ATMEL AT MEGA 169 P V Service Manual

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Features

• High Performance, Low Power AVR

• Advanced RISC Architecture

– 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution – 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers – Fully Static Operation – Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz – On-Chip 2-cycle Multiplier

• Non-volatile Program and Data Memories

– 16K bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash

Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles

– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits

In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation

– 512 bytes EEPROM

Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles – 1K byte Internal SRAM – Programming Lock for Software Security

• JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant) Interface

– Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard – Extensive On-chip Debug Support – Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface

• Peripheral Features

– 4 x 25 Segment LCD Driver – Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode – One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture

Mode – Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator –Four PWM Channels – 8-channel, 10-bit ADC – Programmable Serial USART – Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface – Universal Serial Interface with Start Condition Detector – Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator – On-chip Analog Comparator – Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Change

• Special Microcontroller Features

– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection – Internal Calibrated Oscillator – External and Internal Interrupt Sources – Five Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, and

Standby

• I/O and Packages

– 54 Programmable I/O Lines – 64-lead TQFP and 64-pad QFN/MLF

• Speed Grade:

– ATmega169PV: 0 - 4 MHz @ 1.8 - 5.5V, 0 - 8 MHz @ 2.7 - 5.5V – ATmega169P: 0 - 8 MHz @ 2.7 - 5.5V, 0 - 16 MHz @ 4.5 - 5.5V

• Temperature range:

– -40°C to 85°C Industrial

• Ultra-Low Power Consumption

– Active Mode:

1 MHz, 1.8V: 330 µA 32 kHz, 1.8V: 10 µA (including Oscillator) 32 kHz, 1.8V: 25 µA (including Oscillator and LCD)

– Power-down Mode:

0.1 µA at 1.8V

– Power-save Mode:

0.6 µA at 1.8V(Including 32 kHz RTC)

8-Bit Microcontroller

8-bit

Microcontroller with 16K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash

ATmega169P ATmega169PV

Preliminary Summary

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1. Pin Configurations

Figure 1-1. Pinout ATmega169P

LCDCAP

(RXD/PCINT0) PE0

(TXD/PCINT1) PE1

(XCK/AIN0/PCINT2) PE2

(AIN1/PCINT3) PE3

(USCK/SCL/PCINT4) PE4

(DI/SDA/PCINT5) PE5

(DO/PCINT6) PE6

(CLKO/PCINT7) PE7

(SS/PCINT8) PB0

(SCK/PCINT9) PB1

(MOSI/PCINT10) PB2

(MISO/PCINT11) PB3

(OC0A/PCINT12) PB4

(OC1A/PCINT13) PB5

(OC1B/PCINT14) PB6

VCC

PF0 (ADC0)

PF1 (ADC1)

PF2 (ADC2)

PF3 (ADC3)

PF4 (ADC4/TCK)

AREF

GND

AVCC

INDEX CORNER

6018592058

PF5 (ADC5/TMS)

57225623552454255326522751

GND

PF7 (ADC7/TDI)

PF6 (ADC6/TDO)

PA0 (COM0)

PA1 (COM1)

PA2 (COM2)

PA3 (COM3)

PA4 (SEG0)

PA5 (SEG1)

PA6 (SEG2)

PA7 (SEG3)

PG2 (SEG4)

PC7 (SEG5)

PC6 (SEG6)

PC5 (SEG7)

PC4 (SEG8)

PC3 (SEG9)

PC2 (SEG10)

PC1 (SEG11)

PC0 (SEG12)

PG1 (SEG13)

PG0 (SEG14)

1.1 Disclaimer

VCC

GND

RESET/PG5

(T1/SEG24) PG3

(T0/SEG23) PG4

(OC2A/PCINT15) PB7

(TOSC1) XTAL1

(TOSC2) XTAL2

(ICP1/SEG22) PD0

(SEG20) PD2

(INT0/SEG21) PD1

(SEG17) PD5

(SEG18) PD4

(SEG19) PD3

(SEG15) PD7

(SEG16) PD6

Note: The large center pad underneath the QFN/MLF packages is made of metal and internally con-

nected to GND. It should be soldered or glued to the board to ensure good mechanical stability. If the center pad is left unconnected, the package might loosen from the board.

Typical values contained in this datasheet are based on simulations and characterization of other AVR microcontrollers manufactured on the same process technology. Min and Max values will be available after the device is characterized.

