the attachment

Stage 3:

 Lift the boom a little so that the attachment lifts off of the

ground

 Pull the boom control lever to the left so that the lower edge

of the attachment coupling plate turns into the attachment

Stage 4:

 Pull the boom control lever more to the left so that attachment

coupling plate turns more and the bolts on the boom push
the pins down in the holes of the attachment.

 CAUTION! Make sure that the pins lock properly

down in the holes of the attachment.

Stage 5:

 If the attachment is equipped with hydraulic hoses, make

sure to connect the hoses in the quick couplings on the loader

 Engine must be stopped when connecting the hoses. Before

connecting the hoses move the auxiliary hydraulics control
lever in both directions a couple of times in order to release
eventual back pressure.

 Additional information about the coupling is provided in the

instruction manual of the attachment.

 NOTICE! When fitting an attachment, make sure that

the hydraulic hoses are not overstretched and are not
in a position where they can be trapped during the
operation of the machine and attachment.

Maintenance schedule

20

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

Following table shows the maintenance and service points and intervals. There are more detailed instructions
about each service operation, in numerical order, on the following pages.

500 Series

LOADER

1. Clean the machine

2. Check tyre pressure

3. Check battery electrolyte level

4. Check hydraulic oil level

5. Change hydraulic oil filters

6. Change hydraulic oil

7. Check tightness of bolts, nuts
and hydraulic fittings

8. Check pressure of hydraulic system

9. Adjust pressure of hydraulic system

10. Grease the machine

PETROL ENGINE*)

11. Check engine oil level

12. Change engine oil

13. Clean air filter

14. Clean fuel filter and
sediment cup

15. Clean spark arrester

16. Change spark plug

17. Change air cleaner element

18. Check and adjust valve clearances

DIESEL ENGINE*)

19. Check engine oil level

20. Change engine oil

21. Clean air filter

22. Clean fuel filter and sediment cup

23. Check condition and tightness of
alternator belt

24. Check water hoses and hose clamps

25. Change engine oil filter

26. Change fuel filter

27. Clean fuel tank

28. Clean radiator cells

29. Change coolant

30. Change air cleaner element

31. Check and adjust valve clearances

32. Check opening pressure of nozzles

Every
week

Every

year

Every

1000 h

Every
800 h

Every
500 h

Every
400 h

Every
200 h

Every
100 h

After

50 h

After

25 h

Every

day

l
l
l

ll
ll

l

l

l

l

l

l

l
l

l

l

l

l
ll

l

l

l

l
l

l

l

l
l

l

l

n

n

n

n

n

n

l

Maintenance operation

n When necessary

*) More specific engine maintenance instructions can be found in the owners manual of the engine,

supplied with the loader.

l

nn

n

21

Safety instructions for maintenance

500 Series

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE

Hydraulic oil tank is located on the front axle as a part of the
front chassis, so in order to get to the dipstick and return oil
filter the boom must be lifted and the front cover plate removed.

Make sure that the boom stays up by putting the service support
on the lift cylinder piston rod.

The red service support is located behind the attachment
coupling plate, fastened with a bolt

Make sure to secure the service support by locking it on the
piston rod by the bolt

ALWAYS REMEMBER SAFETY DURING MAINTENANCE
DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICE OPERATION WHEN THE ENGINE

IS RUNNING
USE THE SERVICE SUPPORT ON THE BOOM CYLINDER
DO NOT GO UNDER UNDSUPPORTED BOOM
DO NOT SMOKE DURING SERVICE OPERATIONS
BEWARE POSSIBLE HIGH PRESSURE IN HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

MOUNTING OF THE SERVICE SUPPORT

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS WHEN HANDLING THE BATTERY

- BATTERY CONTAINS CORROSIVE SULFURIC ACID.

- AVOID CONTACT WITH SKIN OR CLOTHES. IF ELECTROLYTE GETS
ON YOUR SKIN OR CLOTHES, FLUSH WITH A LOT OF WATER.

- IN CASE OF CONTACT WITH EYES, FLUSH WITH A LOT OF WATER
FOR AT LEAST 15 MINUTES AND CALL A DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY.

