What’s in this manual .................................................................................................................................................................... 2
You Must Notice ............................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Before You Start............................................................................................................................................................................ 9
About “User Upgrade Optional” and “Manufacture Upgrade Optional”… ................................................................................... 19
CPU Installation........................................................................................................................................................................... 20
CPU Core Voltage Auto Detectable ............................................................................................................................................ 24
CPU and System Fan Connector (with H/W Monitoring) ............................................................................................................ 26
Front Panel Connector ................................................................................................................................................................ 29
ATX Power Connector................................................................................................................................................................. 30
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AC Power Auto Recovery............................................................................................................................................................30
IDE and Floppy Connector..........................................................................................................................................................31
10/100/1000 Mbps LAN onboard ................................................................................................................................................36
Color Coded Back Panel.............................................................................................................................................................37
Case Open Connector.................................................................................................................................................................39
CD Audio Connector ................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Front Audio Connector ................................................................................................................................................................42
S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) Connector......................................................................................................................43
Super 5.1 Channel Audio Effect..................................................................................................................................................44
AGP Protection Technology and AGP LED................................................................................................................................. 48
AOpen “Watch Dog ABS”............................................................................................................................................................ 49
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Battery-less and Long Life Design .............................................................................................................................................. 50
Phoenix Award BIOS..............................................................................................................................55
About BIOS Function Description…............................................................................................................................................56
How To Use Phoenix Award™ BIOS Setup Program .................................................................................................................57
How To Enter BIOS Setup........................................................................................................................................................... 58
BIOS Upgrade under Windows environment ..............................................................................................................................59
The noise is gone!! ---- SilentTek ................................................................................................................................................ 62
Driver and Utility....................................................................................................................................65
Auto-run Menu from Bonus CD...................................................................................................................................................65
Installing IDE Driver.....................................................................................................................................................................66
ACPI (Advanced Configuration & Power Interface) .................................................................................................................... 87
ACR (Advanced Communication Riser)......................................................................................................................................87
AMR (Audio/Modem Riser) ......................................................................................................................................................... 88
ATA (AT Attachment) ...................................................................................................................................................................88
EV6 Bus ......................................................................................................................................................................................91
FCC DoC (Declaration of Conformity)......................................................................................................................................... 91
PDF Format................................................................................................................................................................................. 94
PnP (Plug and Play)....................................................................................................................................................................94
POST (Power-On Self Test)........................................................................................................................................................ 94
PSB (Processor System Bus) Clock ........................................................................................................................................... 94
RDRAM (Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory).............................................................................................................. 95
SATA (Serial ATA)........................................................................................................................................................................95
SPD (Serial Presence Detect)..................................................................................................................................................... 96
USB 2.0 (Universal Serial Bus)...................................................................................................................................................96
Wireless LAN – 802.11b..............................................................................................................................................................97
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ZIP file.........................................................................................................................................................................................97
How to Contact Us...............................................................................................................................106
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YYoouu MMuusstt NNoottiiccee
Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat is trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
AMD, the AMD logo, Athlon and Duron are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Intel, the Intel logo, Intel Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium III and Pentium 4 are trademarks of Intel Corporation.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or
other countries.
All product and brand names used on this manual are used for identification purposes only and may be the registered trade marks of their
respective owners.
All of the specifications and information contained in this manual are subject to change without notice. AOpen reserves the right to revise
this publication and to make reasonable changes. AOpen assumes no responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this
manual, including the products and software described in it.
This documentation is protected by copyright law. All rights are reserved.
No part of this document may be used or reproduced in a ny form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval s ystem
without prior written permission from AOpen Corporation.
Copyright
This Online Manual will introduce to the user how this product is installed. All useful information will be described in later chapters. Please
keep this manual carefully for future upgrades or system configuration changes. This Online Manual is saved in
recommend using Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.0 for online viewing, it is included in Bonus CD or you can get free download from
site.
Although this Online Manual is optimized for screen viewing, it is still capable for hardcopy printing, you can print it by A4 paper size and set
2 pages per A4 sheet on your printer. To do so, choose File > Page Setup and follow the instruction of your printer driver.
Thanks for the help of saving our earth.
PDF format, we
Adobe web
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OOvveerrvviieeww
Thank you for choosing AOpen MX46-800N / MX46-800L motherboard. MX46-800N / MX46-800L is Intel® Socket 478 motherboard (M/B)
based on the micro-ATX form factor featuring the
MX46-800L supports Intel
performance, it has one AGP slot and supports
MX46-800L supports
mode and the transfer rate up to 133MB/s. More than that, on the strength of Realtek LAN controller on board, which is a highly-integrated
Platform LAN Connect device, it provides 10/100Mbps or gigabits Ethernet for office and home use. Furthermore, this motherboard has a
S/PDIF connector and supports
chipset onboard providing high performance and magic surround stereo sound to let people enjoy working with it. Now, let’s enjoy all
features from AOpen MX46-800N / MX46-800L motherboard.
®
Socket 478 Pentium® 4 (Northwood CPUs) and 400/533/800MHz Front Side Bus (FSB) clock. In the AGP
DDR 266, DDR333andDDR400 up to 2 GB maximum. The on-board IDE controller supports Ultra DMA 66/100/133
USB 2.0 with a fancy speed of up to 480Mbps. Besides, MX46-800N / MX46-800L has an AC97 CODEC
SIS 661FX chipset. As high performance chipset built in the M/B, MX46-800N /
AGP 8X/4X modes. According to different customer’s requirements, MX46-800N /
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FFeeaattuurree HHiigghhlliigghhtt
CPU
MX46-800N / MX46-800L supports Intel® Socket 478 Pentium® 4 (Northwood CPUs) 1.4GHz~2.8GHz+ with 800MHz Front Side Bus (FSB)
designed for Socket 478 technology.
Chipset
The SiS661FX chipset features a SiS Real256E GPU, an AGP-8X port, and a Shared Memory Architecture DDR400 unified memory
controller, supporting Intel Hyper Threading Technology Pentium 4 microprocessors series with FSB 800MHz. The SiS661FX Host Interface
features the AGTL & AGTL+ compliant bus driver technology with integrated on-die termination to support Intel Pentium 4 series processors
with FSB 800MHz. The AGP interface supports the external AGP slot with AGP 4X/8X capability and Fast Write Transactions. The
SiS661FX incorporates the second generation 1GB/s MuTIOL 1G interface, comprising the transaction layer, link layer, and physical layer,
to bridge the SiS963L Media I/O. The South Bridge SIS 963L MuTIOL 1G Media I/O integrates one Universal Serial Bus 2.0 Host
Controllers, the Audio Controller with AC97 Interface, the Ethernet MAC Controller w/ standard MII interface, two Universal Serial Bus 1.1
Host Controllers, the IDE Master/Slave controllers, and SiS MuTIOL 1G technology. The PCI to LPC bridge, I/O Advanced Programmable
Interrupt Controller, legacy system I/O and legacy power management functionalities are integrated as well.
1MHz Stepping CPU Frequency Adjustment
Provides “1MHz Stepping CPU Frequency Adjustment” function in the BIOS. This magic function allows you to adjust CPU FSB frequency
from 100~248MHz by 1MHz stepping adjustment, and helps your system get maximum performance.
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Memory
Provides two 184-pin DDR DIMM sockets that support up to 2GB of DDR400, DDR333 and DDR266.
