Atlas Copco XAS96JD Instruction Book
Atlas Copco Portable Compressors
XAS96
Instruction Book
1310 3011 08 Ed. 0 1998-06
“Copyright 1998, Atlas Copco Compressors, Inc. Holyoke, Massachusetts
Any unauthorized use or copying of the contents or any part of this book is prohibited.
This applies in particular to trademarks, model denominations, part numbers and
drawings.”
No. 1310 3011 08 Ed. 0
1998-06
OWNERSHIP DATA
Unit model: Owner's machine no.:
Engine type: Unit service no.:
Delivery date: Engine serial no.:
Service plan: First start-up date:
Selected Lubricants
Compressor: Capacity:
Bearing grease type, electric motor:
Printed Matter Nos.
Atlas Copco instruction book / rev: Atlas Copco logbook:
Atlas Copco parts list / rev: Engine parts list:
Local Atlas Copco Representative
Name:
Address:
Telephone: Contact persons: Service:
Telefax: Parts:
2 1310 3011 08
Table of Contents
1 Safety Precautions for Portable Compressors............................................................................................... 4
1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 General Safety Precautions ................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.3 Safety during use and operation .......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Safety During Maintenance and Repair ...............................................................................................................................6
1.5 Tool Applications Safety .....................................................................................................................................................7
1.6 Batteries .............................................................................................................................................................................7
1.7 Ether fuel Systems .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.8 Pressure vessels ..................................................................................................................................................................8
1.9 Safety valve........................................................................................................................................................................8
1.10 Injury Prevention................................................................................................................................................................ 8
2 Leading Particulars.................................................................................................................................... 10
2.1 Description of Safety Pictograms Used in this Manual .......................................................................................................10
2.2 General Description..........................................................................................................................................................10
2.3 Main Parts ........................................................................................................................................................................11
2.4 Air Flow (See Fig. 2.3) .....................................................................................................................................................12
2.5 Oil system (see Fig. 2.3) ...................................................................................................................................................13
2.6 Continuous regulating system (see Fig. 2.3) ......................................................................................................................13
2.7 Electrical System ..............................................................................................................................................................14
3 Operating Instructions............................................................................................................................... 16
3.1 Parking, Towing And Lifting Instructions .........................................................................................................................16
3.2 Before Starting .................................................................................................................................................................16
3.3 Starting/Stopping..............................................................................................................................................................17
3.4 During Operation.............................................................................................................................................................. 17
4 Maintenance..............................................................................................................................................18
4.1 Use of Service Paks ..........................................................................................................................................................18
4.2 Preventive Maintenance Schedule For The Compressor.....................................................................................................18
4.3 Lubrication oils.................................................................................................................................................................19
4.4 Oil Level Check................................................................................................................................................................19
4.5 Oil And Oil Filter Change.................................................................................................................................................20
4.6 Cleaning Coolers ..............................................................................................................................................................20
4.7 Battery Care .....................................................................................................................................................................20
4.8 Storage.............................................................................................................................................................................21
4.9 Service Kits......................................................................................................................................................................21
5 Adjustments and Servicing Procedures...................................................................................................... 22
5.1 Adjustment of the Continuous Regulating System .............................................................................................................22
5.2 Air Filter Engine/Compressor ...........................................................................................................................................23
5.3 Air Receiver .....................................................................................................................................................................23
5.4 Safety Valve .....................................................................................................................................................................23
5.5 Fuel System......................................................................................................................................................................24
6 Problem Solving ........................................................................................................................................ 25
6.1 Problem Solving Chart......................................................................................................................................................25
6.2 Alternator Precautions ......................................................................................................................................................25
7 Principal Data............................................................................................................................................ 28
1310 3011 08 3
1 Safety Precautions for Portable Compressors
To be read attentively and acted accordingly before towing, lifting, operating,
performing maintenance or repairing the compressor
1.1 Introduction
The policy of Atlas Copco is to provide the users of their
equipment with safe, reliable and efficient products.
Factors taken into account are among others:
- the intended and predictable future use of the
products, and the environments in which they are
expected to operate,
- applicable rules, codes and regulations,
- the expected useful product life, assuming proper
service and maintenance.
Before handling any product, take time to read the
relevant instruction book. Besides giving detailed
operating instructions, it also gives specific information
about safety, preventive maintenance, etc.
These precautions are general and some statements will
therefore not always apply to a particular unit.
