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a
Overview
AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133
DOC. NO.: AK77PA133-OL-E0112A
1
Installation
Hardware
Drivers &
Utilities
BIOS Setup
AWARD
Glossary
Troubleshooting &
Technical Support
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
WWhhaatt’’ss iinn tthhiiss mmaannuuaall
AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133....................................................................................................1
What’s in this manual ......................................................................................................................................................2
You Must Notice ..............................................................................................................................................................9
Before You Start............................................................................................................................................................10
Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................11
Feature Highlight...........................................................................................................................................................12
Quick Installation Procedure..........................................................................................................................................17
Motherboard Map ..........................................................................................................................................................18
Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................................19
Hard war e Ins tal lat ion..................................................................................................................20
Clear CMOS Data ..........................................................................................................................................................21
CPU Installation ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
JP21 FSB/PCI Clock Ratio ............................................................................................................................................ 24
CPU Jumper-less Design............................................................................................................................................... 25
CPU and Housing Fan Connector (with H/W Monito ring) ...............................................................................................3 0
DIMM.............................................................................................................................................................................31
System and RAM Power Indicate LED ...........................................................................................................................33
Front Panel Connector ..................................................................................................................................................34
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ATX Power Connector ...................................................................................................................................................35
AC Power Auto Recovery ..............................................................................................................................................3 6
JP28 Keyboard Wake-up...............................................................................................................................................36
IDE, Floppy and IDE RAID (AK77 Plus(A)-133 Only) Connector ...................................................................................37
IDE RAID Controller (AK77 Plus(A)-133 Only)............................................................................................................... 39
IrDA Connector ..............................................................................................................................................................40
WOM (Zero Voltage Wake on Modem) Connector.........................................................................................................41
WOL (Wake on LAN).....................................................................................................................................................4 4
AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port) Expansion Slot ...........................................................................................................46
CNR (Communication and Network Riser) Expansi on Slot ............................................................................................47
PC99 Color Coded Back Panel......................................................................................................................................48
Support 2
Chassis Intrusion Sensor...............................................................................................................................................50
CD Audio Connector......................................................................................................................................................51
Modem Audio Connector ............................................................................................................................................... 5 2
AUX-IN Connector.........................................................................................................................................................53
Front Audio Connector...................................................................................................................................................54
Die-Hard BIOS (100% Virus Protection, Upgrad e Optional) ...........................................................................................55
Dr. LED Connector (Upgrade Optional).........................................................................................................................58
nd
USB Port.....................................................................................................................................................49
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Battery-less and Long Life Design.................................................................................................................................60
Over-current Protection .................................................................................................................................................61
Hardware Monitoring .....................................................................................................................................................62
Resettable Fuse ............................................................................................................................................................63
2200μF
Layout (Frequency Isolation Wall) .................................................................................................................................65
Fansink on North Bridge................................................................................................................................................66
Low ESR Capacitor......................................................................................................................................... 64
Driver and Utility..........................................................................................................................67
Auto-run Menu from Bonus CD Disc..............................................................................................................................68
Installing Windows 95....................................................................................................................................................69
Installing Windows 98....................................................................................................................................................70
Installing Windows® 98 SE, Windows® ME & Wi n dow s
Installing VIA 4 in 1 Driver............................................................................................................................................. 7 2
Installing Onboard Sound Driver....................................................................................................................................73
Install Onboard IDE RAID Driver (AK77 Plus(A)-133 Only) ...........................................................................................74
Install FastCheck™ Monitoring Utility (AK 77 Plus(A)-1 33 Only) .................................................................................... 7 4
Installing Hardware Monitoring Uti lity ............................................................................................................................75
ACPI Suspend to Hard Drive......................................................................................................................................... 76
ACPI Suspend to RAM (STR)........................................................................................................................................81
®
2000......................................................................................... 71
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AWARD BIOS ................................................................................................................................ 8 3
How To Use Award™ BIOS Setup Program...................................................................................................................8 4
How To Enter BIOS Setup ............................................................................................................................................. 86
BIOS Upgrade ...............................................................................................................................................................87
Overclocking ................................................................................................................................ 8 9
VGA Card & Hard Disk ..................................................................................................................................................90
Glossary .......................................................................................................................................91
AC97 .............................................................................................................................................................................91
ACPI (Advanced Configuratio n & Power Interfac e) ........................................................................................................91
AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port)....................................................................................................................................91
AMR (Audio/Modem Riser)............................................................................................................................................92
AOpen Bonus Pack CD .................................................................................................................................................92
APM (Advanced Power Management)........................................................................................................................... 92
ATA (AT Attachment)......................................................................................................................................................92
ATA/66...........................................................................................................................................................................92
ATA/100......................................................................................................................................................................... 93
BIOS (Basic Input/Output Sys tem) ................................................................................................................................93
Bus Master IDE (DMA mode).........................................................................................................................................93
CNR (Communication and Networki ng Riser)................................................................................................................9 3
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CODEC (Coding and Decoding) ....................................................................................................................................94
DDR (Double Data Rate) SDRAM..................................................................................................................................94
DIMM (Dual In Line Memory Module) ............................................................................................................................94
DMA (Direct Memory Access) ........................................................................................................................................ 94
ECC (Error Checking and Correction)............................................................................................................................95
EDO (Extended Data Output) Memory...........................................................................................................................95
EEPROM (Electronic Erasable Programmab le ROM)....................................................................................................95
EPROM (Erasable Programmabl e ROM).......................................................................................................................95
EV6 Bus ........................................................................................................................................................................ 96
FCC DoC (Declaration of Conformity)............................................................................................................................ 96
FC-PGA (Flip Chip-Pin Grid Array) ................................................................................................................................96
Flash ROM ....................................................................................................................................................................96
FSB (Front Side Bus) Clock ...........................................................................................................................................9 7
2
I
C Bus ..........................................................................................................................................................................97
IEEE 1394 .....................................................................................................................................................................97
Parity Bit........................................................................................................................................................................98
PBSRAM (Pipelined Burst S RAM) .................................................................................................................................98
PC-100 DIMM ................................................................................................................................................................ 98
PC-133 DIMM ................................................................................................................................................................ 98
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PC-1600 or PC-2100 DDR SDRAM...............................................................................................................................99
PCI (Peripheral Component Interface) Bus....................................................................................................................9 9
PDF Format...................................................................................................................................................................99
PnP (Plug and Play) ......................................................................................................................................................99
POST (Power-On Self Test) ......................................................................................................................................... 10 0
RDRAM (Rambus DRAM)............................................................................................................................................100
RIMM (Rambus Inline Memory Module)....................................................................................................................... 1 00
SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) .................................................................................................................................... 10 0
Shadow E
SIMM (Single In Li ne M emory Mod ule)........................................................................................................................101
SMBus (System Management Bus) .............................................................................................................................101
SPD (Serial Presence Detect ) .....................................................................................................................................101
Ultra DMA .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 02
USB (Universal Serial B us) ..........................................................................................................................................102
VCM (Virtual Channel Memory)................................................................................................................................... 10 3
ZIP file.........................................................................................................................................................................103
2
PROM ........................................................................................................................................................101
Troubleshooting......................................................................................................................... 1 0 4
Technical Support ......................................................................................................................108
Product Registration..................................................................................................................11 1
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How to Conta ct Us.....................................................................................................................112
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YYoouu MMuusstt NNoottiiccee
Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat is trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
AMD, the AMD logo, Athlon and Duron are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Intel, the Intel logo, Intel Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium III are trademarks of Intel Corporation.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United
States and/or other countries.
All product and brand names used on this manual are used for identification purposes only and may be the registered
trademarks of their respective owners.
All of the specifications and information contained in this manual are subject to change without notice. AOpen reserves the right
to revise this publication and to make reasonable changes. AOpen assumes no responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies that
may appear in this manual, including the products and software described in it.
This documentation is protected by copyright law. All rights are reserved.
No part of this document may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval
system without prior written permission from AOpen Corporation.
Copyright
©
1996-2000, AOpen Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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BBeeffoorree YYoouu SSttaarrtt
This Online Manual will introduce to the user how this product is installed. All useful information will be described in later
chapters. Please keep this manual carefully for future upgrades or system configuration changes. This Online Manual is saved
in PDF format
get free download from Adobe web site
Although this Online Manual is optimized for screen viewing, it is still capable for hardcopy printing, you can print it by A4 paper
size and set 2 pages per A4 sheet on your printer. To do so, choose File > Page Setup and follow the instruction of your printer
driver.
Thanks for the help of saving our earth.
, we recommend using Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.0 for online viewing, it is included in Bonus CD disc or you can
.
10
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OOvveerrvviieeww
Thank you for choosing AOpen AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133. The AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 is AMD® Socket
462 motherboard (M/B) based on the ATX form factor featuring the VIA Apollo KT266A chipset
built in the M/B, the AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 AMD
EV6
system bus. In the AGP performance, it has one AGP slot and supports AGP 1X/2X/4X mode and pipelined spilt-transaction
long burst transfer up to 1056MB/sec. With high bandwidth 266MB/s 8-bit V-Link Host Controller, PC1600
SDRAM can be applied to the AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 and the maximum memory size can be up to 3GB. The
on-board IDE controller supports Ultra DMA
66/100/133 mode and the transfer rate up to
133MB/s. AK77 Plus(A)-133 with a Promise
FastTrak™ 100 Lite IDE RAID controller that
provides high performance and fault tolerance.
Further flexibility can be achieved by taking
advantage of the Communication and Network
Riser (CNR) card option that allows audio and
modem configuration on a single baseboard design.
Besides, the AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133
has an AD 1885 AC97
provides high performance and magic surround
stereo sound to let people enjoy working with it.
Now, enjoy all features from AOpen AK77
Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133.
CODEC chipset onboard for
®
Socket 462 series Athlon™ & Duron™ processor and 266MHz
®
. As high performance chipset
and PC2100 DDR
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FFeeaattuurree HHiigghhlliigghhtt
CPU
Supports AMD® Socket 462 series CPU with both 200MHz and 266MHz EV6 Bus designed for Socket 462 technology.