Expansion Slots
Including three 32-bit/33MHz PCI, one AGP 4X/8X slots. The PCI local bus throughput can be up to 132MB/s. The Accelerated Gra phics
Port (AGP) specification provides a new level of video display sophistication and speed. The AGP video cards support data transfer rate up
to 1056MB/s. MX46-800N / MX46-800L motherboard includes one AGP expansion slot for a bus mastering AGP graphic card. Of three PCI
slots provided, all of them are master PCI slots with arbitration and decoding for all integrated functions and LPC bus.
Six USB2.0 Connectors
Implements four ports on the back panel and one connector on the board, providing you a total of six USB2.0 interface devices such as
mouse, keyboard, modem, scanner, etc.
Watch Dog ABS
Includes AOpen “Watch Dog ABS” function that can auto-reset system in few seconds when you fail system overclocking.
LAN Port
On the strength ofRealtek LAN controller on board, which is a highly-integrated Platform LAN Connect device, it provides 10/100 Mbps or
gigabits Mbps Ethernet for office and home use.
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Ultra DMA 33/66/100/133 Bus Ma ter IDE
Comes with an on-board PCI Bus Master IDE controller with two connectors that support four IDE devices in two channels, supports Ultra
DMA 33/66/100/133, PIO Modes 3 and 4 and Bus Master IDE DMA Mode 5, and supports Enhanced IDE devices.
On-board AC’97 Sound
MX46-800N / MX46-800L uses RealTek AC97 sound chip. This on-board audio includes a complete audio recording and playback system.
Power Management/Plug and Play
Supports the power management function that confirms to the power-saving standards of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Energy Star program. It also offers
user-friendlier.
Hardware Monitoring Management
Supports CPU or system fans status, temperature and voltage monitoring and alert, through the on-board hardware monitor module.
Enhanced ACPI
Fully implement the ACPI standard for Windows® 98/ME/2000 series compatibility, and supports Soft-Off, STR (Suspend to RAM, S3), STD
(Suspend to Disk, S4) features.
Plug-and-Play, which helps save users from configuration problems, thus making the system much
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Super Multi-I/O
Provides two high-speed UART compatible serial ports and one parallel port with EPP and ECP capabilities. UART can also be directed
from COM1 to the Infrared Module for the wireless connections.
This page gives you a quick procedure on how to install your system. Follow each step accordingly.
1. Installing CPU and Fan
2. Installing System Memory (DIMM)
3. Connecting Front Panel Cable
4. Connecting IDE and Floppy Cable
5. Connecting ATX Power Cable
6. Connecting Back Panel Cable
7. Power-on and Load BIOS Setup Default
8. Setting CPU Frequency
9. Reboot
10. Installing Operating System (such as Windows XP)
11. Installing Driver and Utility
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S/PDIF Connector
Front Audio Connector
AC’97 CODEC
AUX-IN Connector
CD-IN Connector
32-bit PCI Expansion Slot x3
USB2.0 Connector
JP14 CMOS Clear Jumper
C ase Open Connector pen Connector
IrDA Connector
Front Panel Connecto
SYSFAN2 connecto
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Motherboard Map Motherboard Map
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Colored Back Panel
Resetable Fuse
JP28 Keyboard/Mouse Wakeup
Jumper
4-
in 12V. ATX Power Connecto
Low ESR Capacitors
1 Connecto
SYSFAN
AGP 8x Expansion Slot
478-pin CPU socket that
supports Intel
(Northwood)
SIS 661FX/963L Chipsets
CPUFAN1 Connecto
184-pin DIMMx2 supports
DDR400/333/266 maximum up to
2GB
ATA100/133 IDE Connector x2
FDD Connector
®
Pentium® 4 CPU
16
ATX Power Connector
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BBlloocckk DDiiaaggrraamm
Socket 478
Intel Pentium 4
CPU (Northwood)
800/533/400MHz System Bus
AGP 8X/4X Slot
DDR 400/333/266 SDRAM Up to 2GB
DIMM Socket x2
400MHz System Bus
SIS 661FX
LAN connect Component
USB Port x6
Floppy Disk Drive x2
PCI Bus
USB Port
USB Port
USB Port
Realtek
32-bit PCI Slot x3
ATA
66/100/133
Primary
Channel
Secondary
Channel
SIS 963L
ITE
8705F
RealTek
AC97
CODEC
2Mbit Flash EEPROM
Parallel Port
Serial Port x2
IDE Drive x4
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HHaarrddwwaarree IInnssttaallllaattiioonn
This chapter describes jumpers, connectors and hardware devices of this motherboard.
Note: Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage your processor, disk drives, expansion boards, and other
components. Always observe the following precautions before you install a system component.
1. Do not remove a component from its protective packaging until you are ready to install it.
2. Wear a wrist ground strap and attach it to a metal part of the system unit before handling a component. If
a wrist strap is not available, maintain contact with the system unit throughout any procedure requiring
ESD protection.
When you read this online manual and start to assemble your computer system, you may notice that some of the functions are marked as
“User Upgrade Optional” or “Manufacture Upgrade Optional”. Although all of AOpen’s motherboards have included many amazing and
powerful features, sometimes not every user is familiar with these powerful features. As a result of this we define features that can be
upgraded by users as “User Upgrade Optional”. You can upgrade these functions by purchasing additional devices. As for functions that
cannot be upgraded by users, we define them as “Manufacture Upgrade Optional”. If need be, you can contact our local distributors or
resellers to purchase “Manufacture Upgrade Optional” components, and again you are also welcome to visit our official website at
english.aopen.com.tw for detail information.
raaddee OOppttiioonnaall””……
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This motherboard supports Intel® Pentium 4 Socket 478 series CPU (Northwood CPU). Be careful of CPU orientation when you plug it into
CPU socket.
1. Pull up the CPU socket lever and
up to 90-degree angle.
2. Locate Pin 1 in the socket and look for mark on the CPU upper interface.
Match Pin 1 and cut edge, then insert the CPU into the socket.
Note: Those pictures are for example only; they may not look the same with the motherboard you purchased.
CPU socket
Lever
CPU pin 1 and
cut edge
CPU cut edge
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3. Press down the CPU socket lever and finish CPU
installation.
Note: This picture is for example only; it may not look the same with the motherboard you purchased.
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CPU cut edge
Note: If you do not match the CPU
socket Pin 1 and CPU cut edge well, you
ma
damage the CPU.
Note: This socket supports
Micro-FC-PGA2 package CPU, which is
the latest CPU package developed by
Intel. Other forms of CPU package are
impossible to be fitted in.
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This motherboard comes with a retention module attached on the CPU socket when shipped, we strongly recommend you to install AOpen
special designed CPU Fan as shown below on the retention module for better heat dissipation. Please install the CPU Fan correctly as the
following pictures shown.
1. Gently put the CPU Fan down on the
retention module with clips aligning correctly
to the four corners.
2. Pressing down the four clips with force one by one
on the retention module.
Cool down CPU and Chipset are important for system reliability. Enlarged aluminum heat sink provides better heat consumption especially
when you are trying to over-clock the CPU.
Warning: SIS 661FX chipsets support
maximum 800MHz (200MHz*4) system
bus and 66MHz AGP clock; higher clock
setting may cause serious system
damage.
Note: SIS 661FX chipset only support
Northwood processor. Northwood
processor would detect the clock ratio
automatically; you may not be able to
adjust the clock ratio in BIOS manually.
Plug in the CPU fan cable to the 3-pin CPUFAN connector. If you have chassis fan, you can also plug it on SYSFAN1 or SYSFAN2
connector.
SYSFAN1 Connector
CPUFAN Connector
Note: Some CPU fans do not have
sensor pin, so that they cannot support
hardware monitoring function.