- WHEN CHARGING THE BATTERY GIVES OFF POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE
GASES  DO NOT SMOKE WHEN HANDLING THE BATTERY.

- IN ORDER TO AVOID SPARK EMISSIONS ALWAYS DISCONNECT THE
NEGATIVE (-) CABLE FIRST AND CONNECT IT LAST.

- BEFORE CONNECTING THE BATTERY CABLES MAKE SURE THAT THE
POLARITY IS CORRECT: FAULTY CONNECTION WILL SERIOUSLY
DAMAGE THE ELECTRIC SYSTEM OF THE ENGINE.

Maintenance instructions

22

500 Series

1. CLEANING OF THE LOADER

Cleanliness of the loader is not only a question of
outer appearance. All surfaces, painted and others,
will stay in better condition when they are cleaned
regularly. A clean machine also lasts longer. A dirty
machine will run hotter and will collect dirt into the
air cleaner, which is likely to damage the engine. Pay
special attention to the cleanliness of the engine, the
oil tank cover, the engine compartment and the
hydraulic pump compartment. The loader can be
washed with a pressure washer.
ATTENTION! If the loader is equipped with a
hydraulic oil cooler (standard on models 520+, 523+,
528+ and 530+, optional on other models), which
is located under the drivers seat, make sure to clean
the oil cooler cell with compressed air every time you
are servicing the loader - and even more frequently
if the loader is being used in dusty conditions. Take
off the drivers seat and the seat base before cleaning
the oil cooler.

2. TYRE PRESSURE

Correct tyre pressure means that the tyres last much
longer. Wrong tyre pressure increases tyre wear and
can be a safety risk when working with the loader.
Recommended tyre pressures are:

- 5.00 - 10 tyre 2.8 bar (40.6 PSI)

- 23*8.50-12 tyre 2.5 bar (36.3 PSI)

- 23*10.50-12 tyre 2.0 bar (29.0 PSI)

3. BATTERY CHECK

In order to secure the starting
and safe operation the battery
of the loader must be checked
regularly. Checking the elect­rolyte level of the battery
happens by opening the filler
caps. ATTENTION! Clean the
battery before opening the caps
so that dirt cannot get in the
battery. Check also the contacts and clean if necessary.

4. HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL

Hydraulic oil level can be chec­ked with the dipstick in the filler.
Oil level should be between the
two marks in the dipstick. Refill
when necessary. Clean the area
before checking hydraulic oil
level. Do not let any contami­nents enter the hydraulic tank
during this procedure.

5. CHANGING OF HYDRAULIC OIL FILTERS

The hydraulic oil return filter
is located on top of the
hydraulic oil tank, under the
cover. Take off the cover
and replace the oil filter
cartridge.

Remember to use the
service support.

The hydraulic pressure filter
is located in the back frame
beside the hydraulic pumps.
Unscrew the housing of the
filter and replace the filter
cartridge.

6. HYDRAULIC OIL CHANGE

When changing hydraulic oil,
the oil can be removed with
a suction pump or by ope­ning the drain plug on the
right side of the front frame,
next to the articulation joint.
In both cases it is important
to clean the magnetic drain
plug. Hydraulic oil tank capa­city is 30 litres. Use ISO VG-46 certified mineral
hydraulic oil (e.g. Shell Tellus TX oil). Use of synthetic
hydraulic fluids is not permitted.

7. CHECK AND TIGHTENING OF
BOLTS, NUTS AND FITTINGS

Check tightness of bolts, nuts and hydraulic fittings
regularly. ATTENTION! Tighten wheel nuts after

first 5 operating hours. Check tightness of wheel
nuts regularly. Wheel nuts shall first be tightened
to 120 Nm diagonally opposite and finally
tightened to 140 Nm.

8.

CHECK PRESSURE OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

The table on page 25 shows the correct operating
pressures for each loader model. Pressure checking
points for different functions are as follows:
Boom lifting/auxiliary hydraulics: Pressure is checked
from the mano-meter fitting, which is located under
the front cover plate, beside the steering hydraulic
motor. Pressure is measured
with full engine revs and by
turning the auxiliary
hydraulics control lever. (On
some models the pressure
checking point is on top of
the hydraulic pumps).