Athlon: 600MHz~1.4GHz
Duron: 600MHz~1.2GHz
AthlonXP: 1500+(1.3GHz)~1900+(1.6GHz)
Chipset
The VIA Apollo KT266A consists of the VT8366A V-Link DDR Host system controller and the VT8233A highly integrated V-Link
Client PCI/LPC controller. The Host system controller provides superior performance between the CPU, SDRAM, AGP bus, and
V-Link interface with pipelined, burst, and concurrent operation. The VT8233A V-Link Client controller is a highly integrated
PCI/LPC controller. Its internal bus structure is based on 66MHz PCI bus that provides 2x bandwidth compare to previous
generation PCI/ISA bridge chips. The VT8233A integrated Client V-Link controller with 266MB/s bandwidth between Host/Client
V-Link interface, provides a V-Link-PCI and V-Link-LPC controller. Of five PCI slots provided, AK77 Pro(A)-133 supports all five
master PCI slots with arbitration and decoding for all integrated functions and LPC bus; while AK77 Plus(A)-133 supports four
master PCI slots for arbitration and decoding functions also and one slave PCI slot.
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Ultra DMA 66/100/133 Bus Mater IDE
Comes with an on-board PCI Bus Master IDE controller with two connectors that supports four IDE devices in two channels,
supports Ultra DMA
66/100/133, PIO Modes 3 and 4 and Bus Master IDE DMA Mode 4, and supports Enhanced IDE devices.
Expansion Slots
Including five 32-bit/33MHz PCI, one CNR and one AGP 4X slots. The PCI local bus throughput can be up to 132MB/s. The
Communication & Nectworking Riser (CNR)
for a Modem /Aud io ca rd. The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
and speed. The AGP video cards support data transfer rate up to 1056MB/s. As AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 includes
one AGP expansion slot for a bus mastering AGP graphic card, For AD and SBA signaling, AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133
can support 133MHz 2X/4X mode.
slot provided from AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 c an support CNR interface
specification provides a new level of video display sophistication
Memory
With VIA Apollo KT266A chipset, the AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 can support Double-Data-Rate (DDR) SDRAM. The
DDR SDRAM interface allows zero wait state bursting between the SDRAM and the data buffers at 66/100/133MHz. The six
banks of DDR SDRAM can be composed of an arbitrary mixture of 1M/2M4M/8M/16M/32M/64MxN DDR SDRAM and maximum
up to 3GB. The AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 allows DDR SDRAM to run at either synchronous or pseudo-synchronous
mode with the host CPU bus frequency (66/100/133MHz).
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On-board ATA/100 IDE RAID (AK77 Plus(A)-133 On ly)
1. Supports data striping (RAID 0) and mirroring (RAID 1). Provides dramatic increase in drive performance and/or fault
tolerant options. Offers performance customization and data rebuilds from the BIOS menu. Mirroring supports automatic
background rebuilds. Fault tolerance can be restored automatically without rebooting.
2. Supports up to four IDE drives which capacities are more than 8.4GB on the two IDE RAID connectors while still supporting
four IDE devices on the motherboard. The burst data transfer rates can up to 100MB/s from ATA/100 drives to boast overall
system performance.
3. Supports IDE Bus Master operation allows multi-tasking during disk drives transfer which increase CPU efficiency, then the
CPU is free to process task during IDE data transfer through PCI bus interface to/from system memory.
On-board AC97 Sound
AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 uses the AD 1885 AC97 CODEC chip. This on-board audio includes a complete audio
recording and playback system.
Four USB Connectors
Provides two ports, four USB connectors for USB interface devices, such as mouse, keyboard, modem, scanner, etc. The
onboard USB Host controller is fully compliant with USB UHCI 1.1 specification that can fully compatible with low power mode
and wake-up specification.
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1MHz Stepping Frequency Adjustment
Provides “1MHz Stepping Frequency Adjustment” function in the BIOS. This magic function allows you adjust CPU FSB
frequency from 100~248 by 1MHz stepping, and lets your system can get maximum performance.
Watch Dog Timer
Includes AOpen “Watch Dog Timer” function that can auto-reset system in 4.8 seconds when you fail to system overclocking.
Die-Hard BIOS with external controller (Upgrade Optional)
The Die-Hard BIOS technology is a very effective hardware protection method that doesn’t involve any software or BIOS coding.
Hence, it is 100% virus free.
Dr. LED (Upgrade Optional)
The Dr. LED has 8 LEDs on AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133, which can easily show what kind of problem you may
encounter.
Power Management/Plug and Play
The AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 supports the power management function t hat confirms to t he power-saving standards
of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Energy Star program. It also offers Plug-and-Play
from configuration problems, thus making the system much more user-friendly.
, which helps saving users
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Hardware Monitoring Management
Supports CPU or system fans status, temperature and voltage monitoring and alert, through the on-board hardware monitor
module and Aopen Hardware Monitoring Utility
.
Enhanced ACPI
Fully implement the ACPI standard for Windows® 95/98/ME/NT/2000 series compatibility, and supports Soft-Off, STR (Suspend
to RAM, S3), STD (Suspend to Disk, S4), WOM (Wake On Modem), WOL (Wake On LAN) features.
Super Multi-I/O
The AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 provides two high-speed UART compatible serial ports and one parallel port with EPP
and ECP capabilities. UART2 can also be directed from COM2 to the Infrared Module for the wireless connections.
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QQuuiicckk IInnssttaallllaattiioonn PPrroocceedduurree
This page gives you a quick procedure on how to install your system. Follow each step accordingly.
1. Installing CPU and Fan
2. Installing System Memory (DIMM)
3. Connecting Front Panel Cable
4. Connecting IDE and Floppy Cable
5. Connecting ATX Power Cable
6. Connecting Back Panel Cable
7. Power-on and Load BIOS Setup Default
8. Setting CPU Frequency
9. Reboot
10. I nst all in g Op er ati ng S yst em (s uc h as W indo ws 9 8)
11. Installing Driver and Utility
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p
A
A
A
A
A
(
A
r
r
r
r
r
(
y)
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
CD-IN Connector
Onboard AC97 CODEC
Die Hard BIOS with 100% Virus
Protection (UpgradeOptional)
JP30 Die Hard BIOS
Select Jumper
Green: AUX-IN Connecto
Red: Modem-CN Connecto
32-bit PCI Expansion Slot x5
JP14 CMOS Data Clear Jumper
CNR Expansion Slot
(PCI 5 supports slave mode
PCI card only)
2nd USB Port Connector
Dr. LED Connector
(Upgrade Optional)
WOM (Wake ON Modem)
WOL (Wake ON LAN)
FAN3 Connector
with H/W Monitoring
Front Audio Connector
Front Panel Connector
PROMISE® FastTrak 100™
Lite IDE RAID Controller
AK77 Plus(A)-133 Onl
System & RAM Power
Chassis Intrusion Sensor
Connecto
Connecto
IrDA Connecto
Indicate LED
Connecto
Motherboard Map
18
PC99 Colored Back Panel
Resettable Fuse
JP28 Keyboard/Mouse
Select Jumper
Wake-u
CPU Fan Connector with
H/W Monitoring
FAN3 Connector
GP 4x Expansion Slot
462-pin CPU Socket with
Voltage and Frequency
uto-Detection that supports
MD® Athlon® / Duron® / and
thlonXP
VIA® Apollo KT266A
Chipset with FANsink and
VT8233A SB
ATA100/133 supported)
TX Power Connector
184-pin DDR SDRAM Slot x3
support maximum up to 3GB
JP21 FSB Select Jumper
IDE Connector x 2
(ATA100/133 supported)
TA/100 IDE RAID
Connector x2 (AK77
Plus(A)-133 Only)
FDD Connector
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BBlloocckk DDiiaaggrraamm
Socket 462
AMD
Athlon/Duron
CPU
PC1600/PC2100 DDR
SDRAM Up to 3GB
DDR SDRAM Socket x3
66/100/133MHz
System Bus
AGP Bus
DDR V-Link
Host North 552
AGP 4X Slot
VT8366V
BGA
USB connector x4
Floppy Disk Drive x2
PCI Bus
1stUSB Port
2ndUSB Port
32-bit PCI Sl ot x5
Promise
FastTrak
100 IDE
RAID
Controller
ATA
66/100/133
Primary
Channel
Secondary
Channel
Primary
Channel
Secondary
Channel
VT8233V
V-Link Client
South 376
BGA
Supports ATA100 IDE RAID
0 and RAID 1 Solution
(AK77 Plus Only)
AC’97 Link
Audio CODEC
Modem CODEC
CNR Slot
2MBit Flash EEPROM
Parallel Port
Serial Port x2
IDE Drive x4
IDE Drive x4
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HHaarrddwwaarree IInnssttaallllaattiioonn
This chapter describes jumpers, connectors and hardware devices of this motherboard.
Note: E lectrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage your processor, disk drives, expansion boards,
and other components. Always observe the following precautions before you install a system
component.
1. Do not remove a component from its protective packaging until you are ready to install it.
2. Wear a wrist ground strap and attach it to a metal part of the system unit before handling a
component. If a wrist strap is not available, maintain contact with the system unit throughout
any procedures requiring ESD protection.
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CClleeaarr CCMMOOSS DDaattaa
You can clear CMOS to restore system default setting. To clear the CMOS, follow the procedures below.
1. Turn off the system and unplug the AC power.
2. Remove ATX power cable from connector PWR2.
3. Locate JP14 and short pins 2-3 for a few seconds.
4. Return JP14 to its normal setting by shorting pin 1 & pin 2.
5. Connect ATX power cable back to connector PWR2.
Pin 1
1
Normal Operation
(default)
1
Clear CMOS
Tip: W hen should I Clear CMOS?
