synchronized operation up to 1 MHz
Supply input range: 3.7 V to 20 V
Wide power stage input range: 1 V to 24 V
Interleaved operation results in smaller, low cost input
ca
pacitor
All-N-channel MOSFET design for low cost
±0.85% accuracy at 0°C t
Soft start, thermal overload, current-limit protection
10 μA shutdown supply current
Internal linear regulator
Lossless R
current-limit sensing
DSON
Reverse current protection during soft start for handling
pr
echarged outputs
Independent Power OK (POK) outputs
Voltage tracking for sequencing or DDR termination
Available in 5 mm × 5 mm, 32-lead LFCSP
APPLICATIONS
Telecommunications and networking systems
Medical imaging systems
Base station power
Set-top boxes
Printers
DDR termination
o 70°C
DC-to-DC Controller with Tracking
ADP1823
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
IN = 12V
390pF
4.53kΩ
180µF
IRLR7807Z
2kΩ
1kΩ
1.8V,
8A
560µF560µF
1.2V,
6A
180µF
IRLR7807Z
2kΩ
2kΩ
1µF
EN1
PV IN
TRK1
EN2
TRK2
VREG
BST2
0.47µF
2.2µH2.2µH
IRFR3709Z
3900pF
4.53kΩ
BST1
DH2
DH1
ADP1823
SW2
SW1
2kΩ2kΩ
390pF
CSL1
DL1
PGND1
FB1
COMP1
GND
Figure 1.
CSL2
DL2
PGND2
FB2
COMP2
FREQ
LDOSD
SYNC
0.47µF
IRFR3709Z
3900pF
05936-001
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADP1823 is a versatile, dual, interleaved, synchronous,
PWM buck controller that generates two independent output
rails from an input of 3.7 V to 20 V, with a power input voltage
that ranges from 1 V to 24 V. Each controller can be configured
to provide output voltages from 0.6 V to 85% of the input voltage
and is sized to handle large MOSFETs for point-of-load regulators.
The two channels operate 180° out of phase, reducing stress on
the input capacitor and allowing smaller, low cost components.
The ADP1823 is ideal for a wide range of high power applications,
such as DSP and processor core I/O power, and general-purpose
power in telecommunications, medical imaging, PCs, gaming,
and industrial applications.
Rev. D
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Anal og Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or ot her
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
The ADP1823 operates at a pin-selectable, fixed switching
f
requency of either 300 kHz or 600 kHz, minimizing external
component size and cost. For noise sensitive applications, it can
also be synchronized to an external clock to achieve switching
frequencies between 300 kHz and 1 MHz. The ADP1823 includes
soft start protection to prevent inrush current from the input
supply during startup, reverse current protection during soft
start for precharged outputs, as well as a unique adjustable
lossless current-limit scheme using external MOSFET sensing.
For applications requiring power supply sequencing, the
AD
P1823 also provides tracking inputs that allow the output
voltages to track during startup, shutdown, and faults. This
feature can also be used to implement DDR memory bus
termination.
The ADP1823 is specified over the −40°C to +125°C junction
emperature range and is available in a 32-lead LFCSP.
Changes to Ordering Guide.......................................................... 31
4/06—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. D | Page 2 of 32
ADP1823
www.BDTIC.com/ADI
SPECIFICATIONS
IN = 12 V, ENx = FREQ = PV = VREG = 5 V, SYNC = GND, TJ = −40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise specified. All limits at temperature
extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard statistical quality control (SQC). Typical values are at T
Table 1.
Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
POWER SUPPLY
IN Input Voltage PV = VREG (using internal regulator) 5.5 20 V
IN = PV = VREG (not using internal regulator) 3.7 5.5 V
IN Quiescent Current Not switching, I
IN Shutdown Current EN1 = EN2 = GND 10 20 A
VREG Undervoltage Lockout Threshold VREG rising 2.4 2.7 2.9 V
VREG Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis 0.125 V
ERROR AMPLIFIER
FB1, FB2 Regulation Voltage TA = 25°C, TRK1, TRK2 > 700 mV 597 600 603 mV
T
T
T
FB1, FB2 Input Bias Current 100 nA
Open-Loop Voltage Gain 70 dB
Gain-Bandwidth Product 20 MHz
COMP1, COMP2 Sink Current 600 A
COMP1, COMP2 Source Current 120 A
COMP1, COMP2 Clamp High Voltage 2.4 V
COMP1, COMP2 Clamp Low Voltage 0.75 V
LINEAR REGULATOR
VREG Output Voltage TA = 25°C, I
VREG Load Regulation I
VREG Line Regulation IN = 7 V to 20 V, I
VREG Current Limit VREG = 4 V 220 mA
VREG Short-Circuit Current VREG < 0.5 V 50 140 200 mA
IN to VREG Dropout Voltage I
VREG Minimum Output Capacitance 1 F
SS1, SS2 Pull-Up Resistance SS1, SS2 = GND 90 kΩ
SS1, SS2 Pull-Down Resistance SS1, SS2 = 0.6 V 6 kΩ
SS1, SS2 to FB1, FB2 Offset Voltage SS1, SS2 = 0 mV to 500 mV −45 mV
SS1, SS2 Pull-Up Voltage 0.8 V
TRACKING
TRK1, TRK2 Common-Mode Input Voltage Range 0 600 mV
TRK1, TRK2 to FB1, FB2 Offset Voltage TRK1, TRK2 = 0 mV to 500 mV −5 +5 mV
TRK1, TRK2 Input Bias Current 100 nA
= 0°C to 85°C, TRK1, TRK2 > 700 mV 591 609 mV
J
= −40°C to +125°C, TRK1, TRK2 > 700 mV 588 612 mV
J
= 0°C to 70°C, TRK1, TRK2 > 700 mV 595 605 mV
J
IN = 7 V to 20 V, I
= −40°C to +85°C
T
A
= 0 mA to 100 mA, IN = 12 V −40 mV
VREG
= 100 mA, IN < 5 V 0.7 1.4 V
VREG
= 0 mA 1.5 3 mA
VREG
= 20 mA 4.85 5.0 5.15 V
VREG
= 0 mA to 100 mA,
VREG
= 20 mA 1 mV
VREG
= 25°C.
A
4.75 5.0 5.25 V
Rev. D | Page 3 of 32
ADP1823
www.BDTIC.com/ADI
Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
OSCILLATOR
Oscillator Frequency SYNC = FREQ = GND (fSW = f
SYNC = GND, FREQ = VREG (fSW = f
SYNC Synchronization Range
1
FREQ = GND, SYNC = 600 kHz to 1.2 MHz (fSW = f
FREQ = VREG, SYNC = 1.2 MHz to 2 MHz (fSW = f
SYNC Minimum Input Pulse Width 200 ns
CURRENT SENSE
CSL1, CSL2 Threshold Voltage Relative to PGND −30 0 +30 mV
CSL1, CSL2 Output Current CSL1, CSL2 = PGND 44 50 56 A
Current Sense Blanking Period 100 ns
GATE DRIVERS
DH1, DH2 Rise Time CDH = 3 nF, V
DH1, DH2 Fall Time CDH = 3 nF, V
− VSW = 5 V 15 ns
BST
− VSW = 5 V 10 ns
BST
DL1, DL2 Rise Time CDL = 3 nF 15 ns
DL1, DL2 Fall Time CDL = 3 nF 10 ns
DH to DL, DL to DH Dead Time 40 ns
LOGIC THRESHOLDS
SYNC, FREQ, LDOSD Input High Voltage 2.2 V
SYNC, FREQ, LDOSD Input Low Voltage 0.4 V
SYNC, FREQ Input Leakage Current SYNC, FREQ = 0 V to 5.5 V 1 A
LDOSD Pull-Down Resistance 100 kΩ
EN1, EN2 Input High Voltage IN = 3.7 V to 20 V 2.0 V
EN1, EN2 Input Low Voltage IN = 3.7 V to 20 V 0.8 V
EN1, EN2 Current Source EN1, EN2 = 0 V to 3.0 V −0.05 −0.6 −1.5 A
EN1, EN2 Input Impedance to 5 V Zener EN1, EN2 = 5.5 V to 20 V 100 kΩ
FB1, UV2 Undervoltage Hysteresis 50 mV
POK1, POK2 Propagation Delay 8 s
POK1, POK2 Off Leakage Current V
POK1, POK2 Output Low Voltage I
POK1
POK1
, V
= 5.5 V 1 A
POK2
, I
= 10 mA 150 500 mV
POK2
UV2 Input Bias Current 10 100 nA
1
SYNC input frequency is 2× the single-channel switching frequency. The SYNC frequency is divided by 2, and the separate phases were used to clock the controllers.
2
Guaranteed by design and not subject to production test.
) 240 300 370 kHz
OSC
) 480 600 720 kHz
OSC
/2) 300 600 kHz
SYNC
/2) 600 1000 kHz
SYNC
°C
°C
Rev. D | Page 4 of 32
ADP1823
www.BDTIC.com/ADI
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2.
