HDCP 1.1
Single 1.8 V power supply
Video/audio inputs are 3.3 V tolerant
Supports HDCP 1.1 with encrypted internal HDCP key
storage
80-lead LQFP
Digital video
80 MHz operation supports all video formats from 480i to
1080i and 720p
Programmable 2-way color space converter
Supports RGB, YCbCr, DDR, ITU656 formats
Auto input video format detection
Digital audio
Supports standard S/PDIF for stereo or compressed audio
up to 192 kHz
8-channel LPCM I
Special features for easy system design
On-chip MPU to perform HDCP operations
On-chip I
2
5 V tolerant I
No audio master clock needed for S/PDIF support
2
S audio up to 192 kHz
C® master to handle EDID reading
2
C and MPD I/Os, no extra device needed
CLK
VSYNC
HSYNC
D[23:0]
S/PDIF
MCLK
I2S[3:0]
DE
HDMI™/DVI Transmitter
AD9389
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
SD
HTP
REGISTER
CONFIGURATION
LOGIC
VIDEO
DATA
CAPTURE
AUDIO
DATA
CAPTURE
SCL
I2C
SLAVE
COLOR
SPACE
CONVERSION
4:2:2
TO
4:4:4
CONVERSION
2
I
C
MASTER
HDCP
CIPHER
MASK
Figure 1.
XOR
HDCP
CONTROLLER
HDM
ITX
CORE
AD9389
DDSDA
DDCSCL
SWING_ADJ
Tx0[1:0]
Tx1[1:0]
Tx2[1:0]
TxC[1:0]
05724-001
APPLICATIONS
DVD players and recorders
Digital set-top boxes
AV receivers
Digital cameras and camcorders
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD9389 is an 80 MHz high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI 1.1) transmitter. It supports HDTV formats up to
1080i and 720p, and graphic resolutions up to XGA (1024 × 768
@ 75 Hz). With the inclusion of HDCP, the AD9389 allows the
secure transmission of protected content as specified by the
HDCP 1.1 protocol.
2
The AD9389 supports both S/PDIF and 8-channel I
2
Its high fidelity 8-channel I
S can transmit either stereo or
7.1 surround audio at 192 kHz. The S/PDIF can carry stereo
LPCM (linear pulse code modulation) audio or compressed
audio including Dolby® Digital, DTS®, and THX®.
S audio.
The AD9389 helps to reduce system design complexity and cost
by incorporating such features as HDCP master, I
2
C master for
EDID reading, a single 1.8 V power supply, and 5 V tolerance
2
on I
C and hot plug detect pins.
Fabricated in an advanced CMOS process, the AD9389 is provided in a space-saving, 80-lead, surface-mount, Pb-free plastic
LQFP and is specified over the 0°C to 70°C temperature range.
EVALUATION KITS AND OTHER RESOURCES
Evaluation kits, reference design schematics, software quick
start guide, and codes are available from the Analog Devices
local sales and marketing personnel.