1. Boot fa il bec aus e of ove rc lock i ng…
2. Forget password…
3. Troubleshooting…
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CCPPUU IInnssttaallllaattiioonn
This motherboard supports AMD® Athlon and Duron Socket 462 series CPU. Be careful of CPU orientation when you plug it into
CPU soc k e t.
1. Pull up the CPU socket lever and
up to 90-degree angle.
2. Locate Pin 1 in the socket and look for a black dot or cut edge on the
CPU upper interface. Match Pin 1 and cut edge, then insert the CPU into
the socket.
CPU socket
Lever
Note: This picture is for example only, it may not exactly be the same motherboard.
CPU pin 1
and cut edge
Black dot
and cut edge
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3. Press down the CPU socket lever and finish
CPU installation.
Note: This picture is for example only, it may not exactly be the same motherboard.
CPU cut edge
Note: If you do not match the CPU
socket Pin 1 and CPU cut edge well, it
ma
damage the CPU.
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JJPP2211 FFSSBB//PPCCII CClloocckk RRaattiioo
This jumper is used to specify the relationship of PCI and FSB clock. Generally speaking, if you are not overclockers, we
recommend you to set it to the default setting. Additionally, this motherboard also provides “1MHz Stepping Adjustment”
feature for overclockers to adjust CPU FSB frequency via BIOS setup program. Based on the CPU type, the adjustment range
has two levels: 100~129 (FSB=100, such as Athlon 800), 130~248 (FSB=133, such as Athlon 1000) MHz for your choosing. You
may also choose a specific FSB frequency ranging from 100~117 (say, 105, 110, 115 for example) and 120~156 with reference
to a frequency table in BIOS setup program. If you fix t he CPU FSB frequency by JP21, the “1MHz Stepping Adjustment” range
will be changed and following your JP21 setting.
-
SW1 CPU Ratio
Select Switch
+
1
2
3
4
1 2 3
FSB=100
CPU Ratio SW1-1 SW1-2 SW1-3 SW1-4
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
CPU Default 0 0 0 0
－－＋－
＋－＋－
－＋＋－
＋＋＋－
－－－＋
＋－－＋
－＋－＋
＋＋－＋
－－＋＋
＋－＋＋
－＋＋＋
＋＋＋＋
－－－－
＋－－－
－＋－－
＋＋－－
FSB=133
(Default)
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CCPPUU JJuummppeerr--lleessss DDeessiiggnn
CPU VID signal and SMbus clock generator provide CPU voltage auto-detection and allows the user to set the CPU frequency
through the BIOS setup
designs are eliminated. There will be no worry of wrong CPU voltage detection.
, therefore no jumpers or switches are used. The disadvantages of the Pentium based jumper-less
AMD
Socket A CPU
CPU VID signal
Power Regulator
(A utomatically generates CPU voltage)
CPU voltage
Clock
Generator
CPU Freq. Ratio
BIOS
Controlled
Circuit
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
FFuullll--rraannggee AAddjjuussttaabbllee CCPPUU CCoorree VVoollttaaggee
This function is dedicated to overclockers, AOpen works together with Fairchild t o develop a special chip FM3540 that s upports
Adjustable CPU Core Voltage from 1.1V to 1.85V by 0.05V stepping. But this motherboard can also automatically detect CPU
VID signal and generates proper CPU core voltage.
BIOS Setup > Frequency/Voltage Control > CPU Voltage Setting
Warning: Higher CPU core voltage may be
able to increase CPU speed for overclocking,
but you may damage the CPU or reduce the
CPU lifecycle.
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
SSeettttiinngg CCPPUU FFrreeqquueennccy
This motherboard is CPU jumper-less design, you can set CPU frequency through the BIOS setup, and no jumpers or switches
are needed.
BIOS Setup > Frequency/Voltage Control > CPU Speed Setting
CPU Ratio
CPU FSB
(By BIOS Table)
CPU FS B
(By manual Adjustment)
From 5.5x to 12.5x step 0.5x
100, 102, 105, 108, 110, 113, 115, 117, 120, 122, 124, 133, 136,
138, 140, 142, 144, 147, 152, 154, and 156MHz.
FSB=100, 100~129 by 1MHz stepping adjustment technology
FSB=133, 130~248 by 1MHz stepping adjustment technology
Home
y
Warning: VIA® Apollo KT266A chipset supports 133MHz
FSB (with performance reaches maximum 266MHz EV6
system bus) and 66MHz AGP clock, higher clock setting
may cause serious system damage.
Tip: If your system hangs or fails to boot because of
overclocking, simply use <Home> key to restore the
default setting (433MHz) or you can wait the AOpen
“Watch Dog Timer” reset the system after five seconds
and system will auto-detect hardware again.
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
SSuuppppoorrtteedd CCPPUU FFrreeqquueennccyy
Core Frequency = CPU Bus Clock * CP U Ra tio
PCI Clock = CPU Bus Clock / Clock Ratio
AGP Clock = PCI Clock x 2
EV6 Bus Speed = CPU external bus clock x 2
CPU CPU Core Frequency EV6 Bus Clock Ratio
Athlon 1G 1GHz 200MHz 10.0x
Athlon 1.1G 1.1GHz 200MHz 11.0x
Athlon 1.2G 1.2GHz 200MHz 12.0x
Athlon 1.3G 1.3GHz 200MHz 13.0x
Athlon 1.4G 1.4GHz 200MHz 14.0x
Athlon 1G 1GHz 266MHz 7.5x
Athlon 1.13G 1.13GHz 266MHz 8.5x
Athlon 1.2G 1.2GHz 266MHz 9.0x
Athlon 1.33G 1.33GHz 266MHz 10.0x
Athlon 1.4G 1.4GHz 266MHz 10.5x
AthlonXP 1500+ 1.3GHz 266MHz 10.0x
AthlonXP 1600+ 1.4GHz 266MHz 10.5x
AthlonXP 1700+ 1.46GHz 266MHz 11.0x
AthlonXP 1800+ 1.53GHz 266MHz 11.5x
AthlonXP 1900+ 1.6GHz 266MHz 12.0x
Duron 800 800MHz 200MHz 8.0x
Duron 850 850MHz 200MHz 8.5x
Duron 900 900MHz 200MHz 9.0x
Duron 950 950MHz 200MHz 9.5x
Duron 1G 1GHz 200MHz 10.0x
Duron 1.1G 1.1GHz 200MHz 11.0x
Note: This motherboard support
CPU auto-detection function.
Hence, you don’t need to setup
the CPU frequency manually.
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
AAOOppeenn ““WWaattcchh DDoogg TTiimmeerr””
With this motherboard, AOpen provides a very special, useful feature for overclockers. When you power-on the system, the
BIOS will check last system POST
the CPU FSB
reset the system to reboot in five seconds. Then, BIOS will detect the CPU’s default frequency and POST again. With this
special feature, you can easily overclock your system to get higher system performance without removing the cover of system
housing, and be able to set the jumper to clear CMOS data when your system hanged.
frequency by user’s setting that stored in the BIOS. If system failed in BIOS POST, the “Watch Dog Timer” will
AOpen
Watch Dog
Timer
status. If it succeeded, the BIOS will enable “Watch Dog Timer” function immediately, and set
Enable/Disable Signal
from BIOS
Countdown about
5 seconds if fails
in POST
Reset Signal
Clock Generator
BIOS
CPU ID Signal
CPU
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
CCPPUU aanndd HHoouussiinngg FFaann CCoonnnneeccttoorr ((wwiitthh HH//WW MMoonniittoorriinngg))
Plug in the CPU fan cable to the 3-pin CPU FAN connector. If you have chassis fan, you can also plug it on System Fan (FAN2)
or AUX Fan (FAN3) (without H/W monitoring) connector.
FAN2 Connector
GND
+12V
SENSOR
FAN3 Connector
CPU Fan Connector
Note: Some CPU fans do not have
sensor pin, so that cannot support fan
monitoring.
GND
+12V
SENSOR
SENSOR
+12V
GND
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
DDIIMMMM
The DDR SDRAM interface allows zero wait state bursting between the DDR SDRAM and the data buffers at 100 or 133MHz.
The three 184-pin sockets, six banks of DDR SDRAM can be composed of an arbitrary mixture of
1M/2M/4M/8M/16M/32M/64MxN DDR SDRAM with maximum up to 3GB.
Warning: The AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77
Plus(A)-133 support DDR SDRAM, please
do not install the SDRAM on the DDR
SDRAM sockets. Otherwise, it will cause
serious damage on memory sockets or
SDRAM module.
DDR
SDRAM
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HHooww ttoo IInnssttaallll MMeemmoorryy MMoodduulleess
Please follow the procedure as shown below to finish memory installation.
1. Make sure the DIMM module’s pin face down and match the socket’s size as depicted below.
2. Insert the module straight down to the DIMM slot with both hands and press down firmly until the DIMM module is securely
in place.
3. Repeat step 2 to finish additional DIMM modules installation.
Pin 1
Tab
Key
52 pins 40 pins
Note: The tabs of the DIMM slot will
close- up to hold the DIMM i n place
when the DIMM touches the slot’s
bottom.
Pin 1
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SSyysstteemm aanndd RRAAMM PPoowweerr IInnddiiccaattee LLEEDD
This LED indicates there is power applies to motherboard and memory. If you connect power to the motherboard, this LED will
be lighting. It is useful to check the system power status when power on/off and stand-by mode or RAM power status during
Suspend to RAM mode
Warning: Do not install or remove the DIMM module or others
devices when the LED is lighting.
.
System
Power LED
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e
A
A
A
AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
FFrroonntt PPaanneell CCoonnnneeccttoorr
IDE LED
SPEAKER
Attach the power LED, EMPI, speaker, power and reset switch connectors to th
corresponding pins. If you enable “Suspend Mode” item in BIOS Setup, the ACPI
& Power LED will keep flashing while the system is in suspend mode.
