Atmel AT89LP2052, AT89LP4052 Datasheet

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Features

• Compatible with MCS

• 20 MIPS Throughput at 20 MHz Clock Frequency and 2.4V, 85°C Operating Conditions

• Single Clock Cycle per Byte Fetch

• 2/4K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory

– Serial Interface for Program Downloading – 32-byte Fast Page Programming Mode – 32-byte User Signature Array

• 2.4V to 5.5V V

• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 20 MHz

• 2-level Program Memory Lock

• 256 x 8 Internal RAM

• Hardware Multiplier

• 15 Programmable I/O Lines

• Configurable I/O with Quasi-bidirectional, Input, Push-pull Output, and

Open-drain Modes

• Enhanced UART with Automatic Address Recognition and Framing Error Detection

• Enhanced SPI with Double-buffered Send/Receive

• Programmable Watchdog Timer with Software Reset

• 4-level Interrupt Priority

• Analog Comparator with Selectable Interrupt and Debouncing

• Two 16-bit Enhanced Timer/Counters with 8-bit PWM

• Brown-out Detector and Power-off Flag

• Internal Power-on Reset

• Low Power Idle and Power-down Modes

• Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode

51 Products

Operating Range

8-bit Microcontroller with 2/4-Kbyte Flash

AT89LP2052 AT89LP4052

1. Description

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 2/4K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set. The AT89LP2052/LP4052 is built around an enhanced CPU core that can fetch a single byte from memory every clock cycle. In the classic 8051 architecture, each fetch required 6 clock cycles, forcing instructions to execute in 12, 24 or 48 clock cycles. In the AT89LP2052/LP4052 CPU, instructions need only 1 to 4 clock cycles providing 6 to 12 times more throughput than the standard 8051. Seventy percent of instructions need only as many clock cycles as they have bytes to execute, and most of the remaining instructions require only one additional clock. The enhanced CPU core is capable of 20 MIPS throughput whereas the classic 8051 CPU can deliver only 4 MIPS at the same current consumption. Conversely, at the same throughput as the classic 8051, the new CPU core runs at a much lower speed and thereby greatly reduces power consumption.

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The two timer/counters in the AT89LP2052/LP4052 are enhanced with two new modes. Mode 0 can be configured as a variable 9- to 16-bit timer/counter and Mode 1 can be configured as a 16-bit auto-reload timer/counter. In addition both timer/counters may be configured as 8-bit Pulse Width Modulators with 8-bit prescalers.

The I/O ports of the AT89LP2052/LP4052 can be independently configured in one of four operating modes. In quasi-bidirectional mode, the ports operate as in the classic 8051. In input mode, the ports are tri-stated. Push-pull output mode provides full CMOS drivers and open-drain mode provides just a pull-down.

2. Pin Configuration

2.1 20-lead PDIP/SOIC/TSSOP

(VPP) RST

(RXD) P3.0

(TXD) P3.1

XTAL2

XTAL1 (INT0) P3.2 (INT1) P3.3

(T0) P3.4 (T1) P3.5

GND

1 2

4 5 6 7

9 10

VCC

P1.7 (SCK)

P1.6 (MISO)

P1.5 (MOSI)

P1.4 (SS)

P1.3

P1.2

P1.1 (AIN1)

P1.0 (AIN0)

P3.7 (SYSCLK)

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

3. Pin Description

Pin Symbol Type Description

1RST

2P3.0

3P3.1

4XTAL2OXTAL2: Output from inverting oscillator amplifier.

5XTAL1 IXTAL1: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and internal clock generation circuits.

I/OIP3.0: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 0.

I/OOP3.1: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 1.

RST: External Active-High Reset input.

VPP: Parallel Programming Voltage. Raise to 12V to enable programming.

RXD: Serial Port Receiver input.

TXD: Serial Port Transmitter output.

6P3.2

7P3.3

8P3.4

9P3.5

10 GND I Ground

11 P3.7

12 P1.0

13 P1.1

14 P1.2 I/O P1.2: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 2.

15 P1.3 I/O P1.3: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 3

16 P1.4

17 P1.5

18 P1.6

I/OIP3.2: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 2.

INT0: External Interrupt 0 input.

I/OIP3.3: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 3.

INT1: External Interrupt 1input.

I/O I/O

I/OOP3.7: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 7.

I/OIP1.0: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 0.

I/OIP1.1: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 1.

I/OIP1.4: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 4.

I/O I/O

P3.4: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 4. T0: Timer 0 Counter input or PWM output

P3.5: User-configurable I/O Port 3 bit 5. T1: Timer 1 Counter input or PWM output

SYSCLK: System Clock Output when System Clock Fuse is enabled.

AIN0: Analog Comparator Positive input.

AIN1: Analog Comparator Negative input.

: SPI slave select.

P1.5: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 5. MOSI: SPI master-out/slave-in. When configured as master, this pin is an output. When configured as

slave, this pin is an input.

P1.6: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 6. MISO: SPI master-in/slave-out. When configured as master, this pin is an input. When configured

as slave, this pin is an output.

19 P1.7

20 VCC I Supply Voltage

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I/O I/O

P1.7: User-configurable I/O Port 1 bit 7. SCK: SPI Clock. When configured as master, this pin is an output. When configured as slave, this pin is

an input.

4. Block Diagram

Single Cycle

8051 CPU

2/4-Kbyte

Flash

256-Byte

RAM

Por t 3

Configurable I/O

Por t 1

Configurable I/O

UART

SPI

Timer 0

Timer 1

Analog

Comparator

Watchdog

Timer

Configurable

Oscillator

CPU Clock

Crystal or

Resonator

5. Memory Organization

5.1 Program Memory

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 uses a Harvard Architecture with separate address spaces for program and data memory. The program memory has a regular linear address space with support for up to 64K bytes of directly addressable application code. The data memory has 256 bytes of internal RAM which is divided into regions that may be accessed by different instruction classes. The AT89LP2052/LP4052 does not support external RAM.

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 contains 2/4K bytes of on-chip In-System Programmable Flash memory for program storage. The Flash memory has an endurance of at least 10,000 write/erase cycles. Section 23. “Programming the Flash Memory” on page 57 contains a detailed description on Flash Programming in ISP or Parallel Programming mode. The reset and interrupt vectors are located within the first 59 bytes of program memory (see Section 14. “Interrupts” on page

16). Constant tables can be allocated within the entire 2/4-Kbyte program memory address

space for access by the MOVC instruction.

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5.2 Data Memory

Program Memory

AT89LP2052

0000

07FF

0000

0FFF

Program Memory

AT89LP4052

FFH

Upper

128

80H

7FH

Lower

128

Accessible

By Indirect

Addressing

Only

FFH

80H

Special

Function Registers

Ports Status and Control Bits

Registers Stack Pointer Accumulator (Etc.)

Timers

Accessible

By Direct and

Indirect

Addressing

Accessible

By Direct

Addressing

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Figure 5-1. Program Memory Map

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 contains 256 bytes of general SRAM data memory plus 128 bytes of I/O memory. The lower 128 bytes of data memory may be accessed through both direct and indirect addressing. The upper 128 bytes of data memory and the 128 bytes of I/O memory share the same address space (see Figure 5-2). The upper 128 bytes of data memory may only be accessed using indirect addressing. The I/O memory can only be accessed through direct addressing and contains the Special Function Registers (SFRs). The lowest 32 bytes of data memory are grouped into 4 banks of 8 registers each. The RS0 and RS1 bits (PSW.3 and PSW.4) select which register bank is in use. Instructions using register addressing will only access the currently specified bank. The AT89LP2052/LP4052 does not support external data memory.

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Figure 5-2. Data Memory Map

6. Special Function Registers

A map of the on-chip memory area called the Special Function Register (SFR) space is shown in

Table 6-1.

Note that not all of the addresses are occupied, and unoccupied addresses may not be implemented on the chip. Read accesses to these addresses will in general return random data, and write accesses will have an indeterminate effect. User software should not write to these unlisted locations, since they may be used in future products to invoke new features.

Table 6-1. AT89LP2052/LP4052 SFR Map and Reset Values

0F8H 0FFH

0F0H B*

0000 0000

0E8H 0EFH

0E0H ACC*

0000 0000

0D8H 0DFH

0D0H PSW*

0000 0000

0C8H 0CFH

0C0H P1M0

1111 1111

0B8H IP*

x0x0 0000

0B0H P3*

1111 1111

0A8H IE*

00x0 0000

0A0H WDTRST

SADEN

0000 0000

SADDR

0000 0000

SPSR

000x xx00

P1M1

0000 0000

SPCR

0000 0000

P3M0

1111 1111

(write-only)

P3M1

0000 0000

IPH

x0x0 0000

WDTCON

0000 x000

0F7H

0E7H

0D7H

0C7H

0BFH

0B7H

0AFH

0A7H

98H SCON*

0000 0000

90H P1*

1111 1111

88H TCON*

0000 0000

80H SP

Note: *These SFRs are bit-addressable.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

SBUF

xxxx xxxx

TCONB

0010 0100

TMOD

0000 0000

0000 0111

0000 0000

RL0

TL0

DPL

RL1

0000 0000

TL1

0000 0000

DPH

0000 0000

RH0

0000 0000

TH0

0000 0000

RH1

0000 0000

TH1

0000 0000

SPDR

xxxx xxxx

ACSR

xx00 0000

PCON

000x 0000

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9FH

97H

8FH

87H

7. Comparison to Standard 8051

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 is part of a family of devices with enhanced features that are fully binary compatible with the MCS-51 instruction set. In addition, most SFR addresses, bit assignments, and pin alternate functions are identical to Atmel's existing standard 8051 products. However, due to the high performance nature of the device, some system behaviors are different from those of Atmel's standard 8051 products such as AT89S52 or AT89S2051. The differences from the standard 8051 are outlined in the following paragraphs.

7.1 System Clock

The CPU clock frequency equals the external XTAL1 frequency. The oscillator is no longer divided by 2 to provide the internal clock, and x2 mode is not supported.

7.2 Instruction Execution with Single-cycle Fetch

The CPU fetches one code byte from memory every clock cycle instead of every six clock cycles. This greatly increases the throughput of the CPU. As a consequence, the CPU no longer executes instructions in 12 to 48 clock cycles. Each instruction executes in only 1 to 4 clock cycles. See Section 22. “Instruction Set Summary” on page 52 for more details.

7.3 Interrupt Handling

The interrupt controller polls the interrupt flags during the last clock cycle of any instruction. In order for an interrupt to be serviced at the end of an instruction, its flag needs to have been latched as active during the next to last clock cycle of the instruction, or in the last clock cycle of the previous instruction if the current instruction executes in only a single clock cycle.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

7.4 Timer/Counters

The Timer/Counters increment at a rate of once per clock cycle. This compares to once every 12 clocks in the standard 8051.

7.5 Serial Port

The baud rate of the UART in Mode 0 is 1/2 the clock frequency, compared to 1/12 the clock frequency in the standard 8051. In should also be noted that when using Timer 1 to generate the baud rate in Mode 1 or Mode 3, the timer counts at the clock frequency and not at 1/12 the clock frequency. To maintain the same baud rate in the AT89LP2052/LP4052 while running at the same frequency as a standard 8051, the time-out period must be 12 times longer. Mode 1 of Timer 1 supports 16-bit auto-reload to facilitate longer time-out periods for generating low baud rates.

7.6 Watchdog Timer

The Watchdog Timer in AT89LP2052/LP4052 counts at a rate of once per clock cycle. This compares to once every 12 clocks in the standard 8051.

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7.7 I/O Ports

System Clock

Instruction

(n+1)

Instruction

Fetch Execute

Fetch

n+1

n+2

(n+2)th Instruction

The I/O ports of the AT89LP2052/LP4052 may be configured in four different modes. On the AT89LP2052/LP4052, all the I/O ports revert to input-only (tri-stated) mode at power-up or reset. In the standard 8051, all ports are weakly pulled high during power-up or reset. To enable 8051like ports, the ports must be put into quasi-bidirectional mode by clearing the P1M0 and P3M0 SFRs.

7.8 Reset

The RST pin in the AT89LP2052/LP4052 has different pulse width requirements than the standard 8051. The RST pin is sampled every clock cycle and must be held high for a minimum of two clock cycles, instead of 24 clock cycles, to be recognized as a valid reset pulse

8. Enhanced CPU

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 uses an enhanced 8051 CPU that runs at 6 to 12 times the speed of standard 8051 devices (or 3 to 6 times the speed of X2-mode 8051 devices). The increase in performance is due to two factors. First, the CPU fetches one instruction byte from the code memory every clock cycle. Second, the CPU uses a simple two-stage pipeline to fetch and execute instructions in parallel. This basic pipelining concept allows the CPU to obtain up to 1 MIPS per MHz. A simple example is shown in Figure 8-1.

The MCS-51 instruction set allows for instructions of variable length from 1 to 3 bytes. In a single-clock-per-byte-fetch system this means each instruction takes at least as many clocks as it has bytes to execute. A majority of the instructions in the AT89LP2052/LP4052 follow this rule: the instruction execution time in clock cycles equals the number of bytes per instruction with a few exceptions. Branches and Calls require an additional cycle to compute the target address and some other complex instructions require multiple cycles. See Section 22. “Instruction Set

Summary” on page 52 for more detailed information on individual instructions. Figures 8-2 and 8-3 show examples of one- and two-byte instructions.

Figure 8-1. Parallel Instruction Fetches and Executions

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

System Clock

Total Execution Time

ALU Operation Execute

Result Write Back

Fetch Next Instruction

System Clock

Total Execution Time

Fetch Immediate Operand

ALU Operation Execute

Result Write Back

Fetch Next Instruction

Figure 8-2. Single-cycle ALU Operation (Example: INC R0)

Figure 8-3. Two-Cycle ALU Operation (Example: ADD A,

#data)

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9. Restrictions on Certain Instructions

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 is an economical and cost-effective member of Atmel's growing family of microcontrollers. It contains 2/4K bytes of Flash program memory. It is fully compatible with the MCS-51 architecture, and can be programmed using the MCS-51 instruction set. However, there are a few considerations one must keep in mind when utilizing certain instructions to program this device. All the instructions related to jumping or branching should be restricted such that the destination address falls within the physical program memory space of the device, which is 2K bytes for the AT89LP2052 and 4K bytes for the AT89LP4052. This should be the responsibility of the software programmer. For example, LJMP 7E0H would be a valid instruction for the AT89LP2052 (with 2K bytes of memory), whereas LJMP 900H would not.

9.1 Branching Instructions

The LCALL, LJMP, ACALL, AJMP, SJMP, and JMP @A+DPTR unconditional branching instructions will execute correctly as long as the programmer keeps in mind that the destination branching address must fall within the physical boundaries of the program memory size (locations 000H to 7FFH for the AT89LP2052, 000H to FFFH for the AT89LP4052). Violating the physical space limits may cause unknown program behavior. With the CJNE [...], DJNZ [...], JB, JNB, JC, JNC, JBC, JZ, and JNZ conditional branching instructions, the same previous rule applies. Again, violating the memory boundaries may cause erratic execution. For applications involving interrupts, the normal interrupt service routine address locations of the 8051 family architecture have been preserved.

9.2 MOVX-related Instructions, Data Memory

External DATA memory access is not supported in this device, nor is external PROGRAM memory execution. Therefore, no MOVX [...] instructions should be included in the program. A typical 8051 assembler will still assemble instructions, even if they are written in violation of the restrictions mentioned above. It is the responsibility of the user to know the physical features and limitations of the device being used and to adjust the instructions used accordingly.

10. System Clock

The system clock is generated directly from one of two selectable clock sources. The two sources are the on-chip crystal oscillator and external clock source. No internal clock division is used to generate the CPU clock from the system clock.

10.1 Crystal Oscillator

When enabled, the internal inverting oscillator amplifier is connected between XTAL1 and XTAL2 for connection to an external quartz crystal or ceramic resonator. When using the crystal oscillator, XTAL2 should not be used to drive a board-level clock.

10.2 External Clock Source

The external clock option is selected by setting the Oscillator Bypass fuse. This disables the amplifier and allows XTAL1 to be driven directly by the clock source. XTAL2 may be left unconnected.

10.3 System Clock Out

When the System Clock Out fuse is enabled, P3.7 will output the system clock with no division using the push-pull output mode. During Power-down the system clock will output as “1”.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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11. Oscillator Characteristics

~10 pF

(A) Low Frequency (B) High Frequency

Quartz Crystal Clock Input

04812162024

Frequency (MHz)

XTAL1 Ampli tute (V)

C1=C2=0pF

C1=C2=5pF

C1=C2=10pF

XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier that can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 11-1. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. For frequencies above 16MHz it is recommended that C1 be replaced with R1 for improved startup performance. Note that the internal structure of the devices adds about 10 pF of capacitance to both XTAL1 and XTAL2. The total capacitance on XTAL1 or XTAL2, including the external load capacitor (C1/C2) plus internal device load, board trace and crystal loadings, should not exceed 20 pF. Figure 11-2, 11-3, 11-4 and 11-5 illustrate the relationship between clock loading and the respective resulting clock amplitudes.