GND
+12V
SENSOR
SYSFAN2 Connector
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This motherboard supports DDR400/333/266 with Maximum capacity up to 2GB. This motherboard has two 184-pin DDR DIMM sockets
that allow you to install DDR400 or DDR333 or DDR266 memory up to 2GB. Only Non-ECC DDR RAM is supported, other type of modules
will cause serious damage on memory sockets or SDRAM module.
Warning: This motherboard supports DDR
RAM. Please do not install the SDRAM on
the DDR RAM sockets; otherwise, it will
cause serious damage on memory sockets
or SDRAM module.
Please follow the procedure as shown below to finish memory installation.
1. Make sure the DIMM module’s pin face down and match the socket’s size as depicted below.
2. Insert the module straight down to the DIMM slot with both hands and press down firmly until the DIMM module is securely in place.
3. Repeat step 2 to finish additional DIMM modules installation.
Pin 1
Tab
Key
52 pins40 pins
28
Pin 1
Note: The tabs of the DIMM slot
will close-up to hold the DIMM in
place when the DIMM touches the
slot’s bottom.
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Pin1
Attach the power LED, Keylock, speaker, power and reset switch connectors to the
corresponding pins. If you enable “Suspend Mode” item in BIOS Setup, the ACPI &
Power LED will keep flashing while the system is in suspend mode.
Locate the power switch cable from your ATX housing. It is 2-pin female connector
from the housing front panel. Plug this connector to the soft-power switch connector
marked SPWR.
Suspend Type ACPI LED
Power on Suspend (S2) or Suspend to RAM (S3) Flashing for every second
Suspend to Disk (S4) The LED will be turned off
NC
+5V
+5V
+5V
GND
NC
1
SPWR
GND
ACPILEDGND
ACPILED+
NC
NC
GND
RESET
GND
IDE LED
SPEAKER
1
Power Switch
ACPI & Power
LED
RESET
IDE LED
IDE LED
SPEAKER
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This motherboard comes with a 20-pin and 4-pin ATX power connector. Make sure you plug in the right direction. We strongly recommend
you to connect the 4-pin 12V ATX connector before connecting the 20-pin ATX power connector and use standard power supply specially
designed for Pentium 4 system.
AACC PPoowweerr AAuuttoo RReeccoovveerryy
A traditional ATX system should remain at power off stage when AC power resumes from power failure. This design is inconvenient for a
network server or workstation, without an UPS, that needs to keep power-on. This motherboard implements an AC Power Auto Recovery
function to solve this problem.
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Connect 34-pin floppy cable and 40-pin IDE cable to floppy connector FDD and IDE connector. Be careful of the pin1 orientation. Wrong
orientation may cause system damage.
Secondary
Slave (4th)
Primary
Slave (2nd)
ATA 66/100/133
IDE Connector
Pin 1
Secondary
Master (3rd)
IDE 2 (Secondary)
IDE 1 (Primary)
Primary
Master (1st)
FDD Connector
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IDE1 is also known as the primary channel and IDE2 as the secondary channel. Each channel supports two IDE devices that make a total
of four devices. In order to work together, the two devices on each channel must be set differently to Master and Slave mode. Either one
can be the hard disk or the CDROM. The setting as master or slave mode depends on the jumper on your IDE device, so please refer to
your hard disk and CDROM manual accordingly.
Tip:
1. For better signal quality, it is recommended to set the far end side device to
master mode and follow the suggested sequence to install your new device.
Please refer to above diagram
2. To achieve the best performance of Ultra DMA 66/100/133 hard disks, a special
Warning: The specification of the IDE cable is a maximum of 46cm (18 inches);
make sure your cable does not exceed this length.
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AATTAA//113333 SSuuppppoorrtteedd
This motherboard supports ATA66, ATA100 or ATA133 IDE devices. Following table lists the transfer rate of IDE PIO and DMA modes. The
IDE bus is 16-bit, which means every transfer is two bytes. As the hard drive industry introduces f aster and higher capacity hard drives,
the current Ultra ATA/100 interface causes a data bottleneck between the drive and the host computer. To avoid this problem, hard disk
manufactures have introduced the new Ultra ATA-133 interface technology.
percent increase in interface speed with transfer rate of 133MB/s. ATA/133 performance is ideal for new operating systems, such as
Window XP, that demand more storage space and faster data transfer rates from more responsive computing experiences.
To make good use of this new technology and enjoy its best performance, we recommend you to pair your system with a hard disk
equipped with ATA/133 technology so that your system's need for speed on this motherboard can be satisfied.
Compared to traditional ATA/100, ATA/133 has up to 33
Mode Clock Period Clock Count Cycle Time Data Transfer Rate
PIO mode 0 30ns 20 600ns (1/600ns) x 2byte = 3.3MB/s
PIO mode 1 30ns 13 383ns (1/383ns) x 2byte = 5.2MB/s
PIO mode 2 30ns 8 240ns (1/240ns) x 2byte = 8.3MB/s
PIO mode 3 30ns 6 180ns (1/180ns) x 2byte = 11.1MB/s
PIO mode 4 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s
DMA mode 0 30ns 16 480ns (1/480ns) x 2byte = 4.16MB/s
DMA mode 1 30ns 5 150ns (1/150ns) x 2byte = 13.3MB/s
DMA mode 2 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s
ATA 66 30ns 2 60ns (1/60ns) x 2byte x2 = 66MB/s
ATA 100 20ns 2 40ns (1/40ns) x 2byte x2 = 100MB/s
ATA 133 15ns 2 30ns (1/30ns) x 2byte x2= 133MB/s
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IIrrDDAA CCoonnnneeccttoorr
The IrDA connector can be configured to support wireless infrared module. With this module and application software such as Laplink or
Windows 95 Direct Cable Connection, user can transfer files to or from laptops, notebooks, PDA devices and printers. This connector
supports HPSIR (115.2Kbps, 2 meters) and ASK-IR (56Kbps).
Install the infrared module onto the IrDA connector and enable the infrared function from BIOS Setup, UART Mode. Make sure that you
plug the IrDA connector with correct orientation.
This model provides an AGP 8X slot. The AGP 8X is a bus interface targeted for high-performance
3D graphic. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and single-master single-slave
one-to-one only. AGP uses both rising and falling edge of the 66MHz clock, for 4X AGP, the data
transfer rate is 66MHz x 4bytes x 4 = 1056MB/s. AGP is now moving to AGP 8X mode, which is 66MHz x 4bytes x 8 =2.1GB/s.
On the strength of Realtek 8201BL Phy (for MX46-800N) or 8110S-32 LAN controller (MX46-800L) on board, which are highly
integrated platform LAN connect devices, they provide 10/100Mbps or gigabits Ethernet for office and home use. The Ethernet RJ45
connector is located on top of USB connectors. The right-hand side LED on RJ45 connector indicates linking mode; It shows yellow
whenever accessing to network. The left-hand side LED on RJ45 connector indicates transferring mode; it lights in green when 100Mbps
LAN is connected (no light while 10Mbps is connected), and lights in orange when gigabits LAN is connected. To enable or disable this
function, you can simply adjust it in BIOS.
Left: Transferring
Green (100Mbps)
Orange (1000Mbps)
Right: Linking
(Yellow)
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The onboard I/O devices are PS/2 Keyboard, PS/2 Mouse, RJ-45 LAN Connector, COM1, VGA, Printer, USB, and AC97 sound ports. The
view angle of drawing shown here is from the back panel of the housing.
