Analog Devices ADL5390 Datasheet

FEATURES

Matched pair of multiplying VGAs
Broad frequency range 20 MHz to 2.4 GHz
Continuous magnitude control from +5 dB to −30 dB
Output third-order intercept 24 dBm
Output 1 dB compression point 11 dBm
Output noise floor −148 dBm/Hz
Adjustable modulation bandwidth up to 230 MHz
Fast output power disable
Single-supply voltage 4.75 V to 5.25 V

APPLICATIONS

PA linearization and predistortion
Amplitude and phase modulation
Variable matched attenuator and/or phase shifter
Cellular base stations
Radio links
Fixed wireless access
Broadband/CATV
RF/IF analog multiplexer

RF/IF Vector Multiplier

ADL5390

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

VPRF

INMQ

INPQ

CMRF

INPI

INMI

CMOP

Figure 1.

VPS2OBBMQBBP

RFOP

RFOM

DSOPIBBMIBBP

04954-001

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADL5390 vector multiplier consists of a matched pair of
broadband variable gain amplifiers whose outputs are summed.
The separate gain controls for each amplifier are linear-in­magnitude. If the two input RF signals are in quadrature, the
vector multiplier can be configured as a vector modulator or as
a variable attenuator/phase shifter by using the gain control pins
as Cartesian variables. In this case, the output amplitude can be
controlled from a maximum of +5 dB to less than –30 dB, and
the phase can be shifted continuously over the entire 360°
range. Since the signal paths are linear, the original modulation
on the inputs is preserved. If the two signals are independent,
then the vector multiplier can function as a 2:1 multiplexer or
can provide fading from one channel to another.

The ADL5390 operates over a wide frequency range of 20 MHz
to 2400 MHz. For a maximum gain setting on one channel at
380 MHz, the ADL5390 delivers an OP1dB of 11 dBm, an OIP3
of 24 dBm, and an output noise floor of −148 dBm/Hz. The gain
and phase matching between the two VGAs is better than 0.5 dB
and 1°, respectively, over most of the operating range.

The gain control inputs are dc-coupled with a +/−500 mV dif­ferential full-scale range centered about a 500 mV common
mode. The maximum modulation bandwidth is 230 MHz,
which can be reduced by adding external capacitors to limit the
noise bandwidth on the control lines.

Both the RF inputs and outputs can be used differentially or
single-ended and must be ac-coupled. The impedance of each
VGA RF input is 250 Ω to ground, and the differential output
impedance is nominally 50 Ω over the operating frequency
range. The DSOP pin allows the output stage to be disabled
quickly to protect subsequent stages from overdrive. The
ADL5390 operates off supply voltages from 4.75 V to 5.25 V
while consuming 135 mA.

The ADL5390 is fabricated on Analog Devices’ proprietary,
high performance 25 GHz SOI complementary bipolar IC
process. It is available in a 24-lead, Pb-free CSP package and
operates over a −40°C to +85°C temperature range. Evaluation
boards are available.

Rev. 0

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use.
Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication
or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Anal og Devices. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] © 2004 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.

www.analog.com

ADL5390

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Specifications..................................................................................... 3

RF Output and Matching .......................................................... 13

Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5

ESD Caution.................................................................................. 5

Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 6

Typical Performance Characteristics............................................. 7

General Structure ........................................................................... 11

Theory of Operation ..................................................................11

Noise and Distortion.................................................................. 11

Applications..................................................................................... 12

Using the ADL5390.................................................................... 12

RF Input and Matching.............................................................. 12

REVISION HISTORY

10/04—Revision 0: Initial Version

Driving the I-Q Baseband Gain Controls............................... 13

Interfacing to High Speed DACs.............................................. 14

Generalized Modulator ............................................................. 15

Vec t or Mo d ul a t or ....................................................................... 15

Vector Modulator Example—CDMA2000 ............................. 15

Quadrature Modulator.............................................................. 17

RF Multiplexer............................................................................ 18

Evaluation Board ............................................................................ 19

Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 23

Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 23

Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 24

ADL5390

SPECIFICATIONS

VS = 5 V, TA = 25°C, ZO = 50 Ω, FRF = 380 MHz, single-ended source drive to INPI and INPQ, and INMI and INMQ are ac-coupled to
common, unless otherwise noted. 66.5 Ω termination resistors before ac-coupling capacitors on INPI and INPQ. The specifications refer
to one active channel with the other channel input terminated in 50 Ω. The common-mode level for the gain control inputs is 0.5 V. A
maximum gain setpoint of 1.0 refers to a differential gain control voltage of 0.5 V.

