Datasheet
2400 Series
Microwave Synthesizer
CW Generator
2408L/AL
2420L/AL
2426L/AL
2440L/AL
Available Options and Accessories
22 Rear RF output (standard for A Series)
24 Internal Modulation Generator (M Series only)
26 Step Attenuator
28 High Stability Timebase (standard for L/M Series)
43 Frequency & Power Sweep (L/M Series only)
45 Rack Ears (L/M Series only)
48 Automation Xpress Software/Automation Xpress
Interface (AXI)
Signal Generator
2408M/AM
2420M/AM
2426M/AM
2440M/AM
Frequency Range
10 MHz - 8 GHz
10 MHz - 20 GHz
10 MHz - 26.5 GHz
10 MHz - 40 GHz
Fast Frequency Switching
The fast frequency switching of the Giga-tronics 2400 Series Microwave
Synthesizer pays dividends in any test environment where large amounts of
data are collected. Regardless of the complexity of your application, such as
antenna characterization or RFIC testing, the 2400 Series will quickly prove
itself as your best test investment by providing quick settling of amplitude
and frequency for minimum waiting between measurement points. In addition,
the 2400 Series Automation Xpress software and interface option ensures
unmatched 2.5 ms CW frequency and power switching performance, providing
fast and exible data exchange rates for faster testing and more device
throughput.
Low Phase Noise
The Giga-tronics 2400 Series Microwave Synthesizers deliver state of the
art phase noise and fast switching simultaneously. The 2400 Series low
noise, high power and excellent phase stability are ideal for serving as your
measurement system’s local oscillator and makes it suitable to serve as a low
jitter clock.
Faster to Program
Every 2400 Series Microwave Synthesizer comes with Giga-tronics WaveMaker,
a PC based software package designed for enhanced user interface and
automatic test systems. WaveMaker leverages industry-leading software
applications and familiar Windows drop-down menus and other functions to
perform tasks. Using any Windows-based application, such as Microsoft™ Excel
or Notepad, engineers can create, manage and download complex lists in a
matter of seconds-right from the comfort of their desktop PC.
Simpler to Operate
From the rst glance, it’s clear the Giga-tronics 2400 Series is different. Its
innovative design and intuitive interface will make you productive right out
of the box. The 2400 was designed to streamline user navigation by moving
complex testing functions from the front panel to the desktop PC. The result
is a groundbreaking system that reduces training time, speeds workow and
dramatically boosts end-user productivity. To enhance user navigation, we
minimized the number of soft screens and menu layers, simplifying content
and improving operational performance. That means you’ll spend less time
scrolling through data menus and more time getting your work done.
2400A Series Optimized for ATE
With the 2400A Series, ATE integrators now have a system source specically
designed to match their unique performance needs. The 2400A Series
works seamlessly with other instruments. It includes hardware triggering
and synchronization signals with programmable delay to allow coordination
with other test products in your system. Emulating other industry-standard
microwave synthesizers can be accommodated, making the 2400A Series the
ideal choice for upgrading older systems. The 2400A Series standard features
include a 3U rack mountable microwave synthesizer with rack ears, a high
stability timebase option, rear RF-output, GPIB-interface, and a blank front
panel-all for one competitive price.
2400 Series
2400L Series Typical Maximum Output Power
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
Power (dBm)
2440L
Frequency (MHz)
2420L
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Fre qu enc y (MHz)
Ou tpu t Lev e l Er ro r (d B)
2440L S erie s O u tp ut Le vel Erro r Acc ura cy (Op tio n 2 6)
0 4000 8000 1200 0 1600 0 20000 24000 28000 32000
36000 40000
-40 dBm
+5 dBm
-15 dBm
Technical Specications
All specications apply over a 0˚C to +55˚C range after 30 minutes of warm-up time unless otherwise stated.
Frequency
Accuracy: Same as time-base
Resolution: 0.1 Hz
Power Slope: 0 to 0.5 dB/GHz
Internal Reference: 100 MHz
Aging Rate: < 1 X 10-8/day
Temperature Stability: < ± 2 X 10-8/ºC
10 MHz Reference Output: TTL level into 50 Ω
External Reference Input: 10 MHz or 100 MHz ± 1ppm
> - 5 dBm into 50 Ω
High Stability Time Base 10 MHz
(Option 28)
Aging Rate < 5 X 10
Temperature Stability < ± 5 X 10
Volts/GHz: 0 to 10 V range: 0.50 V/GHz, 0.01 – 20 GHz
0.25 V/GHz, 20 – 40 GHz
Lock/Level Indicator: Sync Out = TTL High
Frequency Bands
Band Frequency N
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Output Power
Maximum Leveled (dBm)1 (Specication applies over 0 to 35ºC range and
degrades <2.0 dB from 35ºC to 55ºC)
Model .01 - 8 GHz 8 - 20 GHz 20-40 GHz
20 GHz
26.5 GHz
40 GHz
Minimum Settable: -20 dBm; -10 dBm, >20 GHz
(Option 26) -110 dBm ; -100 dBm, >20 GHz
Power Offset: 0 to 10 dB
Resolution 0.05 dB
Temperature Stability: 0.025 dB/ºC
Output Source Match (typical): < 2.0:1
Accuracy (dB) (Specications apply over 15 to 35ºC range and degrades <0.5
dB outside the range)
Model > 5 dBm > -20 dBm > -110 dBm
.01 - 20 GHz
20 - 40 GHz
10 – 15.99 MHz
16 – 30.99 MHz
31 – 62.99 MHz
63 – 124.99 MHz
125 – 249.99 MHz
250 – 499.99 MHz
500 – 999.99 MHz
1.0 – 1.99 GHz
2.0 – 3.99 GHz
4.0 – 7.99 GHz
8.0 – 15.99 GHz
16.0 – 31.99 GHz
32.0 – 40.00 GHz
+ 16
+ 13
+ 10
± 1.0
± 1.2
-10
+ 15
+ 9
+ 9
± 0.8
± 1.0
/day
-10
/ºC
512
256
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
1/4
1/8
—
+10
+9
± 1.3
± 1.5
Output Power and Level Accuracy for the 2400 Series
Spectral Purity
Harmonics (Specications for harmonics above instrument frequency range are
typical.)
