Andrew Wireless Innovations Group TFAM1719 Users Manual

5. Rack-based Master Unit

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5.1. TPRNx4 subrack

TPRN

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Module name:

Major TPRN features

The TPRNx4 is a 19”subrack where all the Britecell Plus plug-in modules can be inserted. Britecell Plus equipment provides a wide variety of these sub-rack models differentiated by power supply. Each one is provided with:

• 12 free slots, each with Height=4HE, Width=7TE

• Power supply 220 Vac or -48 Vdc

• Locally or remotely connectable through:

¾ RS232 serial port ¾ RS485 two-wire bus ¾ sub-D 15 pin male-connector

• Internal microcontroller for I2CBUS alarm collection

• Manual reset button, able to re-initialize both the inserted modules and the

TPRN microcontroller

• Manual stand-by button, able to re-initialize the inserted modules, while keeping the TPRN microcontroller working.

Fig. 5.1: Front view of the TPRN sub-rack with power supply and communication ports on the back

Fig. 5.2: Back view of the TPRN subrack with power supply and communication ports on the back

RS232

port

Subrack

TPRNx4

RS485

ports

sub D 15

connector

buttons

Power supply (picture shows 220Vac version)

TPRN

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F

TPRN models

A brief description of all the available TPRN sub-racks is reported hereinafter.

Passive sub-rack (TPRN04)

• TPRN04 is a passive sub-rack. It does not provide power supply to any inserted module, and therefore it is designed to host passive modules only. It can be useful in a multi-sub-rack system, in case the customer decides to put all the active modules in an active sub-rack, to be chosen among the following ones.

220 Vac powered sub-racks (TPRN14 / TPRN24)

• TPRN14 is an active sub-rack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. Both the connector for 220Vac power supply and the communication ports are placed on the sub-rack rear. The 220 Vac power supply is not redundant (ie, no spare adapter is provided).

• TPRN24 is an active sub-rack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. Both the connector for 220Vac power and the communication ports are placed on the sub-rack rear, and the 220 Vac power supply is redundant: i.e., a spare adapter guarantees the correct system operations even in case the main 220Vac adapter has a breakdown.

TPRN

-48Vdc powered sub-rack (TPRN34)

• TPRN34 is an active sub-rack designed to be fed through –48 Vdc negative supply. Both the connector for -48Vdc power supply and the communication ports are placed on the sub-rack rear.

TPRN power supply

All the TPRN models refer to one of the following power supplies.

Universal mains

(85 to 264Vac, 50/60Hz).

This connector is mounted on the TPRN back panel either for the redundant version or the simple one. A ground terminal and a couple of fuses are also included. Fuses have to be replaced in case they fail (when it happens the supervision system detects the failure).

Fig. 5.3: 85 to 264Vac connector

uses

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7

-48 Vdc

)

(-72 to -36 Vdc)

This connector is mounted on TPRN back panel. A fuse is provided underneath the –48 Vdc connector, and has to be replaced in case it fails (when it happens the supervision system detects the failure).

black terminal: 0V blue terminal:-72 to -36Vdc

Fig. 5.4: -72÷-36Vdc connector

Whatever power supply is chosen (85 to 264 Vac or -72 to 36 Vdc) an additional external ground terminal is provided on the TPRN rear (fig. 5.5).

Fig. 5.5: ground terminal on the rear

The external power supply (220Vac or -48Vdc) is converted into a +12Vdc voltage allowing feeding the active modules inserted into the TPRN.

TPRN ports

The TPRN sub-rack is provided with a set of I/0 ports which allows the connection to any external device.

RS232 serial port

The RS232 serial port can be used to connect the TPRN sub-rack to the remote supervision unit or to a laptop running LMT software. Please note that a standard RS232 cable is needed.

The connection baud rate can be set to 9600bps or 19200bps, by properly setting the dip-switch 5 standing on the interior TPRN backplane (fig. 5.6). The baud rate setting through dip-switch 5 is shown in table 5.1.

Baud-rate dip-switch (5)

RS485-addressing dip-switches (1-4

Fig. 5.6: Dip-switches on TPRN backplane.

TPRN

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g

p

-

TPRN

Baud rate [bps] Dip-switch 5

9600 OFF

19200 ON

Table 5.1: Setting RS232 baud

rate throu

h di

switch 5

Whichever baud rate you choose through dip-switch 5, remember that:

• the same RS232 connection speed must be set up on the remote supervision unit

• the baud rate which is selected through the dip-switch 5 sets the connection speed for both the RS232 port and the RS485 port as the TPRN uses both ports with the same rate.

RS485 port

The RS485 port consists of two RJ45 connectors, which can both work as input or output ports towards a RS485 bus.

This RS485 bus has to be used in order to connect a multi sub-rack system to the remote supervision unit. In this case:

• the TPRN sub-racks have to be connected one another via RS485 bus

in a daisy chain;

• In order to monitor the whole system, the remote supervision unit has

to be connected to one of the TPRN sub-racks through RS232 port.

Before connecting the TPRN sub-racks belonging to a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign an exclusive binary address to each one. This is essential in order to let the supervision system recognize the different master units without any conflict.

The binary address assignment can be done through dip-switches 1,2,3,4, which stand on interior TPRN backplane (see figure 5.6). A list of the correspondences between the addresses and the dip-switches is provided by table 5.2: simply note that dip-switch 1 is the least significant binary digit, while dip-switch 4 is the most significant one.

Address Dip-switch 1 Dip-switch 2 Dip-switch 3 Dip-switch 4

0001 ON OFF OFF OFF 0010 OFF ON OFF OFF 0011 ON ON OFF OFF 0100 OFF OFF ON OFF 0101 ON OFF ON OFF 0110 OFF ON ON OFF 0111 ON ON ON OFF 1000 OFF OFF OFF ON 1001 ON OFF OFF ON 1010 OFF ON OFF ON 1011 ON ON OFF ON 1100 OFF OFF ON ON 1101 ON OFF ON ON 1110 OFF ON ON ON

Table 5.2: Dip-switches address settings

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The baud rate of the RS485 ports is the same of the RS232 port as per the dip-switch 5 setting.

Whichever baud rate you choose, remember that:

• the same RS485 connection speed has to be set up on all the connected device (TPRN sub-racks or TSUN remote supervision unit);

• the baud-rate which is selected through the dip-switch 5 sets the connection speed for both the RS485 port and the RS232 port.

Sub-D 15 poles male connector

The TPRN sub-rack provides a sub-D 15 poles male connector, shown in fig.

5.7.

PIN 1

PIN 8

Fig. 5.7: sub-D 15 poles

male connector

PIN Name Meaning

Ground It is a ground terminal for digital inputs, i.e. for pin 2, 3, 9, 10.

1

Digital input n.1

2

(SW assignable)

Digital input n.2

3

(SW assignable)

Disconnected pin No meaning

4

Summary of

5,6

major alarms

Summary of

7,8

minor alarms

Digital input n.3

9

(SW assignable)

Digital input n.4

10

(SW assignable)

Disconnected pin No meaning

11

Digital output n.1

12,13

(SW assignable)

Digital output n.2

14,15

(SW assignable)

Tab. 5.3: Functional description of pins provided by sub D male connector.

This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal.

These pins present an open circuit if a major alarm is active on the TPRN subrack or on any module hosted in it.

These pins present an open circuit if a minor alarm is active on the TPRN subrack or on any module hosted in it. This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal. This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal.

These pins are terminals of an output port (output relay 1), which can be driven through the supervision system. The output port can be set to “open” or “close” condition. These 2 statuses can be used to pilot any external device connected to subD-15 connector. These pins are terminals of an output port (output relay 2), which can be driven through the supervision system. The output port can be set to “open” or “close” condition. These 2 statuses can be used to pilot any external device connected to subD-15 connector.

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As highlighted in the previous table, this connector provides:

• 4 opto-isolated input ports which can be used to reveal any failure condition on external equipment. The default status of these input ports can be defined through the supervision system. After that, any change from default status will be revealed as a failure signal.

• a summary of major and minor alarms related to failures detected not only on the TPRN sub-rack, but also on any active modules hosted by the TPRN itself.

TPRN

• 2 relay output ports, which be can used to drive any external device connected to subD-15 pins adapter. By using the supervision system each of these output ports can set up on “open” or “close” conditions.

A more detailed description of the meaning and functionality of each pin are reported in table 8. The pins are numbered from left to right, and from top to bottom (refer to fig. 18).

: The TPRN sub-rack uses I2Cbus standard protocol to collect status and

Note alarm information from hosted modules. Thanks to that, the alarm summaries (provided through pins 5-6 and 7-8) report major and minor failures related not only to TPRN sub-rack but also to any hosted module.

TPRN alarms

A full description of all TPRN alarms is provided by the Supervision system.

The table 4.8 provides a brief description of the TPRN alarms, as they are reported by the LMT software o

ALARM

CODE

(TSUN

description)

Redundant supply active (only for redundant power supply versions)

Power Supply alarm

I2CBUS bus error

Temperature alarm

Aux input alarm nr0

Aux input alarm nr1

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

Backup power supply activated

There is a degradation on the power supply provided to the boards

Internal I2CBUS communication malfunction

Over-temperature alarm The device connected to the input alarm port 0 caused an alarm condition The device connected to the input alarm port 1 caused an alarm

ACTIVE

LED

YELLOW MAJOR Return the unit MINOR

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

YELLOW CRITICAL

YELLOW MINOR

RED CRITICAL

RED MAJOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check if the fault is on the unit (see supervision system). If not return the unit Check ventilation and environment

Check the status of the connected device

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

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condition

Aux input alarm nr2

Aux input alarm nr3

The device connected to the input alarm port 2 caused an alarm condition The device connected to the input alarm port 3 caused an alarm condition

RED MINOR

RED WARNING

Check the status of the connected device

Tab. 5.4: Description of the alarms of the TPRN subrack

Warning (recommended for system designing and installing)

Providing a correct heat dissipation

For a correct use of the TPRN sub-rack, it is important to verify that:

-

• the system is designed in order to put no more than 8 TFLN inside a TPRN sub-rack. This guarantees a proper heating dissipation for the system. In case you want to install more than 8 it is important to provide the sub-rack with a proper ventilation system;

• active and passive modules should be alternated as much as possible inside the TPRN sub-rack avoiding too many active cards being inserted close together;

• in case the system consists of more than one TPRN sub-rack, a minimum distance of 1 HE has to be kept between nearby TPRN subracks to ensure proper heat dissipation. The rack containing the TPRN sub-racks has to be large enough to guarantee this correct distance between master units.

Minimizing equipment costs

In order to reduce the cost of Britecell Plus equipment, a multi-sub-rack system should be designed according to the following guidelines:

• a passive sub-rack (TPRN04) may be used to house only passive modules;

• an active sub-rack (TPRN14, TPRN24, TPRN34) may be used to sustain all the active modules, and some of the passive ones (as stated above, it is advisable to alternate active and passive cards into an active subrack).

TPRN

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Setting the dip-switches in a multi sub-rack system

If you are installing a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign each subrack an exclusive binary address, by properly setting dip-switches 1,2,3,4 on the interior TPRN backplane (see fig. 5.6 and Tab.5.2). Dip-switch 5 has to be set on each TPRN sub-rack in order to fix the baud rate for RS485 and RS232 port. Connecting TPRNs through RS485 port is necessary when supervising the whole multi sub-rack system through the remote supervision unit (to be set at the same baud rate).

