Avago Technologies eXtremeRAID 3000 User Manual

eXtremeRAID 3000
Installation Guide
DB11-000033-00 First Edition 08P5525
Electromagnetic Compatibility Notices
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
•Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
•Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
•Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
•Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Shielded cables for SCSI connection external to the cabinet are used in the
compliance testing of this Product. LSI Logic is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by unauthorized modification of this equipment or the substitution or attachment of connecting cables and equipment other than those specified by LSI Logic. The correction of interferences caused by such unauthorized modification, substitution, or attachment will be the responsibility of the user.
The LSI Logic Mylex eXtremeRAID 3000 is tested to comply with FCC standards for home or office use.
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian
Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations. Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du
Règlement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.
This is a Class B product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference from Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this is used near a radio or television receiv er in a domestic en vironment, it may cause radio interference. Install and use the equipment according to the instruction manual.
LSI Logic Corporation North American Headquarters Milpitas, CA
408.433.8000
Declaration of Conformity
Per FCC Part 2, Section 2.1077(a)
Manufacturer’s Name: LSI Logic Corporation Manufacturer’s Address:
Declares that the product: Product Name: High Performance RAID Controller
Model Number(s): eXtremeRAID 3000
Year of Manufacture: 2000 Conforms to the following Product Specification(s):
FCC: CFR 47 Part 15, Subpart B, Section 15.107(e)
Supplementary Information:
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
North American Headquarters Milpitas, CA
USA
and Section 15.109(g) Class B Digital Device tested per ANSI C63.4–1992 procedures
Declaration of Conformity
Per 89\336\EEC
Responsible Party Name: Address:
Trade Name: High Performance Caching RAID Controller
Model Number(s):eXtremeRAID-3E Fab. 550137-A Rev. A
Standards: EN 50081-1:1992, Emissions
LSI Logic Corporation North American Headquarters Milpitas, CA
U.S.A.
hereby declares that the product
conforms to the following specifications
EN 55022:1998 Class B ITE radiated and conducted emissions
EN 50024:1998, Immunity
EN 61000-4-2:1998 Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-3:1996 Radiated Susceptibility EN 61000-4-4:1995 Electrical Fast Transients/Burst
Community of Europe
CE mark is rated for the eXtremeRAID 3000 as follows: CISPR 22 Radiated Emission EN55022, Generic immunity standard for the following:
IEC 801-2 ESD, IEC 801-3 Radiated, and IEC 801-4 EFT/Burst Warning! This is a Class B product. In a residential environment this product may
cause radio interference, in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
Achtung! Dieses ist ein Gerät der Funkstörgrenzwertklasse B. In Wohnbereichen
können bei Betrieb dieses Gerätes Rundfunkstörungen aufreten, in welchen Fällen der Benutzer für entsprechende Gegenmaßnahmen verantwortlich ist.
Avertissement! Cet appareil est un appareil de Classe B. Dans un environnement résidentiel
cet appareil peut provoquer des brouillages radioélectriques. Dans ce cas, il peut être demandé à l’utilisateur de prendre des mésures appropriées.
Underwriters Laboratories Statement and Warning
Proprietary Rights Notice
This document contains proprietary information of LSI Logic Corporation. The information contained herein is not to be used by or disclosed to third parties without the express written permission of an officer of LSI Logic Corporation. Any product(s) described herein is/are a licensed product of LSI Logic Corporation.
Document Description
Document DB11-000033-00 First Edition. November 2002 This document describes the LSI Logic Corporation’s Mylex eXtremeRAID 3000 product for Software Kit 5.20 and will remain the official reference source for all revisions/releases of this product until rescinded by an update.
Disclaimer
It is the policy of LSI Logic to improve products as new technology , components, software, and firmware become available. LSI Logic Corporation reserves the right to make changes to any products herein at any time without notice. All features, functions, and operations described herein may not be marketed by LSI Logic in all parts of the world. In some instances, photographs and figures are of equipment prototypes. Therefore, before using this document, consult your LSI Logic representative for information that is applicable and current. LSI LOGIC DOES NOT ASSUME ANY RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR THE USE OF ANY PRODUCT(S) DESCRIBED HEREIN EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY AGREED TO IN WRITING BY LSI LOGIC.
License Restriction
The purchase or use of an LSI Logic product does not convey a license under any patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property right of LSI Logic or third parties.
Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2001, 2002. LSI Logic Corporation. All rights reserved.
Trademark Acknowledgments
LSI Logic, the LSI Logic logo, MORE, Mylex, and SANmapping are trademarks or registered trademarks of LSI Logic Corporation. All other brand and product names may be trademarks of their respective companies.
About This Manual
This installation guide covers hardware set-up and configuration procedures necessary for the installation of a Mylex eXtremeRAID 3000 Fibre Channel RAID controller.
Chapter 1 describes the controller, standard package contents, and user­supplied items necessary for installation.
Chapter 2 describes the steps to be performed prior to controller installation and the physical installation of the eXtremeRAID 3000 Fibre Channel RAID controller.
Chapter 3 describes controller start-up and the BIOS options. Appendix A describes the memory and battery backup module. Appendix B provides hardware and environmental specifications. Appendix C describes error messages and problem correction. Appendix D describes the PCI Hot Plug feature. Appendix E provides enclosure management information.
Conventions
Throughout the manual, the following conventions are used to describe user interaction with the product:
prompt This style of type indicates screen display messages
Enter Press the key labeled “Enter” (or “Delete”, etc.)
Note
Supplementary information that can have an effect on
system performance
Caution
Notification that a proscribed action has the potential
to adversely affect equipment operation, system
performance, or data integrity
WARNING
Notification that a proscribed action will definitely
result in equipment damage, data loss, or personal
injury
Contents
Chapter 1
Introduction
Product Description ...........................................................................1-1
Controller Features ....................................................................1-2
Channel Capabilities ..................................................................1-3
Controller Capabilities ................................................................1-3
Operating System Support .........................................................1-3
Standard Package Contents ..................................................... ........1-4
Hardware ....................................................................................1-4
Software ..................................................................................... 1-4
User-supplied Items .................................................................. ........1-5
Chapter 2
Installation
Before You Begin ..............................................................................2-2
Safety Considerations .......................................................................2-3
Installation Checklist ..........................................................................2-4
GET READY ..................................................... .........................2-4
GET SET ....................................... ... ... .................................. .....2-4
GO .............................................................................................. 2-5
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs ........................................................2-6
PCI Hot Plug ............................................................. ... ..............2-6
SCSI Termination .....................................................................2-12
SCSI Cabling ............................................................................2-13
SCSI Drive Preparation ............................................................2-14
Do Not Mix Narrow and Wide SCSI Drives ..............................2-14
Mixing LVD with Single-ended Drives ...................................... 2-14
No Fibre Termination ...............................................................2-14
Fibre Cabling ............................................................................2-15
Fibre Connectors, External ......................................................2-16
Fibre Drive Preparation ............................................................2-17
Chapter 3
Controller Start-up
BIOS Options ........................................................... ... ......................3-1
Setting BIOS Options .................................................................3-3
BIOS Configuration Utility (RAID EzAssist) .......................................3-5
Operating System ........................................................ ... ...................3-5
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 iii
Operating System Device Drivers .......................................... ............3-5
Global Array Manager (GAM) Server ................................................3-5
Global Array Manager (GAM) Client ..................................................3-6
In Case of Problems ..........................................................................3-6
Appendix A
Memory Module and Battery Backup Unit
Product Description ...........................................................................A-1
Features .....................................................................................A-1
BDIMM Operation ..............................................................................A-2
Set-up – Enabling the Write-Back Cache ...................................A-2
Battery Backup Capacity ............................................................A-2
Maintenance ......................................................................................A-3
Removing the BDIMM ................................................................A-3
BDIMM Functional Description ..........................................................A-3
Status Indication .........................................................................A-4
Battery and Charge Circuit .........................................................A-4
Disposition of Failed Batteries ....................................................A-4
BDIMM Specifications ........................................................................A-5
On-board Battery ........................................................................A-5
Battery Charge Life ....................................................................A-5
Cache Memory ............ .................................. ... ..........................A-5
Module Dimensions ....................................................................A-5
Environmental ............................................................................A-5
Warranty .....................................................................................A-5
Appendix B
eXtremeRAID 3000 Specifications
General Hardware Specifications ................ ......................................B-1
eXtremeRAID 3000 ....................................... ... ..........................B-1
Environmental Specifications .............................................................B-2
Appendix C
eXtremeRAID 3000 Error Messages
Start-up Error Messages ...................................................................C-1
Drive Check Error Messages ............................................................ C-1
Installation Abort ............................................. ..................................C-2
System Reboot or Power Down ........................................................C-3
iv eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Appendix D
PCI Hot Plug
Introduction ........................................................................................D-1
Implementation ..................................................................................D-1
NetWare .....................................................................................D-1
Windows NT ...............................................................................D-3
Windows 2000 ............................................................................D-3
Windows XP and .NET 32-bit .....................................................D-3
Appendix E
Enclosure Management
Introduction ........................................................................................E-1
SAF-TE ..............................................................................................E-1
Glossary SOFTWARE LICENSE AND WARRANTY POLICY
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 v
vi eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
This chapter describes:
• The eXtremeRAID™ 3000 controller
• Standard package contents
• User supplied items
Chapter 1
Introduction
Figure 1-1. eXtremeRAID 3000 Controller

Product Description

The Mylex eXtremeRAID 3000 controller is a PCI to Fibre Channel RAID controller with 64-bit, 33MHz PCI capability. The eXtremeRAID 3000 supports either one or two external Fibre channel loops at 100 MB/sec per loop, plus one internal Ultra2 SCSI connector and a cache memory battery backup. The eXtremeRAID 3000 controller provides the speed and functionality required by high demand server platforms. eXtremeRAID 3000 achieves performance breakthroughs in Fibre channel RAID technology, eliminates storage bottlenecks, and delivers scalable performance. Enclosure management is a standard feature.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 1-1
Product Description

