AOpen 10/100Mbps
Rack-Mountable Switch
AOW-216(16-port)
AOW-224(24-port)
User’ s Guide
OpenLink™ To AOpen
AOpen OpenRack Series
The OpenRack Series by AOpen are easy-to-install, costeffective, and high performance 16/24-port 10/100Mbps RackMountable Hubs/Switches, which are designed for workgroup,
department, or backbone computing environments at small to
medium size business.
• AOH-216
AOpen 16-port 10/100Mbps Rack-Mountable Stackable
Fast Ethernet Hub
• AOH-224
AOpen 24-port 10/100Mbps Rack-Mountable Stackable
Fast Ethernet Hub
• AOW-216
AOpen 16-port 10/100Mbps Rack-Mountable Fast Ethernet
Switch
• AOW-224
AOpen 24-port 10/100Mbps Rack-Mountable Fast Ethernet
Switch
FCC Warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
regulations for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of
the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this
user’ s guide, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential
area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the
user will be required to correct the interference at his own
expense.
CE Mark Warning
This is a Class B product. In a domestic environment, this
product may cause radio interference, in which case the user
may be required to take adequate measures.
P/N:6012-1001600
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PACKING CONTENTS...........................................................III
ABOUT THIS GUIDE ..............................................................1
OVERVIEW .............................................................................1
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................2
FAST ETHERNET TECHNOLOGY.................................................2
SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY........................................................2
FEATURES..............................................................................3
HARDWARE INSTALLATION.................................................4
RACK MOUNTING ....................................................................5
100BASE-FX MODULE INSTALLATION........................................ 7
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION ..................................................9
FRONT PANEL......................................................................... 9
REAR PANEL ........................................................................10
LED INDICATORS..................................................................11
CONNECTING THE SWITCH................................................13
PC TO SWITCH..................................................................... 13
HUB TO SWITCH....................................................................13
A. 10BASE-T Hub............................................................14
B. 100BASE-TX Hub........................................................14
HUB WITHOUT UPLINK (MDI-II) PORT ......................................14
A. Using straight cable .....................................................15
B. Using crossover cable..................................................15
SWITCH TO SWITCH (OTHER DEVICES)..................................... 15
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A. Using straight cable .....................................................15
B. Using crossover cable..................................................15
PORT SPEED & DUPLEX MODE...............................................16
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ..............................................19
APPENDIX A: RJ-45 PIN SPECIFICATION ..........................21
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PACKING CONTENTS
Open the shipping cartons and carefully unpacks its contents.
The carton should contain the following items:
• One 19” AOpen 16/24-port 10/100M Rack-Mountable
Switch
• One AC power cord
• Four rubber feet to be used for shock cushioning
• Screws and two mounting brackets
• User’ s Guide
If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your
local reseller for replacement.
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ABOUT THIS GUIDE
This manual provides all the information you need of how to
install and operate AOpen Rack-Mountable 10/100M Fast
Ethernet Switch (AOW-216/AOW-224)
Overview
Chapter 1, Introduction. Describes the Switch and its features.
Chapter 2, Hardware Description Explicates the front panel,
rear panel and LED indicators of the Switch.
Chapter 3, Connecting the Switch. Explains how you can
connect the Switch to your Ethernet network.
Chapter 4, Technical Specifications. Lists the technical (general,
physical and environmental, and performance) specifications of
the Switch.
Appendix B, RJ-45 Pin Specification. Depicts the RJ-45
receptacle/connector and the straight and crossover cable
connector.
1
INTRODUCTION
This chapter describes the features of the AOpen RackMountable switch and some background information about
switching technology.
Fast Ethernet Technology
A number of high-speed LAN technologies have been proposed
to provide greater bandwidth and improve client/server
response times. Among them, 100BASE-T (Fast Ethernet)
provides a non-disruptive, smooth evolution from the current
10BASE-T technology. 100Mbps Fast Ethernet is a new
standard specified by the IEEE 802.3 LAN committee. It is an
extension of the 10Mbps Ethernet standard with the ability to
transmit and receive data at 100Mbps, while maintaining the
CSMA/CD Ethernet protocol. Since the 100Mbps Fast Ethernet
is compatible with all other 10Mbps Ethernet environments, it
provides a straightforward upgrade and takes advantage of the
existing investment in hardware, software, and personnel
training.
