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U2010B
Phase-Control IC – Current Feedback, Overload Protection
Description
The U2010B is designed as a phase-control circuit in
bipolar technology. It enables load-current detection and
has a soft-start function as well as reference voltage
Features
D Full wave current sensing
output. Motor control with load-current feedback and
overload protection are preferred applications.
D Internal supply-voltage monitoring
D Mains supply variation compensated
D Programmable load-current limitation
with over- and high-load output
D Variable soft start
D Voltage and current synchronization
D Automatic retriggering switchable
D Triggering pulse typical 125 mA
Block Diagram
15
Automatic
retriggering
16
Pulse
output
1
Limiting
detector
Current
detector
Load
current
detector
Voltage
detector
Phase
control unit
= f (V
Level
shift
D Current requirement v 3 mA
D Temperature-compensated reference voltage
Applications
D Advanced motor control
D Grinder
D Drilling machine
14 13 12
Over-
Mains voltage
compensation
)
4
–
load
Output
12
Full wave
rectifier
Programmable
+
monitoring
100% 70%
overload
protection
Voltage
Soft
start
11
Supply
voltageHigh load
max
Auto–
start
I
max
U2010B
Reference
voltage
10
G
N
D
A
B
9
C
2
3 5 67 8
4
Figure 1. Block diagram
Ordering Information
Extended Type Number Package Remarks
U2010B-x DIP16 Tube
U2010B-xFP SO16 Tube
U2010B-xFPG3 SO16 Taped and reeled
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 1 (13)
U2010B
B
C
Mode
A
1
S
1
C
22 F
3
D
1
D
/2 W
18 k
LED
BYT51K
8
R
1
R
2
R
max
10
GND
S
V
470 k
330 k
Overload
14 13 12 11
15
Supply
voltage
High load
compensation
Mains voltage
Voltage
detector
detector
Limiting
9
B
A
max
100% 70%
Output
Automatic
retriggering
C
max
I
Auto–
start
overload
protection
Programmable
+
2
rectifier
1
Full wave
–
)
4
= f (V
Phase
control unit
Current
detector
U2010B
Voltage
monitoring
Reference
Soft
Level
Load
current
C
voltage
2
C
4.7 F
start
threshold
Overload
11
R
1 M
5
C
0.1 F
0.15 F
shift
3 5 67 8
24
detector
14
R
4
C
3
C
10 nF
1
P
10
R
Set point
50 k
7
1 F
100 k
7
R
Load current
compensation
16
3
R
Load
230 V ~
TIC
226
Figure 2. Block diagram with external circuit
General Description
Mains Supply
The U2010B contains voltage limiting and can be
connected with the mains supply via D1 and R1. Supply
voltage * between Pin 10 and Pin 11 * is smoothed
by C1.
1
180
$
4
R
3.3 k
= 250 mV
(R6)
^
V
6
R
5
R
3.3 k
In the case of V6 v (70% of overload threshold voltage),
Pins 11 and 12 are connected internally whereby
V
v 1.2 V. When V6 w V
sat
, the supply current
T70
flows across D3.
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-002 (13)
Pin Description
Pin Symbol Function
1 I
2 I
sense
sense
3 C Ramp voltage
4 Control Control input
5 Comp. Compensation output
6 I
7 C
8 V
Load
soft
Ref
9 Mode Mode selection
10 GND Ground
11 V
12 High load High load indication
13 Overload Overload indication
14 V
15 V
R
Sync.
16 Output Trigger output
Series resistance R1 can be calculated as follows:
R
1max
where:
V
mains
V
Smax
I
tot
I
Smax
I
x
+ Mains supply voltage
+ Maximum supply voltage
+ Total current consumption = I
+ Maximum current consumption of the IC
+ Current consumption of the
Voltage Monitoring
When the voltage is built up, uncontrolled output pulses
are avoided by internal voltage monitoring. Apart from
that, all latches in the circuit (phase control, load limit
regulation) are reset and the soft-start capacitor is short
circuited. This guarantees a specified start-up behavior
each time the supply voltage is switched on or after short
interruptions of the mains supply. Soft start is initiated
after the supply voltage has been built up. This behavior
guarantees a gentle start-up for the motor and automatically ensures the optimum run-up time.
Phase Control
The function of the phase control is largely identical to the
well-known IC U211B. The phase angle of the trigger
pulse is derived by comparing the ramp voltage V3 which
is mains-synchronized by the voltage detector with the set
Load current sensing
Load current sensing
Load current limitation
Soft start
Reference voltage
Supply voltage
S
Ramp current adjust
Voltage synchronization
V
– V
+
mains
2 I
Smax
tot
external components
Smax
)I
U2010B
I
1
sense
sense
C
Load
soft
Ref
2
3
4
U2010B
5
6
7
8
Figure 3. Pinning
I
Control
Comp.
