Antex electronic SX-3, SX-33B, SX-33E, SX-33 User Manual
SX-3 SX-33
SX-33b SX-33e
16-BIT PRO SOUND
Digital Audio Adapter
User's Manual
January 18, 1996
ANTEX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
16100 SOUTH FIGUEROA STREET
GARDENA, CALIFORNIA 90248
9000-2319-7006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION......................................................................1
ABOUT DIGITAL AUDIO..........................................................1
MINIMUM HARDWARE RECOMMENDED...............................6
ADAPTER INSTALLATION ......................................................6
JUMPER SETTINGS.....................................................6
CONNECTIONS............................................................8
DRIVER INSTALLATION..........................................................11
DISKS...........................................................................11
WINDOW S DRIVER INSTALLATION...........................12
WINDOW S DRIVER CONFIGURATION.......................12
DOS DRIVER INSTALLATION......................................14
CD-ROM DRIVER INSTALLATION (Z1/Z1e ONLY)......14
USING DOS DEMONSTRATION SOFTWARE: .......................15
PROBLEMS RUNNING THE DEMO.............................20
USING WINDOWS DEMONSTRATION SOFTWARE..............21
ANTEX MIXER.........................................................................25
MIXER BUSES..............................................................26
RECORD MODE...........................................................26
PLAY MODE (Feedthrough)..........................................26
MIXER DEVICES..........................................................26
UTILIZING DIGITAL AUDIO COMPRESSION UNDER
WINDOW S...............................................................................28
ISO/MPEG-1 BITRATES & FORMAT EXTENSIONS ...............38
FIGURES
Figure 1. Analog-to-Digital Conversion....................................3
Figure 2. Digital-to-Analog Conversion....................................5
Figure 3. Setting JP7 for audio IRQx 10..................................7
Figure 4. Setting JP5&6 to the audio I/O address & Z.WAV ad-
dress .................................................................................7
Figure 5. Z1, Z1e, SX-3, SX-33, SX-33b, SX-33e Connectors.9
Figure 6. DOS Demo Environment ..........................................16
Figure 7. The Antex Demo Window.........................................21
Figure 8. Message Box reporting an unavailable compression
format or an invalid sample rate.........................................22
Figure 9. File Open dialog box.................................................23
Figure 10. Antex Mixer.............................................................25
Figure 11. Z1/Z1e Connector Layout.......................................30
Figure 12. SX-3/33/33b/33e Connector Layout........................34
Figure 13. Jumper Number Conversion Table.........................37
INTRODUCTION
The Series 2 and 3 Digital Audio Adapters ar e IBM AT compatible
add-on boards which convert high fidelity analog signals to digital
data for storage t o, and r etrieval from, disk.
The Series 2 and 3 adapters sample two channels of audio f rom
7.35 kHz to 50kHz with 16 bit resolution. They incorporate Sigma
Delta technology with 64 times oversampling, providing superior
fidelity at greater than 80 dB signal-to-noise ratio.
ABOUT DIGITAL AUDIO
In professional circles, digit al audio has been with us for over 10
years. With t he advent of the compact disk in 1983, digital audio
has become commonplace as a consumer item. Few will argue
that digital audio has afforded an order of magnitude improvement
in overall sound quality and signal-to-noise ratio over the best
analog systems which preceded them. But just what is digital
audio, and where and how is it used?
It is possible to use digital data transmission techniques to t ransmit digital audio signals by wire or radio. However, this practice
has not yet become common due to the extremely wide signal
bandwidth required to transmit real- time digital audio sig nals. For
the present, digital audio techniq ues seem largely confined t o the
recording and playback of music and other audio signals where, in
a few short years, digital audio technology has all but replaced the
previous analog record/playback techniques. In the present decade we will see digital audio technology replace analog technology in most signal processing functions in both the professional
and consumer markets. It is also likely, particularly with the advent
of fiber optic cables, t hat digit al audio technolog y will be utilized in
the transmission of real-tim e audio signals on a widespread basis.
But what is digital audio?
1
In essence, digital audio is a technological process whereby an
analog audio signal (produced when sound waves in the air excite
a microphone) is first converted into a continuous stream of numbers (or digits). On ce in digital form, the signal is extremely immune to degradation caused by system noise or defects in the
storage or transmission medium (unlike previous analog systems). The digitized audio signal is easily r ecorded onto a variety
of optical or magnetic media, where it can be stored indefinitely
without loss. The digitized signal is then reconverted to an analog
signal by reversing the digitizing process. In digital audio record/playback systems, each of these two functions is performed
separately. In digital audio signal processing system s (where no
record/playback function occurs) both analog-t o-digit al and digitalto-analog conversion processes occur simultaneously. A variety of
techniques are possible, but the most comm on method by which
audio signals are processed digitally is known as linear pulse
code modulation, or PCM. Let's take a brief look at how PCM
works.