Parameter Rating
IN, EN1, EN2 −0.3 V to +20 V
BST1, BST2 −0.3 V to +30 V
BST1, BST2 to SW1, SW2 −0.3 V to +6 V
CSL1, CSL2 −1 V to +30 V
SW1, SW2 −2 V to +30 V
DH1 SW1 − 0.3 V to BST1 + 0.3 V
DH2 SW2 − 0.3 V to BST2 + 0.3 V
DL1, DL2 to PGND −0.3 V to PV + 0.3 V
PGND to GND ±2 V
LDOSD, SYNC, FREQ, COMP1,
−0.3 V to +6 V
COMP2, SS1, SS2, FB1, FB2, VREG,
PV, POK1, POK2, TRK1, TRK2
θJA 4-Layer
(JEDEC Standard Board)
1, 2
45°C/W
Operating Ambient Temperature −40°C < TA < +85°C
Operating Junction Temperature
3
−55°C < TJ < +125°C
Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C
1
Measured with exposed pad attached to PCB.
2
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θJA) of the package is based on
modeling and calculation using a 4-layer board. The junction-to-ambient
thermal resistance is application and board-layout dependent. In appl ications
where high maximum power dissipation exists, attention to thermal
dissipation issues in board design is required. For more information, refer
to Application Note AN-772, A Design and Manufacturing Guide for the Lead Frame Chip Scale Package (LFCSP).
3
In applications where high power dissipation and poor package thermal
resistance are present, the maximum ambient temperature may have to be
derated. Maximum ambient temperature (T
maximum operating junction temperature (T
power dissipation of the device in the application (P
to-ambient thermal resistance of the part/package in the application (θJA),
and is given by: T
A_MAX
= T
J_MAX_OP
− (θJA × P
) is dependent on the
A_MAX
= 125oC), the maximum
J_MAX_OP
D_MAX
).
D_MAX
), and the junction-
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Feedback Voltage Input for Channel 1. Connect a resistor divider fr
om the buck regulator output to GND and
tie the tap to FB1 to set the output voltage.
2 SYNC
Frequency Synchronization Input. Accepts external signal between 600 kHz and 1.2 MHz or between 1.2 MHz
and 2 MH
z depending on whether FREQ is low or high, respectively. Connect SYNC to ground if not used.
3 FREQ Frequency Select Input. Low for 300 kHz or high for 600 kHz.
4 GND
5 UV2
Ground. Connect to a ground plane directly beneath the ADP1823. Tie the bottom of the feedback dividers to
this GND
Input to the POK2 Undervoltage and Overvoltage Compar
.
ators. For the default thresholds, connect UV2
directly to FB2. For some tracking applications, connect UV2 to an extra tap on the FB2 voltage divider string.
6 FB2
Feedback Voltage Input for Channel 2. Connect a resistor divider fr
om the buck regulator output to GND and
tie the tap to FB2 to set the output voltage.
7 COMP2 Error Amplifier Output for Channel 2. Connect an RC network from COMP2 to FB2 to compensate Channel 2.
8 TRK2
Tracking Input for Channel 2. To track a master voltage
, drive TRK2 from a voltage divider to the master
voltage. If the tracking function is not used, connect TRK2 to VREG.
9 SS2 Soft Start Control Input. Connect a capacitor from SS2 to GND to set the soft start period.
10 POK2
Open-Drain Power OK Output for Channel 2. Sinks current when UV2 is out of r
egulation. Connect a pull-up
resistor from POK2 to VREG.
11 BST2
Boost Capacitor Input for Channel 2. Powers the high-side ga
te driver, DH2. Connect a 0.22 F to 0.47 F
ceramic capacitor from BST2 to SW2 and a Schottky diode from PV to BST2.
12 DH2 High-Side (Switch) Gate Driver Output for Channel 2.
13 SW2 Switch Node Connection for Channel 2.
14 CSL2
Current Sense Comparator Inverting Input for Channel 2. Connect a resistor between CSL2 and SW2 to set
rent-limit offset.
the cur
15 PGND2 Ground for Channel 2 Gate Driver. Connect to a ground plane directly beneath the ADP1823.
16 DL2 Low-Side (Synchronous Rectifier) Gate Driver Output for Channel 2.
17 PV
Positive Input Voltage for Gate Driver DL1 and Gate Driv
er DL2. Connect PV to VREG and bypass to ground
with a 1 µF capacitor.
18 DL1 Low-Side (Synchronous Rectifier) Gate Driver Output for Channel 1.
19 PGND1 Ground for Channel 1 Gate Driver. Connect to a ground plane directly beneath the ADP1823.
20 CSL1
Current Sense Comparator Inverting Input for Channel 1. Connect a resistor between CSL1 and SW1 to set
rent-limit offset.
the cur
21 SW1 Switch Node Connection for Channel 1.
22 DH1 High-Side (Switch) Gate Driver Output for Channel 1.
23 BST1
Boost Capacitor Input for Channel 1. Powers the high-side ga
te driver, DH1. Connect a 0.22 F to 0.47 F
ceramic capacitor from BST1 to SW1 and a Schottky diode from PV to BST1.