Figure 11-1. Oscillator Connections

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Note: C1, C2 = 0–10 pF for Crystals

= 0–10 pF for Ceramic Resonators

R1 = 4–5 MΩ

Figure 11-2. Quartz Crystal Clock Source (A)

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Figure 11-3. Quartz Crystal Clock Source (B)

Quartz Crystal Clock Input

04812162024

Frequency (MHz)

XTAL1 Ampli tude (V)

C2= 0pF

C2= 5pF

C2= 10p F

R1= 4 MΩ

Ceramic Resonator Clock Input

04812162024

Frequency (MHz)

XTAL1 Ampli tude (V)

C1=C2=0pF

C1=C2=5pF

C1=C2=10pF

Figure 11-4. Ceramic Resonator Clock Source (A)

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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Figure 11-5. Ceramic Resonator Clock Source (B)

Ceramic Resonator Clock Input

04812162024

Frequency (MHz)

XTAL1 Ampli tude (V)

C2= 0pF

C2= 5pF

C2= 10p F

R1= 4 MΩ

AT89LP2052/LP4052

To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven, as shown in Figure 11-6.

Figure 11-6. External Clock Drive Configuration

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12. Reset

During reset, all I/O Registers are set to their initial values, the port pins are tri-stated, and the program starts execution from the Reset Vector, 0000H. The AT89LP2052/LP4052 has four sources of reset: power-on reset, brown-out reset, external reset, and watchdog reset.

12.1 Power-on Reset

A Power-on Reset (POR) is generated by an on-chip detection circuit. The detection level is nominally 1.4V. The POR is activated whenever V cuit can be used to trigger the start-up reset or to detect a supply voltage failure in devices without a brown-out detector. The POR circuit ensures that the device is reset from power-on. When V how long the device is kept in POR after V any delay, when V will set the POF flag in PCON.

12.2 Brown-out Reset

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 has an on-chip Brown-out Detection (BOD) circuit for monitoring the V nominally 2.2V. The purpose of the BOD is to ensure that if V speed, the system will gracefully enter reset without the possibility of errors induced by incorrect execution. When V diately activated. When V MCU after the time-out period has expired.

is below the detection level. The POR cir-

reaches the Power-on Reset threshold voltage, the POR delay counter determines

rise. The POR signal is activated again, without

falls below the POR threshold level. A Power-on Reset (i.e. a cold reset)

level during operation by comparing it to a fixed trigger level. The trigger level for the BOD is

fails or dips while executing at

decreases to a value below the trigger level, the Brown-out Reset is imme-

increases above the trigger level, the BOD delay counter starts the

12.3 External Reset

The RST pin functions as an active-high reset input. The pin must be held high for at least two clock cycles to trigger the internal reset. RST also serves as the In-System Programming (ISP) enable. ISP is enabled when the external reset pin is held high and the ISP Enable fuse is enabled.

12.4 Watchdog Reset

When the Watchdog times out, it will generate an internal reset pulse lasting 16 clock cycles. Watchdog reset will also set the WDTOVF flag in WDTCON. To prevent a Watchdog reset, the watchdog reset sequence 1EH/E1H must be written to WDTRST before the Watchdog times out. A Watchdog reset will occur only if the Watchdog has been enabled. The Watchdog is disabled by default after any reset and must always be re-enabled if needed.

13. Power Saving Modes

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 supports two different power-reducing modes: Idle and Power-down. These modes are accessed through the PCON register.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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13.1 Idle Mode

Setting the IDL bit in PCON enters Idle mode. Idle mode halts the internal CPU clock. The CPU state is preserved in its entirety, including the RAM, stack pointer, program counter, program status word, and accumulator. The Port pins hold the logic states they had at the time that Idle was activated. Idle mode leaves the peripherals running in order to allow them to wake up the CPU when an interrupt is generated. The Timer, UART and SPI blocks continue to function during Idle. The comparator and watchdog may be selectively enabled or disabled during Idle. Any enabled interrupt source or reset may terminate Idle mode. When exiting Idle mode with an interrupt, the interrupt will immediately be serviced, and following RETI the next instruction to be executed will be the one following the instruction that put the device into Idle.

13.2 Power-down Mode

Setting the Power-down (PD) bit in PCON enters Power-down mode. Power-down mode stops the oscillator and powers down the Flash memory in order to minimize power consumption. Only the power-on circuitry will continue to draw power during Power-down. During Power-down, the power supply voltage may be reduced to the RAM keep-alive voltage. The RAM contents will be retained, but the SFR contents are not guaranteed once V may be exited by external reset, power-on reset, or certain interrupts.

The user should not attempt to enter (or re-enter) the power-down mode for a minimum of 4 µs until after one of the following conditions has occurred: Start of code execution (after any type of reset), or Exit from power-down mode.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

has been reduced. Power-down

13.2.1 Interrupt Recovery from Power-down

Two external interrupts may be configured to terminate Power-down mode. Pins P3.2 and P3.3 may be used to exit Power-down through external interrupts INT0 external interrupts INT0 tive operation. If configured as inputs, INT0 down even if interrupt recovery is not used.

When terminating Power-down by an interrupt, two different wake-up modes are available. When PWDEX in PCON is zero, the wake-up period is internally timed. At the falling edge on the interrupt pin, Power-down is exited, the oscillator is restarted, and an internal timer begins counting. The internal clock will not be allowed to propagate to the CPU until after the timer has counted for nominally 2 ms. After the time-out period the interrupt service routine will begin. The interrupt pin may be held low until the device has timed out and begun executing, or it may return high before the end of the time-out period. If the pin remains low, the service routine should disable the interrupt before returning to avoid re-triggering the interrupt.

When PWDEX = “1”, the wake-up period is controlled externally by the interrupt. Again, at the falling edge on the interrupt pin, Power-down is exited and the oscillator is restarted. However, the internal clock will not propagate until the rising edge of the interrupt pin. The interrupt should be held low long enough for the selected clock source to stabilize.

13.2.2 Reset Exit from Power-down

The wake-up from Power-down through an external reset is similar to the interrupt with PWDEX = “0”. At the rising edge of RST, Power-down is exited, the oscillator is restarted, and an internal timer begins counting. The internal clock will not be allowed to propagate to the CPU until after the timer has counted for nominally 2 ms. The RST pin must be held high for longer than the time-out period to ensure that the device is reset properly. The device will begin executing once RST is brought back low.

and INT1. To wake up by

or INT1, that interrupt must be enabled and configured for level-sensi-

and INT1 should not be left floating during Power-

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Table 13-1.

PCON = 87H Reset Value = 000X 0000B

Not Bit Addressable

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

SMOD1 Double Baud Rate bit. Doubles the baud rate of the UART in Modes 1, 2, or 3.

SMOD0 Frame Error Select. When SMOD0 = 1, SCON.7 is SM0. When SMOD0 = 1, SCON.7 is FE. Note that FE will be set after

PWDEX Power-down Exit Mode. When PWDEX = 1, wake up from Power-down is externally controlled. When PWDEX = 0, wake

POF Power Off Flag. POF is set to “1” during power up (i.e. cold reset). It can be set or reset under software control and is not

GF1, GF0 General-purpose Flags

PD Power-down bit. Setting this bit activates power-down operation.

IDL Idle Mode bit. Setting this bit activates Idle mode operation

PCON – Power Control Register

SMOD1 SMOD0 PWDEX POF GF1 GF0 PD IDL

a frame error regardless of the state of SMOD0.

up from Power-down is internally timed.

affected by RST or BOD (i.e. warm resets).

14. Interrupts

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 provides 6 interrupt sources: two external interrupts, two timer interrupts, a serial port interrupt, and an analog comparator interrupt. These interrupts and the system reset each have a separate program vector at the start of the program memory space. Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in the interrupt enable register IE. The IE register also contains a global disable bit, EA, which disables all interrupts.

Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of four priority levels by setting or clearing bits in the interrupt priority registers IP and IPH. An interrupt service routine in progress can be interrupted by a higher priority interrupt, but not by another interrupt of the same or lower priority. The highest priority interrupt cannot be interrupted by any other interrupt source. If two requests of different priority levels are pending at the end of an instruction, the request of higher priority level is serviced. If requests of the same priority level are pending at the end of an instruction, an internal polling sequence determines which request is serviced. The polling sequence is based on the vector address; an interrupt with a lower vector address has higher priority than an interrupt with a higher vector address. Note that the polling sequence is only used to resolve pending requests of the same priority level.

The External Interrupts INT0 depending on bits IT0 and IT1 in Register TCON. The flags that actually generate these interrupts are the IE0 and IE1 bits in TCON. When the service routine is vectored to, hardware clears the flag that generated an external interrupt only if the interrupt was edge-activated. If the interrupt was level activated, then the external requesting source (rather than the on-chip hardware) controls the request flag.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

and INT1 can each be either level-activated or edge-activated,

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

The Timer 0 and Timer 1 Interrupts are generated by TF0 and TF1, which are set by a rollover in their respective Timer/Counter registers (except for Timer 0 in Mode 3). When a timer interrupt is generated, the on-chip hardware clears the flag that generated it when the service routine is vectored to.

The Serial Port Interrupt is generated by the logic OR of RI and TI in SCON plus SPIF in SPSR. None of these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. In fact, the service routine normally must determine whether RI, TI, or SPIF generated the interrupt, and the bit must be cleared by software.

The CF bit in ACSR generates the Comparator Interrupt. The flag is not cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to and must be cleared by software.

Most of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, with the same result as though they had been set or cleared by hardware. That is, interrupts can be generated and pending interrupts can be canceled in software. The exception is the SPI interrupt flag SPIF. This flag is only set by hardware and may only be cleared by software.

Table 14-1. Interrupt Vector Addresses

Interrupt Source Vector Address

System Reset RST or POR or BOD 0000H

External Interrupt 0 IE0 0003H

Timer 0 Overflow TF0 000BH

External Interrupt 1 IE1 0013H

Timer 1 Overflow TF1 001BH

Serial Port RI or TI or SPIF 0023H

Reserved – 002BH

Analog Comparator CF 0033H

14.1 Interrupt Response Time

The interrupt flags may be set by their hardware in any clock cycle. The interrupt controller polls the flags in the last clock cycle of the instruction in progress. If one of the flags was set in the preceding cycle, the polling cycle will find it and the interrupt system will generate an LCALL to the appropriate service routine as the next instruction, provided that the interrupt is not blocked by any of the following conditions: an interrupt of equal or higher priority level is already in progress; the instruction in progress is RETI or any write to the IE, IP, or IPH registers. Either of these conditions will block the generation of the LCALL to the interrupt service routine. The second condition ensures that if the instruction in progress is RETI or any access to IE, IP or IPH, then at least one more instruction will be executed before any interrupt is vectored to. The polling cycle is repeated at the last cycle of each instruction, and the values polled are the values that were present at the previous clock cycle. If an active interrupt flag is not being serviced because of one of the above conditions and is no longer active when the blocking condition is removed, the denied interrupt will not be serviced. In other words, the fact that the interrupt flag was once active but not serviced is not remembered. Every polling cycle is new.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

If a request is active and conditions are met for it to be acknowledged, a hardware subroutine

Clock Cycles

INT0

IE0

Instruction LCALL 1st ISR Instr.Cur. Instr.

Ack.

Clock Cycles

INT0

IE0

113

Instruction RETI 4 Cyc. Instr. LCALL 1st ISR In

Ack.

call to the requested service routine will be the next instruction executed. The call itself takes four cycles. Thus, a minimum of five complete clock cycles elapsed between activation of an interrupt request and the beginning of execution of the first instruction of the service routine. A longer response time results if the request is blocked by one of the previously listed conditions. If an interrupt of equal or higher priority level is already in progress, the additional wait time depends on the nature of the other interrupt's service routine. If the instruction in progress is not in its final clock cycle, the additional wait time cannot be more than 3 cycles, since the longest are only 4 cycles long. If the instruction in progress is RETI or an access to IE or IP, the additional wait time cannot be more than 7 cycles (a maximum of three more cycles to complete the instruction in progress, plus a maximum of 4 cycles to complete the next instruction). Thus, in a single-interrupt system, the response time is always more than 5 clock cycles and less than 13 clock cycles. See Figures 14-1 and 14-2.

Figure 14-1. Minimum Interrupt Response Time

Figure 14-2. Maximum Interrupt Response Time

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 14-2. IE – Interrupt Enable Register

IE = A8H Reset Value = 00X0 0000B

Bit Addressable

EA EC – ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

EA Global enable/disable. All interrupts are disabled when EA = 0. When EA = 1, each interrupt source is enabled/disabled

by setting /clearing its own enable bit.

EC Comparator Interrupt Enable

ES Serial Port Interrupt Enable

ET1 Timer 1 Interrupt Enable

EX1 External Interrupt 1 Enable

ET0 Timer 0 Interrupt Enable

EX0 External Interrupt 0 Enable

Table 14-3. IP – Interrupt Priority Register

IP = B8H Reset Value = X0X0 0000B

Bit Addressable

– PC – PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

PC Comparator Interrupt Priority Low

PS Serial Port Interrupt Priority Low

PT1 Timer 1 Interrupt Priority Low

PX1 External Interrupt 1 Priority Low

PT0 Timer 0 Interrupt Priority Low

PX0 External Interrupt 0 Priority Low

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Table 14-4.

IPH = B7H Reset Value = X0X0 0000B

Not Bit Addressable

IPH – Interrupt Priority High Register

– PCH – PSH PT1H PX1H PT0H PX0H

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

PCH Comparator Interrupt Priority High

PSH Serial Port Interrupt Priority High

PT1H Timer 1 Interrupt Priority High

PX1H External Interrupt 1 Priority High

PT0H Timer 0 Interrupt Priority High

PX0H External Interrupt 0 Priority High

15. I/O Ports

All 15 port pins on the AT89LP2052/LP4052 may be configured to one of four modes: quasi-bidirectional (standard 8051 port outputs), push-pull output, open-drain output, or input-only. Port modes may be assigned in software on a pin-by-pin basis as shown in Table 15-1. All port pins default to input-only mode after reset. Each port pin also has a Schmitt-triggered input for improved input noise rejection. During Power-down all the Schmitt-triggered inputs are disabled with the exception of P3.2 and P3.3, which may be used to wake-up the device. Therefore P3.2 and P3.3 should not be left floating during Power-down.

Table 15-1. Configuration Modes for Port x, Bit y

PxM0.y PxM1.y Port Mode

0 0 Quasi-bidirectional

0 1 Push-pull Output

1 0 Input Only (High Impedance)

1 1 Open-Drain Output

15.1 Quasi-bidirectional Output

Port pins in quasi-bidirectional output mode function similar to standard 8051 port pins. A Quasibidirectional port can be used both as an input and output without the need to reconfigure the port. This is possible because when the port outputs a logic high, it is weakly driven, allowing an external device to pull the pin low. When the pin is driven low, it is driven strongly and able to sink a large current. There are three pull-up transistors in the quasi-bidirectional output that serve different purposes.

One of these pull-ups, called the “very weak” pull-up, is turned on whenever the port register for the pin contains a logic “1”. This very weak pull-up sources a very small current that will pull the pin high if it is left floating.

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

Por t

Input Data

PWD

Por t

Input Data

A second pull-up, called the “weak” pull-up, is turned on when the port register for the pin contains a logic “1” and the pin itself is also at a logic “1” level. This pull-up provides the primary source current for a quasi-bidirectional pin that is outputting a 1. If this pin is pulled low by an external device, this weak pull-up turns off, and only the very weak pull-up remains on. In order to pull the pin low under these conditions, the external device has to sink enough current to overpower the weak pull-up and pull the port pin below its input threshold voltage.

The third pull-up is referred to as the “strong” pull-up. This pull-up is used to speed up low-tohigh transitions on a quasi-bidirectional port pin when the port register changes from a logic “0” to a logic “1”. When this occurs, the strong pull-up turns on for one CPU clock, quickly pulling the port pin high.

When in quasi-bidirectional mode the port pin will always output a “0” when corresponding bit in the port register is also “0”. When the port register is “1” the pin may be used either as an input or an output of “1”. The quasi-bidirectional port configuration is shown in Figure 15-1. The input circuitry of P3.2 and P3.3 is not disabled during Power-down (see Figure 15-3).

Figure 15-1. Quasi-bidirectional Output

15.2 Input-only Mode

The input port configuration is shown in Figure 15-2. It is a Schmitt-triggered input for improved input noise rejection.

Figure 15-2. Input Only

From Port Register

1 Clock Delay

(D Flip-Flop)

Input Data

PWD

Strong

Ver y

Weak

Por t

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 15-3. Input Only for P3.2 and P3.3

15.3 Open-drain Output

The open-drain output configuration turns off all pull-ups and only drives the pull-down transistor of the port pin when the port register contains a logic “0”. To be used as a logic output, a port configured in this manner must have an external pull-up, typically a resistor tied to V down for this mode is the same as for the quasi-bidirectional mode. The open-drain port configuration is shown in Figure 15-4. The input circuitry of P3.2 and P3.3 is not disabled during Powerdown (see Figure 15-3).

Figure 15-4. Open-Drain Output

15.4 Push-pull Output

The push-pull output configuration has the same pull-down structure as both the open-drain and the quasi-bidirectional output modes, but provides a continuous strong pull-up when the port register contains a logic “1”. The push-pull mode may be used when more source current is needed from a port output. The push-pull port configuration is shown in Figure 15-5. The input circuitry of P3.2 and P3.3 is not disabled during Power-down (see Figure 15-3).

