Audio Discord3 Upgrade User Manual

Discord User’s Guide

Audio Damage, Inc.
Release 3.0

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on
the part of Audio Damage, Inc. The software described by this document is subject to a License Agreement
and may not be copied to other media except as specifically allowed in the License Agreement. No part of this
publication may be copied, reproduced or otherwise transmitted or recorded, for any purpose, without prior
written permission by Audio Damage, Inc.

© 2010 Audio Damage, Inc. All rights reserved.

Credits

Software Design and Construction, Documentation

Chris Randall
Adam Schabtach

Field Testing

Matthew Davidson
Steve Hamann

Made Possible By

Elle
Tracie

Fuzzy Logic

Alfred
Edwin
Chica
Madeline
Pablo
Zed
In memory of Widget

License Agreement

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respect to the use of the Software.

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing Discord3, the newest version of Audio Damage's best-selling Discord series of pitch­shifting based effect plug-ins. A pair of three-algorithm pitch shifting blocks combine with a warm, "vintage"
style true stereo tempo-synced delay to give you a multi-effect with an extremely broad palette of unique and
usable special effects. From subtle ADT and chorusing to mad-house granular destruction and saturated
feedback, Discord3 is a sound designer's best friend, and an excellent addition to the Discord family of effects.

What’s New in Version 3

If you’re familiar with our previous version of Discord, here are the highlights of the new features in version 2:

 Two new pitch shifting algorithms. The original Discord algorithm is present as the “Vintage”

mode. The “Clean” mode introduces a new, cleaner shifting algorithm with the same control set as the
Vintage mode, The Granular is a granular pitch shifting algorithm that allows either smooth shifting or
chaotic destruction, depending on the settings. These modes are designated P1, P2, and Gr
respectively.

 Buffer Size control. The P1 and P2 algorithms introduce a buffer size control for each side that

allows user control over the windowing of the algorithms, for fine tuning the shifting effect to the input
material, or for special effects.

 New filter control. The pair of filters for each delay have been replaced with a single X/Y control for

a bandpass filter's width and center frequency, for easy programming and new feedback effects.

 Completely redesigned user interface. Discord3 has introduced new controls to the Discord family;

rather than knobs, which are poorly suited to fine control on a computer screen, we have introduced a
numerical control. Each number in the value can be grabbed and individually adjusted. Furthermore,
we have replaced all remaining knobs with sliders, for easier programming on a computer screen.

 MIDI Learn. This effect has MIDI Learn like all our products, but we have added it to the AudioUnit

as well; if your AudioUnit host allows sending MIDI to an insert effect, Discord3 AU will respond to
MIDI Learn just like the VST always has.

System Requirements

To use Discord, you'll need a Steinberg VST-compatible host application which conforms to the VST 2.0
specifications, and a computer capable of running it. For the Audio Unit version of Tattoo, you’ll need an
application capable of hosting Audio Unit plug-ins, and an Apple computer with an Intel CPU capable of
running it.

We support the use of Discord under Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, or Windows 7; and Apple OS X version 10.5
or newer.

Installation

Double-click the Discord Installer icon, and follow the instructions. During the installation process the installer
will ask you to enter your registration code. Your registration code uniquely identifies your purchase, and you
will need it if you need to reinstall your plug-in (for example, after upgrading to a new computer). You can
retrieve your code from your account at the Audio Damage website if you misplace it. Please don’t share your
code with your friends. We’re delighted if you like our products so much that you want to share them, but
please ask your friends to buy their own copy so that we can keep making new products.

To un-install from OS X, simply delete the plug-in from your VST folder, which is usually located at

/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST/, and your AudioUnits folder, which is located at /Library/Audio/Plug­Ins/Components/. To un-install from Windows, use the included un-installer application.

Operation

Discord is a digital pitch-shifter and delay plug-in. The P1 algorithm, "Vintage," is modeled after a particular
vintage unit which is still highly desired for its vocal-doubling abilities and chorusing effects. P2, "Clean," is a
more modern shifting algorithm, with a sound that emphasizes bell-like harmonics at more extreme settings.
The Gr algorithm, "Granular," provides a very smooth pitch shift within 5 semitones of the original program
material, but is easily capable of far more extreme sound-effects style shifting and chaotic behavior than P1 or
P2.