Locate the power switch cable from your ATX housing. It is 2-pin female
connector from the housing front panel. Plug this connector to the soft-power
switch connector marked SPWR.
Suspend Type ACPI L E D
Power on Suspend (S1) Flashing for every second
Suspend to RAM (S3) or Suspend to Disk (S4) The LED will be turned off
1
Power Switch
CPI & Power LED
RESET
IDE LED
IDE LED
SPEAKER
NC
NC
+5V
+5V
+5V
GND
NC
1
SPWR
GND
CPILED-
GND
CPILED+
NC
NC
GND
RESET
GND
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
AATTXX PPoowweerr CCoonnnneeccttoorr
The ATX power supply uses 20-pin connector shown below. Make sure you plug in the right direction.
COM
+5V
COM
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
-12V
COM
PS-ON
COM
+5V
COM
PW-OK
5VSB
+12V
+5V
+5V
-5V
COM
COM
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
AACC PPoowweerr AAuuttoo RReeccoovveerryy
A traditional ATX system should remain at power off stage when AC power resumes from power failure. This design is
inconvenient for a network server or workstation, without an UPS, that needs to keep power-on. This motherboard implements
an AC Power Auto Recovery function to solve this problem.
JJPP2288 KKeeyybbooaarrdd WWaakkee--uupp
This motherboard provides keyboard / mouse wake-up function. You can use JP28 to enable or disable this function, which
could resume your system from suspend mode with keyboard or mouse installed. The factory default setting is set to
“Disable”(1-2), and you may enable this function by setting the jumper to 2-3.
Pin 1
1
Disable
(Default)
1
Enable
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(
(
(
AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
IIDDEE,, FFllooppppyy aanndd IIDDEE RRAAIIDD ((AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnllyy)) CCoonnnneeccttoorr
Connect 34-pin floppy cable and 40-pin IDE cable to floppy connector FDC and IDE/IDE RAID (AK77 Plus(A)-133 Only)
connector. Be careful of the pin1 orientation. Wrong orientation may cause system damage.
IDE RAID
Connector
(AK77 Plus(A)-133
RAID IDE 1
2nd)
Slave
RAID IDE 2
Slave (4th)
RAID IDE 1
Master
RAID IDE 2
Master
3rd)
1st)
ATA 66/100/133
IDE Connector
37
Slave (2nd)
Pin 1
Primary
Secondary
Slave (4th)
Primary
Master (1st)
IDE1 (Primary)
IDE2 (Secondary)
Secondary
Master (3rd)
FDD
Connector
Pin 1
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
IDE1 is also known as the primary channel and IDE2 as the secondary channel. Each channel supports two IDE devices that
make a total of four devices. In order to work together, the two devices on each channel must be set differently to Master and
Slave mode. Either one can be the hard disk or the CDROM. The setting as master or slave mode depends on the jumper on
your IDE device, so please refer to your hard disk and CDROM manual accordingly.
This motherboard supports ATA66
modes. The IDE bus is 16-bit, which means every transfer is two bytes.
Mode Clock Period Clock Count Cycle TimeData Transfer Rate
PIO mode 0 30ns 20 600ns (1/600ns) x 2byte = 3.3MB/s
PIO mode 1 30ns 13 383ns (1/383ns) x 2byte = 5.2MB/s
PIO mode 2 30ns 8 240ns (1/240ns) x 2byte = 8.3MB/s
PIO mode 3 30ns 6 180ns (1/180ns) x 2byte = 11.1MB/s
PIO mode 4 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s
DMA mode 0 30ns 16 480ns (1/480ns) x 2byte = 4.16MB/s
DMA mode 1 30ns 5 150ns (1/150ns) x 2byte = 13.3MB/s
DMA mode 2 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s
ATA33 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte x 2 = 33MB/s
ATA66 30ns 2 60ns (1/60ns) x 2byte x 2 = 66MB/s
ATA100 20ns 2 40ns (1/40ns) x 2byte x 2 = 100MB/s
ATA133 15ns 2 30ns (1/30ns) x 2byte x 2 = 133MB/s
Warning: Th e sp ec ific at io n of the I DE c abl e is a max imu m of 46c m (1 8 inc hes ) ;
make sure your cable does not exceed this length.
, ATA100 or ATA 133 DE devices. Following table lists the transfer rate of IDE PIO and DMA
Tip:
1. For better signal quality,
it is recommended to set
the far end side device
to master mode and
follow the suggested
sequence to install your
new device. Please refer
to above diagram
2. To achieve the best
performance of Ultra
DMA 66/100 hard disks,
a special 80-wires IDE
cable for Ultra DMA
1 i r
ir
.
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
IIDDEE RRAAIIDD CCoonnttrroolllleerr ((AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnllyy))
The AK77 Plus(A)-133 motherboard has added an onboard PROMISE® FastTrak 100 Lite IDE RAID controller. If you want to
enable or disable this controller, you may directly adjust them through the bios setup without adjusting any jumper.
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X
AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
IIrrDDAA CCoonnnneeccttoorr
The IrDA connector can be configured to support wireless infrared module, with this module and application software such as
Laplink or Windows 95 Direct Cable Connection, the user can transfer files to or from laptops, notebooks, PDA devices and
printers. This connector supports HPSIR (115.2Kbps, 2 meters) and ASK-IR (56Kbps).
Install the infrared module onto the IrDA connector and enable the infrared function from BIOS Setup, UART2 Mode
to have the correct orientation when you plug in the IrDA connector.
Pin 1
IR_T
IrDA Connector
NC
+5V
, make sure
KEY
GND
IR_RX
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
WWOOMM ((ZZeerroo VVoollttaaggee WWaakkee oonn MMooddeemm)) CCoonnnneeccttoorr
This motherboard implements special circuit to support Wake On Modem, both Internal modem card and external box modem
are supported. Since Internal modem card consumes no power when system power is off, it is recommended to use an internal
modem. To use internal modem, connect 4-pin cable from RING connector of modem card to the WOM connector on the
motherboard.
WOM Connector
+5VSB
NC
RI-
GND
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
WWOOMM bbyy EExxtteerrnnaall BBOOXX MMooddeem
Traditional Green PC suspend mode does not really turn off the system power supply, it uses external box modem to trigger MB
COM port and resume back to active.
Note: This picture is for example only, it may not exactly be the same motherboard.
Pin 1
Pin 1
m
Serial Port
(Modem Side)
Serial Port
(Motherboard Side)
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
WWOOMM bbyy IInntteerrnnaall MMooddeemm CCaarrd
With the help of the ATX soft power On/Off, it is possible to have a system totally power off, and wakeup to automatically answer
a phone call as an answering machine or to send/receive a fax. You may identify whether or not your system is in true power off
mode by checking to see if the fan of your power supply is off. Both an external box modem and an internal modem card can be
used to support Modem Wake Up, but if you use an external modem, you have to leave your box modem on.
WOM Connector
(Motherboard Side)
Note: This picture is for example only, it may not exactly be the same motherboard.
d
43
WOM Connector
(Modem Card
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
WWOOLL ((WWaakkee oonn LLAANN))
This feature is very similar as Wake On Modem, but it goes through local area network. To use Wake On LAN function, you must
have a network card with chipset that supports this feature, and connect a cable from LAN card to motherboard WOL connector.
The system identification information (probably IP address) is stored on network card and because there is a lot of traffic on the
Ethernet, you need to install network management software, such as ADM, for the checking of how to wake up the system. Note
that, at least 600mA ATX standby current is required to support the LAN card for this function.
LID
GND
+5VSB
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
WOL Connector
(Motherboard Side)
Note: This picture is for example only, it may not exactly be the same motherboard.
WOL Connector
(Ethernet Card Side)
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
AAGGPP ((AAcccceelleerraatteedd GGrraapphhiicc PPoorrtt)) EExxppaannssiioonn SSlloott
The AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 provides an AGP 4x slot. The AGP 4x is a bus interface targeted for high-performance
3D graphic. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and single-master single-slave one-to-one only. AGP uses both
rising and falling edge of the 66MHz clock, for 2X AGP, the data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4bytes x 2 = 528MB/s. AGP is now
moving to AGP 4x mode, 66MHz x 4bytes x 4 = 1056MB/s.
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
CCNNRR ((CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn aanndd NNeettwwoorrkk RRiisseerr)) EExxppaannssiioonn SSlloott
CNR is a riser card specification to repl ace the AMR (Audio/Modem Riser) that supports V.90 analog modem, multi-channel
audio, and phone-line based networking. Owing to CPU computing power getting stronger, the digital processing job can be
implemented in main chipset and share CPU power. The analogy conversion (CODEC
circuit design, which is put on CNR card. This motherboard implements sound CODEC on board, but reserve CNR slot for the
option of modem function. Note that you can still use PCI modem card.
) circuit requires a different and separate
47
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
PPCC9999 CCoolloorr CCooddeedd BBaacckk PPaanneell
The onboard I/O devices are PS/2 Keyboard, PS/2 Mouse, serial ports COM1 and COM2, Printer, Four USB, AC97 sound and
game port. The view angle of drawing shown here is the back panel of the housing.
PS/2 Keyboard: For standard keyboard, which is using a PS/2 plug.
PS/2 Mo us e: For PC- Mou s e, wh ic h is usi ng a P S/2 p l ug.
USB Por t : Available for connecting USB devices.
Parallel Port: To connect with SPP/ECP/EPP printe r.
COM1 Port: To connect with pointing devices, modem or others serial devices.
Speaker Out: To External Speaker, Earphone or Amplifier.
Line-In: Comes from the signal sources, such as CD/Tape player.
MIC-In: From Microphone.
MIDI/Game Port: For 15-pin PC joystick, game pad or MIDI devices.
PS/2 Mouse
Connector
PS/2 Keyboard
Connector
USB Port
COM 1 Port COM 2 Port
SPP/EPP/ECP
Parallel Port
Game Port
MIC-In
Line-In
Speaker Out
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
d
nnd
SSuuppppoorrtt 2
2
UUSSBB PPoorrtt
This motherboard supports two USB ports and provides four USB connectors. Two USB connectors are on the PC99 colored
back panel, and 2
or front panel of chassis.