From Port Register

Input

Data

PWD

Por t

. The pull-

Figure 15-5. Push-pull Output

15.5 Port 1 Analog Functions

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 incorporates an analog comparator. In order to give the best analog performance and minimize power consumption, pins that are being used for analog functions must have both the digital outputs and digital inputs disabled. Digital outputs are disabled by putting the port pins into the input-only mode as described in Section 15. “I/O Ports” on page 20.

Digital inputs on P1.0 and P1.1 are disabled whenever the Analog Comparator is enabled by setting the CEN bit in ACSR. CEN forces the PWD the Schmitt trigger circuitry.

From Port Register

Por t

Input

Data

PWD

input on P1.0 and P1.1 low, thereby disabling

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15.6 Port Read-Modify-Write

A read from a port will read either the state of the pins or the state of the port register depending on which instruction is used. Simple read instructions will always access the port pins directly. Read-modify-write instructions, which read a value, possibly modify it, and then write it back, will always access the port register. This includes bit write instructions such as CLR or SETB as they actually read the entire port, modify a single bit, then write the data back to the entire port. See

Table 15-2 for a complete list of Read-Modify-Write instruction which may access the ports.

Table 15-2. Port Read-Modify-Write Instructions

Mnemonic Instruction Example

ANL Logical AND ANL P1, A

ORL Logical OR ORL P1, A

XRL Logical EX-OR XRL P1, A

JBC Jump if bit set and clear bit JBC P3.0, LABEL

CPL Complement bit CPL P3.1

INC Increment INC P1

AT89LP2052/LP4052

DEC Decrement DEC P3

DJNZ Decrement and jump if not zero DJNZ P3, LABEL

MOV PX.Y, C Move carry to bit Y of Port X MOV P1.0, C

CLR PX.Y Clear bit Y of Port X CLR P1.1

SETB PX.Y Set bit Y of Port X SETB P3.2

15.7 Port Alternate Functions

Most general-purpose digital I/O pins of the AT89LP2052/LP4052 share functionality with the various I/Os needed for the peripheral units. Table 15-4 lists the alternate functions of the port pins. Alternate functions are connected to the pins in a logic AND fashion. In order to enable the alternate function on a port pin, that pin must have a “1” in its corresponding port register bit, otherwise, the input/output will always be “0”. Furthermore, each pin must be configured for the correct input/output mode as required by its peripheral before it may be used as such.

Table 15-3 shows how to configure a generic pin for use with an alternate function.

Table 15-3. Alternate Function Configurations for Pin y of Port x

PxM0.y PxM1.y Px.y I/O Mode

0 0 1 Bidirectional (internal pull-up)

011Output

1 0 X Input

1 1 1 Bidirectional (external pull-up)

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Table 15-4. Port Pin Alternate Functions

Port

P1.0 P1M0.0 P1M1.0 AIN0 Input-only

P1.1 P1M0.1 P1M1.1 AIN1 Input-only

P1.4 P1M0.4 P1M1.4 SS

P1.5 P1M0.5 P1M1.5 MOSI

P1.6 P1M0.6 P1M1.6 MISO

P1.7 P1M0.7 P1M1.7 SCK

P3.0 P3M0.0 P3M1.0 RXD

P3.1 P3M0.1 P3M1.1 TXD

P3.2 P3M0.2 P3M1.2 INT0

P3.3 P3M0.3 P3M1.3 INT1

P3.4 P3M0.4 P3M1.4 T0

P3.5 P3M0.5 P3M1.5 T1

P3.6 Not configurable CMPOUT Pin is tied to comparator output

16. Enhanced Timer/Counters

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 has two 16-bit Timer/Counter registers: Timer 0 and Timer 1. As a Timer, the register is incremented every clock cycle. Thus, the register counts clock cycles. Since a clock cycle consists of one oscillator period, the count rate is equal to the oscillator frequency.

Configuration Bits

Alternate Function NotesPxM0.y PxM1.y

Refer to Section 19.4 “SPI Pin

Configuration” on page 48

Refer to Section 16.6 “Timer/Counter Pin

Configuration” on page 30

16.1 Mode 0

As a Counter, the register is incremented in response to a 1-to-0 transition at its corresponding input pin, T0 or T1. The external input is sampled every clock cycle. When the samples show a high in one cycle and a low in the next cycle, the count is incremented. The new count value appears in the register during the cycle following the one in which the transition was detected. Since 2 clock cycles are required to recognize a 1-to-0 transition, the maximum count rate is 1/2 of the oscillator frequency. There are no restrictions on the duty cycle of the input signal, but it should be held for at least one full clock cycle to ensure that a given level is sampled at least once before it changes.

Furthermore, the Timer or Counter functions for Timer 0 and Timer 1 have four operating modes: variable width timer/counter, 16 bit auto-reload timer/counter, 8 bit auto-reload timer/counter, and split timer/counter. The control bits C/T

in the Special Function Register TMOD select the

Timer or Counter function. The bit pairs (M1, M0) in TMOD select the operating modes.

Both Timers in Mode 0 are 8-bit Counters with a variable prescaler. The prescaler may vary from 1 to 8 bits depending on the PSC bits in TCONB, giving the timer a range of 9 to 16 bits. By default the timer is configured as a 13-bit timer compatible to Mode 0 in the standard 8051.

Figure 16-1 shows the Mode 0 operation as it applies to Timer 1 in 13-bit mode. As the count

rolls over from all “1”s to all “0”s, it sets the Timer interrupt flag TF1. The counted input is enabled to the Timer when TR1 = 1 and either GATE = 0 or INT1 the Timer to be controlled by external input INT1

, to facilitate pulse width measurements. TR1 is

= 1. Setting GATE = 1 allows

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

OSC

T1 Pin

TR1

GATE

INT1 Pin

TL1

(8 Bits)

Control

Interrupt

C/T = 0

C/T = 1

PSC1

TH1

(8 Bits)

TF1

OSC

T1 Pin

TR1

GATE

INT1 Pin

TL1

(8 Bits)

Control

Interrupt

C/T = 0

C/T =1

TH1

(8 Bits)

TF1

RL1

(8 Bits)

RH1

(8 Bits)

Reload

a control bit in the Special Function Register TCON. GATE is in TMOD. The 13-bit register consists of all 8 bits of TH1 and the lower 5 bits of TL1. The upper 3 bits of TL1 are indeterminate and should be ignored. Setting the run flag (TR1) does not clear the registers. See Figure 16-1.

Figure 16-1. Timer/Counter 1 Mode 0: Variable Width Counter

16.2 Mode 1

Mode 0 operation is the same for Timer 0 as for Timer 1, except that TR0, TF0 and INT0

replace the corresponding Timer 1 signals in Figure 16-1. There are two different GATE bits, one for Timer 1 (TMOD.7) and one for Timer 0 (TMOD.3).

In Mode 1 the Timers are configured for 16-bit auto-reload. The Timer register is run with all 16 bits. The 16-bit reload value is stored in the high and low reload registers (RH1/RL1). The clock is applied to the combined high and low timer registers (TH1/TL1). As clock pulses are received, the timer counts up: 0000H, 0001H, 0002H, etc. An overflow occurs on the FFFFH-to-0000H transition, upon which the timer register is reloaded with the value from RH1/RL1 and the overflow flag bit in TCON is set. See Figure 16-2. The reload registers default to 0000H, which gives the full 16-bit timer period compatible with the standard 8051. Mode 1 operation is the same for Timer/Counter 0.

Figure 16-2. Timer/Counter 1 Mode 1: 16-bit Auto-Reload

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16.3 Mode 2

OSC

T1 Pin

TR1

GATE

TF1

TL1

(8 Bits)

TH1

(8 Bits)

Control

Reload

Interrupt

INT0 Pin

C/T = 0

C/T = 1

Control

Interrupt

Control

Interrupt

(8 Bits)

C/T = 0

C/T =1

T0 Pin

GATE

INT0 Pin

16.4 Mode 3

Mode 2 configures the Timer register as an 8-bit Counter (TL1) with automatic reload, as shown in Figure 16-3. Overflow from TL1 not only sets TF1, but also reloads TL1 with the contents of TH1, which is preset by software. The reload leaves TH1 unchanged. Mode 2 operation is the same for Timer/Counter 0.

Figure 16-3. Timer/Counter 1 Mode 2: 8-bit Auto-Reload

Timer 1 in Mode 3 simply holds its count. The effect is the same as setting TR1 = 0. Timer 0 in Mode 3 establishes TL0 and TH0 as two separate counters. The logic for Mode 3 on Timer 0 is shown in Figure 16-4. TL0 uses the Timer 0 control bits: C/T

, GATE, TR0, INT0, and TF0. TH0 is locked into a timer function (counting machine cycles) and takes over the use of TR1 and TF1 from Timer 1. Thus, TH0 now controls the Timer 1 interrupt.

Mode 3 is for applications requiring an extra 8-bit timer or counter. With Timer 0 in Mode 3, the AT89LP2052/LP4052 can appear to have three Timer/Counters. When Timer 0 is in Mode 3, Timer 1 can be turned on and off by switching it out of and into its own Mode 3. In this case, Timer 1 can still be used by the serial port as a baud rate generator or in any application not requiring an interrupt.

Figure 16-4. Timer/Counter 0 Mode 3: Two 8-bit Counters

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 16-1. TCON – Timer/Counter Control Register

TCON = 88H Reset Value = 0000 0000B

Bit Addressable

TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0

Bit7 6543210

Symbol Function

TF1 Timer 1 overflow flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow. Cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to

interrupt routine.

TR1 Timer 1 run control bit. Set/cleared by software to turn Timer/Counter on/off.

TF0 Timer 0 overflow flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow. Cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to

interrupt routine.

TR0 Timer 0 run control bit. Set/cleared by software to turn Timer/Counter on/off.

IE1 Interrupt 1 flag. When IT1 is set, IE1 is set by hardware when the external interrupt falling edge is detected, and is cleared

by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt routine. When IT1 is cleared, IE1 is sampled and inverted from the external interrupt pin. The flag will be set or cleared by hardware depending on the state of P3.3.

IT1 Interrupt 1 type control bit. Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/low level triggered external interrupts.

IE0 Interrupt 0 flag. When IT0 is set, IE0 is set by hardware when the external interrupt falling edge is detected, and is cleared

by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt routine. When IT0 is cleared, IE0 is sampled and inverted from the external interrupt pin. The flag will be set or cleared by hardware depending on the state of P3.2.

IT0 Interrupt 0 type control bit. Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/low level triggered external interrupts.

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Table 16-2. TMOD: Timer/Counter Mode Control Register

TMOD = 89H Reset Value = 0000 0000B

Not Bit Addressable

GATE C/T M1 M0 GATE C/T M1 M0

Timer1 Timer0

Gate Gating control: when set Timer/Counter x is enabled only

while INTx cleared, Timer x is enabled whenever TRx control bit is set.

C/T

M1 Mode bit 1

M0 Mode bit 0

Timer or Counter Selector: cleared for Timer operation (input from internal system clock). Set for Counter operation (input from Tx input pin).

M1 M0 Mode Operating Mode

000Variable 9 - 16-bit Timer/Counter.

0 1 1 16-bit Auto Reload Timer/Counter.

1028-bit Auto Reload Timer/Counter.

113Split Timer/Counter.

113(Timer 1) Timer/Counter 1 stopped.

pin is high and TRx control pin is set. When

543210

Timer 0 gate bit

Timer 0 counter/timer select bit

Timer 0 M1 bit

Timer 0 M0 bit

8-bit Timer/Counter THz with TLx as 1 - 8-bit prescaler.

8-bit Timer/Counters THx and TLx are cascaded; there is no prescaler.

8-bit auto-reload Timer/Counter THx holds a value which is to be reloaded into TLx each time it overflows.

(Timer 0) TL0 is an 8-bit Timer/Counter controlled by the standard Timer 0 control bits. TH0 is an 8-bit timer only controlled by Timer 1 control bits.

Timer SFR Purpose Address Bit-Addressable

TCON Control 88H Yes

TMOD Mode 89H No

TL0 Timer 0 low-byte 8AH No

TL1 Timer 1 low-byte 8BH No

TH0 Timer 0 high-byte 8CH No

TH1 Timer 1 high-byte 8DH No

TCONB Mode 91H No

RL0 Timer 0 reload low-byte 92H No

RL1 Timer 1 reload low-byte 93H No

RH0 Timer 0 reload high-byte 94H No

RH1 Timer 1 reload high-byte 95H No

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AT89LP2052/LP4052

PWM Output (T0)

Counter Value (TH0)

Compare Value (RH0)

Table 16-3.

TCONB = 91H Reset Value = 0010 0100B

Not Bit Addressable

Bit7 6543210

Symbol Function

PWM1EN Configures Timer 1 for Pulse Width Modulation output on T1 (P3.5).

PWM0EN Configures Timer 0 for Pulse Width Modulation output on T0 (P3.4).

PSC12 PSC11 PSC10

PSC02 PSC01 PSC00

TCONB – Timer/Counter Control Register B

PWM1EN PWM0EN PSC12 PSC11 PSC10 PSC02 PSC01 PSC00

Prescaler for Timer 1 Mode 0. The number of active bits in TL1 equals PSC1 + 1. After reset PSC1 = 100B which enables 5 bits of TL1 for compatibility with the 13-bit Mode 0 in AT89S2051.

Prescaler for Timer 0 Mode 0. The number of active bits in TL0 equals PSC0 + 1. After reset PSC0 = 100B which enables 5 bits of TL0 for compatibility with the 13-bit Mode 0 in AT89C52.

16.5 Pulse Width Modulation

Timer 0 and Timer 1 may be independently configured as 8-bit asymmetrical pulse width modulators (PWM) by setting the PWM0EN or PWM1EN bits in TCONB, respectively. In PWM Mode the generated waveform is output on the timer's pin, T0 or T1. C/T PWM mode. In Timer 0's PWM mode, TH0 acts as an 8-bit counter while RH0 stores the 8-bit compare value. When TH0 is 00H the PWM output is set high. When the TH0 count reaches the value stored in RH0 the PWM output is set low. Therefore, the pulse width is proportional to the value in RH0. To prevent glitches writes to RH0 only take effect on the FFH to 00H overflow of TH0. Timer 1 has the same behavior using TH1 and RH1. See Figure 16-5 for PWM waveform example. Setting RH0 to 00H will keep the PWM output low.

must be set to “0” when in

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The PWM will only function if the timer is in Mode 0 or Mode 1. In Mode 0, TL0 acts as a logarithmic prescaler driving TH0 (see Figure 16-6). The PSC0 bits in TCONB control the prescaler value. In Mode 1, TL0 provides linear prescaling with an 8-bit auto-reload from RL0 (see Figure

16-7).

Figure 16-5. Asymmetrical Pulse Width Modulation

Figure 16-6. Timer/Counter 1 PWM Mode 0

OSC

TR1

GATE

INT1 Pin

TL1

(8 Bits)

Control

PSC1

TH1

(8 Bits)

OCR1

RH1

(8 Bits)

OSC

TR1

GATE

INT1 Pin

TL1

(8 Bits)

Control

TH1

(8 Bits)

OCR1

RH1

(8 Bits)

RL1

(8 Bits)

Figure 16-7. Timer/Counter 1 PWM Mode 1

16.6 Timer/Counter Pin Configuration

In order to use the counter input function or pulse width modulation output feature of Timer 0 or Timer 1, the Timer pins T0 (P3.4) and T1 (P3.5) must be configured appropriately. See Section

15.7 “Port Alternate Functions” on page 23. For the external counter input function, T0 or T1

should be configured as input-only, or as bidirectional with P3.4 or P3.5 set to “1”. The counter function may also be triggered by an internal event if T0 or T1 is configured in a bidirectional or output mode and the port bit is toggled accordingly. To enable a PWM output on T0 or T1, the pin must be configured in a bidirectional or output mode with P3.4 or P3.5 set to “1”. Setting the PWM0EN or PWM1En bits in TCONB will not automatically configure the pins as outputs. The PWM outputs will use a full CMOS push-pull driver if they are in the quasi-bidirectional or output configurations.

17. External Interrupts

The INT0 and INT1 external interrupt sources can be programmed to be level-activated or transition-activated by setting or clearing bit IT1 or IT0 in Register TCON. If ITx = 0, external interrupt x is triggered by a detected low at the INTx tive edge-triggered. In this mode if successive samples of the INTx

AT89LP2052/LP4052

pin. If ITx = 1, external interrupt x is nega-

pin show a high in one cycle

3547J–MICRO–10/09

and a low in the next cycle, interrupt request flag IEx in TCON is set. Flag bit IEx then requests the interrupt. Since the external interrupt pins are sampled once each clock cycle, an input high or low should hold for at least 2 oscillator periods to ensure sampling. If the external interrupt is transition-activated, the external source has to hold the request pin high for at least two clock cycles, and then hold it low for at least two clock cycles to ensure that the transition is seen so that interrupt request flag IEx will be set. IEx will be automatically cleared by the CPU when the service routine is called if generated in edge-triggered mode. If the external interrupt is level-activated, the external source has to hold the request active until the requested interrupt is actually generated. Then the external source must deactivate the request before the interrupt service routine is completed, or else another interrupt will be generated.

