AOpen MX4G User Manual

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

MX4G

DOC. NO.: MX4G-OL-E0204A

Overview

Installation

Hardware

Drivers &

Utilities

BIOS Setup

AWARD

Glossary

Troubleshooting &

Technical Support

1

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

WWhhaatt’’ss iinn tthhiiss mmaannuuaall

MX4G...............................................................................................................................................1

What’s in this manual......................................................................................................................................................2

You Must Notice.............................................................................................................................................................. 9

Before You Start............................................................................................................................................................ 10

Overview.......................................................................................................................................................................11

Feature Highlight ...........................................................................................................................................................12

Quick Installation Procedure .........................................................................................................................................16

Motherboard Map..........................................................................................................................................................17

Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................................18

Hard war e Ins tal lat ion .................................................................................................................. 1 9

About “Optional” and “Upgrade Optional”… ..................................................................................................................20

JP14 Clear CMOS Data ................................................................................................................................................21

CPU Installation ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 2

CPU Jumper-less Design .............................................................................................................................................. 25

Full-range Adjustable CPU Core Voltage.......................................................................................................................27

CPU and System Fan Connector (with H/W Monit oring) ...............................................................................................29

JP28 Keyboard/Mouse Wake-up Enable/Disable Ju mper..............................................................................................3 0

2

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

DIMM Sockets...............................................................................................................................................................31

DDR 266(PC2100) and DDR 333(PC2700) ...................................................................................................................33

Front Panel Connector..................................................................................................................................................34

ATX Power Connector ...................................................................................................................................................35

AC Power Auto Recovery..............................................................................................................................................36

IDE and Floppy Connector............................................................................................................................................37

IrDA Connector .............................................................................................................................................................39

S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) Connector.........................................................................................................40

AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port) Expansion Slot...........................................................................................................41

AGP Protection Technology........................................................................................................................................... 42

CNR (Communication and Network Riser) Expansi on Slot............................................................................................43

PC99 Color Coded Back Panel .....................................................................................................................................44

Support 10/100 Mbps LAN onboard ..............................................................................................................................45

Support 2nd and 3

Chassis Intrusion Connector ......................................................................................................................................... 47

CD Audio Connector .....................................................................................................................................................48

Modem Audio Connector...............................................................................................................................................49

Front Audio Connector .................................................................................................................................................. 5 0

COM2 Connector .......................................................................................................................................................... 51

rd

USB2.0 Ports..................................................................................................................................46

3

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Battery-less and Long Life Design ................................................................................................................................52

CPU Over-current Protection .........................................................................................................................................53

Hardware Monitoring.....................................................................................................................................................54

Resettable Fuse............................................................................................................................................................55

2200µF Low ESR Capacitor..........................................................................................................................................56

Layout (Frequency Isolation Wall).................................................................................................................................57

Enlarged Aluminum Heatsink........................................................................................................................................58

Driver and Utility .........................................................................................................................59

Auto-run Menu from Bonus CD Disc .............................................................................................................................60

Installing Intel® Chipset Software Installat ion Utili ty...................................................................................................... 61

Intel 845G VGA driver...................................................................................................................................................62

Installing Intel IAA Driver ............................................................................................................................................... 63

Installing Onboard Audio Driver.....................................................................................................................................64

Installing LAN Driver .....................................................................................................................................................65

Installing USB2.0 Driver................................................................................................................................................66

Installing Hardware Monitoring Uti lity............................................................................................................................69

ACPI Suspend to Hard Drive......................................................................................................................................... 70

ACPI Suspend to RAM (STR)........................................................................................................................................74

Phoenix-AWARD BIOS .................................................................................................................. 76

4

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

About BIOS Function Description… ..............................................................................................................................77

How To Use Award™ BIOS Setup P rogr am ..................................................................................................................78

How To Enter BIOS Set up.............................................................................................................................................80

BIOS Upgrade under Windows environment.................................................................................................................81

Overclocking................................................................................................................................83

VGA Card & Hard Disk ..................................................................................................................................................84

Glossary.......................................................................................................................................85

AC97............................................................................................................................................................................. 85

ACPI (Advanced Configuratio n & Power Interfac e) .......................................................................................................85

AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port) ...................................................................................................................................85

AMR (Audio/Modem Riser)............................................................................................................................................86

AOpen Bonus Pack CD................................................................................................................................................. 86

APM (Advanced Power Management) ...........................................................................................................................86

ATA (AT Attachment) .....................................................................................................................................................86

ATA/66 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 86

ATA/100 ........................................................................................................................................................................87

ATA/133 ........................................................................................................................................................................87

BIOS (Basic Input/Output Sys tem) ................................................................................................................................87

Bus Master IDE (DMA mode)........................................................................................................................................88

5

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CNR (Communication and Networki ng Riser)................................................................................................................88

CODEC (Coding and Decoding)....................................................................................................................................88

DDR (Double Data Rated) SDRAM...............................................................................................................................88

DIMM (Dual In Line Memory Module)............................................................................................................................8 9

DMA (Direct Memory Access)........................................................................................................................................89

ECC (Error Checking and Correction) ...........................................................................................................................89

EDO (Extended Data Output) Memory ..........................................................................................................................89

EEPROM (Electronic Erasable Programmab le ROM) ....................................................................................................90

EPROM (Erasable Programmabl e ROM) ......................................................................................................................90

EV6 Bus........................................................................................................................................................................90

FCC DoC (Declaration of Conformity) ........................................................................................................................... 9 0

FC-PGA (Flip Chip-Pin Grid Array) ................................................................................................................................91

Flash ROM....................................................................................................................................................................91

FSB (Front Side Bus) Clock .......................................................................................................................................... 91

2

I

C Bus ..........................................................................................................................................................................91

IEEE 1394 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 92

Parity Bit .......................................................................................................................................................................92

PBSRAM (Pipelined Burst S RAM)................................................................................................................................. 92

PC-100 DIMM ...............................................................................................................................................................93

6

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

PC-133 DIMM ...............................................................................................................................................................93

PC-1600 or PC-2100 DDR DRAM................................................................................................................................. 9 3

PCI (Peripheral Component Interface) Bus ...................................................................................................................93

PDF Format...................................................................................................................................................................93

PnP (Plug and Play)......................................................................................................................................................94

POST (Power-On Self Test) ..........................................................................................................................................94

RDRAM (Rambus DRAM) ............................................................................................................................................. 94

RIMM (Rambus Inline Memory Module) ........................................................................................................................94

SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM)......................................................................................................................................95

Shadow E

SIMM (Single In Li ne M emory Mod ule) .........................................................................................................................95

SMBus (System Management Bus)............................................................................................................................... 95

SPD (Serial Presence Detect ).......................................................................................................................................96

Ultra DMA .....................................................................................................................................................................96

USB (Universal Serial B us) ...........................................................................................................................................96

VCM (Virtual Channel Memory).....................................................................................................................................97

ZIP file...........................................................................................................................................................................97

2

PROM..........................................................................................................................................................95

Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................98

Technical Support .....................................................................................................................102

7

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Product Registration .................................................................................................................105

How to Conta ct Us ....................................................................................................................10 6

8

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

YYoouu MMuusstt NNoottiiccee

Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat is trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
AMD, the AMD logo, Athlon and Duron are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Intel, the Intel logo, Intel Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium III are trademarks of Intel Corporation.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United

States and/or other countries.
All product and brand names used on this manual are used for identification purposes only and may be the registered

trademarks of their respective owners.

All of the specifications and information contained in this manual are subject to change without notice. AOpen reserves the right
to revise this publication and to make reasonable changes. AOpen assumes no responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies that
may appear in this manual, including the products and software described in it.

This documentation is protected by copyright law. All rights are reserved.
No part of this document may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval
system without prior written permission from AOpen Corporation.
Copyright

©

1996-2002, AOpen Inc. All Rights Reserved.

9

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

BBeeffoorree YYoouu SSttaarrtt

This Online Manual will introduce to the user how this product is installed. All useful information will be described in later
chapters. Please keep this manual carefully for future upgrades or system configuration changes. This Online Manual is saved
in PDF format
free download from Adobe web site

Although this Online Manual is optimized for screen viewing, it is still capable for hardcopy printing, you can print it by A4 paper
size and set 2 pages per A4 sheet on your printer. To do so, choose File > Page Setup and follow the instruction of your printer
driver.

Thanks for the help of saving our earth.

, we recommend using Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.0 for online viewing, it is included in Bonus CD or you can get

.

10

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

OOvveerrvviieeww

Thank you for choosing AOpen MX4G motherboard. MX4G is Intel® Socket 478 motherboard (M/B) based on the Micro-ATX
form factor featuring the Intel® 845G(Brookdale) chipset
support Intel
performance, it has one AGP slot which supports 1.5V AGP interface and 1x/2x/4x Fast Write capability and pipelined
spilt-transaction long burst transfer up to 1.06GB/sec. According to different customer’s requirements, the Intel 845G chipset
memory interface supports DDR200/266/333 SDRAM devices with densities of 64, 128, 256, 512MB or 1GB DDR SDRAM DIMM
modules and the maximum memory size can be up to 2GB. The onboard IDE controller supports Ultra DMA
and the transfer rate up to 100MB/s. Further flexibility can be achieved by
taking advantage of the Communication and Network Riser (CNR)
option that allows audio and modem configuration on a single
baseboard design. Besides, MX4G has an AC97
onboard, providing high performance and magic surround stereo
sound to let people enjoy working with it. Now, let’s enjoy all
features from AOpen MX4G motherboard.

®

Socket 478 Pentium® 4 (Willamette/Northwood) and 400/533 MHz Front Side Bus (FSB) clock. In the AGP

CODEC chipset

. As high performance chipset built in the M/B, M X4G motherboard can

33/66/100 mode

card

11

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

FFeeaattuurree HHiigghhlliigghhtt

CPU

Supports Intel® Socket 478 Pentium® 4 (Willamette /No rth woo d ) 1.4GHz~2.4GHz+ with 400/533MHz Front Side Bus (FSB)
designed for Socket 478 technology.