Rev. D | Page 7 of 32
ADP1823
www.BDTIC.com/ADI
Pin No. Mnemonic Description
24 POK1
25 EN1
26 EN2
27 LDOSD
28 IN
29 VREG
30 SS1 Soft Start Control Input. Connect a capacitor from SS1 to GND to set the soft start period.
31 TRK1
32 COMP1 Error Amplifier Output for Channel 1. Connect an RC network from COMP1 to FB1 to compensate Channel 1.
Open-Drain Power OK Output for Channel 1. Sinks current when FB1 is out of r
resistor from POK1 to VREG.
Enable Input for Channel 1. Drive EN1 high to turn on the Chann
the Channel 1 controller. Enabling starts the internal LDO. Tie to IN for automatic startup.
Enable Input for Channel 2. Drive EN2 high to turn on the Chann
the Channel 2 controller. Enabling starts the internal LDO. Tie to IN for automatic startup.
LDO Shut-Down Input. Only used to shut do
Otherwise, connect LDOSD to GND or leave it open because it has an internal 100 kΩ pull-down resistor.
Input Supply to the Internal Linear Regulator. Drive IN with 5.5
For input voltages between 3.7 V and 5.5 V, tie IN to VREG and PV.
Output of the Internal Linear Regulator (LDO). The internal cir
Bypass VREG to the ground plane with a 1 F ceramic capacitor.
Tracking Input for Channel 1. To track a master voltage, dr
If the tracking function is not used, connect TRK1 to VREG.
wn the LDO in those applications where IN is tied directly to VREG.
el 1 controller, and drive it low to turn off
el 2 controller, and drive it low to turn off
V to 20 V to power the ADP1823 from the LDO.
cuitry and gate drivers are powered from VREG.
ive TRK1 from a voltage divider to the master voltage.
egulation. Connect a pull-up
Rev. D | Page 8 of 32
ADP1823
www.BDTIC.com/ADI
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
95
90
85
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
75
VIN = 5V
VIN = 12V
VIN = 20V
VIN = 15V
92
90
88
86
84
EFFICIENCY (%)
82
80
SWITCHI NG FREQUENCY = 300kHz
SWITCHI NG FREQUENCY = 600kHz
70
02
Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Load Current, V
51015
LOAD CURRENT (A)
= 1.8 V, 300 kHz Switching
OUT
0
05936-004
78
020
Figure 7. Efficiency vs. Load Current, V
95
V
= 3.3V
OUT
90
85
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
75
70
02
51015
Figure 5. Efficiency vs. Load Current, V
94
92
90
88
86
SWITCHING FREQUENCY = 600kHz
84
EFFICIENCY (%)
82
80
78
02
51015
Figure 6. Efficiency vs. Load Current, V
V
= 1.8V
OUT
V
= 1.2V
OUT
LOAD CURRENT (A)
= 12 V, 300 kHz Switching
IN
SWITCHI NG FREQUENCY = 300kHz
LOAD CURRENT (A)
= 5 V, V
IN
OUT
= 1.8 V
0
05936-005
0
05936-006
4.980
4.975
4.970
VREG VOLTAGE (V)
4.965
4.960
–4085
Figure 8. VREG Voltage vs. Temperature
4.970
4.968
4.966
4.964
4.962
4.960
VREG (V)
4.958
4.956
4.954
4.952
4.950
520
Figure 9. VREG vs. Input Voltage, 10 mA Load
51015
LOAD CURRENT (A)
= 12 V, V
IN
OUT
–15103560
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
811
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1417
= 1.8 V
05936-007
05936-008
05936-009
Rev. D | Page 9 of 32
ADP1823
www.BDTIC.com/ADI
4.960
0.6010
4.956
4.952
VREG (V)
4.948
4.944
4.940
0100
20406080
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
Figure 10. VREG vs. Load Current, VIN = 12 V
5
4
3
2
VREG OUTPUT (V)
1
0.6005
0.6000
0.5995
0.5990
FEEDBACK VOLT AGE (V)
0.5985
0.5980
–4085
05936-010
–15103560
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
05936-013
Figure 13. Feedback Voltage vs. Temperature, VIN = 12 V
330
320
310
300
290
FREQUENCY (Hz)
280
270
0
050100150200250
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
Figure 11. VREG Current-Limit Foldback
T
VREG, AC-CO UPLED, 1V/ DIV
SW2 PIN, V
= 1.2V, 10V /DIV
OUT
SW1 PIN, V
200ns/DIV
= 1.8V, 10V/DIV
OUT
Figure 12. VREG Output During Normal Operation
260
–4085
05936-011
–15103560
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
05936-014
Figure 14. Switching Frequency vs. Temperature, VIN = 12 V
5
4
3
2
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
1
05936-012
0
22
58111417
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
0
05936-015
Figure 15. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
Rev. D | Page 10 of 32
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