Controller Features

Features of the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller include:
• Two Q-Logic ISP 2100A chips to support two Fibre loop channels at 100MB/s each
• One Q-Logic ISP 1080 chip to support one Ultra2 SCSI channel at 80MB/s
• StrongArm SA110 at 233MHz RISC processor
• BDIMM memory module with 32MB, 64MB, 128MB ECC SDRAM with a Battery Backup Module (BBM)
• PCI 2.1 and 2.2 compliant (PCI 2.2 required to use hotplug feature)
• 1MB, 8-bit flash EEPROM for BIOS and code
• Built-in configuration utilities (in BIOS)
• Controller redundancy using a shared SCSI bus in a clustering configuration
• Write-back cache support
Caution
If the clustering feature is enabled, write-back should NOT be enabled. However, if clustering is disabled, the write-back can be either on or off.
• PCI Hotplug capability allows the eXtremeRAID 3000 to be swapped with a replacement without powering down the system
Caution
Be sure the motherboard you are using supports PCI Hotplug before attempting to use this feature, or serious damage to the controller and/or the motherboard could result. (You must be PCI 2.2 compliant if using PCI Hot Plug.)
1-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Introduction

Channel Capabilities

• 126 physical devices per Fibre loop channel
• 15 physical devices per SCSI channel

Controller Capabilities

• 16 physical devices per drive group (array)
• 60 total drive groups
• 256 total physical devices
• 32 total logical drives
• Supports RAID levels 0, 1, 3, 5, 0+1, 10, 30, 50, and JBOD

Operating System Support

MS-DOS 6.x, and above are supported using drivers that reside in the eXtremeRAID BIOS. Many other popular operating systems are supported using software drivers in the Disk Array Controller Software Kit that is included with the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller (see the PCI Disk Array Controller Drivers Installation Guide and User Manual).
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 1-3

Standard Package Contents

Standard Package Contents
The following items are supplied with the standard shipping package:

Hardware

• eXtremeRAID 3000 Disk Array Controller with documentation included on the CD-ROM and a printed Quick Installation Guide
• BDIMM Memory Module (32MB, 64MB, 128MB) with an optional pre-installed battery backup

Software

• RAID EzAssist disk array controller configuration utility with documentation on CD-ROM and a printed Quick Configuration Guide
• Software Kit Driver with documentation on CD-ROM and a printed PCI Drivers installation guide
• Global Array Manager (GAM) with documentation on CD-ROM
Figure 1-2. Standard Package Contents
1-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Introduction

User-supplied Items

The following user-supplied items are required to perform this installation:
SCSI
• IBM-PC™ compatible host system with PCI slot (PCI 2.1 or PCI 2.2 compliant; you must be PCI 2.2 compliant to use Hop Plug)
• Network operating system software (as required)
• SCSI cables to connect the controller and disk arrays
• Static grounding strap or electrostatic discharge (ESD) safe work area
• Disk array enclosure (or equivalent) with SCSI disk drives
FIBRE
• HSSDC to DB9 cables to connect the controller and Fibre disk arrays
• Disk array enclosure (or equivalent) with Fibre disk drives
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 1-5
User-supplied Items
1-6 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Chapter 2
Installation
This chapter describes:
• Before you begin
• Safety Considerations
• Installation Checklist
• Connectors, Jump ers, LED’s
• Installation steps
• SCSI drive termination
• SCSI cabling, internal ribbon cable only
• SCSI drive preparation
• Limitations on mixing various SCSI drive types
• Fibre drives, no termination
• Fibre cabling
• Fibre drive preparation
Mylex disk array controllers are designed to work in a variety of SCSI and Fibre RAID application environments. Certain configuration steps need to be performed prior to installing the controller into a RAID environment. Each of the steps described in this chapter are part of the installation process.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-1

Before You Begin

Before You Begin
Installing the eXtremeRAID 3000 Fibre Channel RAID controller is no more difficult than installing any 32 bit or 64 bit PCI controller. The eXtremeRAID 3000 controller, with two Fibre channels and one internal SCSI channel, connects into any PCI slot on the motherboard. Follow these steps and the installation procedures in this chapter.
WARNING
Working with the system covers off and power applied to the system can result in shock and serious injury .
This controller is furnished with a nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) chip that uses a sealed lithium battery/crystal module. Replace the module only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer.
Dispose of the used battery/crystal module according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Never incinerate a battery as it could explode and cause serious injury.
1. Read all of the instructions in this chapter completely before proceed­ing. Follow the Notes, Cautions, and W arnings described in this manual and marked on the equipment.
2. Power off the system and disconnect the power cables before starting the installation. Refer to the instructions provided in your system documentation. Do not disconnect cables or power cords while system power is on.
3. Follow electrostatic discharge (ESD) safe procedures. Use a grounded wrist strap or ESD safe footwear, and work in an ESD safe area.
4. Perform a safety check of the installation before powering on the system.
• Make sure that the cabling Pin 1 location is correct and that all
cables are firmly seated in the connectors.
• Make sure all SCSI conventions (cable type, cable length,
termination, etc.) are correct, see Table 2-2.
2-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Installation

Safety Considerations

Be sure to observe the following precautions before beginning the controller installation procedure:
Caution
Anti-static handling procedures are required. Leave the controller in its anti-static bag until it is time to plug the controller into the PCI slot. The use of a grounded wrist strap and other ESD protective measures are highly recommended.
WARNING
Disconnect the system from the electrical wall outlet before opening the system cabinet. Working with the system covers off and power applied to the system can result in shock and serious injury.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-3

Installation Checklist

Installation Checklist

GET READY

Note
It is recommended that you wear a grounded wrist strap when working with hardware installation procedures.
1. ____ Decide which available PCI slot will be used.
2. ____ Remove the plate from the I/O access port to the PCI slot.
3. ____ Remove the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller from the anti-static
bag.

GET SET

4. ____ Plug the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller into a standard PCI slot.
5. ____ Tighten the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller into the mounting
bracket.
6. ____ Connect the SCSI cable from SCSI drive(s) and/or SCSI
device(s) to the internal SCSI channel.
7. ____ Check termination - only for the internal SCSI channel.
8. ____ Check disk drives. Be sure termination is set to the disabled
position on any disk drive(s) that will not be terminated. For more information, see the documentation that accompanied the disk drives.
9. ____ Set SCSI ID on the SCSI disk drive(s).
10. ____ Enable termination power on SCSI disk drive(s).
11. ____ Insert the Fibre disk drives into a Fibre Channel Cabinet.
12. ____ Connect the Fibre HSSDC cable from the Fibre drive(s) to the external Fibre loop channel(s).
Note
Use only Fibre disk drives in your Fibre Channel Cabinet.
2-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
13. ____ Safety check the installation.
Note
Review Figure 2-1, Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3 and Table 2-1 to get familiar with the layout of the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller and the Connectors, Jumpers, and LED descriptions.
GO
14. ____ Go to Chapter 3, Controller Start-up.
Installation
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-5

Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs

Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs
There are two Fibre Loop connectors and one internal Ultra2 SCSI channel connector supported on the controller as shown in Figure 2-1.
SCSI jumpers should normally be set to their default settings and no adjustments are needed. Default jumper locations are shown in Figure 2-2. Jumper descriptions are described in Table 2-1.
The controller has eight LEDs that are active indicators while the controller is running. The LEDs indicate SCSI activity, single ended mode, Fibre activity, LVD mode, host activity, cache dirty status, diagnostic status, and Fibre channel 1 activity. The eXtremeRAID 300 0 controller LED locations and meanings are shown in Figure 2-3.
When you have checked the SCSI channel termination requirements, and completed the connections of internal SCSI devices and other possible devices such as a CD-ROM drive or a tape drive, cover your system and proceed to the Fibre channel connections.
There are two external Fibre loops (channels) supported on the controller as shown in Figure 2-10. Fibre connections will be discussed after the SCSI information.

PCI Hot Plug

Note
Please see Appendix D for information on how to implement the Hot Plug feature for your system’s requirements.
2-6 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Installation
SCSI CH 0
Fibre Loop
CH l
Fibre Loop CH 2
Figure 2-1. eXtremeRAID 3000 Controller with Connectors
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP6
Figure 2-2. eXtremeRAID 3000 Controller with Jumpers (front side)
Table 2-1. Jumper Descriptions
Jumper Description Default Settilng JP2 pins 1-2 for ARM Proc, pins 2-3 for I2O 1-2 JP3 Manufacturing off JP4 pins 1-2 normal, pins 2-3 blank ROM mode 1-2 JP6 Manufacturing off
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-7
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs
1- SCSI Activity 2- Single Ended Mode
3- Fibre Activity
4- LVD Mode
5- Host Activity 6- Cache Activity
7- Diagnostic
LED
Figure 2-3. eXtremeRAID 3000 Controller with LEDs (back side)
8- Fibre Ch 1
Activity
2-8 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Installation
Follow these installation steps:
1. Choose any available 32 bit or 64 bit PCI slot as shown in Figure 2-4.
32 bit PCI slots
I
l
s
t
o
i
b
t
P
6
4
Figure 2-4. Choose an Available PCI Slot
2. Remove the metal cov er plate from the slot’s access port (usually at the back of the cabinet) by releasing the black clip as illustrated below shown in Figure 2-5.
C
s
Figure 2-5. Remove the Metal Plate
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-9
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs
3. Remove the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller from the anti-static bag as shown in Figure 2-6. Always handle the controller by the edges and wear a ground wrist strap.
Ground Wrist Strap
Figure 2-6. Remove the controller from the Anti-static Bag
4. Plug (install) the controller firmly into the any 32 bit or 64 bit PCI slot and wear a ground wrist strap as shown in Figure 2-7. Notice that the black handle must fit into the side slot for a proper fit.
Black Handle
Figure 2-7. Plug the Controller into any 32 bit or 64 bit PCI Slot
2-10 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Installation
5. Connect the SCSI cables from the internal disk drives to the SCSI connector on the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller, as shown in Figure 2-8. (The controller is already connected to the system board.) If necessary, refer to Table 2-2 on page 13 for SCSI formats and bus lengths.
Figure 2-8. eXtremeRAID 3000 SCSI Termination Example
Note
In order to ensure an error free environment, the proper cable type designed for a certain SCSI speed must be used.
Note
The internal SCSI channel on the eXtremeRAID 3000 is designed to handle internal disk drives and other devices such as a CD-ROM drive or a tape drive.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-11
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs

SCSI Termination

Each end of a SCSI bus must be terminated to maintain proper voltage levels for SCSI control and data signals. The device used for this purpose is called a terminator, and it can be built into a controller , a SCSI peripheral de vice, or it can be a plug placed on the connector at the very end of a SCSI bus.
The eXtremeRAID 3000 controller is equipped with SCSI termination control circuitry. The eXtremeRAID 3000 controller’s termination is set to be ON all the time. The controller can also detect whether single-ended (SE) or low-voltage dif ferential (LVD) termination is required, and can set the on­board termination type as needed.
The end of the SCSI bus farthest from the controller must be terminated if SCSI devices are connected to the SCSI channel. See Figure 2-8 for an example of a SCSI device configuration connected to the internal SCSI channel.
Note
When connecting SCSI devices, it is better to terminate the ends of the SCSI bus itself than it is to terminate the end devices on the bus. This allows hot swap devices to be added or removed from the SCSI bus without affecting termination.
2-12 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Installation

SCSI Cabling

The controller supports one internal Ultra2 SCSI channel which can support up to 15 SCSI devices.
LVD Mode
The controller supports Ultra2 SCSI with LVD. If all drives attached to a controller drive channel support Ultra2 SCSI with LVD, then that channel will operate at 80MB. This setup allows a maximum SCSI bus length of up to 12 meters.
Note
The SCSI bus length can be extended up to 25 meters if only the controller and one drive are on the bus in a point-to-point configuration.
Single-ended Mode
If any device on the channel does not hav e LVD electrical characteristics, the channel will revert to single-ended operation mode. The SCSI bus lengths will then be limited to the single-ended bus lengths shown in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2. SCSI Formats and Bus Lengths
SCSI Trade Association (STA) Terms
SCSI-1 5 8 6 - 8 Fast SCSI 10 8 3 - 8 Fast Wide SCSI 20 16 3 - 16 Ultra SCSI 20 8 1.5 - 8 Ultra SCSI 20 8 3 - 4 Wide Ultra SCSI 40 16 - - 16* Wide Ultra SCSI 40 16 1.5 - 8 Wide Ultra SCSI 40 16 3 - 4 Ultra2 SCSI 40 8 Not Defined 12† 8 Wide Ultra2 SCSI 80 16 Not Defined 12† 16
Bus
Speed,
MB/Sec,
Max.
Bus
Width,
Bits
Max. Bus Length, Meters Max. Device
Single-ended Low-Voltage
Differential
Support
(Including
Controller)
* The Maximum number of devices allowed on a Wide Ultra SCSI bus is 8, unless bus
extender technology is used.
† This length can be extended to 25 meters if there are only 2 devices (e.g., the contro ller and
one drive) on the bus in a point-to-point configuration.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-13
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs

SCSI Drive Preparation

To prepare the drives for installation, follow these steps:
1. Remove any terminators attached to the drive or set any drive termination jumpers to the disabled position.
2. Set the SCSI IDs on the drives.
3. Enable term power on the drives.
Refer to the drive manual for specific information about drive configuration settings.

Do Not Mix Narrow and Wide SCSI Drives

Note
There is only one internal SCSI channel available to connect SCSI devices. It is recommended not to mix narrow and wide SCSI devices on this channel. In some cases, this may cause signal degradation.

Mixing LVD with Single-ended Drives

If LVD capable drives are installed on a channel with single-ended devices, all drives on the channel will operate as if they were single-ended devices. This will also limit the bus length to the single-ended bus length specified in Table 2-2.

No Fibre Termination

Note
Fibre channels do not require termination; therefore, no manual termination settings are needed. The Fibre Channel Cabinet channel setup requirements.
1. Check the manufacturer’s documentation for the Fibre Channel Cabinet that you are using.
2-14 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
1
automatically handles Fibre
Installation
Figure 2-9. Fibre External Drive Configuration

Fibre Cabling

The eXtremeRAID 3000 controller supports two Fibre loops; each Fibre loop supports up to 126 devices.
When connecting Fibre devices, you are allowed a maximum cable length of 20 meters per hop. A hop is the distance between any two devices.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-15
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs

Fibre Connectors, External

The external Fibre connectors are on the controller’s High Speed Serial Data Connectors (HSSDC), as shown in Figure 2-10.
Figure 2-10. eXtremeRAID 3000 Controller External Connectors
The cables should have the HSSDC at one end to be attached to the controller and either HSSDC or DB9 connector on the other end, depending on the external Fibre devices. An illustration of an HSSDC is shown in Figure 2-11.
Figure 2-11. Fibre Cable–HSSDC
2-16 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Installation

Fibre Drive Preparation

To prepare the drives for installation, follow these steps:
1. Set up your Fibre Channel Cabinet according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Note
Use only Fibre disk drives in your Fibre Channel Cabinet.
2. Refer to the Fibre drive manual for specific information about drive configuration settings.
3. Place the Fibre drives into your Fibre Channel Cabinet.
4. The Fibre Channel Cabinet usually handles Fibre ID addresses automatically.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 2-17
Connectors, Jumpers and LEDs
2-18 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Chapter 3
Controller Start-up
This chapter describes:
•BIOS Options
• BIOS Configuration Utility (RAID EzAssist)
• Operating System, Device Drivers, GAM
• What to Check in Case of Problems
This chapter describes the eXtremeRAID 3000 RAID controller start-up procedures and messages produced by the BIOS during start-up or re-boot. This chapter also explains three BIOS options that are available for configuring controller operation.

BIOS Options

After physically installing the controller and connecting the cabling, do the following if you need to set or modify the BIOS options (see “Setting BIOS Options” later in this chapter for details):
1. Power on the computer.
2. Watch the messages on the screen for the following prompt to be displayed:
Press <ALT-M> for BIOS options
3. Press AltM to get into the BIOS Options menu.
4. The BIOS Options menu provides the following items to choose from:
5. To select any of the items in the menu, highlight the selection with the Up Arrow or Down Arrow. Press Enter to toggle any of the 3 items.
Note
BIOS must be enabled to toggle the CD-ROM boot
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 3-1
BIOS Options
and the Drive geometry parameters.
3-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Controller Start-up

Setting BIOS Options

The available BIOS options are:
• BIOS disabled/enabled
• CD-ROM boot disabled/disabled
• 2GB/8GB drive geometry
BIOS Disable or Enable
This option must be enabled in order to toggle the CD-ROM boot and the drive geometry parameters shown in the BIOS Options menu. The BIOS must also be enabled in order to boot from any device (e.g., CD-ROM) or system drive configured on the controller, or to access any DOS partition on any drive configured on the controller.
When BIOS Disable or Enable is selected, the following message will be displayed. Pressing any key will restart the system.
CD-ROM Boot Disable or Enable
The default for this option is for the CD-ROM boot to be disabled (e.g., the system will boot from a hard drive, e ven if there is a bootable CD installed). If the CD-ROM boot option is enabled, and if a bootable CD is installed in the CD-ROM drive, the system can boot from the CD.
If the CD-ROM boot option is enabled, the CD-ROM will take priority over the disk drives. For example, under MS-DOS, the disk drive that is normally Drive C will become Drive D. All subsequent drive IDs will similarly be moved down.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 3-3
BIOS Options
Enable 8GByte or 2GByte Drives
This setting affects how the BIOS reads the disk dri ves for the boot partition. Drive geometries can be toggled between 8 GB and 2 GB. The default is 2 GB. When the drive geometry is changed, the drive should be formatted at the operating system level.
Caution
Changing this setting after data has been stored will make the data unreadable. If you have already configured your array and have stored data, you should not change this setting.
The default BIOS geometry of the controller is set to 2 GB. This means that the BIOS can only access the first 2 GB of any drive that has been configured on the controller. This is adequate in most applications, since BIOS is only used to boot the operating system. However, it does mean the operating system must be installed in the first 2 GB of the capacity of the configured drive. If this is not adequate, the BIOS geometry can be changed to 8 GB, allowing the BIOS to access the first 8 GB of capacity.
As a rule of thumb, select 8 GB geometry if the following two cases apply:
1. You have a system (RAID) drive that is greater than 2.145 GB in capacity.
2. The DOS/Windows compatible partitions could be located in an area above the first 2.145 GB.
Otherwise the 2 GB option is fine.
3-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Controller Start-up
Note
In the event that the RAID controller needs to be replaced, the current drive geometry will be restored from the configuration on disk (COD).

BIOS Configuration Utility (RAID EzAssist)

RAID EzAssist is the on-board BIOS Configuration Utility used to build several types of RAID configurations.
Refer to the RAID EzAssist Configuration Utility User Reference Guide or RAID EzAssist Configuration Utility Quick Configuration Guide.

Operating System

If an operating system is not already installed on the system, it can be installed on a system disk on the controller. The operating system is installed along with the operating system device drivers.

Operating System Device Drivers

Device drivers that are compatible with the controller can be found in the Software Kit. For details on how to install and load drivers, refer to the PCI Disk Array Controller Drivers Installation Guide and User Manual.

Global Array Manager (GAM) Server

The Global Array Manager Server software supports a variety of operating systems. For details on how to install GAM Server, refer to the Global Array Manager Server Software Installation Guide and User Manual.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 3-5

Global Array Manager (GAM) Client

Global Array Manager (GAM) Client
The controller can be configured using Global Array Manager Client. GAM Client can also be used from the server or a system client to monitor status and verify data integrity of disks connected to the controller while the system and disks are running.
For details on how to install and run GAM Client, refer to the Global Array Manager Client Software Installation Guide and User Manual.