18. Serial Interface

The serial port is full-duplex, which means it can transmit and receive simultaneously. It is also receive-buffered, which means it can begin receiving a second byte before a previously received byte has been read from the receive register. (However, if the first byte still has not been read when reception of the second byte is complete, the first byte will be lost.) The serial port receive and transmit registers are both accessed at Special Function Register SBUF. Writing to SBUF loads the transmit register, and reading SBUF accesses a physically separate receive register. The serial port can operate in the following four modes.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Mode 0: Half-Duplex serial data enters or exits through RXD. TXD outputs the shift clock. Eight

data bits are transmitted/received, with the LSB first. The baud rate is fixed at 1/2 the oscillator frequency.

Mode 1: 10 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through RXD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), and a stop bit (1). On receive, the stop bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON. The baud rate is variable based on Timer 1 overflow.

Mode 2: 11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through RXD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable ninth data bit, and a stop bit (1). On transmit, the 9th data bit (TB8 in SCON) can be assigned the value of “0” or “1”. For example, the parity bit (P, in the PSW) can be moved into TB8. On receive, the 9th data bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON, while the stop bit is ignored. The baud rate is programmable to either 1/16 or 1/32 the oscillator frequency.

Mode 3: 11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through RXD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable ninth data bit, and a stop bit (1). In fact, Mode 3 is the same as Mode 2 in all respects except the baud rate, which in Mode 3 is variable based on Timer 1 overflow.

In all four modes, transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. Reception is initiated in Mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. Reception is initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit if REN = 1.

18.1 Multiprocessor Communications

Modes 2 and 3 have a special provision for multiprocessor communications. In these modes, 9 data bits are received, followed by a stop bit. The ninth bit goes into RB8. Then comes a stop bit. The port can be programmed such that when the stop bit is received, the serial port interrupt is activated only if RB8 = 1. This feature is enabled by setting bit SM2 in SCON.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

The following example shows how to use the serial interrupt for multiprocessor communications. When the master processor must transmit a block of data to one of several slaves, it first sends

out an address byte that identifies the target slave. An address byte differs from a data byte in

SM0 SM1 Mode Description Baud Rate

(2)

0 0 0 shift register f

osc

0 1 1 8-bit UART variable

1 0 2 9-bit UART f

osc

/32 or f

osc

/16

1 1 3 9-bit UART variable

that the 9th bit is “1” in an address byte and “0” in a data byte. With SM2 = 1, no slave is interrupted by a data byte. An address byte, however, interrupts all slaves, so that each slave can examine the received byte and see if it is being addressed. The addressed slave clears its SM2 bit and prepares to receive the data bytes that follows. The slaves that are not addressed set their SM2 bits and ignore the data bytes.

The SM2 bit has no effect in Mode 0 but can be used to check the validity of the stop bit in Mode 1. In a Mode 1 reception, if SM2 = 1, the receive interrupt is not activated unless a valid stop bit is received.

Table 18-1. SCON – Serial Port Control Register

SCON Address = 98H Reset Value = 0000 0000B

Bit Addressable

SM0/FE SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 T1 RI

Bit7 6543210

(SMOD0 = 0/1)

Symbol Function

Framing error bit. This bit is set by the receiver when an invalid stop bit is detected. The FE bit is not cleared by valid

frames but should be cleared by software. The SMOD0 bit must be set to enable access to the FE bit. FE will be set regardless of the state of SMOD0.

SM0 Serial Port Mode Bit 0, (SMOD0 must = 0 to access bit SM0)

(1)

Serial Port Mode Bit 1

SM1

Enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature in Modes 2 or 3. If SM2 = 1 then Rl will not be set unless the received

SM2

9th data bit (RB8) is 1, indicating an address, and the received byte is a Given or Broadcast Address. In Mode 1, if SM2 = 1 then Rl will not be activated unless a valid stop bit was received, and the received byte is a Given or Broadcast Address. In Mode 0, SM2 should be 0.

REN Enables serial reception. Set by software to enable reception. Clear by software to disable reception.

TB8 The 9th data bit that will be transmitted in Modes 2 and 3. Set or clear by software as desired.

RB8

In Modes 2 and 3, the 9th data bit that was received. In Mode 1, if SM2 = 0, RB8 is the stop bit that was received. In Mode 0, RB8 is not used.

Transmit interrupt flag. Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in Mode 0, or at the beginning of the stop bit in the other modes, in any serial transmission. Must be cleared by software.

Receive interrupt flag. Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in Mode 0, or halfway through the stop bit time in the other modes, in any serial reception (except see SM2). Must be cleared by software.

Notes: 1. SMOD0 is located at PCON.6.

= oscillator frequency.

2. f

osc

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

18.2 Baud Rates

Mode 0 Baud Rate

Oscillator Frequency

------------------------------------------------------ -=

Mode 2 Baud Rate

SMOD1

--------------------

(Oscillator Frequency)×=

SMOD1

--------------------

(Timer 1 Overflow Rate)×=

Modes 1, 3 Baud Rate

SMOD1

--------------------

Oscillator Frequency

256 TH1()–[]

------------------------------------------------------ -

×=

Modes 1, 3 Baud Rate

SMOD1

--------------------

Oscillator Frequency

65536 RH1,RL1()–[]

-------------------------------------------------------- -

×=

Modes 1, 3 Baud Rate

The baud rate in Mode 0 is fixed as shown in the following equation.

The baud rate in Mode 2 depends on the value of the SMOD1 bit in Special Function Register PCON.7. If SMOD1 = 0 (the value on reset), the baud rate is 1/32 of the oscillator frequency. If SMOD1 = 1, the baud rate is 1/16 of the oscillator frequency, as shown in the following equation.

18.2.1 Using Timer 1 to Generate Baud Rates

The Timer 1 overflow rate determines the baud rates in Modes 1 and 3. When Timer 1 is the baud rate generator, the baud rates are determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate and the value of SMOD1 according to the following equation.

The Timer 1 interrupt should be disabled in this application. The Timer itself can be configured for either timer or counter operation in any of its 3 running modes. In the most typical applications, it is configured for timer operation in auto-reload mode (high nibble of TMOD = 0010B). In this case, the baud rate is given by the following formula.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Programmers can achieve very low baud rates with Timer 1 by configuring the Timer to run as a 16-bit auto-reload timer (high nibble of TMOD = 0001B). In this case, the baud rate is given by the following formula.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Table 18-2 lists commonly used baud rates and how they can be obtained from Timer 1.

Table 18-2. Commonly Used Baud Rates Generated by Timer 1

Baud Rate f

Mode 0: 1 MHz 2 X X X X

Mode 2: 375K 12 0 X X X

18.3 More About Mode 0

Serial data enters and exits through RXD. TXD outputs the shift clock. Eight data bits are transmitted/received, with the LSB first. The baud rate is fixed at 1/2 the oscillator frequency. Figure

18-1 shows a simplified functional diagram of the serial port in Mode 0 and associated timing.

Timer 1

(MHz) SMOD1

OSC

62.5K 12 102 F4H

19.2K 11.059 1 0 2 DCH

9.6K 11.059 0 0 2 DCH

4.8K 11.059 0 0 2 B8H

2.4K 11.059 0 0 2 70H

1.2K 11.059 0 0 1 FEE0H

137.5 11.986 0 0 1 F55CH

110 6 0 0 1 F958H

110 12 0 0 1 F304H

C/T Mode Reload Value

Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. The “write to SBUF” signal also loads a “1” into the ninth position of the transmit shift register and tells the TX Control block to begin a transmission. The internal timing is such that one full machine cycle will elapse between “write to SBUF” and activation of SEND.

SEND transfers the output of the shift register to the alternate output function line of P3.0, and also transfers Shift Clock to the alternate output function line of P3.1. At the falling edge of Shift Clock the contents of the transmit shift register are shifted one position to the right.

As data bits shift out to the right, “0”s come in from the left. When the MSB of the data byte is at the output position of the shift register, the “1” that was initially loaded into the ninth position is just to the left of the MSB, and all positions to the left of that contain “0”s. This condition flags the TX Control block to do one last shift, then deactivate SEND and set TI.

Reception is initiated by the condition REN = 1 and R1 = 0. At the next clock cycle, the RX Control unit writes the bits 11111110 to the receive shift register and activates RECEIVE in the next clock phase.

RECEIVE enables Shift Clock to the alternate output function line of P3.1. At the falling edge of Shift Clock the contents of the receive shift register are shifted one position to the left. The value that comes in from the right is the value that was sampled at the P3.0 pin at rising edge of Shift Clock.

As data bits come in from the right, “1”s shift out to the left. When the “0” that was initially loaded into the right-most position arrives at the left-most position in the shift register, it flags the RX Control block to do one last shift and load SBUF. Then RECEIVE is cleared and RI is set.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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Figure 18-1. Serial Port Mode 0

INTERNAL BUS

1/2 f

osc

INTERNAL BUS

TXD (SHIFT CLOCK)

RXD (DATA OUT)

TXD (SHIFT CLOCK)

RXD (DATA IN)

WRITE TO SBUF

SEND

SHIFT

WRITE TO SCON (CLEAR RI)

SHIFT

RECEIVE

“1“

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

18.4 More About Mode 1

Ten bits are transmitted (through TXD), or received (through RXD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), and a stop bit (1). On receive, the stop bit goes into RB8 in SCON. In the AT89LP2052/LP4052, the baud rate is determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate. The baud rate is determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate. Figure 18-2 shows a simplified functional diagram of the serial port in Mode 1 and associated timings for transmit and receive.

Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. The “write to SBUF” signal also loads a “1” into the ninth bit position of the transmit shift register and flags the TX Control unit that a transmission is requested. Transmission actually commences at S1P1 of the machine cycle following the next rollover in the divide-by-16 counter. Thus, the bit times are synchronized to the divide-by-16 counter, not to the “write to SBUF” signal.

The transmission begins when SEND later, DATA is activated, which enables the output bit of the transmit shift register to TXD. The first shift pulse occurs one bit time after that.

As data bits shift out to the right, “0”s are clocked in from the left. When the MSB of the data byte is at the output position of the shift register, the “1” that was initially loaded into the ninth position is just to the left of the MSB, and all positions to the left of that contain “0”s. This condition flags the TX Control unit to do one last shift, then deactivate SEND divide-by-16 rollover after “write to SBUF.”

Reception is initiated by a 1-to-0 transition detected at RXD. For this purpose, RXD is sampled at a rate of 16 times the established baud rate. When a transition is detected, the divide-by-16 counter is immediately reset, and 1FFH is written into the input shift register. Resetting the divide-by-16 counter aligns its roll-overs with the boundaries of the incoming bit times.

The 16 states of the counter divide each bit time into 16ths. At the seventh, eighth, and ninth counter states of each bit time, the bit detector samples the value of RXD. The value accepted is the value that was seen in at least 2 of the 3 samples. This is done to reject noise. In order to reject false bits, if the value accepted during the first bit time is not 0, the receive circuits are reset and the unit continues looking for another 1-to-0 transition. If the start bit is valid, it is shifted into the input shift register, and reception of the rest of the frame proceeds.

As data bits come in from the right, “1”s shift out to the left. When the start bit arrives at the left most position in the shift register, (which is a 9-bit register in Mode 1), it flags the RX Control block to do one last shift, load SBUF and RB8, and set RI. The signal to load SBUF and RB8 and to set RI is generated if, and only if, the following conditions are met at the time the final shift pulse is generated.

is activated, which puts the start bit at TXD. One bit time

and set TI. This occurs at the tenth

RI = 0 and

Either SM2 = 0, or the received stop bit = 1

If either of these two conditions is not met, the received frame is irretrievably lost. If both conditions are met, the stop bit goes into RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF, and RI is activated. At this time, whether or not the above conditions are met, the unit continues looking for a 1-to-0 transition in RXD.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 18-2. Serial Port Mode 1

CLOCK

WRITE TO SBUF

INTERNAL BUS

READ

SBUF

LOAD SBUF

SBUF

SHIFT

INPUT SHIFT REG.

(9 BITS)

BIT

DETECTOR

1-TO-0

TRANSITION

DETECTOR

SERIAL

PORT

INTERRUPT

WRITE

SBUF

÷2

SMOD1

= 0

SMOD1

= 1

TIMER 1

OVERFLOW

RXD

RX CLOCK

RX CONTROL

START

DATA

SEND

SAMPLE

÷16

TX CONTROL

ZERO DETECTOR

SBUF

TXD

INTERNAL BUS

“1”

LOAD SBUF

SHIFT

1FFH

SEND

DATA

SHIFT

TXD

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

STOP BIT

TRANSMIT

START BIT

÷16 RESET

START BIT

STOP BIT

CLOCK

BIT DETECTOR SAMPLE TIMES

SHIFT

RECEIVE

RXD

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

18.5 More About Modes 2 and 3

Eleven bits are transmitted (through TXD), or received (through RXD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable ninth data bit, and a stop bit (1). On transmit, the ninth data bit (TB8) can be assigned the value of “0” or “1”. On receive, the ninth data bit goes into RB8 in SCON. The baud rate is programmable to either 1/16 or 1/32 of the oscillator frequency in Mode 2. Mode 3 may have a variable baud rate generated from Timer 1.

Figures 18-3 and 18-4 show a functional diagram of the serial port in Modes 2 and 3. The

receive portion is exactly the same as in Mode 1. The transmit portion differs from Mode 1 only in the ninth bit of the transmit shift register.

Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. The “write to SBUF” signal also loads TB8 into the ninth bit position of the transmit shift register and flags the TX Control unit that a transmission is requested. Transmission commences at S1P1 of the machine cycle following the next rollover in the divide-by-16 counter. Thus, the bit times are synchronized to the divide-by-16 counter, not to the “write to SBUF” signal.

The transmission begins when SEND later, DATA is activated, which enables the output bit of the transmit shift register to TXD. The first shift pulse occurs one bit time after that. The first shift clocks a “1” (the stop bit) into the ninth bit position of the shift register. Thereafter, only “0”s are clocked in. Thus, as data bits shift out to the right, “0”s are clocked in from the left. When TB8 is at the output position of the shift register, then the stop bit is just to the left of TB8, and all positions to the left of that contain “0”s. This condition flags the TX Control unit to do one last shift, then deactivate SEND and set TI. This occurs at the 11th divide-by-16 rollover after “write to SBUF.”

At the seventh, eighth and ninth counter states of each bit time, the bit detector samples the value of RXD. The value accepted is the value that was seen in at least 2 of the 3 samples. If the value accepted during the first bit time is not 0, the receive circuits are reset and the unit continues looking for another 1-to-0 transition. If the start bit proves valid, it is shifted into the input shift register, and reception of the rest of the frame proceeds.

As data bits come in from the right, “1”s shift out to the left. When the start bit arrives at the left most position in the shift register (which in Modes 2 and 3 is a 9-bit register), it flags the RX Control block to do one last shift, load SBUF and RB8, and set RI. The signal to load SBUF and RB8 and to set RI is generated if, and only if, the following conditions are met at the time the final shift pulse is generated:

is activated, which puts the start bit at TXD. One bit time

RI = 0, and

Either SM2 = 0 or the received 9th data bit = 1

If either of these conditions is not met, the received frame is irretrievably lost, and RI is not set. If both conditions are met, the received ninth data bit goes into RB8, and the first 8 data bits go into SBUF. One bit time later, whether the above conditions were met or not, the unit continues looking for a 1-to-0 transition at the RXD input.

Note that the value of the received stop bit is irrelevant to SBUF, RB8, or RI.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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Figure 18-3. Serial Port Mode 2

SMOD1

SMOD1 0

INTERNAL BUS

CPU CLOCK

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 18-4. Serial Port Mode 3

CLOCK

WRITE TO SBUF

SEND

DATA

SHIFT

TXD

STOP BIT GEN

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TB8

STOP BIT

TRANSMIT

START BIT

INTERNAL BUS

READ

SBUF

LOAD SBUF

SBUF

SHIFT

INPUT SHIFT REG.

(9 BITS)

BIT

DETECTOR

1-TO-0

TRANSITION

DETECTOR

SERIAL

PORT

INTERRUPT

WRITE

SBUF

÷2

SMOD1

= 0

SMOD1

= 1

TIMER 1

OVERFLOW

RXD

RX CLOCK

RX CONTROL

START

DATA

SAMPLE

÷16

TX CONTROL

ZERO DETECTOR

SBUF

TXD

INTERNAL BUS

TB8

LOAD

SBUF

SHIFT 1FFH

SHIFT

SEND

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RB8

START BIT

STOP

BIT

÷16 RESET

CLOCK

BIT DETECTOR SAMPLE TIMES

SHIFT

RECEIVE

RXD

STOP BIT

AT89LP2052/LP4052

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18.6 Framing Error Detection

When used for framing error detect, the UART looks for missing stop bits in the communication. A missing bit will set the FE bit in the SCON register. The FE bit shares the SCON.7 bit with SM0 and the function of SCON.7 is determined by PCON.6 (SMOD0). If SMOD0 is set then SCON.7 functions as FE. SCON.7 functions as SM0 when SMOD0 is cleared. When used as FE, SCON.7 can only be cleared by software.

