Analog Devices ADSP-21160N Datasheet

a

S

DSP Microcomputer

ADSP-21160N

SUMMARY
High Performance 32-Bit DSP—Applications in Audio,

Medical, Military, Graphics, Imaging, and
Communication

Super Harvard Architecture—Four Independent Buses

for Dual Data Fetch, Instruction Fetch, and
Nonintrusive, Zero-Overhead I/O

Backwards Compatible—Assembly Source Level

Compatible with Code for ADSP-2106x DSPs

Single-Instruction-Multiple-Data (SIMD) Computational

Architecture—Two 32-Bit IEEE Floating-Point
Computation Units, Each with a Multiplier, ALU,
Shifter, and Register File

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

CORE PROCESSOR

INSTRUCTION

DAG1

8  4  32

DAG2

8  4  32

PM ADDRESS BUS

DM ADDRESS BUS

TIMER

CACHE

32  48- BIT

PROGRAM

SEQUENCER

PROCESSOR P ORT I/O PORT

ADDR DATA ADDR

32

32

Integrated Peripherals—Integrated I/O Processor,

4 M Bits On-Chip Dual-Ported SRAM, Glueless
Multiprocessing Features, and Ports (Serial, Link,
External Bus, and JTAG)

KEY FEATURES
100 MHz (10 ns) Core Instruction Rate
Single-Cycle Instruction Execution, Including SIMD

Operations in Both Computational Units

Dual Data Address Generators (DAGs) with Modulo and

Bit-Reverse Addressing

Zero-Overhead Looping and Single-Cycle Loop Setup,

Providing Efficient Program Sequencing

DUAL-PORTED SRAM

TWO INDEPENDENT

DUAL-PORTED BLOCKS

ADDR DATA

DATA

DATA

IOD

0
K

1

C

K

O

C

L

O

B

L
B

ADDR

IOA

64

18

JTAG

TEST AND

EMULATION

EXTERNAL

PORT

ADDR BUS

MUX

6

32

BUS

CONNECT

(PX)

MULT

PM DATA BUS

DM DATA BUS

DATA

REGISTER

FILE

(PEX)

16  40-BIT

BARREL
SHIFTER

ALU

16/32/40/48/64

32/40/64

BARREL
SHIFTER

ALU

REGISTER

16  40-BIT

SHARC and the SHARC logo are registered trademarks of Analog Devices, Inc.

REV. 0

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies.

MULTIPROCESSOR

INTERFACE

DATA BUS

MUX

HOST PORT

DATA

FILE

(PEY)

MULT

IOP

REGISTERS

(MEMORY
MAPPED)

CONTROL,

STATUS AND

DATA BUFFERS

I/O PROCESSOR

DMA

CONTROLLER

SERIAL PORTS

(2)

LINK PORTS

(6)

One Technology Way, P.O.Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel:[phone] www.analog.com
Fax:[phone] © 2003 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.

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6

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60

ADSP-21160N

KEY FEATURES (continued)
IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Standard Test Access Port and On-Chip

Emulation
400-Ball 27 mm  27 mm Metric PBGA Package
200 Million Fixed-Point MACs Sustained Performance
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD)

Architecture Provides:

Two Computational Processing Elements

Concurrent Execution—Each Processing Element

Executes the Same Instruction, but Operates on
Different Data

Code Compatibility—at Assembly Level, Uses the

Same Instruction Set as the ADSP-2106x
SHARC DSPs

Parallelism in Buses and Computational Units Allows:

Single-Cycle Execution (with or without SIMD) of: A

Multiply Operation, An ALU Operation, A Dual
Memory Read or Write, and An Instruction Fetch

Transfers Between Memory and Core at up to Four

32-Bit Floating- or Fixed-Point Words per Cycle

Accelerated FFT Butterfly Computation Through a

Multiply with Add and Subtract

4M Bits On-Chip Dual-Ported SRAM for Independent

Access by Core Processor, Host, and DMA
DMA Controller Supports:

14 Zero-Overhead DMA Channels for Transfers Between

ADSP-21160N Internal Memory and External Memory,
External Peripherals, Host Processor, Serial Ports, or
Link Ports

64-Bit Background DMA Transfers at Core Clock Speed,

in Parallel with Full-Speed Processor Execution

Host Processor Interface to 16- and 32-Bit

Microprocessors
4G Word Address Range for Off-Chip Memory
Memory Interface Supports Programmable Wait State

Generation and Page-Mode for Off-Chip Memory

Multiprocessing Support Provides:

Glueless Connection for Scalable DSP Multiprocessing

Architecture

Distributed On-Chip Bus Arbitration for Parallel Bus

Connect of up to Six ADSP-21160Ns Plus Host

Six Link Ports for Point-to-Point Connectivity and Array

Multiprocessing
Serial Ports Provide:

Two 50M Bits/s Synchronous Serial Ports with

Companding Hardware

Independent Transmit and Receive Functions
TDM Support for T1 and E1 Interfaces
64-Bit Wide Synchronous External Port Provides:
Glueless Connection to Asynchronous and SBSRAM

External Memories

Up to 50 MHz Operation

–2– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

ADSP-21160N Family Core Architecture . . . . . . . . . 4

SIMD Computational Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Independent, Parallel Computation Units . . . . . . . 5

Data Register File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Single-Cycle Fetch of Instruction and

Four Operands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Instruction Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Data Address Generators with Hardware

Circular Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Flexible Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

ADSP-21160N Memory and I/O Interface Features . 5

Dual-Ported On-Chip Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Off-Chip Memory and Peripherals Interface . . . . . 5

DMA Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Multiprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Link Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Host Processor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Program Booting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Phase-Locked Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Development Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Designing an Emulator-Compatible

DSP Board (Target) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . 15

ESD SENSITIVITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

TIMING SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Power-up Sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Clock Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Memory Read—Bus Master . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Memory Write—Bus Master . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Synchronous Read/Write—Bus Master . . . . . . . . 23

Synchronous Read/Write—Bus Slave . . . . . . . . . 25

Multiprocessor Bus Request and

Host Bus Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Asynchronous Read/Write—Host

to ADSP-21160N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Three-State Timing—Bus Master, Bus Slave . . . . 30

DMA Handshake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Link Ports —Receive, Transmit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

JTAG Test Access Port and Emulation . . . . . . . . 39

Output Drive Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Power Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Test Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Output Disable Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Output Enable Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Example System Hold Time Calculation . . . . . . . 41

Capacitive Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

400-BALL METRIC PBGA PIN

CONFIGURATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

ORDERING GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

–3–REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADSP-21160N SHARC DSP is the second iteration of the
ADSP-21160. Built in a 0.18 micron CMOS process, it offers
higher performance and lower power consumption than its pre­decessor, the ADSP-21160M. Easing portability, the ADSP­21160N is application source code compatible with first genera­tion ADSP-2106x SHARC DSPs in SISD (Single Instruction,
Single Data) mode. To take advantage of the processor’s SIMD
(Single Instruction, Multiple Data) capability, some code
changes are needed. Like other SHARCs, the ADSP-21160N is
a 32-bit processor that is optimized for high performance DSP
applications. The ADSP-21160N includes a 100 MHz core, a
dual-ported on-chip SRAM, an integrated I/O processor with
multiprocessing support, and multiple internal buses to eliminate
I/O bottlenecks.

