The information provided in this document is subject to change without notice.
Arima Computer Corp. makes no warranty regarding this document.
Always read the safety instructions carefully.
Arima Computer Corp. cannot anticipate all of your working conditions; for safety, you should use caution,
care and good judgment when following the procedures described in this material. Arima Computer Corp.
shall not be liable for errors contained in this material nor any damage incurred in the use of this material.
Arima Computer Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage to property, injury to persons, or losses
incurred as a result of misuse of the information provided.
Arima Computer Corp. assumes no responsibility for the reliability of its software on equipments that are
not manufactured by Arima Computer Corp.
Copyright Notice
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No
part of this publication may be reproduced, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any
language or computer language, or transmitted in any form whatsoever without the prior written consent of
Arima Computer Corp.. We reserve the right to make changes to this document without notice.
Copyright2004 by Arima Computer Corp.. All rights reserved.
Other products and companies referred to herein are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective companies or mark-holders.
Intel™, Pentium™ is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
Windows® 2000/NT/XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
ES1000® is the registered trademark of ATI Technologies Inc.
Super I/O is the registered trademark of SMSC.
Revision: 1.03
Release Date: Oct. 2007
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Technical Support
If a problem arises with your system during installation or operation and is unable to be resolved from the
user manual, consult the following list of resources for help:
Contact the place of purchase for help. This is the recommended solution as they can provide the
quickest assistance.
Visit Arima Computer Corp. website for up to the minute FAQ, guides and updates. The website can
This manual contains some special icons that accompany special sections that are meant to help you along
in the installation process. The special sections contain useful and/or critical information that you should
know. Watch for these icons as you read through the manual.
Type of icons: Description:
NOTE
WARNING
This icon indicates useful and timely information
that will aid you in the setup.
This icon indicates information on dangerous
and/or costly behavior to avoid.
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Safety Instruction
Keep this manual for future reference.
Keep the equipments in a safe, cool, dry place.
Perform the installation on a dry, flat surface.
Ground yourself by touching a plugged-in power supply, which displaces static electricity.
Adjust the power source to the proper voltage before connecting the equipment to the power outlet.
Place the power cord in such a manner as to ensure that no one can step on it or trip over it.
Always unplug the power cord when performing installation.
Do not have liquid nearby as electrical shock can occur if liquid spills onto the equipment.
Pay attention to the warnings in the installation instructions when appropriate.
In the following cases, do not try to fix the problem yourself, contact a party in Technical Support
The power cord or plug is damaged.
Liquid has been spilled onto the equipment.
Obvious sign of damage can be detected on the equipment.
Operating temperature
Operating 10ºC to 35ºC 50ºF to 95ºF
WARNING: Danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced.
Replace only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the
manufacturer. Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacture’s
instructions.
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Chapter 1. Getting Started
1.1 Congratulations
Congratulations on your purchase of our Arima M215X, one of the most versatile and powerful
motherboard solutions available for the Pentium processors. The M215X is equipped with the flexibility of
supporting 533/800/1066 MHz FSB, PCI-X, and four SATA 3Gbps ports. The M215X also benefits with
the PCI-X slot, PCI-Express x8 slot for 1U riser card, onboard dual Gigabit Ethernet ports, and dual
channel DDR2 DIMM memory slots. Wielded with so many powerful components, M215X will sure
satisfy your server/workstation needs.
1.2 Unpacking
Arima Computer Corp. provides a number of accessories for your convenience. Below is a checklist of the
things that are included in this purchase:
Quick Installation Guide
Driver and user Guide CD
1 x IDE cable
1 x I/O shield
4 x SATA cables
2 x SATA power cable
1 bag of jumpers (3 pcs)
Four 240-pin 1.8-Volt DDR2 DIMM sockets
Dual channel memory bus
Supports DDR2-533/667 memory
Supports Un-Buffered ECC type memory modules only
Supports up to 8 GB
Supports single DIMM operation
Expansion Slots
One PCI-E x8 (x4 signal) from ICH7R– Slot 7 (white color for a physical slot with different
speed)
One PCI-E x8 from MCH – slot 6 (black color for normal slot)
Two PCI-X 64/133 slot from PXH-V – Slot 4,5 (white color for normal slot)
One 32-bit 33MHz (5V) PCI slot – Slot 1 (white color normal slot)
Integrated Graphics (Optional)
ATI ES1000 with 32MB DDR memory
Dual Gigabit Ethernet Controller
Dual Intel 82573 PCI-Express x1 Gigabit Ethernet Controllers
Few combination for different customer requirement:
- 82573V + 82573L (Default) support teaming or IPMI
- 82573L + 82573L Support teaming only
RJ-45 connector with LEDs
PXE option ROM solution
Two 2-pin headers for front panel LED Link/ Act. Output
ICH7R Integrated Serial ATA Controller (3.0Gb/s)
4 ports data transfers up to 3.0Gb/s (300MB/s)
One PCI bus master channel for up to two enhanced IDE devices
Support for Ultra DMA 100/66/33 IDE drives and ATAPI compliant devices
Tri-state modes to enable swap bay
ICH7R USB 2.0
Front ~ One 2x5 pin header + Two type-A USB connectors (M2150 only)
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Rear ~ Dual-layout (4/2 stacked USB connector) - optional
Super I/O
SMSC SCH5017 Super I/O chip
One floppy connector supports one drive
PS/2 mouse and PS/2 keyboard rear panel connectors (M2154 removed)
Two 9-pin serial ports (one rear panel connector and one internal header) (M2154 has remove
the rear one)
Rear Panel I/O
Stacked PS/2 mouse and PS/2 keyboard rear panel connectors (M2154 removed)
One DB9 serial connector (M2154 removed)
One DB15 Video connector (M2154 removed)
One stacked USB-2.0 connectors with 4 ports (M2150, M2151)
One stacked USB-2.0 connectors with 2 ports (M2153, M2154)
Two side-by-side RJ-45 connectors with LEDs
BIOS
8 Mb Phoenix BIOS
Legacy USB support, all ports
SMBIOS 2.3.3 and DMI 2.0 compliant
Plug and Play (PnP)
APM 1.2
DMI 2.1
ACPI 1.0
Fan Speed Control
PXE
Soft Power-down
Multiple boot support (with BIOS Boot Specification v3.1 (BBS) support)
Supports S0, S4, S5 support (Depends on customer)
BIOS default “Always On” (For M2154)
System Management (BIOS/Utility/BMC assignment)
Support ARIMA BMC Scorpio card (option part), IPMI 2.0 compliant (M2154 removed)
Support ARIMA SmartWatch software
CPU and Chassis environment temperature monitoring
Fan speed and status monitoring
Motherboard voltage monitoring
Chassis intrusion detection
HDD monitoring (Logic definition)
Internal header / connectors / Fans
SSI-compliant connectors for SSI interface support
Total four 4-pin fan and three 3-pin connectors (For Processor, Cooling fans)
Arima Server 24 pins Front Panel
(Cooling Fault LED, System Fault LED, SMBus, Chassis Intrusion, NMI must work)
Speaker header
SATA & SAS LEDs header
Power fail LED and alarm header for redundant power supply
Form Factor
ATX form factor with size: 12” x 9.6” (6 layers)
P4 12V power connectors (24pin + 8/4pin)
Riser Card
1U PCI-E x8 slot (use 3rd party riser card which bought from outside)
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SKU
M2150, PCI-X, LAN V+L, 8USB,IPMI
M2151, LAN V+L, 8USB,IPMI
M2153, LAN V+L, 6USB,IPMI
M2154, LAN L+L, 4USB
Arima Scorpio Card, IPMI 2.0 compliance
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1.5 Barebone
System Power On/Off
System error
Power On/Off
Power supply monitor
Management
Quick Installation
1.5.1 1/2 1U
Model Name M215x1S
Description
Chassis Model
Color
Dimension (D*W*H)393 x 435 x 43.5 mm, 15.5 x 16.9 x 1.7"
DDR2-667/533 memory (up to 2 DIMMs/ch)
Un-Buffered ECC/Non-ECC type memory
module
up to 8 GB
3.5" SATA II 80GB 7200RPM
HDD
3.5" SATA II 160GB 7200RPM
3.5" SATA II 250GB 7200RPM
ODDStandard 5.25” DVDROM
FDDStandard 3.5” FDD
N/A
Power cord for US Power Cord
Power cord for Japan
M2150
M2151
M2153
N/A
1
1 Bag
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1.6 Motherboard Layout [Major Components]
The following diagram indicates all the major components of the motherboard.