TPRN Installation

The TPRN kit provides:

• 1 TPRN sub-rack

TPRN

• 1 suitable power cord

• 1 standard RS232 cable (male-female), 2m

• 1 CD Manual

First of all insert the sub-rack into the cabinet and apply 4 screws (not provided) in order to fix it (fig. 5.8a). To have a correct TPRN installation, distance between the front door of the rack and the front side of the TPRN should be at least 15cm otherwise RF and optical cables can be damaged when cabinet door is closed.

Fig. 5.8(a): At each front-corner

the subrack is provided with a

screw in order to be fixed to the

Leave at least 1HE distance between two subracks in order to facilitate air circulation. Leave at least a 1HE free space between the bottom or the top of the cabinet and the TPRNs.

1HE

Fig. 5.8(b): Distance between subracks should be at least 1HE in

Connect the ground to the safety ground terminal. Then, connect the power supply connector to the mains.

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Power supply

Ground

terminal

Fig. 5.8(c) : Power supply and

ground terminals on the rear

side of the TPRN subrack

TPRN Start-up

Before switching on the TPRN sub-rack, make sure that:

• all expected modules have been inserted

• the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according

to what has been planned during system design

• every TFLN contained in the Master Unit has been connected to its TFAx remote units

• each TFAx remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas

• the remote supervision unit (if present) has been connected/housed

to/into the Master Unit

• different sub-racks have been connected each other via bus RS485 and each of them have different addresses

• the rack housing the TPRN is large enough to leave a minimum distance of 1HE between contiguous TPRN sub-racks

Remember that TFAx remote units have to be switched on before relevant Master Unit.

Once the TPRN sub-rack has been switched on, the system behaviour can be summarized as per the following steps:

• About 10sec after the TPRN sub-rack has been switched on, all TFLN modules housed in the TPRN itself begin a “discovery” phase in order to identify and collect status of the connected TFAx remote units. While the discovery phase is working (max. 4min. depending on the system complexity) each TFLN general alarm (i.e., LED “┌┘”) blinks, whereas the other TFLN LEDs go on showing the detected status.

Do not connect/disconnect any cable or piece of equipment until all TFLN modules have finished the discovery phase. This may result in failing the identification of TFAx. Anyway during the discovery phase, the whole system still works correctly as discovery process aims to collect information about TFAx but without affecting basic system functionalities.

TPRN

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TPRN

Note: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

• O

nce the discovery has finished, the general alarm (i.e. the LED “┌┘”) on each TFLN panel stops blinking and switches OFF (provided that the TFLN master optical TRX is not affected by a general failure).

TPRN troubleshooting

In case a TPRN sub-rack shows any problem a more detailed status and alarm description could be provided through the remote supervision unit.

A complete overview of TPRN alarms is reported in the previous Table 5.4.

The power supply degradation occurs in case the +12Vdc power falls below an in factory set threshold level. In this case, TPRN automatically turns to standby mode so that no over-current gets through the circuitry of hosted modules, thus preserving the system integrity. Once power supply has been repaired, the TPRN needs to be rebooted. In case the TPRN sub-rack is equipped with a redundant power supply (TPRN24), a degradation of the +12 Vdc power results in an automatic switching from main to spare converter. In case also redundant power supply degrades the TPRN automatically turns to stand-by mode. Once the power supply has been repaired the TPRN needs to be rebooted.

2

Cbus alarm occurs when TPRN sub-rack cannot communicate with one or

I more hosted module. Each TPRN slot is able to automatically detect the presence of a module inside the slot. If the module is detected but TPRN is not able to communicate with it through I

Note

: at commissioning remember to mask the unused slots through LMT software (please refer to the relevant manual for more infor mation) to avoid not significant alarm being switched on.

In order to carry out a troubleshooting procedure, please check LMT or supervision system handbooks.

2

Cbus alarm is activated.

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5.2. Master Optical TRX, TFLN

TFLN

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Module name:

Main tasks carried out by the TFLN module

Downlink (DL):

¾ RF-to-optical conversion of

the input RF signal

¾ Optical splitting: input RF

signal is split onto 4 optical outputs

Uplink (UL):

¾ Optical-to-RF conversion of the 4 input optical signals ¾ Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal to compensate

optical losses;

¾ RF combining of the 4 adjusted signals into a single RF output

Master Optical TRX

TFLN

UL RF Auxiliary

Output (SMB-m)

Status and Alarm LED

DL RF Auxiliary

Input (SMB-m)

UL RF Main

Output (SMA-f)

DL RF Main

Input (SMA-f)

TFLN

UL Optical Fibre

Adapters (SC-APC)

DL Optical Fibre

Adapters (SC-APC)

Fig. 5.9 . The TFLN Master Optical TRX

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RF ports

• 1 DL RF input port

• 1 auxiliary DL RF input port

• 1 UL RF output port

• 1 auxiliary UL RF output port

Note: nominal input levels required at RF ports is +10dBm (please refer to datasheet for further information), as well as RF outputs may require a power adjustment to fill within the BTS receiving range. In order to fulfil these requirements, external UL and DL attenuations may be

required (see TBSI module)

.

TFLN

Optical ports

• 4 DL optical output ports (SC/APC)

• 4 UL optical input ports (SC/APC)

TFLN visual alarms

The TFLN front panel is provided with 6 LEDs (see on the right), showing status and alarm information. LED meaning is reported on the rightward table. Further information about alarm status is delivered by Britecell Plus supervision system.

Note: In case the four TFLN optical output ports are not all connected to remote units, the unused ports must be properly masked at commissioning in order to avoid spurious alarms (please refer to LMT manual).

Fig. 5.10 :LED panel

on TFLN front side

Label LED colour Meaning

= Green

Red

┌┘

1

Red

2

Red

3

Red

4

Red

Power supply status OK General TFLN failure, it can be:

- TFLN laser failure

- UL or DL amplifier failure

- TFLN short circuit Low UL optical power received from remote unit 1 (fault in optical link 1 or remote unit 1 failure) Low UL optical power received from remote unit 2 (fault in optical link 2 or remote unit 2 failure)

Low UL optical power received from remote unit 3 (fault in optical link 3 or remote unit 3 failure)

Low UL optical power received from remote unit 4 (fault in optical link 4 or remote unit 4 failure)

Tab. 5.4: Meanings of the LEDs on TFLN front-side

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TFLN power supply

Each TFLN master optical TRX is supplied by the sub-rack back-plane (12V). The power consumption of each TFLN master optical TRX is 12W.

Warnings (to be read before the TFLN installation)

Dealing with optical output ports

• The TFLN master optical TRX contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.

Handling optical connections

• When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly that the optical fibre is not damaged. Optical fibres have to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.

• Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical connectors. Inserting any other connector will result in severe damages.

• Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5 cm. See fig. 19 for optimal fibre cabling.

• Remove adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave SC-APC adapters open, as they attract dust. Unused SC-APC adapters must always be covered with their caps.

• Do not touch the adapter tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting each connector into the sleeve. In case adapter tips need to be better cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol

Inserting or removing TFLN modules

• Do not remove or insert any TFLN module into TPRN sub-rack before having switched off main power supply.

• The TFLN modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive devices.

• When installing TFLN modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation.

WRONG

Fig. 5.11: Fibre Optic bending

OPTIMAL

TFLN

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TFLN

• In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper

RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

TFLN positioning

• In case no ventilation system is installed, do not insert more than 8 TFLN

modules into a sub-rack.

•

In case more than 8 TFLN modules have to be housed into a TPRN subrack, it’s advisable to install the TPRN sub-rack inside a rack with forced ventilation.

•

Take care to meet expected requirements on RF ports. An adjustable attenuator could be necessary when the power coming from the BTS exceeds the required levels to avoid damages in Britecell Plus circuitry or increase of spurious emissions.

TFLN installation

The TFLN master optical TRX is housed in a TPRN sub-rack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE height. A TFLN module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.

: In case a new TFLN module has

Note to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the sub-rack before inserting the plug-in TFLN module

Firstly, gently insert the TFLN in one of the 12 available slots, and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

Fig. 5.12: Screws to be fixed at the corners of the TFLN front side

Then connect the UL and DL RF cable to the TFLN UL and DL ports, respectively. Use a specific torque wrench to fix these RF cables to DL and UL ports.

Fig. 5.13: UL and DL RF cables are to be fixed by a torque wrench

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Remove the caps from TFLN optical ports and connect the SC-APC fibre optic cables to the ports. UL and DL cables coming from the same remote unit have to be connected to UL and DL ports marked by the same number on the TFLN front panel.

Fig. 5.14: Take off the caps and connect the fiber optics cables properly

As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the TFLN Start-Up section. Remember that remote units should be switched on before than the Master Unit in order to follow a correct Start-Up procedure.

TFLN start-up

Before the Master Unit is switched on, make sure that:

• all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit

• the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to

what planned in the system design

• every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to relevant remote units

• each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas

• the remote supervision unit, if present, has been connected to the Master

Unit

• different Master Units are connected each other via bus RS485

After that, remember that only when all the remote units are already on, the Master Unit itself can be turned on. Once the Master Unit has been switched on, the TFLN behaviour at system start-up can be summarized as per the following steps:

1. When Master Unit is turns on all the six LEDs upon the TFLN front panel go on for a couple of seconds. After that, the green LED remains on (indicating proper power supply) while the other LEDs indicate the master optical TRX status, according to the following table.

: In case unused optical ports of the TFLN have not been masked

Note through LMT yet, corresponding LEDs will be on. If so, wait for the end of step 3 (discovery phase) then use LMT to mask them (please refer to relevant handbook)

2. About 10 seconds after the system has been switched on, TFLN module begins a “discovery” phase to identify connected remote units. This operation is necessary to collect all the information to be provided to the supervision system.

TFLN

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TFLN

Label LED colour Status

= Green ON

(power supply is on)

┌┘

1 Red OFF

2 Red OFF

3 Red OFF

4 Red OFF

Red OFF

(no major failure affects TFLN operations)

(no major failure affects corresponding remote unit or UL connection)

Table 5.5: Status of the TFLN LEDs in full-working conditions

During the discovery phase the TFLN general alarm (LED

┌┘) blinks while the

other LEDs go on showing previously detected status. Time dedicated to discovery phase can be at maximum 4min and depends on system

complexity.

Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase. This may result in failing the identification of remote units. Please note that, while the discovery phase is running, the whole system is working correctly as discovery operations aim only to collect information about remote units without affecting the system functionalities.

: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or

Note the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

Once the discovery is finished, the TFLN general alarm (LED ┌┘) stops blinking and switches OFF. The power supply LED (green LED) remains on while LEDs 1,2,3,4 show either the status of the remote units or the quality of the UL connections. In case some of these LEDs remain on, check if they refer to unused optical ports or not. In this case use LMT software to mask it otherwise if they refer to connected remote units and remain on, please refer to troubleshooting procedure.

Removing a TFLN module

Switch off the Master Unit power supply, remove the SC-APC optical connectors, and insert the protection caps into TFLN optical ports. Then

• unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.