In Case of Problems

If problems are encountered during start-up, check the following (the SCSI reference is to be considered for the internal SCSI channel only):
• Check cable length. This includes internal bus lengths in enclosures.
• Check SCSI cabling for loose connections, pin mismatches (make sure pin 1 on the cable matches pin 1 on the connector), bent pins, and damaged or crossed cables.
• Check termination (only applies to the one SCSI channel).
• Check SCSI IDs on the drives connected to the SCSI channel.
3-6 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Appendix A
Memory Module and
Battery Backup Unit
Figure A-1. BDIMM Module

Product Description

The Battery Dual Inline Memory Module (BDIMM) is a cache memory module that maintains data integrity in the event of a power failure. The battery backup portion of this module monitors the write back cache on the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller and provides power to the cache if it contains data not yet written to the drives when power is lost.
The controller, with the BDIMM installed, occupies only one PCI slot on the host backplane.

Features

Some of the features of the BDIMM include:
• Gas gauge circuit for battery charge monitoring
• Quick charge to replenish a drained battery
• SDRAM on the BDIMM module
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 A-1

BDIMM Operation

BDIMM Operation
This BDIMM consists of 32MB, 64MB, 128MB of ECC1 SDRAM cache memory, a lithium Ion battery, a charging circuit, and power monitoring circuitry. The controller is shipped with the BDIMM installed or with standard DIMM memory, without a Battery Backup Module (BBM).

Set-up – Enabling the Write-Back Cache

Maximum RAID performance is achieved when the cache is in write-back mode. The write-back cache is enabled by toggling the write-back/write­through mode switch. The write-back/write-through mode switch is accessed using RAID EzAssist (the BIOS Configuration Utility), or in GAM. Refer to the RAID EzAssist Configuration Utility User Refer ence Guide or the Global Array Manager Client Software Installation Guide and User Manual for instructions on how to examine and change the mode switch.

Battery Backup Capacity

The battery backup’s capacity varies with the cache memory capacity used. In the event of a power failure, the battery backup can be expected to maintain cache data integrity for the periods of time shown in Table A-1. For more detailed information about battery duration, please see “Battery Charge Life” later in this chapter.
Table A-1. Battery Backup Capacity
Memory Size Approximate Battery Charge Life
32MB 168 hours
64MB 110 hours 128MB 60 hours 256MB 36 hours
1. ECC = Error Correction Code
A-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Memory Module and Battery Backup Unit

Maintenance

No maintenance is required. It is recommended that the BDIMM charge level be periodically checked using the Gas Gauge function in GAM (see the
Global Array Manager Client Software Installation Guide and User Manual).

Removing the BDIMM

The BDIMM only needs to be removed if the Lithium-Ion battery no longer accepts a charge properly (Lithium battery life expectancy is approximately 1-1/2 years), or if the BDIMM is being salvaged from a controller that has failed.
WARNING
For battery service, please contact LSI Logic or
your authorized dealer for repairs. Batteries
are not user serviceable or replaceable.

BDIMM Functional Description

Whenever the system is running, the BDIMM’s battery backup circuitry is standing by, monitoring the voltage level supply of 3.3 V. In the event of a power failure, the supply voltage level will begin to drop. When the battery backup circuitry detects this voltage drop, it checks the status of the disk cache. If the cache is empty, the battery backup circuitry does nothing.
If the cache contains data during a power failure, the BDIMM’s battery backup circuitry will maintain cache data integrity until the power is restored. When power is restored and the system finishes the bootstrap process, the cache contents will be written to the disk array. The cache contents will then be flushed from the cache.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 A-3
BDIMM Functional Description

Status Indication

Battery status can be checked, and the battery can be reconditioned, or charged using the Intelligent Battery Backup Unit dialog box in Global Array Manager Client. This is accessed by selecting the Intelligent BBU option the Administration menu.
Please refer to the Global Array Manager Client Installation Guide and Users Manual.

Battery and Charge Circuit

On-board Battery
The on-board battery is rated at 4.1 V with a capacity of 900 mAH. The BDIMM has a DC-DC converter that converts 4.1 V to 3.3 V, which is the nominal voltage required for the cache.
Battery Charger
Battery charging is automatically handled by the BDIMM. No manual preconditioning needs to be performed by the user. If the battery capacity falls below a predetermined level (which is likely to happen after a power failure), the battery charger goes into a quick charge mode. Charger will operate within 0ºC to +45ºC.

Disposition of Failed Batteries

Currently, requirements for disposal or recycling of rechargeable Lithium­Ion batteries are under consideration by many agencies, both local and international. Lithium-Ion batteries should not be punctured or incinerated (the electrolyte can generate steam and cause the gas to explode).
The battery on the BDIMM contains the following text:
“Li-Ion Battery. Must be disposed of properly.”
Contact your local authorities to determine the appropriate method of disposal.
A-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Memory Module and Battery Backup Unit

BDIMM Specifications

On-board Battery

Electrical Properties
• One Lithium-Ion cell, 4.1 V @ 900mAH
Physical Description
• Nominal pack size (in inches): 1.55(L) x 1.55(W) x 0.375 (H)

Battery Charge Life

Under typical conditions (35ºC), minimum specified backup duration
Approximately 168 hours with 32MB Approximately 110 hours with 64MB Approximately 60 hours with 128MB Approximately 36 hours with 256MB
Under less than typical conditions (45ºC), minimum specified backup duration
Approximately 144 hours with 32MB Approximately 96 hours with 64MB Approximately 48 hours with 128MB Approximately 30 hours with 256MB

Cache Memory

32, 64, 128, or 256MB of SDRAM

Module Dimensions

Length: 5.85 inches Width: 3.5 inches

Environmental

Temperature Operating: 0ºC to + 45ºC Storage: -40ºC to + 60ºC
Humidity Oper ating: 10% to 90% Non-operating: 10% to 90%
(+32ºF to 113ºF) (-40ºF to + 140ºF)
relative humidity (non-condensing) relative humidity (non-condensing)

Warranty

1 1/2-Year, on the battery
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 A-5
BDIMM Specifications
A-6 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Appendix B

eXtremeRAID 3000

Specifications

General Hardware Specifications

eXtremeRAID 3000
Controller eXtremeRAID 3000
CPU StrongARM™ SA110 32-bit microprocessor, 233MHz Code /Program
Memory
32MB, parity protected
Cache Memory 32MB, 64MB, 128MB, and 256MB SDRAM installed on
Firmware ROM Type, Flash EEPROM, 1MB x 8
PCI 64/32-bit, 33MHz–Host
SCSI Supports one QLogic Ultra2 LVD ISP1080
Fibre Supports up to two QLogic ISP2100A PCI to Fibre
a BDIMM module containing a battery with backup circuitry for power fail protection of data.
Write: Selectable, Write-Through or Write-Back Error Protection: ECC (Error Checking and Correction)
64/32-bit, 33MHz–Internal PCI
PCI to Ultra2 SCSI I/O Processors
Channel I/O processors
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 B-1

Environmental Specifications

Environmental Specifications
Controller eXtremeRAID 3000
Temperature Operating 0°C to +50°C (+32°F to +122°F)
Storage -20°C to +70°C (-4°F to +158°F)
Humidity Operating 10% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Storage 10% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Altitude Operating Up to 3,048m (10,000 ft )
Storage Up to 15,240m (50,000 ft)
Form Factor Length: 12.280 inches
Width: 4.750 inches Maximum.
Typical Power
Consumption
Component Height:
at 5.25v at 4.75v
0.105 inches on the solder side of the controller
0.570 inches on the component side of the controller
3.5A (17.5W) with 64MBytes SDRAM
3.0A (15.0W) with 64MBytes SDRAM
MTBF 244,547 hours at 55°C
B-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Appendix C
eXtremeRAID 3000
Error Messages
Note
The firmware you are using may have these messages
turned off. However, they are listed here for your
reference.

Start-up Error Messages

The BIOS looks for any initialization message posted by the firmware during the start-up sequence. If a message is found, one of the following errors displays on screen and the installation process aborts.
EXR3000 fatal error--Memory test failed! EXR3000 fatal error--Command interface test failed! EXR3000 hardware error--Run Diagnostics to pinpoint
error EXR3000 firmware checksum error--Reload firmware EXR3000 Mismatch between NVRAM & Flash EEPROM
configurations!

Drive Check Error Messages

If mismatches are found, then, the BIOS prints out the following:
eXtremeRAID 3000 Configuration Checksum error--Run configuration utility!
If the firmware detects that during the last power c ycle the system was turned off abruptly leaving some incomplete write operations, the following message appears:
Recovery from mirror race in progress WARNING: Dead SCSI devices (Channel Target) : x:y
The following messages may also appear:
EXR3000 cannot recover from Mirror Race! Some system drives are inconsistent!
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 C-1

Installation Abort

During the initialization, if the firmware fails to respond to the BIOS inquiry within two minutes, the following message displays:
EXR3000 not responding--no drives installed!
The BIOS then inquires the firmware for its version number and other information, and prints out the following message:
EXR3000 Firmware Version x.xx
One or more of the following messages will be displayed if the firmware reports the following conditions:
Warning: X system drives offline Warning: X system drives critical WARNING: Dead SCSI devices (Channel : Target) : x:y No system drives installed X system drives installed
The BIOS repeats the same process for additional RAID controllers present in the system. Then it proceeds to boot, if possible, from the first system drive on the first controller.
Installation Abort
With Firmware 6.x, the installation aborted message is displayed when the BIOS finds that the configuration of the disk drives, as stored in the NVRAM and configuration on disk, is different from what it senses at boot time. When this happens, (and a brand new installation is not being attempted) the cause is often a faulty cable or drive, or a loose connection. Check all of the connectors, cables, drives, and try to boot. If the error persists, it most likely indicates a genuine failure and needs to be corrected. To correct it, boot and run the on-board BIOS Configuration Utility, RAID EzAssist (see Chapter 3). For more information, refer to the RAID EzAssist
Configuration Utility User Reference Guide or RAID EzAssist Configuration Utility Quick Configuration Guide.
With Firmware 6.x, if the BIOS displays a mismatch in the Configuration on Disk (COD) on all drives, then there will be an “install abort”– no drives will be installed. Normally this error will not be displayed. If it is, boot and run RAID EzAssist, the on-board Mylex Disk Array Configuration Utility (see Chapter 3) to recover from the error. For more information, refer to the RAID
C-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
eXtremeRAID 3000 Error Messages
EzAssist Configuration Utility User Reference Guide or RAID EzAssis t Configuration Utility Quick Configuration Guide.