Chipset

With the Intel® 845G (Brookdale-G) chipset, Intel delivers a discrete graphics solution with all the performance, innovative
features and proven reliability of the Intel
leading-edge AGP graphics solution for Intel
I/O Controller Hub (ICH4) features USB controllers supporting six USB2.0 ports. With support for AC’97 audio and the ability to
make the most of soft audio/modem technology, the 845G chipset delivers an ideal solution for innovative new form factors.

®

845G chipset. With its highly scalable design, the new 845G chipset offers an ideal,

®

Pentium® 4 processor platforms. And the smart integrati on in Intel 845G chipset's

Expansion Slots

Including three 32-bit/33MHz PCI, one CNR and one AGP 4X slots. The PCI local bus throughput can be up to 132MB/s. The

Communication & Nectworking Riser (CNR)
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

data transfer rate up to 1.06 GB/s. MX4G motherboard includes one 1.5V AGP expansion slot with 1x/2x/4x data transfers and
2x/4x Fast Writes capability. Of three PCI slots provided, all of them are master PCI slots with arbitration and decoding for all
integrated functions and LPC bus.

specification provides a new level of video display sophistication and speed which supports

slot provided from MX4G can support CNR interface for a Modem/Audio card. The

12

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Memory

Provides two 184-pin DDR SDRAM DIMM sockets that support up to 2GB of PC-200/266/333 compliant DDR SDRAM
(Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory). You may install 64, 128, 256, 512MB or 1GB DDR SDRAM DIMM modules
into each socket. Please be informed that the FSB (Front Side Bus) 400 DOES NOT support DDR333 SDRAM.

Ultra DMA 33/66/100 Bus Master IDE

Comes with an on-board PCI Bus Master IDE controller with two connectors that supports four IDE devices in two channels,
supports Ultra DMA

33/66/100, PIO Modes 3 and 4 and Bus Master IDE DMA Mode 5, and supports Enhanced IDE devices.

On-board AC’97 Sound

MX4G uses AC97 sound chip. This on-board audio includes a complete audio recording and playback system.

1MHz Stepping Frequency Adjustment

Provides “1MHz Stepping Frequency Adjustment” function in the BIOS. This magic function allows you to adjust FSB frequency
from 100~248 by 1MHz stepping adjustment, and lets your system get maximum performance.

13

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Watch Dog Timer

Includes AOpen “Watch Dog Timer” function that can auto-reset default settings in 4.8 seconds when you fail to system
overclocking.

S/PDIF Connectors

S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is the newest audio transfer file format, which provides impressive quality through optical
fiber and allows you to enjoy digital audio instead of analog audio.

Six USB2.0 Connectors

Provides three ports, six USB connectors f or USB int erface devic es, such as mouse, k eyboard, m odem, scanner, etc.

AGP Protection Technology

With AGP Protection Technology implemented, this motherboard will automatically detect the voltage of AGP card and prevent
your chipsets from being burnt out.

Power Management/Plug and Play

Supports the power management function that confirms to the power-saving standards of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) Energy Star program. It also offers Plug-and-Play
making the system much user-friendlier.

, which helps save users from configuration problems, thus

14

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Hardware Monitoring Management

Supports CPU or system fans status, temperature and voltage monitoring and alert, through the on-board hardware monitor
module.

Enhanced ACPI

Fully implement the ACPI standard for Windows® 98/ME/2000 series compatibility, and supports Soft-Off, STR (Suspend to RAM,
S3), STD (Suspend to Disk, S4) features.

Super Multi-I/O

Provides two high-speed UART compatible serial ports and one parallel port with EPP and ECP capabilities. UART can also be
directed from COM1 to the Infrared Module for the wireless connections.

15

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

QQuuiicckk IInnssttaallllaattiioonn PPrroocceedduurree

This page gives you a quick procedure on how to install your system. Follow each step accordingly.

1. Installing CPU and Fan

2. Installing System Memory (DIMM)

3. Connecting Front Panel Cable

4. Connecting IDE and Floppy Cable

5. Connecting ATX Power Cable

6. Connecting Back Panel Cable

7. Power-on and Load BIOS Setup Default

8. Setting CPU Frequency

9. Reboot

10. Installi ng O pe rat in g Sys tem (s uch as W ind ows 98 )

11. Installing Driver and Utility

16

r

r

nd

rd

r

A

r

A

p

A

(

p

r

r

r

r

r

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

MODEM-CN Connecto
Front Audio Connecto

Onboard AC’97 CODEC

CD-IN Connecto

CNR Expansion Slot

SPDIF Connecto

32-bit PCI Expansion Slot x 3

FAN3 Connecto

JP28 Mouse/Keyboard Wakeup

JP14 CMOS Clear Jumpe

Intrusion Detecto

Front Panel Connecto

4Mbit Flash ROM

Motherboard Map

17

PC99 Colored Back Panel
Resettable Fuse

in ATX-12V Power Connector

4­FAN2 Connector
Low ESR Capacitors

GP 4x Expansion Slot

for 1.5V AGP card)

478-pin CPU socket with Voltage
and Frequency Auto-detection that
support Intel® Pentium® 4

1.4~2.4 GH z+ CP U

Intel 845G chi
CPU Fan Connector

184-pin DIMMx2 supports
DDR200/DDR266/DDR333
(Max. to 2GB)

TX Power Connector

COM2 Connector
FDD Connecto

IrDA Connector

TA/33/66/100

IDE Connector x2

set

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

BBlloocckk DDiiaaggrraamm

Socket 478

Intel

Pentium 4

CPU

AGP 4X Slot

400/533MHz
System Bus

LAN connect Component

Floppy Disk Drive x2

PC-200/266/333 DDR

SDRAM Up to 2GB

DIMM Socket x2

Intel 845G

GMCH

USB2.0

Connector x6

PCI Bus

Realtek

RTL8100BL

1stUSB Port

2ndUSB Port

3rdUSB Port

32-bit PCI Slot x3

ATA

33/66100

Primary

Channel

Secondary

Channel

Intel ICH4

Low Pin

Count
Super

I/O

AC97

CODEC

AC Link

Firmware Hub

4Mbit Flash EEPROM

Parallel Port

Serial Port x2

IDE Drive x4

CNR Slot

18

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

HHaarrddwwaarree IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

This chapter describes jumpers, connectors and hardware devices of this motherboard.

Note: El ectrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage your processor, disk drives, expansion boards, and
other components. Always observe the following precautions before you install a system component.

1. Do not remove a component from its protective packaging until you are ready to install it.

2. Wear a wrist ground strap and attach it to a metal part of the system unit before handling a
component. If a wrist strap is not available, maintain contact with the system unit t hroughout any
procedure requiring ESD protection.

19

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAbboouutt ““OOppttiioonnaall”” aanndd ““UUppggrraaddee OOppttiioonnaall””……

When you read this online manual and start to assemble your computer system, you may find some of functions are called
“Optional”, and some are called “Upgrade Optional”. Though all AOpen motherboards include many amazing and powerful
features, in some situations, these powerful features are not used to every user. Hence, we changed some key features as
“Optional” for you to choose. Some optional functions that can be upgraded by users, we call them “Upgrade Optional”. As for
those optional functions that can’t be upgraded by ourselves, we call them “Optional”. If needed, you can contact our local
distributors or resellers for purchasing “Upgrade Optional” components, and again you can visit AOpen official web site:

www.aopen.com

for more detail information.

20

(

)

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

JJPP1144 CClleeaarr CCMMOOSS DDaattaa

You can clear CMOS to restore system default setting. To clear the CMOS, follow the procedure below.

1. Turn off the system and unplug the AC power.

2. Remove ATX power cable from connector PWR2.

3. Locate JP14 and short pins 2-3 for a few seconds.

4. Return JP14 to its normal setting by shorting pin1 & pin2.

5. Connect ATX power cable back to connector PWR2.

Normal

default

Pin 1

Clear

CMOS

Tip: W hen should I Clear CMOS?

1. Boot fa il bec aus e of ov e rcl ock in g…

2. Forget password…

3. Troubleshooting…

21

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCPPUU IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

This motherboard supports Intel® Pentium 4 Socket 478 series CPU (Brookdale-G). Be careful of CPU orientation when you plug
it into CPU socket.

1. Pull up the CPU socket lever and
up to 90-degree angle.

2. Locate Pin 1 in the socket and look for a cut edge on the CPU upper
interface. Match Pin 1 and cut edge, then insert the CPU into the socket.

Note: These pictures are for example only; it may not look exactly the same with the motherboard you purchased.

CPU socket

Lever

CPU pin 1 and

cut edge

CPU cut edge

22

y

p

t

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

3. Press down the CPU socket lever and finish
CPU installation.

Note: These pictures are for example only; it may not look exactly the same with the motherboard you purchased.

CPU cut edge

Note: P4 CPU tends to produce higher
temperature; for better heat dissipation,
we recommend you to install this
motherboard with a bigger housing.
Besides, by doing so you can preven
components from colliding.

Note: If you do not match the CPU
socket Pin 1 and CPU cut edge well, it
ma

damage the CPU.

Note: This socket supports FC-PGA2

ackage CPU, which is the latest
CPU package developed by Intel.
Other forms of CPU package are
impossible to be fitted in.

23

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCPPUU FFaann IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

This motherboard comes with a retention module attached on the CPU socket when shipped, we strongly recommend you to
install AOpen special designed CPU Fan as shown below on the retention module for better heat dissipation. Please install the
CPU Fan correctly as the following pictures shown.

1. Gently put the CPU Fan down on the
retention module with clips aligning
correctly to the four corners.

2. Pressing down the four clips with force one by
one on the retention module.

Clip

24

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCPPUU JJuummppeerr--lleessss DDeessiiggnn

CPU VID signal and SMbus clock generator provide CPU voltage auto-detection and allows the user to set the CPU frequency
through the BIOS setup
designs are eliminated. There will be no worry of wrong CPU voltage detection.