• put the removed TFLN card in its safety box.

• switch on again the Master Unit power supply, and refer to Start Up

section.

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TFLN troubleshooting

In case a TFLN master optical TRX has any problem, this will be easily revealed through LEDs on its front panels otherwise troubleshooting can be carried out through LMT or supervision system. LEDs on TFLN front panel detect not only failures of the TFLN board itself but they also reveals malfunctions located on related remote units.

ALARM CODE

(TSUN

description)

RX1 optical power fail

RX1 AGC out of range

RX2 optical power fail

RX2 AGC out of range

RX3 optical power fail

RX3 AGC out of range

RX4 optical power fail

RX4 AGC out of range

Major Remote Unit 1 Major Remote Unit 2 Major Remote Unit 3 Major Remote Unit 4

DL laser alarm

UL RF alarm

DL RF alarm

Board failure alarm Temperature alarm

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

The optical power received on the UL1 is too low and can’t no more be compensated The optical power received is under the allowed 3dB optical loss but it can be compensated The optical power received on the UL2 is too low and can’t no more be compensated The optical power received is under the allowed 3dB optical loss but it can be compensated The optical power received on the UL3 is too low and can’t no more be compensated The optical power received is under the allowed 3dB optical loss but it can be compensated The optical power received on the UL4 is too low and can’t no more be compensated The optical power received is under the allowed 3dB optical loss but it can be compensated

Alarm from RU1

Alarm from RU2

Alarm from RU3

Alarm from RU4

A fault occurs on the DL laser HW failure on the UL RF section HW failure on the DL RF section General failure on board Over-temperature alarm

Tab. 5.6: TFLN alarm description

ACTIVE

LED

RED

(LED1)

NONE MINOR

RED

(LED2)

NONE MINOR

RED

(LED3)

NONE MINOR

RED

(LED4)

NONE MINOR

RED

(LED1)

RED

(LED2)

RED

(LED3)

RED

(LED4)

RED (┌┘) MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

RED (┌┘) CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

RED (┌┘) MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE MINOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

CRITICAL

-

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check the UL1 fibre and the remote unit laser status

Clean optical connectors

Check the UL2 fibre and the remote unit laser status

Clean optical connectors

Check the UL3 fibre and the remote unit laser status

Clean optical connectors

Check the UL4 fibre and the remote unit laser status

Clean optical connectors

Check remote unit status Check remote unit status Check remote unit status Check remote unit status

Check ventilation and environment

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MAJOR

MINOR

MAJOR

MINOR

MAJOR

MINOR

MAJOR

MINOR

MAJOR

MINOR

TFLN

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TFLN

The previous table reports a brief description of the TFLN alarms, together with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs. As the table shows, LEDs on the TFLN front panel signal all high priority alarms while minor alarms, which detect critical situations which should be checked and tested in order to avoid future possible system faults, are only revealed by LMT or supervision system. Each TFLN is provided with an AGC system which compensates optical losses <3 dB. TFLN LED alarms switch on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. One of LEDs 1, 2, 3 or 4 might turn on not only to indicate a high optical loss detected by TFLN, but also to reveal a remote unit failure. Understanding the reason why one of LEDs 1, 2, 3 or 4 is on (a remote unit failure, an optical cable fault or an external equipment malfunction) can be done following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter.

Quick troubleshooting procedure

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.15a)

1. In case the TFLN general alarm (LED ┌┘) is on replace the faulty TFLN

master optical TRX with a new one and contact the manufacturer for assistance.

2. In case one of the LEDs 1, 2, 3 or 4 is on, the corresponding TFLN adapter might be dirty. Try cleaning it using pure ethyl alcohol. If the LED is still on go to the corresponding remote unit side and check the red LED upon TFAx warm side:

a. If it is off, the optical cables or the optical connections are

supposed to have some problem on UL path. Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting for more information (fig. 21).

b. If it is on, refer to remote unit troubleshooting presented in the

previous remote unit section

Fibre optic UL troubleshooting

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.15b)

1. Check if there is any point where the fibre experiences a small radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

2. Check if the SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLN and TFAx ports). If not fix better SC-SPC connectors to relevant adapters. If this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLN side and TFAx side) then reconnect the fibre to relevant ports. In case this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN UL port, and measure the output power P

(UL) at corresponding fibre end. Then, go

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to the TFAx side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFAx UL port and measure the input power P

(UL) coming out of the TFAx UL

IN

port.

5. Calculate the UL fibre attenuation A a. If A

> 4dB, the fibre optic cable has some problems or cable

UL

as: AUL [dB] = PIN(UL) – P

UL

path is too long. Replace it.

b. If A

< 4dB, then TFAx remote unit should be faulty. Before

UL

replacing it, check the TFAx status on supervision system and contact for assistance

OUT

(UL)

TFLN

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N

TFLN

start

Which red

LED is ON?

1, 2, 3 or 4

Clean corresponding SC-APC optical adapter and connector

Is red LED

upon TFLN

still ON?

Yes

No

Go to corresponding remote unit side

UL optical cables or optical connections are supposed to have some problems. Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting (fig. 5.15b)

Fig. 5.15 (a): Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure

Is any red LED

ON upon the

TFLN?

Yes

Replace the faulty TFLN

Is red LED

No

upon remote

unit ON?

Yes

Is red LED

upon remote

unit still ON?

Refer to remote unit troubleshooting

o

Yes

end

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User Manual

7

g

N

es

No

N

es

p

es

No

es

start

Is there any small

radius of curvature

Yes

of the fibre?

Rearrange the optical path in order to

avoid sharp bends. If necessary replace the optical cable with a

lon

er one.

o

Y

Is the red LED

o

upon TFLN still

ON?

Are SC-APC

connectors properly

installed at both fibre

ends?

Yes

Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both ends.

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN UL port.

Measure the output power

at the corresponding fibre end

o

Fix SC-APC connectors

properly to adapters.

Y

Is the red LED

upon TFLN still

ON?

Clean the optical SC-APC

orts both on TFLN and

TFAx side.

Go to the

Disconnect the optical TFAx side

from TFAx UL

Re-connect the

fibre to relevant

Y

Is the red LED

upon TFLN still

SC-APC connector

ort.

orts.

ON?

No

TFLN

Calculate the UL fibre attenuation:

[dB]=input power - output powe r

A

UL

Measure the input power entering

the fibre.

Is AUL > 4dB?

Y

The TFAx remote unit should be faulty. Before

replacing it, verify its status through supervision

Fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it.

end

system and contact for assistance.

Fig. 5.15 (b): Flow-chart describing the fibre optic UL troubleshooting

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5.3. Two-way Splitter/Combiner, TLCN2

TLCN2

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Module name:

Description:

The TLCN2, a bidirectional 2-way splitter/combiner, provides two identical combining sections for UL and DL which can be used:

¾ to combine 2 RF signals into a

common RF output

¾ to split an RF input into 2 RF output

signals

It is a passive wideband module.

RF ports:

• 1 DL common RF port (“C”)

• 2 DL splitted RF ports (“1”,“2”)

• 1 UL common RF port (”C”)

• 2 UL splitted RF ports (“1”,“2”)

: each port is bidirectional.

Note

2-way splitter/

/combiner

TLCN2

UL common RF port (SMA-f)

DL common RF

ort (SMA-f)

TLCN2 main applications

Main applications of the TLCN2 module are:

• Connecting a donor source to more than one TFLN master optical TRX, so that:

¾ TLCN2 splits the DL input coming

from a donor source into 2 output signals entering 2 different TFLN master optical TRX

¾ TLCN2 combines the UL inputs

coming from 2 TFLN master optical TRX into 1 common signal entering the donor source

• Connecting a TFLN master optical TRX to more than one donor source within the same service, so that:

¾ TLCN2 combines the two DL inputs coming from 2 donor sources into 1

output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX or a cross band coupler

¾ TLCN2 splits the UL input coming from TFLN master optical TRX or a

cross band coupler into 2 different output signals entering 2 different donor sources.

More TLCN2 modules can be used in cascade connections.

Fig. 5.16: TLCN2 splitter/combiner

DL splitted RF ports (SMA-f)

UL splitted RF ports (SMA-f)

TLCN2

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TLCN2 insertion loss

The TLCN2 insertion loss varies slightly with the frequency bands, as shown in table 5.7. When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLCN2 if present.

TLCN2 insertion loss

700-1400MHz 1400-2200MHz 2200-2500MHz

3.7 ± 0.4dB 4.1 ± 0.5dB 4.6 ± 0.4dB

Table 5.7: Insertion loss values within different frequency bands

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +24dBm

TLCN2 Installation

Since the TLCN2 module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which includes

 1 TLCN2  4 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 25cm, 2 x 35cm

2. Carefully insert the TLCN2 module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

TLCN2

3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. In case some ports remain unused remember to connect them to a 50 Ω load (not included)

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5.4. Four-way Splitter/Combiner TLCN4

TLCN4

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Description:

(SMA

)

The TLCN4, bidirectional 4-way splitter/combiner, provides two identical combining sections for UL and DL which can be used to:

¾ combine 4 RF signals into a common

RF output

¾ split an RF input into 4 RF output

signals

It is a passive wideband module.

4-way splitter/

RF ports:

• 1 DL common RF port (“C”)

• 4 DL splitted RF ports (labelled

“1”,“2”,“3”,“4”)

• 1 UL common RF port (”C”)

Module name:

/combiner

TLCN4

UL common RF port (SMA-f)

DL common RF port (SMA-f)

• 4 UL splitted RF ports (labelled “1”,“2”,“3”,“4”)

: each port is bidirectional.

Note

TLCN4 main applications

Main applications of the TLCN4 module are:

• Connecting a donor source to more than one TFLN master optical TRX, so that:

¾ TLCN4 splits the DL input coming

from a donor source into 4 output signals entering 4 different TFLN master optical TRX

¾ TLCN4 combines the UL inputs

coming from 4 TFLN master optical TRX into 1 common signal entering the donor source

• Connecting a TFLN master optical TRX to more than one donor source within the same service, so that:

¾ TLCN4 combines the two DL inputs coming from up to 4 donor

sources into 1 output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX

¾ TLCN4 splits the UL inputs coming from TFLN master optical TRX into

4 different output signals entering up to 4 different donor sources

More TLCN4 modules can be used in cascade connections.

Fig. 5.17: TLCN4 splitter/combiner

DL splitted RF

ports (SMA-f)

UL splitted RF

ports

-f

TLCN4 insertion loss

TLCN4

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The TLCN4 insertion losses vary slightly with the frequency bands, as shown in table 5.8. When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLCN4.

TLCN4 insertion loss

Table 5.8: Insertion loss values within different frequency bands

700-1400MHz 1400-2200MHz 2200-2500MHz

7.4 ± 0.4dB 8.0 ± 0.5dB 8.4 ± 0.4dB

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +24dBm

TLCN4 Installation

Since the TLCN4 module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TLCN4  8 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 1 x 18cm, 2 x 23cm, 2 x 28cm, 2 x 33cm,

1 x 36cm

TLCN4

2. Carefully insert the TLCN4 module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. In case some ports remain unused remember to connect them to a 50 Ω load (not included)

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5.5. RF Dual band Coupler TLDN

TLDN

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User Manual

p

)

Module name:

Description:

The TLDN is a passive RF dual band coupler designed to distribute signal within the master unit when coming from different bands. Main operations carried out are:

¾ in downlink it combines a low band RF signal (800MHz to 1000MHz) and

a high band RF signal (1700MHz to 2200MHz) into a common RF path

¾ in uplink it filters the composite signal into a low-band (800MHz to

1000MHz) and a high-band (1700MHz to 2200MHz) one.