System Reboot or Power Down

Status messages may also be available from LED indicators connected to the controller. The Cache Dirty indicator is especially important when preparing to power-down the system.
The eXtremeRAID 3000 RAID controller is a caching controller with 32MB, 64MB, 128MB and 256MB of cache memory, data may still be in the cache waiting to be written to the disk drives, when the system reports that a write command was completed. It is very important to make sure that all data is written to the disk before rebooting or powering down the system, or you may lose data. It is always a good idea to wait for 60 seconds or until system activity stops before resetting or rebooting the system.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 C-3
System Reboot or Power Down
C-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Appendix D
PCI Hot Plug

Introduction

PCI Hot Plug is a feature that allows a PCI card to be replaced while the host system is still running. The term “Hot Plug” is somewhat misleading; the PCI card cannot simply be pulled out of the host system while the card is operating without risk to the card, the system, and the data on the system.
In order to replace a Hot Plug PCI card, a software command must be invoked to power off the card slot before the card can be removed. After the software indicates that the card is unloaded and the slot is powered off, a physical card retainer/switch must be released to allow the card to be removed from the PCI bus. At this point, the card can be replaced.
At this time, LSI Logic only supports Hot Replacement of PCI Hot Plug cards. Future releases are planned to support Hot Upgrade or Hot Expansion (adding a card).

Implementation

Aside from the general terms previously mentioned, PCI Hot Plug implementation is specific to the host hardware platform and the operating system running on it. Refer to your host system's documentation for specific details on how to implement PCI Hot Plug.

NetWare

When NetWare is installed on a system capable of PCI Hot Plug, the following four modules are installed:
• cpqsbd.nlm –This is the Compaq system bus driver (a different driver will be needed for a platform other than Compaq).
• ncm.nlm –This is the Novell Configuration Manager, which manages the PCI Hot Plug system.
• ncmcon.nlm –This is the Hot Plug user interface called the Novell Configuration Manager Console.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 D-1
Implementation
• odineb.nlm –This is a module combining the Open Data-link interface and the Novell Event Bus (NEB). The NEB controls the device drivers through the Open Data-link.
If the NetWare installation process determines that the server supports PCI Hot Plug and detects the appropriate driver, the installation process adds the following two LOAD commands to the autoexec.ncf file:
• LOAD sys:\system\driver_name This command loads the bus driver (for Compaq, this is cpqsbd.nlm).
After this command is executed, NetWare autoloads ncm.nlm.
• #LOAD sys:\system\ncmcon.nlm This command loads the Novell Configuration Manager Console,
which then loads odineb.nlm. These commands can also be ex ecuted at the server console prompt.
Note
This command is commented out. If you want the Configuration Manager Console to be loaded every time the system is started, remove the pound sign (#) at the beginning of the line.
Perform the following steps:
1. Install NetWare 5 Service Patch 1.
2. Install the Mylex GAM DMI driver.
3. Restart the server. The autoexec.ncf will execute and it will load the drivers and start ncmcon.nlm (the PCI Hot Plug user interface).
Note
If any LOAD line is commented out in autoexec.ncf, the corresponding driver can be loaded manually by executing the LOAD command (as listed in autoexec.ncf) at the server console prompt.
D-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
PCI Hot Plug

Windows NT

Windows NT requires additional software from the vendor who makes the system. Since this software is not a part of NT, the software needs to be installed after the operating system is loaded. Refer to your system or server vendor's PCI Hot Plug documentation.
Caution
GAM drivers can stop PCI Hot Plug Boards from unloading. If this problem occurs, stop GAM and unload the GAM drivers before attempting to unload the PCI Hot Plug controller.
Known Windows NT Issues
• Mylex Software Kit 2.1 or greater is required to support your system vendor’s PCI Hot Plug utility.
• The macdisk.sys driver should not be loaded with a Mylex PCI Hot Plug board; if macdisk.sys is loaded the system will hang upon shutdown.
• When you install a Mylex card as a boot device and a Mylex Driver has been installed prior to the installation of the Windows NT OS, NT will not recognize the Mylex card as a PCI Hot Plug device. To fix this, the driver must be reinstalled, and the system rebooted.
This problem occurs because PCI Hot Plug information does not get loaded into the Windows NT registry for the Mylex controller upon installation of Windows NT.

Windows 2000

Windows 2000 supports the PCI Hot Plug capability. No additional software is required.
Please refer to the Windows 2000 documentation for instructions on how to use the PCI Hot Plug feature.

Windows XP and .NET 32-bit

The released version of Windo w s XP and .NET 32-bit is intended to support the PCI Hot Plug capability. No additional software is required.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 D-3
Implementation
Please refer to the Windows XP or .NET 32-bit documentation for instructions on how to use the PCI Hot Plug feature.
D-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Appendix E
Enclosure Management

Introduction

Mylex’s eXtremeRAID controllers support the industry standard enclosure management protocol SCSI Accessed Fault-Tolerant Enclosures (SAF-TE). This feature allows the host to monitor drive enclosures and detect certain faults or operating environment conditions. The host can make a decision to shut down the system or issue a warning based on the type of fault detected.