, therefore no jumpers or switches are used. The disadvantages of the Pentium based jumper-less

Intel® Socket 478

Pentium 4 CPU

CPU VID signal

Power Regulator

(Automatically generates CPU voltage)

CPU Freq. Ratio

CPU voltage

Clock

Generator

BIOS

Controlled

Circuit

25

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAOOppeenn ““WWaattcchh DDoogg TTiimmeerr””

AOpen provides a special and useful feature on this motherboard for overclockers. When you power-on the system, BIOS will
check last system POST

FSB

frequency according to user’s settings stored in BIOS. If system fails in BIOS POST, then “Watch Dog Timer” will reset the
system to reboot in five seconds. BIOS will detect the CPU’s default frequency and POST again. With this special feature, you
can easily overclock your system to get a higher system performance without removing the system housing and save the hassle
from setting the jumper to clear CMOS data when system hangs.

status. If it succeeds, the BIOS will enable “Watch Dog Timer” function immediately, and set the CPU

Enable/Disable Signal

AOpen

Watch Dog

Timer

from BIOS

Countdown about
5 seconds if fails
in POST

Reset Signal

Clock Generator

BIOS

CPU ID Signal

CPU

26

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

FFuullll--rraannggee AAddjjuussttaabbllee CCPPUU CCoorree VVoollttaaggee

This function is dedicated to overclockers and supports Adjustable CPU Core Voltage from 1.10V to 1.85V. But this motherboard
can also automatically detects CPU VID signal and generates proper CPU core voltage.

SSeettttiinngg CCPPUU FFrreeqquueennccyy

BIOS Setup > Frequency/Voltage Control > CPU Clock Setting

This motherboard is CPU jumper-less design, you can set CPU frequency through the BIOS setup, and no jumpers or switches
are needed.

CPU Ratio
CPU FS B

Home

8x, 9x, 10x,…22x, 23x, 24x
100~248MHz

Tip: If your system hangs or fails to boot because of
overclocking, simply use <Home> key to restore the
default setting or you can wait the AOpen “Watch Dog
Timer” reset the system after five seconds and system
will auto-detect hardware again.

27

A

p

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Core Frequency = CPU FSB Clock * CPU Rati o
PCI Clock = CPU FSB Clock / Clock Ratio

AGP Clock = PCI Clock x 2

Northwood CPU

Pentium 4 1.6G 1600MHz 100MHz 400MHz 16x
Pentium 4 1.6G 1600MHz 133MHz 533MHz 12x
Pentium 4 1.7G 1700MHz 133MHz 533MHz 13x
Pentium 4 1.8G 1800MHz 100MHz 400MHz 18x
Pentium 4 2.0G 2000MHz 100MHz 400MHz 20x
Pentium 4 2.2G 2200MHz 100MHz 400MHz 22x
Pentium 4 2.4G 2400MHz 100MHz 400MHz 24x
Pentium 4 2.4G 2400MHz 133MHz 533MHz 18x

Willamette CPU

Pentium 4 1.5G 1500MHz 100MHz 400MHz 15x
Pentium 4 1.6G 1600MHz 100MHz 400MHz 16x
Pentium 4 1.7G 1700MHz 100MHz 400MHz 17x
Pentium 4 1.8G 1800MHz 100MHz 400MHz 18x
Pentium 4 1.9G 1900MHz 100MHz 400MHz 19x
Pentium 4 2.0G 2000MHz 100MHz 400MHz 20x

CPU Core
Frequency

CPU Core

Frequency

FSB Clock System Bus Ratio

FSB Clock System Bus Ratio

Warning: Intel® 845G (MX4G-R) chipset
supports maximum 400/533MHz
(100/133MHz*4) system bus and 66MHz

GP clock; higher clock setting may cause
serious system damage. Please be
informed that CPU FSB400 does not
support DDR333.

Warning: To avoid possible CPU damage caused by
overheating, an automatic shutdown of system had been
especially designed on this motherboard. System would
be automatically power off when this motherboard with
implementation of THERMTRIP circuit detected a CPU
tem

erature above 135 degree.

28

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCPPUU aanndd SSyysstteemm FFaann CCoonnnneeccttoorr ((wwiitthh HH//WW MMoonniittoorriinngg))

Plug in the CPU fan cable to the 3-pi n CPU FAN connector. If you have chassis fan, you can also plug it on FAN2 or FAN3
connector.

CPUFAN Connector

FAN3 Connector

SENSOR

+12V

FAN2 Connector

Note: Some CPU fans do not have
sensor pin, so that they cannot
support hardware monitoring function.

GND

GND
+12V
SENSOR

GND
+12V
SENSOR

29

(

)

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

JJPP2288 KKeeyybbooaarrdd//MMoouussee WWaakkee--uupp EEnnaabbllee//DDiissaabbllee JJuummppeerr

This motherboard provides keyboard / mouse wake-up function. You can use JP28 to enable or disable this function, which
could resume your system from suspend mode with keyboard or mouse. T he factory default setting is set to “Disable”(1-2), and
you may enable this function by setting the jumper to 2-3.

Pin1

Disable

Default

Enable

JP28

KB/Mouse Wake-up

30

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

DDIIMMMM SSoocckkeettss

This motherboard has two 184-pin DDR DIMM sockets that allow you to install DDR200, DDR266 or DDR333 memory up to 2
GB. Both ECC and Non-ECC DDR SDRAM are supported, but you can’t install them both on DIMM. Otherwise, it will cause
serious damage on memory sockets or SDRAM module. Please be informed that CPU Front Side Bus 400 does not support
DDR333.

DIMM1
DIMM2

31

’

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

HHooww ttoo IInnssttaallll MMeemmoorryy MMoodduulleess

Please follow the procedure as shown below to finish memory installation.

1. Make sure the DIMM module’s pin face down and match the socket’s size as depicted below.

2. Insert the module straight down to the DIMM slot with both hands and press down firmly until the DIMM module is securely
in place.

3. Repeat step 2 to finish additional DIMM modules installation.

Pin 1

Tab

Key

52 pins 40 pins

Note: The ta bs of t he DIMM slot
will close-up to hold the DIMM in
place when the DIMM touches

32

the slot

Pin 1

s bottom.

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

DDDDRR 226666((PPCC22110000)) aanndd DDDDRR 333333((PPCC22770000))

DDR SDRAM utilizes the existing SDRAM infrastructure and technology while doubling the nominal bandwidth available to
systems. To put it in a simple way, DDR SDRAM is like data going along a two lane highway, while at the same time data in
traditional SDRAM go along a one way street. Therefore, it is a more advanced technology that provides a great overall
improvement in system performance. DDR266 (PC2100) runs two times faster than the traditional PC133 SDRAM with the
speed of Front Side Bus (FSB) up to 266MHz. (2x133=266). And DDR333 (PC2700) is running at 333MHz FSB. B oth PC2100
and PC2700 are a new naming standard for speed of DDR 266 and DDR 333, representing their theoretical speeds of the RAM.
The theoretical transfer rate of DDR 266 (PC2100) is 2.1GB/s and 2.7GB/s is for DDR 333 (PC2700).

33

o

e

A

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

FFrroonntt PPaanneell CCoonnnneeccttoorr

Attach the power LED, Keylock, speaker, power and reset switch connectors t
the corresponding pins. If you enable “Suspend Mode” item in BIOS Setup, th
ACPI & Power LED will keep flashing while the system is in suspend mode.

Locate the power switch cable from your ATX housing. It is 2-pin female
connector from the housing front panel. Plug this connector to the soft-power
switch connector marked SPWR.

Suspend Type ACPI L E D

Power on Suspend (S2) or Suspend to RAM (S3) Flashing for every second
Suspend to Disk (S4) The LED will be turned off

GND

Keylock

+5V
IDE LED
IDE LED

+5V

+5V

GND

NC

1

5VSB
SPWR
ACPI LED­ GND
ACPILED
NC
NC
GND
RESET
GND

IDE LED

Speaker

1

SPWR

CPI & PWR

LED

Reset

SPEAKER

34

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AATTXX PPoowweerr CCoonnnneeccttoorr

This motherboard comes with a 20-pin and 4-pin ATX power connector. Make sure you plug in the right direction. We strongly
recommend you to connect the 4-pin 12V ATX connector before connecting the 20-pin ATX power connector and use standard
power supply specially designed for Pentium 4 system.

12V
Ground
Ground
12V

4-Pin 12V ATX Power Connector

20-Pin Power Connector

COM

+5V

COM
+3.3V
+3.3V

+3.3V

-12V

COM

PS-ON

COM

35

+5V
COM
PW-OK
5VSB
+12V

+5V
+5V

-5V
COM
COM

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AACC PPoowweerr AAuuttoo RReeccoovveerryy

A traditional ATX system should remain power off when AC power resumes from power failure. This design is inconvenient for a
network server or workstation without an UPS implemented which has to keep power-on all the time. This motherboard
implements an AC Power Auto Recovery function to solve this problem.

36

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IIDDEE aanndd FFllooppppyy CCoonnnneeccttoorr

Connect 34-pin floppy cable and 40-pin IDE cable to floppy connector FDC and IDE connector. The blue connector is IDE1 for
clear identification. Be careful of the pin1 orientation. Wrong orientation may cause system damage.

Secondary

Slave (4th)

Pin 1

Primary

Slave (2nd)

ATA 33/66/100
IDE Connector

Pin 1

FDD Connector

Secondary

Master (3rd)

IDE 2 (Secondary)

IDE 1 (Primary)

Primary Master

(1st)

37

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IDE1 is also known as the primary channel and IDE2 as the secondary channel. Each channel supports two IDE devices that
make a total of four devices. In order to work together, the two devices on each channel must be set differently to Master and
Slave mode. Either one can be the hard disk or the CDROM. The setting as master or slave mode depends on the jumper on
your IDE device, so please refer to your hard disk and CDROM manual accordingly.

This motherboard supports ATA33
modes. The IDE bus is 16-bit, which means every transfer is two bytes.