Frequency
(GHz)
.01 – 2 GHz
3
2 – 20 GHz
20 – 40 GHz
2
Sub-Harmoncs
Frequency
(GHz)
.01 – 2 GHz
2 – 20 GHz
20 – 40 GHz
Spurious (Specication is -45 dBc typical for offsets < 300 Hz)
Frequency
(GHz)
.01 – 16 GHz
16 – 32 GHz
32 – 40 GHz
1
Step Attenuator (Option 26) reduces power by 1.5 dB to 18 GHz, 2.0 dB
18- 26.5 GHz, and 2.5 dB above 26.5 GHz.
2
20 - 26.5 GHz for model 2426
3
.01- 2 GHz range- (-30 dBc below 100 MHz)
Standard
(at +6 dBm)
– 50 dBc
– 55 dBc
– 30 dBc
Standard
(at +6 dBm)
– 80 dBc
– 60 dBc
– 50 dBc
Offsets
> 300 Hz
– 60 dBc
– 54 dBc
– 48 dBc
2
2400 Typical Frequency Settling Time
200
400
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1.
0
4.0
600
Time in µsec
4
00Se
s SS
B Ph
ase Noise
-1
50
-14
0-130
-12
0
-11
0
-
50
1
0100Hz
1
10kHz
100kHz 1
Hz10MH
10 GH
z
-1
00
-
60
-7
0
-
80
-
90
-1
60
L(f) dBc/H
z
-4
0
Offset frequenc
y
2400 Series
Technical Specications
All specications apply over a 0˚C to +55˚C range after 30 minutes of warm-up time unless otherwise stated.
Spectral Purity Continued:
Residual FM (typical)
Frequency
(GHz)
.01 – 16 GHz
16 – 32 GHz
32 – 40 GHz
50 Hz - 15 kHz
Bandwidth
< 40 Hz
< 80 Hz
< 120 Hz
AM Noise (typical)
Frequency
(GHz)
.01 – 2 GHz
2 – 20 GHz
20 – 40 GHz
Offsets
> 5 MHz
– 130 dBm/Hz
– 145 dBm/Hz
– 140 dBm/Hz
SSB Phase Noise
Frequency Offset from Carrier (dBc/Hz)
(GHz) 100 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz
0.85
1.85
5.6
10
18
23
30
-92
-86
-75
-74
-68
-63
-61
-111
-105
-97
-92
-89
-85
-83
-112
-106
-98
-92
-90
-86
-84
-123
-117
-105
-101
-99
-93
-91
-130
-135
-130
-128
-123
-118
-115
List Mode Continued:
Sweep Modes: Continuous, Single Step,& Single Sweep
∆F0 in GHz
6
Remote Programming
Hardware Interface: IEEE 488.2
RS-232 & USB (w/supplied adapter)
Software Interface: SCPI & GT-12000A
Automation Xpress Interface (option 48)
Execution Speed (IEEE 488.2):
AXI SCPI GT-12000A
CW Switching
4000 pt.
download
2.5 ms
20 sec
28 ms
28 sec
22 ms
288 sec
Frequency & Power Sweep - L/M Series only (Option 43)
Ramp Frequency Sweep:
Ramp Power Sweep:
Power Slope:
Power Flatness:
Ramp Output:
Z-Axis Blanking:
Sweep Time4:
List Mode
Number of List Points: 4000
Frequency Settling Time5: < 550 µsec for ∆F
Amplitude Settling Time7: < 500 µsec
Step Time: 150 µsec - 1 sec
2 ms - 1 sec (option 31)
Sync Out Delay8: 50 µsec - 10 msec
Trigger Modes: EXT, GPIB GET, Software
Full Frequency Coverage
0 to 25 dB
0 to 0.5 dB/GHz
See Accuracy table
0 to 10V
± 5V
10 msec — 30 secs
6
≤ 500 MHz
0
Automation Xpress Interface (AXI) (Option 48)
For use with Giga-tronics Automation Xpress software. The AXI
provides Xpress 2.5 ms CW Frequency/Power switching, faster data
exchange and functional downloads/executions, and a stable API
programming interface for the ATE programming environment.