It is a passive module.

RF dual-band coupler

TLDN

RF ports

• 1 UL common RF input port (“C”) for the combined UL signal

• 1 UL high- band RF

UL common RF

port (SMA-f)

DL common RF

port (SMA-f)

output port

• 1 UL low-band RF output port

• 1 DL common RF output port (“C”) for the

UL high-band RF

port (SMA-f)

DL high-band RF

port (SMA-f)

combined DL signal

• 1 DL high- band RF input

UL low-band RF

port (SMA-f)

DL low-band RF

ort (SMA-f

port

• 1 DL low-band RF input port

TLDN main

Fig. 5.18: The TLDN dual-band coupler

applications

Main applications of the TLDN module are:

• Connecting 2 donor sources with different services to one TFLN master optical TRX in a dual band system, so that:

¾ TLDN combines the DL inputs coming from the 2 different donor

sources (carrying different services) into an output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX

TLDN

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147

¾ TLDN filters the UL input coming from a TFLN master optical TRX

into 2 UL outputs entering 2 different donor sources (carrying different services)

TLDN insertion loss

TLDN insertion loss = 1.0 ± 0.5dB.

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLDN.

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +27dBm

TLDN Installation

Since the TLDN module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TLDN  2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 40cm

TLDN

2. Carefully insert the TLDN module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

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5.6. RF Tri band Coupler TLTN

TLTN

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User Manual

Module name:

Description:

The TLTN is a passive RF tri band coupler designed to distribute signal within the master unit when coming from different bands. Main operations carried out are:

¾ in downlink it combines a 800MHz to 1000MHz, a 1700MHz to 2000MHz

signal and a 2000MHz to 2200MHz signal into a single RF path

¾ in uplink it filters a composite signal into a 800MHz to 1000MHz, a

1700MHz to 2000MHz signal and a 2000MHz to 2200MHz one.

It is a passive module.

RF tri-band coupler

TLTN

RF ports

• 1 DL common RF output port (“C”) for the combined DL signal

• 1 DL 2000MHz to 2200MHz RF input port

• 1 DL 1700MHz to 2000MHz RF input port

• 1 DL 800MHz to 1000MHz RF input port

• 1 UL common RF input port (“C”) for the combined UL signal

• 1 UL 2000MHz to 2200MHz RF output port

• 1 UL 1700MHz to 2000MHz RF output port

• 1 UL 800MHz to 1000MHz RF output port

UL common RF

port (SMA-f)

UL 2000 to 2200MHz

RF port (SMA-f)

UL 1700 to 2000MHz

RF port (SMA-f)

UL 800 to 1000MHz

RF port (SMA-f)

Fig. 5.19: The TLTN tri-band coupler

DL common RF

port (SMA-f)

DL 2000 to 2200MHz

RF port (SMA-f)

DL 1700 to 2000MHz

RF port (SMA-f)

DL 800 to 1000MHz

RF port (SMA-f)

TLTN main applications

Main applications of the TLTN module are:

• Connecting 3 donor sources with different services to one TFLN master optical TRX in a tri band system, so that:

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151

¾ TLTN combines the DL inputs coming from 3 different donor sources

(carrying different services) into an output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX

¾ TLTN filters the UL input coming from the TFLN master optical TRX

into 3 UL outputs entering 3 different donor sources (carrying different services)

TLTN insertion loss

TLTN insertion loss = 3.0 ± 0.5dB

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLTN.

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +27dBm

TLTN Installation

Since the TLTN module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TLTN  2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 40cm

TLTN

2. Carefully insert the TLTN module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

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153

5.7. RF Duplexer, TDPX

TDPX

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User Manual

X

Module name:

Description:

TDPX is a frequency dependent duplexer that combines downlink and uplink signals while maintaining isolation and stability. This board has been designed to support where the source is duplexed.

RF tri-band coupler

TDP

RF ports

• 1 DL RF output port

• 1 UL RF input port

• 1 common RF port

(“C”) for UL and DL combined signals

RF port for combined

UL and DL signals

TDPX main

applications

The TDPX main application is to

connect the duplexed antenna port of the donor source to the Britecell Plus system.

TDPX combines/ /splits the DL and UL signals coming from the donor port into two separated ports

Fig. 5.20: The TDPX duplexer

DL RF port

UL RF port

TDPX insertion loss

The TDPX insertion losses are described in table 5.9.

TDPX UL insertion loss TDPX DL insertion loss

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion losses of the TDPX.

Table 5.9: Insertion loss values of the TDPX module

UMTS 2100MHz All other bands

2.0 ± 0.5dB 7.0 ± 0.5dB

2.0 ± 0.5dB 3.3 ± 0.5dB

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155

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +30dBm.

As the module is band dependent be sure to choose the right single band version.

TDPX Installation

Since the TDPX module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TDPX  2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 35cm

2. Carefully insert the TDPX module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables to common, UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

TDPX

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5.8. Base station Interface TBSI

TBSI

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User Manual

Module name:

Description

The TBSI module adjusts the signal level between the donor source and the Britecell Plus system. It has 2 independent variable attenuators to adjust both uplink and downlink separately (please refer to BriteTool manual to understand how to calculate the right value of attenuation through BriteTool software)

Base station interface

TBSI

RF ports

• 1 DL RF input port

DL RF input port (from donor source)

• 1 DL RF output port (attenuated signal)

DL attenuation knob

• 1 UL RF input port

• 1 UL RF output port

(attenuated signal)

DL RF output port (to master unit)

The attenuation required both on DL and UL can be properly set through

UL RF input port (from master unit)

relevant knobs (30dB range, 1dB step).

UL attenuation knob

TBSI main

applications

Main applications of the TBSI module are:

• adjusting RF levels coming to/from a donor source:

¾ TBSI adjusts the

DL signal to meet the required power level at TFLN DL RF input

¾ TBSI adjusts the RF UL signal coming from TFLN master optical TRX

in order to meet the desired requirements about blocking level and receiver sensitivity to the donor source

Fig. 5.21: The TBSI base station interface

UL RF output port (to donor source)

TBSI insertion loss

The TBSI insertion losses are described in table 5.10:

TBSI insertion loss

Table 5.10: Insertion loss values of the TBSI module

800MHz to 2000MHz 2000MHz to 2200MHz

< 1dB < 1.3dB

TBSI

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159

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TBSI.

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +30dBm

TBSI Installation

Since the TBSI module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TBSI  2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 1 x 35cm, 1 x 45cm

2. Carefully insert the TBSI module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. Set proper attenuation values.

TBSI

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5.9. Power Limiter TMPx-10

TMPX

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User Manual

)

Module name:

Description

The TMPx-10 power limiter monitors the downlink input power and attenuates it by 10dB above a predetermined set point. The threshold is programmable through the supervision system. TMPx-10 power limiter is available in two versions, one suitable for GSM DL (800 to 1000MHz or 1800 to 2000MHz) and the other for UMTS 2100MHz DL.

Power Limiter

TMPx-10

RF ports

• 1 DL RF input port

• 1 DL RF output port

DL RF input port (from donor source

TMP main applications

Main applications of the TMP

DL RF output port (to master unit

module are:

• Check DL RF level coming from a donor source in order to protect the system if the level exceeds a specified threshold.

TMP visual alarms

The TMP front panel is provided with 3 LEDs (see on the right) showing status and alarm information

LED meaning is reported on the rightward table. Further information about alarm status are delivered by Britecell Plus supervision

system

Label LED colour Meaning

Power Green Power supply status OK

Alarm Red

Fig. 5.23: The LED panel

on the TMP front-side

Warning Red

Fig. 5.22: The TBSI base station interface

It can be:

- TMP power supply alarm

- RF input overdrive It can be:

- temperature alarm

- no RF signal at the input port

Tab. 5.11: Summary of TMP LEDs meaning

TMPX

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TMP power supply

Each TMPx-10 power limiter is supplied by the sub-rack back-plane (+12V). The power consumption of each TMPx-10 is 2W max

TMP insertion loss

TMP insertion loss < 1.7dB.

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TMP.

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +35dBm.

Inserting or removing TMP modules

• Do not remove or insert any TMP module into TPRN sub-rack before having switched off main power supply.

• The TMP modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive devices.

• When installing TMP modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation.

• In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper

RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

TMP installation

The TMP power limiter can be accomodated in any of the 12 slots of a TPRN active sub-rack.

: In case a new TMP module has to be installed in a still working Master

Note Unit, switch off the sub-rack before inserting the plug-in TMP module

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TMP  1 RF jumper (SMA-m), 35cm

TMPX

2. Carefully insert the TMP module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and

lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific

torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. Switch on the sub-rack. As you switch on the system, carefully refer to

the TFLN Start-up section.

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Removing a TMP module

Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then

• unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.

• put the removed TMP card in its safety box.

• switch on again the Master Unit power supply and refer to TFLN Start-up

section.

TMP troubleshooting

In case a TMP power limiter has any problem, this will be easily revealed through LEDs on its front panel otherwise troubleshooting can be carried out through LMT or supervision system.

ALARM CODE

(TSUN

description)

Power supply alarm

Temperature alarm Over-temperature alarm

RF Input overdrive

RF Input No signal

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

UPS HW failure or malfunction. RF is turned OFF

The input signal has exceeded the threshold No RF signal at the input port

ACTIV E LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

YELLO

W

RED WARNING

YELLO

W

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

MINOR

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check ventilation and environment Check the RF input signal Check the RF input signal

Tab. 5.12:Description of the TMP alarms

The previous table reports a brief description of the TMP alarm, together with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs. Understanding why one LED is on can be done following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter.

Quick troubleshooting procedure

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 22)

1. In case the TMP red led is on and the green led is off there is a problem on the power supply.

a. Check the TPRN sub-rack and if it is switched off, switch it on. b. If the sub-rack is switched on, check the backplane power supply

connector to verify if the +12Vdc is provided to the TMP module. If not there is a fault on the TPRN backplane and you need to return the sub-rack.

c. Otherwise the TMP power supply section is faulty. Return the

unit.

2. In case the TPM red and green leds are on, the RF level at the input port has exceeded the specified threshold. Decrease the RF signal or change the threshold.

3. In case the yellow led is on, check the RF input level

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

MAJOR

MINOR

TMPX

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165

N

p

a. If there isn’t any RF signal at the input, check if the RF cable is

connected at the input port. If it’s connected check the power coming out from the donor source.

b. Otherwise the temperature range is not within the specified

range, change the temperature range or provide proper air flow.

Is red

start

No

LED ON upon

Yes

any RF input

the TMP?

No

Is yellow

the TMP?

Is there

level?

Yes

Problem on power supply

No

Is green

LED OFF upon

the TMP?

Yes

Is

TPRN sub-rack

switched on?

Yes

Check TPRN

backplane

power supply

No

o

RF level @ input port has exceeded the threshold. Check the RF signal.