Mode Clock Pe rio d Clock

PIO mode 0 30ns 20 600ns (1/600ns) x 2byte = 3.3MB/s
PIO mode 1 30ns 13 383ns (1/383ns) x 2byte = 5.2MB/s
PIO mode 2 30ns 8 240ns (1/240ns) x 2byte = 8.3MB/s
PIO mode 3 30ns 6 180ns (1/180ns) x 2byte = 11.1MB/s
PIO mode 4 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s
DMA mode 0 30ns 16 480ns (1/480ns) x 2byte = 4.16MB/s
DMA mode 1 30ns 5 150ns (1/150ns) x 2byte = 13.3MB/s
DMA mode 2 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s
ATA 33 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte x2 = 33MB/s
ATA 66 30ns 2 60ns (1/60ns) x 2byte x2 = 66MB/s
ATA100 20ns 2 40ns (1/40ns) x 2byte x2 = 100MB/s

Warning: The spec ifi cat i on of the I DE c abl e is a max imu m of 46 cm (1 8 inc h es) ;
make sure your cable does not exceed this length.

, ATA66 or ATA100 IDE devices. Following table lists the transfer rate of IDE PIO and DMA

Tip:

Count

Cycle Time Data Transfer Rate

1. For better signal quality,
it is recommended to set
the far end side device
to master mode and
follow the suggested
sequence to install your
new device. Please refer
to above diagram

2. To achieve the best
performance of Ultra
DMA 66/100 hard disks,
a special 80-wires IDE
cable for Ultra DMA

1 i r

ir

.

38

X

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IIrrDDAA CCoonnnneeccttoorr

The IrDA connector can be configured to support wireless infrared module, with this module and application software such as
Laplink or Windows 95 Direct Cable Connection, user can transfer files to or from laptops, notebooks, PDA devices and printers.
This connector supports HPSIR (115.2Kbps, 2 meters) and ASK-IR (56Kbps).

Install the infrared module onto the IrDA connector and enable the infrared function from BIOS Setup, UART Mode, make sure
when you plug the IrDA connector in right orientation.

IIrrDDAA CCoonnnneeccttoorr

IR_R

GND

KEY

Pin 1

IR_TX
+5V
NC

1

39

A

r

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

SS//PPDDIIFF ((SSoonnyy//PPhhiilliippss DDiiggiittaall IInntteerrffaaccee)) CCoonnnneeccttoorr

S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is a latest audio transfer file format that provides impressive quality through optical fiber
and allows you to enjoy digital audio instead of analog. Normally there are two S/PDIF outputs as shown, one for RCA connector,
the most common one used for consumer audio products, and the other for optical connector with a even better audio quality.
Through a specific audio cable, you can connect the S/PDIF connector to a S/PDIF audio module bearing S/PDIF digital output.
However, you must have a S/PDIF supported speaker with S/PDIF digital input to make the most of this function.

Connecting to

Connecting to

Optical Cable

udio cable

S/PDIF Module

(Optional)

Pin 1

S/PDIF
Connecto

1

5

+5V
NC

SPDIFOUT
GND
SPDIFIN

40

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAGGPP ((AAcccceelleerraatteedd GGrraapphhiicc PPoorrtt)) EExxppaannssiioonn SSlloott

The MX4G provides an AGP 4x slot. The AGP 1x/2x/4x is a bus interface targeted for high-performance 3D graphic. AGP
supports only memory read/write operation and single-master single-slave one-to-one only. AGP uses both rising and falling
edge of the 66MHz clock, for 2X AGP, the data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4bytes x 2 = 528MB/s. AGP is now moving to AGP 4x
mode, 66MHz x 4bytes x 4 = 1056MB/s. Please note that this AGP expansion slot support 1.5V AGP card only.

41

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAGGPP PPrrootteeccttiioonn TTeecchhnnoollooggyy

With the outstanding R&D ability of AOpen and its specially developed circuit, MX4G implements a brand-new technology to
protect your motherboard from being damaged by over-voltaging of AGP card. When AGP Protection Technology is implemented,
this motherboard will automatically detect the voltage of AGP card and prevent your chipsets from being burnt out. Please note
that if you install a AGP card with 3.3V, which is not supported by Intel 845G, the LED3 will light up to warn you the possible
damage of the exceeding voltage. You may contact your AGP card vendor for further support.

Warning: It is strongly recommended not
to install a AGP card with 3.3V, which is not
supported by Intel 845G, the LED3 will light
up to warn you the possible damage.

42

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCNNRR ((CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn aanndd NNeettwwoorrkk RRiisseerr)) EExxppaannssiioonn SSlloott

CNR is a riser card specif ication to replace the AMR (Audio/Modem Riser) that supports V.90 analog modem, multi-channel

audio, and phone-line based networking. Owing to CPU computing power getting stronger, the digital processing job can be
implemented in main chipset and share CPU power. The analogy conversion (CODEC) circuit requires a different and separate
circuit design, which is put on CNR card. This motherboard implements sound CODEC on board, but reserve CNR slot for the
option of modem function. Note that you can still use PCI modem card.

43

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

PPCC9999 CCoolloorr CCooddeedd BBaacckk PPaanneell

The onboard I/O devices are PS/2 Keyboard, PS/2 Mouse, COM1 and VGA, Printer, USB, AC97 sound and game ports. The
view angle of drawing shown here is from the back panel of the housing.

PS/2 Mouse

Connector

SPP/EPP/ECP

Parallel Port

MIDI/Game Port

RJ45 10/100

LAN Jack

PS/2 Keyboard

PS/2 Keyboard: For standard keyboard, which is using a PS/2 plug.
PS/2 Mous e: For PC-Mo us e, whic h is us in g a PS/ 2 pl ug.
USB Port: Available for connecting USB devices.
Parallel Port: To connect wit h SP P/ECP/ EPP pr int er.
COM1/COM2 Port: To connect with pointing devices, modem or others serial devices.
VGA Connector: To connect with PC monitor.
Speaker Out: To External Speaker, Earphone or Amplifier.
Line-In: Comes from the signal sources, such as CD/Tape player.
MIC-In: From Microphone.
MIDI/Game Port: For 15-pin PC joystick, game pad or MIDI devices.

Connector

COM 1 Port

VGA Port

MIC-In
Line-In
Speaker Out

USB (V2.0)

Connectors

44

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

SSuuppppoorrtt 1100//110000 MMbbppss LLAANN oonnbbooaarrdd

The South Bridge includes a fast Ethernet controller on chip. It provides 10/100M bps Ethernet for office and home use, the
Ethernet RJ45 connector is located on top of USB connectors. The green LED indicates the link mode, it lights when linking to
network and blinking when transferring data. The orange LED indicates the transfer mode, and it lights when data is transferring
in 100Mbps mode. To enable or disable this function, you may simply adjust it through BIOS.

Green/ACT

Orange/Speed

45

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

d

nnd

SSuuppppoorrtt 2

This motherboard provides six USB ports to connect USB devices such as mouse, keyboard, modem, printer, etc. There are two
connectors on the PC99 back panel. You can use proper cables to connect USB devices from PC99 back panel or connect
USB2 and USB3 headers to the front panel of chassis.

Compared to traditional USB 1.0/1.1 with the speed of 12Mbps, USB 2.0 has a fancy speed up to 480Mbps which is 40 times
faster than the traditional one. Except for the speed increase, USB 2.0 supports old USB 1.0/1.1 software and peripherals,
offering impressive and even better compatibility to customers. On this motherboard, all six ports support USB 2.0 function.

USBPWR0

USB_FP_P0-

USB_FP_P0+

GND

KEY

2

aanndd 3

1 2

USBPW R1
USB_FP_P1­USB_FP_P1+
GND
USB_FP_OC0

9 10

USB2 and USB3 Connector

d

rrd

3

UUSSBB22..00 PPoorrttss

Pin1

Pin1

46

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CChhaassssiiss IInnttrruussiioonn CCoonnnneeccttoorr

The “CASE OPEN” header provides chassis intrusion-monitoring function. To make this function works, you have to enable it in
the system BIOS, connect this header to a sensor somewhere on the chassi s. So, whenever the s ensor is triggered by lights or
by the opening of the chassis, the system will beep to inform you. Please be informed that this useful function only applies to
advanced chassis, you may purchase an extra sensor, attach it on your chassis, and make a good use of this function.

Pin1

Sensor
GND

Chassis I nt rus i on

Connector

47

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCDD AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr

This connector is used to connect CD Audio cable from CDROM or DVD drive to onboard sound.

R
GND
GND

L

CCDD--IINN CCoonnnneeccttoorr

48

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

MMooddeemm AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr

This connector is used to connect Mono In/Mic Out cable from internal modem card to onboard sound circuit. The pin 1-2 is
Mono In, and the pin 3-4 is Mic Out. Please note that there is no standard for this kind of connector yet, only some internal
modem cards implement this connector.

MIC OUT

GND
GND

MONO IN

MMOODDOOMM--CCNN CCoonnnneeccttoor

r

49

g

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

FFrroonntt AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr

If the housing has been designed with an audio port on the front panel, you’ll be able to connect onboard audio to front panel
through this connector. By the way, please remove the jumper cap from the Front Audio Connector before you connect the cable.
Do not remove this yellow jumper cap if your housing doesn’t have an audio port on the front panel.

NC

Pin 1

GND
+5V
JS1
KEY
NC

r

FP_VREF

PHONE_R

PHONE_L

FP_MIC

FFrroonntt AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoor

Note: Pl ease remove the jumper cap from the Front Panel Audio Connector
before you connect the cable. Do not remove this yellow jumper cap if
housin

without an audio port on the front panel.

50

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCOOMM22 CCoonnnneeccttoorr

This motherboard provides two serial ports. One of them are on back panel connector, the other is on the middle left between
PCI slots. With proper cable, you can connect it to the back panel of c hassis.

DCD#
SOUT

GND

RI#

RTS#

1 2

SIN
DTR#
DSR#
CTS#

Pin 1

51

A

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Auto Sw itc h

RTC

CMOS

Battery ATX Stand-by Power

uto switching to ATX standby
power as long as AC power line is
plugged. This smart design
increases battery life if you still plug
battery on motherboard.