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Chapter 2. Hardware Installation
2.1 Mounting the Motherboard
The M215X confirms to the ATX specification format. Before continuing on with installation, please
confirm that your chassis supports a standard ATX motherboard. If you are unsure, contact your dealer for
more information.
Precautions:
Static electricity can damage components on your motherboard. Before touching the motherboard,
discharge any static build-up in yourself by touching a grounded object.
Disconnect your computer from any power supply if disassembly is needed.
Try to avoid touching the surface or back of the motherboard, for chips and other components on the
motherboard are very fragile.
Before the motherboard is ready for immediate installation, place the motherboard on the Mylar Sheet
(antistatic bag) in which the board was shipping.
Before installing, inspect the motherboard for any possible flaws.
Procedure:
First read the instructions that came with the CPU. Follow the procedures below step by step.
1. Locate the processor socket on the motherboard and carefully remove the protective cover.
2. Pull the lever out of its locked position and let it spring into its open position.
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3. Now that the lever is in its unlocked position, lift up the metal cover to reveal the CPU socket.
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4. Place the CPU into the socket with the arrows pointing to the bottom left of the socket as shown (there
are two gaps on either sides of the CPU, make sure they fit perfectly into the socket. If it is placed
correctly, the CPU pins should be able to fit into the socket perfectly).
The CPU will not fit if the orientation is wrong. Do not try to force
the CPU into the socket; it could result in irreparable damage to the
CPU.
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5. Close the metal cover and return the lever into its original locked position.
6. Now, rest the motherboard into the chassis, align the four holes of the backplate with the four bolts of
the chassis.
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We do not recommend you to apply thermal compound at this point of
the installation. The heatsink provided along with your CPU already
has thermal grease on the bottom for your convenience. Do not apply
more thermal grease if it is already present. Too much thermal grease
will spill onto the CPU circuit and damage the CPU.
7. First align the four pegs with the four mounting holes on the motherboard. After you have made sure
that the pegs are in their proper positions, push down on the four plastic pegs until you hear clicking sounds,
notifying you that the pegs have been securely locked into the mounting holes.
To remove the heatsink, gently turn the pegs until they loosen
themselves from the mounting holes. Gently pull up the heatsink, to
prevent any damage to the CPU.
Heatsink not included in the package.
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2.4 Installing the Memory
2.4.1 DIMM Combination
The diagram below shows the 4 DIMM slots from 1 to 4.
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Types of memory supported:
There are 4 DIMM sockets for 240-pin 1.8-Volt DDR2 DIMMs (WILL ONLY SUPPORT Un-Buffered
ECC type memory modules ONLY). Please note the diagrams below to identify if your DIMM memories
are ECC or non-ECC.
Before installing your memory sticks, please ensure that the memory sticks you have are compatible with
the M215X. The M215X will only support DDR2-533/667 modules. Please study the table below for
memory module specification of the M215X.
Key Notes:
DDR2 Memory Modules Supported: 512MB – 2GB (Un-Buffered ECC Only)
Installed memory will all be automatically detected (No jumpers or settings are needed)
M215X supports up to 8GB in total
Registered memory is NOT supported
Single or double-sided DIMM are both supported. For details, please study the table below
Channel A Channel B Dual-Channel Mode
DIMM 1 DIMM 2 DIMM 3 DIMM 4
One DIMM
Only
Two DIMM
Symmetrical
Two DIMM
Symmetrical
Four DIMM
Symmetrical
Note
1. Each bullet point represents a 512MB-2GB memory module.
2. Symmetrical DIMMs must be identical.
- Same System Density (512MB, 1G, 2GB, etc)
- Matched Sided DIMMs (Single sided or Double Sided)
PS. We recommend you to use symmetrical DIMMs of the same brand/model.
512MB-2GB
512MB-4GB
512MB-4GB
2GB-8GB
Any configuration other than the recommended is not guaranteed to
work. Please refrain from using those configurations, as we cannot
provide technical support on them.
System Density
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2.4.2 Installing DIMM modules
1. Open up the brackets on the sides by flicking them to the sides:
2. Line up the memory with socket. Make sure the gap fits into the socket.
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3. Push the memory stick down until the brackets on the sides snap to secure the memory module in place.
Make sure the brackets are locked into the memory module.
These pictures only show the procedures for the installation of one
memory module. Please refer to section 2.4.1 to make sure the
memory module combination is qualified for the motherboard.
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2.5 Jumpers Configuration
2.5.1 Front Panel Connectors
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Power LED:
This 3-pin connector attaches to the power LED.
HDD Activity LED: This 2-pin connector attaches to the LED of the hard disk. The LED lights up
Power Switch:
when HDD is active.
This 2-pin connector attaches to the power button of the system.