The signal path of Discord3 follows the general design of digital pitch-shifting delays of the early 1980s, with
the pitch shifters feeding in to the delays, and the delays' feedback paths going back in to the pitch shifters,
for accumulating pitch-shifting effects. We've extended the control range of all three pitch-shifting algorithms
two octaves beyond their accurate ranges (which are +/- one octave) in order to create special effects. We've
also added Buffer Size controls to P1 and P2 to enable fine control over the windowing effect of those two
algorithms.

Discord is a true stereo processor. If used in a stereo context (for example, as an insert on a stereo channel in
your DAW’s mixer), the left and right channels are processed independently with no summing. If you use the
plug-in in a mono context, the incoming signal is routed to both the left and right processors and their outputs
are added together.

There are independent right and left controls for almost all of the parameters. The controls in the upper half of
the window affect the left channel’s processing blocks and the controls in the lower half of the window control
the right channel’s blocks. If you turn on the LINK L & R switch, the left and right controls are linked together
so that you can adjust both channel parameters simultaneously.

Discord uses numeric controls for many of its parameters. To change their value, simply click
on them with the mouse and drag upwards or downwards. The numeric controls notice where

you click on them, and change only the digit that you clicked. For example, if you click on the
2 in the control shown here and drag upwards, the value will change from 1234 to 1334, 1434, etc. If you
click on the 3 and drag downwards, the control will change from 1234 to 1224, 1214, and so on.

The following screen shot shows Discord’s user interface. The controls are described in the following
paragraphs.

1. Pitch Shift Controls

The mode control at the top left of Discord’s window chooses one of three modes of operation for Discord’s
pitch shifters. These modes are:

 P1, Vintage: this mode is a careful reproduction of hardware pitch shifters from yesteryear. P1 is also

the pitch shifting algorithm used in previous versions of Discord.

 P2, Clean: this mode is similar to P1 but usually produces a cleaner shifted sound than P1,

particularly at smaller shifting intervals. At larger intervals it can take on an interesting metallic
quality that is useful for special effects.

 Gr, Granular: this mode is derived from a signal-processing technique called granular synthesis.

Granular synthesis involves chopping a sound into short segments, called grains, and playing them
back at different rates to vary the perceived pitch of the sound. Discord 3’s granular processors are
tailored for pitch-shifting applications but can create unusual effects ranging from a subtle tremolo to
a pointillist spattering of sound.

The SHIFT LEFT and SHIFT RIGHT controls change the amount that the pitch of the incoming signal is raised or
lowered. The value in the display indicates the amount of pitch shift, expressed in cents or hundredths of a
semitone. A positive shift amount increases (or sharpens) the pitch of the signal, while a negative amount
decreases (or flattens) it. For example, a shift value of +1200 raises the signal’s pitch by one octave, and a
value of -700 lowers it a fifth. The SHIFT controls have a range of ±3600.

When mode P1 or P2 is active, the BUFFER LEFT and BUFFER RIGHT controls vary the size of the delay
buffers used to create the pitch-shifting effect. Changing the buffer size allows you to tailor Discord’s shifting
process to work well with your source material. Larger buffers will generally create a smoother-sounding pitch
shift but may blur the attack transients of drums and other sharp sounds.

When mode Gr is active, the DURATION and INTERVAL controls adjust Discord’s granular processors. The

DURATION control sets the length of each sound grain, in milliseconds (thousands of a second). The
INTERVAL control sets the spacing between the beginning of one grain and the next, also in milliseconds.

Each control can have a dramatic influence on Discord’s sound. Try adjusting both controls to produce a
smooth shifting sound or special effects. If the duration setting is about the same as or less than the interval
setting, the grains will no longer overlap and you’ll hear them as separate sounds. As you increase the interval
the grains will overlap and discord’s output will become smoother.

The chaos control applies a variable amount of randomization to the granular process. Click and drag to the
right in the area below the word “Chaos” to increase the amount of randomization. The chaos control
randomly varies the duration, interval, and pitch of the sound grains. As a side-effect it also creates panning
effects since the left and right granular processors are randomized independently.