Backup by EEPROM

BBaatttteerryy--lleessss aanndd LLoonngg LLiiffee DDeessiiggnn

This Motherboard implements Flash ROM and a special circuit that allows you to save your current CPU and CMOS Setup
configurations without the need of a battery. The RTC (real time clock) can also keep running as long as the power cord is
plugged. If you lose your CMOS data by accident, you can just reload the CMOS configurations from Flash ROM and the system
will recover as usual.

Flash

ROM

(Real Time Clock)

00:00:00

52

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

CCPPUU OOvveerr--ccuurrrreenntt PPrrootteeccttiioonn

Over Current Protection has been popularly implemented on ATX 3.3V/5V/12V switching power supply for a while. However,
new generation CPU is able to use regulator of different voltages to transfer 12V to CPU voltage (for example, to 2.0V). This
motherboard is with switching regulator onboard that supports CPU over-current protection, and it applies to 3.3V/5V/12V power
supply for providing full line over-current protection.

Note: Although we have implemented protection circuit try to prevent any human operating
mistake, there is still certain risk that CPU, memory, HDD, add-on cards installed on this
motherboard may be damaged because of component failure, human operating error or unknown
nature reason. AOpen cannot guaranty the protection circuit will always work perfectly.

ATX

Switching

Power

Supply

5V (Protected by power supply)

3.3V (Pr ot ec ted by pow er sup pl y)

12V (Protected by power supply)

Onboard

Power

Regulator

Over-Current

Protection

Circuit

CPU Core Voltage

53

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Fan

CPU

Fan Speed

AOpe n H / W

Monitoring

Utility

CPU Temperature

CPU Voltage

System Voltage

Detection

Circuit

HHaarrddwwaarree MMoonniittoorriinngg

This motherboard implements a hardware monitoring system. As you turn on your system, this smart design will continue to
monitor your system’s working voltage, fan status and CPU temperature. If any of these systems’ status goes wrong, there will
be an alarm through the chassis external speaker or buzzer of motherboard (if existed) to warn the user.

Power

54

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

RReesseettttaabbllee FFuussee

Traditional motherboard has fuse for Keyboard and USB port to prevent over-current or shortage. These fuses are soldered
onboard that when it is broken (function as protecting the motherboard), user still cannot replace it and the motherboard is still
malfunctioning.

With expensive Resettable Fuse, the motherboard can be resumed back to normal function after the fuse had done its
protection job.

Resettable

Fuse

55

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

0

2222000

The quality of low ESR capacitor (Low Equivalent Series Resistance) during high frequency operation is very important for the
stability of CPU power. The idea of where to put these capacitors is another know-how that requires experience and detail
calculation.

Not only that, MX4G implements 2200μF capacitors, which is much larger than normal capacitor (1000 and 1500μf) and it
provides better stability for CPU power.

μμμμ

μμμμ

FF LLooww EESSRR CCaappaacciittoorr

56

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

LLaayyoouutt ((FFrreeqquueennccyy IIssoollaattiioonn WWaallll))

Note: This diagram for example only, it may not be exactly the same as this motherboard.

For high frequency operation, especially overclocking,
layout is the most important factor to make sure
chipset and CPU working in stable condition. The
layout of this motherboard implements AOpen’s
unique design called “ Frequency Isolation Wall”.
Separating each critical portion of motherboard into
regions where each region operates in a same or
similar frequency range to avoid cross talk and
frequency interference between each region’s
operations and condition. The trace length and route
must be calculated carefully. For example, the clock
trace must be equal length (not necessarily as short
as possible) so that clock skew will be controlled
within few a pico second (1/10

12

Sec)

57

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

EEnnllaarrggeedd AAlluummiinnuumm HHeeaattssiinnkk

Cool down CPU and Chipset is important for system reliability. Enlarged aluminum heat sink provides better heat consumption
especially when you are trying to over clocking the CPU.

58

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

DDrriivveerr aanndd UUttiilliittyy

There are motherboard drivers and utilities included in AOpen Bonus CD. You don’t need to install all of them in order to boot
your system. But after you finish the hardware installation, you have to install your operation system first (such as Windows 98)
before you can install any drivers or utilities. Please refer to your operation system’s installation guide.

Note: Please follow recommended procedure
to install Windows 2000 and Windows 98

.

59

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAuuttoo--rruunn MMeennuu ffrroomm BBoonnuuss CCDD DDiisscc

You can use the auto-run menu of Bonus CD disc. Choose the utility and driver and select model name.

60

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInnssttaalllliinngg IInntteell®® CChhiippsseett SSooffttwwaarree IInnssttaallllaattiioonn UUttiilliittyy

Windows 95/98 cannot recognize this chipset, because it was released before the Intel 845G chipset. You can install the Intel
INF Update Utility from the Bonus Pack CD disc auto-run menu to eliminate the “?” marks.

61

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInntteell 884455GG VVGGAA ddrriivveerr

You can install Intel VGA Driver to get the best graphics function of the chipset. You can find it in the AOpen Bonus Pack CD.

62

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInnssttaalllliinngg IInntteell IIAAAA DDrriivveerr

You can install Intel IAA Driver to increase the performance of software applications and reduce PC boot times. You can find it in
the AOpen Bonus Pack

CD.

63

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInnssttaalllliinngg OOnnbbooaarrdd AAuuddiioo DDrriivveerr

This motherboard comes with AC97 CODEC. You can find the audio driver from the Bonus Pack CD auto-run menu.

64

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInnssttaalllliinngg LLAANN DDrriivveerr

This motherboard comes with an Intel® 10/100Mbps LAN controller embedded within ICH4. You can find the LAN driver from the Bonus
Pack CD.

65

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInnssttaalllliinngg UUSSBB22..00 DDrriivveerr

* Windows 2000 Installation Guide
************************************************
Installing Driver in Existing Windows 2000 System
*************************************************
After enabling the USB 2.0 controller and rebooting your system, Windows 2000 setup will show a "New Hardware Found" dialog box.

Under Windows 2000, "Universal Serial Bus (USB) Controller" will be displayed.

1. Choose "Search for a suitable driver for my device (Recommended)". from the list, and then press "Enter".

2. Choose "Specify a location." and then press "Next"

3. Insert the Bonus CD in CD-ROM.

4. Type "[CD-ROM]:\Driver\Intel\USB2.0\Win2000" in the text box that appears. Press " OK ".

5. Click on "Next." A message informing you that Windows has found "Intel PCI to USB Enhanced Host Controller A1" should appear.

6. Click on "Next," and then on "Finish."
************************************
Confirming Windows 2000 Installation
************************************

1. From Windows 2000, open the Control Panel from "My Computer" followed by the System icon.

2. Choose the "Hardware" tab, and then click the "Device Manager" tab.

3. Click the "+" in front of "Universal Serial Bus controllers". "Intel PCI to USB Enhanced Host Controll er A1" should appear.
* Windows XP Installation Guide

66

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

***********************************************
Installing Driver in Existing Windows XP System
***********************************************
After enabling the USB 2.0, Windows XP setup will show a "Found New Hardware" dialog box. Under Windows XP, "Universal Serial

Bus (USB) Controller" will be displayed.

1. Click on "Next," and from the generated list box, choose "Install from a list or special location (Advanced)", click "Next"

2. Click on "Next," and from the generated choices, choose "Include this location in the search:"

3. Insert the Bonus CD in CD-ROM.

4. Type "[CD-ROM]:\Driver\Intel\USB2.0\WinXP" in the text box that appears.

5. Click on "Next." A message informing you that Windows XP has found "Intel PCI to USB Enhanced Host Controller A1" should
appear.

6. When the New Hardware Wizard has finished installing the USB driver, click on "Finish"
**********************************
Confirming Windows XP Installation
**********************************

1. Tools/Folder Options…/View. Change bel ow item :

2. Enable "Display the full path in the title bat".

3. Enable "Show Hidden files and folders".

4. Disable "Hide extensions of known files types".

5. Disable "Hide protected operating system files (Recommended)".

6. Check USB driver version from My Computer, Local Disk C:, Show the content of this drive, Windows directory, Show the content of
this drive, System32 directory, Show the content of this drive, Drivers directory, Show the content of this drive, View, Details.

67

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

1. USBEHCI.SYS - 3/20/2002.

2. USBPORT. SY S - 8/17/2001.

3. USBHUB.SYS - 8/17/2001.

S o , new 3616 driver does not install complet e.

[Install by manual]

1. Disable Windows File Protection (WFP)

1. Start button/run/Regedit.

2. Set HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\

SFCDisable = 1

2. Copy all USB files from CD to HDD.

1. Copy all test drivers to %windir%\driver cache\i386.

2. Copy all test drivers to %windir%\system32\dllc ache

You need to copy file to this directory first. Otherwise, Windows XP will replace file from this directory to system32\drivers.

3. Copy all test drivers to %windir%\system32\dri vers.

3. Check USB driver version again.

1. USBEHCI.SYS - 3/20/2002.

2. USBPORT. SY S - 3/20/2001.

3. USBHUB.SYS - 3/20/2001.

Test USB20 HDD with restart for 10 times.
The USB 20 HDD can detection with any problem for all 10 times.

68

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IInnssttaalllliinngg HHaarrddwwaarree MMoonniittoorriinngg UUttiilliittyy

You can install Hardware Monitoring Utility to monitor CPU temperature, fans and system voltage. The hardware monitoring funct ion is
automatically implemented by the BIOS and utility software. No hardware installation is needed.

69

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AACCPPII SSuussppeenndd ttoo HHaarrdd DDrriivvee

ACPI Suspend to Hard Drive is basically controlled by Windows operation system. It sa ves your current work (system status,

memory and screen image) into hard disk, and then the system can be totally power off. Next time, when power is on, you can
resume your original work directly from hard disk within few seconds without go through the Windows booting process and run
your application again. If your memory is 64MB, normally, you need to reserve at least 64MB HDD space to save your memory
image.

