Apex PA89, PA89A Datasheet

HIGH VOLTAGE POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS

MICROTECHNOLOGY

HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM (800) 546-APEX [phone]

FEATURES

• 1140V P-P SIGNAL OUTPUT

• WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±75V to ±600V

• PROGRAMMABLE CURRENT LIMIT

• 75 mA CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT

• HERMETIC SEALED PACKAGE

• INPUT PROTECTION

PA89 • PA89A

APPLICATIONS

• PIEZOELECTRIC POSITIONING

• HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION

• ELECTROSTATIC DEFLECTION

• SEMICONDUCTOR TESTING

DESCRIPTION

The PA89 is an ultra high voltage, MOSFET operational
amplifier designed for output currents up to 75 mA. Output
voltages can swing over 1000V p-p. The safe operating area
(SOA) has no second breakdown limitations and can be
observed with all types of loads by choosing an appropriate
current limiting resistor. High accuracy is achieved with a
cascode input circuit configuration and 120dB open loop gain.
All internal biasing is referenced to a bootstrapped zener­MOSFET current source, giving the PA89 a wide supply range
and excellent supply rejection. The MOSFET output stage is
biased for class A/B linear operation. External compensation
provides user flexibility. The PA89 is 100% gross leak tested
to military standards for long term reliability.

This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes a beryllia (BeO) sub­strate, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and semicon­ductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top
performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide
reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The
MO-127 High Voltage, Power Dip™ package is hermetically
sealed and electrically isolated.

SIMPLIFIED SCHEMATIC

D1

Q1 Q2

Q22 Q23

Q25A Q25B

D30
D35

Q45

Q5

D57

COMP

+IN–IN

21

D34
D31

D5

109

Q29

Q19

Q44

Q26

Q36

Q20

OUT

Q42

+V

C

–V

TYPICAL APPLICATION

Ultra-high voltage capability combined with the bridge am­plifier configuration makes it possible to develop +/–1000 volt
peak swings across a piezo element. A high gain of –50 for A1
insures stability with the capacitive load, while “noise-gain”
compensation Rn and Cn on A2 insure the stability of A2 by
operating in a noise gain of 50.

50R

+600V

R

V

IN

A1

PA89

PIEZO

TRANSDUCER

–600V

SINGLE AXIS MICRO-POSITIONING

50R

50R

+600V

PA89

–600V

A2

EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS*

–IN
+IN

N/C

8

S

L

7

6

N/C
–V

S

OUT

1
2
3

TOP

TOP

VIEW

VIEW

4
5
6

R

12
11
10

9
8
7

CL

PHASE COMPENSATION

Gain C

1 470pF 470Ω

10 68pF 220Ω

S

5

Note: CC must be rated for full supply voltage –Vs to +Vs.

15 33pF 220Ω

100 15pF 220Ω

See details under “EXTERNAL COMPONENTS”.

C

RESERVED
RESERVED
COMP
COMP
+V

S

C

R =

R

PATENTED

C

C

R

C

L

CL

C

R

Cn

.7
I

LIM

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P A89 • P A89A

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

SPECIFICATIONS

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –V
OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA 100mA

S

1200V

POWER DISSIPATION, internal at TC = 25°C 40W
INPUT VOLTAGE, differential ±25V
INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode ±VS 25V
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max 300°C
TEMPERATURE, junction

2

±

150°C
TEMPERATURE, storage –65 to 125°C
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case –55 to 125°C

SPECIFICATIONS

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS

PA89

1

MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS

PA89A

INPUT

OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial .5 2 .25 .5 mV
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature Full temperature range 10 30 5 10 µV/°C
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply 7 * µV/V
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time 75 * µV/kh
BIAS CURRENT, initial
BIAS CURRENT,vs. supply .01 * pA/V
OFFSET CURRENT, initial
INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC 10
INPUT CAPACITANCE 4 * pF
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE4Full temperature range ±VS 50 * V

3

3

550 310pA
550 320pA

5

*MΩ

±

COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC Full temperature range, VCM = ±90V 96 110 * * dB
INPUT NOISE 10kHz BW, RS = 10K, CC = 15pF 4 µV RMS