Table 1.

Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

OVERALL FUNCTION

Frequency Range
Gain Control Range Relative to maximum gain 35 dB

GAIN CONTROL INTERFACE (I and Q) QBBP, QBBM, IBBM, IBBP (Pins 4, 5, 14, 15)

Gain Scaling 3.5 1/V
Modulation Bandwidth

Second Harmonic Distortion

Third Harmonic Distortion

Step Response For gain from −15 dB to +5 dB 45 ns
For gain from +5 dB to −15 dB 47 ns

FRF = 70 MHz

Maximum Gain Maximum gain setpoint 4.6 dB
Gain Conformance Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 0.25 dB
Output Noise Floor Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input −149 dBm/Hz
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz −146 dBm/Hz
Output IP3

Output 1 dB Compression Point Maximum gain setpoint 10.7 dBm
Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain setpoint = 0.1 6.7 dBm
Gain Flatness Over any 60 MHz bandwidth 0.25 dB
Gain Matching At maximum gain setpoint 0.5 dB
Phase Matching At maximum gain setpoint ±0.25 Degrees
Input Impedance INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)

Output Return Loss

FRF = 140 MHz

Maximum Gain Maximum gain setpoint 4.5 dB
Gain Conformance Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 0.25 dB
Output Noise Floor Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input −144 dBm/Hz
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz −145 dBm/Hz
Output IP3

Output 1 dB Compression Point Maximum gain setpoint 11 dBm
Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain setpoint = 0.1 7.1 dBm
Gain Flatness Over any 60 MHz bandwidth 0.25 dB
Gain Matching At maximum gain setpoint 0.5 dB
Phase Matching At maximum gain setpoint ±0.25 Degrees
Input Impedance INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)

Output Return Loss

FRF = 380 MHz

Maximum Gain Maximum gain setpoint 4.1 dB
Gain Conformance Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 0.25 dB

20 2400 MHz

500 mV p-p, sinusoidal baseband input single-

230 MHz

ended
500 mV p-p, 1 MHz, sinusoidal baseband input

45 dBc

differential
500 mV p-p, 1 MHz, sinusoidal baseband input

55 dBc

differential

= 70 MHz, F

F

RF1

= 72.5 MHz, maximum gain

RF2

23 dBm

setpoint

Ohms||pF

RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through

250||1

9.7 dB

balun

= 140 MHz, F

F

RF1

= 142.5 MHz, maximum

RF2

24.4 dBm

gain setpoint

Ohms||pF

RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through

250||1

9.6 dB

balun

Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 24

ADL5390

Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Output Noise Floor Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input −147.5 dBm/Hz
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz −146 dBm/Hz
Output IP3

= 380 MHz, F

F

RF1

= 382.5 MHz, maximum

RF2

gain setpoint
Output 1 dB Compression Point Maximum gain setpoint 11.3 dBm
Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain setpoint = 0.1 8.3 dBm
Gain Flatness Over any 60 MHz bandwidth 0.25 dB
Gain Matching At maximum gain setpoint 0.5 dB
Phase Matching At maximum gain setpoint ±0.5 Degrees
Input Impedance INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)

Output Return Loss

RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through

balun

FRF = 900 MHz

Maximum Gain Maximum gain setpoint 4.5 dB
Gain Conformance Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 0.4 dB
Output Noise Floor Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input −149.5 dBm/Hz
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz −148 dBm/Hz
Output IP3

= 900 MHz, F

F

RF1

= 902.5 MHz, maximum

RF2

gain setpoint
Output 1 dB Compression Point Maximum gain setpoint 11.5 dBm
Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain setpoint = 0.1 8.5 dBm
Gain Flatness Over any 60 MHz bandwidth 0.25 dB
Gain Matching At maximum gain setpoint 0.6 dB
Phase Matching At maximum gain setpoint ±1 Degrees
Input Impedance INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)

Output Return Loss

RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through

balun

FRF = 2400 MHz

Maximum Gain Maximum gain setpoint 7.0 dB
Gain Conformance Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 0.5 dB
Output Noise Floor Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input −147 dBm/Hz
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz −144 dBm/Hz
Output IP3