When handling, operating, overhauling and/or performing
maintenance or repair on Atlas Copco equipment, the
mechanics are expected to use safe engineering practices
and to observe all relevant local safety requirements and
ordinances. The following list is a reminder of special
safety directives and precautions mainly applicable to
Atlas Copco equipment.
This brochure applies to machinery processing or
consuming air or inert gas. Processing of any other gas
requires additional safety precaution typical to the
application and are not included herein.
All responsibility for any damage or injury resulting from
neglecting these precaution: or by non-observance of
ordinary caution and due care required in handling,
operating, maintenance or repair, also if not expressly
mentioned in this brochure or the instruction book(s), is
disclaimed by Atlas Copco.
If any statement does not comply with local legislation,
the stricter of the two shall be applied. Statements in this
manual should not be interpreted as suggestions:,
recommendations or inducements that it should be used in
violation of any applicable laws or regulations.
2 Use only lubricating oils and greases recommended or
approved by Atlas Copco or the machine manufacturer.
Ascertain that the selected lubricants comply with all
applicable safety regulations, especially with regard to
explosion or fire risk and the possibility of decomposition or
generation of hazardous gases.
3 The supervisor, or the responsible person, shall at all times
make sure that all instructions regarding machinery and
equipment operation and maintenance are strictly followed
and that the machines with all accessories and safety devices,
including the entire compression or vacuum system with
pipes, valves, connectors, hoses, etc., as well as the
consuming devices, are in good repair, free of abnormal wear
or abuse, and are not tampered with.
4 Maintenance, overhaul and repair work shall only be carried
out by adequately trained personnel; if required, under
supervision of someone qualified for the job.
5 Whenever there is an indication or any suspicion that an
internal part of a machine is overheated, the machine shall be
stopped. No inspection covers shall be opened before
sufficient cooling time has elapsed; this is to avoid the risk of
spontaneous ignition of the oil vapor when air is admitted.
6 Maintenance work, other than routine attention, shall only be
undertaken when the machine is standing still.
7 Before dismantling any pressurized component, the
compressor or the equipment shall be effectively isolated
frorn all sources of pressure and be completely vented to
atmosphere. In addition, a warning sign bearing a legend such
as "work in progress; do not open" shall be attached to each of
the isolating valves.
8 Before a machine is being repaired, steps shall be taken to
prevent inadvertent starting. In addition, a warning sign
bearing a legend such as "work in progress; do not start" shall
be attached to the starting equipment. The battery shall be
disconnected and removed or the terminals covered by
insulating caps.
9 Normal ratings (pressures, temperatures, speeds, etc.) shall be
durably marked.
10 Never operate a machine or equipment beyond its rated limits
(pressure, temperature, speed, etc.).
1.2 General Safety Precautions
1 The owner is responsible for maintaining the unit in a
safe operating condition. Unit parts and accessories
must be replaced if missing or unsuitable for safe
operation.
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11 Maintenance and repair work should be recorded in an
operators logbook for all machinery. Frequency and nature of
repairs can reveal unsafe conditions.
12 The machinery and pneumatic equipment shall be kept clean,
i.e. as free as possible from oil, dust or other deposits.
13 To prevent an increase in working temperature, inspect and
clean heat transfer surfaces (cooler fins, intercoolers, water
jackets, etc.) regularly. For every machine establish a suitable
time interval for cleaning operations.
14 All regulating and safety devices shall be maintained
with due care to ensure that they function properly.
They may not be put out of action.
15 Care shall be taken to avoid damage to safety valves
and other pressure relief devices, especially to avoid
plugging by paint, oil coke or dirt accumulation,
which could interfere with the functioning of the
device.
16 Pressure and temperature gauges shall be checked
regularly with regard to their accuracy. They shall be
replaced whenever outside acceptable tolerances.
17 Parts shall only be replaced by genuine Atlas Copco
replacement parts.
18 Safety devices shall be tested as described in the
maintenance schedule of the instruction book(s) to
determine that they are in good operating condition.
19 Never use flammable solvents or carbon tetrachloride
for cleaning pans. Take safety precautions against
toxic vapors when cleaning parts in or with cleaning
products.
20 Observe scrupulous cleanliness during maintenance
and repair. Keep away dirt by covering the parts and
exposed openings with clean cloth, paper or tape.
21 Protect the engine, alternator, air intake filter,
electrical and regulating components, etc. to prevent
moisture ingress, e.g. when steam-cleaning.