The ADSP-21160N introduces Single-Instruction,
Multiple-Data (SIMD) processing. Using two computational
units (ADSP-2106x SHARC DSPs have one), the ADSP­21160N can double performance versus the ADSP-2106x on a
range of DSP algorithms.

Fabricated in a state of the art, high speed, low power CMOS
process, the ADSP-21160N has a 10 ns instruction cycle time.
With its SIMD computational hardware running at 100 MHz,
the ADSP-21160N can perform 600 million math operations per
second.

Table 1 shows performance benchmarks for the ADSP-21160N.

Table 1. ADSP-21160N Benchmarks

Benchmark Algorithm Speed

1024 Point Complex FFT (Radix 4, with

171 µs
reversal)
FIR Filter (per tap) 5 ns

1

IIR Filter (per biquad) 40 ns
Matrix Multiply (pipelined)
[33]  [31] 30 ns
[44]  [41] 37 ns
Divide (y/x) 60 ns
Inverse Square Root 90 ns

1

1

DMA Transfer Rate 800M byte/s

1

Specified in SISD mode. Using SIMD, the same benchmark applies for

two sets of computations.For example, two sets of biquad operations can
be performed in the same amount of time as the SISD mode benchmark.

These benchmarks provide single-channel extrapolations of
measured dual-channel processing performance. For more infor­mation on benchmarking and optimizing DSP code for single­and dual-channel processing, see the Analog Devices website
(www.analog.com).

The ADSP-21160N continues SHARC’s industry-leading
standards of integration for DSPs, combining a high performance
32-bit DSP core with integrated, on-chip system features. These
features include a 4M-bit dual ported SRAM memory, host
processor interface, I/O processor that supports 14 DMA
channels, two serial ports, six link ports, external parallel bus,
and glueless multiprocessing.

The functional block diagram on Page 1 shows a block diagram
of the ADSP-21160N, illustrating the following architectural
features:

• Two processing elements, each made up of an AL U, M ul -

tiplier, Shifter, and Data Register File

• Data Address Generators (DAG1, DAG2)

• Program sequencer with instruction cache

• PM and DM buses capable of supporting four 32-bit data

transfers between memory and the core every core
processor cycle

• Interval timer

• On-Chip SRAM (4M bits)

• External port that supports:

• Interfacing to off-chip memory peripherals

• Glueless multiprocessing support for six ADSP-

21160N SHARCs

• Host port

• DMA controller

• Serial ports and link ports

• JTAG test access port

Figure 1 shows a typical single-processor system. A multiprocess-

ing system appears in Figure 4.

ADSP-21160

CLOCK

LINK

DEVICES

(6 MAX)

(OPTIONAL)

SERIAL

DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

SERIAL

DEVICE

(OPTIONAL)

4

3
4

CLKIN
CLK_CFG3–0

EBOOT
LBOOT

IRQ2–0

FLAG3–0
TIMEXP

LXCLK
LXACK
LXDAT7–0

TCLK0
RCLK0
TFS0
RSF0
DT0
DR0

TCLK1
RCLK1
TFS1
RSF1
DT1
DR1

RPBA
ID2–0

RESET JTAG

BMS

CIF

BRST

ADDR31–0

DATA63–0

RDx

WRx

ACK

MS3–0

PAGE

SBTS

CLKOUT

DMAR1–2
DMAG1–2

CS
HBR
HBG

REDY

BR1–6

PA

6

CS

BOOT

EPROM

ADDR

(OPTIONAL)

DATA

ADDR

MEMORY/

DATA

MAPPED

OE

DEVICES

WE

(OPTIONAL)

ACK

L
O
R

T
N
O
C

CS

S
S

A

E

T

R
D
D
A

A
D

DMA DEVICE

DATA

PROCESSOR

INTERFACE
(OPTIONAL)

ADDR
DATA

(OPTIONAL)

HOST

Figure 1. Single-Processor System

ADSP-21160N Family Core Architecture

The ADSP-21160N includes the following architectural features
of the ADSP-2116x family core. The ADSP-21160N is code
compatible at the assembly level with the ADSP-2106x and
ADSP-21161.

–4– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

SIMD Computational Engine

The ADSP-21160N contains two computational processing
elements that operate as a Single Instruction Multiple Data
(SIMD) engine. The processing elements are referred to as PEX
and PEY, and each contains an ALU, multiplier, shifter, and
register file. PEX is always active, and PEY may be enabled by
setting the PEYEN mode bit in the MODE1 register. When this
mode is enabled, the same instruction is executed in both pro­cessing elements, but each processing element operates on
different data. This architecture is efficient at executing math­intensive DSP algorithms.

Entering SIMD mode also has an effect on the way data is trans­ferred between memory and the processing elements. When in
SIMD mode, twice the data bandwidth is required to sustain
computational operation in the processing elements. Because of
this requirement, entering SIMD mode also doubles the
bandwidth between memory and the processing elements. When
using the DAGs to transfer data in SIMD mode, two data values
are transferred with each access of memory or the register file.

Independent, Parallel Computation Units

Within each processing element is a set of computational units.
The computational units consist of an arithmetic/logic unit
(ALU), multiplier, and shifter. These units perform single-cycle
instructions. The three units within each processing element are
arranged in parallel, maximizing computational throughput.
Single multifunction instructions execute parallel ALU and mul­tiplier operations. In SIMD mode, the parallel ALU and
multiplier operations occur in both processing elements. These
computation units support IEEE 32-bit single-precision floating­point, 40-bit extended precision floating-point, and 32-bit fixed­point data formats.

Data Register File

A general-purpose data register file is contained in each process­ing element. The register files transfer data between the
computation units and the data buses, and store intermediate
results. These 10-port, 32-register (16 primary, 16 secondary)
register files, combined with the ADSP-2116x enhanced Harvard
architecture, allow unconstrained data flow between computa­tion units and internal memory. The registers in PEX are referred
to as R0–R15 and in PEY as S0–S15.

Single-Cycle Fetch of Instruction and Four Operands

The ADSP-21160N features an enhanced Harvard architecture
in which the data memory (DM) bus transfers data, and the
program memory (PM) bus transfers both instructions and data
(see the functional block diagram on Page 1). With the ADSP­21160N’s separate program and data memory buses and on-chip
instruction cache, the processor can simultaneously fetch four
operands and an instruction (from the cache), all in a single cycle.

Instruction Cache

The ADSP-21160N includes an on-chip instruction cache that
enables three-bus operation for fetching an instruction and four
data values. The cache is selective—only the instructions whose
fetches conflict with PM bus data accesses are cached. This cache

allows full-speed execution of core, providing looped operations,
such as digital filter multiply- accumulates and FFT butterfly
processing.