I
C
V
value on the control input, Pin 4. The slope of the ramp
is determined by C and its charging current I. The
charging current can be varied using R at Pin 14. The
maximum phase angle, α
can also be adjusted by
max,
using R (minimum current flow angle
figure 5.
When the potential on Pin 3 reaches the set point level of
x
Pin 4, a trigger pulse width, tp, is determined from the
value of C (tp = 9 s/nF). At the same time, a latch is set
with the output pulse, as long as the automatic
retriggering has not been activated, then no more pulses
can be generated in that half cycle. Control input at Pin 4
(with respect to Pin 10) has an active range from
V8 to –1 V. When V4 = V8, then the phase angle is at its
maximum, α
The minimum phase angle, α
, i.e., the current flow angle is minimum.
max
, is set with V4 w –1 V.
min
Automatic Retriggering
The current-detector circuit monitors the state of the triac
after triggering by measuring the voltage drop at the triac
gate. A current flow through the triac is recognized when
the voltage drop exceeds a threshold level of typ. 40 mV.
If the triac is quenched within the relevant half-wave after
triggering (for example owing to low load currents before
or after the zero crossing of current wave, or for commutator motors, owing to brush lifters), the automatic
retriggering circuit ensures immediate retriggering, if
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Output
V
V
Overload
High load
V
GND
Mode
Sync.
R
S
min
), see
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 3 (13)
U2010B
necessary with a high repetition rate, tpp/tp, until the triac
remains reliably triggered.
Current Synchronization
Current synchronization fulfils two functions:
* Monitoring the current flow after triggering.
In case the triac extinguishes again or it does not switch
on, automatic triggering is activated until the
triggering is successful.
* Avoiding a triggering due to inductive load.
In the case of inductive load operation, the current
synchronization ensures that in the new half wave no
pulse is enabled as long as there is a current available
from the previous half wave, which flows from the
opposite polarity to the actual supply voltage.
A special feature of the integrated circuit is the
realization of this current synchronization. The device
evaluates the voltage at the pulse output between gate and
reference electrode of the triac. This results in saving
separate current synchronization input with specified
series resistance.
Voltage Synchronization with Mains Voltage
Compensation
The voltage detector synchronizes the reference ramp
with the mains supply voltage. At the same time, the
mains-dependent input current at Pin 15 is shaped and
rectified internally. This current activates the automatic
retriggering and at the same time is available at Pin 5. By
suitable dimensioning, it is possible to obtain the specified compensation effect. Automatic retriggering and
mains voltage compensation are not activated until
|V15 – 10| increases to 8 V. The resistance R
the width of the zero voltage cross over pulse, synchronization current, and hence the mains supply voltage
compensation current.
sync.
defines
If the mains voltage compensation and the automatic
retriggering are not required, both functions can be
suppressed by limiting |V
| v 7 V, see figure 4.
15 – 10
Load-Current Compensation
The circuit continuously measures the load current as a
voltage drop at resistance R6. The evaluation and use of
both half waves results in a quick reaction to load-current
change. Due to voltage at resistance R6, there is a
difference between both input currents at Pins 1 and 2.
This difference controls the internal current source,
whose positive current values are available at Pins 5
and 6. The output current generated at Pin 5 contains the
difference from the load-current detection and from the
mains voltage compensation, see figure 2.
The effective control voltage at Pin 4 is the final current
at Pin 5 together with the desired value network. An
increase of mains voltage causes the increase of control
angle α, an increase of load current results in a decrease
in the control angle. This avoids a decrease in revolution
by increasing the load as well as an increase of revolution
by the increment of mains supply voltage.
Load-Current Limitation
The total output load current is available at Pin 6. It
results in a voltage drop across R11. When the potential
of the load current reaches about 70% of the threshold
value (V
high-load comparator and opens the switch between
Pins 11 and 12. By using an LED between these pins
(11 and 12), a high-load indication can be realized.
If the potential at Pin 6 increases to about 6.2 V (= V
it switches the overload comparator. The result is
programmable at Pin 9 (operation mode).