Converting an analog signal to digital is a twostage process, sampling and quantization. This
is illustrated in Figure 1. At regular intervals, a sample-and-hold circuit instantaneously
freezes the audio waveform voltage and holds it
steady while the quantizing circuit selects the
binary code which most closely represents the
sampled voltage. Most digital audio is based on
a 16-bit PCM system. This means that the quan-
16
tizer has 65,536 (2
) possible signal values to
choose from, each represented by a unique sequence of the ones and zeroes which make up the
individual code "bits" of the digital signal.
The number of these bits g enerated each second is a function of
sampling rate. At a relat ively low sampling rate of 8 k Hz (suitable
for voice) far fewer code bits ar e produced each second t han, for
example, at the 44.1 kHz sampling rate used for commercial
compact disks. For a two-channel stereo signal at a 44.1 kHz
sampling rate, some 1.4 million bits ar e generated each second.
2
Figure 1. Analog-to-Digital Conversion
That's about five billion bits per hour , which is why you'll need at
least an 800 Megabyte hard disk to record an hour of compact
disk quality music.
To visualize the analog-to-digital conversion process, ref er to Figure 1. At the top is one cycle of an analog input signal wave.
We've used a simple sine wave to make visualization easier. I n
this example, the signal has a peak-to- peak amplit ude of 20 units,
measured by the scale on the left. The sampling frequency is
many times higher than the signal being sampled and is shown
along the bottom of Figure 1. Once for each cycle of the sampling
frequency, the sample-and-hold circuit "slices" the input signal,
allowing the quantizing circuit to g enerate a (dig ital) num ber equal
to the closest (of the 65,536 possible discr ete values) q uantization
value of the input signal at the time the sample is taken. This r epeats for each successive cycle of the sampling frequency and
3
the quantizer generates a continuous "bit stream" which represents the quantized signal. The continuous st ream of digital audio
information is converted into a digitally modulated signal using a
technique known as linear pulse code modulation.
Digital-to-analog conversion (used in playback) is the exact opposite of the analog-to digit al conversion process and is illustrated in
Figure 2.
In digital-to-analog conversion, t he PCM bitstream is converted at
the sampling frequency to a continuously changing series of
quantization levels which are individual "steps" of discrete voltage
equal to the quantization levels in the analog-to-digital process.
The shape of this continuously changing stream of quantization
levels approximates the shape of the original wave. This is shown
in the top half of Figure 2. This signal is then passed through a
low-pass filter, which removes the digital "switching noise." The
end result, shown in the bottom half of Figure 2 is an analog output signal whose waveshape is a very close approximation of the
original analog input signal.
The foregoing is a very brief and, of necessity, oversimplif ied explanation of how digital audio works. For the interested reader,
the book Principles of Digital Audio by Ken C. Pohlmann, copyright 1985 by Howard W. Sam s , is highly recommended.
4
Figure 2. Digital-to-Analog Conversion
5
MINIMUM HARDWARE RECOMMENDED
! 12MHz 386 PC or compatible
! 28mSec average access hard disk
! 1:1 Interleave hard disk controller
! Mouse
! VGA display
ADAPTER INSTAL LATION
Make sure the main power to your computer is OFF. You will
need a full-size, 16 bit/AT slot. If you are unfamiliar with the internal design of your computer see its "Guide to Oper ations" manual
for step by step installation procedures.
Read JUMPER SETTINGS and CONNECTIONS for information
about configuring t he adapt er before plugging it into the slot.
JUMPER SETTINGS
The jumpers on the Z1, Z1e, SX-3, SX-33, SX-33b and SX-33e
have been preset at the factory to insure proper operation for
multimedia testing. Ref er to Figures 11 & 12 in the back of the
manual for the jumper locat ions.
NOTE:These jumper numbers correspond to Z1/Z1e boards
marked 9000-2319-300x and SX-3/SX-33 9000-2334-300x
boards. Refer to Figur e 13 for setting jumpers on earlier versions.
The interrupt is currently set to 10 by the JP7 j umper, but may be
changed to 2, 3, 5, 7, or 11 if t he W indows drivers are configured
accordingly. Figure 3 illustrates the use of JP7.
6
2 3 5 7 10 11
""""""
""""""
""
Figure 3. Setting JP7 for audio IRQx 10
The I/O address is set to 380h, but may be changed to 180h,
220h, or 280h via jumpers JP5 and JP6. Figure 4 illustrates the
use of JP5 & 6.
NOTE:For the Z1, Z1e, SX-3, SX-33, SX-33e -The Z.WAV address shown is always used, even if no Z.WAV is present.