2. Delay Controls

The DELAY LEFT and DELAY RIGHT controls change the amount that the pitch-shifted signals are delayed in
relation to the original (dry) signal. Each delay has a range of 0 to 1999 msec, or approximately two seconds.

The numeric delay controls operate either in units of time or in metrical units, that is, fractions of a beat. Click
on the unit indicators in the upper-right corner of the controls (i.e. the words “ms” and “sync”) to switch
between the two modes.

If the SYNC mode is active, Discord uses the current tempo reported by
your host to calculate its delay time. In this mode the delay time control
sets the delay length in metrical units. The range of values is 1/32nd to
1/1 (a whole measure), with dotted and triplet times available. Triplet

values are denoted with a “T” after the beat fraction, and dotted values are denoted with a period. For
example, “1/8 .” indicates a delay time with a dotted eighth note feel. Discord will track tempo changes,

saving you from having to adjust its delay time by hand when you change the tempo of your song.

Short delay times can enhance a chorusing or doubling effect created with small amounts of pitch shifting. If
you set the left and right delay times to slightly different values, Discord will produce a wide stereo chorus.
Long delay times create familiar echo effects. In conjunction with pitch shifting and feedback, long delays
produce echoes that ascend or descend in pitch.

The FEEDBACK slider controls the feedback level, that is, the amount of the output signal which is fed back
into the pitch shifter. Note that the feedback path goes through the delay lines and the filters before returning
to the pitch shifter. Extreme rising and falling pitch effects can be obtained with longer feedback times when
the pitch shift amount is set to a value other than zero. The plug-in will self-oscillate at higher feedback
settings, creating interesting noise effects.

The CROSS FDBK slider controls a second feedback path. As you move this slider to the right, some of the
signal is fed to the input of the other channel. For example, if you move the right-channel CROSS FDBK slider,
the right channel output signal is fed back into the input of the left channel. This cross-channel feedback can
be used to create delay effects that bounce back and forth, thicker chorusing, more complex pitch-shift
effects, etc.

If you use the LFO (or automation, or a MIDI controller) to modulate the delay time, you will hear a change in
pitch also. This is separate from the pitch change created by the pitch shifter, and an inherent side-effect of
dynamically changing the time of a delay. (Delay effects of lesser quality than Discord make nasty clicking
sounds rather than altering the pitch of the delayed signal, which is why you may not have noticed that
changing delay times affect pitch.)

3. Filter Controls

Discord has low-pass and high-pass filters which come after the delay lines in the signal chain. These filters
can be adjusted to alter the timbre of the pitch-shifted and delayed signal. For instance, you can use the low­pass filter to create a “darker” sound, or the high-pass filter to create a “thinner” sound.

The filters are controlled in tandem with the graph-like controls labeled, appropriately enough, FILTER. Since
the filter controls change the low- and high-pass filters simultaneously the filters act like a band-pass filter
with a variable width. Dragging the white circle in the control changes the corner frequencies of both filters.
Dragging up and down moves the corner frequencies farther apart and closer together; dragging left and right

moves the frequencies in the same direction. As you pull the white dot downwards, the filters move together

Moving the white dot horizontally changes the filter

frequencies in the same direction, moving the frequency

pass-band higher and lower

Moving the white dot vertically moves the filter frequencies

together and apart, making the frequency pass-band

narrower and wider

and allow only a narrow band of frequencies to pass through. You can then move the dot left and right to hear
that band move up and down in frequency.

The behavior of the filters is easier to hear than to describe in words. If you play with the filter controls a little
while running a signal with broad frequency content (like a bright synth pad or a drum loop with cymbals)
through Discord, you’ll hear their effect. It may be helpful to set the MIX slider to the far right so that you
hear only the processed signal.

4. LFO Controls

Discord has two low-frequency oscillators (LFOs) that can be used to change, or modulate, the amount of
pitch shifting, the delay times, and the frequencies of the filters. Hence the LFOs can be used to create vibrato
or trill effects by changing the pitch, doubling and chorusing effects by changing the delay time, and tonal
changes by changing the filter frequencies.