), i.e., about 4.35 V at Pin 6, it switches the
T70
T100
),
Mains
R
2
15
2x
BZX55
C6V2
Figure 4. Suppression of mains voltage compensation
and retrigger automatic
U2010B
10
Mode selection:
a) α
(V9 = 0)
max
In this mode of operation, Pin 13 switches to –V
(Pin 11) and Pin 6 to GND (Pin 10) after V6 has
reached the threshold V
then shorted and the control angle is switched to
α
. This position is maintained until the supply
max
voltage is switched off. The motor can be started
again with soft-start function when the power is
switched on again. As the overload condition
switches Pin 13 to Pin 11, it is possible to use a
smaller control angle, α
resistance between Pins 13 and 14.
. A soft-start capacitor is
T100
, by connecting a further
max
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-004 (13)
S
U2010B
b) Auto start (Pin 9 * open), see figure 12
The circuit behaves as described under α
max
with the exception that Pin 6 is not connected to
GND. If the value of V6 decreases to 25% of the
threshold value (V
), the circuit becomes active
T25
again with soft start.
(V9 = 0),
c) I
When V6 has reached the maximum overload
threshold value (i.e., V6 = V
to Pin 8 (V
without soft-start capacitor discharging at Pin 7.
With this mode of operation, direct load-current
control (I
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Reference point Pin 10, unless otherwise specified
Parameter Symbol Value Unit
Sink current Pin 11 –I
t v s –i
Sync. currents Pin 15
t v s
Phase control
Control voltage Pins 4 and 8 –V
Input current Pin 4 " I
Charging current Pin 14 – I
Soft start
Input voltage Pins 7 and 8 –V
Pulse output
Input voltage Pin 16 +V
Reference voltage source
Output current Pin 8 I
t v s 30 mA
Load-current sensing
Input currents Pins 1 and 2 " I
Input voltages Pins 5 and 6 – V
Overload output Pin 13 I
High-load output Pin 12
t v s
Storage temperature range T
Junction temperature range T
Ambient temperature range T
"I
"i
(V9 = V8), see figure 14
max
) through the resistance R (= 2 k)
Ref
) is possible.
max
S
s
syncV
syncV
I
I
max
ϕ
I
I
–V
I
0
i
i
L
I
L
stg
j
amb
*40 to )125
*10 to )100
), Pin 13 is switched
T100
30 mA
100 mA
5
20
0 – V
8
500 A
0.5 mA
0 – V
8
2
V
11
10 mA
1 mA
0 – V
8
1 mA
30
100
125
mA
mA
V
V
V
V
V
mA
mA
C
C
C
Thermal Resistance
Parameter Symbol Value Unit
Junction ambient DIP16
SO16 on p.c.
SO16 on ceramic
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 5 (13)
R
R
R
thJA
thJA
thJA
120
180
100
K/W
K/W
K/W
U2010B
Electrical Characteristics
VS + –13 V, T
Parameter Test Conditions / Pins Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Supply Pin 11
Supply-voltage limitation –I
Current requirement –V
Reference voltage source Pin 8
Reference voltage I
Temperature coefficient I
Voltage monitoring Pin 11
Turn-on threshold –V
Phase control – synchronization Pin 15
Input current Voltage sync. "I
Voltage limitation " I
Input current Current sync. Pin 16 "I
Reference ramp, see figure 5
Charging current Pin 14 –I
Start voltage Pin 3 –V
Temperature coefficient of
start voltage Pin 3 TC
Final voltage Pin 3 –V
Rϕ − reference voltage I
Temperature coefficient I
Pulse output current V
Output pulse width V
Automatic retriggering
Repetition rate
Threshold voltage Pin 16 "V
Soft start, see figures 8 and 9 Pin 7
Starting current V
Final current V
Discharge current +I
Output current Pin 4 +I
= 25°C, reference point Pin 10, unless otherwise specified
amb
= 3.5 mA
S
–I
= 30 mA
S
= 13.0 V
S
–V
–V
(Pins 1, 2, 8 and 15 open)
= 10 A
L
I
= 2.5 mA
L
= 2.5 mA
S
I
= 10 A
S
= 2 mA "V
L
= Α Pins 14 and 11 V
ϕ
= Α Pin 14
ϕ
I
= Α
ϕ
= –1.2 V, fig. 6, Pin 16 I
16
= V
S
limit,
C
= 3.3 nF, see figure 7,
3
Pin 16
–V
–V
TC
TC
TC
TC
I15 w 150 A
= V
7
8
= –1V –I
7–10
S
S
–I
S
Ref
Ref
VRef
VRef
Son
syncV
syncV