SAF-TE

Note
For the eXtremeRAID 3000, the SAF-TE section applies only to the internal SCSI channel.
The SAF-TE protocol follows a specification jointly worked out by nStor Corporation and Intel Corporation. Enclosures that are compliant with this protocol are known as SCSI Accessed Fault-Tolerant Enclosures (SAF-TE). The protocol is compatible with standard SCSI buses and cabling.
The SAF-TE interface standard’s objective is to provide a non-proprietary means of allowing third-party disks and controllers to be automatically integrated with peripheral enclosures that support:
• Status Signals (LEDs, audible alarms, LCDs, etc.)
• Hot swapping of drives
• Monitoring of fans, power supplies, and enclosure temperature
SCSI is the underlying transport mechanism for communicating enclosure information. All standard SCSI host adapters will work. There is no need to consider reserved signals or special cabling.
The SAF-TE interface can be implemented as a SCSI target that uses a SCSI port and an 8-bit microcontroller.
All communication is initiated by the host. The SAF-TE processor acts only in target mode. The SAF-TE processor should be periodically polled by the host approximately every 2 to 10 seconds.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 E-1
SAF-TE
Fibre Channel Cabinet
You will need to use a Fibre, High Speed Serial Data Connector (HSSDC), cable to connect a fibre drive to either one or both of the external Fibre connector(s) on the eXtremeRAID 3000 controller. Connect the other end of the Fibre cable, with a 9-Pin DSUB connector, to other devices or to an certified Fibre Channel Cabinet as required (for example, an SES external drive cabinet).
Please see Figure 2-11 for an example of an HSSDC connector.
Note
Be sure to use a Fibre Channel Cabinet for the Fibre disk drives. Use only Fibre disk drives in your Fibre Channel Cabinet.
Check the documentation that comes with your Fibre Channel Cabinet for further information.
E-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Glossary
AcceleRAID™
The AcceleRAID family features high performance, cost effecti ve Ultra SCSI/Ultra2 SCSI LVD and Ultra 160 SCSI to PCI RAID controllers and adapters for high-end desktops, workstations, and entry level and mid range servers. AcceleRAID controllers support PCI-based motherboards with embedded SCSI chips and systems that have a PCI expansion slot designated for add-in RAID controllers. The AcceleRAID family consists of the 150, 200, 250, 352, 160, 170, and 170LP controllers. The 150, 200, and 250 products can utilize the on-board SCSI chips of servers and use SCSI interrupt steering logic (SISL). In addition, the 150 and 250 products can work in any PC or server with a PCI slot whether or not they have SCSI interrupt steering logic. The 150 and 250 have one Ultra2 SCSI LVD channel.
Active Termination
A type of terminator used in current SCSI channel setups, which utilizes an active voltage regulator, thus closely matching cable impedance.
Application Server
A centralized computer that holds and distributes application programs to users.
ASIC
Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, a chip created for a specific application.
Array
Multiple disk drives configured to behave as a single, independent disk drive. See also Disk Array.
Asynchronous Data Transfer
Data transfer not synchronized to a set timing interval. Asynchronous devices must wait for a signal from the receiving device after each byte of data.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-1
Automatic Rebuild
Mylex controllers provide automatic rebuild capabilities in the event of a physical disk drive failure. The controller performs a rebuild operation automatically when a disk drive fails and both of the following conditions are true:
A standby or hot spare disk driv e of iden tical or larger size is found attached to the same controller;
All system drives that are dependent on the failed disk drive are configured as a redundant array: RAID 1, RAID 3, RAID 5, or RAID 0+1.
During the automatic rebuild process, system activity continues; however, system performance may degrade slightly.
BBU
Battery Backup Unit, provides a battery backup for data currently stored in the on-board cache memory during intermittent power loss to the controller. In the event of a power failure, the BBU can hold data in the cache for a certain amount of time. Once power is restored the data can be saved to a disk.
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System, software that determines what a computer can do without accessing programs. The BIOS contains all the code required to control the keyboard, screen, drives, serial communications, and other functions. Usually the BIOS is built into a ROM chip installed on the motherboard so that the BIOS will always be available and not affected by disk failure. Sometimes the BIOS is recorded on a flash memory chip.
BIOS Configuration Utility
BIOS-based Configuration Utility, a utility program sequence used, upon powerup, for configuring various hardware elements in a system.
Booting (or Bootstrapping)
Loading operating system code and other basic software from a disk or other storage device to help a computer start.
Burst Data Rate
The speed at which a specific amount of data is sent or received in intermittent operations.
G-2 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Glossary
Bus
A set of conductors that connect the functional units in a computer and are the channels through which data is transferred. There are several types of bus channels, including serial, parallel, PCI, ISA, EISA, and MCA. See also I/O Bus.
Cables
The physical wires (copper or fibre optic) over which electrical signals are transmitted. Cables are used to connect peripherals (such as disk arrays) to computers and servers or to connect peripherals or components to each other .
Cache
A temporary storage area for frequently accessed or recently accessed data. Cache is used to speed up data transfer to and from a disk. See also Caching.
Cache Flush
Refers to an operation where all unwritten blocks in a Write-Back Cache are written to the target disk. This operation is necessary before powering down the system.
Cache Line Size
Represents the size of the data “chunk” that will be read or written at one time, and is set in conjunction with stripe size. Under RAID EzAssist
cache line size (also known as Segm ent Size) should be based on the stripe size you selected. The default segment size for Mylex RAID controllers is 8K.
TM
, the
Caching
Allows data to be stored in a pre-designated area of a disk or RAM. Caching speeds up the operation of RAID systems, disk drives, computers and servers, or other peripheral devices.
CD-ROM
Compact Disk-Read Only Memory, a removable read-only storage device, similar to an audio compact laser disk, holding up to 640MB of data.
Channel
Any path used for the transfer of data and control of information between storage devices and a storage controller or I/O adapter. Also refers to one
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-3
SCSI bus on a disk array controller. Each disk array controller provides at least one channel.
Conservative Cache
An operating mode in which system drives configured with the write-back caching policy are treated as though they were configured for write-through operation and the cache is flushed.
Consistency Check
A process that verifies the integrity of redundant data. A consistency check on a RAID 1 or RAID 0+1 configuration (mirroring) checks if the data on drives and their mirrored pair are exactly the same. For RAID Level 3 or RAID Level 5, a consistency check calculates the parity from the data written on the disk and compares it to the written parity. A consistency check
from Mylex utilities such as Global Array Manager
TM
EzAssist corrected. See also Parity Check.
give the user the ability to have a discrepancy reported and
TM
(GAM) or RAID
Data Transfer Rate
The amount of data per unit of time moved through a channel or I/O Bus in the course of execution of an I/O load, usually expressed in MBps.
DB-9
A type of connector used for serial interfaces.
Device Driver
A software program that controls a particular type of device attached to a computer, such as a RAID subsystem, printer, display, CD-ROM, disk drive, etc.
DIMM
Dual In-line Memory Module, a circuit board that has memory chips. Instead of installing two SIMMs for the 64-bit memory path on a Pentium processor, one DIMM can be installed. See also SIMM.
Disk
A non-volatile, randomly addressable, re-writable data storage device, including rotating magnetic and optical disks as well as solid-state disks or other electronic storage elements.
G-4 eXtremeRAID 3000 Installation Guide
Glossary
Disk Array
A collection of disks from one or more commonly accessible disk systems. Disk arrays, also known as RAID, allow disk drives to be used together to improve fault tolerance, performance, or both. Disk arrays are commonly used on servers and are becoming more popular on desktops and workstations. See also Array.
Disk Drive
A device for the electronic digital storage of information.
Disk System
A storage system capable of supporting only disks.
Drive Groups, Drive Packs
A group of individual disk drives (preferably identical) that are logically tied to each other and are addressed as a single unit. In some cases this may be called a drive “pack” when referring to just the physical devices.
All the physical devices in a drive group should have the same size; otherwise, each of the disks in the group will effectively ha v e the capacity of the smallest member. The total size of the drive group will be the size of the smallest disk in the group multiplied by the number of disks in the group. For example, if you have 4 disks of 400MB each and 1 disk of 200MB in a pack, the effective capacity available for use is only 1000MB (5x200), not 1800MB.
Drivers
A software routine that receives I/O requests from higher levels within the operating system and converts those requests to the protocol required by a specific hardware device.
Dual Active
A pair of components, such as storage controllers in a failure tolerant storage system, that share a task or set of tasks when both are functioning normally. When one component of the pair fails, the other takes the entire load. Dual active controllers (also called Active/Active controllers) are connected to the same set of devices and provide a combination of higher I/O performance and greater failure tolerance than a single controller.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-5
ECC
Error Correcting Code, a method of generating redundant information which can be used to detect and correct errors in stored or transmitted data.
EDO
Extended Data Output, a type of random access memory (RAM) chip designed to improve the time to read from memory on faster
®
microprocessors such as the Intel
Pentium.
EEPROM
Electrically Erasable PROM, see EPROM.
EISA
Extended Industry Standard Architecture, a bus standard for PCs extending the ISA architecture to 32 bits and allowing more than one CPU to share the bus.
Embedded Storage Controller
An intelligent storage controller that mounts in a host computer’s housing and attaches directly to a host’s memory bus with no intervening I/O adapter or I/O bus.
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, memory which can be erased and re-used.
eXtremeRAID
A family of Mylex RAID controllers which offer uncompromising fault tolerance, data availability, superior configuration, and management flexibility. The eXtremeRAID family incorporates the latest performance technology by using the fastest processor on a PCI based RAID solution, a 233 MHz RISC processor, up to four 160MB/sec Ultra 160 SCSI (Ultra3 SCSI) channels, and a 64-bit PCI interface to provide eXtreme performance for servers. The eXtremeRAID controllers use driv er technology with which Mylex has won tpm-C benchmarks worldwide. With this technology, the eXtremeRAID 1100, 2000, and 3000 provide the highest performance and most flexible RAID solution available today.
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Glossary
Failback
Restoring a failed system component’s share of a load to a replacement component.
Failover
A mode of operation for failure tolerant systems in which a component has failed and a redundant component has assumed its functions.
Failover Port
A fibre channel port capable of assuming I/O requests for another, failed port on the loop. During normal operation, a failover port may be active or inactive. Failover ports assume the same loop ID and, optionally, the same node from the failed port.
Failure
A detectable physical change in hardware, requiring replacement of the component.
Fast SCSI
Devices that increases the speed at which data is transferred as opposed to the volume of data. These devices use data rates up to 10 MHz.
Fast/Wide SCSI
SCSI devices using data rates up to 20 MHz.
Flash ROM
Memory on an adapter containing software that can be reprogrammed without removing it from the board.
Format
A pre-established layout for data. Programs accept data as input in a certain format, process it, and provide it as output in the same or another format. All data is stored in some format with the expectation that it will be processed by a program that knows how to handle that format.
Gigabit
109 (1,000,000,000) bits. Abbreviated as Gb.
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Gigabyte
230 (1,073,741,824) bytes. Abbreviated as G or GB.
Global Array Manager (GAM)
A Mylex RAID management utility that allows a system administrator to configure, monitor, and manage network RAID storage from anywhere in the world. GAM can communicate critical notification via e-mail, fax, pager, SNMP or the launching of an application. GAM is everything needed to manage Mylex PCI RAID Controllers, SCSI Host Adapters, and External RAID Controllers.
HDM