GAIN

OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz RL = 10k, CC = 15pF 108 120 * * dB
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT RL = 10k, CC = 15pF, AV = 100 10 * MHz
POWER BANDWIDTH RL = 10k, CC = 15pF, VO = 500V p-p 5 * kHz
PHASE MARGIN Full temperature range, AV = 10 60 * °

OUTPUT

VOLTAGE SWING
VOLTAGE SWING

4
4

IO = 75mA ±VS 30 ±VS 15 * * V
Full temperature range, IO = 20mA ±VS 20 ±VS 12 * * V

±
±

±

±

CURRENT, continuous Full temperature range 75 * mA
SLEW RATE CC = 15pF, AV = 100 12 16 * * V/µs
CAPACITIVE LOAD, Av = 10 Full temperature range 1 * nF
CAPACITIVE LOAD, Av>10 Full temperature range SOA *
SETTLING TIME to .1% RL = 10KΩ, 10V step, Av = 10 2 * µs

POWER SUPPLY

VOLTAGE, V
CURRENT, quiescent 4.8 6.0 * * mA

4

S

Full temperature range ±75 ±500 ±600 * * * V

THERMAL

RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case5Full temperature range, F > 60Hz 2.1 2.3 * * °C/W
RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case Full temperature range, F < 60Hz 3.3 3.5 * * °C/W
RESISTANCE, junction to air Full temperature range 15 * °C/W
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case Meets full range specifications –25 +85 * * °C

NOTES: * The specification of PA89A is identical to the specification for PA89 in applicable column to the left.

1. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, CC = 68pF, RC = 220Ω, and VS = ±500V. Input parameters for bias currents and offset
voltage are ± values given.

2. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation
to achieve high MTTF.

3. Doubles for every 10°C of temperature increase.

4. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively.

5. Rating applies only if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.

CAUTION

The PA89 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed.
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or

subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.

APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: [phone]

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS

P A89 • P A89A

40

POWER DERATING

32

24

16

OUTPUT STAGE

8

0

0 25 50 75 100 125 150

INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W)

CASE TEMPERATURE, T (°C)

SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE

120
100

80

15pf, 220Ω
33pf, 220Ω

60
40

68pf, 220Ω

20

0

OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB)

C , R

CC

–20

1 100 10M

10 1K 10K 100K 1M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

SLEW RATE VS COMP

20

µ

15

10

SLEW RATE, (V/ S)

5

075

EXT. COMPENSATION CAPACITOR, C (pF)

COMMON MODE REJECTION

100

10025 50. 30 300 3K

C

PHASE RESPONSE

0

–45

33pf, 220Ω

–90

Φ

–135

68pf, 220Ω

–180

PHASE, (°)

–225

–270

1 100 1K 10M

15pf, 220Ω

C , R

CC

10 10K100K 1M

FREQUENCY F (Hz)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING

30

SO

25

20

15

10

5

0 25 75 100

OUTPUT CURRENT, I (mA)

VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, V – V (V)

HARMONIC DISTORTION

10

V = ±500V

S

C = 15pf,

C

1

R = 11K

L

A = 100

V

V = 800Vpp

O

.1

V = 600Vpp

O

V = 400Vpp

O

.01

DISTORTION, THD(%)

.001

50

R = 220Ω

C

Ω

O

V = 100Vpp

O

30K

100K100 1K 10K

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

POWER SUPPLY REJECTION

100

Q

1.10

QUIESCENT CURRENT

1.05

1.00

.95

.9

0 200 800 1200

TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, V (V)

NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I (X)

1200

400 600 1000

S

POWER RESPONSE

1000

PP

O

800
600

C = 15pf

C

500

300

C = 33pf

C

C = 68pf

OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V (V )

100

C

R = 220Ω

C

1K 3K 30K 100K

10K

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE

20

√

15

N

10

7
5

3

2

INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, e (nV/ Hz)