USB_FP_P0-
USB_FP_P0+
nd
USB port is behind PCI2 slot. You can use proper cable to connect others USB connectors to the back panel
Pin 1
USBPWR0
GND
KEY
1 2
USBPW R0
USB_FP_P1USB_FP_P1+
GND
USB_FP_OC0
9 10
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1
AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
CChhaassssiiss IInnttrruussiioonn SSeennssoorr
The “CASE OPEN” header provides chassis intrusion-monitoring function. To make this function works, you have to enable it in
the system BIOS, connect this header to a sensor s omewhere on the chassis. So, whenever the sensor is triggered by lights or
the opening of the chassis, the system will send out beep sound to inform you. Please be informed that this useful function only
applies to advanced chassis, you may purchase an extra sensor, attach it on your chassis, and make a good use of this
function.
Pin 1
Case Open Chassis Intrusion
Sensor Connector
SENSOR
GND
50
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
CCDD AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr
This connector is used to connect CD Audio cable from CD-ROM or DVD drive to onboard sound.
R GND GND L
CD-IN
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
MMooddeemm AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr
This connector is used to connect Mono In/MIC Out cable from internal modem card to onboard sound circuit. The pin 1-2 is
Mono In, and the pin 3-4 is MIC Out. Please note that there is no standard for this kind of connector yet, only some internal
modem cards implement this connector.
MIC Out
GND
GND
Mono In
MODEM-CN
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
AAUUXX--IINN CCoonnnneeccttoorr
This connector is used to connect MPEG Audio cable from MPEG card to onboard sound.
R
GND
GND
L
AUX-IN
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A
A
A
A
AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
FFrroonntt AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr
If the housing has been designed with an audio port on the front panel, you’ll be able to connect onboard audio to front panel
through this connector. By the way, please remove the jumper cap from the Front Audio Connector before you connect the cable.
Do not remove this yellow jumper cap if housing without an audio port on the front panel.
Pin 1
AUD_MIC
AUD_MIC_BIAS
AUD_FPOUT_R
NC
AUD_FROUT_L
1 2
UD_GND
UD_VCC
UD_RET_R
KEY
UD_RET_L
9 10
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
DDiiee--HHaarrdd BBIIOOSS ((110000%% VViirruuss PPrrootteeccttiioonn,, UUppggrraaddee OOppttiioonnaall))
Recently, many viruses have been found that they may destroy bios code and data area. Therefore, this motherboard
implements a very effective hardware protection method that does not involve any software or BIOS coding, hence it is 100%
virus free. You may restore the originally mounted BIOS with 2
This motherboard comes with one BIOS ROM, you may contact our local distributor or reseller for purchasing the extra BIOS
ROM. Please visit our website: www.aopen.com
for details.
JP30
Pin 1
nd
BIOS ROM by setting JP30 to pin 2-3 if it fails to act normally.
Rescue
ROM
1 1
Normal
Rescue
BIOS
ROM
55
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
EExxtteerrnnaall CCoonnttrroolllleerr ffoorr DDIIEE--HHAARRDD BBIIOOSS ((UUppggrraaddee OOppttiioonnaall))
External Controller provides you a better and convenience way to switch the BIOS status between “Rescue” and “Normal”
without opening the case of your computer. You have to plug the jumper cable to the c onnector pin (JP 3 0 ) on the motherboard.
Be careful of the orientation when you connect, the red wire should correspond to Pin1.
Normal
To / Form CPU
Read Only
Read/Write
Rescue ROM
Manual Switch
Flash ROM
56
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p
AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
Note: If you suspect your BIOS is infected by virus, just rescue your bios by following steps:
1. Turn off the system, set the External Controller to “Rescue” to read from rescue ROM.
2. Boot the system and set the switch back to “Normal”.
3. Follow the BIOS upgrade procedure to rehabilitate BIOS.
Reboot the system, and you should be able to go back to normal mode.
Normal
(Read from normal
Flash ROM)
Tip: If yo u place the sw itch to the mi ddle
rd
(as 3
picture shows), you will not be
able to boot your system, thus you can
rotect your data from molesting.
Rescue
(Read from
Rescue ROM)
Lock
(Lock your computer
to protect your data)
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
DDrr.. LLEEDD CCoonnnneeccttoorr ((UUppggrraaddee OOppttiioonnaall))
In conjunction with Dr. LED (Upgrade Optional), which can easily show what kind of problem you may incur on your system
during assembly. It can clearly indicate whether there is a component issue or an installed issue by the 8 LEDs on the front
panel of Dr. LED. This helps you quickly self-diagnostic your system status.
Pin 1
3.3V
NC
GND
1 2
GPO12
GPO14
GPO14-
5 6
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Dr. LED is a CD disc storage box with 8 LEDs on its front panel, the size of Dr. LED is exactly the same as 5.25 in floppy drive,
so that it can be mount into normal 5.25 in drive bay of any housing.
The total 8 LEDs light up alternatively if the system fails in one of eight stages. Once the LED7 (latest LED) is lit, this indicates
that the system has completed its boot-up procedure.
The 8 LEDs indicate the following messages when lit:
LED 0 - Indicates that the CPU may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 1 - Indicates that the memory may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 2 - Indicates that the AGP may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 3 - Indicates that the PCI card may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 4 - Indicates that the floppy disk drive may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 5 - Indicates that the HDD may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 6 - Indicates that the keyboard may have been installed incorrectly or is damaged.
LED 7 - Indi ca tes th at t he sy st em is OK.
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Boot O.K. KB HDD
Floppy
CPU Video MemoryPCI
Note: During POST (Power On Self Test) procedure, the
Debug LED will light on sequentially from LED0 to LED7 until
the system boot O.K
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
Auto Swi t ch
RTC
CMOS
Battery ATX Stand-by Power
uto switching to ATX standby
power as long as AC power
line is plugged. This smart
design can increases battery
life if you still had battery
plugged on motherboard.
Backup by EEPROM
BBaatttteerryy--lleessss aanndd LLoonngg LLiiffee DDeessiiggnn
This Motherboard implements Flash ROM and a special circuit that allows you to save your current CPU and CMOS Setup
configurations without using the battery. The RTC (real time clock) can also keep running as long as the power cord is plugged.
If you lose your CMOS data by accident, you can just reload the CMOS configurations from Flash ROM and the system will
recover as usual.
Flash
ROM
(Real Time Clock)
00:00:00
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OOvveerr--ccuurrrreenntt PPrrootteeccttiioonn
It is very popular that the Over Current Protection was implemented on ATX 3.3V/5V/12V switching power supply. However, the
new generation CPU uses different voltages that has regulator to transfer 5V to CPU voltage (for example, 2.0V), and thus
makes 5V over current protection useless. This motherboard is equipped with switching regulator onboard which supports CPU
over-current protection; in conjunction with 3.3V/5V/12V power supply to provide the full line over-current protection.
Note: Although we have implemented protection circuit try to prevent any human operating
mistake, there is still certain risk that CPU, memory, HDD, add-on cards installed on this
motherboard may be damaged because of component failure, human operating error or unknown
nature reason. AOpen cannot guaranty the protection circuit will always work perfectly.
ATX Switching Pow er
Supply
Regulator
Onboard
Power
Over-Current
Protection
Circuit
12V (Protected by power supply)
3.3V (Protected by power supply)
5V (Protected by power supply)
CPU Core Voltage
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Fan
CPU
to warn the user.
Fan Speed
AOpen H/W Monitoring
Utility
CPU Temperature
CPU Voltage
System Voltage
Detection
Circuit
HHaarrddwwaarree MMoonniittoorriinngg
This motherboard implements a hardware monitoring system. As you turn on your system, this smart design will continue to
monitor your system’s working voltage, fan status and CPU temperature. If any of these systems’ status goes wrong, there will
be an alarm through the AOpen Hardware Monitoring Utility
Power
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RReesseettttaabbllee FFuussee
Traditional motherboard has fuse for Keyboard and USB port to prevent over-current or shortage. These fuses are soldered
onboard that user cannot replace it when it is damaged (did the job to protect motherboard), and the motherboard remains
malfunction.
With expensive Resettable Fuse, the motherboard can resume back to normal function after fuse had done its protection job.
Resettable
Fuse
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0
μμμμ
F
2222000
The quality of low ESR capacitor (Low Equivalent Series Resistance) during high frequency operation is very important for the
stability of CPU power. The idea of where to put these capacitors is another know-how that requires experience and detail
calculation.
Not only that, this motherboard implements 2200μF capacitor, which is much larger than normal capacitor (1000 or 1500μF)
and it provides better stability for CPU power.
μμμμ
F
LLooww EESSRR CCaappaacciittoorr
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LLaayyoouutt ((FFrreeqquueennccyy IIssoollaattiioonn WWaallll))
Note: This diagram is for example only, it may not exactly be the same diagram of this motherboard.
For high frequency operation, especially overclocking,
layout is the most important factor to make sure
chipset and CPU working in stable condition. The
layout of this motherboard implements AOpen’s
unique design called “ Frequency Isolation Wall”.
Separating each critical portion of motherboard into
regions where each region operates in a same or
similar frequency range to avoid cross talk and
frequency interference between each region’s
operations and condition. The trace length and route
must be calculated carefully. For example, the clock
trace must be equal length (not necessarily as short
as possible) so that clock skew will be controlled
within few a pico second (1/10
12
Sec)
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FFaannssiinnkk oonn NNoorrtthh BBrriiddggee
In order to provide a better effect of cooling and make the chipset work more stable, we especially design a fansink on the north
bridge. After locating the fansink on the north bridge, plug the connector to the header marked FAN3 (AUX Fan) on the
motherboard.