18.7 Automatic Address Recognition

Automatic Address Recognition is a feature which allows the UART to recognize certain addresses in the serial bit stream by using hardware to make the comparisons. This feature saves a great deal of software overhead by eliminating the need for the software to examine every serial address which passes by the serial port. This feature is enabled by setting the SM2 bit in SCON. In the 9-bit UART modes, Mode 2 and Mode 3, the Receive Interrupt flag (RI) will be automatically set when the received byte contains either the “Given” address or the “Broadcast” address. The 9-bit mode requires that the 9th information bit is a “1” to indicate that the received information is an address and not data.

The 8-bit mode is called Mode 1. In this mode the RI flag will be set if SM2 is enabled and the information received has a valid stop bit following the 8 address bits and the information is either a Given or Broadcast address.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Mode 0 is the Shift Register mode and SM2 is ignored.

Using the Automatic Address Recognition feature allows a master to selectively communicate with one or more slaves by invoking the given slave address or addresses. All of the slaves may be contacted by using the Broadcast address. Two special Function Registers are used to define the slave’s address, SADDR, and the address mask, SADEN. SADEN is used to define which bits in the SADDR are to be used and which bits are “don’t care”. The SADEN mask can be logically ANDed with the SADDR to create the “Given” address which the master will use for addressing each of the slaves. Use of the Given address allows multiple slaves to be recognized while excluding others. The following examples will help to show the versatility of this scheme:

Slave 0 SADDR = 1100 0000

SADEN = 1111 1101

Given = 1100 00X0

Slave 1 SADDR = 1100 0000

SADEN = 1111 1110

Given = 1100 000X

In the previous example SADDR is the same and the SADEN data is used to differentiate between the two slaves. Slave 0 requires a “0” in bit 0 and it ignores bit 1. Slave 1 requires a “0” in bit 1 and bit 0 is ignored. A unique address for slave 0 would be 1100 0010 since slave 1 requires a “0” in bit 1. A unique address for slave 1 would be 1100 0001 since a “1” in bit 0 will exclude slave 0. Both slaves can be selected at the same time by an address which has bit 0 = 0 (for slave 0) and bit 1 = 0 (for slave 1). Thus, both could be addressed with 1100 0000.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

In a more complex system the following could be used to select slaves 1 and 2 while excluding slave 0:

Slave 0 SADDR = 1100 0000

SADEN = 1111 1001

Given = 1100 0XX0

Slave 1 SADDR = 1110 0000

SADEN = 1111 1010

Given = 1110 0X0X

Slave 2 SADDR = 1110 0000

SADEN = 1111 1100

Given = 1110 00XX

In the above example the differentiation among the 3 slaves is in the lower 3 address bits. Slave 0 requires that bit 0 = 0 and it can be uniquely addressed by 1110 0110. Slave 1 requires that bit 1 = 0 and it can be uniquely addressed by 1110 and 0101. Slave 2 requires that bit 2 = 0 and its unique address is 1110 0011. To select Slaves 0 and 1 and exclude Slave 2, use address 1110 0100, since it is necessary to make bit 2 = 1 to exclude slave 2.

The Broadcast Address for each slave is created by taking the logic OR of SADDR and SADEN. Zeros in this result are treated as don’t cares. In most cases, interpreting the don’t cares as ones, the broadcast address will be FF hexadecimal.

Upon reset SADDR (SFR address 0A9H) and SADEN (SFR address 0B9H) are loaded with “0”s. This produces a given address of all “don’t cares” as well as a Broadcast address of all “don’t cares”. This effectively disables the Automatic Addressing mode and allows the microcontroller to use standard 80C51-type UART drivers which do not make use of this feature.

19. Serial Peripheral Interface

The serial peripheral interface (SPI) allows high-speed synchronous data transfer between the AT89LP2052/LP4052 and peripheral devices or between multiple AT89LP2052/LP4052 devices. The AT89LP2052/LP4052 SPI features include the following:

• Full-duplex, 3-wire Synchronous Data Transfer

• Master or Slave Operation

• Maximum Bit Frequency = f/4

• LSB First or MSB First Data Transfer

• Four Programmable Bit Rates in Master Mode

• End of Transmission Interrupt Flag

• Write Collision Flag Protection

• Double-buffered Receive

• Double-buffered Transmit (Enhanced Mode Only)

• Wake up from Idle Mode (Slave Mode Only)

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

8-Bit Shift Register 8-Bit Shift Register

Master

Clock Generator

SPI

MISO

Slave

MISO

MOSI MOSI

SCK

SS SS

MSB LSB

Oscillator

8-bit Shift Register

Read Data Buffer

Pin Control Logic

SPI Control

SPI Status Register

SPI Interrupt

Request

Internal

Data Bus

Select

SPI Clock (Mater)

Divider

÷4÷8÷32÷64

SPI Control Register

SPIF

WCOL

SPR1

MSTR

SPIE

Clock

Logic

Clock

MSB

SPE

DORD

MSTR

CPOL

CPHA

SPR1

SPR0

MSTR

SPE

DORD

LSB

M M

MISO

P1.6

MOSI

P1.5

SCK

1.7

P1.4

SPR0

SPE

Write Data Buffer

The interconnection between master and slave CPUs with SPI is shown in Figure 19-1. The four pins in the interface are Master-In/Slave-Out (MISO), Master-Out/Slave-In (MOSI), Shift Clock (SCK), and Slave Select (SS input in slave mode. The MSTR bit in SPCR determines the directions of MISO and MOSI. Also notice that MOSI connects to MOSI and MISO to MISO. In master mode, SS may be used as a general-purpose input or output. In slave mode, SS select an individual device as a slave. When SS vated and the MOSI/P1.5 pin can be used as a general-purpose input.

Figure 19-1. SPI Master-Slave Interconnection

). The SCK pin is the clock output in master mode, but is the clock

/P1.4 is ignored and

must be driven low to

is driven high, the slave’s SPI port is deacti-

Figure 19-2. SPI Block Diagram

3547J–MICRO–10/09

19.1 Normal Mode

The SPI has two modes of operation: normal (non-buffered write) and enhanced (buffered write). In normal mode, writing to the SPI data register (SPDR) of the master CPU starts the SPI clock generator and the data written shifts out of the MOSI pin and into the MOSI pin of the slave CPU. Transmission may start after an initial delay while the clock generator waits for the next full bit slot of the specified baud rate. After shifting one byte, the SPI clock generator stops, setting the end of transmission flag (SPIF) and transferring the received byte to the read buffer (SPDR). If both the SPI interrupt enable bit (SPIE) and the serial port interrupt enable bit (ES) are set, an interrupt is requested. Note that SPDR refers to either the write data buffer or the read data buffer, depending on whether the access is a write or read. In normal mode, because the write buffer is transparent (and a write access to SPDR will be directed to the shift buffer), any attempt to write to SPDR while a transmission is in progress will result in a write collision with WCOL set. However, the transmission will still complete normally, but the new byte will be ignored and a new write access to SPDR will be necessary.

19.2 Enhanced Mode

Enhanced mode is similar to normal mode except that the write buffer holds the next byte to be transmitted. Writing to SPDR loads the write buffer and sets WCOL to signify that the buffer is full and any further writes will overwrite the buffer. WCOL is cleared by hardware when the buffered byte is loaded into the shift register and transmission begins. If the master SPI is currently idle, i.e. if this is the first byte, then after loading SPDR, transmission of the byte starts and WCOL is cleared immediately. While this byte is transmitting, the next byte may be written to SPDR. The Load Enable flag (LDEN) in SPSR can be used to determine when transmission has started. LDEN is asserted during the first four bit slots of a SPI transfer. The master CPU should first check that LDEN is set and that WCOL is cleared before loading the next byte. In enhanced mode, if WCOL is set when a transfer completes, i.e. the next byte is available, then the SPI immediately loads the buffered byte into the shift register, resets WCOL, and continues transmission without stopping and restarting the clock generator. As long as the CPU can keep the write buffer full in this manner, multiple bytes may be transferred with minimal latency between bytes.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 19-1. SPCR – SPI Control Register

SPCR Address = D5H Reset Value = 0000 0000B

Not Bit Addressable

SPIE SPE DORD MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

SPIE SPI interrupt enable. This bit, in conjunction with the ES bit in the IE register, enables SPI interrupts: SPIE = 1 and ES = 1

enable SPI interrupts. SPIE = 0 disables SPI interrupts.

SPE SPI enable. SPE = 1 enables the SPI channel and connects SS, MOSI, MISO and SCK to pins P1.4, P1.5, P1.6, and

P1.7. SPE = 0 disables the SPI channel.

DORD Data order. DORD = 1 selects LSB first data transmission. DORD = 0 selects MSB first data transmission.

MSTR Master/slave select. MSTR = 1 selects Master SPI mode. MSTR = 0 selects slave SPI mode.

CPOL Clock polarity. When CPOL = 1, SCK is high when idle. When CPOL = 0, SCK of the master device is low when not

transmitting. Please refer to figure on SPI clock phase and polarity control.

CPHA Clock phase. The CPHA bit together with the CPOL bit controls the clock and data relationship between master and

slave. Please refer to figure on SPI clock phase and polarity control.

SPR0 SPR1

Notes: 1. Set up the clock mode before enabling the SPI: set all bits needed in SPCR except the SPE bit, then set SPE.

SPI clock rate select. These two bits control the SCK rate of the device configured as master. SPR1 and SPR0 have no effect on the slave. The relationship between SCK and the oscillator frequency, F

SPR1 SPR0 SCK

00 f/4 01 f/8 10 f/32 11 f/64

2. Enable the master SPI prior to the slave device.

3. Slave echoes master on the next Tx if not loaded with new data.

, is as follows:

OSC.

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Table 19-2. SPSR – SPI Status Register

SPSR Address = AAH Reset Value = 000X X000B

Not Bit Addressable

SPIF WCOL

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

SPIF SP interrupt flag. When a serial transfer is complete, the SPIF bit is set and an interrupt is generated if SPIE = 1 and

ES = 1. The SPIF bit is cleared by reading the SPI status register followed by reading/writing the SPI data register.

WCOL When ENH = 0: Write collision flag. The WCOL bit is set if the SPI data register is written during a data transfer. During

data transfer, the result of reading the SPDR register may be incorrect, and writing to it has no effect. The WCOL bit (and the SPIF bit) are cleared by reading the SPI status register followed by reading/writing the SPI data register.

When ENH = 1: WCOL works in Enhanced mode as Tx Buffer Full. Writing during WCOL = 1 in enhanced mode will overwrite the waiting data already present in the Tx Buffer. In this mode, WCOL is no longer reset by the SPIF reset but is reset when the write buffer has been unloaded into the serial shift register.

LDEN Load enable for the Tx buffer in enhanced SPI mode.

When ENH is set, it is safe to load the Tx Buffer while LDEN = 1 and WCOL = 0. LDEN is high during bits 0 - 3 and is low during bits 4 - 7 of the SPI serial byte transmission time frame.

DISSO Disable slave output bit.

When set, this bit causes the MISO pin to be tri-stated so more than one slave device can share the same interface with a single master. Normally, the first byte in a transmission could be the slave address and only the selected slave should clear its DISSO bit.

ENH Enhanced SPI mode select bit. When ENH = 0, SPI is in normal mode, i.e. without write double buffering.

When ENH = 1, SPI is in enhanced mode with write double buffering. The Tx buffer shares the same address with the SPDR register.

LDEN – – – DISSO ENH

Table 19-3. SPDR – SPI Data Register

SPDR Address = 86H Reset Value = 00H (after cold reset)

Not Bit Addressable

SPD7 SPD6 SPD5 SPD4 SPD3 SPD2 SPD1 SPD0

Bit76543210

AT89LP2052/LP4052

unchanged (after warm reset)

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 19-3. SPI Shift Register Diagram

2:1

MUX

2:1

MUX

Serial Master Serial Slave

LATCH

CLK

LATCH

CLK

LATCH

CLK

LATCH

CLK

Parallel Slave

(Read Buffer)

Parallel Master

(Write Buffer)

Serial Out

Receive

Byte

Serial In

Transmit

Byte

8 8

19.3 Serial Clock Generator

The CPHA (Clock PHAse), CPOL (Clock POLarity), and SPR (Serial Peripheral clock Rate = baud rate) bits in SPCR control the shape and rate of SCK. The two SPR bits provide four possible clock rates when the SPI is in master mode. In slave mode, the SPI will operate at the rate of the incoming SCK as long as it does not exceed the maximum bit rate. There are also four possible combinations of SCK phase and polarity with respect to the serial data. CPHA and CPOL determine which format is used for transmission. The SPI data transfer formats are shown in

Figures 19-4 and and 19-5. To prevent glitches on SCK from disrupting the interface, CPHA,

CPOL, and SPR should be set up before the interface is enabled, and the master device should be enabled before the slave device(s).

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 19-4. SPI Transfer Format with CPHA = 0

MSB 6 5 4 3 2

1 LSB

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MSB

65432

1 LSB

SCK CYCLE #

(FOR REFERENCE)

SCK (CPOL = 0)

SCK (CPOL = 1)

MOSI

(FROM MASTER)

MISO

(FROM SLAVE)

SS (TO SLAVE)

Note: *Not defined but normally MSB of character just received

Figure 19-5. SPI Transfer Format with CPHA = 1

Note: *Not defined but normally LSB of previously transmitted character

19.4 SPI Pin Configuration

Before using the Serial Peripheral Interface the four SPI pins – SCK, MISO, MOSI and SS – must be properly configured for the desired functionality. See Section 15.7 “Port Alternate Func-

tions” on page 23. When the SPI is in Master mode, SCK and MOSI must be configured as

bidirectional or output, with P1.7 and P1.5 set to “1”. MISO should be input-only, or bidirectional with P1.6 set to “1”. When the SPI is in Slave mode, SCK, MOSI and SS must be configured as input-only, or as bidirectional with P1.7, P1.6 and P1.4 set to “1”. MISO should be set as bidirectional or output, with P1.6 set to “1”. If all four pins are set as bidirectional and their respectively port bits are all “1”, it is possible to switch between Master and Slave mode without reconfiguring the pins.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

20. Analog Comparator

Comparator Out

Timer 1 Overflow

Start Compare

A single analog comparator is provided on the AT89LP2052/LP4052. Comparator operation is such that the output is a logic “1” when the positive input AIN0 (P1.0) is greater than the negative input AIN1 (P1.1). Otherwise, the output is a zero. Setting the CEN bit in ACSR enables the comparator. When the comparator is first enabled, the comparator output and interrupt flag are guaranteed to be stable only after 10 µs. The corresponding comparator interrupt should not be enabled during that time, and the comparator interrupt flag must be cleared before the interrupt is enabled in order to prevent an immediate interrupt service. Before enabling the comparator the analog inputs should be tri-stated by putting P1.0 and P1.1 into input-only mode. See Sec-

tion 15.5 “Port 1 Analog Functions” on page 22.

The comparator output is internally tied to the P3.6 pin. Instructions which read the pins of P3 will also read the comparator output directly. Read-Modify-Write instructions or Write instructions to P3.6 will access bit 6 of the Port 3 register without affecting the comparator.

The comparator may be configured to cause an interrupt under a variety of output value conditions by setting the CM bits in ACSR. The comparator interrupt flag CF in ACSR is set whenever the comparator output matches the condition specified by CM. The flag may be polled by software or may be used to generate an interrupt and must be cleared by software. The EC bit in IE must be set before CF will generate an interrupt.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

20.1 Comparator Interrupt with Debouncing

The comparator output is sampled every clock cycle. The conditions on the analog inputs may be such that the comparator output will toggle excessively. This is especially true if applying slow moving analog inputs. Three debouncing modes are provided to filter out this noise. In debouncing mode, the comparator uses Timer 1 to modulate its sampling time. When a relevant transition occurs, the comparator waits until two Timer 1 overflows have occurred before resampling the output. If the new sample agrees with the expected value, CF is set. Otherwise the event is ignored. The filter may be tuned by adjusting the time-out period of Timer 1. Because Timer 1 is free running, the debouncer must wait for two overflows to guarantee that the sampling delay is at least 1 time-out period. Therefore after the initial edge event, the interrupt may occur between 1 and 2 time-out periods later. See Figure 20-1.

By default the comparator is disabled during Idle mode. To allow the comparator to function during Idle, the CIDL bit in ACSR must be set. When CIDL is set, the comparator can be used to wake-up the CPU from Idle if the comparator interrupt is enabled. The comparator is always disabled during Power-down mode.

Figure 20-1. Negative Edge with Debouncing Example

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Table 20-1. ACSR – Analog Comparator Control & Status Register

ACSR = 97H Reset Value = XXX0 0000B

Not Bit Addressable

––CIDL CF CEN CM2 CM1 CM0

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

CIDL Comparator Idle Enable. If CIDL = 1 the comparator will continue to operate during Idle mode. If CIDL = 0 the

comparator is powered down during Idle mode. The comparator is always shut down during Power-down mode.

CF Comparator Interrupt Flag. Set when the comparator output meets the conditions specified by the CM [2:0] bits and CEN

is set. The flag must be cleared by software. The interrupt may be enabled/disabled by setting/clearing bit 6 of IE.

CEN Comparator Enable. Set this bit to enable the comparator. Clearing this bit will force the comparator output low and

prevent further events from setting CF.