Reset Switch:
ACPI Sleep Switch:
This 2-pin connector attaches to the case-mounted reset switch for rebooting your
computer without turning on/off your power switch.
This 2-pin connector connects to the switch that can take the system into standby
mode when pressed.
NMI to CPU Switch: This 1-pin connector connects to the switch that send Non-Maskable Interrupt to
the CPU. User can customize the button to perform a particular function.
5 VSB:
This connector provides the user with power to any extra devices that uses 5 volt
power.
Cooling Fault LED:
This connector connects to the LED that lights up when a problem arises with
cooling system.
System Fault LED:
This connector connects to the LED that lights up when a problem arises with the
system.
NIC#1 Activity LED: This connector connects to the LED that lights up when there is activity on Gbe
1.
SMBus SDA:
A private bus to BMC chips for serial data, for use with BMC only.
SMBus SCL:
A private bus to BMC chips for serial clock, for use with BMC only.
Chassis Intrusion:
This connects to the mechanical switch that indicates whether the chassis had
been opened. User can activate it if desired.
NIC#2 Activity LED: This connector connects to the LED that lights up when there is activity on Gbe
2.
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2.5.2 Clear CMOS header
Header CN5 controls CMOS setting. Position your motherboard as it appears in the following diagram. To
clear CMOS:
1. Turn off the system; make sure standby power on the power supply has been turned off too.
2. Short pin 2 and pin 3 using a jumper for a few seconds.
3. Take out the jumper.
4.
Turn on the system and reconfigure the BIOS
.
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2.5.3 Enable onboard VGA header
Header CN23 controls the onboard VGA setting.
When CN23 is open, no jumper, VGA is enabled. When CN23 is closed, VGA is disabled. Refer to the
following diagram for CN23 location:
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2.5.4 CPU FSB Setting
Headers CN1, CN2, and CN3 control the CPU FSB setting. Please refer to the table below for the available
CPU FSB settings.
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CN1 CN2 CN3 FSB
Clock/Speed
1-2 1-2 1-2 Auto (Set by
CPU)
2-3 2-3 Open Force 133 MHz
/ 533
2-3 Open 2-3 Force 200 MHz
/ 800
2-3 2-3 2-3 Force 266 MHz
/ 1066
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2.5.5 Onboard Buzzer
The header, CN25 controls the on and off state of the onboard buzzer. Jumper 3-4 enables the buzzer, and
open sets it off.
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2.5.6 Gigabit Ethernet LAN Chips
Header CN17 and CN20, that control the two Gigabit Ethernet chips. CN17 controls LAN1 chip, CN20
controls LAN2 chip. Each can be enabled or disabled by setting the jumper by the given configuration
below. Refer to the diagram below for the locations of the headers.
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2.5.7 EEPROM Write Protector of Gigabit Ethernet LAN
Header CN18 and CN21 are EEPROM Write Protector for the two Gigabit Ethernet chips. CN18 is LAN1
protector; CN21 is LAN2 protector. Each can be enabled or disabled by setting the jumper by the given
configuration below. Refer to the diagram below for the locations of the headers.
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2.5.8 CPU 3/4 pin FAN Select Jumper
Header CN35, CN47, CN48 and CN49 are CPU 3/4-pin fan select jumper. Each can be enabled or disabled
by setting the jumper by the given configuration below. Refer to the diagram below for the locations of the
headers.
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2.6 Power Supply
2.6.1 ATX 24-pin power connector and CPU 8/4-pin connector
There are one 24-pin power input connection and one 8/4-pin power input connection on the motherboard.
The 24-pin power connection is used to connect to the power supply, while the 8/4-pin power connection is
used to power up the CPU. BOTH must be connected in order for the system to boot up. Make sure the
plugs are inserted into the connectors properly, to prevent any damage.
Please make sure your power supply can support at least 2 amps standby power for the Advanced
Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) functions.
Refer to the following diagram below for the connector locations.
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Make sure the AC adapter is not plugged into the wall outlet during
installation. The electric current could damage the motherboard.
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2.7 Cables & Connectors
2.7.1 Floppy disk drive connector
The following diagram indicates the location of the floppy drive connector:
To install the floppy drive, first refer to the instructions that come with the floppy drive. Then follow the
instructions here.
Attaching a floppy drive can be done in a similar manner to an IDE drive. Most of the current floppy
drives on the market require that the cable be installed with the colored stripe positioned next to the power
connector. In most cases, there will be a key pin on the cable, which will force proper connection of the
cable.
The motherboard supports only one floppy connector, and the connector can support only one floppy drive.
Below are some symptoms of incorrectly installed floppy drives. Wrong installation should not cause
severe damage but it may cause your system to freeze or crash when trying to read and/or write to the
floppy diskette.
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Diagnosing an incorrectly installed floppy drive
Drive is not automatically detected. Usually caused by faulty cables, cables put in
backwards or a bad floppy drive or motherboard.
Try another floppy drive to verify the problem if
the cable is properly installed or try replacing the
actual cable. Also check to see if the onboard
floppy controller is enabled in the BIOS setup.
Drive Fail message at boot-up. The cable, floppy drive or motherboard may be
faulty. Try another drive or cable to verify.
Drive does not power on. Check power cable and cabling. Maybe a bad
power supply or drive cable problem.
Drive activity light is constantly on. Usually signifies that the cable on the drive is on
backwards, which is a common issue. Reverse the
cable on the floppy drive end and try again.
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2.7.2 IDE connectors
The following diagram indicates the location of the IDE connector:
Read the instructions that come with the IDE drive and then consult the instructions here.
For Parallel ATA, installing IDE drives has become simpler over the years. The cables are now “keyed” to
guide the user to the correct installation configuration. Each IDE connector can support two IDE drives.
For the first IDE drive you want to use the Pri_IDE connector (setting the drive to Master). For the second
IDE drive you can either use the connector (in which case, the second IDE drive should be set to Slave) or
you use the Sec_IDE connector (in this case, set the second IDE drive to Master).
Remember to set BIOS to match the configuration that you
implement here. Go to Main Menu section of BIOS for
detail.
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2.7.3 Rear Panel I/O ports
The following illustration displays the motherboard I/O port array.
Type of Port Function
PS/2 Mouse connector The system will direct IRQ12 to the PS/2 mouse if
one is detected. If not detected, IRQ12 can be used
for expansion slot.
PS/2 Keyboard connector This connection is for a standard keyboard using a
PS/2 plug (mini DIN). This connector will not
allow standard AT size (large DIN) keyboard
plugs. You may use a DIN to mini DIN adapter on
standard AT keyboards.
USB Ports Two or four external USB 2.0 ports that allow
simultaneous connections of 2 USB devices.