Switch on

the sub-rack

Is red

LED ON and

green OFF?

Yes

TMPX

Check if the

temperature is

within the

s

ecified range.

Fig. 5.24: Flow-chart describing the troubleshooting procedure

Check the RF input level and if the RF cable

is connected

Is +12Vdc

provided?

o

TPRN backplane

is faulty. Return

the TPRN

No

TMP power supply

section is faulty.

Return the TMP.

end

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TWLI

5.10. Wi-Fi Local Interface, TWLI

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User Manual

Module name:

Description

Britecell Plus system allows distributing WLAN service (802.11b and g) through the auxiliary channel while concentrating all the Access Points together with the central equipment. The TWLI module allows connecting up to 3 Access Points to one TFLN master optical TRX and setting up to 4dB attenuation, if needed, on the DL path.

RF ports

• 3 DL RF input ports receiving signals from up to 3 different Access Points

• 1 DL RF output port to the TFLN auxiliary port

• 1 UL RF input port from the TFLN auxiliary port

• 3 UL RF output ports sending signals to up to 3 different Access Points

4dB attenuation range is available on the DL path in order to adjust levels coming from the Access Points.

DL RF output to TFLN

UL RF input from TFLN

Wi-Fi Local Interface

TWLI

DL RF input

from Access Points 1 to 3

Attenuation setting buttons

UL RF output

to Access Points 1 to 3

Fig. 5.25: The TWLI wi-fi

local interface

TWLI main applications

Main applications of the TWLI module are:

• providing to the TFLN the WLAN signals coming from up to 3 Access Points concentrated on the equipment room.

TWLI power supply

Each TWLI WLAN interface module is supplied by the sub-rack back-plane (+12V). The power consumption of each TWLI is 2W max.

TWLI

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TWLI

Warnings

The overall input power must not exceed +19dBm The TWLI modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive devices.

Inserting or removing TWLI modules

• Do not remove or insert any TWLI module into TPRN sub-rack before having switched off main power supply.

• The TWLI modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive devices.

• When installing TWLI modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation.

• In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper

RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

TWLI installation

The TWLI WLAN local interface can be accomodated in any of the 12 slots of a TPRN active sub-rack.

: In case a new TWLI module has to be installe d in a still working M aster

Note Unit, switch off the sub-rack before inserting the plug-in TWLI module

1. Unpack the kit which include

 1 TWLI  2 RF jumpers (SMA-m; SMB-f), 2 x 40cm

2. Carefully insert the TWLI module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and

lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific

torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. Switch on the sub-rack. As you switch on the system, carefully refer to

the TFLN Start-up section.

Removing a TWLI module

Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then

• unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.

• put the removed TWLI card in its safety box.

• switch on again the Master Unit power supply and refer to TFLN Start-up

section.

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TILx

(intro)

5.11. Interconnect Link (i-link)

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W

(b)

Module name:

5.11.1. Introduction

Interconnect link

the interconnect link is a set of modules which allows to expand the system by connecting a second Britecell Plus subrack station to the main one, at a distance of up to 20 km. By using more interconnect links at the main station, more Britecell Plus stations could be connected to the main one, in a star configuration.

Each interconnect link (i-link) is made up by a master-side and by a slaveside. Both the master side and the slave side are composed by a receiver module and by a transmitter module (please refer to fig. 5.26, 5.27): the transmitter modules are identified by the code TDTX, while the receiver module is identified as TMRX at the master side and as TSRX at the slave side.

The interconnect link is available both in simple version (identified as TILx-HL) and in WDM version (identified as TILx-HLW). A WDM i-link exploits the same fibre to transmit both from master to slave and vice-versa (please refer to fig.

5.28b), while the simple link uses a dedicate fiber for the transmission from master to slave, and a different one for the transmission from slave to master (please refer to fig. 5.28a).

The following four section will describe in details the i-link modules both in WDM and not-WDM version.

t

(a)

Fig. 5.26: i-link modules: (a) master side; (b) slave-side.

Fig. 5.27: WDM i-link modules: (a) master side; (b) slave-side.

TILx-HL

TILx

(intro)

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TILx

(intro)

GSM

900

BTS

GSM 1800

BTS

UMTS

BTS

Fixed Atten

Fixe d

Fixed Atten

BTS

INTERFACING

SECTION

+

SPLITTING -

COMBINING

SECTION

TFLN

TMRX

TFAx

TDTX

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx

Fig. 5.28(a): Block scheme of a Britecell Plus system with a simple i-link

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User Manual

GSM

900

BTS

GSM 1800

BTS

UMTS

BTS

Fixed Atten

Fixe d

Fixed Atten

BTS

INTERFACING

SECTION

+

SPLITTING -

COMBINING

SECTION

TFLN

TMRX

TDTX

TFAx

TDTX

TSRX

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx

TILx

(intro)

Fig. 5.28(b): Block scheme of a Britecell Plus system with a WDM i-link

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(intro)

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x

5.11.2. TILx-HL i-link

Interconnect link

Module description:

The TILx interconnect link is a composite module, made up by a transmitter and a receiver module both on master and on slave side:

• Master side

- TDTX 300 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot)

- TMRX 200 (receiver module, hosted by 1 subrack slot)

• Slave side

- TDTX 300 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot)

- TSRX 2xx/8 (receiver module, hosted by 3 subrack slots)

The TILx – HL kit is available in EU tri-band version (EGSM 900MHz, GSM 1800MHz, UMTS), in US dual-band version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, PCS 1900 MHz), and in hybrid version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, GSM

1800MHz, UMTS). These versions just differs in the slave-side receiver TSRX module, which is the only module whose features vary with the RF transmitting band.

Module name:

TIL

-HL

Block scheme

A scheme of the system, is reported hereinafter, so as describe the connections between the Interconnect-link modules and to give an insight of the function of the modules named above.

Fig.5.29 – Interconnect link scheme

TILx-

-HL

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M

TILx-

-HL

Main TILx-HL functions:

Downlink:

Master side:

Slave side

Uplink:

aster side:

Slave side:

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the

splitting/combining section, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the bus

information, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information,

with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate the optical losses;

• Distribution of the RF signal to the TFLN optical TRXs, and

demodulation of the bus information

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information,

with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate optical losses

• Distribution of the RF signal to the splitting/combining section, and demodulation of the alarm information

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the

TFLN optical TRXs, and transmission to the master i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the alarm

information, and transmission to the master i-link

modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

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(

m

)

r

(

p

)

j

TILx-HL Master Side: TDTX300 transmitter + TMRX200 receiver

Fig.5.30 – The i-link master side is made up by a TDTX300 transmitter and by a TMRX200 receiver

RF in port connected to TMRX200 master

SMA-f)

RF out port connected to TDTX300 maste

DL RF

SMA-f)

ort (SMA-f

Alarm in port connected to TMRX200 master

SMB-m)

Alarm out port connected to TDTX300

aster (SMB-

GREEN LED: power on RED LED: ma

or alarm

GREEN LED: power on RED LED: major alarm

Optical out port connected to TSRX 2xx/8 slave(SC-APC)

UL RF

ort (SMA-f)

Optical in port connected to TDTX300 slave

SC-APC)

TDTX300

TILx – HL Master-side: RF ports

TDTX300 transmitter:

¾ 1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the

RF output port of the TMRX200 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to

the alarm output port of the TMRX200 adjacent module

TMRX200 receiver:

¾ 1 RF output port, to be connected directly to the

RF input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm output port, to be connected directly to

the alarm input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 1 RF DL port, sent to the passive devices which

interface the Britecell with the BTS

¾ 1 RF UL port, coming from the passive devices

which interface the Britecell with the BTS

TMRX20

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-HL

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/

TILx-

-HL

TILx – HL Master-side: Optical ports

T DTX300 transmitter:

¾ 1 Optical output port, to be connected directly

to the optical input port of the slave-side TSRX2xx

8 receiver

TMRX200 receiver:

¾ 1 Optical input port, to be connected directly to

the optical output port of the slave-side TDTX300 transmitter

TILx – HL Master-side: LED Alarms

TDTX300 transmitter

:

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TDTX300 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TDTX failure (please refer to table 5.13)

TMRX200 receiver:

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TMRX200 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TMRX failure (please refer to table 5.14)

Meaning

Optical power failure, wavelength out of range, power supply failure

Table 5.13: Summary of master TDTX300 LEDs meaning

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Meaning

Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL failure, AGC compensation failure

Table 5.14: Summary of TMRX200 LEDs meaning

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(

j

m

TILx - HL Slave-Side: TDTX300 transmitter + TSRX2xx/8 receiver

TDTX300

TSRX

RF in port

connected to TSRX2xx/8 slave

SMA-f)

Alarm in port connected to slave TSRX2xx/8 (SMB-m)

GREEN LED: power on RED LED:ma

or alarm

Optical out port , connected to TMRX200 master (SC-APC)

Optical in port, connected to TDTX-300 master (SC-APC)

DL RF ports connected to TFLN DL ports (SMA-f)

UL RF ports connected to TFLN UL ports (SMA-f)

TILx – HL Slave-side: RF ports

TDTX300 transmitter:

¾ 1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the

RF output port of the TSRX2xx/8 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to

the alarm output port of the TSRX2xx/8

TSRX2xx/8 receiver

¾ 1 RF output port, to be connected directly to the

RF input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm output port, to be connected directly to

the alarm input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 8 RF DL ports, which can feed up to 8 TFLN local

transmitters ;

¾ 8 RF UL ports, which can receive the UL signals

from up to 8 TFLN local transmitters.

Fig.5.31 – The i-link master side is made up by a TDTX300 transmitter and by a TMRX200 receiver

RF out port, connected to TDTX300 master (SMA-f)

Alarm out port connected to master

TDTX300

GREEN LED: power on RED LED:major alar

SMB-m)

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-HL

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TILx-

-HL

TILx -HL Slave-side: Optical ports

TDTX 300 transmitter:

TSRX2xx/8 receiver:

¾ 1 Optical output port, to be connected directly

to the optical input port of the master-side TMRX200 receiver

¾ 1 Optical input port, to be connected directly

to the optical output port of the master-side TDTX300 transmitter

TILx – HL Slave-side: LED Alarms

TDTX300 transmitter:

TSRX2xx/8 receiver:

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Table 5.15: Summary of slave TDTX300 LEDs meaning

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Table 5.16: Summary of TSRX2xx/8 LEDs meaning

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TDTX300 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TSRX2xx/8 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TSRX module, while the red LED describes the major TSRX failure.

Meaning

Optical power failure, wavelength out of range, power supply failure

Meaning

Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL and DL failure, AGC compensation failure

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User Manual

Warnings (to be read before the TILx – HL installation)

Dealing with optical output ports

• The TDTX modules (both on master and on slave side) contain

semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.

Handling optical connections

• When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly

that the optical fibre is not damaged. Optical fibres have to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.

• Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical

connectors. Inserting any other connector will result in severe damages.

• Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5

cm.

• Remove adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave

SC-APC adapters open, as they attract dust. Unused SC-APC adapters must always be covered with their caps.

• Do not touch the adapter tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting

each connector into the sleeve. In case adapter tips need to be better cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol

Inserting or removing TDTX, TMRX, TSRX modules

• Do not remove or insert any module into TPRN sub-rack before having

switched off main power supply.

• Modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices.

• When installing the modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active

and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation.

• In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper

RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

Placing the TILx -HL modules inside the subrack

• The i-link modules at slave side should be installed in the middle of the

slave subrack, or at least they should have no more than 4 TFLN modules both on the right side and on the left side of the TSRX requirement is advised in order to allow connection between the TSRX

module and all the TFLN transmitters (see fig. 5.33)

2xx/8 module. This

TILx – HL installation

Master Cable Installation Kit:

• 1 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF jumpers

• 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF jumper

Both on master side and on slave side, the i-link modules are to be housed into a TPRN active sub-rack.

Slave Cable Installation Kit:

• 17 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF jumpers

• 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF jumper

TILx-

-HL

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RF jump

(

S

)

TILx-

-HL

On the master-side station, the i-link modules are to be housed into 2 adjiacent slots, chosen among the 12 available ones in the subrack. On the slave-side subrack, the i-link modules are to be housed into 4 adjiacent slots: moreover, due to the particular cabling they require, these 4 adjiacent slots should be placed in mid-subrack, so that no more than 4 TFLN local units stay on each side of the i-link modules (as shown in fig. 5.33).

: If the i-link modules are to be installed in an already working Master

Note Unit, switch off the sub-racks before inserting the modules.

Before inserting the boards into the TPRNx4 subracks, make sure to set proper RS485 addresses. A basic rule of the Britecell installation is that 2 subracks belonging to the same Master Unit should always have different RS485 addresses (please refer to “TPRN Installation” section): since the interconnect-link basically provides an extension of the Master Unit bus, any subrack on the i-link master-side should also have a RS485 address different from any subrack on the i-link slave side. Please refer to “TPRNx4 Installation” section for more information on setting the RS485 address.

Firstly, carefully insert the TMRX200 and the TDTX300 boards in 2 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TMRX200 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX300 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Fix these RF jumpers to the RF ports through a proper torque wrench (not included). Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the master side. Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical

er

MA-m / SMA-m

RF jumper (SMB-f / SMB-f)

Fig. 5.32: TILx-HL master side

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User Manual

out port of the master-side TDTX300 module. (This fiber shall be directly connected to the optical in port of the TSRX2xx/8 module on the slave-side subrack)

Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical

in port of the TMRX200 module (This fiber shall be directly connected to the optical out port of the TDTX300 on the slave-side subrack)

Carefully insert the TSRX2xx/8 and the TDTX300 boards in 4 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. As already explained, take care not to have more than 4 TFLN modules on each side of the i-link pieces. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TSRX2xx/8 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX300 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Use the longer RF jumpers (included) to connect each pair of TSRX UL and DL ports to the corresponding UL and DL ports of each TFLN module mounted on slave-side subrack. If less than 8 TFLNs are used at slave-side, make sure to mask the TSRX-2xx/8 unused DL and UL ports by SMA loads (not provided).

Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the slave side. Take a SC-APC fibre, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical out port of the master-side TDTX300 module. This fiber has to be directly connected to the optical in port of the TMRX200 module of the master-side subrack. Use a specific torque wrench to fix the RF cables to the RF ports. Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical in port of the TSRX200 module. This fiber has to be directly connected to the optical out port of the TDTX300 on the master-side subrack.

As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the “TILx-HL start-up” section.

DL optical cable UL optical cable

Fig. 5.33: TILx-HL slave side

TILx-

-HL

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TILx-

-HL

Removing a TILx - HL module

To remove an i-link module, firstly switch off the TPRNx4 subrack which houses the module.

Remove the fibers and the RF jumpers connected to the i-link module which is going to be removed. Insert the caps on the optical ports which has just been disconnected.

Unscrew the 4 screws at the corners of the i-link module which is going to removed, and slowly remove the card.

Put the card in its safety box

TILx – HL start-up

Before both the master-side station and the slave-side station(s) are switched on, make sure that:

• all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit

• the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to

what planned in the system design

• the i-link master modules have been connected to the relevant slave side

modules through fiberoptics cables;

• every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to relevant remote

units

• each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas

• the remote supervision unit, if present, has been connected to the Master

Unit

• both on the master-side and on slave-side stations, the different subracks

are connected each other via bus RS485

After that, remember that all remote units have to be switched on before the master-side and the slave-side subracks. When all the remote units are on, the different subracks (at master-side and slave-side) can be switched on. Once all the active subracks have been switched on, the behaviour of the different i-link modules can be summarized as follows:

o All the LEDs on the different i-link modules (both on master side and on

slave side) turn on for a couple of seconds;

o After that, all the green LEDs on the different modules remain ON (thus

indicating proper power supply), while the red LEDs switch off as soon as the master-side and the slave-side detect each other;

o During normal working operations, the LEDs on the front panels of the

TILx modules should behave according to what described in table 5.13,

5.14, 5.15, 5.16;

o Once all the master-side and slave-side subracks have been switched

on, the system should begin to work correctly. Anyway, in order that the i-link modules are recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary that the system carries out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase,

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User Manual

7

whose duration depends on the system complexity and which can last at

max. 4min, the TFLN LEDs ┌┘ blink. Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This

may result in failing the identification of some equipment.

Note: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

o Finally, please note that the receiver module TSRX2xx/8 has only one

connection with the subrack backplane, so that the LMT software and the supervision system will detect it as a 1-slot card. More in details, only the slot which hosts the TSRX LED alarms is recognized by LMT or supervision. The other 2 slots hosting the TSRX receiver are therefore to be masked through the LMT or the Supervision System Interface (please refer to the relevant user manuals) in order to avoid fictitious alarm notifications.

TILx – HL troubleshooting

Faults on the i-link modules can be revealed:

• by LEDs on the front panels of the modules themselves

• by the LMT software running on a PC connected to a master side or a slave-

side subrack via RS232 port;

• by the supervision system interface managed by the remote supervision

unit, usually placed conveniently on the master-side. Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. The tables 5.17, 5.18, 5.19 reports a brief description of alarm related to the different i-link modules, together with a reference to corresponding alerted LEDs and to possible recovery actions.

As shown by these tables, the LEDs show only the alarms concerning the board where they are housed: so, a red LED which is switched on at TSRX front side reveals an alarm affecting the TSRX module itself (it does not deals with the alarms affecting the other module of the i-link slave-side, which is an TDTX300, and whose alarms will be detected by its own LEDs). Moreover, these tables show that the LEDs reveals only major alarms, whereas the minor alarms (i.e. the low priority ones) are revealed only by the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision system. The minor alarms usually detect critical situations which should be checked so as to avoid future possibile system faults. Although any alarm detected by a LED on the i-link modules should be verified through LMT or supervision software when an accurate check is needed, some ordinary maintenance procedures could be carried out quickly following the instructions described hereinafter

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-HL

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TILx-

-HL

TDTX 300 (master side or slave side)

ALARM

CODE

(TSUN

description)

Vcc alarm

Optical power <1dB

Optical power <3dB

Temperature Alarm

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

There is a degradation on

the power supply provided

by the backplane

The received optical power

experiences a degradation

which is near to the AGC

working threshold (but it

can still compensate

losses)

The transmitted optical

power experiences a

degradation which can no

more be compensated by

the AGC.

Over-temperature alarm

(lower than 0° C or higher

than 65° C)

Table 5.17: Description of TDTX300 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the suspervision interface

ACTIVE

LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE MINOR

RED MINOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE WARNING

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

RECOMMENDED

Check the optical loss /

AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX

module at the other

imterconnect link

Check the subracks

ventilation; verify the

environmental

conditions involving

heating and air

ACTION

side of the

circulation

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

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User Manual

ALARM

CODE (TSUN

description)

Power supply alarm

RX1 AGC out of range

RX1 Optical power fail

Temperature alarm

FSK modem alarm

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

There is a degradation

in power supply

distribution

The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is

near to the AGC

working threshold (but

it can still compensate

losses)

The transmitted

optical power experiences a

degradation which can

no more be

compensated by the

AGC

Over-temperature

alarm

HW problem on the

10.7 MHz FSK modem

TMRX 200

ACTIVE

LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE WARNING

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE WARNING

RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check the optical loss

/ AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX

module at the other

side of the

imterconnect link

Check the subrack

and cabinet

ventilation, verify the

environmental

conditions involving

heating and air

circulation

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

TILx-

-HL

UL RF alarm UL hardware failure RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Current Fail Overcurrent alarm RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Table 5.18: Description of TMRX200 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the suspervision interface

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189

ALARM

CODE

(TSUN

description)

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

TSRX 2xx/8

ACTIVE LED

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

TILx-

-HL

Power supply alarm

RX1 AGC out of range

RX1 Optical power fail

Temperature alarm

FSK modem alarm

DL Low band RF alarm

DL High band RF alarm

DL UMTS RF alarm

(only on TSRX 247/8 version)

UL Low-band RF Alarm

There is a degradation in

power supply distribution

The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is

near to the AGC working

threshold (but it can still

compensate losses)

The transmitted optical

power experiences a

degradation which can

no more be compensated

by the AGC

Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

HW problem on the 10.7

MHz FSK

modulator/demodulator

HW failure on the DL

RF low band

HW failure on the DL

RF high band

HW failure on the DL

RF UMTS band

HW failure on the UL

RF low band

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE WARNING

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

Check the optical loss

/ AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX

module at the other

side of the

interconnect link

Check the subrack and

cabinet ventilation,

verify the

environmental

conditions involving

heating and air

circulation

MINOR

UL High-band RF Alarm

UL UMTS RF alarm

(only on TSRX 247/8 version)

Current Fail Overcurrent alarm RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Table 5.19: Description of TSRX2xx/8 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the suspervision interface

HW failure on the UL

RF high band

HW failure on the UL

UMTS band

RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

TDTX-300 module troubleshooting

The TDTX module is an optical transmitter whose alarm status cannot be influenced by dirt optical adapters or by some problems in fiberoptics cables towards the opposite i-link side. If the red light is switched on in the TDTX front panel, please check if you have connected properly the

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User Manual

RF jumper. If the RF connection proves to be ok and the red LED keep on switching on, please contact the manufacturer.

TMRX-200 module troubleshooting

Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX-200 module first involve a check of the optical adapter status and of the fiberoptics cable. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX-200 module and of the TSRX-2xx/8 module can be performed so as to re-inizialize the link.

Quick TMRX-200 troubleshooting procedure

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.34a) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:

1. Clean the optical adapter

2. If the problem still persists, refer to the TMRX/TSRX fiber optic troubleshooting so as to

check if the optical cable or optical connection has any problem on DL path

3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the TMRX-200 module

and of the TSRX-2xx/8 module (on the slave-side) could be performed so as to re-inizialize the link.

4. If the red LED still remains on, please check the alarm status by the LMT or the

supervision unit in order to better understand the problem and its possible solution.

TMRX/TSRX fiber optic troubleshooting

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.34b)

1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of

curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TMRX (TSRX) red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.