CM [2:0] Comparator Interrupt Mode

1 0 Interrupt Mode

000Negative (Low) level 001Positive edge

010Toggle with debounce 011Positive edge with debounce 100Negative edge 101Toggle 110Negative edge with debounce 111Positive (High) level

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

21. Programmable Watchdog Timer

The programmable Watchdog Timer (WDT) protects the system from incorrect execution by triggering a system reset when it times out after the software has failed to feed the timer prior to the timer overflow. The WDT counts CPU clock cycles. The prescaler bits, PS0, PS1 and PS2 in SFR WDTCON are used to set the period of the Watchdog Timer from 16K to 2048K clock cycles. The WDT is disabled by Reset and during Power-down mode. When the WDT times out without being serviced, an internal RST pulse is generated to reset the CPU. See Table 21-1 for the available WDT period selections.

Table 21-1. Watchdog Timer Time-out Period Selection

AT89LP2052/LP4052

WDT Prescaler Bits

000 16K

001 32K

010 64K

011 128K

100 256K

101 512K

1 1 0 1024K

1 1 1 2048K

Note: *The WDT time-out period is dependent on the system clock frequency.

Period*

(Clock Cycles)PS2 PS1 PS0

The Watchdog Timer consists of a 14-bit timer with 7-bit programmable prescaler. Writing the sequence 1EH/E1H to the WDTRST register enables the timer. When the WDT is enabled, the WDTEN bit in WDTCON will be set to “1”. To prevent the WDT from generating a reset when if overflows, the watchdog feed sequence must be written to WDTRST before the end of the timeout period. To feed the watchdog, two write instructions must be sequentially executed successfully. Between the two write instructions, SFR reads are allowed, but writes are not allowed. The instructions should move 1EH to the WDTRST register and then 1EH to the WDTRST register. An incorrect feed or enable sequence will cause an immediate watchdog reset. The program sequence to feed or enable the watchdog timer is as follows:

3547J–MICRO–10/09

MOV WDTRST, #01Eh

MOV WDTRST, #0E1h

Table 21-2. WDTCON – Watchdog Control Register

WDTCON Address = A7H Reset Value = 0000 XX00B

Not Bit Addressable

PS2 PS1 PS0 WDIDLE

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

PS2 PS1 PS0

WDIDLE Disable/enable the Watchdog Timer in IDLE mode. When WDIDLE = 0, WDT continues to count in IDLE mode. When

WDTOVF Watchdog Overflow Flag. Set when a WDT reset is generated by the WDT timer overflow. Also set when an incorrect

WDTEN Watchdog Enable Flag. This bit is READ-ONLY and reflects the status of the WDT (whether it is running or not). The

Prescaler bits for the watchdog timer (WDT). When all three bits are cleared to 0, the watchdog timer has a nominal period of 16K clock cycles. When all three bits are set to 1, the nominal period is 2048K clock cycles.

WDIDLE = 1, WDT freezes while the device is in IDLE mode.

sequence is written to WDTRST. Must be cleared by software.

WDT is disabled after any reset and must be re-enabled by writing 1EH/E1H to WDTRST

– – WDTOVF WDTEN

Table 21-3. WDTRST – Watchdog Reset Register

WDTCON Address = A6H (Write-Only)

Not Bit Addressable

––––––––

Bit76543210

The WDT is enabled by writing the sequence 1EH/E1H to the WDTRST SFR. The current status may be checked by reading the WDTEN bit in WDTCON. To prevent the WDT from resetting the device, the same sequence 1EH/E1H must be written to WDTRST before the time-out interval expires.

22. Instruction Set Summary

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 is fully binary compatible with the MCS-51 instruction set. The difference between the AT89LP2052/LP4052 and the standard 8051 is the number of cycles required to execute an instruction. Instructions in the AT89LP2052/LP4052 may take 1, 2, 3 or 4 clock cycles to complete. The execution times of most instructions may be computed using

Table 22-1.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 22-1. Generic Instruction Execution Times and Exceptions

Instruction Type Cycle Count

Most arithmetic, logical, bit and transfer instructions # bytes

Branches and Calls # bytes + 1

Single Byte Indirect (i.e. ADD A, @Ri, etc.) 2

RET, RETI 4

MOVC 3

MUL 2

DIV 4

INC DPTR 2

Table 22-2. Detailed Arithmetic Instruction Summary

Clock Cycles

Arithmetic Instruction Bytes

ADD A, Rn 1 12 1 28-2F

ADD A, direct 2 12 2 25

8051 LP2052

Hex Code

ADD A, @Ri 1 12 2 26-27

ADD A, #data 2 12 2 24

ADDC A, Rn 1 12 1 38-3F

ADDC A, direct 2 12 2 35

ADDC A, @Ri 1 12 2 36-37

ADDC A, #data 2 12 2 34

SUBB A, Rn 1 12 1 98-9F

SUBB A, direct 2 12 2 95

SUBB A, @Ri 1 12 2 96-97

SUBB A, #data 2 12 2 94

INC Rn 1 12 1 08-0F

INC direct 2 12 2 05

INC @Ri 1 12 2 06-07

INC A 1 12 1 04

DEC Rn 1 12 1 18-1F

DEC direct 2 12 2 15

DEC @Ri 1 12 2 16-17

DEC A 1 12 1 14

3547J–MICRO–10/09

INC DPTR 1 24 2 A3

MUL AB 1 48 2 A4

DIV AB 1 48 4 84

DA A 1 12 1 D4

Table 22-3. Detailed Logical Instruction Summary

Clock Cycles

Logical Instruction Bytes

CLR A 1 12 1 E4

CPL A 1 12 1 F4

ANL A, Rn 1 12 1 58-5F

ANL A, direct 2 12 2 55

ANL A, @Ri 1 12 2 56-57

ANL A, #data 2 12 2 54

ANL direct, A 2 12 2 52

ANL direct, #data 3 24 3 53

ORL A, Rn 1 12 1 48-4F

ORL A, direct 2 12 2 45

ORL A, @Ri 1 12 2 46-47

ORL A, #data 2 12 2 44

ORL direct, A 2 12 2 42

ORL direct, #data 3 24 3 43

XRL A, Rn 1 12 1 68-6F

XRL A, direct 2 12 2 65

XRL A, @Ri 1 12 2 66-67

8051 LP2052

Hex Code

XRL A, #data 2 12 2 64

XRL direct, A 2 12 2 62

XRL direct, #data 3 24 3 63

RL A 1 12 1 23

RLC A 1 12 1 33

RR A 1 12 1 03

RRC A 1 12 1 13

SWAP A 1 12 1 C4

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 22-4. Detailed Data Transfer Instruction Summary

Clock Cycles

Data Transfer Instruction Bytes

MOV A, Rn 1 12 1 E8-EF

MOV A, direct 2 12 2 E5

MOV A, @Ri 1 12 2 E6-E7

MOV A, #data 2 12 2 74

MOV Rn, A 1 12 1 F8-FF

MOV Rn, direct 2 24 2 A8-AF

MOV Rn, #data 2 12 2 78-7F

MOV direct, A 2 12 2 F5

MOV direct, Rn 2 24 2 88-8F

MOV direct, direct 3 24 3 85

MOV direct, @Ri 2 24 2 86-87

MOV direct, #data 3 24 3 75

MOV @Ri, A 1 12 1 F6-F7

MOV @Ri, direct 2 24 2 A6-A7

8051 LP2052

Hex Code

MOV @Ri, #data 2 12 2 76-77

MOV DPTR, #data16 3 24 3 90

MOVC A, @A+DPTR 1 24 3 93

MOVC A, @A+PC 1 24 3 83

PUSH direct 2 24 2 C0

POP direct 2 24 2 D0

XCH A, Rn 1 12 1 C8-CF

XCH A, direct 2 12 2 C5

XCH A, @Ri 1 12 2 C6-C7

XCHD A, @Ri 1 12 2 D6-D7

Table 22-5. Detailed Bit Instruction Summary

Clock Cycles

Bit Instruction Bytes

CLR C 1 12 1 C3

CLR bit 2 12 2 C2

SETB C 1 12 1 D3

Hex Code8051 LP2052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Table 22-5. Detailed Bit Instruction Summary

Clock Cycles

Bit Instruction Bytes

SETB bit 2 12 2 D2

CPL C 1 12 1 B3

CPL bit 2 12 2 B2

ANL C, bit 2 24 2 82

ANL C, /bit 2242B0

ORL C, bit 2 24 2 72

ORL C, /bit 2242A0

MOV C, bit 2 12 2 A2

MOV bit, C 2 24 2 92

Hex Code8051 LP2052

Table 22-6. Detailed Branching Instruction Summary

Clock Cycles

Branching Instruction Bytes

JC rel 224340

JNC rel 2 24 3 50

JB bit, rel 3 24 4 20

JNB bit, rel 3 24 4 30

JBC bit, rel 3 24 4 10

JZ rel 224360

JNZ rel 224370

SJMP rel 2 24 3 80

ACALL addr11 2 24 3 11,31,51,7

LCALL addr16 3 24 4 12

RET 124422

RETI 124432

AJMP addr11 2 24 3 01,21,41,6

LJMP addr16 3 24 4 02

JMP @A+DPTR 1 24 2 73

CJNE A, direct, rel 3 24 4 B5

CJNE A, #data, rel 3 24 4 B4

CJNE Rn, #data, rel 3 24 4 B8-BF

CJNE @Ri, #data, rel 3 24 4 B6-B7

DJNZ Rn, rel 2 24 3 D8-DF

DJNZ direct, rel 3 24 4 D5

NOP 112100

Hex Code8051 LP2052

1,91,B1,D1

,F1

1,81,A1,C1

,E1

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23. Programming the Flash Memory

Input Preamble

(AAh)

Input Opcode

Input Address

High Byte

Input Address

Low Byte

Input/Output

Data

Address +1

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 offers 2/4K bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) non-volatile Flash code memory. In addition, the device contains a 32-byte User Signature Row and a 32-byte read-only Atmel Signature Row. The memory organization is shown in Table 23-1. The Memory is divided into pages of 32 bytes each. A single read or write command may only access a single page in the memory.

Table 23-1. Memory Organization

Device # Code Size Page Size # Pages Address Range

AT89LP2052 2K bytes 32 bytes 64 0000H - 07FFH

AT89LP4052 4K bytes 32 bytes 128 0000H - 0FFFH

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 provides two flexible interfaces for programming the Flash memory: a parallel interface which uses 10 pins; and a serial interface which uses the 4 SPI pins. The parallel and serial programming algorithms are identical. Both interfaces support the same command format where each command is issued to the device one byte at a time. Commands consist of a preamble byte for noise immunity, an opcode byte, two address bytes, and from 1 to 32 data bytes. Figure 23-1 shows a simplified flow chart of a command sequence.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Figure 23-1. Command Sequence Flow Chart

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.1 Programming Command Summary

Command Preamble Opcode Addr High Addr Low Data 0 Data n

Program Enable

(1)

Chip Erase 1010 1010 1000 1010

Read Status 1010 1010 0110 0000 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx Status Out

Load Code Page Buffer

Write Code Page

Read Code Page

Write User Fuses

Read User Fuses

Write Lock Bits

Read Lock Bits

(4)

Write User Signature Page

Read User Signature Page

Read Atmel Signature Page

(2)

(3)

(2)

(2)(5)

Notes: 1. Program Enable must be the first command issued after entering into programming mode.

2. Any number of Data bytes from 1 to 32 may be written/read. The internal address is incremented between each byte.

3. Fuse Bit Definitions:

1010 1010 1010 1100 0101 0011

1010 1010 0101 0001 xxxx xxxx xxxB BBBB DataIn 0 ... DataIn n

1010 1010 0101 0000 xxxx AAAA AAAB BBBB DataIn 0 ... DataIn n

1010 1010 0011 0000 xxxx AAAA AAAB BBBB DataOut 0 ... DataOut n

1010 1010 1110 0001 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx FFFF

1010 1010 0110 0001 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx FFFF

1010 1010 1110 0100 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxLL

1010 1010 0110 0100 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxLL

1010 1010 0101 0010 xxxx xxxx xxxB BBBB DataIn 0 ... DataIn n

1010 1010 0011 0010 xxxx xxxx xxxB BBBB DataOut 0 ... DataOut n

1010 1010 0011 1000 xxxx xxxx xxxB BBBB DataOut 0 ... DataOut n

Bit 0

ISP Enable*

Bit 1

XTAL Osc Bypass

Bit 2

User Row Programming

Bit 3

System Clock Out

Enable = 0/Disable = 1

*The AT89LP2052/LP4052 has ISP enabled by default from the factory. However, if ISP is later disabled, the ISP Enable Fuse must be enabled by using Parallel Programming before entering ISP mode.

When disabling the ISP fuse during ISP, the current ISP session will remain active until RST is brought low.

4. Lock Bit Definitions:

Bit 0

Bit 1

Lock Bit 1

Lock Bit 2

Locked = 0/Unlocked = 1

5. Atmel Signature Byte:

AT89LP2052: Address 00H = 1EH

01H = 25H

02H = FFH

AT89LP4052: Address 00H = 1EH

01H = 45H

02H = FFH

6. Symbol Key:

A: Page Address Bit

B: Byte Address Bit

F: Fuse Bit Data

L: Lock Bit Data

x: Don’t Care

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.2 Status Register

AT89LP2052/LP4052

The current state of the memory may be accessed by reading the status register. The status register is shown in Table 23-2.

Table 23-2.

Bit76543210

Symbol Function

LOAD

SUCCESS

WRTINH

BUSY

Status Register

––––

Load flag. Cleared low by the load page buffer command and set high by the next memory write. This flag signals that the page buffer was previously loaded with data by the load page buffer command.

Success flag. Cleared low at the start of a programming cycle and will only be set high if the programming cycle completes without interruption from the brownout detector.

Write Inhibit flag. Cleared low by the brownout detector (BOD) whenever programming is inhibited due to VCC falling below the minimum required programming voltage. If a BOD episode occurs during programming, the SUCCESS flag will remain low after the cycle is complete. WRTINH

Busy flag. Cleared low whenever the memory is busy programming or if write is currently inhibited.

low also forces BUSY low.

LOAD SUCCESS WRTINH BUSY

23.3 DATA Polling

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 implements DATA polling to indicate the end of a programming cycle. While the device is busy, any attempted read of the last byte written will return the data byte with the MSB complemented. Once the programming cycle has completed, the true value will be accessible. During Erase the data is assumed to be FFH and DATA When writing multiple bytes in a page, the DATA

value will be the last data byte loaded before

programming begins, not the written byte with the highest physical address within the page.

polling will return 7FH.

23.4 Parallel Programming

Parallel Programming Mode is enabled by applying VPP to the RST pin. The connections required during parallel mode are shown in Figure 23-2. During parallel programming, Port 1 is configured as an 8-bit wide bidirectional command bus. Data on P1 is strobed by a positive pulse on the XTAL1 pin. No other clock is required. The interface is enabled by pulling CS low. P3.1 acts as RDY/BSY of the state of CS

3547J–MICRO–10/09

(P3.2)

, and will be pulled low to indicate that the device is busy regardless

Figure 23-2. Flash Parallel Programming Device Connections

AT89LP2052/LP4052

VCC

RST

P3.1

X TAL 1

P3.2

GND

2.7 to 5.5V

R DY/BSY

DATA

AAh OPCODE ADDRH ADDRL DATAIN

XTAL1

AAh OPCODE ADDRH ADDRL DATAOUT

XTAL1

Note: Sampling of pin P3.1 (RDY/BSY) is optional. During Parallel Programming, P3.1 will be pulled low

while the device is busy. Note that it does not require an external passive pull-up to V

Figure 23-3. Parallel Write Command Sequence

Figure 23-4. Parallel Read Command Sequence

While CS is high, the interface is reset to its default state and P1 is tri-stated. CS should be brought low before the first byte of a command is issued, and should return high only after the last byte of the command has been strobed. Figure 23-3 shows a generic parallel write command sequence. Command, address, and data bytes are sampled from P1 on the rising edge of the XTAL1 pulse. Figure 23-4 shows a generic parallel read command sequence. Command and address bytes are sampled from P1 on the rising edge of the XTAL1 pulse. At the falling edge of the fourth XTAL1 pulse the device enables P1 to output data. The data remains on P1 until CS

is brought high. During reads the parallel programmer should tri-state P1 before the

negative edge of the fourth XTAL1 pulse to avoid bus contention.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.1 Power-up Sequence

RST

P3.2

XTAL1

HIGH ZP1

RST

P3.2

XTAL1

HIGH ZP1

Execute the following sequence to power-up the device before parallel programming.

1. Apply power between VCC and GND pins.

2. After V

3. Wait 2 ms for the internal Power-on Reset to time out.

4. Bring P3.2 to “H” and then wait 10 µs.

5. Raise RST/V

6. After V

Figure 23-5. Parallel Mode Power-up Operation

AT89LP2052/LP4052

has settled, wait 10 µs and bring RST to “H”.

to 12V to enable the parallel programming modes.

has settled, wait an additional 10 µs before programming.

23.4.2 Power-down Sequence

Execute the following sequence to power-down the device after parallel programming.

1. Tri-state P1.

2. Bring RST/V

3. Bring XTAL and P3.2 to “L”.

4. Bring RST to “L” and wait 10 µs.

5. Power off V

Figure 23-6. Parallel Mode Power-down Operation

Note: The waveforms on this page are not to scale.

down from 12V to VCC and wait 10 µs.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.3 Program Enable

AAh ACh 53h

XTAL1

AAh 8Ah

XTAL1

RDY/BSY

Function:

• Enables the programming interface to receive commands.