When go into Suspend:

When power-on next time:

System

Image &

Status

System

Image &

Status

Save into

Restore within
seconds

Hard
Disk

Hard
Disk

70

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

System Requirement

1. AOZVHDD.EXE 1.30b or later.

2. Delete config.sys and autoexec.bat.

Fresh installation of Windows 98 on a new system

1. Execute "Setup.exe /p j" to install Windows 98

2. After Windows 98's installation is complete, go to the Control Panel > Power Management.

a. Set Power Schemes > System Standby to "Never".
b. Click on "Hibernate" and select "Enable Hibernate Support" then "Apply".
c. Click on the "Advanced" tab, you'll see "Hibernate" on "Power Buttons". Note that this option will only be seen after step

b mentioned above has been completed; otherwise only "Standby" and "Shutdown" will be shown. Select "Hibernate" and
"Apply".

3. Clean boot into DOS and run AOZVHDD utility.

a. If you assign t he whol e disk to yo ur Win 98 sys tem (FAT 16 or FAT 32), please ru n "aozvhdd /c /fil e". Please remember

sufficient free space has to be reserved in the disk, e.g. if you have 64 MB DRAM and 16 MB VGA card installed, the
system needs at least 80 MB free space. The utility will locate the space automatically.

b. If you assign an individual partition for Win 98, please run "aozvhdd /c /partition". Of course, the system needs to

provid e unf orm at te d an emp ty pa rt iti o n.

4. Reboot sys tem .

5. You've already implemented ACPI Suspend to-Hard Drive. Click "Start > Shut Down > Standby" then the screen will go off

immediately. And 1 minute or so will be taken for the system to save what's in the memory to the hard drive; the larger the
memory size the longer this process will take.

71

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Changing from APM to ACPI (Windows 98 only)

1. Run "Regedit.exe"

a. Go through the following path

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

SOFTWARE

MICROSOFT

WINDOWS

CURRENT VERSION

DETECT
b. Select "ADD Binary" and name it as "ACPIOPTION".
c. Right click and select Modify, add "01" after "0000" to make it "0000 01".
d. Save changes.

2. Select "Add New Hardware" under Control Panel. Allow Windows 98 to detect new hardware. (It will find "ACPI BI O S " and
remove "Plug and Pla y BIOS")

3. Reboot sys tem .

4. Clean boot into DOS and run "AOZVHDD.EXE /C /File"

Changing from ACPI to APM

1. Run "Regedit.exe"
a. Go through the following path

72

A

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

SOFTWARE

MICROSOFT

WINDOWS

CURRENT VERSION

DETECT

ACPI OPTION

b. Right click and select "Modify, change "01" to "02" to make it "0000 02".

c. Save changes.

2. Select "Add New Hardware" under Control Panel. Allow Windows 98 to detect new hardware. (It will find "Plug and Play

BIOS" and remove "ACPI BIOS")

3. Reboot sys tem .

4. Run "Add New Hardware" again and it will find "Advanced Power Management Resource".

5. Click "OK ".

Tip: "02" means Windows 98 is ACPI acknowledged
but the ACPI function is disabled.

Tip: Currently we found only ATI 3D Rage Pro AGP card would support

CPI suspend to disk. Please refer to AOpen web site for latest update.

73

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AACCPPII SSuussppeenndd ttoo RRAAMM ((SSTTRR))

This motherboard supports ACPI Suspend to RAM function. With this function, you can resume your original work directly from
DRAM without going through the Windows 98 booting process and run your application again. Suspend to DRAM saves your
current work in the system memory, it is faster than Suspend to Hard Drive but requires power supplied to DRAM, while
Suspend to Hard Drive requires no power.

When go into Suspend:

When power-on next time:

System Image & Status

in the DRAM

System Image & Status

in the DRAM

Backup by 3.3V
Power

Power back to

Other System

Devices

Other System

Devices

Power loss

Power back to
w

rk

74

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

To implement ACPI Suspend to DRAM, please follow the procedures as below:

System Requirement

1. An ACPI OS is required. Currently, except Windows 95 and Windows NT, all other Windows Systems support ACPI.

2. The Intel

®

Chipset Software Installation Utility must have been installed properly.

Procedures

1. Changed the following BIOS settings.

BIOS Setup > Power Management Setup > ACPI Function: Enabled

BIOS Setup > Power Management Setup > ACPI Suspend Type: S3.

2. Go to Control Panel > Power Management. Set “Power Buttons” to “Standby”.

3. Press power button or standby button to wake up the system.

75

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

PPhhooeenniixx--AAWWAARRDD BBIIOOSS

System parameters can be modified by going into BIOS Setup m enu, thi s menu al lows yo u to conf igure t he syst em param eters
and save the configuration into the 128 bytes CMOS area, (normally in the RTC chip or in the mai n chipset).

The AwardBIOS™ that installed in the Flash ROM
BIOS provides critical low-level support for standard devices such as hard disk drives, serial and parallel ports.

Most BIOS settings of MX4G have been optimized by AOpen’s R&D engineering team. But, the default setting of BIOS still can’t
fine-tune the chipset controlling entire system. Therefore this chapter aims to guide you through the process of configuring your
system using setup.

Currently there are two kinds of beep sound when system fails booting at POST. The first type of beep sound consists of a
single long beep and two short beeps, indicating a video error has failed BIOS from initializing video screen for displaying any
additional information. The 2
occurred. You may look over the indicated error according to different beep significances.

To enter to BIOS setup menu

nd

type of beep sound is a single long beep that beeps repeatedly, signaling a DRAM error has

, press <Del> when POST (Power-On Self Test) screen is shown on your monitor.

Note: Because the BIOS code is the most often
changed part of the motherboard design, the BIOS
information contained in this manual may be
different with actual BIOS that come with your
motherboard.

of the motherboard is a custom version of an industry standard BIOS. The

76

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAbboouutt BBIIOOSS FFuunnccttiioonn DDeessccrriippttiioonn……

AOpen always dedicates to give users a more friendly computer system. Now, we include all function descriptions of BIOS setup
program into the BIOS Flash ROM. When you select one function of BIOS setup program, the function description will appeared
at right side of screen. Hence, you don’t need read this manual while you changing the BIOS setting.

Menu Items Select Window Item Function Description Window

77

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

HHooww TToo UUssee AAwwaarrdd™™ BBIIOOSS SSeettuupp PPrrooggrraamm

Generally, you can use the arrow keys to highlight items that you want to choose, then press <Enter> key to select, and use the
<Page Up> and <Page Down> key to change setting value. You also can press <F1> key for help and press <Esc> key to quit

Award™ BIOS setup program. The following table provides details about how to use keyboard in the Award™ BIOS setup
program. By the way, all products of AOpen also provides a special function in the BIOS setup, you can press <F3> key
selecting preferred menu language to display.

Key Description

Page Up or + Changing setting to next value or increase the value.
Page Down or - Changing setting to previous value or decrease value.
Enter Select the item.
Esc 1. In main menu: Quit and don’t save any change.

2. In sub menu: Exit current menu to main menu.
Up Arrow Highlight previous item.
Down Arrow Highlight next item.
Left Arrow Move the light bar to left side of menu.
Right Arrow Move the light bar to right side of menu.
F1 Get menu or item help description.
F3 Changing menu language.
F5 Load previous setting value from CMOS.

78

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Key Description

F6 Load fail-save setting value from CMOS.
F7 Load turbo setting value from CMOS.
F10 Save changed setting and exit setup program.

79

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

HHooww TToo EEnntteerr BBIIOOSS SSeettuupp

After you finish the setting of jumpers and connect correct cables. Power on and enter the BIOS Setup, press <Del> during

POST (Power-On Self Test). Choose "Load Setup Defaults" for recommended optimal performance.

Del

Warning: Please avoid of using "Load Turbo Defaults", unless
you are sure your system components (CPU, DRAM, HDD, etc.)
are good enough for turbo setting.

80

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

BBIIOOSS UUppggrraaddee uunnddeerr WWiinnddoowwss eennvviirroonnmmeenntt

With outstanding R&D ability of AOpen, we now bring you a whole new BIOS Flash wizard ---- EZWinFlash. With an eye to
users convenience, EZWinFlash combines the BIOS binary code and flash module together, so the only thing you have to do is
just clicking on the utility you downloaded from web and let it helps you complete the flash process automatically. EZWinFlash
detects your motherboard and checks the BIOS version cleverly to prevent your system from any possible failure. Moreover,
EZWinFlash has been taken into consideration to go with any windows platform you might be using, no matter if you’re using
Windows 95/98, 98SE/ME, NT4.0/2000, or even the latest Windows XP.

In the meanwhile, in order to provide a much more user-friendly operating environment, AOpen EZWinFlash is natively designed
to have multi-language function to provide easier way for users’ usage in changing BIOS setting.

Note: The model name on this BIOS picture is for reference only. It may not be the same with your model.

Caution: By updating your motherboard,
you are taking a risk of BIOS flash
failure. If your motherboard is working
stable, and there are no major bugs that
had been f ixed by a latt er BIOS rev ision,
we recommend that you DO NOT try to
upgrade your BIOS.

If you intent on upgrading, PLEASE BE
SURE to get the right BIOS revision for
the right motherboard model to avoid any

81

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

You may accomplish BIOS upgrade procedure with EZWinFlash by the following steps, and it’s STRONGLY RECOMMMANDED
to close all the applications before you start the upgrading.

1. Download the new version of BIOS package zip file from AOpen official web site. (ex: http://www.aopen.com)

2. Unzip the download BIOS package (ex: WMX4G102.ZIP) with WinZip (http://www.winzip.com) in Windows environment.

3. Save the unzipped files into a folder, for example, WMX4G102.EXE & WMX4G102.BIN.

4. Double click on the WMX4G102.EXE, EZWinFlash will detect the model name and BIOS version of your motherboard. If
you had got the wrong BIOS, you will not be allowed to proceed with the flash steps.

5. You may select preferred language in the main menu, then click [Start Flash] to start the BIOS upgrade procedure.

6. EZWinFlash will complete all the process automatically, and a dialogue box will pop up to ask you to restart Windows.
You may click [YES] to reboot Windows.