PS/2 Mouse
Connecto
USB2.0 Ports
SPP/EPP/ECP
Parallel Port
RJ-45 LAN
Connector
LINE-IN
SPEAKER OUT
PS/2 Keyboard: For standard keyboard, which is using a PS/2 plug.
PS/2 Mouse: For PC-Mouse, which is using a PS/2 plug.
USB Port: Available for connecting USB devices.
Parallel Port: To connect with SPP/ECP/EPP printer.
COM1/COM2 Port: To connect with pointing devices, modem or others serial devices.
RJ-45 LAN connector To connect Ethernet for home or office use.
VGA Connector: To connect with PC monitor.
Speaker Out: To External Speaker, Earphone or Amplifier.
Line-In: Comes from the signal sources, such as CD/Tape player.
MIC-In: From Microphone.
PS/2 Keyboard
Connector
COM 1 Port
GA Port
USB2.0 Ports
MIC-IN
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traditional USB 1.0/1.1 with the speed of 12Mbps, USB 2.0 has a fancy speed up to 480Mbps which is 40 times faster than the traditional
one. Except for the speed increase, USB 2.0 supports old USB 1.0/1.1 software and peripherals, offering impressive and even better
compatibility to customers. On this motherboard, all six ports support USB 2.0 function.
This model provides six USB2.0 ports to connect USB devices such as mouse, keyboard, modem,
printer, etc. There are four connectors on the back panel. You can use proper cables to connect USB
devices from the back panel or connect USB header to the front panel of chassis. Compared to
Note: Please note that if you would like to use USB
devices (Example: keyboard, mouse etc.) under DOS
environment, you must install driver comes with the
devices to make it work.
SBD2-
SBD2+
+5V
GND
KEY
1
+5V
SBD3SBD3+
GND
NC
Pin 1
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The “CASE OPEN” header provides chassis intrusion-monitoring function. To make this function works, you have to enable it in the system
BIOS, connect this header to a sensor somewhere on the chassis. So, whenever the sensor is triggered by lights or by the opening of the
chassis, the system will beep to inform you. Please be informed that this useful function only applies to advanced chassis; you may
purchase an extra sensor, attach it on your chassis, and make a good use of this function.
GND
Senso
Pin 1
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This connector is used to connect CD Audio cable from CDROM or DVD drive to onboard sound.
L
CCDD--IINN CCoonnnneeccttoorr
GND
GND
R
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This connector is used to connect MPEG Audio cable from MPEG card to onboard sound.
R
GND
GND
L
AUX-IN
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If the housing has been designed with an audio port on the front panel, you’ll be able to connect onboard audio to front panel
through this connector. By the way, please remove the jumper cap from the Front Audio Connector before you connect the cable.
Do not remove this yellow jumper cap if your housing doesn’t have an audio port on the front panel.
AUD_MIC
AUD_MIC_BIAS
AUD_FPOUT_R
AUD_FPOUT_L
1
NC
Note: Please remove the jumper cap from the front audio connector before
you connect the cable. Do not remove this yellow jumper cap if your housing
doesn
S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is a newest audio transfer file format, which provides impressive audio quality through
optical fiber and allows you to enjoy digital audio instead of analog audio. Through a specific audio cable, you can connect the
S/PDIF connector to other end of the S/PDIF audio module, which bears S/PDIF digital output. Normally there are two S/PDIF
outputs as shown, one for RCA connector, the most common one used for consumer audio products, and the other for optical
connector with better audio quality. Same as outputs, you can also connect RCA or optical audio products to input connectors on
the module and have the voice or music come out from your computer. However, you must have a S/PDIF supported
speaker/amplifier/decoder with S/PDIF digital input/output to connect to the S/PDIF digital input/output to make the most out of this
function.
This motherboard comes with an ALC655 CODEC that supports high quality of 5.1 Channel audio effects, bringing you a brand new
audio experience. On the strength of the innovative design of ALC655, you're able to use standard line-jacks for surround audio
output without connecting any external module. To apply this function, you have to install the audio driver in the Bonus Pack CD as
well as an audio application supporting 5.1 Channel. The picture below represents the standard location of all speakers in 5.1
Channel sound tracks. Please connect the plug of your front speakers to the green “Speaker out” port, rear speakers’ plug to the
blue “Line in” port and both of the center and subwoofer speakers to the red “MIC in” port.
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You can clear CMOS to restore system default setting. To clear CMOS, follow the procedure below.
1. Turn off the system and unplug the AC power.
2. Remove ATX power cable from connector PWR2.
3. Locate JP14 and short pins 2-3 for a few seconds.
4. Return JP14 to its normal setting by shorting pin 1 & pin 2.
5. Connect ATX power cable back to connector PWR2.
This motherboard provides keyboard / mouse wake-up function. You can use JP28 to enable or disable this function, which could
resume your system from suspend mode with keyboard or mouse installed. The factory default setting is set to “Disable”(1-2), and
you may enable this function by setting the jumper to pin2-3.
JP28 KB/Mouse
Wake-up Jumper
1
EEnnaabbllee
Pin1
1
DDiissaabbllee
((DDeeffaauulltt))
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SSTTBBYY LLEEDD
STBY LED is AOpen’s considerate design that we aim at providing you friendly system information. The STBY LED will light up when power
is provided to the motherboard. This is a convenient indication for you to check the system power status in many circumstances such as
power on/off, stand-by mode and RAM power status during
Warning: Do not install or remove the
DIMM module or others devices when the
STBY LED lights on.
Warning: It is strongly recommended not to
install a 3.3V AGP card, which is not
supported. When you do so, the AGP LED on
the motherboard will light up to warn you the
possible damage.
s mmootthheerrbbooaarrdd
rrdd
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AAOOppeenn ““WWaattcchh DDoogg AABBSS””
AOpen provides a special and useful feature on this motherboard for overclockers. When you
power-on the system, the BIOS will check last system
enable “Watch Dog ABS” function immediately, and set the CPU
settings stored in the BIOS. If system failed in BIOS POST, the “Watch Dog Timer” will reset the
system to reboot in five seconds. Then, BIOS will detect the CPU’s default frequency and POST again. With this special feature, you can
easily overclock your system to get a higher system performance without removing the system housing and save the hassle from setting
the jumper to clear CMOS data when system hangs.
This motherboard implements a Flash ROM and a special circuit that provide you no batter power consumption of current CPU and CMOS
Setup configurations. The RTC (real time clock) can also keep running as long as the power cord is plugged. If you lose your CMOS data
by accident, you can just reload the CMOS configurations from Flash ROM and the system will recover as usual.
ATX Stand-by Power
Battery
Flash ROM
(Real Time Clock)
Auto Switch
RTC
00:00:00
CMOS
Auto switch to ATX standby power as long as
AC power line is plugged. This smart design
increases battery life if you still plug battery on
motherboard.
Backup by EEPROM
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The Over Current Protection is a popular implementation on ATX 3.3V/5V/12V switching power supply. However, the new generation CPU
uses different voltage with a regulator to transfer 12V to CPU voltage (for example, 2.0V), and thus makes 5V over current protection
useless. This motherboard is with switching regulator onboard supporting CPU over-current protection; in conjunction with 3.3V/5V/12V
power supply providing the full line over-current protection.
ATX Switching Power Supply
Note: Although we have implemented protection circuit and tried to prevent any human operating
mistake, certain risks might still happen when CPU, memory, HDD or add-on cards installed on this
motherboard is damaged due to component failure, human operating error or other unknown natural
reasons. AOpen cannot guarantee that the protection circuit will always work perfectly.