= 2400 MHz, F

F

RF1

= 2402.5 MHz, maximum

RF2

gain setpoint
Output 1 dB Compression Point Maximum gain setpoint 9.6 dBm
Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain setpoint = 0.1 4.3 dBm
Gain Flatness Over any 60 MHz bandwidth 0.25 dB
Gain Matching At maximum gain setpoint 0.8 dB
Phase Matching At maximum gain setpoint ±2.5 Degrees
Input Impedance INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)

Output Return Loss

RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through

balun

POWER SUPPLY VPRF, VPS2 (Pin 1, 18, 6); RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10)

Positive Supply Voltage 4.75 5 5.25 V

Total Supply Current Includes load current 135 mA

OUTPUT DISABLE DSOP (Pin 13)

Disable Threshold 2.5 V
Maximum Attenuation DSOP = 5 V 40 dB
Enable Response Time

Delay following high-to-low transition until

device meets full specifications
Disable Response Time

Delay following low-to-high transition until

device produces full attenuation

24.2 dBm

200||1

Ohms||pF

8.5 dB

23.3 dBm

180||0.6

Ohms||pF

6.8 dB

18.7 dBm

140||0.5

Ohms||pF

13.5 dB

15 ns

10 ns

Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 24

ADL5390

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Table 2.

Parameters Rating

Supply Voltage VPRF, VPS2 5.5 V
DSOP 5.5 V
IBBP, IBBM, QBBP, QBBM 2.5 V
RFOP, RFOM 5.5 V
RF Input Power at Maximum Gain 10 dBm for 50 Ω

(INPI or INPQ, Single-Ended Drive)

Equivalent Voltage 2.0 V p-p
Internal Power Dissipation 825 mW
θJA (With Pad Soldered to Board) 59°C/W
Maximum Junction Temperature 125°C
Operating Temperature Range −40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C

Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational sec­tion of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.

ESD CAUTION

ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the
human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features
proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy
electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance
degradation or loss of functionality.

Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 24

ADL5390

PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS

CMRF

INPQ

INMQ

INMI

INPI

24

23 22 21 20 19

CMRF

VPRF

QFLP
QFLM
QBBP

QBBM

VPS2

1

2

3

4

5

6

ADL5390

TOP VIEW

(Not to Scale)

7 8 9 101112

RFOP

CMOP

CMOP

RFOM

CMOP

CMOP

18

VPRF

17

IFLP

16

IFLM

15

IBBP

14

IBBM

13

DSOP

04954-002

Figure 2. LFCSP Pin Configuration

Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions

Pin No. Mnemonic Description

2, 3 QFLP, QFLM

Q Baseband Input Filter Pins. Connect optional capacitor to reduce Q baseband gain control channel low-

pass corner frequency.
4, 5 QBBP, QBBM Q Channel Differential Baseband Gain Control Inputs. Typical common-mode bias level of 0.5 V.
6, 1, 18 VPS2, VPRF Positive Supply Voltage. VP of 4.75 V to 5.25 V.
7, 8, 11, 12,

CMOP, CMRF Device Common. Connect via lowest possible impedance to external circuit common.
19, 24
9, 10 RFOP, RFOM

Differential RF Outputs. Must be ac-coupled. Differential impedance 50 Ω nominal.

13 DSOP Output Disable. Pull high to disable output stage. Connect to common for normal operation.
14, 15 IBBM, IBBP I Channel Differential Baseband Gain Control Inputs. Typical common-mode bias level of 0.5 V.
16, 17 IFLM, IFLP

I Baseband Input Filter Pins. Connect optional capacitor to reduce I baseband gain control channel low­pass corner frequency.

20, 21 INPI, INMI

I Channel Differential RF Inputs. Must be ac-coupled. 250 Ω impedance to common on each pin. These
inputs can be driven single-ended without any performance degradation.

22, 23 INMQ, INPQ

Q Channel Differential RF Inputs. Must be ac-coupled. 250 Ω impedance to common on each pin. These
inputs can be driven single-ended without any performance degradation.

Exposed
Paddle

GND

The exposed paddle on the underside of the package should be soldered to a low thermal and electrical
impedance ground plane.

Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 24

ADL5390

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

10

5

0

–5

–10

GAIN (dB)

–15

–20

–25

–30

0.250

0.50

GAIN SETPOINT

FRF = 70MHz

= 140MHz

F

RF

= 380MHz

F

RF

= 900MHz

F

RF

= 2400MHz

F

RF

0.75 1.00

04954-003

5

4
3
2
1

0
–1
–2

CHANNEL GAIN MATCH (dB)

–3

–4
–5

0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400

+3

σ

–3

σ

FREQUENCY (MHz)

04954-006

Figure 3. Gain Magnitude vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz,

140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz (Channel I or Channel Q)

10

–5

–10

GAIN (dB)

–15

–20

–25

–30

TEMP = –40°C
TEMP = +25°C

5

TEMP = +85°C

0

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

GAIN SETPOINT

04954-004

Figure 4. Gain Magnitude vs. Gain Setpoint, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C,

RF Frequency = 380 MHz (Channel I or Channel Q)

4

+3σ= DASH LINE

σ

= SOLID LINE

–3

3

2

1

0

–1

GAIN ERROR (dB)

–2

–3

–4

0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0

GAIN SETPOINT

FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
F

= 380MHz

RF

= 900MHz

F

RF

F

= 2400MHz

RF

04954-005

Figure 5. Gain Conformance Error vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz,

140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz

Figure 6. Channel Gain Matching (I to Q) vs. RF Frequency,

Gain Setpoint = 1.0

9

8

7

6

5

4

GAIN (dB)

3

2

1

0

0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400

FREQUENCY (MHz)

TEMP = –40°C

TEMP = +25°C

TEMP = +85°C

04954-007

Figure 7. Channel Gain vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C,

Gain Setpoint = 1.0

5

+3σ= DASH LINE

σ

= SOLID LINE

–3

0

–5

–10

PHASE ERROR (Degrees)

–15

–20

0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0

GAIN SETPOINT

FRF = 70MHz

= 140MHz

F

RF

F

= 380MHz

RF

= 900MHz

F

RF

= 2400MHz

F

RF

04954-008

Figure 8. Single-Channel Phase Deviation vs. Gain Setpoint, Normalized to

Gain Setpoint = 1.0, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz,

900 MHz, 2400 MHz

Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 24

ADL5390

25

20

15

10

–5

–10

PHASE DIFFERRENCE (Degrees)

–15

–20

Figure 9. Channel-to-Channel Phase Matching vs. Gain Setpoint,

RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz

10

8

6

4

2

0

–2

–4

PHASE DIFFERENCE (Degrees)

–6

–8

–10

Figure 10. Channel-to-Channel Phase Matching vs. RF Frequency, Temp =

–142

–143

–144
–145

–146

–147

–148

NOISE (dBm/Hz)

–149

–150

–151

–152

Figure 11. Output Noise Floor vs. Gain Setpoint, No RF Carrier,

RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz

+3σ= DASH LINE
–3

σ

= SOLID LINE

5

0

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

TEMP = –40°C
TEMP = +25°C
TEMP = +85°C

0 600 1200 1800 2400

GAIN SETPOINT

+3σ= DASH LINE
–3

σ

FREQUENCY (MHz)

FRF= 70MHz
F
F
F
F

= SOLID LINE

=140MHz

RF

=380MHz

RF

= 900MHz

RF

= 2400MHz

RF

+85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0

FRF = 70MHz
F

= 140MHz

RF

F

= 380MHz

RF

F

= 900MHz

RF

F

= 2400MHz

RF

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

GAIN SETPOINT

04954-009

04954-010

04954-011

–142

–143

–144
–145

–146

–147

–148

NOISE (dBm/Hz)

–149

–150

–151

–152

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

PIN=–10dBm

PIN=–15dBm

GAIN SETPOINT

PIN= –5dBm

NO CARRIER

Figure 12. Output Noise Floor vs. Gain Setpoint, No Carrier, with Carrier

(20 MHz Offset), RF P

–142

–143

–144
–145

–146

–147

–148

NOISE (dBm/Hz)

–149

–150

–151

–152

0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400

= −5, −10, −15, No Carrier, RF Frequency = 380 MHz

IN

GAIN SETPOINT = 1.0

FREQUENCY (MHz)

Figure 13. Output Noise Floor vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0,

No RF Carrier

10

5

0

–5

GAIN (dB)

–10

–15

–20

0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400

GAIN SETPOINT = 1.0

GAIN SETPOINT = 0.5

GAIN SETPOINT = 0.1

FREQUENCY (MHz)

Figure 14. Gain vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0, 0.5, 0.1

04954-012

04954-013

04954-014

Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 24