Serial Port connector (9-pin male) This serial port can be used for pointing devices or
other serial devices. See BIOS setup.
VGA connector (15-pin female) The VGA port connects display devices such as a
monitor. See the BIOS setup.
Gigabit Ethernet Port 1 & 2 These ports are RJ-45. The motherboard uses the
Intel Marvell dual channel Gigabit Ethernet.
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2.7.4 Back Panel LAN LED
Back Panel LAN LED:
The table below will allow the user to monitor LAN activities from the back of the system.
State of Link
No link OFF OFF
Link @ 10Mbps On/Blink OFF
Link @ 100Mbps On/Blink ON (Green)
Link @ 1000Mbps On/Blink ON (Orange)
Activity BLINK ON
Link/Activity LED
(Green)
Speed LED
(Green/Orange)
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2.7.5 Front USB Connector
Header CN7 controls the two front USB connections.
To activate the front USB, connect the USB wires to CN7.
Refer to the following diagram for the location of CN7.
Side A shares the same bus as USB A, therefore two USB
devices cannot use side A and USB A together. Only one
device will work at a time. The same goes for Side B and
USB B.
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2.7.6 Front Panel Serial Port Connector
Header CN27 controls the activation of front panel serial port.
In the specification, front panel serial port is COM2; the back panel is COM1.
Refer to the following diagram for location and orientation of CN27.
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CHAPTER 3. BIOS SETUP
This chapter discusses the PhoenixBIOS setup program built into the ROM BIOS.
BIOS is the basic input/output system, the firmware on the motherboard that enables the hardware to
interact with the software. The setup program allows the users to modify the basic system configurations
according to their needs. The configuration is then stored in a battery-backed NVRAM so that it retains the
configuration even when the power is turned off. The PhoenixBIOS installed in the motherboard’s ROM is
a custom version of an industry standard BIOS.
The rest of the chapter will list all the menus and sub-menus in the BIOS. Along with them, you can also
find the list of varieties for any configurable item in the BIOS.
3.1 ENTERING BIOS SETUP
The PhoenixBIOS is activated when the system powers on. The BIOS reads the system information
contained in the CMOS and begins the process of checking the system and configuring it. After finishing
configuring the whole system, BIOS will seek an OS on disk and turn over control of the system to the OS
found.
While BIOS is in control, the Setup menu can be accessed by pressing the <F2> key when the following
message appears briefly at the bottom of the screen during Power On Self Test: “Press <F2> to enter
SETUP.”
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3.2 Using Setup
The following table provides details about how to navigate the Setup program using keyboard.
KEY FUNCTION
Up Arrow ↑
Move to the previous item.
Down Arrow ↓
Left Arrow ←
Right Arrow →
Esc In the submenu: Exit the submenu.
Enter Select the item. A pop-up window will appear to allow setting of the item’s
+ or - Move the device up or down.
F1 General help on setup navigation keys. Press <F1> key to pop up a small help
F9 Setup Defaults.
F10 Save and Exit.
Move to the next item.
Move to the previous menu.
Move to the next menu.
In the main menu: Exit without saving.
value. If the item has a 4in front of it, it means that the item leads to a submenu. Pressing <Enter> will take you to the sub-menu.
window that describe the appropriate keys to use and the possible selections for
the highlighted item. To exit the Help Window, press <ESC> key or <F1> key
again.
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3.3 Troubleshooting
In case the system cannot be booted after some changes in BIOS, use the clear CMOS jumper setting to
reset the BIOS to default (See Page 31). To avoid such problem, configure only the items that you
thoroughly understand and refrain from modifying the advanced settings.
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the IDE/SATA sub-menu page:
Item Options Description
Type Auto
None
ATAPI Removable
CD-ROM
IDE Removable
Other ATAPI
User
Multi-Sector Transfers Disabled
2 sectors
4 sectors
8 sectors
16 sectors
User = you enter parameters of
hard disk drive installed at this
connection.
Auto = autotypes hard disk drive
installed here. 1-39 = you select
pre-determined type of hard-disk
drive installed here.
CD-ROM = a CD-ROM drive is
installed here.
ATAPI Removable = removable
disk drive is installed here.
Specify the number of sectors
per block for multiple sector
transfers. ‘Max’ refers to the
size the disk returns when
queried.
Item Specific Help
User = you enter
parameters of hard
disk drive installed at
this connection. Auto
= autotypes hard disk
drive install here. 139 = you select predetermined type of
hard-disk drive
installed here. CDROM = a CD-ROM
drive is installed here.
ATAPI Removable =
removable disk drive
is installed here.
LBA Mode Control Disabled
Enabled
32 Bit I/O Disabled
Enabled
53
Enabling LBA causes Logical
Block Addressing to be used in
place of Cylinders, Heads &
Sectors.
This setting enables or disables
32 bit IDE data transfers.
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Transfer Mode Standard
Fast PIO 1
Fast PIO 2
Fast PIO 3
Fast PIO 4
FPIO 3/ DMA 1
FPIO 4/ DMA 2
Select the method for moving
data to/from the drive. Autotype
the drive to select the optimum
transfer mode.
Ultra DMA Mode Disabled
Mode 0
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
Mode 4
Mode 5
All the IDE Channel sub-menus and SATA sub-menus
have the same sub-menu layout as the one shown above..
Selects the Ultra DMA mode
used for moving data to/from the
drive. Autotype the drive to
select the optimum transfer
mode.
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3.4.2 Memory Cache Sub-Menu
Main
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Boot Features Item Specific Help
Cache System Bios area: [Write Protect]
Cache Video BIOS area: [Write Protect]
Cache Base 0-512k: [Write Back]
Cache Base 512k-640k: [Write Back]
Cache Extended Memory Area: [Write Back]
Cache A000-AFFF: [Disabled]
Cache B000-BFFF: [Disabled]
Cache C800-CBFF: [Disabled]
Cache CC00-CFFF: [Disabled]
Cache D000-D3FF: [Disabled]
Cache D400-D7FF: [Disabled]
Cache D800-DBFF: [Disabled]
Cache DC00-DFFF: [Disabled]
Cache E000-E3FF: [Disabled]
Cache E400-E7FF: [Write Protect]
Cache E800-EBFF: [Write Protect]
Cache EC00-EFFF: [Write Protect]
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
Installed O/S: [WIN2000]
Reset Configuration Data: [NO]
Large Disk Access Mode: [DOS]
Enable ACPI (debug only): [Yes]
Route Port 80h cycles to: [PCI]
Legacy USB Support: [Enabled]
Option ROM Placement [Enabled]
Setup Warning
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize in the “Advanced” menu page:
Item Options Description
Installed O/S Other
Win95
Win98
WinMe
Win2000
Select the operating system
installed on your system which
you will use most commonly.