Onboard Power
Regulator
3.3V (Protected by power supply)
5V (Protected by power supply)
12V (Protected by power supply)
Over-Current
Protection Circuit
CPU Core Voltage
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Traditional motherboard uses fuses to prevent Keyboard and USB port from over-current or shortage. These fuses are soldered onboard so
that when it is broken (function to protect motherboard), user cannot replace them and result in malfunction of motherboard.
With expensive Resetable Fuse, the motherboard can be resumed back to normal function even after the fuse had done its protection job.
Resetable
Fuse
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The quality of low ESR capacitor (Low Equivalent Series Resistance) during high frequency operation is very important for the stability of
CPU power. The idea of where to put these capacitors is another know-how that requires experience and detail calculation.
Not only that, MX46-800N / MX46-800L implements 2200μF capacitors, which are much larger than normal capacitor (1000 & 1500μF)
and provide better stability for CPU power.
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The power circuit of the CPU core voltage must be checked to ensure system stability for high speed CPUs (such as the new Pentium III, or
when overclocking). A typical CPU core voltage is 2.0V, so a good design should control voltage between 1.860V and 2.140V. That is, the
transient must be below 280mV. Below is a timing diagram captured by a Digital Storage Scope, it shows the voltage transient is only
143mv even when maximum 60A current is applied.
Note: This diagram for example only; it may not be exactly the same as the motherboard you purchased.
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System parameters can be modified by going into BIOS Setup menu, this menu allows you to configure the system parameters and save
the configuration into the 128 bytes CMOS area, (normally in the RTC chip or in the main chipset).
The Phoenix AwardBIOS™ that installed in the
provides critical low-level support for standard devices such as hard disk drives, serial and parallel ports.
Most BIOS setting of this model had been optimized by AOpen’s R&D engineering team. But, the default setting of BIOS still can’t fine-tune
the chipset controlling the entire system. Hence, the rest of this chapter is intended to guide you through the process of configuring your
system using setup procedures.
To enter to BIOS setup menu, press <Del> when POST (Power-On Self Test) screen is shown on your monitor.
Flash ROM of the motherboard is a custom version of an industry standard BIOS. The BIOS
Note: Because the BIOS code is the most often
changed part of the motherboard design, the BIOS
information contained in this manual may be different
with actual BIOS that come with your motherboard. To
obtain the latest version of BIOS, please download it
from our website.
AOpen always dedicates to give user a more friendly computer system. Now, we include all function descriptions of BIOS setup program
into the BIOS Flash ROM. When you select one function of BIOS setup program, the function description will appear at the right side of
screen. Therefore, you don’t need to read this manual while you change BIOS settings.
Menu Items Select Window Item Function Description Window
Generally, you can use arrow keys to highlight items that you want to choose, then press <Enter> key to select, and use the <Page Up>
and <Page Down> key to change setting values. You can press <Esc> key to quit Phoenix-Award™ BIOS setup program. The following
table provides details about how to use keyboard in the Phoenix-Award BIOS setup program. Alternatively, it's strongly recommended to
install AOpen’s newest WinBIOS Utility to get more detailed description, further powerful functions and advanced setting of BIOS.
Key Description
Page Up or + Changing setting to next value or increase the value.
Page Down or - Changing setting to previous value or decrease value.
Enter Select the item.
Esc 1. In main menu: Quit and don’t save any change.
2. In sub menu: Exit current menu to main menu.
Up Arrow Highlight previous item.
Down Arrow Highlight next item.
Left Arrow Move the light bar to left side of menu.
Right Arrow Move the light bar to right side of menu.
F6 Load fail-save setting value from CMOS.
F7 Load turbo setting value from CMOS.
F10 Save changed setting and exit setup prog ram.
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After you finish jumper settings and connect correct cables, power on and enter the BIOS Setup. Press <Del> during POST (Power-On Self
Test) and choose "Load Setup Defaults" for recommended optimal performance.
Del
Warning: Pleas e avoid of using "Load Turbo Defaults", unless you
are sure your system components (CPU, DRAM, HDD, etc.) are
good enough for turbo setting.
With outstanding R&D ability of AOpen, we now bring you a whole new BIOS Flash wizard ---EzWinFlash. With an eye to users convenience, EzWinFlash combines the BIOS binary code
and flash module together, so the only thing you have to do is just clicking on the utility you
downloaded from web and let it helps you complete the flash process automatically. EzWinFlash detects your motherboard and
checks the BIOS version cleverly to prevent your system from any possible failure. Moreover, EzWinFlash has been taken into
consideration to go with any windows platform you might be using, no matter if you’re using Windows 95/98, 98SE/ME, NT4.0/2000,
or even the latest Windows XP.
In the meanwhile, in order to provide a much more user-friendly operating environment, AOpen EzWinFlash is natively designed to
have multi-language function to provide easier way for users’ usage in changing BIOS setting.
Caution: By updating your motherboard,
you are taking a risk of BIOS flash
failure. If your motherboard is working
stable, and there are no major bugs that
had been fixed by a latter BIOS revision,
we recommend that you DO NOT try to
upgrade your BIOS.
If you intent on upgrading, PLEASE BE
SURE to get the right BIOS revision for
the right motherboard model to avoid any
ility failure.
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You may accomplish BIOS upgrade procedure with EzWinFlash by the following steps, and it’s STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to
close all the applications before you start the upgrading.
1. Download the new version of BIOS package
2. Unzip the download BIOS package (ex: WMX46800N102.ZIP) with WinZip (
3. Save the unzipped files into a folder, for example, WMX46800N102.EXE & WMX46800N102.BIN.
4. Double click on the WMX46800N102.EXE, EzWinFlash will detect the model name and BIOS version of your motherboard. If
you had got the wrong BIOS, you will not be allowed to proceed with the flash steps.
5. You may select preferred language in the main menu, then click [Start Flash] to start the BIOS upgrade procedure.
6. EzWinFlash will complete all the process automatically, and a dialogue box will pop up to ask you to restart Windows. You may
click [YES] to reboot Windows.
7. Press <Del> at POST to
It is strongly recommended NOT to turn off the power or run any application during FLASH PROCESS.
enter BIOS setup, choose "Load Setup Defaults", then “Save & Exit Setup”. Done!
Warning: The new BIOS upgrade will permanently replace your
original BIOS’s settings when flashing. You may need to
reconfigure your BIOS setting so that your system can go back to
work as normal.
zip file from AOpen official web site. (ex: http://www.aopen.com )
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http://www.winzip.com) in Windows environment.
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Unlike earlier graphic POST screen which could occupy the whole screen and mask text information during POST, AOpen
VividBIOS deals with graphics and texts separately, and makes them running simultaneously during POST. With this innovative
design, VividBios now brings you a beautiful and sleek 256 colors screen without missing any important information shown on
POST screen.
In addition, the limited space of BIOS ROM is another big issue. When all of the traditional BIOS can only show space-consuming
and uncompressed Bitmap, AOpen has considerately tuned the BIOS to next generation, to recognize the smaller-sized GIF format
and even dynamic-showing GIF animation.
Vivid BIOS shares the same fundamental technology with Open JukeBox CD Player, you may use the same EzSkin utility to
change your Vivid BIOS screen or to download your favorite Open JukeBox skin. If you see this little logo
your model name on the BIOS download page,
motherboard supports this innovative feature!