2. Check if SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends. In

case they are not, fix more firmly the SC-SPC connectors to their adapters. If the TMRX (TSRX) red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it better at both ends, then clean

also the relevant SC-APC adapters. Re-connect the fibre to relevant ports after cleaning. If it doesn’t make TMRX (TSRX) red LED switch off, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the fiber from the TMRX (TSRX) port, and measure the power

Pout which comes out from the fiber. Then, go to the module where the other end of the fiber is connected (it can be either on the slave side and on the master side, depending on the fiber or on the jumper you are verifying), disconnect it and measure the input power Pin coming out of the port. Calculate the fibre attenuation A due to the fiberoptics cable: Af [dB] = Pin – Pout

a. If ADL > 10 dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it with a new one. b. If ADL < 10 dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to

supervision system or contact the manufacturer for assistance.

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TSRX-2xx/8 module troubleshooting

Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX-200 module first involve a check of the optical adapters status and of the fiberoptics cables. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX-200 module and of the TSRX-2xx/8 module can be performed so as to verify if the problem depends on a failed modem connectivity.

Quick TSRX-2xx/8 troubleshooting procedure

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.34c)

In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:

1. Clean the optical adapter

2. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic DL troubleshooting so as to check if the

optical cable or optical connection has any problem on DL path

3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the TSRX-2xx/8

module and of the TMRX-200 module (on the master side) could be performed so as to test modem connectivity.

4. If the red LED still remains on, please check the alarm status by the LMT or the supervision

unit in order to better understand the problem and its possible solution.

sta

Clean the SC-APC optical adapter and

connecto

Optical cable or optical connections may have

some problems. Refer to TMRX/TSRX fiberoptic

Reboot both the

TMRX-200 module

(on i-link slave side)

and the TMRX-200

(on i-link master-side)

Yes

Is red LED upon

TMRX 200

still ON?

No

Yes

Fig. 5.34(a): Flow-chart describing the quick TMRX200 troubleshooting.

Is the red LED

ON upon the TMRX 200?

Yes

Is red LED upon

TMRX 200

still ON?

Yes

troubleshooting (fig. 5.34c)

Is red LED upon

TMRX 200

still ON?

Quick troubleshooting procedure has

not identified the

supervision

problem. Refer to

system or contact the

manufacture

No

end

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User Manual

g

b

p

start

Is there any point

where the fibre experiences a small radius of curvature?

Yes

Rearrange the optical path to avoid sharp

bends. If necessary replace the optical

cable with a lon

er one.

No

Yes

Is red LED

upon TMRX/TSRX

still ON?

No

Are SC-APC

connectors properly

installed at both fibre ends?

Yes

Disconnect the

fiber optic cable

and clean it at

oth ends.

Disconnect the

optical SC-APC

connector from

TMRX/TSRX

Measure the output power at corresponding fibre end.

Calculate fibre attenuation A[dB]=input power

- output power

No

Yes

Clean the optical SC-APC ports

corresponding to both the fiber ends

Fix better SC-

APC connectors

Is red LED

upon TMRX/TSRX

ON?

No

Reconnect the fibre to relevant ports

Yes

Go to the module where the other

end of the fiber is connected,

disconnect the corresponding SC-

APC connector , and measure the corresponding input power

connect the adapter again.

Is red LED

upon TMRX/TSRX

still ON?

. Then

TILx-

-HL

No

Is A > 10dB?

Yes

No

Fibre optic cable has some

roblems. Replace it.

Quick troubleshooting procedure

has not identified any problem

on the fiber optics cable

end

Fig. 5.34(b): Flow-chart describing the TMRX/TSRX fiberoptic troubleshooting.

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Is the red LED

ON upon the

TSRX 2xx/8?

Yes

No

TILx-

-HL

Clean the SC-APC

optical adapter and

connecto

Reboot both the

TSRX-2xx/8 module

(on i-link slave side)

and the TMRX-200

(on i-link master-side)

Is red LED upon

TSRX 2xx/8

still ON?

No

Is red LED upon

TSRX 2xx/8

still ON?

Yes

Optical cable or optical connections may have

some problems. Refer to TMRX/TSRX

fiberoptic troubleshooting (fig. 5.34c)

Yes

Is red LED upon

TSRX 2xx/8

still ON?

Quick troubleshooting procedure

has not identified the Refer to supervision

contact the manufacture

problem.

system or

No

end

Fig. 5.34(c): Flow-chart describing the quick TSRX2xx/8 troubleshooting.

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x

W

Module name:

5.11.3. TILx-HLW i-link

Module description:

The WDM interconnect link is a composite module, made up by a transmitter and a receiver module both on master and on slave side:

• Master side

-TDTX-300 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot)

-TMRX-500 (receiver module, hosted by 1 subrack slot)

• Slave side

-TDTX-500 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot)

-TMRX-3xx/8 (receiver module, hosted by 3 subrack slots)

The TILx – HLW kit is available in EU tri-band version (EGSM 900MHz, GSM 1800MHz, UMTS), in US dual-band version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, PCS 1900 MHz), and in hybrid version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, GSM

1800MHz, UMTS). These versions just differs in the slave-side receiver TSRX module, which is the only module whose features vary with the RF transmitting band.

Block scheme

A scheme of the system, is reported hereinafter, so as describe the connections between the Interconnect-link modules and to give an insight of the function of the modules named above.

Fig.5.35 – Scheme of the WDM interconnect link

WDM interconnect

link

TIL

-HL

TILx-

-

HLW

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Main TILx-HLW functions:

TILx-

-

HLW

Downlink:

Master side:

Slave side

Uplink:

Master side:

Slave side:

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the

splitting/combining section, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the bus

information, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information,

with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate the optical losses;

• Distribution of the RF signal to the TFLN optical TRXs, and

demodulation of the bus information

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information,

with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate optical losses

• Distribution of the RF signal to the splitting/combining section, and demodulation of the alarm information

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the

TFLN optical TRXs, and transmission to the master i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the alarm

information, and transmission to the master i-link

modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

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User Manual

TILx-HLW Master Side:

)

r (

(

r

(

)

j

jor

TDTX300 transmitter + TMRX500 receiver

RF port connected to TMRX500

TILx-HLW Master-side: RF ports

TDTX300 transmitter

TMRX500 receiver

SMA-f)

maste

Alarm in port connected to TMRX500 master

GREEN LED: power on RED LED: ma

Optical port connected to TMRX 500 master (SC-APC)

SMB-m)

or alarm

TDTX300 TMRX500

¾ 1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the RF

output port of the TMRX500 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to the

alarm output port of the TMRX500 adjacent module

¾ 1 RF output port, to be connected directly to the RF

input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm output port, to be connected directly to the

alarm input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 1 RF DL port, sent to the passive devices which

interface the Britecell with the BTS

¾ 1 RF UL port, coming from the passive devices which

interface the Britecell with the BTS

Fig. 5.36: WDM i-link master side is made up by a TDTX300 transmitter and by a TMRX500 receiver

RF port connected to TDTX300

SMA-f)

maste

DL RF port (SMA-f

Alarm out port connected to TDTX300 master (SMB-m)

Optical port connected to slave TSRX3xx/8 (SCAPC

GREEN LED: power on RED LED: ma

UL RF port (SMA-f)

Optical port connected to TDTX300 master (SC-APC)

alarm

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TILx-

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TILx-HLW Master-side: Optical ports

TDTX300 transmitter:

TMRX500 receiver:

TILx-HLW Master-side: LED Alarms

TDTX300 transmitter:

TMRX500 receiver

¾ 1 output port (1310 out), to be connected directly

to the optical input port of the master-side TMRX500 receiver

¾ 1 input port (1310 in), to be connected directly to the

optical output port of the master-side TDTX300 transmitter

¾ 1 WDM TRX port (1310/1550), to be connected to the

TSRX3xx/8 module on the slave side

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TDTX300 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TDTX failure.

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the

MRX500 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TMRX failure.

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Meaning

Optical power failure, wavelength out of range, power supply failure

Table 5.20. Summary of TDTX300 LEDs meaning

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Meaning

Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL failure, AGC compensation failure

Table 5.21 summary of TMRX500 LEDs meaning

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User Manual

p

(

)

(

jumper

(

j

m

TILx-HLW Slave-Side: TDTX500 transmitter + TSRX3xx/8 receiver

TDTX 500

TSRX 3xx/8

RF port connected to TSRX3xx/8 slave (SMA-f)

RF port connected to TSRX3xx/8 slave

SMB-m)

GREEN LED: pwr on RED LED:ma

or alarm

Optical port to be connected to TMRX-500 master

SC-APC)

Optical ports to connect each other by the fiber optic

DL ports connected to TFLN DL ports (SMA-f)

UL ports connected to TFLN UL ports (SMA-f)

WDM I-link Slave-side: RF ports

TDTX500 transmitter:

¾ 1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the RF

output port of the TSRX3xx/8 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to the

alarm out

ut port of the TSRX3xx/8 adjacent

TSRX 3xx/8 receiver

¾ 1 RF output port, to be connected directly to the RF

input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 1 alarm output port, to be connected directly to the

alarm input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

¾ 8 RF DL ports, which can feed up to 8 TFLN local

transmitters ;

¾ 8 RF UL ports, which can receive the UL signals from

up to 8 TFLN local transmitters.

Fig.5.37: the WDM i-link master side is made up by a TDTX500 transmitter and by a TSRX3xx receiver

RF Rx port from TDTX500 slave

SMA-f

RF Rx port from TDTX500 slave (SMB-m)

TILx-

-

HLW

GREEN LED: power on RED LED:ma

or alar

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WDM I-link Slave-side: Optical ports

TDTX 500 transmitter:

¾ 1 output port (1550 out), to be connected directly to

the optical input port of the slave-side TSRX 3xx/8

TSRX 3xx/8 receiver:

¾ 1 input port(1550 in), to be connected directly to

the optical output port of the slave-side TDTX500 transmitter

¾ 1 WDM TRX port (1310/1550nm), to be connected

to the TMRX500 module on the master side

WDM I-link Slave-side: LED Alarms

TDTX500 transmitter:

TSRX 3xx/8 receiver

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TDTX300 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TDTX failure.

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TSRX3xx/8 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TSRX failure.

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Meaning

Optical power failure, wavelength out of range, power supply failure

Led colour

Red

Green Power supply OK

Meaning

Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL and DL failure, AGC compensation failure

Table 5.22: Summary of TDTX500 LEDs meaning

Table 5.23: Summary of TSRX3xx/8 LEDs meaning

Warnings (to be read before the TILx-HLW installation)

Dealing with optical output ports

• The TDTX modules (both on master and on slave side) contain

semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the

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User Manual

optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.

• Handling optical connections

• When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly

that the optical fibre is not damaged. Optical fibres have to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.

• Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical

connectors. Inserting any other connector will result in severe damages.

• Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5

cm.

• Remove adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave

SC-APC adapters open, as they attract dust. Unused SC-APC adapters must always be covered with their caps.

• Do not touch the adapter tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting

each connector into the sleeve. In case adapter tips need to be better cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol

Inserting or removing TDTX, TMRX, TSRX modules

• Do not remove or insert any module into TPRN sub-rack before having

switched off main power supply.

• Modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices.

• When installing the modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active

and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation.