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DDrriivveerr aanndd UUttiilliittyy
There are motherboard drivers and utilities included in AOpen Bonus CD disc. You don’t need to install all of them in order to
boot your system. But after you finish the hardware installation, you have to install your operation system first (such as Windows
98) before you can install any drivers or utilities. Please refer to your operation system’s installation guide.
Note: Please follow recommended procedure
to install Windows 95
and Windows 98.
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AAuuttoo--rruunn MMeennuu ffrroomm BBoonnuuss CCDD DDiisscc
You can use the auto-run menu of Bonus CD disc. Choose the utility and driver and select model name.
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IInnssttaalllliinngg WWiinnddoowwss 9955
1. First, don’t install any add-on card except AGP card.
2. Install Windows 95 OSR2 v2.1, 1212 or 1214 version and later with USB support. Otherwise, you need to install
USBSUP P.EXE.
3. Install the VIA 4 in 1 driver
program.
4. Finally, Install other add-on cards and their drivers.
, which includes VIA AGP Vxd driver, VIA ATAPI Vendor Support driver and VIA registry (INF)
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IInnssttaalllliinngg WWiinnddoowwss 9988
1. First, don’t install any add-on card except AGP card.
2. Enable USB Controller in BIOS Setup > Advanced Chipset Features > OnChip USB, to make BIOS fully capable of
controlling IRQ assignment.
3. Install Window 98 into your system.
4. Install the VIA 4 in 1 driver
registry (INF) program.
5. Finally, Install other add-on cards and their drivers.
, which includes VIA AGP Vxd driver, IRQ Routing, VIA ATAPI Vendor Support driver and VIA
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®
®
IInnssttaalllliinngg WWiinnddoowws
If you are using Windows® 98 Second Edition, Windows® Millennium Edition or Windows® 2000, you do not need to install the
4-in-1 driver as the IRQ Routing Driver and the ACPI Registry are already incorporated into the operating system. Users with
Windows
Please refer to VIA Technologies Inc.
http://www.via.com/
http://www.via.com/drivers/4in1420.exe
®
98 SE may update the VIA Registry INF and AGP drivers by installing them individually.
s
9988 SSEE,, WWiinnddoowws
for latest version of 4 in 1 driver:
®
®
s
MMEE && WWiinnddoowws
®
®
s
22000000
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
IInnssttaalllliinngg VVIIAA 44 iinn 11 DDrriivveerr
You can install the VIA 4 in 1 driver (IDE Bus master (For Windows NT use), VIA ATAP I Vendor Support Driver, VIA AGP, IRQ
Routing Driver (For Windows 98 use), VIA Registry (INF) Driver) from the Bonus Pack CD disc auto-run menu.
Warning:To take advantage of ATA133, it is a must to install
the latest version of VIA 4in1 driver in the Bonus CD.
For Windows2000, it cannot supports ATA133 even after
installing the latest version of VIA 4-in-1 driver until the new
-
Warning: If you want to uninstall the VIA AGP Vxd driver,
lease remove the AGP card driver first. Otherwise, the
screen may go black at rebooting after the un-installation.
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IInnssttaalllliinngg OOnnbbooaarrdd SSoouunndd DDrriivveerr
This motherboard comes with an AD 1885 AC97 CODEC and the sound controller is in VIA South Bridge chipset. You can find
the audio driver from the Bonus Pack CD disc auto-run menu.
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IInnssttaallll OOnnbbooaarrdd IIDDEE RRAAIIDD DDrriivveerr ((AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnllyy))
The onboard PROMISE® FastTrak 100 Lite chipset provides DOS, Widows 3.1/95/98/98 SE/ME/NT/2000 driver for install.
Please refer to the “ATA/100 IDE RAID Manual” for more detail information.
IInnssttaallll FFaassttCChheecckk™™ MMoonniittoorriinngg UUttiilliittyy ((AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnllyy))
You can monitor the operating status of disk array and drives configured on the IDE RAID channel using the supplies
FastCheck™ monitoring utility for Windows-based operating system. FastCheck™ generates visual and audible messages
alerting you possible problems with the disk array or controller. Please refer to the “ATA/100 IDE RAID Manual” for more detail
information.
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IInnssttaalllliinngg HHaarrddwwaarree MMoonniittoorriinngg UUttiilliittyy
You can install Hardware Monitoring Utility to monitor CPU temperature, fans and system voltage. The hardware monitoring
function is automatically implemented by the BIOS and utility software. No hardware installation is needed.
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AACCPPII SSuussppeenndd ttoo HHaarrdd DDrriivvee
ACPI Suspend to Hard Drive is basically controlled by Windows operation system. It sa ves your current work (system status,
memory and screen image) into hard disk, and then the system can be totally power off. Next time, when power is on, you can
resume your original work directly from hard disk within few seconds without go through the Windows booting process and run
your application again. If your memory is 64MB, normally, you need to reserve at least 64MB HDD space to save your memory
image.
When go into Suspend:
When power-on next time:
System
Image &
Status
System
Image &
Status
Save into
Restore within seconds
Hard
Disk
Hard
Disk
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System Requirement
1. AOZVHDD.EXE 1.30b or later.
2. Delete config.sys and autoexec.bat.
Fresh installation of Windows 98 on a new system
1. Execute "Setup.exe /p j" to install Windows 98
2. After Windows 98's installation is complete, go to the Control Panel > Power Management.
a. Set Power Schemes > System Standby to "Never".
b. Click on "Hibernate" and select "Enable Hibernate Support" then "Apply".
c. Click on the "Advanced" tab, you'll see "Hibernate" on "Power Buttons". Note that this option will only be seen after step
b mentioned above has been completed; otherwise only "Standby" and "Shutdown" will be shown. Select "Hibernate" and
"Apply".
3. Clean boot into DOS and run AOZVHDD utility.
a. If you assi gn the whol e disk to yo ur Win 98 sys tem (FAT 16 or FAT 32), please run " aozvhdd /c /file". Pl ease remember
sufficient free space has to be reserved in the disk, e.g. if you have 64 MB DRAM and 16 MB VGA card installed, the
system needs at least 80 MB free space. The utility will locate the space automatically.
b. If you assign an individual partition for Win 98, please run "aozvhdd /c /partition". Of course, the system needs to
provid e unf orm at te d an emp ty pa rt iti o n.
4. Reboot sys tem .
5. You've already implemented ACPI Suspend to-Hard Drive. Click "Start > Shut Down > Standby" then the screen will go off
immediately. And 1 minute or so will be taken for the system to save what's in the memory to the hard drive; the larger the
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memory size the longer this process will take.
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Changing from APM to ACPI (Windows 98 only)
1. Run "Regedit.exe"
a. Go through the following path
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
SOFTWARE
MICROSOFT
WINDOWS
CURRENT VERSION
DETECT
b. Select "ADD Binary" and name it as "ACPIOPTION".
c. Right click and select Modify, add "01" after "0000" to make it "0000 01".
d. Save changes.
2. Select "Add New Hardware" under Control Panel. Allow Windows 98 to detect new hardware. (It will find "ACPI BI O S " and
remove "Plug and Pla y BIOS")
3. Reboot sys tem .
4. Clean boot into DOS and run "AOZVHDD.EXE /C /File"
Changing from ACPI to APM
1. Run "Regedit.exe"
a. Go through the following path
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AAKK7777 PPrroo((AA))--113333 // AAKK7777 PPlluuss((AA))--113333 OOnnlliinnee MMaannuuaall
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
SOFTWARE
MICROSOFT
WINDOWS
CURRENT VERSION
DETECT
ACPI OPTION
b. Right click and select "Modify, change "01" to "02" to make it "0000 02".
c. Save changes.
2. Select "Add New Hardware" under Control Panel. Allow Windows 98 to detect new hardware. (It will find "Plug and Play
BIOS" and remove "ACPI BIOS")
3. Reboot sys tem .
4. Run "Add New Hardware" again and it will find "Advanced Power Management Resource".
5. Click "OK ".
Tip: "02" means Windows 98 is ACPI acknowledged
but the ACPI function is disabled.
Tip: Currently we found only ATI 3D Rage Pro AGP card would support
CPI suspend to disk. Please refer to AOpen web site for latest update
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AACCPPII SSuussppeenndd ttoo RRAAMM ((SSTTRR))
This motherboard supports ACPI Suspend to RAM function. With this function, you can resume your original work directly from
SDRAM without going through the Windows 98 booting process and run your application again. Suspend to SDRAM saves your
current work in the system memory, it is faster than Suspend to Hard Drive but requires power supplied to SDRAM, while
Suspend to Hard Drive requires no power.
When go into Suspend:
When power-on next time:
System Image & Status in
the SDRAM
System Image & Status
in the SDRAM
Backup by
2.5V Po we r
Power back
to work
Other System
Devices
Other System
Devices
Power loss
Power ba ck to wo rk
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To implement ACPI Suspend to DRAM, please follow the procedures as below:
System Requirement
1. An ACPI OS is required. Currently, except Windows 95 and Windows NT, all other Windows Systems support ACPI.
2. The VIA 4 in 1 Driver must have been installed properly.
Procedures
1. Changed the following BIOS settings.
BIOS Setup > Power Management Setup > ACPI Function: Enabled
BIOS Setup > Power Management Setup > ACPI Suspend Type: S3.
2. Go to Control Panel > Power Management. Set “Power Buttons” to “Standby”.
3. Press power button or standby button to wake up the system.
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AAWWAARRDD BBIIOOSS
System parameters can be modified by going into BIOS Setup m enu, this menu all ows yo u to conf igure t he syst em paramet ers
and save the configuration into the 128 bytes CMOS area, (normally in the RTC chip or in the mai n chipset).
The AwardBIOS™ that installed in the Flash RO M
BIOS provides critical low-level support for standard devices such as hard disk drives, serial and parallel ports.