Hardware Driver Module, a dri ver set required for SCSI adapters for use in an I
O environment.
2
Host
Any computer system to which disks are attached and accessible for data storage and I/O.
Host Bus Adapter (HBA)
An I/O adapter that connects a host I/O bus to the host’s storage memory system.
Host I/O Bus
An I/O bus used to connect a host computer to storage systems or storage devices.
Hot Plug
The process of adding or removing a device from a bus while transactions involving other devices are occurring over the bus. See also PCI Hot Plug.
Hot Replacement of Disks
The design of all Mylex controllers allows for the replacement of failed hard disk drives without interruption of system service. In the event of a SCSI drive failure on a properly configured system (where the data redundancy features of the controller are used), the system generates a message to alert the system operator.
When a replacement drive becomes available, the system operator can remove the failed disk drive, install a new disk drive, and instruct the
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Glossary
controller to “rebuild” the data on the new drive, all without interrupting system operations. Once the rebuild is complete, the controller will be brought back into a fault tolerant state. See also Hot Swap.
Hot Spare
A physical disk drive not part of a system drive that the controller can use to automatically rebuild a critical system drive. The hot spare drive must have at least as much capacity as the largest disk drive in the array or the rebuild may not start. See also Hot Standby.
Hot Standby
A redundant component in a fault tolerant storage system that has power applied and is ready to operate, but which does not perform its task as long as the primary component for which it is standing by is functioning properly . See also Hot Replacement of Disk and Hot Spare.
Hot Swap
The exchange of a replacement unit in a storage system for a defective unit. The exchange requires human intervention, but the system can continue to perform its normal functions (compare with Auto Swap, Cold Swap, and Warm Swap). See also Hot Replacement of Disk.
In-Line Terminator
A plug attached to the end of a SCSI cable in order to initiate active termination. Used when SCSI devices on the cable do not have built-in termination. See also Active Termination.
Interface
A hardware or software protocol that manages the exchange of data between the hard disk drive and the computer. The most common interfaces for small computer systems are ATA (also known as IDE) and SCSI.
Internal RAID Controller
A controller circuit board that resides inside a computer or server. An internal RAID controller resides on a bus, such as the PCI bus. Examples of internal RAID controllers include the Mylex AcceleRAID and eXtremeRAID families.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-9
I/O
Input/Output, the transmission of information between an external source and the computer.
I/O Bus
Any path used for the transfer of data and control information between I/O adapters and storage controllers or storage devices. See also Bus.
I2O
Intelligent Input/Output, a driver that uses special I/O processes to eliminate I/O bottlenecks. The processes deal with interrupt handling, buffering, and data transfer. An I
which handles higher-level OS details, and a hardware device module (HDM), which knows how to communicate with certain devices.
O driver also includes an OS-specific module (OSM),
2
ISA
Industry Standard Architecture, a standard bus (computer interconnection) architecture associated with the IBM AT motherboard. It allows 16 bits at a time to flow between the motherboard circuitry and an expansion slot card and its associated device(s).
JBOD
Just A Bunch of Disks (Drives), a number of disk drives, usually in an enclosure. JBOD implies that the disks do not use RAID technology and function independently. All Mylex RAID controllers support JBOD mode.
Jumper
A short piece of electrical conductor encased in plastic used to connect pins on a device to provide settings that the user can change. The settings remain constant during operation. For example, jumpers often set SCSI ID, termination, and IDE master/slave settings.
Kilobyte
210 (1,024). Abbreviated as K or KB.
Logical Drive
The logical devices presented to the operating system. System drives are presented as available disk drives, each with a capacity specified by the Mylex RAID controller.
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Glossary
Logical Drive States
A logical (system) drive can be Online, Critical, or Offline. Notice that the term “online” is used for both physical and logical drives.
LVD
Low Voltage Differential, a form of SCSI signaling introduced with Ultra2 SCSI (Fast40 SCSI) uses data high and data low signal lines to increase
transmission distances over those of single-ended (conventional SCSI signaling) lines. LVD allows for cable lengths of up to 12 meters (approximately 39 feet) with up to 15 devices. L VD also lo wers noise, po wer usage, and amplitude.
L VD dif fers from conv entional differential signaling in that only positive and negative values are distinguished, not voltage levels. Other advantages are that L VD de vices consume less po wer and can sense single-ended devices on the bus and revert to single-ended signaling. Devices need to be Ultra2 SCSI LVD devices in order to take advantage of the LVD signaling. Mylex AcceleRAID, eXtremeRAID, and DAC FL controllers are LVD controllers.
Megabit
A million bits; used as a common unit of measure, relative to time in seconds, as an expression of a transmission technology's bandwidth or data transfer rates. Megabits per second (Mbps) is a frequent measure of bandwidth on a transmission medium.
Megabyte
220 (1,048,576) bytes. One megabyte can store more that one million characters. Abbreviated as M or MB.
Mirrored Cache
A cache memory that has duplicate data from another controller. In the e v ent of failure of the original controller, the second controller can tak e the cached data and place it on the disk array.
Mirrored Hard Drive
Two hard drives the computer sees as one unit. Information is stored simultaneously on each drive. If one hard disk drive fails, the other contains all of the cached data and the system can continue operating.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-11
Mirroring
Refers to the complete duplication of data on one disk drive to another disk drive, this duplication occurs simultaneously with each write operation: each disk will be the mirror image of the other (also known as RAID Level 1, see RAID levels). All Mylex RAID controllers support mirroring.
M.O.R.E.
Mylex Online RAID Expansion, an advanced configuration mode that allows expansion of any unconfigured or hot spare drive into the expandable drive group while the controller is online with the host. For example, a system using a five-disk-driv e RAID set can add another disk driv e to create a six-disk-drive RAID set. The M.O.R.E. operation can be performed on all RAID levels except JBOD.
Mylex’s Global Array Manager (GAM) supports two M.O.R.E. features: Expand Capacity allows logical drive e xpansion for FFx external controllers
only. Expand Array allows array expansion for both PCI and FFx external
controllers. During the RAID set expansion process, which includes re-striping data
from the old (smaller) RAID set to the new (expanded) RAID set, the controller continues to service host I/O requests.
MTBF
Mean Time Between Failures, the av erage time from start of use to failure in a large population of identical systems, computers, or devices.
Narrow SCSI
8-bit wide standard SCSI. Compare with Fast SCSI, Fast/Wide SCSI, Ultra SCSI, Ultra Wide SCSI, Ultra Fast SCSI, Ultra 160 SCSI, and WideSCSI.
NVRAM
Non-Volatile Random Access Memory, a memory unit equipped with a battery so that the data stays intact even after the main power had been switched off.
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Glossary
Offline
A Logical Drive is in an “offline” state if no data can be read from it or written to it. Offline does not apply to physical disk drives. System commands issued to offline logical drives are returned with an error status; no operations can be performed on offline logical drives. See also Logical Drive States, Online, and Critical.
Online
A Logical Drive is in an “online” state if all of its participating SCSI drives have power and are operational. See also Logical Drive States, Critical, and Offline.
Parity
A method of providing complete data redundancy while requiring only a fraction of the storage capacity of mirroring. The data and parity blocks are divided between the disk drives in such a way that if any single disk drive is removed or fails, the data on it can be reconstructed using the data on the remaining disk drives. The parity data may exist on only one disk drive or be distributed between all disk drives in a RAID group.
Parity Check
A function used to verify the integrity of data on a system drive. It verifies that mirror or parity information matches the stored data on the redundant arrays. If the parity block information is inconsistent with the data blocks, the controller corrects the inconsistencies. See also Consistency Check.
PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect, a standardized architecture that provides a high-speed data path between peripherals and the CPU. PCI is a high-performance, backplane interface, expansion slot architecture found on PCs, Macintoshes, and UNIX workstations. PCI cards are portable across hardware platforms with the help of various software drivers.
PCI Hot Plug
A feature that allows for the printed circuit board (PCB) to be replaced without powering down the entire system—an essential feature in newer PCI-based PCs. Mylex DAC960PG, DAC960PJ, AcceleRAID, and eXtremeRAID products are all PCI Hot Plug compatible. See also Hot Plug.
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Physical Device
Any device connected to some kind of hardware. For example, SCSI disk, fibre disk, network disk, RAM disk, etc.
Physical Disk Drive
A single hard disk drive. Each physical disk drive is assigned a unique identification address.
PROM
Programmable Read-Only Memory, memory that users with appropriate instructions can reprogram.
Protocol
A special set of rules for transmitting data between two devices in a telecommunication connection.
RAID
Redundant Array of Independent Disks, a collection of two or more disks working together in an array. D A C960 controllers implement this technology to connect up to 15 SCSI devices per channel. The different forms of RAID implementation are known as “RAID levels .”
The system manager or integrator selects the appropriate RAID level for a system. This decision will be based on which of the following are to be emphasized:
Disk Capacity Data Availability (redundancy or fault tolerance) Disk Performance
RAID Adapters
See RAID Controller.
RAID Advisory Board (RAB)
An association of companies whose primary intention is to standardize RAID storage systems. Mylex is a member of RAB.
RAID Controller
Low cost RAID controllers that use SCSI channels on the motherboard.
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Glossary
RAID Levels
Mylex disk array controllers support four RAID Advisory Board approved (RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 3, and RAID 5), two special (RAID 0+1, and JBOD), and three spanned (RAID 10, 30, and 50) RAID levels. All DA C960, AcceleRAID, and eXtremeRAID series controllers support these RAID levels.
Level 0: Provides block “striping” across multiple drives, yielding higher performance than is possible with individual drives. This level does not provide any redundancy.
Level 1: Drives are paired and mirrored. All data is 100 percent duplicated on a drive of equivalent size.
Level 3: Data is “striped” across several physical drives. Maintains parity information, which can be used for data recovery.
Level 5: Data is “striped” across several physical drives. For data redundancy, drives are encoded with rotated XOR redundancy.
Level 0+1: Combines RAID 0 striping and RAID 1 mirroring. This level provides redundancy through mirroring.
JBOD: Sometimes referred to as “Just a Bunch of Drives.” Each drive is operated independently like a normal disk controller, or drives may be spanned and seen as a single drive. This level does not provide data redundancy.
Level 10: Combines RAID 0 striping and RAID 1 mirroring spanned across multiple drive groups (super drive group). This level provides redundancy through mirroring and better performance than Level 1 alone.
Level 30: Data is “striped” across multiple drive groups (super drive group). Maintains parity information, which can be used for data recovery.
Level 50: Data is “striped” across multiple drive groups (super drive group). For data redundancy, drives are encoded with rotated XOR redundancy.
Note: The host operating system drivers and software utilities remain unchanged regardless of the level of RAID installed. The controller makes the physical configuration and RAID level implementation.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-15
RAID Migration
A feature in RAID subsystems that allows for changing a RAID level to another level without powering down the system.
RAM
Random Access Memory, the "built-in" readable and writable data storage that comes with (or can be added to) a computer.
RISC
Reduced Instruction Set Computing, architecture for an application-specific processor.
RJ-11, RJ-45
Registered Jacks (sometimes described as RJ-XX), a series of telephone connection interfaces (receptacle and plug) that are registered with the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The most common telephone jack is the RJ-11 jack, which can have six conductors but is usually implemented with four. The RJ-11 jack is likely to be the jack that your household or office phones are plugged into from the ordinary "untwisted" wire (sometimes called "gray satin" or "flat wire") that people are most familiar with. The RJ-45 is a single-line jack for digital transmission over ordinary phone wire, either untwisted or twisted; the interface has eight pins or positions.