Data Address Generators with Hardware
Circular Buffers

The ADSP-21160N’s two data address generators (DAGs) are
used for indirect addressing and provide for implementing
circular data buffers in hardware. Circular buffers allow efficient
programming of delay lines and other data structures required in
digital signal processing, and are commonly used in digital filters
and Fourier transforms. The two DAGs of the ADSP-21160N
contain sufficient registers to allow the creation of up to 32
circular buffers (16 primary register sets, 16 secondary). The
DAGs automatically handle address pointer wraparound,
reducing overhead, increasing performance, and simplifying
implementation. Circular buffers can start and end at any
memory location.

Flexible Instruction Set

The 48-bit instruction word accommodates a variety of parallel
operations, for concise programming. For example, the ADSP­21160N can conditionally execute a multiply, an add, and
subtract, in both processing elements, while branching, all in a
single instruction.

ADSP-21160N Memory and I/O Interface Features

Augmenting the ADSP-2116x family core, the ADSP-21160N
adds the following architectural features:

Dual-Ported On-Chip Memory

The ADSP-21160N contains four megabits of on-chip SRAM,
organized as two blocks of 2M bits each, which can be configured
for different combinations of code and data storage. Each
memory block is dual-ported for single-cycle, independent
accesses by the core processor and I/O processor. The dual­ported memory in combination with three separate on-chip buses
allows two data transfers from the core and one from I/O proces­sor, in a single cycle. On the ADSP-21160N, the memory can be
configured as a maximum of 128K words of 32-bit data, 256K
words of 16-bit data, 85K words of 48-bit instructions (or 40-bit
data), or combinations of different word sizes up to four megabits.
All of the memory can be accessed as 16-bit, 32-bit, 48-bit, or
64-bit words. A 16-bit floating-point storage format is supported
that effectively doubles the amount of data that may be stored
on-chip. Conversion between the 32-bit floating-point and 16­bit floating-point formats is done in a single instruction. While
each memory block can store combinations of code and data,
accesses are most efficient when one block stores data, using the
DM bus for transfers, and the other block stores instructions and
data, using the PM bus for transfers. Using the DM bus and PM
bus in this way, with one dedicated to each memory block, assures
single-cycle execution with two data transfers. In this case, the
instruction must be available in the cache.

Off-Chip Memory and Peripherals Interface

The ADSP-21160N’s external port provides the processor’s
interface to off-chip memory and peripherals. The 4G word off­chip address space is included in the ADSP-21160N’s unified
address space. The separate on-chip buses—for PM addresses,

–5–REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

PM data, DM addresses, DM data, I/O addresses, and I/O data—
are multiplexed at the external port to create an external system
bus with a single 32-bit address bus and a single 64-bit data bus.
The lower 32 bits of the external data bus connect to even
addresses and the upper 32 bits of the 64 connect to odd
addresses. Every access to external memory is based on an
address that fetches a 32-bit word, and with the 64-bit bus, two
address locations can be accessed at once. When fetching an
instruction from external memory, two 32-bit data locations are
being accessed (16 bits are unused). Figure 3 shows the
alignment of various accesses to external memory.

The external port supports asynchronous, synchronous, and syn­chronous burst accesses. ZBT synchronous burst SRAM can be
interfaced gluelessly. Addressing of external memory devices is
facilitated by on-chip decoding of high order address lines to
generate memory bank select signals. Separate control lines are
also generated for simplified addressing of page-mode DRAM.
The ADSP-21160N provides programmable memory wait states
and external memory acknowledge controls to allow interfacing
to DRAM and peripherals with variable access, hold, and disable
time requirements.

Internal
Memory
Space

Multiprocessor
Memory
Space

IOP Reg’s

Long Word

Normal Word

Short Word

Internal

Memory

Space

(ID =001)

Internal

Memory

Space

(ID =010)

Internal

Memory

Space

(ID =011)

Internal

Memory

Space

(ID =100)

Internal

Memory

Space

(ID =101)

Internal

Memory

Space

(ID =110)

Broadcast

Write to
All DSPs
(ID =111)

0x00 0000
0x02 0000
0x04 0000

0x08 0000

0x10 0000

0x20 0000

0x30 0000

0x40 0000

0x50 0000

0x60 0000

0x70 0000

0x7F FFFF

Bank 0

Bank 1

Bank 2

Bank 3

Nonbanked

0x80 0000

MS

MS

MS

MS

External
Memory
Space

0xFFFF FFFF

0

1

2

3

Figure 2. Memory Map

DMA Controller

The ADSP-21160N’s on-chip DMA controller allows zero­overhead data transfers without processor intervention. The
DMA controller operates independently and invisibly to the
processor core, allowing DMA operations to occur while the core
is simultaneously executing its program instructions. DMA
transfers can occur between the ADSP-21160N’s internal
memory and external memory, external peripherals, or a host
processor. DMA transfers can also occur between the ADSP­21160N’s internal memory and its serial ports or link ports.
External bus packing to 16-, 32-, 48-, or 64-bit words is
performed during DMA transfers. Fourteen channels of DMA
are available on the ADSP-21160N—six via the link ports, four
via the serial ports, and four via the processor’s external port (for
either host processor, other ADSP-21160Ns, memory or I/O
transfers). Programs can be downloaded to the ADSP-21160N
using DMA transfers. Asynchronous off-chip peripherals can
control two DMA channels using DMA Request/Grant lines

DMAR1–2, DMAG1–2

(

). Other DMA features include
interrupt generation upon completion of DMA transfers, two­dimensional DMA, and DMA chaining for automatic linked
DMA transfers.

DATA63–0

63 55 47 39 31 23 15 7 0

BYTE 0BYTE 7

RDH/WRH

64-BIT LONG WORD, SIMD, DMA, IOP REGISTER TRANSFERS

64-BIT TRANSFER FOR 48-BIT INSTRUCTION FETCH

64-BIT TRANSFER FOR 40-BIT EXTENDED PRECISION

32-BIT NORMAL WORD (EVEN ADDRESS)

32-BIT NORMAL WORD (ODD ADDRESS)

RESTRICTED DMA, HOST, EPROM DATA ALIGNMENTS:

32-BIT PACKED

16-BIT PACKED

EPROM

RDL/WRL

Figure 3. External Data Alignment Options

Multiprocessing

The ADSP-21160N offers powerful features tailored to multi­processing DSP systems as shown in Figure 4. The external port
and link ports provide integrated glueless multiprocessing
support.

The external port supports a unified address space (see Figure 2)
that allows direct interprocessor accesses of each ADSP­21160N’s internal memory. Distributed bus arbitration logic is
included on-chip for simple, glueless connection of systems con­taining up to six ADSP-21160Ns and a host processor. Master
processor changeover incurs only one cycle of overhead. Bus
arbitration is selectable as either fixed or rotating priority. Bus
lock allows indivisible read-modify-write sequences for sema­phores. A vector interrupt is provided for interprocessor

–6– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

commands. Maximum throughput for interprocessor data
transfer is 400M bytes/s over the external port. Broadcast writes
allow simultaneous transmission of data to all ADSP-21160Ns
and can be used to implement reflective semaphores.