Note: An incorrect setting can
cause some operating systems to
display unexpected behavior.
Item Specific Help
Select options for
Advanced Chipset
features.
Reset Configuration Data Yes
No
Large Disk Access Mode Other
DOS
57
Select ‘Yes’ if you want to clear
the extended system
configuration data (ESCD) area.
UNIX, Novell NetWare, or
other operating systems, select
'Other'. If you are installing new
software and the drive fails,
change this selection and try
again. Different operating
systems require different
representations of drive
geometries.
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Item Options Description
I/O cycles to the LPC
Enable ACPI (debug only) Yes
No
En/Disable ACPI Bios
(Advanced Configuration and
Power Interface) Debug only,
removes this option for
production.
Route Port 80h cycles to LPC
PCI
Legacy USB Support Enable support for Legacy
Option ROM Placement Disabled
E000 Extension by PFA
Temporary Relocation by PFA
E000 Extension by Size
Temporary Relocation by Size
Disabled – Port always
LPC – Routes Port 80h
bus
PCI – Routes Port 80h I/O
cycles to the PCI bus
Universal Serial Bus
You chose to apply option ROM
placement feature, while you
know it was risky. If the system
hangs during boot, please restart
the system and come here to
change the setting.
Special Explanation regarding Native Mode, Serial ATA and Parallel ATA:
In native mode, devices are assigned by PCI; it can support up to six devices, four on Parallel ATA, two on
Serial ATA. Native mode is the default BIOS selection. It is represented by “Parallel ATA = BOTH“,
“Serial ATA = Enabled“ and “Native Mode Operation = Both”.
M215X also supports legacy mode where devices be assigned by I/O, IRQ. Legacy mode can support up to
4 devices. Legacy mode is enabled by a combination of selections on Native Mode Operation, Serial ATA
and Parallel ATA items.
The following list shows the various combinations for legacy mode:
1. “Parallel ATA = BOTH”, “Serial ATA = “Disabled”: in this combination, Parallel ATA supports
all four devices on channel 0 and 1.
2. “Parallel ATA = channel 0”, “Serial ATA = Enabled”, “Native Mode Operation = Auto”: in this
combination, Parallel ATA supports two devices on channel 0 and Serial ATA supports two
devices.
3. “Parallel ATA = channel 1”, “Serial ATA = Enabled”, “Native Mode Operation = Auto”: in this
combination, Parallel ATA supports two devices on channel 1 and Serial ATA supports two
devices.
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3.5.1 PCI Configuration
The PCI Configuration Menu looks like the following:
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the PCI Configuration Menu page:
Item Options Description
Slot #1 – PCI 32 –bit Setup items for configuring the
specific PCI device
Option ROM Scan Enabled
Disabled
Slot #4 – PCI-X 64 –bit Setup items for configuring the
Option ROM Scan Enabled
Disabled
Initialize device expansion
ROM
specific PCI device
Initialize device expansion
ROM
Slot #5 – PCI-X 64 –bit Setup items for configuring the
specific PCI device
Option ROM Scan Enabled
Disabled
Initialize device expansion
ROM
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3.5.2 Advanced Chipset Control
The Advanced Chipset Control Menu looks like the following:
Advanced
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Advanced Chipset Control Item Specific Help
►Integrated Device Control Sub-Menu
►PCI Express Sub-Menu
Default Primary Video Adapter [Auto]
Parallel ATA [Enabled]
Serial ATA [Enabled]
Native Mode Operation [Auto]
SATA Controller Mode Option [Compatible]
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
These items determine
whether the integrated
PCI devices will be
enabled in PCI config
space.
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the Advanced Chipset sub-menu page:
Item Options Description
Default Primary Video Adapter IGD
PEG
PCI
Auto
This allows you to select the
Video device used by the BIOS
during POST.
ATTENTION: To turn on Raid or AHCI (the SATA RAID Enable and SATA AHCI Enable options will
ONLY appear if SATA Controller Mode Option is turned to Enhanced). Raid will ONLY be turned on if
SATA RAID Enable is enabled. The system should be restarted after it has been enabled. The raid setup
menu can be accessed with CTRL+I during boot up:
The Advanced Chipset Control Sub-Menu should look like this if RAID or AHCI are to be enabled:
Advanced
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Advanced Chipset Control Item Specific Help
►Integrated Device Control Sub-Menu
►PCI Express Sub-Menu
Default Primary Video Adapter [Auto]
Parallel ATA [Enabled]
Serial ATA [Enabled]
SATA Controller Mode Option [Enhanced]
SATA RAID Enable [Disabled]
SATA AHCI Enable [Disabled]
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
These items determine
whether the integrated
PCI devices will be
enabled in PCI config
space.
The table below is the options you can customize after changing the option of SATA Controller Mode Option to Enhanced.
Item Options Description
SATA Controller Mode Option Compatible
Enhanced
Compatible mode: SATA and
PATA drives are auto-detected
and placed in Legacy mode.
Enhanced (non-AHCI) mode:
SATA and PATA drives are
auto-detected and placed in
Native IDE mode
Note: Pre-Win2k OS’s do not
work in Enhanced mode.
The integrated device control sub-menu looks like the following:
Advanced
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Advanced Chipset Control Item Specific Help
USB Device 29, Function 3: [Enabled]
USB Device 29, Function 2 & 3: [Enabled]
USB Device 29, Function 1 & 2 & 3: [Enabled]
USB Device 29, Function 0&1&2&3: [Enabled]
USB Device 29, Function 7: [Enabled]
Enable or Disable this
USB Device by
setting item to the
desired value.
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The table below is a list of things that you can customize in the integrated device control sub-menu.
Item Options Description
USB Device 29, Function 3 Disabled
Enabled
USB Device 29, Function 2 & 3 Disabled
Enabled
USB Device 29, Function 1 & 2
& 3
USB Device 29, Function
0&1&2&3
USB Device 29, Function 7 Disabled
Disabled
Enabled
Disabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enable or Disable this USB
Device by setting item to the
desired value.
Enable or Disable this USB
Device by setting item to the
desired value.
Enable or Disable this USB
Device by setting item to the
desired value.
Enable or Disable this USB
Device by setting item to the
desired value.
Enable or Disable this USB
Device by setting item to the
desired value.