The numeric LFO controls determine how fast the output of the LFO varies over time. They
operate either in units of frequency (Hertz, or cycles per second), or in metrical units. The
LFO’s rate can be set from one cycle every 100 seconds (or 0.01 cycles per second,
abbreviated 0.01 Hz) to 14 cycles every second (14 Hz). Click on the unit indicators in the
upper-right corner of the controls (i.e. the words “Hz” and “sync”) to switch between the
two modes.

The WAVESHAPE slider and WAVEFORM buttons work together to control how the LFO’s output varies over
time. The WAVEFORM buttons let you choose one of four waveforms, with sawtooth, pulse, sinusoidal, and

randomly determined shapes. The WAVESHAPE slider changes the basic waveform in different ways,
depending on which waveform is chosen with the WAVEFORM buttons.

 If the sawtooth wave is selected, and the WAVESHAPE slider is set to the middle of its range, the output

of the LFO rises and falls evenly between its lowest and highest values, creating a symmetric triangular
wave. If you move the WAVESHAPE slider to the left from its center, the LFO output rises more quickly
and falls more slowly. If you move the WAVESHAPE slider to the right, the LFO rises more slowly and falls
more quickly.

 If the pulse wave is selected, and the WAVESHAPE slider is set to the middle of its range, the output of

the LFO jumps between its lowest and highest values, staying for an equal period of time at both values.
If you move the WAVESHAPE slider to the left, the output stays at its highest value for a shorter period of
time. If you move the WAVESHAPE slider to the right, the output stays at lowest value for a shorter
period of time. In engineering terms, the WAVESHAPE slider varies the duty cycle of the rectangular
wave.

 If the sine wave is selected, and the WAVESHAPE slider is set to the middle of its range, the output of the

LFO varies smoothly between its lowest and highest values. The difference between a sine wave and a
triangle wave is that the triangle wave abruptly changes direction when it reaches its highest and lowest
values; whereas the sine wave gradually slows down, stops, and speeds up again when it changes
directions. Moving the WAVESHAPE slider warps and skews the sine wave without creating any sharp
corners in its shape. Its effect is far easier to hear than to describe.

 If the random wave is selected, and the WAVESHAPE slider is moved all the way to the left, the output of

the LFO jumps to a random value, changing at a rate determined by the numeric control. As you move the
WAVESHAPE slider to the right, the output moves more slowly from one random value to the next.

The diagram on the next page illustrates the different modulation signals generated by different settings of
the WAVEFORM and WAVESHAPE controls.

Above each LFO are two sliders which control how much the LFOs influence the delays and filters. The TIME
MOD slider causes the LFO to vary the delay time. Moving the slider to the left causes the LFO to decrease the
delay time, moving it to the right causes it to increase the delay time. The FILTER MOD slider causes the LFO
to vary the frequencies of the filters, as if you were dragging the filter control circle back and forth. Moving
the slider to the right causes the LFO to increase the filter frequencies, moving it to the left causes it to
decrease the filter frequencies.

Each pitch control also has an associated slider for the LFO which controls how much the LFO changes the
amount of pitch shifting. Moving the slider to the left causes the LFO to lower the pitch-shifting interval while
moving the slider to the right causes the LFO to raise the pitch-shifting interval.

5. Master Sliders

The INPUT slider controls the loudness of the signal entering Discord. Usually you’ll leave this slider at its
default setting of unity gain (0dB). You may want to decrease the level of the input signal by moving the slider
to the left if you hear undesired distortion in Discord’s output, particularly if you are using high feedback
settings.

The MIX slider varies the relative amounts of the original (dry) signal and the processed (wet) signal in the
plug-in’s output. The MIX slider is bidirectional. At its center position equal amounts of the wet and dry signal
are sent to the plug-in’s output. As you move the slider to the right from the center position, the amount of
wet signal is increased and the amount of dry signal is decreased. Moving the slider left from the center has
the opposite effect. If you move the slider to the extreme right or left position, the plug-in’s output will have
only the wet or dry signal, respectively.

The OUTPUT slider controls the overall output level (volume) of the plug-in. As you move the slider to the
right the output becomes louder. The slider has a range of -80dB, which turns the signal off for all practical
purposes, to +3dB, to provide a small amount of boost for weak signals. In most cases you’ll probably just
leave this slider at its default setting of 0dB, or unity gain, but you can use it to quickly reduce the output
level if Discord starts to get carried away with itself.