ATmega169P

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ATmega169P

2. Overview

The ATmega169P is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega169P achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

2.1 Block Diagram

Figure 2-1. Block Diagram

AVCC

AREF

VCC

GND

DATA REGISTER

JTAG TAP

ON-CHIP DEBUG

BOUNDARY-

SCAN

PROGRAMMING

LOGIC

PORTF DRIVERS

PORTF

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTF

ADC

PROGRAM COUNTER

PROGRAM

FLASH

INSTRUCTION

DECODER

CONTROL

LINES

DATA REGISTER

PORTA

STACK

POINTER

SRAM

GENERAL PURPOSE

REGISTERS

ALU

PA0 - PA7PF0 - PF7

PORTA DRIVERS

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTA

8-BIT DATA BUS

INTERNAL

OSCILLATOR

WATCHDOG

TIMER

MCU CONTROL

TIMER/

COUNTERS

INTERRUPT

UNIT

EEPROM

PORTC DRIVERS

DATA REGISTER

PORTC

CALIB. OSC

OSCILLATOR

TIMING AND

CONTROL

PC0 - PC7

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTC

CONTROLLER/

LCD

DRIVER

XTAL1

XTAL2

RESET

ANALOG

COMPARATOR

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DATA REGISTER

AVR CPU

USART

PORTE

UNIVERSAL

SERIAL INTERFACE

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTE

PORTE DRIVERS

STATUS

DATA REGISTER

PORTB

PORTB DRIVERS

PB0 - PB7PE0 - PE7

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTB

SPI

DATA REGISTER

PORTD

REG. PORTD

PORTD DRIVERS

PD0 - PD7

DATA DIR.

DATA REG.

PORTG

PORTG DRIVERS

PG0 - PG4

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTG

The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.

The ATmega169P provides the following features: 16K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 512 bytes EEPROM, 1K byte SRAM, 53 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, a JTAG interface for Boundary-scan, On-chip Debugging support and programming, a complete On-chip LCD controller with internal step-up voltage, three flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, a serial programmable USART, Universal Serial Interface with Start Condition Detector, an 8channel, 10-bit ADC, a programmable Watchdog Timer with internal Oscillator, an SPI serial port, and five software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer and the LCD controller continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base and operate the LCD display while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except asynchronous timer, LCD controller and ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions. In Standby mode, the crystal/resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This allows very fast start-up combined with low-power consumption.

The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density non-volatile memory technology. The On-chip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed In-System through an SPI serial interface, by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer, or by an On-chip Boot program running on the AVR core. The Boot program can use any interface to download the application program in the Application Flash memory. Software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATmega169P is a powerful microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.

The ATmega169P AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C Compilers, Macro Assemblers, Program Debugger/Simulators, In-Circuit Emulators, and Evaluation kits.

ATmega169P

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2.2 Pin Descriptions

2.2.1 VCC

Digital supply voltage.

2.2.2 GND

Ground.

2.2.3 Port A (PA7:PA0)

Port A is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port A output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port A pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port A pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

Port A also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega169P as listed on

”Alternate Functions of Port A” on page 72.

2.2.4 Port B (PB7:PB0)

Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port B output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

ATmega169P

Port B has better driving capabilities than the other ports.

Port B also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega169P as listed on

”Alternate Functions of Port B” on page 73.

2.2.5 Port C (PC7:PC0)

Port C is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port C output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port C pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port C pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

Port C also serves the functions of special features of the ATmega169P as listed on ”Alternate

Functions of Port C” on page 76.

2.2.6 Port D (PD7:PD0)

Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port D output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port D pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port D pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

Port D also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega169P as listed on

”Alternate Functions of Port D” on page 78.

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2.2.7 Port E (PE7:PE0)

Port E is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port E output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port E pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port E pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

Port E also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega169P as listed on

”Alternate Functions of Port E” on page 80.

2.2.8 Port F (PF7:PF0)

Port F serves as the analog inputs to the A/D Converter.

Port F also serves as an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port, if the A/D Converter is not used. Port pins can provide internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port F output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port F pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port F pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running. If the JTAG interface is enabled, the pull-up resistors on pins PF7(TDI), PF5(TMS), and PF4(TCK) will be activated even if a reset occurs.

Port F also serves the functions of the JTAG interface, see ”Alternate Functions of Port F” on

page 82

2.2.9 Port G (PG5:PG0)

Port G is a 6-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port G output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port G pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port G pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

Port G also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega169P as listed on

page 84.

2.2.10 RESET

Reset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not running. The minimum pulse length is given in Table 9-1 on page

46. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate a reset.

2.2.11 XTAL1

Input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.

2.2.12 XTAL2

Output from the inverting Oscillator amplifier.

2.2.13 AVCC

AVCC is the supply voltage pin for Port F and the A/D Converter. It should be externally connected to V

, even if the ADC is not used. If the ADC is used, it should be connected to V

through a low-pass filter.

ATmega169P

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2.2.14 AREF

2.2.15 LCDCAP

3. Resources

ATmega169P

This is the analog reference pin for the A/D Converter.

An external capacitor (typical > 470 nF) must be connected to the LCDCAP pin as shown in Fig-

ure 22-2 on page 234. This capacitor acts as a reservoir for LCD power (V

capacitance reduces ripple on V

A comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheets are available for download on http://www.atmel.com/avr.

but increases the time until V

LCD

reaches its target value.

LCD

). A large

LCD

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