Switching Technology
Switching is a cost-effective way of increasing the total network
capacity available to users on a local area network. A switch
increases capacity and decreases network loading by dividing a
local area network into different segments, which don’ t compete
with each other for network transmission capacity.
The switch acts as a high-speed selective bridge between the
individual segments. Without interfering with any other
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segments, it automatically forwards traffic that needs to go from
one segment to another. By doing this the total network
capacity is multiplied, while still maintaining the same network
cabling and adapter cards.
For Fast Ethernet networks, a switch is an effective way of
eliminating problems of chaining hubs beyond the “two-repeater
limit.” A switch can be used to split parts of the network into
different collision domains, making it possible to expand your
Fast Ethernet network beyond the 205-meter network diameter
limit for 100BASE-TX networks. Switches are also ideal for
bridging between the existing 10Mbps networks and the new
100Mbps networks.
Today switches are an ideal solution to most kinds of local area
network congestion problems.
Features
• Designed for easy installation and high performance in an
environment where traffic on the network and the number of
user increase continuously.
• With its rack size (19-inch), it is specifically designed for
middle to large workgroups.
• Unlimited Expandability. As all ports support 200Mbps(Full
Duplex), the switch can be cascaded from any port and to
any number of switches.
• Combines dynamic memory allocation with store-andforward switching to ensure that the buffer is effectively
allocated for each port, while controlling the data flow
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between the transmit and receive nodes to guarantee
against all possible packet loss.
• NWay Auto-negotiation for any port.
• Flow control for any port. This minimizes dropped packets
by sending out collision signals when the receiving buffer is
full. Note that flow control is only available in half-duplex
mode.
• Data forwarding rate per port is at wire-speed for 100Mbps
speed.
• Data forwarding rate per port is at wire-speed for 10Mbps
speed.
• Up to 16K active MAC address entry table with selflearning and table-aging for 16-port model(AOW-216), up
to 24K active MAC address entry table with self-learning
and table-aging for 24-port model(AOW-224).
• 1 MB RAM buffer per device for 16-port model(AOW-216),
and 1.5MB RAM buffer per device for 24-port model(AOW-
224)
HARDWARE INSTALLATION
The site where you install the hub stack may greatly affect its
performance. Before installing your switch, consider the
following suggestions:
• Install the stack in a fairly cool and dry place. See the
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product specification for the acceptable temperature and
humidity operating ranges.
• Install the stack in a site free from strong electromagnetic
field generators (such as motors), vibration, dust, and direct
exposure to sunlight.
• Leave at least 10cm of space at the front and rear of the
switch for ventilation.
• Install the switch on a sturdy, level surface that can support
its weight, or in an EIA standard-size equipment rack. For
information on rack installation, see the next section, Rack-
Mounting.
• When installing the hub stack on a level surface, attach the
rubber feet to the bottom of each device. The rubber feet
cushion the hub and protect the hub case from scratching.
Rack Mounting
The switch can be mounted in an EIA standard-size, 19-inch
rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other
equipment. Attach the mounting brackets at the switch’ s front
panel (one on each side), and secure them with the provided
screws.
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Then, use screws provided with the equipment rack to mount
each switch in the rack.
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100Base-FX Module Installation
To install any of the modules: (Includes SC or ST type
connectors)
1. Locate the module slot in the switch’ s rear panel.
2. Using a screwdriver, undo the two screws and remove the
dust cover on the module slot.
3. Holding the module component-side up and connector-side
in, gently slide the module along the guides and seat it in
the internal connector.
4. Using a screwdriver, replace the two screws and tighten
until snug.
We recommend that you retain the dust cover in case you need
to remove the module for an extended period sometime in the
future.
For AOW-216 (16-port switch), port 9 and the 100BASE-FX port
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is really the same port. Do not use both Port 9 and the
100BASE-FX port at the same time.
For AOW-224 (24-port switch), port 5 and the 100BASE-FX port
is really the same port. Do not use both Port 5 and the
100BASE-FX port at the same time.
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HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
This section identifies all the major external components of the
switch. Both the front and rear panels are shown, followed by a
description of each panel feature. The indicator panel is
described in detail in the next chapter.
Front Panel
The figure below shows the front panels of the switches.