• Program Enable must be the first command issued in any programming session. In parallel programming a session is active while RST remains at V is active while RST remains at V

. In serial programming a session

Usage:

23.4.4 Chip Erase

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to ACh and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 53h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Bring CS

high.

Figure 23-7. Program Enable Sequence

Function:

• Erases (programs FFh to) the entire 2/4-Kbyte memory array.

• Erases User Signature Row if User Row Programming Fuse bit is enabled.

• Lockbit1 and Lockbit2 are programmed to “unlock” state.

Usage:

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 8Ah and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Bring CS

high.

5. Wait 4 ms, monitor P3.1, or poll data/status.

Figure 23-8. Chip Erase Sequence

Note: The waveforms on this page are not to scale.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.5 Load Code Page Buffer

AAh 51h 00h 000bbbbb DIN 0

XTAL1

P1 DIN 1 DIN n

Function:

• Loads 1 page (1 to 32 bytes) of data into the temporary page buffer but does not start programming.

• Use for interruptible loads or loading non-contiguous bytes to a page.

• The byte address (offset in page) is initialized to bits [4:0] of the low address byte. One byte of data is loaded from P1 for the current address by the positive edge of a XTAL1 pulse. The internal address is incremented by one on the negative edge of the XTAL1 pulse. The address will wrap around to the 1st byte of the page when incremented past 31, however previously loaded bytes should not be re-loaded.

• The Load Page Buffer command needs to be followed by a write command as the internal buffer is not cleared until either the next write has completed or the programming session ends.

• Clears Bit 3 of the status byte to signal that the buffer contains data.

Usage:

AT89LP2052/LP4052

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 51h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 with bits [4:0] of address and pulse XTAL1 high.

6. To load data bytes, drive data on P1 and pulse XTAL1 high to load one byte and incre-

ment to the next address. Repeat for additional bytes. Only 1-32 bytes may be programmed at one time, including any bytes loaded by a previous load page buffer command. Bytes should not be loaded more than once.

7. Bring CS

high.

Figure 23-9. Load Page Buffer Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.6 Write Code Page

AAh 50h 0000aaaa aaabbbbb DIN 0

XTAL1

P1 DIN 1 DIN n

RDY/BSY

Function:

Usage:

• Programs 1 page (1 to 32 bytes) of data into the Code Memory array.

• Page address determined by bits [11:5] of loaded address.

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 50h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 with bits [15:8] of address and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 with bits [7:0] of address and pulse XTAL1 high.

6. To write only previously loaded data, bring CS

high before loading additional bytes. To load data bytes, drive data on P1 and pulse XTAL1 high to load one byte and increment to the next address. Repeat for additional bytes. Only 1-32 bytes may be programmed at one time, including any bytes loaded by a previous load page buffer command. Bytes should not be loaded more than once.

7. Bring CS

high.

8. Wait 2 ms, monitor P3.1, or poll data/status.

Note: It is not possible to skip bytes while loading data during write. To load non-contiguous bytes in a

page, use the Load Page Buffer command.

Figure 23-10. Write Code Page Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.7 Read Code Page

AAh 30h 0000aaaa aaabbbbb DOUT 0

XTAL1

P1 DOUT 1 DOUTn

Function:

Usage:

AT89LP2052/LP4052

• Read 1 page (1 to 32 bytes) of data from the Code Memory array.

• Page address determined by bits [11:5] of loaded address.

• The byte address (offset in page) is initialized to bits [4:0] of the low address byte. The internal address is incremented by one on the negative edge of the XTAL1 pulse. The address will wrap around to the 1st byte of the page when incremented past 31.

• Read data will be output on P1 after the falling edge of fourth XTAL1 pulse (address low byte strobe). The programmer should tri-state P1 prior to this edge to avoid bus contention on P1.

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 30h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 with bits [15:8] of address and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 with bits [7:0] of address and bring XTAL1 high.

6. Tri-state P1.

7. Bring XTAL1 low.

8. Read data from P1.

9. To read additional data bytes in the page, pulse XTAL1 high to increment to the next

address.

10. Drive CS

high.

Figure 23-11. Read Code Page Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.8 Write User Signature Page

AAh 52h 00h 000bbbbb DIN 0

XTAL1

P1 DIN 1 DIN n

RDY/BSY

Function:

• Programs 1 to 32 bytes of data into the User Signature Row.

• The User Row Programming Fuse must be enabled before writing to the User Signature Row.

Usage:

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 52h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 with bits [4:0] of address and pulse XTAL1 high.

6. To write only previously loaded data, bring CS

7. Bring CS

high.

8. Wait 2 ms, monitor P3.1, or poll data/status.

Note: It is not possible to skip bytes while loading data during write. To load non-contiguous bytes in a

page, use the Load Page Buffer command.

Figure 23-12. Write User Signature Page Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.9 Read User Signature Page

AAh 32h 00h 000bbbbb DOUT 0

XTAL1

P1 DOUT 1 DOUTn

Function:

• Read 1 to 32 bytes of data from the User Signature Row.

• Read data will be output on P1 after the falling edge of fourth XTAL1 pulse (address low byte strobe). The programmer should tri-state P1 prior to this edge to avoid bus contention on P1.

Usage:

AT89LP2052/LP4052

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 32h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 with bits [4:0] of address and bring XTAL1 high.

6. Tri-state P1.

7. Bring XTAL1 low.

8. Read data from P1.

9. To read additional data bytes in the page, pulse XTAL1 high to increment to the next

address.

10. Drive CS

high.

Figure 23-13. Read User Signature Page Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.10 Read Atmel Signature Page

AAh 38h 00h 000bbbbb DOUT 0

XTAL1

P1 DOUT 1 DOUTn

Function:

• Read 1 to 32 bytes of data from the Atmel Signature Row.

• Read data will be output on P1 after the falling edge of fourth XTAL1 pulse (address low byte strobe). The programmer should tri-state P1 prior to this edge to avoid bus contention on P1.

Usage:

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 38h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 with bits [4:0] of address and bring XTAL1 high.

6. Tri-state P1.

7. Bring XTAL1 low.

8. Read data from P1.

9. To read additional data bytes in the page, pulse XTAL1 high to increment to the next

address.

10. Drive CS

high.

Figure 23-14. Read Atmel Signature Page Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.11 Write Lock Bits

AAh E4h 00h 00h 111111LL

XTAL1

RDY/BSY

AAh 64h 00h 00h 111111LL

XTAL1

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Function:

• Program (lock) Lock Bits 1 and 2.

Usage:

23.4.12 Read Lock Bits

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to E4h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

6. Drive data on P1 and pulse XTAL1 high.

7. Drive CS

high.

8. Wait 4 ms, monitor P3.1, or poll data/status.

Figure 23-15. Write Lock Bits Sequence

Function:

• Read status of Lock Bits 1 and 2.

Usage:

3547J–MICRO–10/09

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to 0xAA and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 0x64 and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 0x00 and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 to 0x00 and bring XTAL1 high.

6. Tri-state P1.

7. Bring XTAL1 low.

8. Read data from P1.

9. Drive CS

high.

Figure 23-16. Read Lock Bits Sequence

Note: The waveforms on this page are not to scale.

23.4.13 Write User Fuses

AAh E1h 00h 00h 1111FFFF

XTAL1

RDY/BSY

AAh 61h 00h 00h 1111FFFF

XTAL1

Function:

Usage:

• Program User Fuses.

• Unimplemented bits should always be written with 1s.

Figure 23-17. Write User Fuses Sequence

23.4.14 Read User Fuses Function:

Usage:

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to AAh and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to E1h and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 to 00h and pulse XTAL1 high.

6. Drive data on P1 and pulse XTAL1 high.

7. Drive CS

high.

8. Wait 4 ms, monitor P3.1, or poll data/status.

• Read status of User Fuses

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to 0xAA and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 0x61 and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 0x00 and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 to 0x00 and bring XTAL1 high.

6. Tri-state P1.

7. Bring XTAL1 low.

8. Read data from P1.

9. Drive CS

high.

Figure 23-18. Read User Fuses Sequence

Note: The waveforms on this page are not to scale.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.4.15 Read Status

AAh 60h 00h 00h 1111SSSS

XTAL1

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Function:

• Read memory status byte.

Usage:

1. Bring CS

(P3.2) low.

2. Drive P1 to 0xAA and pulse XTAL1 high.

3. Drive P1 to 0x60 and pulse XTAL1 high.

4. Drive P1 to 0x00 and pulse XTAL1 high.

5. Drive P1 to 0x00 and bring XTAL1 high.

6. Tri-state P1.

7. Bring XTAL1 low.

8. Read data from P1.

9. Drive CS

high.

Figure 23-19. Read Status Sequence

Note: The waveform on this page is not to scale.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 23-20. Flash Programming and Verification Waveforms in Parallel Mode

VCC

RST

P3.2/CS

XTAL1

PORT1 (WRITE)

P3.1/RDY/BSY

PORT1 (READ)

PWRUP

POR

CSTP

HSTL

CLXH

XTH

XTL

DSTP

DHLD

Opcode

Preamble

Addrh

Addrl

Datain

XLDO

XLDV

Dataout 0 Dataout n

CHDZ

XLCH

CHBL

WRC

ERS

BHPG

{Erase/Write}

BHHL

HSTL

CLRL

PWRDN

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 23-3. Parallel Flash Programming and Verification Parameters

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

PPH

PPL

PWRUP

POR

CSTP

HSTL

CLXH

XTH

XTL

DSTP

DHLD

XLDO

XLDV

XLCH

CHDZ

CHBL

WRC

ERS

BHPG

BHHl

CLRL

PWRDN

Programming Enable Input High Voltage 11.5 12.5 V

Programming Enable Input Low Voltage -0.5 V

Programming Enable Current 1.0 mA

Power-on to RST High 10 µs

Power-on Reset Time 2 ms

CS Setup to VPP High 10 µs

High Voltage Setting time 10 µs

CS Low to XTAL1 High 100 ns

XTAL1 High Width 125 ns

XTAL1 Low Width 75 ns

Data Setup to XTAL1 High 50 ns

Data Hold after XTAL1 High 50 ns

XTAL1 Low to Data Out 20 ns

XTAL1 Low to Data Valid 100 ns

XTAL1 Low to CS High 100 ns

CS High to Data Tri-state 20 ns

CS High to BUSY Low 3 µs

Write Cycle Time 4.5 ms

Erase Cycle Time 9 ms

BUSY High to Next Erase/Write 3 µs

BUSY High to VPP Off 10 µs

CS Low to RST Low 1 µs

RST Low to Power Off 1 µs

23.5 In-System Programming (ISP)

The AT89LP2052/LP4052 offers a serial programming interface which may be used in place of the parallel programming interface or to program the device while in system. In this document serial programming and In-System Programming (ISP) refer to the same interface. ISP supports the same command set as parallel programming. However, during ISP command bytes are entered serially over the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) pins. The device connections are shown in Figure 23-21. The ISP Enable User Fuse must be enabled through Parallel Program- ming prior to entering the first ISP session. ISP itself may disable the ISP Fuse, however any changes to the ISP fuses will not take affect until the device has been powered down and up again. The programmer must take care not to accidentally disable the ISP Fuse as this will make the device unprogrammable through the serial interface. Only Parallel Programming may reenable the fuse.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 23-21. ISP/Serial Programming Device Connections

AT89LP2052/LP4052

VCC

RST

P1.7/SCK

P1.5/MOSI

GND

2.7 to 5.5V

Serial Clock

Ser ial In

P1.4/SS

P1.6/MISOSerial Out

RST

SCK

HIGH ZMISO

HIGH ZMOSI

Note: SCK frequency should be less than 5 MHz.

23.5.1 Power-up Sequence

Execute this sequence to power-up the device before serial programming.

1. Apply power between VCC and GND pins.

2. Keep SCK (P1.7) and SS

3. Wait 10 µs and bring RST and SS

4. Wait at least 2 ms for internal Power-on Reset to time out.

Figure 23-22. Serial Programming Power-up Sequence

(P1.4) at “L”.

to “H”.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.5.2 Power-down Sequence

RST

SCK

HIGH ZMISO

HIGH ZMOSI

RST

SCK

HIGH ZMOSI

HIGH ZMISO

XTAL1

Execute this sequence to power-down the device after serial programming.

1. Tri-state MOSI (P1.5).

2. Bring SCK (P1.7) to “L”.

3. Bring RST to “L”.

4. Bring SS

5. Power off Vcc.

Figure 23-23. Serial Programming Power-down Sequence

AT89LP2052/LP4052

(P1.4) to “L”

Note: The waveforms on this page are not to scale.

23.5.3 ISP Start Sequence

Execute this sequence to enter ISP when the device is already operational.

1. Bring SS

2. Tri-state MISO (P1.6).

3. Bring RST to “H”.

4. Bring SCK (P1.7) to “L”.

Figure 23-24. In-System Programming (ISP) Start Sequence

(P1.4) to “H”.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.5.4 ISP Exit Sequence

RST

SCK

HIGH Z

MOSI

HIGH Z

MISO

XTAL1

MOSI

MISO

SCK

Data Sampled

Execute this sequence to exit ISP and resume execution.

1. Bring SS

2. Tri-state MOSI (P1.5).

3. Tri-state SCK (P1.7).

4. Bring RST to “L”.

5. Tri-state SS

Figure 23-25. In-System Programming (ISP) Exit Sequence

Note: The waveforms on this page are not to scale.

(P1.4) to “H”.

23.5.5 ISP Byte Sequence

The ISP byte sequence is shown in Figure 23-26.

• Data shifts in/out MSB first.

• MISO changes at falling edge of SCK.

• MOSI is sampled at rising edge of SCK.

Figure 23-26. ISP Byte Sequence

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

23.5.6 ISP Command Sequence

70654321 7 0654321 7 0654321 7 0654321

70654321

SCK

MOSI

MISO

Preamble Opcode Address High Address Low Data In

Data Out

X X X

The ISP multi-byte command sequence is shown in Figure 23-27.

•SS

should be brought low before the first byte in a command is sent and brought back high after the final byte in the command has been sent. The command is not complete until SS returns high.

• Command bytes are issued serially on MOSI (P1.5).

• Data bytes are output serially on MISO (P1.6).

Figure 23-27. ISP Command Sequence

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 23-4. Serial Programming Interface Parameters

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

SCK

SHSL

SLSH

SIS

SIH

SOH

SOV

SOE

SOX

SSE

SSD

WRC

ERS

Serial Clock Cycle Time 200 ns

Clock High Time 100 ns

Clock Low Time 50 ns

Rise Time 25 ns

Fall Time 25 ns

Serial Input Setup Time 10 ns

Serial Input Hold Time 10 ns

Serial Output Hold Time 10 ns

Serial Output Valid Time 35 ns

Output Enable Time 10 ns

Output Disable Time 25 ns

SS Enable Lead Time 100 ns

SS Disable Lag Time 100 ns

Wire Cycle Time 4.5 ms

Erase Cycle Time 9 ms

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 23-28. Serial Programming Interface Timing

SSE

SLSH

SOV

SOX

SSD

SCK

SHSL

SOE

SOH

SIH

SIS

SCK

MISO

MOSI

24. Electrical Characteristics

24.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings*

Operating Temperature ................................... -40°C to +85°C

Storage Temperature ..................................... -65°C to +150°C

Voltage on Any Pin with Respect to Ground ...... -0.7V to +6.2V

Maximum Operating Voltage ............................................ 5.5V

DC Output Current...................................................... 15.0 mA

Note: Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maxi-

mum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

24.2 DC Characteristics

TA = -40°C to 85°C, VCC = 2.4V to 5.5V (unless otherwise noted)

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Max Units

IL1

IH1

OH1

Input Low-voltage (Except RST) -0.5 0.25 V

Input Low-voltage (RST) -0.5 0.3 V

Input High-voltage (Except RST) 0.65 V

Input High-voltage (RST) 0.6 V

Output Low-voltage (Ports 1, 3)

(1)

IOL = 10 mA, VCC = 2.7V, TA = 85°C 0.5 V

+ 0.5 V

IOH = -80 µA, VCC = 5V ± 10% 2.4 V Output High-voltage (Ports 1, 3) using Weak Pull-up

(2)

Output High-voltage (Ports 1, 3) using Strong Pull-up

Logic 0 Input Current

(3)

(2)

(Ports 1, 3)

Logic 1 to 0 Transition Current (Ports 1, 3)

= -30 µA 0.75 V

= -12 µA 0.9 V

IOH = -10 mA, TA = 85°C 0.9 V

= 0.45V -50 µA

(2)

= 2V, VCC = 5V ± 10% -300 µA

Input-Only Leakage Current 0 < VIN < V

±10 µA

Comparator Input Offset Voltage VCC = 5V 20 mV

Comparator Input Common Mode Voltage

RRST Reset Pull-down Resistor 50 150 kΩ

Pin Capacitance Test Freq. = 1 MHz, TA = 25°C 10 pF

Active Mode, 12 MHz, VCC = 5.5V/3V 5.5/3.5 mA Power Supply Current

Idle Mode, 12 MHz, V

Power-down Mode

(4)

VCC = 5.5V 5 µA

= 3V 2 µA

= 5.5V/3V 3/2 mA

Notes: 1. Under steady state (non-transient) conditions, IOL must be externally limited as follows:

Maximum I

per port pin: 10 mA

Maximum total IOL for all output pins: 15 mA

exceeds the test condition, VOL may exceed the related specification. Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater

If I

than the listed test conditions.