Drive pressure: There are
two checking points, on top of
the variable displacement pump
and under the variable displa­cement pump. One tells the
pressure for forward driving,
the other for reverse driving.
When checking the pressure
the wheels must be locked e.g.
with the parking brake, engine
must run with full revs when
pressing the two drive pedals.
On models 520+, 523+,
528+ and 530+ the pressure
for boom lifting and auxiliary
hydraulics is checked and
adjusted separately. Pressure
for lifting is checked from the
manometer fitting, which is
located under the front cover
plate, beside the steering hyd­raulic motor. Auxiliary hydrau­lics pressure is checked by
mounting the manometer in
the female auxiliary hydraulics quick coupling, with
full revs and by turning the aux. hydraulics control lever.

It is recommended pressures should only be checked
by a competent and experienced technician

. Call

your AVANT dealer if you need assistance.

9. ADJUST PRESSURE OF HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM

If the pressure of hydraulic system does not seem to
be correct or pressure check indicates that the pressure
is wrong, it can be adjusted. Following table shows
pressure adjusting points.

Boom lifting/auxiliary
hydraulics: Pressure is adjusted

from the pressure relief valve
at the main control valve.
Pressure relief valve is the first
section of the control valve, in
front of the first valve block.
Adjust by turning the hexagonal
head screw which is under the
cap.
Drive pressure: Can not be
adjusted. If the pressures are
clearly wrong one must change
the pressure relief cartridges
which have fixed pressure
setting. They are located beside
the pressure checking points.
The cartridge on top of the
pump is for driving forward,
under the pump for reverse
driving.

On models 520+, 523+,
528+ and 530+ the pres­sure for boom lifting is adjus­ted from the pressure relief
valve at the main control
valve, in the same way as
mentioned above.
Pressure for auxiliary hydrau­lics is adjusted from the
shock valve on the valve
segment of aux. hydraulics
pump selection (1-pump ,
2-pump), see picture. The
adjustment screw is under
the cap, adjustment with hexagonal head key.

10. GREASING OF THE MACHINE

Greasing of pivot points is very important in order to
avoid wear. Most of the greasing points are on the
loader boom. There are 15 grease nipples altogether
on a machine with standard boom and 21 grease
nipples on a machine with telescopic boom. The
picture on page 24 shows the location of grease nipples.

11.-18. SERVICE, PETROL ENGINE

AVANT 513 is equipped with the Honda GX390

petrol engine. Service and maintenance instructions
for this engine can be found in the Honda Operators
Manual supplied with the loader.

19.-32. SERVICE, DIESEL ENGINE

Loader models AVANT 514, 520, 520+, 523+,
528+ and 530+ are equipped with a Kubota diesel

engine (see technical specification sheet for the engine
type of each model). Service and maintenance
instructions for the engines can be found in the Kubota
Operators Manual supplied with the loader.

Maintenance instructions

23

500 Series

WARRANTY DOES NOT
COVER DAMAGES CAUSED
BY EXCESSIVE HYDRAULIC
PRESSURE.

NEVER EXCEED THE RECOM­MENDED HYDRAULIC PRES­SURE SETTINGS. EXCESSIVE
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE WILL
DAMAGE THE HYDRAULIC
PUMPS, CYLINDERS, AND
HYDRAULIC MOTORS.

Filters, greasing points

24

500 Series

FILTERS

Following pictures and tables show the location and part numbers for the filters.

2

4

3

5

GREASING POINTS

Following pictures show the location of greasing points.

1

1. Lift cylinder, both ends

2. Drive pedals (not on models 523+ and 530+)

3. Steering cylinder, both ends

4. Tilt cylinder, both ends

5.