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3.5.5 Express Sub-Menu
The PCI Express Sub Menu looks like the following:
Advanced
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
PCI Express Device Control Item Specific Help
PCI Express Base Address = E0000000h
GMCH Base Address = FED14000h
PCI Express Base Address = FED18000h
PCI Express Base Address = FED19000h
►PEG Port Sub-Menu
►PEG1 Port Sub-Menu
ICH7 RCB Base Address = FED1C000h
►Root Port #1 Sub-Menu
►Root Port #5 Sub-Menu
►Root Port #6 Sub-Menu
These items are for
debugging the PCI
Express Graphics
Port.
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the PCI Express Device Control sub-menu
page:
Item Options Description
PEG Port Sub-Menu
Enabled
Disabled
Disabled – Port always disabled.
Enabled – Port always enabled.
Auto – Only enable if card
found.
Debug – Only enable if card
found. Don’t force link width.
PEG1 Port Sub-Menu
All items on this menu cannot
be modified in user mode. If any
items require changes, please
consult your system Supervisor.
Root Port #1, #5, ad #6 Sub
Menu
Auto
Disabled
Enabled
64
Disabled – Port always disabled
(If Port #1 if disabled, then the
rest of the Ports will also be
disabled.)
Enabled – Port always enabled.
Auto – Only enable if card
found.
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3.5.6 Advanced Processor Options Sub Menu
The Advanced Processor Options Sub Menu looks like the following:
Fast String operations [Enabled]
Compatible FPU Code [Disabled]
Adjacent Cache Line Prefetch [Enabled]
Set Max Ext CPUID = 3 [Disabled]
Echo TPR [Enabled]
C1 Enhanced Mode [Disabled]
Intel (R) Virtualization Technology [Disabled]
No Execute Mode Men Protection [Enabled]
Frequency Ratio [Default]
Multi Core Processor
Only single thread and
core is enabled
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the Advanced Processor sub-menu page:
Item Options Description
Single Logical Proc. Mode Disabled
Enabled
Multi Core Processor
Only single thread and core is
enabled
Intel Enhanced Debug Disabled
[FOR DEBUG ONLY]
Enabled
Machine Checking Disabled
Enabled
Fast String operations Disabled
Enabled
Compatible FPU Code Disabled
Enabled
Adjacent Cache Line Prefetch Disabled
Enabled
Set Max Ext CPUID = 3 Disabled
Enabled
65
[FOR DEBUG ONLY]
[FOR DEBUG ONLY]
[FOR DEBUG ONLY]
[FOR DEBUG ONLY]
Sets Max CPUID extended
function value to 3.
Page 66
Item Options Description
Echo TPR Disabled
Enabled
[FOR DEBUG ONLY]
C1 Enhanced Mode Disabled
Enabled
Intel (R) Virtualization
Technology
No Execute Mode Men
Protection
Frequency Ratio Default
Disabled
Enabled
Disabled
Enabled
X 14
X 15
X 16
X 17
X 18
Vanderpool Technology
Select the internal frequency
multiplier of the CPU
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3.5.7 I/O Device Configuration Sub Menu
The I/O Device Configuration Sub Menu looks like the following:
Advanced
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
I/O Device Configuration Item Specific Help
Serial port A: [Enabled]
Base I/O Address: [3F8]
Interrupt: [IRQ 4]
Serial port B: [Enabled]
Mode: [Normal]
Base I/O Address: [2F8]
Interrupt: [IRQ 3]
Floppy disk controller: [Enabled]
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
Configure serial port
A using options:
[Disabled]
No configuration
[Enabled]
User configuration
[Auto]
BIOS or OS chooses
configuration
(OS Controlled)
Displayed when
controlled by OS
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the I/O Device Configuration sub-menu
page:
Item Options Description
Serial port Disabled
Enabled
Auto
Configure serial port using
options:
[Disabled]: No configuration.
[Enabled]: User configuration.
[Auto]: BIOS or OS chooses
configuration.
(OS controlled): Displays when
controlled by OS.
Serial Port
Base I/O Address
3F8
2F8
3E8
2E8
Serial Port
Mode:
Normal
IrDA
ASK-IR
Serial Port
Interrupt
IRQ 3
IRQ 4
Floppy disk controller Disabled
Enabled
Auto
67
Set the base I/O address for
serial port.
Set the mode for serial port.
Set the interrupt for serial port.
Configure using options:
[Disabled]: No configuration.
[Enabled]: User configuration.
[Auto]: BIOS or OS chooses
configuration.
(OS controlled): Displays when
controlled by OS.
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3.5.8 Console Redirection Sub Menu
The Console Redirection Sub Menu looks like the following:
Advanced
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Console Redirection Item Specific Help
Com Port Address [Disabled]
Baud Rate [19.2K]
Console Type [PC ANSI]
Flow Control [CTS/RTS]
Console connection [Direct]
Continue C.R. after POST [Off]
If enabled, it will use
a port on the
motherboard.
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the Console Redirection sub-menu page:
Item Options Description
Com Port Address Disabled
On-board COM A
If enabled, it will use a port on
the motherboard.
On-board COM B
Baud Rate 300
Enables the specified baud rate.
1200
2400
9600
19.2K
38.4K
57.6K
115.2K
Console Type VT100
VT100, 8bit
PC-ANSI, 7bit
PC-ANSI
VT100+
VT-UTF8
Flow Control None
XON/XOFF
CTS/RTS
Console connection Direct
Via modem
Continue C.R. after POST Off
On
68
Enables the specified console
type.
Enables flow control
Indicate whether the console is
connected directly to the system
or a modem is used to connect.
Enables Console Redirection
after OS has loaded.
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3.5.9 DMI Event Logging Sub Menu
The DMI even logging sub-menu looks like the following:
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Advanced
DMI Event Logging Item Specific Help
Event log validity Valid
Event log capacity Space Available
Mark DMI events as read [Enter]
Clear all DMI events logs [No]
View the contents of
the DMI event log.
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The table below is the options that you can customize under the DMI Event Logging sub-menu:
Item Options Description
View DMI event log Enter View the contents of the DMI
Event Logging Disabled
Enabled
Mark DMI events as read Enter Press Enter to mark all DMI
Clear all DMI event logs No
Yes
event log.
Select ‘Enabled’ to allow
logging of DMI events.
events in the event log as read.
Setting this to ‘Yes’ will clear
the DMI event log after
rebooting.
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3.6 Security Menu:
Main Advanced Security Power Boot Server Exit
PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility
Supervisor Password Is: Clear
User Password Is: Clear
Set Supervisor Password: [Enter]
Set User Password: [Enter]
Diskette access: [Supervisor]
Fixed disk boot sector: [Normal]
Virus check reminder: [Disabled]
System backup reminder: [Disabled]
Password on boot: [Disabled]
FirstWare Authentication Level [High]
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the Security menu page:
Item Options Description
Supervisor Password Is Clear
Set
Displays the password if there is
one.