16-port 10/100M Fast Ethernet Switch (AOW-216)
24-port 10/100M Fast Ethernet Switch (AOW-224)
LED Indicator Panel
Refer to the next chapter for detailed information about each
of the switch’ s LED indicators.
Twisted-Pair Ports
Use any of these ports to connect stations or hubs to the
switch. These ports are MDI-X ports, which means you
can use ordinary straight-through twisted-pair cable to
connect the switch to PCs, workstations, or servers through
these ports. If you need to connect to another device with
MDI-X ports such as another switch or hub, you should use
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a crossover cable, or connect using the Uplink port
(described below).
Uplink Ports
The Uplink port is a MDI port. It means you can connect the
switch to another device through Uplink ports by instead of
using an ordinary straight-through cable than a crossover
cable.
In 16-port model, port 16 and the Uplink is really the same
port, except that their pins cross differently. Do not use
both Port 16 and the Uplink port at the same time.
In 24-port model, port 12 and the Uplink is really the same
port, except that their pins cross differently. Do not use
both Port 12 and the Uplink port at the same time.
Rear Panel
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16/24-port 10/100M NWay Fast Ethernet Switch
Module Slots:
Used to install module options for 100BASE-FX connection.
AC Power Connector:
For the power cord.
LED Indicators
Power Indicator (PWR)
This indicator lights green when the hub is receiving power,
otherwise, it is off.
Full/Half Duplex,10/100M Collision
(10/100M FDX(green),10/100M COL(amber))
This LED indicator light green when a respective port is in
full duplex (FDX) mode. Otherwise, it is OFF for half
duplex (HDX) operations. It blinking amber when collisions
are occurring on the respective port.
100M Link/Activity,10M Link/Activity
(100M LINK/ACT(green), 10LINK/ACT(amber))
This indicator light green when the port is connected to a
100Mbps Fast Ethernet station, if the indicator blinking
green will be transmitting or received data on the 100Mbps
network. Otherwise, if the indicator light amber when the
port is connected to a 10Mbps Ethernet station, if the
indicator blinking amber will be transmitting or received
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data on the 10Mbps network.
100BASE-FX Module Indicator(green)
The FX Link/Rx, indicate a good link to a module installed.
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CONNECTING THE SWITCH
This chapter describes how to connect the switch to your Fast
Ethernet network.
PC to Switch
A PC can be connected to the Switch via a two-pair Category 3,
4, 5 UTP/STP straight cable. The PC (equipped with a RJ-45
10/100Mbps phone jack) should be connected to any of the 16
ports (1x - 16x) for the 16-port model, 24 ports (1x - 24x) for the
24-port model or 8 ports (1x - 32x) for the 32-port model.
The LED indicators for PC connection dependent on the LAN
card capabilities. If LED indicators are not light after making a
proper connection, check the PC LAN card, the cable, the
Switch conditions and connections.
The following are LED indicator possibilities for a PC to Switch
connection:
1. The “100M LINK/ACT, 10M LINK/ACT” LED indicator
light green for hookup to 100Mbps speed or light amber
for hookup to 10Mbps speed.
2. The “10/100M FDX, 10/100M COL LED” indicator
depends upon LAN card capabilities for full-duplex or
half-duplex.
Hub to Switch
A hub (10 or 100BASE-TX) can be connected to the Switch via
a two-pair Category 3, 4, 5 UTP/STP straight cable. The
13
connection is accomplished from the hub uplink (MDI-II) port to
any of the Switch (MDI-X) ports.
A. 10BASE-T Hub
For a 10BASE-T hub, the Switch LED indicators should light up
as the following:
“10/100M FDX, 10/100M COL” LED indicator is OFF.
“100M LINK/ACT, 10LINK/ACT” LED indicator is light
amber.
B. 100BASE-TX Hub
For a 100BASE-TX hub, the Switch LED indicators should light
up as the following:
“10/100M FDX, 10/100M COL” LED indicator is OFF.
“100M LINK/ACT,10M LINK/ACT” LED indicator is light
green.
Hub without Uplink (MDI-II) port
If a hub is not equipped with an uplink (MDI-II) port, connection
can be made using either straight cable or crossover cable.
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A. Using straight cable
When using straight cable, the connection can be made from
the uplink (MDI-II) port of the Switch to any port of the Hub.