ADSP-21160 #6
ADSP-21160 #5
ADSP-21160 #4

ADSP-21160 #3

ADDR31–0

CLKIN

DATA63–0

RESET

RPBA

3

ID2–0

CONTROL

011

PA

BR1–2, BR4–6

ADSP-21160 #2

CLKIN

RESET

RPBA

ADDR31–0
DATA63–0

5

BR3

Six link ports provide for a second method of multiprocessing
communications. Each link port can support communications to
another ADSP-21160N. Using the links, a large multiprocessor
system can be constructed in a 2D or 3D fashion. Systems can
use the link ports and cluster multiprocessing concurrently or
independently.

L

S

O

S

A

E

R
T
N
O
C

T

R

A

D

D

D
A

RESET

CLOCK

010

001

BUS

PRIORITY

3

3

ID2–0

BR1, BR3–6

ADSP-21160 #1

CLKIN

RESET

RPBA

ID2–0

CONTROL

PA

BR2

ADDR31–0

DATA63–0

RDx

WRx

ACK

L

MS3–0

O
R
T
N
O

BMS

C

PAGE

SBTS

CS
HBR
HBG

REDY

PA

BR2–6

BR1

5

L

S
S

O
R
T
N
O
C

5

A

E

T

R

A

D

D

D
A

ADDR
DATA

OE
WE

ACK

CS

CS

ADDR
DATA

ADDR

DATA

GLOBAL MEMORY
AND
PERIPHERAL (OPTIO NAL)

BOOT EPROM (OPTIONAL)

HOST PROCESSOR
INTERFACE (OPTIONAL)

Figure 4. Shared Memory Multiprocessing System

–7–REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

Link Ports

The ADSP-21160N features six 8-bit link ports that provide
additional I/O capabilities. With the capability of running at
100 MHz rates, each link port can support 80M bytes/s. Link
port I/O is especially useful for point-to-point interprocessor
communication in multiprocessing systems. The link ports can
operate independently and simultaneously. Link port data is
packed into 48- or 32-bit words, and can be directly read by the
core processor or DMA-transferred to on-chip memory. Each
link port has its own double-buffered input and output registers.
Clock/acknowledge handshaking controls link port transfers.
Transfers are programmable as either transmit or receive.

Serial Ports

The ADSP-21160N features two synchronous serial ports that
provide an inexpensive interface to a wide variety of digital and
mixed-signal peripheral devices. The serial ports can operate up
to half the clock rate of the core, providing each with a maximum
data rate of 50M bit/s. Independent transmit and receive
functions provide greater flexibility for serial communications.
Serial port data can be automatically transferred to and from on­chip memory via a dedicated DMA. Each of the serial ports offers
a TDM multichannel mode. The serial ports can operate with
little-endian or big-endian transmission formats, with word
lengths selectable from 3 bits to 32 bits. They offer selectable
synchronization and transmit modes as well as optional µ-law or
A-law companding. Serial port clocks and frame syncs can be
internally or externally generated.

Host Processor Interface

The ADSP-21160N host interface allows easy connection to
standard microprocessor buses, both 16-bit and 32-bit, with little
additional hardware required. The host interface is accessed
through the ADSP-21160N’s external port and is memory­mapped into the unified address space. Four channels of DMA
are available for the host interface; code and data transfers are
accomplished with low software overhead. The host processor
communicates with the ADSP-21160N’s external bus with host
bus request (

), host bus grant (

HBG

), ready (REDY),

HBR

acknowledge (ACK), and chip select (CS) signals. The host can
directly read and write the internal memory of the ADSP­21160N, and can access the DMA channel setup and mailbox
registers. Vector interrupt support provides efficient execution of
host commands.

Program Booting

The internal memory of the ADSP-21160N can be booted at
system power-up from an 8-bit EPROM, a host processor, or
through one of the link ports. Selection of the boot source is

BMS

controlled by the

(Boot Memory Select), EBOOT
(EPROM Boot), and LBOOT (Link/Host Boot) pins. 32-bit and
16-bit host processors can be used for booting.

Phase-Locked Loop

The ADSP-21160N uses an on-chip PLL to generate the internal
clock for the core. Ratios of 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 between the core
and CLKIN are supported. The CLK_CFG pins are used to
select the ratio. The CLKIN rate is the rate at which the synchro­nous external port operates.

CROSSCORE is a trademark of Analog Devices, Inc.
VisualDSP++ is a registered trademark of Analog Devices, Inc.

Power Supplies

The ADSP-21160N has separate power supply connections for
the internal (V

), external (V

DDINT

), and analog (AVDD and

DDEXT

AGND) power supplies. The internal and analog supplies must
meet the 1.9 V requirement. The external supply must meet the

3.3 V requirement. All external supply pins must be connected
to the same supply.

The PLL Filter, Figure 5, must be added for each ADSP­21160N in the system. V

is the digital core supply. It is

DDINT

recommended that the capacitors be connected directly to
AGND using short thick trace. It is recommended that the capac­itors be placed as close to AV

and AGND as possible. The

DD

connection from AGND to the (digital) ground plane should be
made after the capacitors. The use of a thick trace for AGND is
reasonable only because the PLL is a relatively low power
circuit—it does not apply to any other ADSP-21160N GND
connection.

V

DDINT

Figure 5. Analog Power (AVDD) Filter Circuit

Development Tools

10 

0.1F

AGND

0.01F

AV

DD

The ADSP-21160N is supported with a complete set of
CROSSCORE™ software and hardware development tools,
including Analog Devices emulators and VisualDSP++

®

devel­opment environment. The same emulator hardware that
supports other ADSP-2116x processors also fully emulates the
ADSP-21160N.

The VisualDSP++ project management environment lets pro­grammers develop and debug an application. This environment
includes an easy to use assembler (which is based on an algebraic
syntax), an archiver (librarian/library builder), a linker, a loader,
a cycle-accurate instruction-level simulator, a C/C++ compiler,
and a C/C++ runtime library that includes DSP and mathemat­ical functions. A key point for these tools is C/C++ code
efficiency. The compiler has been developed for efficient transla­tion of C/C++ code to DSP assembly. The DSP has architectural
features that improve the efficiency of compiled C/C++ code.

The VisualDSP++ debugger has a number of important features.
Data visualization is enhanced by a plotting package that offers
a significant level of flexibility. This graphical representation of
user data enables the programmer to quickly determine the per­formance of an algorithm. As algorithms grow in complexity, this
capability can have increasing significance on the designer’s
development schedule, increasing productivity. Statistical
profiling enables the programmer to nonintrusively poll the
processor as it is running the program. This feature, unique to
VisualDSP++, enables the software developer to passively gather
important code execution metrics without interrupting the real­time characteristics of the program. Essentially, the developer can
identify bottlenecks in software quickly and efficiently. By using
the profiler, the programmer can focus on those areas in the
program that impact performance and take corrective action.