"
"
JP5
"
"
JP6
AUDIO I/O
ADDRESS
Z.WAV
MPU-401 ADDRESS
X X 180h DISABLED
X - 220h 300h
- X 280h 320h
- - 380h 330h
NOTE: "X" indicates an enabled jumper
Figure 4. Setting JP5&6 to the audio I/O address &
Z.WAV address .
For Z1/Z1e only:
The joystick is enabled, but may be disabled by removing
the jumper from JP4.
The SCSI is enabled, but may be disabled by removing the
jumper from JP3. The address of the SCSI interface is
preset to CE00, but may be changed to CA00, C800, or
DE00 using JP1 and JP2.
7
If you are connecting a SCSI CD-ROM to a Z1e board
(marked F2319-4 Rev A or B) under Windows NT, use
Windows NT driver V0.8e or lat er.
If a Z-Wave is installed, the MPU-401 address is set by
JP5 & 6 (Note that these jumpers simultaneously set the
Audio I/O address). The available addresses are 300h,
320h and 380h(default). Figure 4 shows how the MPU401 address is selected.
CONNECTIONS
There is a five pin internal CD ROM header for connecting a
Z1/Z1e to audio output of a CD-ROM. A 50-pin header is provided on the Z1/Z1e for connecting to an int ernal SCSI CD-ROM.
For more information about the configuration of these and other
headers located internally on the Z1, Z1e, SX-3, SX-33, SX-33b
and SX-33e, refer to the Connector Descriptions, Figures 11 & 12,
in the back of the manual.
When the int ernal modifications are completed, push the adapter
firmly into an expansion slot. Take care not to bend or break any
components. The adapter should be seated firmly and the brack et
should be flush with, and secured to, the support rail along the
back edge of the computer .
Now make the connections at the back of the adapter, such as
audio input, output, microphone, etc. Refer to Figure 5 for these
connector locations on the Z1, Z1e, SX-3, SX -33, SX-33b and SX33e.
8
Z1/Z1e
SX-3/SX-33/SX-33e
LINE IN
MICROPHONE
CD/AUX
OUTPUT
15-PIN JOYSTICK
CONNECTOR
LINE IN
MICROPHONE
CD/AUX
OUTPUT
Figure 5. Z1, Z1e, SX-3, SX-33, SX- 33b, SX- 33e Connectors.
Audio connections are made via 4 stereo mini-phone jacks
mounted on the bracket end. From top to bottom, the j ack functions are LINE IN, MIC IN, AUX/CD-ROM IN (SX-3/SX-33/
SX-33b/SX-33e is AUX IN only), and O UT (powered).
In addition, the Z1/Z1e has a 15-pin D connector located on the
bottom end of the brack et for MIDI and joystick connections. This
connector is compatible with a MediaVision joystick/midi breakout
box.
9
Audio Input:
Line:
Stereo 1/8" mini plug, 1 VRMS (2.83 Vpp) max, with an
impedance of 10K ohms.
Microphone:
Stereo 1/8" mini plug, 10 mVRMS max, with an im pedance
of 10K ohms.
Aux/ CD-ROM Input (SX-3/SX-33/ SX-33b/SX-33e is AUX
only):
Stereo 1/8" mini plug, 1 VRMS(2.83 Vpp)m ax, with an impedance of 10K ohms.
Audio Output:
1/8" Stereo mini plug, 1 VRMS max into 8 ohms.
MIDI/Joystick Breakout Connector ( Z1/Z1e Only):
DB-15 female
When adapter installation is complete and all audio connections
have been made, the computer power switch may be turned on.
10
DRIVER INSTALLATION
DISKS
Disk 1. The "WINDOWS DRIVERS" disk contains Windows
drivers and applications (Note: The DOS 3.2/Windows 2.0
drivers continue to come on a single disk):
••••
ANTEXWAV.DRV - Windows Wave Driver for SX3,
SX5e, SX7, SX9, SX11, SX12a, SX20, SX22, SX23e,
SX26, SX33, SX33e, Z1, Z1e
••••
SAPIZ1.DRV - OPL3 FM Synthesizer for Z1 and Z1e
••••
VAPIZ1.DRV - YM3802 MIDI driver for Z1 and Z1e
••••
MIDIMAP.CFG - MidiMapper config file with Z1 and
Z1e specific maps
••••
ANTE XMIX .EX E, MMMIX ER.D LL - Antex Mixer Applet
and DLL
••••
ANTEXDEM.EXE - Antex Demo
••••
OEMSETUP.INF - Windows definition file for manual
driver installation
••••
SETUP.EXE and supporting files - W indows driver installation utility
••••
README.TXT (optional) - Windows information
11
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