Most BIOS setting of AK77 Pro(A)-133 / AK77 Plus(A)-133 had been optimized by AOpen’s R&D engineering team. But, the
default setting of BIOS still can’t fine-tune the chipset controlling the entire system. Hence, the rest of this chapter is intended to
guide you through the process of configuring your system using setup procedures.
To enter to BIOS setup menu
, press <Del> when POST (Power-On Self Test) screen is shown on your monitor.
of the motherboard is a custom version of an industry standard BIOS. The
Note: Because the BIOS code is the most often
changed part of the motherboard design, the BIOS
information contained in this manual may be
different with actual BIOS that come with your
motherboard.
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HHooww TToo UUssee AAwwaarrdd™™ BBIIOOSS SSeettuupp PPrrooggrraamm
Generally, you can use the arrow keys to highlight items that you want to choose, then press <Enter> key to select, and use the
<Page Up> and <Page Down> key to change setting value. You also can press <F1> key for help and press <Esc> key to quit
Award™ BIOS setup program. The following table provides details about how to use keyboard in the Award™ BIOS setup
program. By the way, all products of AOpen also provides a special function in the BIOS setup, you can press <F3> key
selecting preferred menu language to display.
Key Description
Page Up or + Changing setting to next value or increase the value.
Page Down or - Changing setting to previous value or decrease value.
Enter Select the item.
Esc 1. In main menu: Quit and don’t save any change.
2. In sub menu: Exit current menu to main menu.
Up Arrow Highlight previous item.
Down Arrow Highlight next item.
Left Arrow Move the light bar to left side of menu.
Right Arrow Move the light bar to right side of menu.
F1 Get menu or item help description.
F3 Changing menu language.
F5 Load previous setting value from CMOS.
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Key Description
F6 Load fail-save setting value from CMOS.
F7 Load turbo setting value from CMOS.
F10 Save changed setting and exit setup program.
Note: AOpen always dedicates to give users a much
more friendly computer system. Now, we include all
function descriptions of BIOS setup program into the
BIOS Flash ROM. When you select one function of
BIOS setup program, the function description will
appeared at right side of screen. Hence, you don’t
need read this manual while you changing the BIOS
setting.
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HHooww TToo EEnntteerr BBIIOOSS SSeettuupp
After you finish the setting of jumpers and connect correct cables. Power on and enter the BIOS Setup, press <Del> during
POST (Power-On Self Test). Choose "Load Setup Defaults" for recommended optimal performance.
Del
Warning: Please avoid of using "Load Turbo Defaults", unless
you are sure your system components (CPU, SDRAM, HDD,
etc.) are good enough for turbo setting.
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BBIIOOSS UUppggrraaddee
By flashing your motherboard, you agree to accept the possibility of BIOS flash failure. If you motherboard is working and is
stable, and there are no major bugs that were fixed by a latter BIOS revision, we recommend that you DO NOT try to upgrade
your BIOS.
By doing so, you are taking a risk of BIOS flash failure. If you indeed intent on upgrading, PLEASE BE SURE to use the right
BIOS revision for the right motherboard model.
AOpen Easy Flash is a little bit different from traditional flash method. The BIOS
and you simply run a single commend to complete the flash process.
binary file and flash routine are linked together
Caution: AOpen Easy Flash BIOS programs are designed to be
compatible with the Award BIOS. At the date of this note, AOpen
Easy Flash BIOS programs are not available for AMI BIOS. AMI
BIOS appears mostly only on old 486 boards and some early
Pentium boards. Please be sure to view the README compressed
inside the BIOS package before upgrading, and follow upgrade
instructions carefully. This will minimize the chance of flash
failures.
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Below are the steps for easy flashing procedures: (applies for Award BIOS ONLY)
1. Download new BIOS upgrade zip
For example, AK77PA102.ZIP.
2. Run shareware PKUNZIP (http://www.pkware.com/
binary BI OS f il e an d th e flas h uti li ty.
Or Winzip (http://www.winzip.com/
3. Save the unzipped file into a bootable floppy disk.
For example, AK77PA102.BIN & AK77PA102.EXE
4. Reboot the system to DOS mode without loading any memory handler (such as EMM386) or device driver. It needs
around 520K free memory spaces.
5. Execute A:> AK77PA102 and the program will do the rest of it.
DO NOT turn off the power during FLASH PROCESS until you are asked to!!
6. Reboot system and press <Del> to enter BIOS setup
Warning: The new BIOS upgrade will permanently replace your
original BIOS's settings and PnP information when flashing. You
may need to reconfigure your BIOS setting and re-install
Win95/Win98 as well as your add-on cards, so that your system
can go back to work as normal.
file from AOpen's web site.
) which supports miscellaneous operation systems to extract the
) in Windows environment.
, Choose "Load Setup Defaults", then “Save & Exit Setup”. Done!
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OOvveerrcclloocckkiinngg
As a leading manufacturer in motherboard industry, AOpen always listens to what customers want and develop products to fit
different user's requirements. Reliability, compatibility, leading technology and friendly features are our basic goals when
designing motherboards. Other than above mentioned design criteria, there are power users who are always seeking to push
the limitation of the system performance by overclocking who we call them "Overclocker".
This section is dedicated to overclockers.
This high performance motherboard is designed for maximum 133MHz CPU bus clock. But it comes with clock generator of
248MHz when we design it to accommodate future CPU bus clock. Our lab test results shown that 150MHz is achievabl e when
proper setting and qualified components were presented, we feel quite comfortable overclocking to 150MHz. Not only that, this
motherboard has full-range (CPU core voltage) settings and an option to adjust CPU core voltage. The CPU clock ratio can be
up to 12.5x that supports almost all of Athlon / Duron CPUs in the future and provides flexibility for overclockers. For your
reference, the following configurations are what we feel comfortable at 150MHz bus clock.
But not guaranty. ☺
Tip: Note that overclocking may also
cause thermal problem. Please make
sure that the cooling fan and the
heatsink were adequate to dissipate
excessive heat that's generated by
overclocking the CPU.
☺
☺☺
Warning: The design of this product follows CPU and chipset vendor's
design guideline. Any attempts to push beyond product specification are
not recommended and you are taking your own risk to damage your
system or important data. Before doing overclocking, you must make sure
your components are able to tolerate such abnormal setting, especially
CPU, SDRAM, hard disks, and AGP VGA cards.
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VVGGAA CCaarrdd && HHaarrdd DDiisskk
VGA and HDD is key components for overclocking, for your reference, the following list are what have been successful
overclocked in our lab. Please note that AOpen can not guaranty they can be successful overclocked again. Please check the
Available Vendor List ( AVL) by link to our official website.
VGA: http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/report/overclk/mb/vga-oc.htm
HDD: http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/report/overclk/mb/hdd-oc.htm
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GGlloossssaarryy
AACC9977
Basically, AC97 specification separates sound/modem circuit to two parts, digital processor and a CODEC for analogy I/O they
are linked by AC97 link bus. Since digital processor can be put into motherboard main chipset, the cost of sound/modem
onboard solution can be reduced.
AACCPPII ((AAddvvaanncceedd CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn && PPoowweerr IInntteerrffaaccee))
ACPI is the power management specification of PC97 (1997). It intends to save m ore power by taking full control of power
management to operating system and bypass BIOS
to operating system (such as Windows 98). This is a bit similar as the PnP
power switch to control the power state transition.
AAGGPP ((AAcccceelleerraatteedd GGrraapphhiicc PPoorrtt))
AGP is a bus interface targeted for high-performance 3D graphic. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and
single-master single-slave one-to-one only. AGP uses both rising and falling edge of the 66MHz clock, for 2X AGP, the data
transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 2 = 528MB/s. AGP is now moving to 4X mode, 66MHz x 4byte x 4 = 1056MB/s. AOpen is the
first company to support 4X AGP motherboards by both AX6C (Intel 820) and MX64/AX64 (VIA 694x), started from Oct 1999.
. The chipset or super I/O chip needs to provide standard register interface
register interface. ACPI defines ATX momentary soft
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AAMMRR ((AAuuddiioo//MMooddeemm RRiisseerr))
The CODEC circuit of AC97 sound/modem solution can be put on motherboard or put on a riser card (AMR card) that connects
to motherboard through AMR connector.
AAOOppeenn BBoonnuuss PPaacckk CCDD
A disc bundled with AOpen motherboard product, there are motherboard drivers, Acrobat Reader for PDF online manual and
other us ef ul ut il iti es .
AAPPMM ((AAddvvaanncceedd PPoowweerr MMaannaaggeemmeenntt))
Unlike ACPI, BIOS controls most APM power management functions. AOpen Suspend to Hard Drive is a good example of APM
power management.
AATTAA ((AATT AAttttaacchhmmeenntt))
ATA is the specification of diskette interface. In 80’s, many software and hardware manufacturers instituted the ATA specification
together. The AT is meaning International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) personal computer/AT’s bus structure.
AATTAA//6666
ATA /66 uses both rising edge and falling edge but doubles UDMA/33 transfer rate. The data transfer rate is 4 times of the PIO
mode 4 or DMA mode 2, 16.6MB/s x4 = 66MB/s. To use ATA/66, you need special ATA/66 IDE cable.
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AATTAA//110000
ATA /100 is a new IDE specification under developing. ATA/100 uses both rising edge and falling edge as ATA/66 but clock cycle
time is reduced to 40ns. The data transfer rate is (1/40ns) x 2 bytes x 2 = 100MB/s. To use ATA/100, you need special 80-wire
IDE cab l e, t h e s ame as ATA/66.
BBIIOOSS ((BBaassiicc IInnppuutt//OOuuttppuutt SSyysstteemm))
BIOS is a set of assembly routine/program that reside in EPROM or Flash ROM. BIOS controls Input/output devices and other
hardware devices of motherboard. In general, to provide hardware independent portability, operation system and drivers is
required to access BIOS without directly access hardware devices.