ROM
Read-Only Memory , built-in computer memory containing data that normally can only be read, not written to. ROM contains the programming that allows a computer to be "booted up" each time you turn it on. Unlike a computer's random access memory (RAM), the data in ROM is not lost when the computer power is turned off; a small long-life battery in your computer sustains the ROM.
SAF-TE
SCSI Accessed Fault-Tolerant Enclosure, an “open” specification designed to provide a comprehensive standardized method to monitor and report status information on the condition of disk drives, power supplies, and cooling systems used in high availability LAN servers and storage subsystems. The specification is independent of hardware I/O cabling, operating systems, server platforms, and RAID implementation because the
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Glossary
enclosure itself is treated as simply another device on the SCSI bus. Many other leading server, storage, and RAID controller manufacturers w orldwide have endorsed the SAF-TE specification. Products compliant with the SAF-TE specification will reduce the cost of managing storage enclosures, making it easier for a LAN administrator to obtain base-level fault-tolerant alert notification and status information. All Mylex RAID controllers feature SAF-TE.
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface, a technological standard that defines connections between computers and peripheral devices.
SCSI Adapters
Storage controllers for managing SCSI devices.
SCSI Drive
A disk drive equipped with a SCSI interface (sometimes referred to as a SCSI Disk). Each disk drive will be assigned a SCSI address (or SCSI ID), which is a number from 0 to 7 (0 to 15 under wide or Ultra SCSI). The SCSI address uniquely identifies the drive on the SCSI bus or channel.
SCSI Drive States
Refers to a SCSI drive’ s current operational status. At any gi ven time, a SCSI drive can be in one of five states: Ready, Online, Standby, Dead, or Rebuild.
The controller stores the state of the attached SCSI driv es in its non-volatile memory. This information is retained ev en after power-off. Hence, if a SCSI disk is labeled “dead” in one session, it will stay in the “dead” state until a change is made either by using a system level utility or after a rebuild. Each state is described below:
Ready: A SCSI disk drive is in a “ready” state if it is powered on and is available to be configured during the current session but remains unconfigured.
Online: A SCSI disk drive is in an “online” state if is powered on, has been defined as a member of a drive group, and is operating properly.
Standby: A SCSI disk drive is in a “standby” state if it is powered on, is able to operate properly, and was
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-17
NOT defined as part of any drive group.
Offline: A SCSI disk drive is in a “offline” state if it is not present, if it is present but not powered on, or if it failed to operate properly and was “offline” by the controller. When the controller detects a failure on a disk, it “kills” that disk by changing its state to “offline.” An “offline” SCSI drive can also be present and powered on, but a SCSI driv e in a “of fline” state does not participate in any I/O activity; no commands are issued to dead drives.
Rebuild: A SCSI disk drive is in a “reb uild” s tate while it is in the process of being rebuilt. During this process, data is regenerated and written to the disk drive. This state is also referred to as “Write-Only” (WRO).
SCSI Interrupt Steering Logic (SISL)
Architecture that allows a RAID controller, such as AcceleRAID 150, 200 or 250, to implement RAID on a system board-embedded SCSI bus or a set of SCSI busses.
SDRAM
Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory, a form of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) that can be coordinated or synchronized to the clock speed of the computer.
Segment Size
See Cache Line Size.
Sequential I/O
A type of read and write operation where entire blocks of data are accessed one after another in sequence, as opposed to randomly.
Server
A computer program that provides and manages services to other computer programs on the same or other computers. The computer that a server program runs in is also frequently referred to as a server.
SES
SCSI Enclosure Services, a standard for SCSI access to services within an enclosure containing one or more SCSI devices. For disk drives, power supplies, cooling elements, and temperature sensors, the actions performed are the same as for SAF-TE monitoring. If a UPS is connected to any SES-monitored enclosures, and an AC failure or two minute warning is
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Glossary
reported, conservative cache is enabled and all system drives are switched to write-through cache. Primarily used in fibre enclosures.
SIMM
Single In-line Memory Module, RAM packed on a small circuit board with a defined edge connector. Two SIMMs are required for a 64-bit memory path on a Pentium processor. See also DIMM.
SISL
See SCSI Interrupt Steering Logic (SISL).
SMART
Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology, the industry standard reliability prediction indicator for both the ATA/IDE and SCSI hard disk drives. Hard disk drives with SMART offer early warning of some hard disk failures so critical data can be protected.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol, the protocol governing network management: for monitoring network devices and their functions.
Standard Disk Drive
This term refers to a hard disk drive with SCSI, IDE, or other interface, attached to the host system through a standard disk controller.
Standby Replacement of Disks
See also Hot Spare. One of the most important features the RAID controller provides to achieve automatic, non-stop service with a high degree of fault­tolerance. The controller automatically carries out the rebuild operation when a SCSI disk drive fails and both of the following conditions are true:
A “standby” SCSI disk drive of identical size is found attached to the same controller;
All of the system drives that are dependent on the failed disk are redundant system drives, e.g., RAID 1, RAID 3, RAID 5, and RAID 0+1.
Note: The standby rebuild will only happen on the never across DAC960 controllers.
During the automatic rebuild process, system activity continues as normal. System performance may degrade slightly during the rebuild process.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-19
SAME DA C960 controller ,
To use the standby rebuild feature, you should always maintain a standby SCSI disk in your system. When a disk fails, the standby disk will automatically replace the failed drive and the data will be reb uilt. The system administrator can disconnect and remove the bad disk and replace it with a new disk. The administrator can then make this new disk a standby.
The standby replacement table has a limit of 8 automatic replacements in any session (from power-on/reset to the next power-off/reset). When the limit of 8 is reached and a disk failure occurs, the standby replacement will occur b ut will not be recorded in the replacement table.
To clear the “standby replacement” table, reboot the system from a DOS bootable floppy, run the configuration utility and select the option ‘view/ update configuration’ from the main menu. A red box labeled ‘Drive Remap List’ will be displayed. Selecting the box will allow you to continue. You should save the configuration without making any changes, and exit the configuration utility. This will clear the replacement table. You may now proceed to boot your system and continue normal operations.
In normal use, the replacement table limit of 8 should not cause any problems. Assuming that a disk fails about once a year (drives we support generally come with a 5-year warranty), the system would run continuously for a minimum of eight years before the table would need to be cleared.
Stripe Order
The order in which SCSI disk drives appear within a drive group. This order must be maintained, and is critical to the controller’s ability to “rebuild” failed drives.
Stripe Size
The size, in kilobytes (1024 bytes) of a single I/O operation. A stripe of data (data residing in actual physical disk sectors, which are logically ordered first to last) is divided over all disks in the drive group.
Stripe Width
The number of striped SCSI drives within a drive group.
Striping
The storing of a sequential block of incoming data across multiple SCSI drives in a group. For e xample, if there are 3 SCSI driv es in a group, the data will be separated into blocks and block 1 of the data will be stored on SCSI
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Glossary
drive 1, block 2 on SCSI drive 2, block 3 on SCSI drive 3, block 4 on SCSI drive 1, block 5 on SCSI drive 2, and so on. This storage method increases the disk system throughput by ensuring a balanced load among all drives.
Sustained Data Transfer Rate
A rate of data transfer defined for continuous operation at a maximum speed level.
Synchronous Data Transfer
Data transmission synchronized to a defined time interval, and is faster than asynchronous SCSI because there is no wait for acknowledgement of each byte from the receiving device (up to 20MHz).
System Drives
A system drive is equiv alent to a logical dri ve. System dri v es are presented to the operating system as available disk drives, each with a capacity specified by the eXtremeRAID controller.
Target ID
The SCSI ID of a device attached to a controller. Each SCSI channel can have up to 15 attached SCSI devices (target ID from 0 to 6 and 8 to 15).
Terminator
A part used to end a SCSI bus.
Termination
A method of matching transmission impedance of a bus to eliminate signal reflections from the physical ends of the bus.
Transfer Rate
The rate at which data moves between the host computer and storage, input, or output devices, usually expressed as a number of characters per second.
Ultra 160 SCSI (Ultra3 SCSI)
The newest in SCSI technology, Ultra 160 SCSI increases performance, reliability, and manageability. With transfer rates of 160 MBps, cyclical redundancy check, and the capability to automatically test the interface’s performance level, the Ultra 160 SCSI can keep up with fibre channel technology.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 G-21
Ultra SCSI (Fast 20 SCSI)
A high performance SCSI protocol that has a bus speed of 20 Megabytes per second in the Narrow SCSI configuration and 40 MB in the Wide SCSI (Fast 20 Wide SCSI) configuration.
Ultra Wide SCSI
16-bit wide Ultra SCSI (IS devices), double the speed of narrow SCSI.
Ultra2 SCSI (Fast 40 SCSI)
A higher performance SCSI protocol than Ultra SCSI. Ultra2 SCSI has a bus speed of 40 Megabytes per second in the Narrow SCSI configuration and 80 Megabytes in the Wide SCSI (Wide Ultra2 SCSI) configuration.
Wide SCSI
A SCSI protocol and signal definition providing 16-bit wide data path.
Write-Back Cache
A caching strategy whereby write operations result in a completion signal being sent to the host operating system as soon as the cache (not the disk drive) receives the data to be written. The target disk drive will receive the data at a more appropriate time in order to increase controller performance. An optional cache battery backup can be used to protect against data loss as a result of a power failure or system crash.
Write-Through Cache
A caching strategy whereby data is written to the SCSI drive before a completion status is returned to the host operating system. This caching strategy is considered more secure, since a power failure will be less lik ely to cause loss of data. However, a write through cache results in a slightly lower performance.
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LSI LOGIC CORPORATION
SOFTWARE LICENSE AND WARRANTY POLICY
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is a part of the Product (“ LSI Software”) solely as par t of the Produc t incorporated into the OEM Products that and not on a standalone basis. Customer may not ( a) sell, lease, license, or sublicense the LSI Software, (b) de-compile, disassemble, reverse engineer, or otherwise attempt to derive source code from the LSI Software, in whole or in part, except to the extent such restriction is prohibited by applicable law, (c) modify or create derivative works from the LSI Software, or (d) use the LSI Software to provide processing services to third parties or otherwise use the LSI Software on a service bureau basis, electronically distribute or timeshare the LSI Software or market the LSI Software by interactive cable or remote processing services.
Limitation of Liability IN NO EVENT SHALL LSI’S TOTAL, CUMULATIVE LIABILITY
ARISING FROM THE SALE, USE AND DISPOSITION OF THE PRODUCT AND/OR THE LICENSING OF THE LSI SOFTWARE EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY CUSTOMER FOR THIS PRODUCT. IN NO EVENT SHALL LSI BE LIABLE TO CUSTOMER OR ANY THE OTHER FOR ANY PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR SPECIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOSS OF PROFITS, INCURRED BY THAT PARTY, HOWEVER CAUSED AND UNDER ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, NEGLIGENCE OR PRODUCT LIABILITY) OR WARRANTY, IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, USE AND DISPOSITION OF THE PRODUCT AND/OR THE LICENSING OF THE LSI SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
Manual No. DB11-000033-00 08P5525
LSI Logic Corporation North American Headquarters Milpitas, CA
408.433.8000
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