Shot bolts on attachment coupling plate

6. Pivot pins on loader boom

7. Articulation joint

8. Telescopic cylinder, both ends

9. Telescopic boom

3

7

4

55

6

6

4

2

1

6

6

4

5

5

3

9

8

8

9

1. Hydraulic oil filter,
pressure

2. Fuel filter

3. Air filter

4. Hydraulic oil filter, return

5. Engine oil filter

A 44738 13 hp petrol

64217 Air filter
74093

Hydr. oil filter, return

64634 Hydraulic oil filter,

pressure

64219 Spark plug

A45854 14 hp and 20 hp

diesel models

64712 Air filter
64220 Fuel filter
64207 Engine oil filter
74093

Hydr. oil filter, return

64634 Hydraulic oil filter,

pressure

A45853 28 hp diesel

models

64712 Air filter
64626 Fuel filter
64627 Engine oil filter
74093

Hydr. oil filter, return

64634 Hydraulic oil filter,

pressure

ATTENTION! On older 500 series loaders,
manufactured prior to 08/2002, the filters may be
different. When ordering filters always check the serial number and manufacturing date of your loader in
order to get the correct filters.

Adjusting the drive control cable

25

500 Series

DO NOT SPILL FUEL WHEN
REFUELING. SHOULD THIS
HAPPEN, WIPE THE FUEL AWAY
IMMEDIATELY IN ORDER TO
AVOID RISK OF FIRE.

ALWAYS STOP THE ENGINE
BEFORE REFUELING.
KEEP THE ENGINE AWAY FROM
OPEN FIRE.

ADJUSTING THE DRIVE CONTROL CABLE

The drive control cable (on models 513, 514, 520
and 520+) needs to be centered after the cable has
been replaced. The cable centering is adjusted from
the plate located on top of the variable displacement
pump. Loosen the bolts marked with the black arrows
(see picture), gently tap the spring holder cylinder of
the centering mechanism until the machine does not
move, after tighten up the bolts.

It is recommended this work is performed by an
experienced technician.

REFUELING

Petrol engine: Check fuel level and fill the tank if

necessary. Never use petrol mixed with oil or unclean
petrol. Do not let dirt, dust or water get in the fuel
tank. Make sure that the filler cap is properly tightened
after refueling.
Diesel engine: Check fuel level and fill the tank if
necessary. Use diesel fuel only, in accordance with the
instructions in the Kubota engine Operators Manual.
Use of other fuels is not allowed, because their quality
and properties cannot be guaranteed. Make sure not
to let the fuel tank get empty. Should this happen,
refuel and restart - the engine is fitted with automatic
fuel bleeding

HYDRAULICALLY PILOT OPERATED
DRIVE PUMP

The models AVANT 523+
and 530+ are equipped with
a hydraulically pilot operated
variable displacement pump
for drive. The two drive
pedals operate a hydraulic
valve which in turn controls
the drive pump. Smoothness
of forward and backward
drive can be adjusted with
the two valves on top of the
pump (black arrows, see
picture):
Valve completely open =

Sharp, on-off movement
Valve half open = Smooth movements
Drive forward is adjusted with the valve on the left,
reverse drive with the valve on the right.

Drive pressure on 523+ and 530+ is checked from
the check points on the side of the pump (white
arrows, see picture). Pressure for forward drive is
checked from the lower checking point, for reverse
drive from the upper checking point.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SETTINGS

Model Function Checking point Adjusting point Pressure

513 Drive Fittings on hydr. pump, 2 pcs Pre-set pressure relief valves on pump 2 pcs 275 bar

Lift & tilt / Aux. hydr. Fitting at lift cylind. Main pressure relief valve in control valve 160 bar

514 Drive Fittings on hydr. pump, 2 pcs Pre-set pressure relief valves on pump 2 pcs 275 bar

Lift & tilt / Aux. hydr. Fitting at lift cylind. Main pressure relief valve in control valve 160 bar

520 Drive Fittings on hydr. pump, 2 pcs Pre-set pressure relief valves on pump 2 pcs 275 bar

Lift & tilt / Aux. hydr. Fitting at lift cylind. Main pressure relief valve in control valve 175 bar