22 When performing any operation involving heat,
flames or sparks on a machine, the surrounding
components shall first be screened with nonflammable material.
23 Never use a light source with open flame for
inspecting the interior of a machine, pressure vessel,
etc.
24 On portable units, support the drawbar and axle(s)
securely if working underneath the units or when
removing a wheel. Do not rely on jacks.
25 Prior to stripping a compressor, engine or other
machine or undertaking major overhaul on it, prevent
all movable parts with a mass exceeding 15 kg (30
lbs) from rolling over or moving.
26 When repair has been completed, make sure that no
tools, loose parts or rags are left in, or on, the
machine, the prime mover or the driving gear. The
machine shall be barred several revolutions to ensure
that there is no mechanical interference within the
machine or driver.
It is strictly forbidden to dwell or stay in the risk zone under a
lifted load. Never lift the unit over people or residential areas.
Lifting acceleration and retardation shall be kept within safe limits.
1 Before towing the unit:
- ascertain that the pressure vessel(s) is (are) depressurized,
- check the drawbar, the brake system and the towing eye.
Also check the coupling of the towing vehicle,
- check that the pivot wheel or stand leg is safely locked in
the raised position,
- ascertain that the towing eye can swivel freely on the hook,
- check that the wheels are secure and that the tires are in
good condition and inflated correctly,
- connect the signal cable, check all lights and connect the
pneumatic brake couplers,
- attach the safety break-away cable to the towing vehicle,
- remove wheel chocks, if applied, and disengage the parking
brake.
- Apply safety chains to tow vehicle.
2 If the unit is to be backed up by the towing vehicle, disengage
the overrun brake mechanism (if equipped).
3 Never exceed the maximum towing speed of the unit.
4 Place the unit on level ground and chock the wheels before
disconnecting the unit from the towing vehicle. Unclip the
safety break-away cable
5 When the unit has to operate in a fire-hazardous environment,
each engine exhaust has to be provided with a spark arrestor
to trap incendiary sparks.
6 The exhaust contains carbon monoxide which is a lethal gas.
When the unit is used in a confined space, conduct the engine
exhaust to the outside atmosphere by a pipe of sufficient
diameter (min. 4 inches); do this in such a way that no extra
back pressure is created for the engine. If necessary, install an
extractor.
7 When operating in a dust-laden atmosphere, place the unit so
that dust is not carried towards it by the wind. Operation in
clean surroundings considerably extends the intervals for
cleaning the air intake filters and the cores of the coolers.
8 Locate the unit away from walls. Take all precautions to
ensure that hot air exhausted from the engine and driven
machine cooling systems cannot be recirculated. If such hot
air is taken in by the engine or driven machine cooling fan,
this may cause overheating of the unit; if taken in for
combustion, the engine power will be reduced.
1.3 Safety during use and operation
To lift a unit, all loose or pivoting parts, e.g. doors shall
first be securely fastened. Do not attach cables, chains or
ropes directly to the lifting eye; apply a crane hook or
lifting shackle meeting local safety rules.
Helicopter lifting using the lifting eye is forbidden.
1310 3011 08 5
9 No external force may be exerted on the air outlet valves, e.g.
by pulling on hoses or by installing auxiliary equipment
directly to a valve, e.g. a water separator, a lubricator, etc.
10 Distribution pipework and air hoses must be of correct size
and suitable for the working pressure. Never use frayed,
damaged or deteriorated hoses. Replace hoses and flexibles
of which the lifetime expired. Use only the correct type and
size of hose end fittings and connections.
A hose connected to a 2 inch (50 mm) valve must be
provided with a safety wire (8 mm) fixed to the hose
for effective pressures as from 10 bar (145 psi) up,
although it is recommended to apply such safeguard
already from 4 bar (60 psi) up. The safety wire ends
have to be attached, one to the eye provided next to
the compressor air outlet valve, the other one to a
point near to the air inlet of the applied equipment.
Finally a wire mesh hose can be fixed over the hose
ends to dampen the blast in case a connection starts
leaking or should become undone.
13 Never operate the unit in surroundings where there is a
possibility of taking in flammable or toxic fumes.
14 Never operate the unit at pressures or speeds below or in
excess of the limit ratings stated on the Principal Data sheet.
15 On water-cooled engines with closed cooling circuit: allow
the unit to cool before removing a pressure cap.