7. Press <Del> at POST to enter BIOS setup, choose "Load Setup Defaults", then “Save & Exit Setup”. Done!

It is strongly recommended NOT to turn off the power or run any application during FLASH PROCESS.

Warning: The new BIOS upgrade will
permanently replace your original
BIOS’s settings when flashing. You
may need to reconfigure your BIOS
setting so that your system can go
back to work as normal.

82

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

OOvveerrcclloocckkiinngg

As a leading manufacturer in motherboard industry, AOpen always listens to what customers want and develop products to fit
different user's requirements. Reliability, compatibility, leading technology and friendly features are our basic goals when
designing motherboards. Other than above mentioned design criteria, there are power users who are always seeking to push
the limitation of the system performance by overclocking which we call them "Overclocker".

This section is dedicated to overclockers.
This high performance motherboard is designed for maximum 400MHz CPU bus clock. But it comes with clock generator of

248MHz when we design it to accommodate with future CPU bus clock. Not only that, the CPU clock ratio can be up to 24x that
supports almost all of Pentium

But not guaranty. ☺

Tip: Note that overclocking may also
cause thermal problem. Please make
sure that the cooling fan and the
heatsink were adequate to dissipate
excessive heat that's generated by
overclocking the CPU.

☺

☺☺

®

4 CPUs in the future and provides flexibility for overclockers.

Warning: The design of this product follows CPU and chipset vendor's
design guideline. Any attempts to push beyond product specification are
not recommended and you are taking your own risk to damage your
system or important data. Before doing overclocking, you must make sure
your components are able to tolerate such abnormal setting, especially
CPU, DRAMs, hard disks, and AGP VGA cards.

83

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

VVGGAA CCaarrdd && HHaarrdd DDiisskk

VGA and HDD is key components for overclocking, for your reference, the following list are what have been successful
overclocked in our lab. Please note that AOpen can not guaranty they can be successful overclocked again. Please check the
Available Vendor List ( AVL) by link to our official website.

VGA: http://www.aopen.com/tech/report/overclk/mb/vga-oc.htm
HDD: http://www.aopen.com/tech/report/overclk/mb/hdd-oc.htm

84

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

GGlloossssaarryy

AACC9977

Basically, AC97 specification separates sound/modem circuit to two parts, digital processor and a CODEC for analogy I/O they
are linked by AC97 link bus. Since digital processor can be put into motherboard main chipset, the cost of sound/modem
onboard solution can be reduced.

AACCPPII ((AAddvvaanncceedd CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn && PPoowweerr IInntteerrffaaccee))

ACPI is the power management specification of PC97 (1997). It intends to save m ore power by taking full control of power
management to operating system and bypass BIOS
to operating system (such as Windows 98). This is a bit similar as the PnP
power switch to control the power state transition.

AAGGPP ((AAcccceelleerraatteedd GGrraapphhiicc PPoorrtt))

AGP is a bus interface targeted for high-performance 3D graphic. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and
single-master single-slave one-to-one only. AGP uses both rising and falling edge of the 66MHz clock, for 2X AGP, the data
transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 2 = 528MB/s. AGP is now moving to 4X mode, 66MHz x 4byte x 4 = 1056MB/s. AOpen is the
first company to support 4X A GP motherboards by both AX6C (Intel 820) and MX64/AX64 (VIA 694x), started from Oct 1999.

. The chipset or super I/O chip needs to provide standard register interface

register interface. ACPI defines ATX momentary soft

85

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AAMMRR ((AAuuddiioo//MMooddeemm RRiisseerr))

The CODEC circuit of AC97 sound/modem solution can be put on motherboard or put on a riser card (AMR card) that connects
to motherboard through AMR connector.

AAOOppeenn BBoonnuuss PPaacckk CCDD

A disc bundled with AOpen motherboard product; there are motherboard drivers, Acrobat Reader for PDF online manual and
other us ef ul ut il iti es .

AAPPMM ((AAddvvaanncceedd PPoowweerr MMaannaaggeemmeenntt))

Unlike ACPI, BIOS controls most APM power management functions. AOpen Suspend to Hard Drive is a good example of APM
power management.

AATTAA ((AATT AAttttaacchhmmeenntt))

ATA is the specification of diskette interface. In 80’s, many software and hardware manufacturers instituted the ATA specification
together. The AT is meaning International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) personal computer/AT’s bus structure.

AATTAA//6666

ATA/66 uses both rising edge and falling edge but doubles UDMA/33 transfer rate. The data transfer rate is 4 times of the PIO
mode 4 or DMA mode 2, 16.6MB/s x4 = 66MB/s. To use ATA/66, you need special ATA/66 IDE cable.

86

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

AATTAA//110000

ATA/100 is a new IDE specification under developing. ATA/100 uses both rising edge and falling edge as ATA/66 but clock cycle
time is reduced to 40ns. The data transfer rate is (1/40ns) x 2 bytes x 2 = 100MB/s. To use ATA/100, you need special 80-wire
IDE cab l e, t h e s ame as ATA/66.

AATTAA//113333

ATA/133 is a new IDE specification under developing. ATA/133 uses both rising edge and falling edge as ATA/66 but clock cycle
time is reduced to 30ns. The data transfer rate is (1/30ns) x 2 bytes x 2 = 133MB/s. To use ATA/133, you need special 80-wire
IDE cab l e, t h e s ame as ATA/66.

BBIIOOSS ((BBaassiicc IInnppuutt//OOuuttppuutt SSyysstteemm))

BIOS is a set of assembly routine/program that reside in EPROM or Flash R OM. BIOS controls Input/output devices and other
hardware devices of motherboard. In general, to provide hardware independent portability, operation system and drivers is
required to access BIOS without directly access hardware devices.

87

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

BBuuss MMaasstteerr IIDDEE ((DDMMAA mmooddee))

The traditional PIO (Programmable I/O) IDE requires the CPU to involve in all the activities of the IDE access including waiting
for the mechanical events. To reduce the workload of the CPU, the bus master IDE device transfers data from/to memory
without interrupting CPU, and releases CPU to operate concurrently while data is transferring between memory and IDE device.
You need the bus master IDE driver and the bus master IDE HDD to support bus master IDE mode.

CCNNRR ((CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn aanndd NNeettwwoorrkkiinngg RRiisseerr))

The CNR specification provides the PC industry the opportunity to deliver a flexible and cost reduced method of implementing
LAN, home networking, DSL, USB, wireless, audio and modem subsystems widely used in today's "connected PCs". The CNR
specification is an open industry specification and is supported by OEMs, IHV card manufacturers, silicon supplier and
Microsoft.

CCOODDEECC ((CCooddiinngg aanndd DDeeccooddiinngg))

Normally, CODEC means a circuit that can do digital to analog conversion and also the analog to digital conversion. It is part of

AC97

sound/modem solution.

DDDDRR ((DDoouubbllee DDaattaa RRaatteedd)) SSDDRRAAMM

DDR SDRAM utilizes the existing DRAM infrastructure and technology while doubling the nominal bandwidth available to
systems in an easy to design and simple to adopt way. Initially a perfect solution for memory intensive server and workstation
applications, DDR low cost and low voltage will ultimately make it an ideal solution for all segments of the PC market, high
performance desktop and mobile PCs, Value PCs and even Internet Appliances and mobile devices.

88

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

DDIIMMMM ((DDuuaall IInn LLiinnee MMeemmoorryy MMoodduullee))

DIMM socket has total 168-pin and supports 64-bit data. It can be single or double side, the golden finger signals on each side
of PCB are different, and that is why it was called Dual In Line. Almost all DIMMs are made by SDRAM
Note that some old DIMMs are made by FPM/EDO

DDMMAA ((DDiirreecctt MMeemmoorryy AAcccceessss))

Channel for communications between the memory and surrounding devices.

EECCCC ((EErrrroorr CChheecckkiinngg aanndd CCoorrrreeccttiioonn))

The ECC mode needs 8 ECC bits for 64-bit data. Each time memory is accessed; ECC bits are updated and checked by a
special algorithm. The ECC algorithm has the ability to detect double-bit error and automatically correct single-bit error while
parity mode can only detect single-bit error.

EEDDOO ((EExxtteennddeedd DDaattaa OOuuttppuutt)) MMeemmoorryy

The EDO DRAM technology is actually very similar to FPM (Fast Page Mode). Unlike traditional FPM that tri-states the memory
output data to start the pre-charge activity, EDO DRAM holds the memory data valid until the next memory access cycle, that is
similar to pipeline effect and reduces one clock state.

, which operate at 3.3V.

and only operate at 5V. Do not confuse them with SDRAM DIMM.

89

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

EEEEPPRROOMM ((EElleeccttrroonniicc EErraassaabbllee PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee RROOMM))

Also known as E2PROM. Both EEPROM and Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals, but the interface
technology is different. Size of EEPROM is much smaller than flash ROM.

EEPPRROOMM ((EErraassaabbllee PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee RROOMM))

Traditional motherboard stores BIOS code in EPROM. EPROM can only be erased by ultra-violet (UV) light. If BIOS has to be
upgraded, you need to remove EPROM from motherboard, clear by UV light, re-program, and then insert back.

EEVV66 BBuuss

EV6 Bus in the technology of Alpha processor from Digital Equipment Corporation. EV6 bus uses both rising and falling clock
edge to transfer data, similar as DDR SDRAM or ATA/66 IDE bus.
EV6 Bus Speed = CPU external bus clock x 2.
For example, 200 MHz EV6 bus is actually using 100 MHz external bus clock, but the equivalent speed is 200 MHz.

FFCCCC DDooCC ((DDeeccllaarraattiioonn ooff CCoonnffoorrmmiittyy))

The DoC is component certification standard of FCC EMI regulations. This standard allows DIY component (such as
motherboard) to apply DoC label separately without a shielding of housing.