–8– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

Debugging both C/C++ and assembly programs with the
VisualDSP++ debugger, programmers can:

• View mixed C/C++ and assembly code (interleaved

source and object information)

• Insert breakpoints

• Set conditional breakpoints on registers, memory,

and stacks

• Trace instruction execution

• Perform linear or statistical profiling of program

execution

• Fill, dump, and graphically plot the contents of memory

• Perform source level debugging

• Create custom debugger windows

The VisualDSP++ IDDE lets programmers define and manage
DSP software development. Its dialog boxes and property pages
let programmers configure and manage all of the ADSP-2116x
development tools, including the color syntax highlighting in the
VisualDSP++ editor. This capability permits programmers to:

• Control how the development tools process inputs and

generate outputs

• Maintain a one-to-one correspondence with the tool’s

command line switches

The VisualDSP++ Kernel (VDK) incorporates scheduling and
resource management tailored specifically to address the memory
and timing constraints of DSP programming. These capabilities
enable engineers to develop code more effectively, eliminating the
need to start from the very beginning, when developing new
application code. The VDK features include Threads, Critical
and Unscheduled regions, Semaphores, Events, and Device flags.
The VDK also supports Priority-based, Pre-emptive, Coopera­tive, and Time-Sliced scheduling approaches. In addition, the
VDK was designed to be scalable. If the application does not use
a specific feature, the support code for that feature is excluded
from the target system.

Because the VDK is a library, a developer can decide whether to
use it or not. The VDK is integrated into the VisualDSP++ devel­opment environment, but can also be used via standard
command line tools. When the VDK is used, the development
environment assists the developer with many error-prone tasks
and assists in managing system resources, automating the gener­ation of various VDK based objects, and visualizing the system
state, when debugging an application that uses the VDK.

VCSE is Analog Devices technology for creating, using, and
reusing software components (independent modules of substan­tial functionality) to quickly and reliably assemble software
applications. Download components from the Web and drop
them into the application. Publish component archives from
within VisualDSP++. VCSE supports component implementa­tion in C/C++ or assembly language.

Use the Expert Linker to visually manipulate the placement of
code and data on the embedded system. View memory utilization
in a color-coded graphical form, easily move code and data to
different areas of the DSP or external memory with the drag of

the mouse, examine run time stack and heap usage. The Expert
Linker is fully compatible with existing Linker Definition File
(LDF), allowing the developer to move between the graphical
and textual environments.

Analog Devices DSP emulators use the IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Test
Access Port of the ADSP-21160N processor to monitor and
control the target board processor during emulation. The
emulator provides full speed emulation, allowing inspection and
modification of memory, registers, and processor stacks. Nonin­trusive in-circuit emulation is assured by the use of the processor’s
JTAG interface—the emulator does not affect target system
loading or timing.

In addition to the software and hardware development tools
available from Analog Devices, third parties provide a wide range
of tools supporting the ADSP-2116x processor family. Hardware
tools include ADSP-2116x processor PC plug-in cards. Third
party software tools include DSP libraries, real-time operating
systems, and block diagram design tools.

Designing an Emulator-Compatible DSP
Board (Target)

The Analog Devices family of emulators are tools that every DSP
developer needs to test and debug hardware and software
systems. Analog Devices has supplied an IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Test
Access Port (TAP) on each JTAG DSP. The emulator uses the
TAP to access the internal features of the DSP, allowing the
developer to load code, set breakpoints, observe variables,
observe memory, and examine registers. The DSP must be halted
to send data and commands, but once an operation has been
completed by the emulator, the DSP system is set running at full
speed with no impact on system timing.

To use these emulators, the target board must include a header
that connects the DSP’s JTAG port to the emulator.

For details on target board design issues including mechanical
layout, single processor connections, multiprocessor scan chains,
signal buffering, signal termination, and emulator pod logic, see

EE-68: Analog Devices JTAG Emulation Technical Reference

the
the Analog Devices website (www.analog.com)—use site search
on “EE-68.” This document is updated regularly to keep pace
with improvements to emulator support.

Additional Information

This data sheet provides a general overview of the ADSP-21160N
architecture and functionality. For detailed information on the
ADSP-2116x family core architecture and instruction set, refer

ADSP-21160 SHARC DSP Hardware Reference

to the

ADSP-21160 SHARC DSP Instruction Set Reference

information on the development tools for this processor, see the

VisualDSP++ User’s Guide for SHARC Processors

PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS

ADSP-21160N pin definitions are listed below. Inputs identified
as synchronous (S) must meet timing requirements with respect
to CLKIN (or with respect to TCK for TMS, TDI). Inputs
identified as asynchronous (A) can be asserted asynchronously

TRST

to CLKIN (or to TCK for

).

. For detailed

.

and the

on

–9–REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

Tie or pull unused inputs to VDD or GND, except for the
following:

• ADDR31–0, DATA63–0, PAGE, BRST, CLKOUT

(ID2–0 = 00x) (Note: These pins have a logic-level hold
circuit enabled on the ADSP-21160N DSP with ID2–0
= 00x.)

• PA, ACK, MS3– 0, RDx, WRx, CIF, DMARx, DMAGx

(ID2–0 = 00x) (Note: These pins have a pull-up enabled
on the ADSP-21160N DSP with ID2–0 = 00x.)

Table 2. Pin Function Descriptions

Pin Type Function

ADDR31–0 I/O/T External Bus Address. The ADSP-21160N outputs addresses for external memory and

peripherals on these pins. In a multiprocessor system, the bus master outputs addresses
for read/writes of the internal memory or IOP registers of other ADSP-21160Ns. The
ADSP-21160N inputs addresses when a host processor or multiprocessing bus master
is reading or writing its internal memory or IOP registers. A keeper latch on the DSP’s
ADDR31–0 pins maintains the input at the level it was last driven (only enabled on the
ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x).

DATA63–0 I/O/T External Bus Data. The ADSP-21160N inputs and outputs data and instructions on

these pins. Pull-up resistors on unused DATA pins are not necessary. A keeper latch on
the DSP’s DATA63-0 pins maintains the input at the level it was last driven (only enabled
on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x).

MS3–0

RDL

RDH

WRL

WRH

O/T Memory Select Lines. These outputs are asserted (low) as chip selects for the corre-

s p on d i n g b a n ks o f e x t e r na l m em o r y. M em o r y b an k s iz e mu s t b e d e f i ne d i n t h e S Y S C ON
control register. The MS3–0 outputs are decoded memory address lines. In asyn­chronous access mode, the MS3–0 outputs transition with the other address outputs.
In synchronous access modes, the MS3–0 outputs assert with the other address lines;
however, they deassert after the first CLKIN cycle in which ACK is sampled asserted.
MS3–0 has a 20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with
ID2–0 = 00x.