16 All doors shall be shut during operation so as not to disturb
the cooling air flow inside the body-work and/or render the
silencing less effective. A door should be kept open for a
short period only, e.g. for inspection or adjustment
Close the compressor air outlet valve before
connecting or disconnecting a hose. Ascertain that a
hose is fully depressurized before disconnecting it.
When blowing through a hose or air line, ensure that
the open end is held securely. A free end will whip
and may cause injury.
Never play with compressed air. Never apply it to
your skin or direct an air stream at people. Never use
it to clean dirt from your clothes. When using it to
clean down equipment, do so with extreme caution
and use eye protection.
11 Never move a unit when external lines or hoses are
connected to the outlet valves, to avoid damage to
valves and/or manifold and hoses.
12 Never refill fuel while the unit is running. Keep fuel
away from hot parts such as air outlet pipes or the
engine exhaust. Do not smoke when fueling. When
fueling from an automatic pump, a ground cable
should be connected to the unit to discharge static
electricity. Never spill nor leave oil, fuel, coolant or
cleansing agent in or around the unit.
1.4 Safety During Maintenance and
Repair
Maintenance and repair work shall only be carried out by
adequately trained personnel: if required, under
supervision of someone qualified for the job.
1 Use only the correct tools for maintenance and repair
work.
2 Use only genuine spare parts.
3 All maintenance work, other than routine attention,
shall only be undertaken when the unit is stopped.
Ensure that the unit cannot be started inadvertently.
4 Before removing any pressurized component,
effectively isolate the compressor from all sources of
pressure and relieve the entire system of pressure. Do
not rely on non-return valves (check valves) to isolate
pressure systems.
5 Never use flammable solvents or carbon tetrachloride
for cleaning parts. Take safety precautions against
toxic vapors of cleaning liquids.
17 Wear ear protectors when environmental noise can reach or
exceed 90 dB(A). Beware of long-time exposure to noise.
18 Periodically check that:
- all safety equipment is in good working order,
- all guards and air conducting baffles are in place and
securely fastened,
- all hoses and/or pipes inside the unit are in good condition,
secure and not rubbing,
- there are no fuel, oil or coolant leaks,
- all fasteners are tight
- all electrical leads are secure and in good order,
- the engine exhaust system is in good condition,
- air outlet valves and manifold, hoses, couplings, etc. are in
good repair, free of wear or abuse,
- the wheel nuts are tightened to the proper torque.
When more than one compressor is connected to a common
header, be sure each compressor has a non-return valve (check
valve) to prevent reverse rotation when stopping.
6 Scrupulously observe cleanliness during maintenance and
when performing repairs. Keep dirt away by covering the
parts and exposed openings with a clean cloth, paper or tape.
7 Never weld on or perform any operation involving heat near
the fuel or oil systems. Fuel and oil tanks must be completely
purged, e.g. by steam-cleaning, before carrying out such
operations.
Never weld on, or in any way modify, pressure vessels.
Disconnect the alternator cables during arc welding on the
unit.
8 Support the drawbar and the axle securely if working
underneath the unit or when removing a wheel. Do not rely
on jacks.
9 Make sure that no tools, loose parts or rags are left in or on the
unit.
10 Before clearing the unit for use after maintenance or overhaul,
check that operating pressures, temperatures and speeds are
correct and that the control and shutdown devices function
correctly.
11 Do not remove any of, or tamper with, the sound damping
material. Keep the material free of dirt and liquids such as
fuel, oil and cleansing agents.
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12 Protect the electrical and regulating components, the
air filter, etc. to prevent moisture from entering them,
e.g. when steam-cleaning.
1.5 Tool Applications Safety
Apply the proper tool for each job. With the knowledge
of correct tool use and knowing the limitations of tools,
along with some common sense, many accidents can be
prevented.
Special service tools are available for specific jobs and
should be used when recommended. The use of these
tools will save time and prevent damage to parts.
19 Always pull on a wrench or socket handle, if possible, and
adjust your stance to prevent a fall if something lets go.
20 Wear approved eye protection when using percussion tools or
when scraping, chipping, shaving or grinding.
21 Wear protective gloves when holding a chisel or punch.
1.6 Batteries
1 The electrolyte in batteries is a sulphuric acid solution which
is fatal if it hits your eyes, and which can cause burns if it
contacts your skin. Therefore, be careful when handling
batteries, e.g. when checking the charge condition.
1 Use only wrenches or sockets whose size fits the
fastener.
2 Apply an open-end wrench only in the place of the
fastener head, square to the thread axis.