syncI
ϕ
max
R
min
R
ϕ
VR
VR
0
t
p
t
pp
–I
0
0
0
0
14.5
14.6
8.6
8.4
8.9
8.8
–0.004
+0.006
11.3 12.3 V
0.15 2 mA
8.0 8.5 9.0 V
3 30 A
1 100 A
1.85 1.95 2.05 V
–0.003 %/K
(V8"200 mV)
0.96 1.02 1.10 V
ϕ
ϕ
0.03
0.06
100 125 150 mA
30 s
3 5 7.5 t
I
20 60 mV
5 10 15 A
15 25 40 A
0.5 mA
0.2 2 mA
16.5
16.8
3.2 mA
9.2
9.1
%/K
%/K
%/K
%/K
V
V
V
V
p
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-006 (13)
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
VS + –13 V, T
Mains voltage compensation, see figure 10 Pin 15
Transfer gain I15/ I
Output offset current V
Load-current detection, R
Transfer gain I5/150 mV, I6/150 mV G
Output offset currents Pin 5, Pin 6 - 8 –I
Reference voltage I1, I2 = 100 A Pins 1 and 2 –V
Shunt voltage amplitude See figure 2 "V
Load current limitation, Pin 6-8
High load switching Threshold V
Overload switching Threshold V
Restart switching Threshold V
Input current Enquiry mode I
Output impedance Switching mode R
Programming input, see figure 2, Pin 9
Input voltage - auto-start Pin 9 open –V
Input current V9 = 0 (
High load output, V
Saturation voltages V
Overload output, V
Leakage current V
Saturation voltages V
Output current, max. load V9 = V8, see figure 14,Pin 13 I
Leakage current V
Output impedance Open collector
Saturation voltage V
= 25°C, reference point Pin 10, unless otherwise specified
amb
5
Pin 15/5
(Pins 1 and 2 open)
1 = R2
= V15 = V
(R6)
= 3 k, V
= 0 "I
5
= 0, V
15
T70
T100
= V
5
, figure 13 V
,
= V
6
see figure 11
8,
V
figures 14, 15
, figure 12 V
T25
)
V9 = V8 (I
, see figure 13, I12 = –3 mA, Pin 11-12
T70
6-8
V
6-8
, V9 = open or V9 = V10, see figure 14
T100
6-8
V
13
6-8
I
13
6
V
6
6-8
I
13
max
)
max
V
T70
v
V
T70
w
V
T25
v
= (V
+1)V Pin 13 I
11
V
,
T100
w
= 10 A Pins 11-13 V
V
T100
v
V
T100
w
V
T100
w
= 10 A Pin 13 V
Pin 13 I
Pin 13 R
,
G
T100
–I
V
V
13–8
Ref
(R6)
T70
T25
i
0
I
9
sat
lim
lkg
sat
13
lkg
0
U2010B
UnitMax.Typ.Min.SymbolTest Conditions / PinsParameter
i
0
I
0
9
9
14 17 20
2 A
0.28 0.32 0.37 A/mV
0 3 6 A
300 400 mV
250 mV
4 4.35 4.7 V
5.8 6.2 6.6 V
1.25 1.55 1.85 V
1
2 4 8 k
3.8 4.3 4.7 V
5
5
0.5
7.0
10
10
0.75
7.4
20
20
1.0
7.8
V
V
0.5
0.1 V
1 mA
4
2 4 8 k
100 mV
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 7 (13)
U2010B
250
10 nF
6.8 nF
4.7 nF 3.3 nF 2.2 nF
R (R8) ( k )
33 nF
200
°
150
100
Phase angle ( )
50
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Figure 5. Ramp control
120
100
80
60
GT
I ( mA )
40
C
= 1.5 nF
/ t
VGT=–1.2V
50
VS=–13V
V6=V
40
30
7
I ( A )
20
10
0
8
Reference Point Pin 8
0 2.5 5.0 7.5
Figure 8. Soft-start charge current
12
10
7
V ( V )
1F
8
2.2F 4.7F
6
4
10
V7 ( V )
Reference Point Pin 8
C=10F
20
0
0 200 400 600 800
RGT ( )
Figure 6. Pulse output
400
tp/C=9s/nF
300
200
p
t ( s )
100
0
01020
C = ( nF )
Figure 7. Output pulse width
1000
30
2
0
02468
t ( s )
Figure 9. Soft-start characteristic
0
40
80
5
I ( A )
120
160
Pins 1 and 2 open
Vs=–13V
200
–2 –10 1
Reference Point
Pin 10
I15 ( mA )
Figure 10. Mains voltage compensation
VS=–13V
V6=V
8
10
2
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-008 (13)
U2010B
200
V6=V
Ref=V8
VS=–13V
V
15=V10
=0V
160
120
5
I ( A )
Reference Point
Pin 8
80
40
0
–400 –200 0 200
V
( mV )
(R6)
400
Figure 11. Load-current detection
20
VS=–13V
Pin 9 open
Reference Points: V13=Pin 10, V6=Pin 8
16
12
13–10
–V ( V )
8
12
10
VS=–13V
8
V9=V
8
Reference Points:
V13=Pin 10
6
13–10
–V ( V )
V6=Pin 8
4
2
0
02468
t ( s )
Figure 14. Overload switching
20
VS=–13V
V9=V
16
12
13–10
V ( V )
8
10
Reference Points: V13=Pin 10, V6=Pin 8
V
T100
10
4
V
0
T25
V
T100
02468
V
( V )
6–8
Figure 12. Restart switching auto start mode
10
I12=–3mA
8
6
11–12
V ( V )
4
Reference Point Pin 8
2
0
012 3 4
V6 ( V )
V
T70
56
4
V
10
0
02468
T100
10
V
( V )
6–8
Figure 15. Load limitation
10
8
6
V