Have you been fed up with the conservative and immutable POST screen? Let’s rule out the
tradition idea that POST screen are stiff and frigid, and let AOpen show you the newly developed
VividBIOS to experience the lively vivid colorful POST screen!
shown beside
http://download.aopen.com.tw/downloads, it is assured that your
As the clock of CPU keeps rocketing higher and higher, it inevitably brings higher heat and
system temperature in a relative way. The way we deal with this heat problem, however, is to
spare no effort to add one fan after another to protect our pampered system, expecting these
fans could cool down our machine as much as they could.
But at the same time, we believe that same users are affected terribly by the irritating noises of these fans while working with their
PC. As a matter of fact, we do not have to get our fans running at such a high speed in most cases; on the contrary, we discovered
that having your fans running at appropriate
time and speed not only reduces the noise,
but also consumes the least power the
system needs, so as to prevent over-wasting
of energy resource.
Today, AOpen Motherboard is honored to
bring you a new overall solution, SilentTek, to
make your system quiet. To collocate with
hardware circuit, BIOS and the utility under
Windows, SilentTek combined
“Hardware-Status Monitoring”, “Overheat
Warning” and “Fan Speed Control” with
user-friendly interfaces to provide you a
perfect balance among noises, system
performance and stability.
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The first image you have here is the Voltage Status
page. You can find current status of all voltages and set
your expected margins of warning level.
You may check your
system voltage from the
indicating bar here.
In “Temp/Fan/Case” page, you may get aware of the
current temperature of CPU and the heat inside chassis.
Also, you can check if fans are running properly.
Of course, you may set your
defaulted lowest margin for
your fans and SilentTek would
also pop up a message box to
alarm you when the fan is
rotatingslower than this
specified speed.
You may set the highest
margin of your CPU and
system temperature as
default, and SilentTek would
pop up a message box to alert
you with alarm when the
temperature goes beyond the
specified margin.
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The following page is surely the most important part of this utility. You may control the rotation speed of specific fans that you have got the
options inside in this page.
CD-ROM Rotation Speed Control: by enabling the CD-ROM
Rotation Speed Control, you can adjust the rotation speed of your
CD-ROM. When you set the speed to high level, the CD-ROM will
work at its fastest speed and it will run at basic required speed
while you set the value to low speed.
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1. Smart FAN Control: This is the default setting of
SilentTek and can be used for any branded computer
housing. With a special algorithm developed by AOpen,
the fan speed is automatically adjusted by the factors of
CPU and ambient temperature. Ease-of-use and trouble
free at your service.
2. Fixed FAN Control: Under this setting, a desired fan
speed is set fixed when operating.
3. Multiple Level Control: This is the most versatile
setting that allows you to set fan speed in relation to
temperature. You may find that this setting fits you best.
4. AOpen Recommend Setting: This setting is designed
specifically for AOpen housing. A series of lab tests were
conducted under the real world scenario to determine
optimum fan speed to reduce noise level within CPU
working condition and temperature. Most of the time, the
fan would remain still when CPU is not fully utilized.
Note: Due to hundreds different brands of fan on the
market, inaccuracy may happen in some cases when you
had your rotation speed adjusted. It is still under the
criterion and please rest assured that it won’t cause any
problem to your system.
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There are motherboard drivers and utilities in AOpen Bonus CD. You don’t need to install all of them to boot your system. But after you
finish the hardware installation, you have to install your operation system first (such as Windows XP) before you install any drivers or
utilities. Please refer to your operation system’s installation guide.
For Windows XP users, please follow the procedures below to install the gigabit LAN driver.
1. Open the Device Manager and check if there is "Ethernet Controller" in "Other devices".
2. Insert the supplied "Bonus CD". Right click "Ethernet Controller ", then select "Update Driver".
3. Select "Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)",
and then click "Next".
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4. Choose "Search for the best driver in these locations", and then select "Include this location in the search:"
Type "
G:\Driver\LAN\RTL8100S-32\WinXP" in the text box that appears. Press "Next".
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5. Driver installed and you can confirm Windows XP Installation
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For Windows 2000 users, please follow the procedures below to install the LAN driver.
1. Open the Device Manager and check if there is a "Ethernet Controller" in "Other devices"
2. Insert the supplied "Bonus CD". Right click "Ethernet Controller ", and then select "Properties".
3. Click "Reinstall Driver" in the General Tab. Select "Search for a suitable driver
for my device (recommended)"
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4. Select "Specify a location", and then click "Next". Type "
Press "OK".
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G:\Driver\LAN\RTL8100S-32\Win2000" in the text box that appears.
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5. Driver installed and you can Confirm Windows 2000 Installation.
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For Windows ME users, please follow the procedures below to install the LAN driver.
1. Open the Device Manager and check if there is a "PCI Ethernet Controller" in "Other devices"
2. Insert the supplied "Bonus CD". Double click "PCI Ethernet Controller ", and click "Reinstall Driver" in the General Tab.”
3. Select "Specify the location of the driver (Advanced)". Choose "Search for a better driver than the one your device is using
now (Recommended)", and then select "Specify a location". Type "
appears. Press "Next".
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G:\Driver\LAN\RTL8100S-32\WinME" in the text box that
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7. Driver installed. Restart computer. You can confirm Windows ME Installation.
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For Windows 98 users, please follow the procedures below to install the LAN driver.
1. Open the Device Manager and check if there is a "PCI Ethernet Controller" in "Other devices"
2. Insert the supplied "Bonus CD". Double click "PCI Ethernet Controller ", and click "Reinstall Driver" in the General Tab.”
3. Select "Search for a better driver than the one your device
is using now. (Recommended)"
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4. Select "Specify a location", and type "G:\Driver\LAN\RTL8100S-32\Win98" in the text box that appears. Press "Next". System
will ask you to provide the file path for loading driver. Please type "
appears and press "OK". System will ask you to insert "Windows 98 CD-ROM".
5. Driver installed. Restart computer. You can confirm Windows 98 Installation.
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G:\Driver\LAN\RTL8100S-32\Win98" in the text box that
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For Windows NT users, please follow the procedures below to install the LAN driver.
1. In the Control Panel, double-click the Network icon. When the Network window opens, select the Adapters tab.
2. Click "Add" to install a new adapter. All previously installed drivers are listed
under Network Adapters.
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3. When the Select Network Adapter window opens, click "Have Disk". When prompted, insert the BONUS CD. Type the path
"G:\Driver\LAN\RTL8100S-32\Winnt4" to the driver, and click "OK".
4. With "Realtek RTL8169/8110 Family Gigabit Ethernet NIC" highlighted in the Select OEM Option window, click "OK".
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5. Restart computer and you can confirm Windows NT Installation
For Windows98SE/ME/2000/XP users, please install the LAN driver from our bonus CD.
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For Windows NT users, please follow the procedures below to install the LAN driver.
To install the SiS PCI Fast Ethernet adapter and driver for use with Windows NT 4.0, please do the following:
1. Double click the Network icon in the Control Panel.
2. Select the "Adapter" tab and click "Add..."
3. Select Have Disk. Insert the "Bonus CD" in your CD-ROM drive and specify the correct path
"[CD-ROM]:\Driver\SiS\LAN\NT40"
4. Select one of the following models: "SiS 900 PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter", and then click OK.
5. In the dialog box that appears, select the Media Type and enter the Network address for the adapter if necessary (You can
click Help for more detailed information about these settings). Click OK to complete this dialog box (or Cancel to terminate
the configuration without completing it).
6. Exit the Network control panel window. Windows NT asks if you wish to reboot. You must reboot before the adapter will
function properly.
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powerful utility also displays the version of BIOS and firmware for your convenience of maintenance.
Moreover, AOConfig allows users to save information in *.BMP or *.TXT format which users may collect the system information in
detail and send them to AOpen directly for technical support or for further diagnose of system problems.