Supervisor Password
controls access to the
setup utility.
Item Specific Help
User Password Is Clear
Set
Displays the password if there is
one.
Set Supervisor Password Enter Supervisor Password controls
access to the setup utility.
Set User Password Enter *Note: to use this feature, you
must first set supervisor
password.
Diskette access User
Supervisor
Fixed disk boot sector Normal
Write Protect
Controls access to diskette
drives
Write protects boot sector on
hard disk to protect against
viruses
Virus check reminder Disabled
Daily
Weekly
Displays reminder message at
boot (daily, every Monday or 1st
of every month)
Monthly
System backup reminder Disabled
Daily
Weekly
Displays reminder message at
boot (daily, every Monday or 1st
of every month)
Monthly
Password on boot Disabled
Enables password entry on boot
Enabled
FirstWare Authentication Level High
Medium
Select FirstWare authentication
level
Low
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3.7 Power Menu:
Main Advanced Security Power Boot Server Exit
PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility
Power Saving: [Disabled]
Power Button Behavior: [On/Off]
After Power Failure: [Last State]
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
The following table shows the items that you can customize on the Power menu page:
Item Options Description
Power Saving Disabled
Customized
Maximum Power Savings
Maximum Performance
Maximum Power Savings
conserves the greatest amount of
system power.
Maximum Performance
conserves power but allows
greatest system performance.
To alter these settings, choose
Customized.
To turn off power management,
choose Disabled.
Maximum Power
Savings conserves the
greatest amount of
system power.
Maximum
performance
conserves power but
allows greatest system
performance. To alter
these settings, choose
Customized. To turn
off power
management, choose
Disabled.
Item Specific Help
Power Button Behavior On/Off
Wake/Sleep
After Power Failure Stay Off
Last State
Power On
71
Select the desired system power
state after pressing power
button.
On/Off: System powers off.
Wake/Sleep: System enter sleep
mode.
Sets the mode of operation IF an
AC/Power Loss occurs. The
two modes are:
‘Stay Off’ keeps the power off
until power button is pressed;
‘Last State’ restores previous
power state before loss
occurred;
‘Power On’ turns on the system
when AC power becomes
available.
Page 72
3.8 Boot Menu:
All the possible devices that you can boot from are automatically detected and listed on the page.
The items with a ‘+’ in front of it indicates that the item is a category with more devices nested under it.
You can use <Enter> to display the nested devices.
The first device listed is the first boot device. In the example shown below, the CD-ROM is the first boot
device, followed by the ST380023AS- (P0) in the category of hard drive.
Main Advanced Security Power Boot Server Exit
PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility
Boot priority order:
1: Legacy Floppy Drives
2: IDE 0: ST380023AS-(S1)
3: IDE 1:
4: IDE 2:
5: IDE 3:
6: IDE 4:
7: IDE 5:
8: All IDE HD
Excluded from boot order:
: PCI BEV: IBA GE Slot 0400 v1228
: PCI BEV: IBA GE Slot 0600 v1228
: Legacy Network Card:
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
Item Specific Help
Keys used to view or
configure devices:
<Enter> expands or
collapses devices with
a + or - <Ctrl-Enter>
expands all <Shift-1>
enables or disables a
device. <+> and <->
moves the device up
or down. <n> may
move removable
device between Hard
Disk or Removable
Disk. <d> Remove a
device that is not
installed.
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3.9 Server Menu:
PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility
Main Advanced Security Power Boot Server Exit
► Hardware Monitor
Item Specific Help
Show hardware
monitor Current state
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
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3.9.1 Hardware Monitor
The Hardware Monitor looks like the following:
PhoenixBIOS cME FirstBIOS Pro Setup Utility
Server
Hardware Monitor Item Specific Help
CPU Fan Speed = 3827 RPM
CN38 Fan Speed = No Function
CN41 Fan Speed = No Function
CN42 Fan Speed = No Function
CPU Temperature = 127 (℃)
DIMM Temperature = 31 (℃)
On-Chip Temp. = 127 (℃)
VCC to Processor = +1.4875 V
+5.0 Volt = +5.294 V
+5.0 Volt Standby = +5.10 V
+3.3 Volt = +3.450 V
+3.3 Volt Standby = +3.354 V
+12.0 Volt = +12.24 V
Battery (3.0V) = +3.450 V)
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
All items on this
menu cannot be
modified in user
mode. If any items
require changes,
please consult your
system Supervisor.
F1 Help ↑↓ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ←→Select Menu Enter Select►Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit
PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility
Item Specific Help
Exit System Setup and
save your changes to
CMOS.
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APPENDIX I: Glossary
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface): a power management
specification that allows the operating system to control the amount of power distributed
to the computer’s devices. Devices not in use can be turned off, reducing unnecessary
power expenditure.
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port): a PCI-based interface, which was designed
specifically for demands of 3D graphics applications. The 32-bit AGP channel directly
links the graphics controller to the main memory. While the channel runs only at 66
MHz, it supports data transmission during both the rising and falling ends of the clock
cycle, yielding an effective speed of 133 MHz.
ATAPI (AT Attachment Packet Interface): also known as IDE or ATA; a drive
implementation that includes the disk controller on the device itself. It allows CD-ROMs
and tape drives to be configured as master or slave devices, just like HDDs.
ATX: the form factor designed to replace the AT form factor. It improves on the AT
design by rotating the board 90 degrees, so that the IDE connectors are closer to the drive
bays, and the CPU is closer to the power supply and cooling fan. The keyboard, mouse,
USB, serial, and parallel ports are built-in.
Bandwidth: refers to carrying capacity. The greater the bandwidth, the more data the
bus, phone line, or other electrical path can carry. Greater bandwidth results in greater
speed.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System): the program that resides in the ROM chip, which
provides the basic instructions for controlling your computer’s hardware. Both the
operating system and application software use BIOS routines to ensure compatibility.
Buffer: a portion of RAM, which is used to temporarily store data; usually from an
application though it is also used when printing, and in most keyboard drivers. The CPU
can manipulate data in a buffer before copying it to a disk drive. While this improves
system performance (reading to or writing from a disk drive a single time is much faster
than doing so repeatedly) there is the possibility of losing your data should the system
crash. Information in a buffer is temporarily stored, not permanently saved.
Bus: a data pathway. The term is used especially to refer to the connection between the
processor and system memory, and between the processor and PCI or ISA local buses.
Bus mastering: allows peripheral devices and IDEs to access the system memory
without going through the CPU (similar to DMA channels).
Cache: a temporary storage area for data that will be needed often by an application.