Modulation Specications: M/AM Series Only
stop
) – (F
9
start
x N
) | - See Frequency Bands Table for N values.
start
3
Amplitude Modulation
Depth10: 0 to 75% (Level = 0 dBm)
Rate
(3 dB Bandwidth): DC — 5 kHz (depth = 30%)
Sensitivity: 0 — 95% /V selectable
Accuracy: ± 10% of setting at 1 kHz rate, 0 - 90%/V
Input:
Range: ± 1 V
Impedance: 600Ω
Scan Modulation (Specication applies for frequencies below 20 GHz)
Depth: > 60 dB
Scan Time: 200 ms - 10 sec
Maximum Number of Points: 4000
Minimum Time per Point: 1 ms
Scan Pattern: Sin (x)
X
Minimum # of Lobes: 1
4
Sweep rate must be < 500 MHz/msec.
5
Time for frequency to settle within 50 kHz of nal value after a frequency switch.
6
∆F0 = | (F
7
Time for amplitude to settle within 0.1 dB of nal value after an amplitude switch.
8
Delay is specied from edge of trigger pulse.
9
Modulation peaks must be less than maximum available power.
10
Levels noted can be offset using step attenuator (option 26).
stop
x N
Modulation Specications: M/AM Series Only
Frequency Modulation
above 10 MHz)
Narrow Mode: (Deviation Limited Modulation Index)
Rate (3 dB bandwidth): DC - 50 kHz
Peak Deviation: 1 MHz
N
Accuracy: ± 5% at 5 kHz rate
with 1V peak input
Input:
Range: ± 1V
Impedance: 50 Ω
Wide Mode: (Modulation Index < 50/N)
Rate (3 dB bandwidth): 1 kHz - 3 MHz
Peak Deviation: 20 MHz
N
Accuracy: ± 5% at 5 kHz rate with 1V
peak input
Input
Range: ± 1V
Impedance: 50 Ω
Pulse Modulation
On/Off Ratio: 80 dB
Rise/Fall Times:
Frequency Rise Time
.5 - 20 GHz
20- 40 GHz
Minimum Width: 150 ns
Level Accuracy11: ± 0.5 dB Pulse Width > 350 ns
(relative to CW) +1.5 / -0.5 dB Pulse Width 250 - 350 ns
+3.0 / -0.5 dB Pulse Width 150 - 250 ns
PRF (50% duty cycle): DC - 3.33 MHz
Pulse Fidelity (typical):
Overshoot & Ringing: 0.5 - 2 GHz (< 10%),
2 - 40 GHz (< 10%)
Video feed through: 0.5 - 2 GHz (< 5%),
2 - 40 GHz (< 1%)
Compression: < ± 5ns
Delay: < 75 ns
Input
Sensitivity: TTL levels (polarity selectable)
Impedance: 50 Ω
WaveMaker Requirements
20 MB Disk Space
Windows 2000, Windows XP
128 MB RAM or greater
(Specication applies for frequencies
(Specifcation applies for frequencies above 500 MHz)
< 10 ns
< 25 ns
Inputs & Outputs:
Connector 2400AL 2400L 2400AM 2400M
RF Output X X X X
EXT REF Input X X X X
10 MHz REF Output X X X X
V/GHz Output X X X X
Trigger Input X X X X
Sync Output X X X X
Blanking Output X X
Ramp Output X X
AM IN X X
FM IN X X
PULSE IN X X
AM OUT X X
FM OUT X X
PULSE OUT X X
PM SYNC OUT X X
PM TRIG IN X X
Physical
Environmental:
Safety:
Weight:
Emissions:
Rack Height:
Connector Types (All Series):
MIL-PRF 28800F. Class 3
EN61010
< 35 lbs
EN61326
3U (5.25 inches)
2408 (N(f )), 2420/2426 (SMA(f))
2440 (K(f ))
2400AL/2400AM Series Models Only
2400A Series include:
Rear RF Output
Rack Mount Ready Blank Front Panel
Front Panel LED Indicators: Power, EXT REF, Unleveled
WaveMaker Software
Giga-tronics Support Services
At Giga-tronics, we understand the challenges you face. Our
support services begin from the moment you call us. We help
you achieve both top-line growth and bottom-line efciencies by
working to identify your precise needs and implement smart and
result orientated solutions.We believe and commit ourselves in
providing you with more than our superior test solutions.
www.gigatronics.com/emailupdates
Get the latest information on Giga-tronics products &
applications
11
Duty Cycle must be > 0.01%)
Data subject to change without notice.
Giga-tronics Incorporated
4650 Norris Canyon Road
San Ramon, California 94583
Telephone: 800 726 4442 or
925 328 4650
Telefax: 925 328 4700
Web Site: www.gigatronics.com
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