6. Master Switches

The LINK L + R switch, when turned on, links the operation of each left-channel control to its counterpart on
the right channel. When you manipulate a control on the left channel the corresponding control on the right
channel will move also. Moving controls on the right channel does not affect the left channel. For example,
you can use the left shift control to set the shift interval of both channels, then use the right shift control to
detune the right channel relative to the left. Note that turning this switch on does not immediately change any
of the plug-in’s parameters, nor does it cause the channels to process audio any differently. You won’t lose
any of the plug-in’s current settings when you turn this switch on or off. In other words, it’s not the same as
the channel-link control found on some stereo compressors. It merely provides a convenient way to set the
parameters of both channels to the same values when you manipulate the left-channel controls.

The MIDI SHIFT switch engages or disengages MIDI control of the shift amount. If the MIDI SHIFT switch is
turned on, the SHIFT controls are disengaged and incoming MIDI note and pitch-bend messages set the shift

interval. Pressing a note on your MIDI controller and/or manipulating the pitch bend wheel will set the pitch
shifting effect accordingly, enabling you to play the pitch shifter as if it were an instrument. Middle C (MIDI
note 60) sets the pitch shifter at zero, or no shifting. The range is three octaves below middle C to three
octaves above middle C. The left and right pitch shifters are set to the same interval.
Note: Different hosts have different ways of allowing MIDI information to be routed to effects plug-ins. In
some hosts, it is not possible to send MIDI information to effects plug-ins. Consult the documentation for your
host if you are unsure about its MIDI routing capabilities.

MIDI Controllers

Discord responds to MIDI continuous controller messages. You can use hardware MIDI controllers, such as

MIDI slider boxes or the knobs found on some MIDI keyboards, to adjust Discord’s parameters.

Discord has a simple “MIDI Learn” mode for assigning its sliders and switches to MIDI controllers. To assign a

control to a MIDI controller:

1. Hold down the SHIFT and CTRL keys on your PC’s keyboard, or SHIFT and CMD keys if you’re using a Mac,

and click once on the control. A white box will be drawn around the control to indicate that it is ready
to learn which MIDI controller it will be assigned to.

2. Move the MIDI controller to send a continuous controller message—turn the knob, press the button,

move the slider, whatever is appropriate.

3. The white square will disappear. Now the control will move when you manipulate the MIDI controller.

Discord waits until it has received two consecutive continuous controller messages with the same controller
number before it makes an assignment. This filters out extraneous data sent by some MIDI controllers. If you
are assigning a button or switch on a MIDI controller, you may have to press or move the switch twice before
Discord recognizes the controller and assigns it to the desired knob.

 To assign a different MIDI controller to a control, repeat the same procedure using a different

controller.

 To cancel MIDI Learn mode without assigning a controller, hold down the SHIFT and CTRL keys (SHIFT

and CMD keys on a Mac) and click in any empty area in Discord’s window (i.e., don’t click on another
control). The white box will disappear.

 To remove a MIDI controller assignment from a control, SHIFT and CTRL keys, (SHIFT and CMD keys on a

Mac) click on the control once so that the white box appears, then click again on the same control.

Discord’s MIDI controller assignments apply to all presets and instances of Discord, in all host applications that

you use. The MIDI assignments are stored in a special file on your hard drive. The contents of this file are
read when Discord is loaded by your host. If you have two or more instances of Discord in use at once, any
MIDI assignments you make will not be propagated to the other instances until the next time that your host
loads the plug-ins.

Automation

All of Discord’s parameters can be automated using your host's automation features. Consult your host's
documentation for information on how to use these features.

We’re On TV!

Well, not really, but we do have a number of tutorial videos available online for your viewing pleasure. Many
of the topics described in this manual are demonstrated with video screencasts available in the Support
section of our website, http://www.audiodamage.com.

And Finally…

Thanks again for purchasing Discord. We make every effort to ensure your satisfaction with our products, and
want you to be happy with your purchase. Please write to [e-mail] if you have any
questions or comments.