• In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper

RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

Positioning the TILx-HLW modules inside the subrack

• The i-link modules at slave side should be installed in the middle of the

slave subrack, or at least they should have no more than 4 TFLN modules both on the right side and on the left side of the TSRX requirement is advised in order to allow connection between the TSRX

module and all the TFLN transmitters (see fig. 5.39)

3xx/8 module. This

TILx-HLW installation

The TILx-HLW modules are provided with:

Master Cable Installation Kit:

• 1 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF

jumpers

• 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF

jumper

• 1 Fiber Optic Jumper

Both on master side and on slave side, the WDM i-link modules are to be housed into a TPRN active sub-rack.

Slave Cable Installation Kit:

• 17 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF

jumpers

• 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF

jumper

• 1 Fiber Optic Jumper

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TILx-

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HLW

On the master-side station, the WDM i-link modules are to be housed into 2 adjiacent slots, chosen among the 12 available ones in the subrack. On the slave-side subrack, the WDM i-link modules are to be housed into 4 adjiacent slots: moreover, due to the particular cabling they require, these 4 adjiacent slots should be placed in mid-subrack, so that no more than 4 TFLN local units stay on each side of the WDM i-link modules (see fig. 5.39).

: If the TILx-HLW modules are to be installed in an already working

Note Master Unit, switch off the sub-racks before inserting the modules.

Before inserting the boards into the TPRNx4 subracks, make sure to set proper RS485 addresses. A basic rule of the Britecell installation is that 2 subracks belonging to the same Master Unit should always have different RS485 addresses (please refer to “TPRN Installation” section): since the interconnect-link basically provides an extension of the Master Unit bus, any subrack on the i-link master-side should also have a RS485 address different from any subrack on the i-link slave side. Please refer to “TPRNx4 Installation” section for more information on setting the RS485 address.

Firstly, carefully insert the TMRX-500 and the TDTX-300 boards in 2 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TMRX500 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX300 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Fix these RF jumpers to the RF ports through a proper torque wrench (not included).

Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the master side. Take the optical jumper, clean the fibre connectors, and use it to connect the 1310 output port of the TDTX 300 and the 1310 input port of the TMRX500

RF jumper

MA-m / SMA-m

RF jumper (SMB-f / SMB-f)

Fig. 5.38: TILx-HLW master side

optical jumper

UL/DL optical cable

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User Manual

module.

Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the

1310/1550 TRX port of the TMRX 500 module (This fiber shall be directly

connected to the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TSRX 3xx/8 on the slave-side subrack)

Carefully insert the TSRX-3xx/8 and the TDTX-500 boards in 4 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. As already explained, take care not to have more than 4 TFLN modules on each side of the i-link pieces. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TSRX 3xx/8 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX500 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Use the longer RF jumpers (included) to connect each pair of TSRX UL and DL ports to the corresponding UL and DL ports of each TFLN module mounted on slave-side subrack. If less than 8 TFLNs are used at slave-side, make sure to mask the TSRX-3xx/8 unused DL and UL ports by SMA loads (not provided).

Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the slave side. Take the optical jumper, clean the fibre connectors, and use it to connect the 1550 output port of the TDTX500 and the 1550 input port of the TSRX3xx/8 module. Connect the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TSRX3xx/8 module to the fiberoptics cable coming from the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TMRX500 module on the

master-side.

TILx-

-

HLW

UL/DL optical cable

Fig. 5.39: TILx-HLW slave side

Optical jumper

As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the “TILx-HLW start-up” section.

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Removing a TILx-HLW module

To remove a TILx-HLW module, firstly switch off the TPRNx4 subrack which houses the module.

Remove the fibers and the RF jumpers connected to the WDM i-link module which is going to be removed. Insert the caps on the optical ports which has just been disconnected.

Unscrew the 4 screws at the corners of the WDM i-link module which is going to removed, and slowly remove the card.

Put the card in its safety box

TILx-WDM start-up

Before both the master side station and the slave-side stations are switched on, make sure that:

• all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit

• the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to

what planned in the system design

• the TILx-HLW master modules have been connected to the relevant TILx-

HLW slave modules through fiberoptics cables;

• every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to relevant remote

units

• each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas

• the remote supervision unit, if present, has been connected to the Master

Unit

• both on the master-side and on slave-side stations, different subracks are

connected each other via bus RS485

After that, remember that only when all the remote units are already on, the different subracks composing the Master Unit can be switched on. Once all the active subracks have been switched on, the behaviour of the different ilink modules can be summarized as follows:

o All the LEDs on the different TILx-HLW modules (both on master side

and on slave side) turn on for a couple of seconds;

o After that, all the green LEDs on the different modules remain ON (thus

indicating proper power supply), while the red LEDs switch off as soon as the master-side and the slave-side detect each other;

o During normal working operations, the status of the LED should be the

one described in table 3.

o Once all the master-side and slave-side subracks have been switched

on, the system should begin to work correctly. Anyway, in order that the i-link modules are recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary that the system carries out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase, whose duration depends on the system complexity and which can last at

max. 4min, the TFLN LEDs ┌┘ blink. Do not connect/disconnect any

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User Manual

cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This

may result in failing the identification of some equipment.

: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or

Note the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

o Finally, please note that the receiver module TSRX3xx/8 has only one

connection with the subrack backplane, so that the LMT software and the supervision system will detect it as a 1-slot card. More in details, only the slot which hosts the TSRX LED alarms is recognized by LMT or supervision. The other 2 slots hosting the TSRX receiver are therefore to be masked through the LMT or the Supervision System Interface (please refer to the relevant user manuals) in order to avoid fictitious alarm notifications.

TILx-HLW troubleshooting

Faults on the i-link modules can be revealed:

• by LEDs on the front panels of the modules themselves

• by the LMT software running on a PC connected to a master side or a slave-

side subrack via RS232 port;

• by the supervision system interface managed by the remote supervision

unit, usually placed conveniently on the master-side. Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. The tables 5.24, 5.25, 5.26, 5.27 report a brief description of alarm related to the different i-link modules, together with a reference to corresponding alerted LEDs and to possible recovery actions.

TILx-

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TILx-

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ALARM

CODE (TSUN

description)

Vcc alarm

Optical Power < 1dB

Optical power < 3 dB

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

There is a degradation

on the power supply

provided by the

backplane

The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is

near to the AGC

working threshold (but it

can still compensate

losses)

The transmitted optical

power experiences a

degradation which can

no more be compensated

by the AGC.

TDTX300 (master side)

ACTIVE

LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE MINOR

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check the optical loss /

AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX module at the other side of the imterconnect link

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

Temperature Alarm

Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

Table 5.24: Description of the TDTX300 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

Check the subrack and

cabinet ventilation,

verify the

environmental

conditions involving

heating and air

circulation

MINOR

20

User Manual

ALARM

CODE

(TSUN

description)

Power supply alarm

AGC out of range

Optical power fail

Temperature alarm

FSK modem alarm

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

There is a degradation in power supply distribution

The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is

near to the AGC

working threshold (but

it can still compensate

losses)

The transmitted optical

power experiences a

degradation which can

no more be

compensated by the

AGC

Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

HW problem on the

10.7 MHz FSK

modulator/ demodulator

UL RF alarm UL Hardware failure RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Current Fail Overcurrent alarm RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Table 5.25: Description of the TMRX500 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

TMRX500 (master side)

ACTIVE LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE WARNING

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check the optical loss /

AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX

module at the other

side of the

imterconnect link

Check the subrack and

cabinet ventilation,

verify the

environmental

conditions involving

heating and air

circulation

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

TILx-

-

HLW

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TILx-

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TDTX500 (slave side)

ALARM

CODE (TSUN

description)

Vcc alarm

Optical power < 1 dB

Optical power < 3 dB

Temperature Alarm

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

There is a degradation on

the power supply

provided by the

backplane

The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is near

to the AGC working

threshold (but it can still

compensate losses)

The transmitted optical

power experiences a

degradation which can no

more be compensated by

the AGC.

Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

Table 5.26: Description of the TDTX500 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

ACTIVE

LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE MINOR

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

Check the optical loss

/ AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX

module at the other

side of the

imterconnect link

Check the subrack and

cabinet ventilation,

verify the

environmental

conditions involving

heating and air

circulation

RELÉ

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

MINOR

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User Manual

ALARM

CODE (TSUN

description)

Power supply alarm

AGC out of range

Optical power fail

Temperature alarm

FSK modem alarm

TSRX3xx/8 (slave side)

ALARM

DESCRIPTION

There is a degradation in

power supply distribution

The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is

near to the AGC working

threshold (but it can still

compensate losses)

The transmitted optical

power experiences a

degradation which can

no more be compensated

by the AGC

Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

HW problem on the 10.7

MHz FSK

modulator/demodulator

ACTIVE LED

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

NONE WARNING

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY

LEVEL

RELÉ

ACTION

RECOMMENDED

PRIORITY

LEVEL

(subrack)

Check the optical loss / AGC status on the TSRX or TMRX module at the other side of the interconnect link

Check the subrack and cabinet ventilation, verify the environmental conditions involving heating and air circulation

MINOR

TILx-

-

HLW

DL Low band RF alarm

DL High band RF alarm

DL UMTS RF alarm

(only on TSRX 347/8 version)

UL Low band RF alarm

UL High band RF alarm UL UMTS RF alarm

(only on TSRX 347/8 version)

Current Fail Overcurrent alarm RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

HW failure on the DL

RF low band

HW failure on the DL

RF high band

HW failure on the DL

RF UMTS band

HW failure on the UL

RF low band

HW failure on the UL

RF high band

HW failure on the UL

RF UMTS band

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Table 5.27: Description of the TSRX3xx/8 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

MN024-08

209

TILx-

-

HLW

As shown by these tables, the LEDs show only the alarms concerning the board where they are housed: so, a red LED which is switched on at TSRX front side reveals an alarm affecting the TSRX module itself (it does not deals with the alarms affecting the other module of the i-link slave-side, which is an TDTX300, and whose alarms will be detected by its own LEDs). Moreover, these tables show that the LEDs reveals only major alarms, whereas the minor alarms (i.e. the low priority ones) are revealed only by the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision system. The minor alarms usually detect critical situations which should be checked so as to avoid future possibile system faults. Although any alarm detected by a LED on the i-link modules should be verified through LMT or supervision software when an accurate check is needed, some ordinary maintenance procedures could be carried out quickly following the instructions described hereinafter.

TDTX300 and TDTX500 troubleshooting

The TDTX modules are basically two optical transmitters whose alarm status cannot be influenced by dirt optical adapters or by some problems in fiberoptics cables. If any red light is switched on in a TDTX front panel, please check if you have connected properly the RF jumpers. If the RF connections prove to be ok and the red LED keeps on switching on, please contact the manufacturer.

TMRX500 module troubleshooting

Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX500 module first involve a check of the optical adapters status and of the fiberoptics cables. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX500 module and of the TSRX3xx/8 module can be performed so as to re-inizialize the link.

Quick TMRX-500 troubleshooting procedure

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.40b) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:

1. Clean the optical adapter

2. If the problem still persists, refer to TMRX/TSRX fiber optical

troubleshooting so as to check if the optical connectors and, the optical cable and the optical jumpers have some problems.

3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the

TMRX500 module and of the TSRX3xx/8 module (on the slave-side) could be performed so as to test modem connectivity.

4. If the red LED still remains on, please check the alarm status by the LMT or

the supervision unit in order to better understand the problem and its possible solution.

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User Manual

TMRX/TSRX fibre optic troubleshooting

(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.40b)