AOpen always dedicated to provide users a much friendly computer environment. We now
bring you a comprehensive system detection utility. AOConfig is a Windows based utility
with user-friendly interface that allows users to obtain information of the operation system
and hardware such as motherboard, CPU, memory, PCI devices and IDE devices. The
1. The system page shows the
detail information of the
motherboard, the operating
system, the processor, and
BIOS version.
2. The PCI device page shows
the configurations of all PCI
devices installed on your
motherboard.
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NOTE: AOConfig can be used in Windows 98SE/ME, NT4.0/2000, or even the latest Windows XP. Please be
informed that AOConfig can only be operated in a system equipped with an AOpen motherboard. Meanwhile, all
applications must be closed before starting AOConfig.
3. This page presents the IDE
devices information, such as
the serial number, the
manufacturer, the firmware
version, and capacity.
4. From this page, users may
obtain the technical support
information of AOpen.
Moreover, detailed information
could be saved in .bmp or .txt
format.
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AACC9977 CCOODDEECC
Basically, AC97 CODEC is the standard structure of PCI sound card. As we know, computer is digital-based, but music is based on
analog-based. Therefore, there must be a process to turn digital into analog during the last stage processing of sound in computer.
Hence, the component on sound card that play this important task is what we called CODEC.
Audio CODEC 97 (briefly called AC97) is the specification regulated by Intel, and it’s about the structure of audio conversion. The
special place about CODEC is that it is separated from sound card (CODEC is an independent chipset). Therefore, PCI sound card
could possess with 90db and do other application process as well. We called CODEC that meets this structure AC97 CODEC.
AACCPPII ((AAddvvaanncceedd CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn && P
ACPI is the power management specification of PC97 (1997). It intends to save more power by taking full control of power
management to operating system and bypass
operating system (such as Windows 98). This is a bit similar as the
switch to control the power state transition.
Building on the PC motherboard riser architecture, ACR slot is backward compatible with AMR but beyond the limitation of it. The
ACR specification is designed to support modem, audio, Local Area Network (LAN) and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL).
P
oowweerr IInntteerrffaaccee)
)
)
BIOS. The chipset or super I/O chip needs to provide standard register interface to
PnP register interface. ACPI defines ATX momentary soft power
The main function of AGP simply put is to tell monitor what screen information had to be shown, a visual transmission device
actually. With the rapid developing of AGP card, we can see that it had been developed from single colorful AGP card to 2D and 3D
graphic. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and single-master single-slave one-to-one only. Though AGP and PCI
share the same algorithm of 32-bit, its frequencies are 66MHz and 33MHz respectively. AGP interface had been developed from
2X to 8x.
1X AGP, data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 1 = 264MB/s
2X AGP, data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 2 = 528MB/s
4X AGP, data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 4 = 1056MB/s.
8X AGP, data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 8 = 2112MB/s.
AAMMRR ((AAuuddiioo//MMooddeemm RRiisseerr)
The CODEC circuit of AC97 sound/modem solution can be put on motherboard or put on a riser card (AMR card) that connects to
motherboard through AMR connector.
)
AATTAA ((AATT AAttttaacchhmmeenntt)
Before talking about ATA (AT Attachment), we must understand DMA (Direct Memory Access), which allows devices to skip the
CPU devices and access memory directly. DMA specification could not only eliminate the workload of CPU, but also accelerate the
transmission of data. DMA begins with a data transfer rate of 16.6MB/Sec, but afterward developed to new data rate of 33.3MB/Sec,
which is twice the data rate and we called it Ultra DMA. ATA details power and data signals between the drive and integrated
)
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drive controller and the computer's motherboard. Two drives (master and slave) are supported. The ATA specification allows the
drive to connect directly to the ISA bus on the computer. ATA transfer rate then had been developed to 133MB/Sec and would come
out with fastest rate later (please refer to
DMA, data transfer rate is 16.6MB/s.
Ultra DMA, data transfer rate is 16.6MHz x 2 = 33MB/s.
ATA/66, data transfer rate is 16.6MHz x 4 = 66MB/s.
ATA/100, data transfer rate is 16.6MHz x 6 = 100MB/s.
ATA/133, data transfer rate is 16.6MHz x 8 = 133MB/s.
(ATA/133 uses both rising edge and falling edge as ATA/66 but clock cycle time is reduced to 30ns.)
BIOS, is a set of assembly routine/program that reside in EPROM or Flash ROM. BIOS controls Input/output devices and other
hardware devices of motherboard. In general, to provide hardware independent portability, operation system and drivers is required
to access BIOS without directly access hardware devices.
h
BBlluueettooootth
Bluetooth is a wireless transferring technology that enables short-range wireless connections between desktop and laptop
computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), cellular phones, printers, scanners, digital cameras and even home appliances. The
principle of Bluetooth (a chipset) is to transfer information and voices at the frequency of ISM Band. Every Bluetooth technology
devices do come with a standard address for you to connect one-to-one or one-to-seven (to form a Pico-net), with transferring
range up to 10 meters (100 meters to follow), using low power radio. Bluetooth do not only possess high transfer rate of 1MB/s, it
Serial ATA).
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also could be encrypted with pin code. With hopping rate of 1600 hops per second, it’s difficult to be intercepted and are less
interrupted by electromagnetic wave.
The CNR specification provides the PC industry the opportunity to deliver a flexible and cost reduced method of implementing LAN,
home networking, DSL, USB, wireless, audio and modem subsystems widely used in today's "connected PCs". The CNR
specification is an open industry specification and is supported by OEMs, IHV card manufacturers, silicon supplier and Microsoft.
M
DDDDRR ((DDoouubbllee DDaattaa RRaattee)) RRAAM
DDR RAM utilizes the existing SDRAM (For ex, PC-100, PC-133) infrastructure and technology while doubling the nominal
bandwidth available to systems in an easy to design and simple to adopt way. Based on FSB frequency, DDR RAM on the market
are DDR200, DDR266 and DDR333 with more coming around soon.
DDR200, transfer bandwidth up to 200x64/8=1600MB/s (PC1600)
DDR266, transfer bandwidth up to 266x64/8=2100MB/s (PC2100)
DDR333, transfer bandwidth up to 333x64/8=2700MB/s (PC2700)
DDR400, transfer bandwidth up to 400x64/8=3200MB/s (PC3200)
The ECC mode needs 8 ECC bits for 64-bit data. Each time memory is accessed; ECC bits are updated and checked by a special
algorithm. The ECC algorithm has the ability to detect double-bit error and automatically correct single-bit error while parity mode
Also known as E2PROM. Both EEPROM and Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals, but the interface technology
is different. Size of EEPROM is much smaller than flash ROM.
Traditional motherboard stores BIOS code in EPROM. EPROM can only be erased by ultra-violet (UV) light. If BIOS has to be
upgraded, you need to remove EPROM from motherboard, clear by UV light, re-program, and then insert back.
s
EEVV66 BBuus
EV6 Bus is the technology of Alpha processor from Digital Equipment Corporation. EV6 bus uses both rising and falling clock edge
to transfer data, similar as DDR RAM or ATA/66 IDE bus.
EV6 Bus Speed = CPU external bus clock x 2.
200 MHz EV6 bus, 200MHz = 100 MHz external bus clock x 2
The DoC is component certification standard of FCC EMI regulations. This standard allows DIY component (such as motherboard)
to apply DoC label separately without a shielding of housing.
After FC-PGA, FC-PGA2 is the package for 0.13µm process CPU developed by Intel, which can be plugged into SKT423/478
socket as well.