3 Do not use a pipe or other improvised leverage
extensions on handles.
4 Do not hammer on wrenches or other tools which are
not specially designed for it.
5 Always support the ratchet head when using socket
extensions.
6 Discard any wrench with broken or battered points or
edges.
7 Never use hand type sockets on power or impact
tools.
8 Select only heavy-duty impact sockets for use with
pneumatic or electric impact tools.
9 Replace sockets showing cracks or wear; keep
sockets clean.
10 Never use screwdrivers for prying, punching,
chiseling, scoring or scraping.
11 Use the correct type and size of screwdriver for the
job. The bit must match the fastener.
12 A screwdriver with rounded edges will slip; it needs
to be redressed or discarded.
13 Never use a screwdriver or any other tool near a live
wire or electrical component. Plastic covering of
handles is for comfort and grip only. They are not
intended to act as insulation if such is not clearly
marked by the manufacturer.
14 Never strike a hammer against a hardened object; use
a soft drift against the object and strike against the
drift.
15 Strike the object with the full face of the hammer.
16 Never use a hammer with a loose head.
17 Discard a hammer with chipped or mushroomed face.
18 Never use a chisel or punch with a chipped or
mushroomed striking face.
2 Install a sign prohibiting fire, open flame and smoking at the
post where batteries are being charged.
3 When batteries are being charged, an explosive gas mixture
forms in the cells and might escape through the vent holes in
the plugs.
Thus an explosive atmosphere may form around the battery if
ventilation is poor, and can remain in and around the battery
for several hours after it has been charged.
Therefore:
- never smoke near batteries being, or having recently been,
charged,
- never break live circuits at battery terminals, because a
spark usually occurs.
4 When connecting an auxiliary battery (AB) in parallel to the
unit battery (CB) with booster cables: connect the + pole of
AB to the + pole of CB, then connect the - pole of CB to the
mass of the unit. Disconnect in the reverse order.
1.7 Ether fuel Systems
Ether fuel systems are used for diesel cold starting.
1 This type of fuel is extremely flammable, toxic and poisonous.
Avoid contact with eyes or skin and breathing the fumes. If
accidentally swallowed, do not induce vomiting but call a
physician immediately.
2 If fuel enters or fumes irritate the eyes, flush the latter with
large quantities of clean water and call for medical aid.
3 Before operating ether cold starting aids, read the instructions
and the container label.
4 Never operate ether cold starting aids while the engine is
running as this can cause severe damage.
5 When maintenance, tests or repair has to be performed, do so
in a well-ventilated area only, away from heat, open flame or
sparks. Ascertain that the area is clearly marked out with
signs prohibiting fire, open flame and smoking.
6 Wear eye protection when testing a system. Make sure that
openings of a spray container, valve, tube or atomizer are
pointed away from yourself and others while testing.
7 Do not store ether containers in temperatures above 70 ºC
(160 ºF),
1310 3011 08 7
8 Do not incinerate, puncture or attempt to remove the
center core valve, side safety valve or any other part
of an ether container.
1.8 Pressure vessels
Maintenance / installation requirements:
1 The vessel can be used as pressure vessel or as
separator and is designed to hold compressed air for
the following application:
- pressure vessel for compressor.
- medium AIR/OIL,
and operates as detailed on the data plate of the vessel:
- the maximum working pressure in psi,
2 The pressure vessel is only to be used for the
applications as specified above and in accordance
with the technical specifications. Safety reasons
prohibit any other applications.
3 National legislation requirements with respect to re-
inspection must be complied with.
4 No welding or heat treatment of any kind is permitted
to those vessel walls which are exposed to pressure.
5 The vessel is provided and may only be used with the
required safety equipment such as manometer,
overpressure control devices, safety valve, etc.
6 Draining of condensate shall be performed regularly
when vessel is in use.
7 Installation, design and connections should not be
changed.
8 Bolts of cover and flanges may not be used for extra
fixation.
2 Do not open electrical cabinets, cubicles or other equipment
while voltage is supplied. If such cannot be avoided, e.g. for
measurements, tests or adjustments, have the action carried
out by a qualified electrician only, with appropriate tools, and
ascertain that the required bodily protection against electrical
hazards is applied.
3 Noise, even at reasonable levels, can cause irritation and
disturbance which, over a long period of time, may cause
severe injuries to the nervous system of human beings.