I/O/T Memory Read Low Strobe. RDL is asserted whenever ADSP-21160N reads from the

low word of external memory or from the internal memory of other ADSP-21160Ns.
External devices, including other ADSP-21160Ns, must assert RDL for reading from
the low word of ADSP-21160N internal memory. In a multiprocessing system, RDL is
driven by the bus master. RDL has a 20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on
the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

I/O/T Memory Read High Strobe. RDH is asserted whenever ADSP-21160N reads from the

high word of external memory or from the internal memory of other ADSP-21160Ns.
External devices, including other ADSP-21160Ns, must assert RDH for reading from
the high word of ADSP-21160N internal memory. In a multiprocessing system, RDH
is driven by the bus master. RDH has a 20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled
on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

I/O/T Memory Write Low Strobe. WRL is asserted when ADSP-21160N writes to the low

word of external memory or inter nal memory of other ADSP-21160Ns. External devices
must assert WRL for writing to ADSP-21160N’s low word of internal memory. In a
multiprocessing system, WRL is driven by the bus master. WRL has a 20 kΩ internal
pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

I/O/T Memory Write High Strobe. WRH is asserted when ADSP-21160N writes to the high

word of external memory or inter nal memory of other ADSP-21160Ns. External devices
must assert WRH for writing to ADSP-21160N’s high word of internal memory. In a
multiprocessing system, WRH is driven by the bus master. WRH has a 20 kΩ internal
pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

• LxCLK, LxACK, LxDAT7–0 (LxPDRDE = 0) (Note:

See Link Port Buffer Control Register Bit definitions in
the ADSP-21160 DSP Hardware Reference.)

• DTx, DRx, TCLKx, RCLKx, EMU, TMS, TRST, TDI

(Note: These pins have a pull-up.)

The following symbols appear in the Type column of Table 2:
A = Asynchronous, G = Ground, I = Input, O = Output,
P=Power Supply, S=Synchronous, (A/D)=Active Drive,

SBTS

(O/D) = Open Drain, and T = Three-State (when
asserted, or when the ADSP-21160N is a bus slave).

is

–10– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

Table 2. Pin Function Descriptions (continued)

Pin Type Function

PAGE O/T DRAM Page Boundary. The ADSP-21160N asserts this pin to an external DRAM

controller, to signal that an external DRAM page boundary has been crossed. DRAM
page size must be defined in the ADSP-21160N’s memory control register (WAIT).
DRAM can only be implemented in ext er na l mem or y Ba nk 0 ; the PAGE si gna l can only
be activated for Bank 0 accesses. In a multiprocessing system PAGE is output by the
bus master. A keeper latch on the DSP’s PAGE pin maintains the output at the level it
was last driven (only enabled on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x).

BRST I/O/T Sequential Burst Access. BRST is asserted by ADSP-21160N or a host to indicate that

data associated with consecutive addresses is being read or written. A slave device
samples the initial address and increments an internal address counter after each
transfer. The incremented address is not pipelined on the bus. If the burst access is a
read from host to ADSP-21160N, ADSP-21160N automatically increments the address
as long as BRST is asserted. BRST is asserted after the initial access of a burst transfer.
It is asserted for every cycle after that, except for the last data request cycle (denoted by
RDx or WRx asserted and BRST negated). A keeper latch on the DSP’s BRST pin
maintains the input at the level it was last driven (only enabled on the ADSP-21160N
with ID2–0 = 00x).

ACK I/O/S Memory Acknowledge. External devices can deassert ACK (low) to add wait states to

an external memory access. ACK is used by I/O devices, memory controllers, or other
peripherals to hold off completion of an external memory access. The ADSP-21160N
deasserts ACK as an output to add wait states to a synchronous access of its internal
memory, by a synchronous host or another DSP in a multiprocessor configuration. ACK
has a 2 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with
ID2–0 = 00x.

SBTS

IRQ2–0

FLAG3–0 I/O/A Flag Pins. Each is configured via control bits as either an input or output. As an input,

TIMEXP O Timer Expired. Asserted for four Core Clock cycles when the timer is enabled and

HBR

HBG

CS

REDY O (O/D) Host Bus Acknowledge. The ADSP-21160N deasserts REDY (low) to add wait states

DMAR1

I/S Suspend Bus and Three-State. External devices can assert SBTS (low) to place the

external bus address, data, selects, and strobes in a high impedance state for the following
cycle. If the ADSP-21160N attempts to access external memory while SBTS is asserted,
the processor will halt and the memory access will not be completed until SBTS is
deasserted. SBTS should only be used to recover from host processor and/or ADSP­21160N deadlock or used with a DRAM controller.

I/A Interrupt Request Lines. These are sampled on the rising edge of CLKIN and may be

either edge-triggered or level-sensitive.

it can be tested as a condition. As an out put, it ca n be u sed to si gnal ext er nal p er iph eral s.

TCOUNT decrements to zero.

I/A Host Bus Request. Must be asserted by a host processor to request control of the ADSP-

21160N’s external bus. When HBR is asserted in a multiprocessing system, the ADSP­21160N that is bus master will relinquish the bus and assert HBG. To relinquish the
bus, the ADSP-21160N places the address, data, select, and strobe lines in a high
impedance state. HBR has priority over all ADSP-21160N bus requests (BR6–1) in a
multiprocessing system.

I/O Host Bus Grant. Acknowledges an HBR bus request, indicating that the host processor

may take control of the external bus. HBG is asserted (held low) by the ADSP-21160N
until HBR is released. In a multiprocessing system, HBG is output by the ADSP­21160N bus master and is monitored by all others. After HBR is asserted, and before

HBG is given, HBG will float for 1 t
HBG should be pulled up with a 20 kΩ to 50 kΩ external resistor.

I/A Chip Select. Asserted by host processor to select the ADSP-21160N, for asynchronous

transfer protocol.

to an asynchronous host access when CS and HBR inputs are asserted.

I/A DMA Request 1 (DMA Channel 11). Asserted by external port devices to request DMA

services. DMAR1 has a 20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP­21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

(1 CLKIN cycle). To avoid erroneous grants,

CLK

–11–REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

Table 2. Pin Function Descriptions (continued)

Pin Type Function

DMAR2 I/A DMA Request 2 (DMA Channel 12). Asserted by external port devices to request DMA

services. DMAR2 has a 20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP­21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

ID2–0 I Multiprocessing ID. Determines which multiprocessing bus request (BR1–BR6) is used

by ADSP-21160N. ID = 001 corresponds to BR1, ID = 010 corresponds to BR2, and
so on. Use ID = 000 or ID = 001 in single-processor systems. These lines are a system
configuration selection which should be hardwired or only changed at reset.