2. Port in Quasi-Bidirectional Mode

3. Port in Push-Pull Output Mode

4. Minimum V

for Power-down is 2V.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

24.3 Serial Peripheral Interface Timing

Table 24-1. SPI Master Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

CLCL

SCK

SHSL

SLSH

SIS

SIH

SOH

SOV

Table 24-2. SPI Slave Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

CLCL

SCK

SHSL

SLSH

SIS

SIH

SOH

SOV

SOE

SOX

SSE

SSD

Oscillator Period 41.6 ns

Serial Clock Cycle Time 4t

Clock High Time t

Clock Low Time t

CLCL

/2 - 25 ns

SCK

/2 - 25 ns

SCK

Rise Time 25 ns

Fall Time 25 ns

Serial Input Setup Time 10 ns

Serial Input Hold Time 10 ns

Serial Output Hold Time 10 ns

Serial Output Valid Time 35 ns

Oscillator Period 41.6 ns

Serial Clock Cycle Time 4t

Clock High Time 1.5 t

Clock Low Time 1.5 t

CLCL

- 25 ns

CLCL

- 25 ns

CLCL

Rise Time 25 ns

Fall Time 25 ns

Serial Input Setup Time 10 ns

Serial Input Hold Time 10 ns

Serial Output Hold Time 10 ns

Serial Output Valid Time 35 ns

Output Enable Time 10 ns

Output Disable Time 25 ns

Slave Enable Lead Time 10 ns

Slave Disable Lag Time 0 ns

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 24-1. SPI Master Timing (CPHA = 0)

SCK

(CPOL = 0)

SCK

(CPOL = 1)

MISO

MOSI

SCK

SLSH

SHSL

SOH

SIS

SIH

SOV

SSE

SLSH

SHSL

SOV

SOX

SSD

SCK

SLSH

SHSL

SOE

SOH

SIH

SIS

SCK

(CPOL = 0)

SCK

(CPOL= 1)

MISO

MOSI

SHSL

SLSH

SHSL

SLSH

SCK

SOH

SIS

SOV

SIH

SCK

(CPOL = 0)

SCK

(CPOL = 1)

MISO

MOSI

Figure 24-2. SPI Slave Timing (CPHA = 0)

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Figure 24-3. SPI Master Timing (CPHA = 1)

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Figure 24-4. SPI Slave Timing (CPHA = 1)

SCK

(CPOL = 0)

SCK

(CPOL = 1)

MISO

MOSI

SCK

SSE

SHSL

SLSH

SSD

SIH

SIS

SOE

SOV

SOH

SOX

24.4 External Clock Drive

Figure 24-5. External Clock Drive Waveform

Table 24-3. External Clock Drive Parameters

Symbol Parameter

1/t

CLCL

CHCX

CLCX

CLCH

CHCL

CLCL

Oscillator Frequency 0 20 MHz

Clock Period 50 ns

High Time 12 ns

Low Time 12 ns

Rise Time 5 ns

Fall Time 5ns

AT89LP2052/LP4052

= 2.4V to 5.5V

UnitsMin Max

3547J–MICRO–10/09

01234567

VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID

CLOCK

WRITE TO SBUF

OUTPUT DATA

CLEAR RI

INPUT DATA

24.5 Serial Port Timing: Shift Register Mode

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Table 24-4. Serial Port Shift Register Timing Parameters

(1)

Variable Oscillator

Symbol Parameter

XLXL

QVXH

XHQX

XHDX

XHDV

Serial Port Clock Cycle Time 2t

Output Data Setup to Clock Rising Edge t

Output Data Hold after Clock Rising Edge t

CLCL

Input Data Hold after Clock Rising Edge 0 ns

Input Data Valid to Clock Rising Edge 15 ns

Note: 1. The values in this table are valid for VCC = 2.4V to 5.5V and Load Capacitance = 80 pF.

Figure 24-6. Shift Register Mode Timing Waveforms

UnitsMin Max

-15 µs

-15 ns

24.6 Test Conditions

24.6.1 AC Testing Input/Output Waveforms

Note: 1. AC Inputs during testing are driven at VCC - 0.5V for a logic “1” and 0.45V for a logic “0”. Timing measurements are made at

24.6.2 Float Waveforms

Note: 1. For timing purposes, a port pin is no longer floating when a 100 mV change from load voltage occurs. A port pin begins to

3547J–MICRO–10/09

(1)

min. for a logic “1” and VIL max. for a logic “0”.

(1)

float when 100 mV change from the loaded V

OH/VOL

level occurs.

24.6.3 ICC Test Condition, Active Mode, All Other Pins are Disconnected

VCC - 0.5V

0.45V

0.2 V

- 0.1V

0.7 V

CHCX

CLCH

CHCL

CLCL

RST

P1, P3

24.6.4 I

Test Condition, Idle Mode, All Other Pins are Disconnected

24.6.5 Clock Signal Waveform for I

(NC)

CLOCK SIGNAL

XTAL2

XTAL1 GND

RST

P1, P3

(NC)

CLOCK SIGNAL

XTAL2

XTAL1 GND

Tests in Active and Idle Modes, t

CLCH

= t

CHCL

= 5 ns

24.6.6 I

Test Condition, Power-down Mode, All Other Pins are Disconnected, VCC = 2V to 5.5V

RST

P1, P3

(NC)

XTAL2

XTAL1 GND

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

25. Ordering Information

25.1 Green Package Option (Pb/Halide-free)

Speed

(MHz)

20 2.4V to 5.5V

Power

Supply Ordering Code Package Operation Range

AT89LP2052-20PU AT89LP2052-20SU AT89LP2052-20XU

AT89LP4052-20PU AT89LP4052-20SU

AT89LP4052-20XU

20P3 20S2

20X

20P3 20S2

20X

AT89LP2052/LP4052

Industrial

(-40⋅ C to 85⋅ C)

Package Type

20P3 20-lead, 0.300” Wide, Plastic Dual In-line Package (PDIP)

20S2 20-lead, 0.300” Wide, Plastic Gull Wing Small Outline (SOIC)

20X 20-lead, 4.4 mm Body Width, Plastic Thin Shrink Small Outline Package (TSSOP)

3547J–MICRO–10/09

26. Packaging Information

2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131

TITLE

DRAWING NO.

REV.

20P3, 20-lead (0.300"/7.62 mm Wide) Plastic Dual

Inline Package (PDIP)

20P3

1/23/04

SEATING PLANE

COMMON DIMENSIONS

(Unit of Measure = mm)

SYMBOL

MIN

NOM

MAX

NOTE

A – – 5.334

A1 0.381 – –

D 24.892 – 26.924 Note 2

E 7.620 – 8.255

E1 6.096 – 7.112 Note 2

B 0.356 – 0.559

B1 1.270 – 1.551

L 2.921 – 3.810

C 0.203 – 0.356

eB – – 10.922

eC 0.000 – 1.524

e 2.540 TYP

Notes: 1. This package conforms to JEDEC reference MS-001, Variation AD.

2. Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold Flash or Protrusion. Mold Flash or Protrusion shall not exceed 0.25 mm (0.010").

26.1 20P3 – PDIP

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

26.2 20S2 – SOIC

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

26.3 20X – TSSOP

2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131

TITLE

DRAWING NO.

REV.

20X, (Formerly 20T), 20-lead, 4.4 mm Body Width,

Plastic Thin Shrink Small Outline Package (TSSOP)

20X

10/23/03

6.60 (.260)

6.40 (.252)

1.20 (0.047) MAX

0.65 (.0256) BSC

0.20 (0.008)

0.09 (0.004)

0.15 (0.006)

0.05 (0.002)

INDEX MARK

6.50 (0.256)

6.25 (0.246)

SEATING PLANE

4.50 (0.177)

4.30 (0.169)

0.75 (0.030)

0.45 (0.018)

0º ~ 8º

0.30 (0.012)

0.19 (0.007)

Dimensions in Millimeters and (Inches). Controlling dimension: Millimeters. JEDEC Standard MO-153 AC

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

27. Revision History

Revision A – March 2005 • Initial Release

Revision B – June 2005 • Last paragraph in Section 13.2 on page 15 was inserted.

• In Table 16-3 on page 26, changed the SFR address for TCONB from 88H to 91H.

• Changed the Maximum Bit Frequency from f/2 to f/4 in the

“Serial Peripheral Interface” on page 42.

• In the “SPI Block Diagram” on page 43, the 16-bit reference was deleted

Revision C – August 2005

Revision D – April 2006 • Added ROHS compliant device offerings.

from Shift Register box.

• In the “SPSR – SPI Status Register” on page 46, the Divider ratios were changed to the following:

• Replaced CM3 with CM2 in Bit 2 of register ACSR (page 50)

• In the “Programming Command Summary” on page 58, several changes were

made in specific bit positions within the Addr High, Addr Low and Data 0 columns.

÷4÷8÷32÷64

Revision E – June 2006

Revision F – June 2006 • In Table 6-1 on page 6, changed the SFR address of SPDR from 85H to 86H.

Revision G – April 2007

Revision H – May 2007

Revision I – June 2008 • Removed Standard Packaging Offering.

Revision J – Oct. 2009

• In pages 1, 82 and 83, the reference to VCC = 2.7V were changed to 2.4V. On page 79 the maximum rating for the operating temperature was changed from +125⋅ C to +85⋅ C.

• In section 7.8 ”Reset” on page 8 changed the polarity of the RST input signal requirement from low to high.

• Added Section 11. “Oscillator Characteristics” on page 11.

• Changed TMOD to TCON (Table 16-1 on page 27).

• Changed SPI = 1 and SPI = 0 to SPE = 1 and SPE = 0 (Table 19-1 on page 45).

• Added R1 option to oscillator connection diagram Figure 11-1 on page 11.

• Added related oscillator amplitude graphs Figures 11-3 and 11-5.

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

AT89LP2052/LP4052

1. Description ............................................................................................... 1

2. Pin Configuration ..................................................................................... 2

2.1 20-lead PDIP/SOIC/TSSOP .................................................................................. 2

3. Pin Description ......................................................................................... 3

4. Block Diagram .......................................................................................... 4

5. Memory Organization .............................................................................. 4

5.1 Program Memory ................................................................................................... 4

5.2 Data Memory ......................................................................................................... 5

6. Special Function Registers ..................................................................... 6

7. Comparison to Standard 8051 ................................................................ 7

7.1 System Clock ........................................................................................................ 7

7.2 Instruction Execution with Single-cycle Fetch ....................................................... 7

7.3 Interrupt Handling ..................................................................................................7

7.4 Timer/Counters ......................................................................................................7

7.5 Serial Port .............................................................................................................. 7

7.6 Watchdog Timer ....................................................................................................7

7.7 I/O Ports ................................................................................................................ 8

7.8 Reset .....................................................................................................................8

8. Enhanced CPU ......................................................................................... 8

9. Restrictions on Certain Instructions .................................................... 10

9.1 Branching Instructions .........................................................................................10

9.2 MOVX-related Instructions, Data Memory ...........................................................10

10. System Clock ......................................................................................... 10

10.1 Crystal Oscillator ................................................................................................. 10

10.2 External Clock Source ......................................................................................... 10

10.3 System Clock Out ................................................................................................ 10

3547J–MICRO–10/09

11. Oscillator Characteristics ..................................................................... 11

12. Reset ....................................................................................................... 14

12.1 Power-on Reset ...................................................................................................14

12.2 Brown-out Reset ..................................................................................................14

Table of Contents (Continued)

12.3 External Reset ..................................................................................................... 14

12.4 Watchdog Reset .................................................................................................. 14

13. Power Saving Modes ............................................................................. 14

13.1 Idle Mode .............................................................................................................15

13.2 Power-down Mode ..............................................................................................15

14. Interrupts ................................................................................................ 16

14.1 Interrupt Response Time ..................................................................................... 17

15. I/O Ports .................................................................................................. 20

15.1 Quasi-bidirectional Output ................................................................................... 20

15.2 Input-only Mode ................................................................................................... 21

15.3 Open-drain Output ............................................................................................... 22

15.4 Push-pull Output .................................................................................................. 22

15.5 Port 1 Analog Functions ......................................................................................22

15.6 Port Read-Modify-Write ....................................................................................... 23

15.7 Port Alternate Functions ...................................................................................... 23

16. Enhanced Timer/Counters .................................................................... 24

16.1 Mode 0 ................................................................................................................24

16.2 Mode 1 ................................................................................................................25

16.3 Mode 2 ................................................................................................................26

16.4 Mode 3 ................................................................................................................26

16.5 Pulse Width Modulation ....................................................................................... 29

16.6 Timer/Counter Pin Configuration .........................................................................30

17. External Interrupts ................................................................................. 30

18. Serial Interface ....................................................................................... 31

18.1 Multiprocessor Communications .........................................................................31

18.2 Baud Rates ..........................................................................................................33

18.3 More About Mode 0 ............................................................................................. 34

18.4 More About Mode 1 ............................................................................................. 36

18.5 More About Modes 2 and 3 ................................................................................. 38

18.6 Framing Error Detection ......................................................................................41

18.7 Automatic Address Recognition ..........................................................................41

AT89LP2052/LP4052

3547J–MICRO–10/09

Table of Contents (Continued)

19. Serial Peripheral Interface ..................................................................... 42

19.1 Normal Mode ....................................................................................................... 44

19.2 Enhanced Mode ..................................................................................................44

19.3 Serial Clock Generator ........................................................................................47

19.4 SPI Pin Configuration ..........................................................................................48

20. Analog Comparator ............................................................................... 49

20.1 Comparator Interrupt with Debouncing ...............................................................49

21. Programmable Watchdog Timer ........................................................... 51

22. Instruction Set Summary ...................................................................... 52

23. Programming the Flash Memory .......................................................... 57

23.1 Programming Command Summary ..................................................................... 58

23.2 Status Register .................................................................................................... 59

AT89LP2052/LP4052

23.3 DATA Polling .......................................................................................................59

23.4 Parallel Programming .......................................................................................... 59

23.5 In-System Programming (ISP) ............................................................................73

24. Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................... 78

24.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings* ............................................................................... 78

24.2 DC Characteristics ..............................................................................................79

24.3 Serial Peripheral Interface Timing ......................................................................80

24.4 External Clock Drive ............................................................................................ 82

24.5 Serial Port Timing: Shift Register Mode ..............................................................83

24.6 Test Conditions ...................................................................................................83

25. Ordering Information ............................................................................. 85

25.1 Green Package Option (Pb/Halide-free) ............................................................. 85

26. Packaging Information .......................................................................... 86

26.1 20P3 – PDIP ........................................................................................................86

26.2 20S2 – SOIC ......................................................................................................87

26.3 20X – TSSOP ...................................................................................................... 88

3547J–MICRO–10/09

27. Revision History ..................................................................................... 89

iii

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3547J–MICRO–10/09

Atmel AT89LP2052, AT89LP4052 Datasheet

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Features

1. Description

2. Pin Configuration

2.1 20-lead PDIP/SOIC/TSSOP

3. Pin Description

4. Block Diagram

5. Memory Organization

5.1 Program Memory

5.2 Data Memory

6. Special Function Registers

7. Comparison to Standard 8051

7.1 System Clock

7.2 Instruction Execution with Single-cycle Fetch

7.3 Interrupt Handling

7.4 Timer/Counters

7.5 Serial Port

7.6 Watchdog Timer

7.7 I/O Ports

7.8 Reset

8. Enhanced CPU

9. Restrictions on Certain Instructions

9.1 Branching Instructions

9.2 MOVX-related Instructions, Data Memory

10. System Clock

10.1 Crystal Oscillator

10.2 External Clock Source

10.3 System Clock Out

11. Oscillator Characteristics

12. Reset

12.1 Power-on Reset

12.2 Brown-out Reset

12.3 External Reset

12.4 Watchdog Reset

13. Power Saving Modes

13.1 Idle Mode

13.2 Power-down Mode

14. Interrupts

14.1 Interrupt Response Time

15. I/O Ports

15.1 Quasi-bidirectional Output

15.2 Input-only Mode

15.3 Open-drain Output

15.4 Push-pull Output

15.5 Port 1 Analog Functions

15.6 Port Read-Modify-Write

15.7 Port Alternate Functions

16. Enhanced Timer/Counters

16.1 Mode 0

16.2 Mode 1

16.3 Mode 2

16.4 Mode 3

16.5 Pulse Width Modulation

16.6 Timer/Counter Pin Configuration

17. External Interrupts

18. Serial Interface

18.1 Multiprocessor Communications

18.2 Baud Rates

18.3 More About Mode 0

18.4 More About Mode 1

18.5 More About Modes 2 and 3

18.6 Framing Error Detection

18.7 Automatic Address Recognition

19. Serial Peripheral Interface

19.1 Normal Mode

19.2 Enhanced Mode

19.3 Serial Clock Generator

19.4 SPI Pin Configuration

20. Analog Comparator

20.1 Comparator Interrupt with Debouncing

21. Programmable Watchdog Timer

22. Instruction Set Summary

23. Programming the Flash Memory

23.1 Programming Command Summary

23.2 Status Register

23.3 DATA Polling

23.4 Parallel Programming