When the sound pressure level, at any point where personnel
normally has to attend, is:
below 70 dB(A): no action needs to be taken,
above 70 dB(A): noise-protective devices should be provided
for people continuously being present in
the room,
below 85 dB(A): no action needs to be taken for occasional
visitors staying a limited time only,
above 85 dB(A): room to be classified as a noise-hazardous
area and an obvious warning shall be
placed permanently at each entrance to
alert people entering the room, for even
relatively short times, about the need to
wear ear protectors,
above 95 dB(A): the warning(s) at the entrance(s) shall be
completed with the recommendation that
also occasional visitors shall wear ear
protectors,
above 105 dB(A): special ear protectors that are adequate for
this noise level and the spectral
composition of the noise shall be provided
and a special warning to that effect shall be
placed at each entrance.
4 Insulation or safety guards of parts the temperature of which
can be in excess of 80 ºC (175 ºF) and which may be
accidentally touched by personnel shall not be removed before
the parts have cooled to room temperature.
1.9 Safety valve
All adjustments or repairs are to be done by an authorized
representative of the valve supplier.
Following checks must be carried out:
1 A check of the opening of the lifting gear,1 or 2 times
a year. This can be done by lifting the ring.
2 A check of the set pressure once a year according to
the local regulations, if required. This check may not
be done with the compressor supplying the air
pressure and must be carried out on a proper test
bench.
1.10 Injury Prevention
1 Stationary housing guards are provided on all rotating
or reciprocating parts not otherwise protected and
which may be hazardous to personnel. Machinery
shall never be put into operation, when such guards
have been removed, before the guards are securely
reinstalled.
8 1310 3011 08
5 When hot parts have to be handled, e.g. shrink fitting, special
heat-resistant gloves shall be used and, if required, other body
protection shall be applied.
6 If the working process produces fumes, dust or vibration
hazards, etc., take the necessary steps to eliminate the risk of
personnel injury.
7 Before lifting machines, all loose parts which could be liable
to fall down shall be removed or secured; pivoting parts such
as doors, etc. shall be safely immobilized.
8 To lift heavy parts, a hoist of ample capacity, tested and
approved according to local safety regulations, shall be used.
9 When lifting machinery, only hooks or shackles meeting local
safety regulations shall be applied. Never shall cables, chains
or ropes be applied directly on or through lifting eyes. Never
allow sharp bends in lifting cables, chains or ropes.
10 Lifting hooks, eyes, shackles, etc. shall never be bent and
shall only have stress in line with their design load axis. The
capacity of a lifting device diminishes when the lifting force is
applied at an angle to its load axis.
11 For maximum safety and efficiency of the lifting
apparatus all lifting members shall be applied as near
to perpendicular as possible. If required, a lifting
beam shall be applied between hoist, and load.
12 When heavy pans are being lifted with a hoist, it is
strictly forbidden to dwell or pass under the load or in
the space which is liable to be hit if the load or part of
it should topple over or come loose. Never leave a
load hanging on a hoist. Lifting acceleration and
retardation shall be kept within safe limits.
13 A hoist has to be installed in such a way that the
object will be lifted perpendicular. If that is not
possible, the necessary precautions must be taken to
prevent load-swinging, e.g. by using two hoists, each
at approximately the same angle not exceeding 30deg
from the vertical.
14 When using compressed air or inert gas to clean down
equipment, do so with caution and use the appropriate
protection, at least safety glasses, for the operator as
well as for any bystander. Do not apply compressed
air or inert gas to your skin or direct an air or gas
stream at people. Never use it to clean dirt from your
clothes.
15 Before blowing compressed air or inert gas through a hose,
ensure that the open end is held securely, so that it cannot
whip and cause injury.
16 When washing parts in or with a cleaning solvent, provide the
required ventilation and use appropriate protection such as a
breathing filter, safety glasses, rubber apron and gloves, etc.
17 Safety shoes should be compulsory in any workshop and if
there is a risk, however small, of failing objects, wearing of a
safety helmet should be included.
18 If there is a risk of inhaling hazardous gases, fumes or dust,
the respiratory organs must be protected and, depending on
the nature of the hazard, so must the eyes and skin.
19. Remember that where there is visible dust, the finer, invisible
particles will almost certainly be present too; but the fact that
no dust can be seen is not a reliable indication that dangerous,
invisible dust is not present in the air.
20 When using cartridge type breathing filter equipment,
ascertain that the correct type of cartridge is used and that its
useful service life is not surpassed.
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