DMAG1 O/T DMA Grant 1 (DMA Channel 11). Asserted by ADSP-21160N to indicate that the

requested DMA starts on the next cycle. Driven by bus master only. DMAG1 has a
20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

DMAG2 O/T DMA Grant 2 (DMA Channel 12). Asserted by ADSP-21160N to indicate that the

requested DMA starts on the next cycle. Driven by bus master only. DMAG2 has a
20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

BR6–1

RPBA I/S Rotating Priority Bus Arbitration Select. When RPBA is high, rotating priority for

PA

DTx O Data Transmit (Serial Ports 0, 1). Each DT pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.
DRx I Data Receive (Serial Ports 0, 1). Each DR pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.
TCLKx I/O Transmit Clock (Serial Ports 0, 1). Each TCLK pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.
RCLKx I/O Receive Clock (Serial Ports 0, 1). Each RCLK pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.
TFSx I/O Transmit Frame Sync (Serial Ports 0, 1).
RFSx I/O Receive Frame Sync (Serial Ports 0, 1).
LxDAT7–0 I/O Link Port Data (Link Ports 0–5). Each LxDAT pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-down

LxCLK I/O Link Port Clock (Link Ports 0–5). Each LxCLK pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-down

LxACK I/O Link Port Acknowledge (Link Ports 0–5). Each LxACK pin has a 50 kΩ internal pull-

EBOOT I EPROM Boot Select. For a description of how this pin operates, see Table 3. This signal

LBOOT I Link Boot. For a description of how this pin operates, see Table 3. This signal is a system

BMS

CLKIN I Local Clock In. CLKIN is the ADSP-21160N clock input. The ADSP-21160N external

I/O/S Multiprocessing Bus Requests. Used by multiprocessing ADSP-21160Ns to arbitrate

for bus mastership. An ADSP-21160N only drives its own BRx line (corresponding to
the value of its ID2–0 inputs) and monitors all others. In a multiprocessor system with
less than six ADSP-21160Ns, the unused BRx pins should be pulled high; the processor’s
own BRx line must not be pulled high or low because it is an output.

multiprocessor bus arbitration is selected. When RPBA is low, fixed priority is selected.
This signal is a system configuration selection which must be set to the same value on
every ADSP-21160N. If the value of RPBA is changed during system operation, it must
be changed in the same CLKIN cycle on every ADSP-21160N.

I/O/T Priority Access. Asserting its PA pin allows an ADSP-21160N bus slave to interrupt

background DMA transfers and gain access to the external bus. PA is connected to all
ADSP-21160Ns in the system. If access priority is not required in a system, the PA pin
should be left unconnected. PA has a 20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on
the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

resistor that is enabled or disabled by the LPDRD bit of the LCTL0–1 register.

resistor that is enabled or disabled by the LPDRD bit of the LCTL0–1 register.

down resistor that is enabled or disabled by the LPDRD bit of the LCOM register.

is a system configuration selection that should be hardwired.

configuration selection that should be hardwired.

I/O/T Boot Memory Select. Serves as an output or input as selected with the EBOOT and

LBOOT pins; see Table 3. This input is a system configuration selection that should be
hardwired.

port cycles at the frequency of CLKIN. The instruction cycle rate is a multiple of the
CLKIN frequency; it is programmable at power-up. CLKIN may not be halted,
changed, or operated below the specified frequency.

–12– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

Table 2. Pin Function Descriptions (continued)

Pin Type Function

CLK_CFG3–0 I Core/CLKIN Ratio Control. ADSP-21160N core clock (instruction cycle) rate is equal

to n  CLKIN where n is user-selectable to 2, 3, or 4, using the CLK_CFG3–0 inputs.
For clock configuration definitions, see the RESET & CLKIN section of the System
Design chapter of the ADSP-21160 SHARC DSP Hardware Reference manual.

CLKOUT O/T CLKOUT is driven at the CLKIN frequency by the ADSP-21160N. This output can

be three-stated by setting the COD bit in the SYSCON register. A keeper latch on the
DSP’s CLKOUT pin maintains the output at the level it was last driven (only enabled
on the ADSP-21160N with ID2-0 = 00x). Do not use CLKOUT in multiprocessing
systems; use CLKIN instead.

RESET

TCK I Test Clock (JTAG). Provides a clock for JTAG boundary scan.
TMS I/S Test Mode Select (JTAG). Used to control the test state machine. TMS has a 20 kΩ

TDI I/S Test Data Input (JTAG). Provides serial data for the boundary scan logic. TDI has a

TDO O Test Data Output (JTAG). Serial scan output of the boundary scan path.

TRST

EMU

CIF

V

DDINT

V

DDEXT

AV

DD

AGND G Analog Power Supply Return.
GND G Power Supply Return (82 pins).
NC Do Not Connect. Reserved pins that must be left open and unconnected (9 pins).

I/A Processor Reset. Resets the ADSP-21160N to a known state and begins execution at

the program memory location specified by the hardware reset vector address. The
RESET input must be asserted (low) at power-up.

internal pull-up resistor.

20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.

I/A Test Reset (JTAG). Resets the test state machine. TRST must be asserted (pulsed low)

after power-up or held low for proper operation of the ADSP-21160N. TRST has a
20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.

O (O/D) Emulation Status. Must be connected to the ADSP-21160N emulator target board

connector only. EMU has a 50 kΩ internal pull-up resistor.

O/T Core Instruction Fetch. Signal is active low when an external instruction fetch is

performed. Driven by bus master only. Three-state when host is bus master. CIF has a
20 kΩ internal pull-up resistor that is enabled on the ADSP-21160N with ID2–0 = 00x.

P Core Power Supply. Nominally 1.9 V dc and supplies the DSP’s core processor

(40 pins).
P I/O Power Supply. Nominally 3.3 V dc (43 pins).
P Analog Power Supply. Nominally 1.9 V dc and supplies the DSP’s internal PLL (clock

generator). This pin has the same specifications as V

, except that added filtering

DDINT

circuitry is required. For more information, see Power Supplies on Page 8.

Table 3. Boot Mode Selection

EBOOT LBOOT BMS Booting Mode

1 0 Output EPROM (Connect BMS to EPROM chip select.)
0 0 1 (Input) Host Processor
0 1 1 (Input) Link Port
0 0 0 (Input) No Booting. Processor executes from external memory.
0 1 0 (Input) Reserved
1 1 x (Input) Reserved

–13–REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

SPECIFICATIONS

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

C Grade K Grade

UnitParameter Min Max Min Max

V

DDINT

AV

DD

V

DDEXT

T

CASE

V

IH1

V

IH2

V

IL

Specifications subject to change without notice.

1

See Environmental Conditions on Page 42 for information on thermal specifications.

2

Applies to input and bidirectional pins: DATA63–0, ADDR31–0, RDx, WRx, ACK, SBTS, IRQ2–0, FLAG3–0, HBG, CS, DMAR1, DMAR2, BR6–1,

ID2–0, RPBA, PA, BRST, TFS0, TFS1, RFS0, RFS1, LxDAT3–0, LxCLK, LxACK, EBOOT, LBOOT, BMS, TMS, TDI, TCK, HBR, DR0, DR1,
TCLK0, TCLK1, RCLK0, RCLK1.