10 100 10K 100K

1K

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

100

CURRENT LIMIT

80

60

40

20

80

60

40

20

80

LIM

60

40

20

CURRENT LIMIT, I (mA)

0

1 100 10K 10M

10 1K 100K 1M

COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR(dB)

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

0

1 10M

POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB)

10 100 1K 10K100K 1M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

0

0 40 60 100

20 80

RESISTOR VALUE, R ( )

Ω

CL

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PA89 • PA89A

OPERATING

CONSIDERATIONS

GENERAL

Please read the “General Operating Considerations” sec­tion, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting,
current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpreta­tion. Additional information can be found in the application
notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and
mounting hardware, consult the “Accessory and Package
Mechanical Data” section of the handbook.

STABILITY

Although the PA89 can be operated at unity gain, maximum
slew rate and bandwidth performance was designed to be
obtained at gains of 10 or more. Use the small signal response
and phase response graphs as a guide. In applications where
gains of less than 10 are required, use noise gain compensa­tion to increase the phase margin of the application circuit as
illustrated in the typical application drawing.

SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)

The MOSFET output stage of this power operational ampli­fier has two distinct limitations:

1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry

and the wire bonds.

2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs.
NOTE: The output stage is protected against transient flyback.
However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback,
external fast-recovery diodes should be used.

SAFE OPERATING CURVES

The safe operating area curves define the maximum addi­tional internal power dissipation the amplifier can tolerate when
it produces the necessary output to drive an external load. This
is not the same as the absolute maximum internal power
dissipation listed elsewhere in the specification since the quies­cent power dissipation is significant compared to the total.

The compensation capacitance C

must be rated for the full

C

supply voltage range. For example, with supply voltages of
±500V the possible voltage swing across C

is 1000V. In

C

addition, a voltage coefficient less than 100PPM is recom­mended to maintain the capacitance variation to less than 5%
for this example. It is strongly recommended to use the highest
quality capacitor possible rated at least twice the total supply
voltage range.

Of equal importance are the voltage rating and voltage
coefficient of the gain setting resistances. Typical voltage
ratings of low wattage resistors are 150 to 250V. In the above
example 1000V could appear across the feedback resistor.
This would require several resistors in series to obtain the
proper voltage rating. Low voltage coefficient resistors will
insure good gain linearity. The wattage rating of the feedback
resistor is also of concern. A 1 megohm feedback resistor
could easily develop 1 watt of power dissipation.

Though high voltage rated resistors can be obtained,
a 1 megohm feedback resistor comprised of five 200Kohm, 1/
4 watt metal film resistors in series will produce the proper
voltage rating, voltage coefficient and wattage rating.

CURRENT LIMIT

For proper operation the current limit resistor (RCL) must be
connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The
minimum value is 3.5 ohm, however for optimum reliability the
resistor value should be set as high as possible. The value is
calculated as follows with the maximum practical value of 150
ohms.

.7

RCL =

I

LIM

When setting the value for RCL allow for the load current as
well as the current in the feedback resistor. Also allow for the
temperature coefficient of the current limit which is approxi­mately -0.3% /°C of case temperature rise.

EXTERNAL COMPONENTS

The very high operating voltages of the PA89 demand
consideration of two component specifications rarely of con­cern in building op amp circuits: voltage rating and voltage
coefficient.

100

50

SS

30

25°C

10mS

100mS

CAUTIONS

The operating voltages of the PA89 are potentially lethal.
During circuit design, develop a functioning circuit at the lowest
possible voltages. Clip test leads should be used for “hands
off” measurements while troubleshooting.

POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION

Unidirectional zener diode transient absorbers are recom­mended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp
transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also
clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners
are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated

15
10

125°C

85°C

for transient performance including power-on overshoot and
power-off polarity reversals as well as line regulation.

Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity rever­sals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected
against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is

5

T = T

OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V OR –V (mA)

3

SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE, V – V (V)

This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.

APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: [phone]

CASE

100 300 500 80010001200

200

SO

PA89U REV. F FEBRUARY 1998 © 1998 Apex Microtechnology Corp.

known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs
prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and
physically as close to the amplifier as possible.