B. Using crossover cable
When using crossover cable, the connection can be made from
any ports of the Switch to any port of the Hub.
Switch to Switch (other devices)
The Switch can be connected to another switch or other devices
(routers, bridges, etc.) via a two-pair Category 3, 4, 5 UTP/STP
straight or crossover cable.
A. Using straight cable
When using straight cable, this is done from the uplink (MDI-II)
port of the Switch (Switch A) to any of the 10Mbps or 100Mbps
(MDI-X) port of the other switch (switch B) or other devices.
B. Using crossover cable
When using crossover cable, this is done from any (MDI-X) port
of the Switch (Switch A) to any of the 10Mbps, 100Mbps (MDIX) port of the other switch (switch B) or other devices.
1. The “100M LINK/ACT, 10M LINK/ACT” LED indicator
light green for hookup to 100Mbps speed or light amber
for hookup to 10Mbps speed.
2. The “10/100M FDX, 10/100M COL” LED indicator depends
upon LAN card capabilities for full-duplex or half-duplex
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Port Speed & Duplex Mode
After plugging the selected cable to a specific port, the system
uses auto-negotiation to determine the transmission mode for
any new twisted-pair connection:
If the attached device does not support auto-negotiation or
has auto-negotiation disabled, an auto sensing process will
be initiated to select the speed and set the duplex mode to halfduplex.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
General
Standards IEEE 802.3 10Base-T Ethernet
IEEE 802.3u 100 Base-TX Fast Ethernet
ANSI/IEEE 802.3 NWay auto-negotiation
Protocol CSMA/CD
Data
Transfer
Rate
Topology Star
Network
Cables
Number of
Ports
Uplink Port 16-port: 1 x MDI-II RJ-45 shared with port-16
Ethernet: 10Mbps (half duplex)
20Mbps (full duplex)
Fast Ethernet: 100Mbps (half duplex)
200Mbps (full duplex)
10BASET: 2-pair UTP Cat. 3,4,5 (100 m),
EIA/TIA- 568 100-ohm STP (100 m)
100BASE-TX: 2-pair UTP Cat. 5 (100 m),
EIA/TIA-568 100-ohm STP (100 m)
100BASE-FX: 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber optic (2km)
16-port: 16 x 10/100Mbps NWay ports
24-port: 24 x 10/100Mbps NWay ports
24-port: 1 x MDI-II RJ-45 shared with port-12
19
Physical and Environmental
AC inputs 100 to 240 VAC, 50 or 60 Hz internal universal power
Power
Consumption
Temperature
Humidity Operating: 10% ~ 90%, Storage: 5% ~ 90%
Dimensions 440 x 200 x 44 mm (W x H x D)
EMI: FCC Class B, CE Mark , VCCI Class B
supply
40 watts. (max.)
Operating: 0° ~ 50° C, Storage: -10° ~ 70° C
Performance
Transmission
Method:
RAM Buffer:
Filtering
Address
Table:
Packet
Filtering/Forwa
rding Rate:
MAC Address
Learning:
Store-and-forward
16-port: 1Mbytes per device
24-port: 1.5Mbytes per device
16-port: Up to 16K entries per device
24-port: Up to 24K entries per device
10Mbps Ethernet: 14,880/pps
100Mbps Fast Ethernet: 148,800/pps
Automatic update
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APPENDIX A: RJ-45 PIN SPECIFICATION
When connecting your 16/24-port 10/100M NWay Fast Ethernet
Switch to another switch, a bridge or a hub, a modified
crossover cable is necessary. Please review these products for
matching cable pin assignment.
The following diagram and tables show the standard RJ-45
receptacle/connector and their pin assignments for the switchto-network adapter card connection, and the straight / crossover
cable for the Switch-to-switch / hub / bridge connection.
RJ-45 Connector pin assignment
Contact Media Direct Interface Signal
1 TX + (transmit)
2 TX - (transmit)
3 Rx + (receive)
4 Not used
5 Not used
6 Rx - (receive)
7 Not used
8 Not used
The standard cable, RJ-45 pin assignment
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The standard RJ-45 receptacle/connector
The following shows straight cable and crossover cable
connection:
Straight cable for Switch (uplink MDI-II port) to switch/Hub
or other devices connection
Crossover cable for Switch (MDI-X port) to switch/hub or
other network devices (MDI-X port) connection
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