90

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

FFCC--PPGGAA ((FFlliipp CChhiipp--PPiinn GGrriidd AArrrraayy))

FC means Flip Chip, FC-PGA is a new package of Intel for Pentium III CPU. It can plug into SKT370 socket, but require
motherboard to add some signals on socket 370. That is, the motherboard needs to be redesigned. Intel is going to ship
FC-PGA 370 CPU and phase out slot1 CPU.

FFllaasshh RROOMM

Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals. It is easier for BIOS to upgrade by a flash utility, but it is also easier to
be infected by virus. Because of increase of new functions, BIOS size is increased from 64KB to 256KB (2M bit). AOpen AX5T is
the first board to implement 256KB (2Mbit) Flash ROM. Now flash ROM size is moving to 4M bit on AX6C (Intel 820) and MX3W
(Intel 810) motherboard. , AOpen motherboard uses EEPROM for jumper-less and battery-less design.

FFSSBB ((FFrroonntt SSiiddee BBuuss)) CClloocckk

FSB Clock means CPU external bus clock.
CPU internal clock = CPU FSB Clock x CPU Clock Ratio

2

2

I

I

CC BBuuss

See SMBus.

91

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

IIEEEEEE 11339944

IEEE 1394 is a low-cost digital interface originated by Apple Computer as a desktop LAN and developed by the IEEE 1394
working group. The IEEE 1394 can transport data at 100, 200 or 400 Mbps. One of the solutions to connect digital television
devices together at 200 Mbps. Serial Bus Management provides overall configuration control of the serial bus in the form of
optimizing arbitration timing, guarantee of adequate electrical power for all devices on the bus, assignment of isochronous
channel ID, and notification of errors. There are two type of IEEE 1394 data transfer: asynchronous and isochronous.
Asynchronous transport is the traditional computer memory-mapped, load and store interface. Data requests are sent to a
specific address and an acknowledgment is returned. In addition to an architecture that scales with silicon technology, IEEE
1394 features a unique isochronous data channel interface. Isochronous data channels provide guaranteed data transport at a
pre-determined rate. This is especially important for time-critical multimedia data where just-in-time delivery eliminates the need
for costly buffering.

PPaarriittyy BBiitt

The parity mode uses 1 parity bit for each byte, normally it is even parity mode, that is, each time the memory data is updated,
parity bi t will be adjusted to have ev en count " 1" for ea ch byte. W hen next t ime, if m emory is r ead with odd numbe r of "1", th e
parity error is occurred and this is called single bit error detection.

PPBBSSRRAAMM ((PPiippeelliinneedd BBuurrsstt SSRRAAMM))

For Socket 7 CPU, one burst data read requires four QWord (Quad-word, 4x16 = 64 bits). PBSRAM only needs one address
decoding time and automatically sends the remaining QWords to CPU according to a predefined sequence. Normally, it is
3-1-1-1, total 6 clocks, which is faster than asynchronous SRAM. PBSRAM is often used on L2 (level 2) cache of Socket 7 CPU.
Slot 1 and Socket 370 CPU do not need PBSRAM.

92

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

PPCC--110000 DDIIMMMM

SDRAM DIMM that supports 100MHz CPU FSB bus clock.

PPCC--113333 DDIIMMMM

SDRAM DIMM that supports 133MHz CPU FSB bus clock.

PPCC--11660000 oorr PPCC--22110000 DDDDRR DDRRAAMM

Based on FSB frequency, the DDR DRAM has 200MHz and 266MHz two type of working frequency. Because of DDR DRAM
data bus is 64-bit, it provides data transfer bandwidth up to 200x64/8=1600MB/s, and 266x64/8=2100MB/s. Hence, the PC-1600
DDR DRAM is working with 100MHz and PC-2100 DDR DRAM is working with 133MHz FSB frequency.

PPCCII ((PPeerriipphheerraall CCoommppoonneenntt IInntteerrffaaccee)) BBuuss

Bus for the internal connection of peripheral devices, high-speed data channel between the computer and expansion card.

PPDDFF FFoorrmmaatt

A file format for electronic document, PDF format is independent from platform, you can read PDF file under Windows, Unix,
Linux, Mac … with different PDF reader. You can also read PDF file by web browser such as IE and Netscape, note that you
need to install PDF plug-in first (Included in Acrobat Reader).

93

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

PPnnPP ((PPlluugg aanndd PPllaayy))

The PnP specification suggests a standard register interface for both BIOS and operating system (such as W indows 95). These
registers are used by BIOS and operating system to configure system resource and prevent any conflicts. PnP BIOS or
operating system will automatically allocate the IRQ/DMA/Memory. Currently, almost all the PCI cards and most ISA cards are
already PnP compliant.

PPOOSSTT ((PPoowweerr--OOnn SSeellff TTeesstt))

The BIOS self-test procedure after power-on, sometimes, it is the first or the second screen shown on your monitor during
system boot.

RRDDRRAAMM ((RRaammbbuuss DDRRAAMM))

Rambus is a memory technology that uses large burst mode data transfer. Theoretically, the data transfer should be high than

SDRAM

channel, and this channel may have maximum 32 RDRAM devices, no matter how many RIMM

. RDRAM is cascaded in channel operation. For Intel 820, only one RDRAM channel is supported, 16-bit data per

RRIIMMMM ((RRaammbbuuss IInnlliinnee MMeemmoorryy MMoodduullee))

184-pin memory module that supports RDRAM memory technology. A RIMM memory module may contain up to maximum of 16
RDRAM devices.

sockets.

94

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

SSDDRRAAMM ((SSyynncchhrroonnoouuss DDRRAAMM))

SDRAM is one of the DRAM technologies that allow DRAM to use the same clock as the CPU host bus (EDO and FPM are
asynchronous and do not have clock signal). It is similar as PBSRAM
168-pin DIMM

SShhaaddooww E

A memory space in Flash-ROM to simulate E2PROM operation, AOpen motherboard uses Shadow E2PROM for jumper-less and
battery-less design

and operates at 3.3V. AOpen is the first company to support dual-SDRAM DIMMs onboard (AP5V), from Q1 1996

2

2

E

PPRROOMM

SSIIMMMM ((SSiinnggllee IInn LLiinnee MMeemmoorryy MMoodduullee))

SIMM socket is only 72-pin, and is only single side. The golden finger signals on each side of PCB are identical. That is why it
was called Single In Line. SIMM is made by FPM or EDO
current motherboard design.

SSMMBBuuss ((SSyysstteemm MMaannaaggeemmeenntt BBuuss))

SMBus is also called I2C bus. It is a two-wire bus developed for component communication (especially for semiconductor IC).
For example, set clock of clock generator for jumper-less motherboard. The data transfer rate of SMBus is only 100Kbit/s, it
allows one host to communicate with CPU and many masters and slaves to send/receive message.

to use burst mode transfer. SDRAM comes in 64-bit

DRAM and supports 32-bit data. SIMM had been phased out on

95

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

SSPPDD ((SSeerriiaall PPrreesseennccee DDeetteecctt))

SPD is a small ROM or EEPROM device resided on the DIMM or RI M M . SP D stores mem ory module i nformation such as DRAM
timing and chip parameters. SPD can be used by BIOS

UUllttrraa DDMMAA

Ultra DMA (or, more accurately, Ultra DMA/33) is a protocol for transferring data between a hard disk drive through the
computer’s data path (or bus) to the computer’s random access memory (RAM). The Ultra DMA/33 protocol transfers data in
burst mode at a rate of 33.3MB/s, twice as fast as the previous Direct Access Memory (DMA) interface. Ultra DMA was
developed as a proposed industry standard by the Quantum corporation, makes of hard disk drives, and Intel, makes of chipset
that support computer bus technology. Ultra DMA support in your computer means that it will boot (start) and open new
applications more quickly. It will help users of graphic-intensive and applications that require large amounts of access to data on
the hard disk drive. Ultra DMA uses Cyclical Redundancy Checking (CRC), offering a new level of data protection. Ultra DMA
uses the s am e 40 -pi n ID E int e rfac e c abl e as P IO a nd D MA.

16.6MB/s x2 = 33MB/s

16.6MB/s x4 = 66MB/s

16.6MB/s x6 = 100MB/s

UUSSBB ((UUnniivveerrssaall SSeerriiaall BBuuss))

USB is a 4-pin serial peripheral bus that is capable of cascading low/medium speed peripherals (less than 10Mbit/s) such as
keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, printer and modem. With USB, the traditional complex cables from back panel of your PC
can be elim i nat ed .

to decide best timing for this DIMM or RIMM.

96

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

VVCCMM ((VViirrttuuaall CChhaannnneell MMeemmoorryy))

NEC’s Virtual Channel Memory (VCM) is a new DRAM core architecture that dramatically improves the memory system’s ability
to service multimedia requirements. VCM increases memory bus efficiency and performance of any DRAM technology by
providing a set of fast static registers between the memory core and I/O pins. Using VCM technology results in reduced data
access latency and reduced power consumption.

ZZIIPP ffiillee

A compressed file format to reduce file size. To unzip file, run shareware PKUNZIP (http://www.pkware.com/) for DOS and other
operating system or WINZIP (http://www.winzip.com/

) for windows environment.

97

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

TTrroouubblleesshhoooottiinngg

If you encounter any trouble to boot you system, follow the procedures accordingly to resolve the problem.

Start

Turn off the power and unplug the AC power cable, then remove all of the

add-on cards and cables, including VGA, IDE, FDD, COM1, COM2 and

printer.

Make sure if all jumper settings are correct.

Clear CMOS

Next

98

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Install the VGA card. Then connect your monitor and keyboard.

supply and CPU fan work

Next

Continue

Turn on the power

and check if the power

properly.

NoYes

The problem is probably caused by
power supply or motherboard failure
Please contact your reseller or local
distributor for repairing.

.

99

MMXX44GG OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall

Press <Ctrl> and <Alt> key at the same time, hold

them and then press <Del> to reboot the system.

Continue

Check if there is display?

Yes

Check if the system

reboots?

Yes

Next

No

No

Perhaps your VGA card

or monitor is defective.

It is very possible that your

keyboard is defective.

100