520+ Drive Fittings on pump Pre-set press. relief valves 300 bar

523+ Lift & tilt Fitting at lift cylind. Main pressure relief valve 200 bar

Auxiliary hydraulics Aux. hydr. coupling Shock valve in aux. pump selection valve block 175 bar

(optional) Joystick 8 function Aux. hydr. coupling Main pressure relief valve 175 bar

528+ Drive Fittings on pump Pre-set press. relief valves 300 bar

530+ Lift & tilt Fitting at lift cylind. Main pressure relief valve 200 bar

Auxiliary hydraulics Aux. hydr. coupling Shock valve in aux. pump selection valve block 175 bar

(optional) Joystick 8 function Aux. hydr. coupling Main pressure relief valve 175 bar

Operating instructions, cab

26

ç Air heater
main switch

ç thermostat

500 Series

Lights,

main

Headlight Fan Windscree

n wiper

Beacon Work lights,

front & rear

ç Blinkers

ç Emergency

blinker

ATTENTION!

DO NOT COVER THE

EXHAUST. RISK OF FIRE.

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS, CAB

AVANT 500 series can be equipped with a cab. Here

the operating instructions for the cab:
All the other switches are located in the panel above
the windscreen except the on-off switch and the
thermostat of the air heater  they are on the right
side panel below the fuse box.

The fan takes air in both from outside and from inside.
The green adjusting lever of outside air intake is located
up on the left. When ambient temperature is high the
air intake must be completely open (lever to the left,
see photo).

The fan has two speeds and it is equipped with a
thermal relay which prevents overheating. This thermal
relay automatically switches on the faster fan speed
when fan temperature rises. This happens only when
the air heater is on.

The fan must be switched on first  the heater works
only when the fan is on.

When the heater is not on and the fan blows cold air
the overheating risk does not exist.

The on-off switch and the thermostat of the air heater
are located on the right side panel.

Cab temperature can be adjusted with the thermostat.

Air flow can be directed with the nozzles.

If the heater has been out of use for a longer period
of time, there may come some smoke out of the
heater when put into operation.

The exhaust of the heater is outside, on the right side
of the cab door on the side column.

Do not leave the loader in a place where inflammable
materials may come near the exhaust of the heater.

When the heater is switched off the fan still works for
about 2 minutes in order to cool down properly.

If the heater does not start to work when switched
on again, the current must be switched off from the
battery disconnect switch  after that try again.

The air heater can be used even if the engine of the
loader is not running. By wet and cold weather it is
also advisable to heat the cabin for some time before
starting driving.

FUSE BOX

The fuse box is above the air heater control unit on
the right side panel.

Fuses, from top to bottom:

1. Cabin light (inside) / Parking light

2. Headlights

3. Windscreen wiper

4. Work lights, front

5. Rear lights / beacon

6. Blinkers / Radio

7. Fan

8. Air heater

Troubleshooting

27

500 Series

TROUBLESHOOTING

Problem

Hydraulic attachment does not
work when the auxiliary
hydraulics control lever is
moved.

Engine does not start.

Attachment hoses will not go
into the quick couplers of the
machine.

The machine moves after
parking brake has been engaged.

Cause

Attachment hoses are not
coupled or they are coupled
wrongly in the quick couplers.

Faulty or damaged quick couplers
(will restrict or stop oil flow)

No fuel

Auxiliary hydraulics control lever
(lever no. 3, page 6) is in locking
position.

There is back pressure in the
auxiliary hydraulics line.

The pins of the parking brake
mechanism have not locked
properly in the wheels.

Remedy

Make sure that the hoses are
properly connected into the
quick couplers, change the place
of the hoses if necessary.
Auxiliary hydraulics have
double acting pressure couplers
(female) and a return line (male
coupler) Operating direction
of the attachment depends on
how the hoses are connected
in the quick couplers.

Replace quick couplers.

Fill the tank.

Turn the lever in center
(neutral) position.

Release the pressure by moving
the auxiliary hydraulics control
lever in both directions.

Drive slowly forward or
backward in order to lock the
parking brake.When releasing
the parking brake do this in
opposite order.