M
FFllaasshh RROOM
Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals. It is easier for BIOS to upgrade by a flash utility, but it is also easier to be
infected by virus. Because of increase of new functions, BIOS size is increased from 64KB to 512KB (4M bit).
HHyyppeerr TThhrreeaaddiinng
Hyper-Threading technology is an innovative design from Intel that enables multi-threaded software applications to process threads
in parallel within each processor resulting in increased utilization of processor execution resources. As a result, an average
improvement of ~40% in CPU resource utilization yields higher processing throughput.
IIEEEEEE 1133994
IEEE 1394, which also called Firewire, is a serial data transfer protocol and interconnection system. The main feature of the
Firewire that assures its adoption for the digital video and audio (A/V) consumer application is its low cost. Fire wire interface is
g
4
)
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capable of supporting various high-end digital A/V applications, such as consumer A/V device control and signal routing, Digital
Video (DV) editing, home networking, and more than 32 channels of digital mixing. Gone are those days of expensive video
capture cards. Firewire allows for video capture from both newer DV camcorders with Firewire ports and older analog equipment
using A/V to Firewire converters.
The advantages of the IEEE1394:
High data transfer rate – Start from 400 Mbps, (with 800/1600/3200 Mbps coming soon), which is about 30 times faster than USB
1.1.
Supports up to 63 devices (16 - daisy chained) with cable length up to about 4.5 m (14 feet).
Hot-pluggable (like USB). No need to turn of your device to connect or disconnect, and you don't need to reboot your PC. Also, it is
a plug-and-play bus.
IEEE1394 is very easy to connect (Like USB1.1/2/0).
t
PPaarriittyy BBiit
The parity mode uses 1 parity bit for each byte, normally it is even parity mode, that is, each time the memory data is updated,
parity bit will be adjusted to have even count "1" for each byte. When next time, if memory is read with odd number of "1", the parity
error is occurred and this is called single bit error detection.
Developed by Intel, Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) is a local bus standard. A bus is a channel used to transfer data to
(input) and from (output) a computer and to or from a peripheral device. Most PCs have a PCI bus usually implemented at 32-bits
providing a 33 MHz clock speed with a throughput rate of 133 MBps.
s
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t
PPDDFF FFoorrmmaat
With PDF file, it is easy to do universal document exchange. Virtually any document may be converted in Portable Document
Format (PDF). Contents in PDF documents are exactly the same as the original file, including fonts and graphics, and they can be
distributed by e-mail or stored on the World Wide Web, an intranet, a file system, or a CD-ROM for other users to view on any
platforms. You may download Acrobat Reader in order to read PDF file from its website (
PPnnPP ((PPlluugg aanndd PPllaayy)
Oversimplified, Plug-and-Play automatically tells the software (device drivers) where to find various pieces of hardware (devices)
such as modems, network cards, sound cards, etc. Plug-and-Play's task is to match up physical devices with the software (device
drivers) that operates them and to establish channels of communication between each physical device and its driver.
PPOOSSTT ((PPoowweerr--OOnn SSeellff TTeesstt)
The BIOS self-test procedure after power-on, sometimes, it is the first or the second screen shown on your monitor during system
boot.
A DRAM technology developed by Rambus Corporation*, to achieve high speed of memory through the use of multiple channels in
parallel by 16-bits. Basically, RDRAM uses new structure of Multibank, which is quite different from FPM, EDO, SDRAM. Using
different memory module as well, RDRAM uses “RIMM” with transfer rate of 600/700/800MHz, providing bandwidth as high to
184-pin memory module that supports RDRAM memory technology. A RIMM memory module may contain up to maximum of 16
RDRAM devices.
SSDDRRAAMM ((SSyynncchhrroonnoouuss DDRRAAMM))
SDRAM is one of the DRAM technologies that allow DRAM to use the same clock as the CPU host bus (EDO and FPM are
asynchronous and do not have clock signal). It is similar as PBSRAM to use burst mode transfer. SDRAM comes in 64-bit 168-pin
DIMM and operates at 3.3V, and have been gradually replaced by DDR RAM.
)
SSAATTAA ((SSeerriiaall AATTAA)
The Serial ATA specification is designed to overcome speed limitations while enabling the storage interface to scale with the
growing media rate demands of PC platforms. Serial ATA is to replace parallel
systems and drivers, adding performance headroom for years to come. It is developed with data transfer rate of 150 Mbytes/second,
and 300MB/s, 600MB/s to come. It reduces voltage and pins count requirements and can be implemented with thin and easy to
route cables.
)
OOnnlliinnee
)
ATA with the compatibility with existing operating
SMBus is also called I2C bus. It is a two-wire bus developed for component communication (especially for semiconductor IC). For
example, set clock of clock generator for jumper-less motherboard. The data transfer rate of SMBus is only 100Kbit/s, it allows one
host to communicate with CPU and many masters and slaves to send/receive message.
SPD is a small ROM or EEPROM device resided on the DIMM or RIMM . SPD stores memory module information such as DRAM
timing and chip parameters. SPD can be used by
A Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an external bus (an interconnection) standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps. A single
USB port can be used to connect up to 127 peripheral devices, such as mouse, modems and keyboards. Introduced in 1996, USB
has completed replaced serial and parallel ports. It also supports plug-and-play installations and hot plugging Plug-and-play is the
ability to add and remove devices to a computer while the computer is running and have the operating system automatically
recognize the change. USB 2.0, which supports data transfer rates of 480 Mbps, has been widely used in motherboard these days.
NEC’s Virtual Channel Memory (VCM) is a new DRAM core architecture that dramatically improves the memory system’s ability to
service multimedia requirements. VCM increases memory bus efficiency and performance of any DRAM technology by providing a
set of fast static registers between the memory core and I/O pins. Using VCM technology results in reduced data access latency
)
)
)
BIOS to decide best timing for this DIMM or RIMM.
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and reduced power consumption.
b
WWiirreelleessss LLAANN –– 880022..1111b
802.11 is a specification developed by IEEE and Wireless LAN technology, which is an interface between a wireless client and a
base station or between two wireless clients.
802.11 family includes the following specifications and with more coming:
802.11 = 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band, using either frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct
sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)).
802.11a = 54 Mbps in the 5GHz band, using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)
802.11b (11 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band, using direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
e
ZZIIPP ffiille
A compressed file format to reduce file size. To unzip file, run shareware PKUNZIP (http://www.pkware.com/) for DOS and other
operating system or WINZIP (
http://www.winzip.com/) for windows environment.
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OOnnlliinnee
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TTrroouubblleesshhoooottiinngg
If you encounter any trouble to boot you system, follow the procedures accordingly to resolve the problem.
Turn off the power and unplug the AC power cable, then remove all of the add-on
cards and cables, including VGA, IDE, FDD, COM1, COM2 and printer.
Make sure if all jumper settings are correct.
Start
Clear CMOS
Next
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Yes No
Install the VGA card. Then connect your monitor and keyboard.
Next
OOnnlliinnee
Continue
Turn on the power
and check if the power
supply and CPU fan work
properly.
The problem is probably caused by
power supply or
Please contact your reseller or local
distributor for repairing.
motherboard failure.
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Press <Ctrl> and <Alt> key at the same time, hold them
and then press <Del> to reboot the system.
Check if there is display?
Continue
Yes
Check if the system
reboots?
Yes
Next
OOnnlliinnee
No
No
MMaannuuaall
Perhaps your VGA card
or monitor is defective.
It is very possible that your
keyboard is defective.
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