3

Applies to input pins: CLKIN, RESET, TRST.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Internal (Core) Supply Voltage 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 V
Analog (PLL) Supply Voltage 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 V
External (I/O) Supply Voltage 3.13 3.47 3.13 3.47 V

2, 3

1

@ V

– 40 +100 0 85 ºC

=Max

DDEXT

=Max

DDEXT

=Min –0.5 +0.8 –0.5 +0.8 V

DDEXT

2.0 V

2.0 V

+0.5 2.0 V

DDEXT

+0.5 2.0 V

DDEXT

DDEXT

DDEXT

+0.5 V
+0.5 V

Case Operating Temperature
High Level Input Voltage,2 @ V
High Level Input Voltage,3 @ V
Low Level Input Voltage,

Parameter Test Conditions Min Max Unit

V

OH

V

OL

I

IH

I

IL

I

IHC

I

ILC

I

IKH

I

IKL

I

IKH-OD

I

IKL-OD

I

ILPU1

I

ILPU2

I

OZH

I

OZL

I

OZHPD

I

OZLPU1

I

OZLPU2

I

OZHA

I

OZLA

I

DD-INPEAK

I

DD-INHIGH

I

DD-INLOW

I

DD-IDLE

AI

DD

C

IN

Specifications subject to change without notice.

1

Applies to output and bidirectional pins: DATA63–0, ADDR31–0, MS3–0, RDx, WRx, PAGE, CLKOUT, ACK, FLAG3–0, TIMEXP, HBG, REDY,

DMAG1, DMAG2, BR6–1, PA, BRST, CIF, DT0, DT1, TCLK0, TCLK1, RCLK0, RCLK1, TFS0, TFS1, RFS0, RFS1, LxDAT3–0, LxCLK, LxACK,
BMS, TDO, EMU.

2

See Output Drive Currents on Page 40 for typical drive current capabilities.

3

Applies to input pins: SBTS, IRQ2–0, HBR, CS, ID2–0, RPBA, EBOOT, LBOOT, CLKIN, RESET, TCK, CLK_CFG3-0.

4

Applies to input pins with internal pull-ups: DR0, DR1.

5

Applies to input pins with internal pull-ups: DMARx, TMS, TDI, TRST.

High Level Output Voltage
Low Level Output Voltage
High Level Input Current
Low Level Input Current
CLKIN High Level Input Current
CLKIN Low Level Input Current
Keeper High Load Current
Keeper Low Load Current
Keeper High Overdrive Current7, 8,
Keeper Low Overdrive Current7, 8,
Low Level Input Current Pull-Up1
Low Level Input Current Pull-Up2
Three-State Leakage Current
Three-State Leakage Current
Three-State Leakage Current Pull-Down13@ V
Three-State Leakage Current Pull-Up1
Three-State Leakage Current Pull-Up2
Three-State Leakage Current
Three-State Leakage Current
Supply Current (Internal)
Supply Current (Internal)
Supply Current (Internal)
Supply Current (Idle)
Supply Current (Analog)
Input Capacitance

19, 20

1

1

3, 4, 5

3

6

6

7

7

9

9

4

5

10, 11, 12, 13

10

14

14

15

16

17

18

6

@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V
@ V

11

@ V

12

@ V
@ V
@ V
t

CCLK

t

CCLK

t

CCLK

t

CCLK

=Min, IOH=–2.0 mA

DDEXT

=Min, IOL=4.0 mA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=VDD Max 10 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 10 µA

DDEXT

= Max, VIN = V

DDEXT

= Max, VIN = 0 V 25 µA

DDEXT

= Max, VIN = 2.0 V –250 –50 µA

DDEXT

= Max, VIN = 0.8 V 50 200 µA

DDEXT

= Max –300 µA

DDEXT

= Max 300 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 250 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 500 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=VDD Max 10 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 10 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=V

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 250 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 500 µA

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=V

DDEXT

=Max, VIN=0 V 4 mA

DDEXT

=10.0 ns, V
=10.0 ns, V
=10.0 ns, V
=10.0 ns, V

=Max 960 mA

DDINT

=Max 715 mA

DDINT

=Max 550 mA

DDINT

=Max 450 mA

DDINT

@AVDD=Max 10 mA
fIN=1 MHz, T

=25°C, VIN=2.5 V 4.7 pF

CASE

2

2

Max 25 µA

DDEXT

Max 250 µA

DD

Max 25 µA

DD

2.4 V

0.4 V

–14– REV. 0

ADSP-21160N

6

Applies to CLKIN only.

7

Applies to all pins with keeper latches: ADDR31–0, DATA63–0, PAGE, BRST, CLKOUT.

8

Current required to switch from kept high to low or from kept low to high.

9

Characterized, but not tested.

10

Applies to three-statable pins: DATA63–0, ADDR31–0, PAGE, CLKOUT, ACK, FLAG3–0, REDY, HBG, BMS, BR6–1, TFSx, RFSx, TDO.

11

Applies to three-statable pins with internal pull-ups: DTx, TCLKx, RCLKx, EMU.

12

Applies to three-statable pins with internal pull-ups: MS3–0, RDx, WRx, DMAGx, PA, CIF.

13

Applies to three-statable pins with internal pull-downs: LxDAT7–0, LxCLK, LxACK.

14

Applies to ACK pulled up internally with 2 kΩ during reset or ID2–0 = 00x.

15

The test program used to measure I

internal power measurements made using typical applications are less than specified. For more information, see Power Dissipation on Page 40.

16

I

DD-INHIGH

17

I

DD-INLOW

18

Idle denotes ADSP-21160N state during execution of IDLE instruction. For more information, see Power Dissipation on Page 40.

19

Applies to all signal pins.

20

Guaranteed, but not tested.

is a composite average based on a range of high activity code. For more information, see Power Dissipation on Page 40.

is a composite average based on a range of low activity code. For more information, see Power Dissipation on Page 40.

DD-INPEAK

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Internal (Core) Supply Voltage (V

Analog (PLL) Supply Voltage (AVDD)1. . . . –0.3 V to +2.3 V

External (I/O) Supply Voltage (V

1

Input Voltage
Output Voltage Swing
Load Capacitance
Storage Temperature Range

1

Stresses greater than those listed above may cause permanent damage to the

device. These are stress ratings only; functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions greater than those indicated in the operational sections
of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating con di­tions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to V

1

. . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to V

1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200 pF

1

represents worst-case processor operation and is not sustainable under normal application conditions. Actual

)1. . –0.3 V to +2.3 V

DDINT

)1 . . –0.3 V to +4.6 V

DDEXT

+ 0.5 V

DDEXT

+ 0.5 V

DDEXT

. . . . . . . . . . .–65°C to +150°C

ESD SENSITIVITY

CAUTION

ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V
readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without
detection. Although the ADSP-21160N features proprietary ESD protection circuitry,
permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic
discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance
degradation or loss of functionality.

–15–REV. 0