Using a cache lowers data access times since the information is stored in SRAM instead
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of slower DRAM. Note that the cache is also much smaller than your regular memory: a
typical cache size is 512KB, while you may have as much as 4GB of regular memory.
Closed and open jumpers: jumpers and jumper pins are active when they are “on” or
“closed”, and inactive when they are “off” or “open”.
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductors): chips that hold the basic
startup information for the BIOS.
COM port: another name for the serial port, which is called as such because it transmits
the eight bits of a byte of data along one wire, and receives data on another single wire
(that is, the data is transmitted in serial form, one bit after another). Parallel ports transmit
the bits of a byte on eight different wires at the same time (that is, in parallel form, eight
bits at the same time).
DDR (Double Data Rate): a technology designed to double the clock speed of the
memory. It activates output on both the rising and falling edge of the system clock rather
than on just the rising edge, potentially doubling output.
DIMM (Dual In-line Memory Module): faster and more capacious form of RAM than
SIMMs, and do not need to be installed in pairs.
DIMM bank: sometimes called DIMM socket because the physical slot and the logical
unit are the same. That is, one DIMM module fits into one DIMM socket, which is
capable of acting as a memory bank.
DMA (Direct Memory Access): channels that are similar to IRQs. DMA channels allow
hardware devices (like soundcards or keyboards) to access the main memory without
involving the CPU. This frees up CPU resources for other tasks. As with IRQs, it is vital
that you do not double up devices on a single line. Plug-n-Play devices will take care of
this for you.
DMI: A specification that establishes a standard framework for managing networked
computers. DMI covers hardware and software, desktop systems and servers, and defines
a model for filtering events and describing interfaces.
DRAM (Dynamic RAM): widely available, very affordable form of RAM, which looses
data if it is not recharged regularly (every few milliseconds). This refresh requirement
makes DRAM three to ten times slower than non-recharged RAM such as SRAM.
ECC (Error Correction Code or Error Checking and Correcting): allows data to be
checked for errors during run-time. Errors can subsequently be corrected at the same time
that they’re found.
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EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM): also called Flash BIOS, it is
a ROM chip, which can, unlike normal ROM, be updated. This allows you to keep up
with changes in the BIOS programs without having to buy a new chip.
ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data): a format for storing information about
Plug-n-Play devices in the system BIOS. This information helps properly configure the
system each time it boots.
Firmware: low-level software that controls the system hardware.
Form factor: an industry term for the size, shape, power supply type, and external
connector type of the Personal Computer Board (PCB) or motherboard. The standard
form factors are the AT and ATX.
IDE (Integrated Device/Drive Electronics): a simple, self-contained HDD interface. It
can handle drives up to 8.4 GB in size. Almost all IDEs sold now are in fact Enhanced
IDEs (EIDEs), with maximum capacity determined by the hardware controller.
IDE INT (IDE Interrupt): the hardware interrupt signal that goes to the IDE.
I/O (Input/Output): the connection between your computer and another piece of
hardware (mouse, keyboard, etc.)
IRQ (Interrupt Request): an electronic request that runs from a hardware device to the
CPU. The interrupt controller assigns priorities to incoming requests and delivers them to
the CPU. It is important that there is only one device hooked up to each IRQ line;
doubling up devices on IRQ lines can lock up your system. Plug-n-Play operating
systems can take care of these details for you.
Latency: the amount of time that one part of a system spends waiting for another part to
catch up. This occurs most commonly when the system sends data out to a peripheral
device and has to wait for the peripheral to spread (peripherals tend to be slower than
onboard system components).
NVRAM: ROM and EEPROM are both examples of Non-Volatile RAM, memory that
holds its data without power. DRAM, in contrast, is volatile.
OPROM: Firmware on adapter cards that control bootable peripherals. The system
BIOS interrogates the option ROMs to determine which devices can be booted.
Parallel port: transmits the bits of a byte on eight different wires at the same time.
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect): a 32 or 64-bit local bus (data pathway),
which is faster than the ISA bus. Local buses are those, which operate within a single
system (as opposed to a network bus, which connects multiple systems).
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PCI PIO (PCI Programmable Input/Output) modes: the data transfer modes used by
IDE drives. These modes use the CPU for data transfer (in contrast, DMA channels do
not). PCI refers to the type of bus used by these modes to communicate with the CPU.
PCI-to-PCI bridge: allow you to connect multiple PCI devices onto one PCI slot.
PnP (Plug-n-Play): a design standard that has become ascendant in the industry. Plug-n-
Play devices require little set-up to use. Devices and operating systems that are not Plugn-Play require you to reconfigure your system each time you add or change any part of
your hardware.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks): a way for the same data to be stored
in different places on many hard drives. By using this method, the data is stored
redundantly and multiple hard drives will appear as a single drive to the operating
system. RAID level 0 is known as striping, where data is striped (or overlapped) across
multiple hard drives, but offers no fault-tolerance. RAID level 1 is known as mirroring,
which stores the data within at least two hard drives, but does not stripe. RAID level 1
also allows for faster access time and fault-tolerance, since either hard drive can be read
at the same time. RAID level 0+1 is both striping and mirroring, providing faulttolerance, striping, and faster access all at the same time.
SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic RAM): called as such because it can keep two sets of
memory addresses open simultaneously. By transferring data alternately from one set of
addresses and then the other, SDRAM cuts down on the delays associated with nonsynchronous RAM, which must close one address bank before opening the next.
Serial port: called as such because it transmits the eight bits of a byte of data along one
wire, and receives data on another single wire (that is, the data is transmitted in serial
form, one bit after another).
Sleep/Suspend mode: in this mode, all devices except the CPU shut down.
SRAM (Static RAM): unlike DRAM, this type of RAM does not need to be refreshed in
order to prevent data loss. Thus, it is faster and more expensive.
SMBIOS: The system management specification addresses how motherboard and system
vendors present management information about their products in a standard format by
extending the BIOS interface on Intel architecture systems.
Standby mode: in this mode, the video and hard drives shut down; all other devices
continue to operate normally.
UltraDMA-33/66/100: a fast version of the old DMA channel. UltraDMA is also called
UltraATA. Without a proper UltraDMA controller, your system cannot take advantage of
higher data transfer rates of the new UltraDMA/UltraATA hard drives.
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USB (Universal Serial Bus): a versatile port. This one port type can function as a serial,
parallel, mouse, keyboard or joystick port. It is fast enough to support video transfer, and
is capable of supporting up to 127 daisy-chained peripheral devices.
ZCR (Zero Channel RAID): ZCR card provides RAID-5 solution by working with the
onboard SCSI/SATA/SATA-II chip through special PCI-X slot with Intel RAIDIOS
logic, thus lowering cost of RAID-5 solution
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