BBuuss MMaasstteerr IIDDEE ((DDMMAA mmooddee))
The traditional PIO (Programmable I/O) IDE requires the CPU to involve in all the activities of the IDE access including waiting
for the mechanical events. To reduce the workload of the CPU, the bus master IDE device transfers data from/to memory
without interrupting CPU, and releases CPU to operate concurrently while data is transferring between memory and IDE device.
You need the bus master IDE driver and the bus master IDE HDD to support bus master IDE mode.
CCNNRR ((CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn aanndd NNeettwwoorrkkiinngg RRiisseerr))
The CNR specification provides the PC industry the opportunity to deliver a flexible and cost reduced method of implementing
LAN, home networking, DSL, USB, wireless, audio and modem subsystems widely used in today's "connected PCs". The CNR
specification is an open industry specification and is supported by OEMs, IHV card manufacturers, silicon supplier and
Microsoft.
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CCOODDEECC ((CCooddiinngg aanndd DDeeccooddiinngg))
Normally, CODEC means a circuit that can do digital to analog conversion and also the analog to digital conversion. It is part of
AC97
sound/modem solution.
DDDDRR ((DDoouubbllee DDaattaa RRaattee)) SSDDRRAAMM
DDR SDRAM utilizes the existing SDRAM infrastructure and technology while doubling the nominal bandwidth available to
systems in an easy to design and simple to adopt way. Initially a perfect solution for memory intensive server and workstation
applications, DDR low cost and low voltage will ultimately make it an ideal solution for all segments of the PC market, high
performance desktop and mobile PCs, Value PCs and even Internet Appliances and mobile devices.
DDIIMMMM ((DDuuaall IInn LLiinnee MMeemmoorryy MMoodduullee))
DIMM socket has total 168-pin and supports 64-bit data. It can be single or double side, the golden finger signals on each side
of PCB are different, and that is why it was called Dual In Line. Almost all DIMMs are made by SDRAM
Note that some old DIMMs are made by FPM/EDO
operates at 2.5V..
DDMMAA ((DDiirreecctt MMeemmoorryy AAcccceessss))
Channel for communications between the memory and surrounding devices.
, which operate at 3.3V.
and only operate at 5V. Do not confuse them with SDRAM DIMM which
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EECCCC ((EErrrroorr CChheecckkiinngg aanndd CCoorrrreeccttiioonn))
The ECC mode needs 8 ECC bits for 64-bit data. Each time memory is accessed; ECC bits are updated and checked by a
special algorithm. The ECC algorithm has the ability to detect double-bit error and automatically correct single-bit error while
parity mode can only detect single-bit error.
EEDDOO ((EExxtteennddeedd DDaattaa OOuuttppuutt)) MMeemmoorryy
The EDO DRAM technology is actually very similar to FPM (Fast Page Mode). Unlike traditional FPM that tri-states the memory
output data to start the pre-charge activity, EDO DRAM holds the memory data valid until the next memory access cycle, that is
similar to pipeline effect and reduces one clock state.
EEEEPPRROOMM ((EElleeccttrroonniicc EErraassaabbllee PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee RROOMM))
Also known as E2PROM. Both EEPROM and Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals, but the interface
technology is different. Size of EEPROM is much smaller than flash ROM.
EEPPRROOMM ((EErraassaabbllee PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee RROOMM))
Traditional motherboard stores BIOS code in EPROM. EPROM can only be erased by ultra-violet (UV) light. If BIOS has to be
upgraded, you need to remove EPROM from motherboard, clear by UV light, re-program, and then insert back.
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EEVV66 BBuuss
EV6 Bus is the technology of Alpha processor from Digital Equipment Corporation. EV6 bus uses both rising and falling clock
edge to transfer data, similar as DDR SDRAM or ATA/66 IDE bus.
EV6 Bus Speed = CPU external bus clock x 2.
For example, 200 MHz EV6 bus is actually using 100 MHz external bus clock, but the equivalent speed is 200 MHz.
FFCCCC DDooCC ((DDeeccllaarraattiioonn ooff CCoonnffoorrmmiittyy))
The DoC is component certification standard of FCC EMI regulations. This standard allows DIY component (such as
motherboard) to apply DoC label separately without a shielding of housing.
FFCC--PPGGAA ((FFlliipp CChhiipp--PPiinn GGrriidd AArrrraayy))
FC means Flip Chip, FC-PGA is a new package of Intel for Pentium III CPU. It can plug into SKT370 socket, but require
motherboard to add some signals on socket 370. That is, the motherboard needs to be redesigned. Intel is going to ship
FC-PGA 370 CPU and phase out slot1 CPU.
FFllaasshh RROOMM
Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals. It is easier for BIOS to upgrade by a flash utility, but it is also easier to
be infected by virus. Because of increase of new functions, BIOS size is increased from 64KB to 256KB (2M bit). AOpen AX5T is
the first board to implement 256KB (2Mbit) Flash ROM. Now flash ROM size is moving to 4M bit on AX6C (Intel 820) and MX3W
(Intel 810) motherboard. , AOpen motherboard uses EEPROM for jumper-less and battery-less design.
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FFSSBB ((FFrroonntt SSiiddee BBuuss)) CClloocckk
FSB Clock means CPU external bus clock.
CPU internal clock = CPU FSB Clock x CPU Clock Ratio
2
2
I
I
CC BBuuss
See SMBus.
IIEEEEEE 11339944
IEEE 1394 is a low-cost digital interface originated by Apple Computer as a desktop LAN and developed by the IEEE 1394
working group. The IEEE 1394 can transport data at 100, 200 or 400 Mbps. One of the solutions to connect digital television
devices together at 200 Mbps. Serial Bus Management provides overall configuration control of the serial bus in the form of
optimizing arbitration timing, guarantee of adequate electrical power for all devices on the bus, assignment of isochronous
channel ID, and notification of errors. There are two type of IEEE 1394 data transfer: asynchronous and isochronous.
Asynchronous transport is the traditional computer memory-mapped, load and store interface. Data requests are sent to a
specific address and an acknowledgment is returned. In addition to an architecture that scales with silicon technology, IEEE
1394 features a unique isochronous data channel interface. Isochronous data channels provide guaranteed data transport at a
pre-determined rate. This is especially important for time-critical multimedia data where just-in-time delivery eliminates the need
for costly buffering.
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PPaarriittyy BBiitt
The parity mode uses 1 parity bit for each byte, normally it is even parity mode, that is, each time the memory data is updated,
parity bi t will be adjusted to have ev en count " 1" for ea ch byte. W hen next t ime, if m emory is r ead with odd numbe r of "1", th e
parity error is occurred and this is called single bit error detection.
PPBBSSRRAAMM ((PPiippeelliinneedd BBuurrsstt SSRRAAMM))
For Socket 7 CPU, one burst data read requires four QWord (Quad-word, 4x16 = 64 bits). PBSRAM only needs one address
decoding time and automatically sends the remaining QWords to CPU according to a predefined sequence. Normally, it is
3-1-1-1, total 6 clocks, which is faster than asynchronous SRAM. PBSRAM is often used on L2 (level 2) cache of Socket 7 CPU.
Slot 1 and Socket 370 CPU do not need PBSRAM.
PPCC--110000 DDIIMMMM
SDRAM DIMM that supports 100MHz CPU FSB bus clock.
PPCC--113333 DDIIMMMM
SDRAM DIMM that supports 133MHz CPU FSB bus clock.
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PPCC--11660000 oorr PPCC--22110000 DDDDRR SSDDRRAAMM
Based on FSB frequency, the DDR SDRAM has 200MHz and 266MHz two type of working frequency. Because of DDR SDRAM
data bus is 64-bit, it provides data transfer bandwidth up to 200x64/8=1600MB/s, and 266x64/8=2100MB/s. Hence, the PC-1600
DDR SDRAM is working with 100MHz and PC-2100 DDR SDRAM is working with 133MHz FSB frequency.
PPCCII ((PPeerriipphheerraall CCoommppoonneenntt IInntteerrffaaccee)) BBuuss
Bus for the internal connection of peripheral devices, high-speed data channel between the computer and expansion card.
PPDDFF FFoorrmmaatt
A file format for electronic document, PDF format is independent from platform, you can read PDF file under Windows, Unix,
Linux, Mac … with different PDF reader. You can also read PDF file by web browser such as IE and Netscape, note that you
need to install PDF plug-in first (Included in Acrobat Reader).
PPnnPP ((PPlluugg aanndd PPllaayy))
The PnP specification suggests a standard register interface for both BIOS and operating system (such as Windows 95). These
registers are used by BIOS and operating system to configure system resource and prevent any conflicts. PnP BIOS or
operating system will automatically allocate the IRQ/DMA/Memory. Currently, almost all the PCI cards and most ISA cards are
already PnP compliant.
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PPOOSSTT ((PPoowweerr--OOnn SSeellff TTeesstt))
The BIOS self-test procedure after power-on, sometimes, it is the first or the second screen shown on your monitor during
system boot.
RRDDRRAAMM ((RRaammbbuuss DDRRAAMM))
Rambus is a memory technology that uses large burst mode data transfer. Theoretically, the data transfer should be high than
SDRAM
channel, and this channel may have maximum 32 RDRAM devices, no matter how many RIMM
. RDRAM is cascaded in channel operation. For Intel 820, only one RDRAM channel is supported, 16-bit data per
RRIIMMMM ((RRaammbbuuss IInnlliinnee MMeemmoorryy MMoodduullee))
184-pin memory module that supports RDRAM memory technology. A RIMM memory module may contain up to maximum of 16
RDRAM devices.
SSDDRRAAMM ((SSyynncchhrroonnoouuss DDRRAAMM))
SDRAM is one of the DRAM technologies that allow DRAM to use the same clock as the CPU host bus (EDO and FPM are
asynchronous and do not have clock signal). It is similar as PBSRAM
168-pin DIMM
and operates at 3.3V. AOpen is the first company to support dual-SDRAM DIMMs onboard (AP5V), from Q1 1996
sockets.
to use burst mode transfer. SDRAM comes in 64-bit
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