P ( W )
4
2
7
0
010203040
R1 ( k )
50
Figure 13. High load switching (70%)
Figure 16. Power dissipation of R
1
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 9 (13)
U2010B
10
8
6
V
P ( W )
4
2
0
036912
VM = 230 VX
IS ( mA )
Figure 17. Power dissipation of R
according to current consumption
100
80
60
1max
R (k )
40
20
15
1
0
02468
Figure 18. Maximum resistance of R
VM=230VX
10
IS ( mA )
1
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-0010 (13)
Application Circuit
1
C
22 F
10
S
max
R
1 M
2
max
R
V
Overload
9
14 13 12 11
15
3
D
1
D
/2 W
18 k
LED
BYT51K
8
R
470 k
1
R
GND
Supply
voltage
High load
compensation
Mains voltage
Voltage
detector
A
100% 70%
max
ABC
1
S
9
B
Auto–
start
overload
Programmable
+
2
Output
1
–
Phase
control unit
C
max
I
protection
rectifier
Full wave
4
= f(V )
12
R
220 k
U2010B
Voltage
BC308
monitoring
T1
voltage
Reference
Soft
start
shift
Level
U2010B
6
C
1 F
2
D
1N4148
2
C
4.7 F
11
R
1 M
5
C
0.1 F
3 5 67 8
threshold
Overload
0.15 F
3
C
7
R
R
4
C
10 nF
8.2 k
14
13
R
100 k
7
C
1 F
1
P
50 k
Set point
10
R
100 k
Load current
compensation
330 k
24
Load
4
R
1
current
detector
3.3 k
250 mV
"
=
(R6)
^
V
6
R
5
R
3.3 k
detector
Limiting
Automatic
retriggering
Current
detector
16
3
R
Load
TIC
226
180
L
230 V ~
Figure 19. Application circuit
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 11 (13)
N
U2010B
Package Information
Package DIP16
Dimensions in mm
20.0 max
7.82
7.42
4.8 max
Package SO16
Dimensions in mm
Alternative
1.27
3.3
0.5 min
1.64
1.44
16 9
18
10.0
9.85
0.4
8.89
17.78
0.58
0.48
2.54
1.4
0.25
0.10
technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications
0.39 max
5.2
4.8
3.7
3.8
6.15
5.85
6.4 max
9.75
8.15
0.2
16 9
technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications
18
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-0012 (13)
U2010B
Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement
It is the policy of Atmel Germany GmbH to
1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements.
2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating systems
with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as their impact on
the environment.
It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are known as
ozone depleting substances (ODSs).
The Montreal Protocol (1987) and its London Amendments (1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs and forbid
their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an earlier ban on these
substances.
Atmel Germany GmbH has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use of ODSs listed
in the following documents.
1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments respectively
2. Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA
3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C (transitional substances) respectively.
Atmel Germany GmbH can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting substances
and do not contain such substances.
We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design and may do so without further notice.
Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer
application by the customer. Should the buyer use Atmel Wireless & Microcontrollers products for any unintended
or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify Atmel Wireless & Microcontrollers against all claims,
costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal damage, injury or death
associated with such unintended or unauthorized use.
Data sheets can also be retrieved from the Internet: http://www.atmel–wm.com
Atmel Germany GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany
Telephone: 49 (0)7131 67 2594, Fax number: 49 (0)7131 67 2423
Rev. A4, 23-Nov-00 13 (13)
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