Rev. 0
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Anal og Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or ot her
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Input Voltage, High (VIH) Full VI 1.4 V
Input Voltage, Low (VIL) Full VI 0.7 V
Input Current, High (VIH) Full V −1.0 mA
Input Current, Low (VIL) Full V +1.0 mA
Input Capacitance 25°C V 3 pF
DIGITAL OUTPUTS
Output Voltage, High (VOH) Full VI AVDD − 0.1 V
Output Voltage, Low (VOL) Full VI 0.4 V
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
θ
Junction-to-Case
JC
Thermal Resistance V 25 °C/W
θJA Junction-to-Ambient
Thermal Resistance V 30 °C/W
Ambient Temperature Full V 0 25 70 °C
DC SPECIFICATIONS
Input Leakage Current, I
IL
Input Clamp Voltage (−16 mA) 25°C V −0.8 V
Input Clamp Voltage (+16 mA) 25°C V +0.8
Differential High Level Output Voltage V AV
Differential Output Short-Circuit Current V 10 µA
POWER SUPPLY
VDD (All) Supply Voltage Full IV 1.71 1.8 1.89 V
VDD Supply Voltage Noise Full V 50 mV p-p
Complete Power-Down Current
(Everything Except I
2
C)
Quiet Power Down Current
(Monitor Detect On)
Transmitter Supply Current
(27 MHz Typical Random Pattern)
Transmitter Supply Current
(80 MHz Typical Random Pattern)
Transmitter Total Power
(80 MHz Single Pixel Stripe Pattern; Worst
Case Operating Conditions)
AC SPECIFICATIONS
CLK Frequency 25°C IV 13.5 80 MHz
CLK Duty Cycle 25°C VII 40 60 %
Worst Case CLK Input Jitter Full VI 1.0 ns
Setup Time to CLK Falling Edge VI TBD TBD ns
Hold Time to CLK Falling Edge VI TBD TBD ns
TMDS Differential Swing VII 800 1000 1200 mV
VSYNC and HSYNC Delay from DE Falling Edge VI 1 UI
VSYNC and HSYNC Delay to DE Rising Edge VI 1 UI
DE High Time 25°C VI 8191 UI
DE Low Time 25°C VI 138 UI
Differential Output Swing Low-to-High
Transition Time
Differential Swing Output High-to-Low
Transition Time
25°C VI −10 +10 µA
CC
V
25°C IV 6 13 mA
25°C VI 7 mA
25°C VI 165 mA
25°C IV 185 205 mA
Full VI 430 mW
25°C VII 75 490 ps
25°C VII 75 490 ps
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 48
Page 4
AD9389
Parameter Temp Test Level1Min Typ Max Unit
AUDIO AC TIMING
Sample Rate (I2S and S/PDIF) Full IV 32 192 kHz
I2S Cycle Time 25°C IV 1 UI
I2S Setup Time 25°C IV 15 ns
I2S Hold Time 25°C IV 0 ns
Audio Pipeline Delay 25°C IV 75 s
1
See Table 3.
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 48
Page 5
AD9389
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2.
Parameter Rating
Digital Inputs 5 V to 0.0 V
Digital Output Current 20 mA
Operating Temperature Range −40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C
Maximum Junction Temperature 150°C
Maximum Case Temperature 150°C
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
EXPLANATION OF TEST LEVELS
Table 3.
Level Test
I 100% production tested.
II
III Sample tested only.
IV
V Parameter is a typical value only.
VI
VII Limits defined by HDMI specification.
100% production tested at 25°C and sample tested at
specified temperatures.
Parameter is guaranteed by design and characterization
testing.
100% production tested at 25°C; guaranteed by design
and characterization testing.
ESD CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on
the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features
proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy
electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance
degradation or loss of functionality.
65 to 78, 2
6 CLK Video Clock Input 1.8 V CMOS
3 DE Data Enable Bit for Digital Video 1.8 V CMOS
4 HSYNC Horizontal SYNC Input 1.8 V CMOS
5 VSYNC Vertical SYNC Input 1.8 V CMOS
23 EXT_SW Differential Output Swing Adjustment 1.8 V CMOS
25 HPD Hot Plug Detect Signal 1.8 V CMOS
7 S/PDIF S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) Audio Input Pin 1.8 V CMOS
8 MCLK Audio Reference Clock, from 128 × fS to 512 × f
S
1.8 V CMOS
12 to 9 I2S[3:0] I2S Audio Data Inputs 1.8 V CMOS
13 SCLK I2S Audio Clock 1.8 V CMOS
14 LRCLK Left/Right Channel Selection 1.8 V CMOS
33 PD/A0 Power-Down Control 1.8 V CMOS
31, 30 Tx0+ Differential Output Channel 0 TMDS
Tx0− Differential Output Channel 0 Complement
40 INT Interrupt 1.8 V CMOS
POWER SUPPLY
24, 29, 36, 41 AV
1, 61, 62, 63, 64 DV
16, 19, 20, 21 PV
15, 17, 18, 22,
DD
DD
DD
GND Ground 0 V
26, 32, 39, 42,
43, 59, 60, 79,
80
CONTROL
47 SDA Serial Port Data I/O 3.3 V CMOS
46 SCL Serial Port Data Clock (100 kHz Maximum) 3.3 V CMOS
45 DDSDA Serial Port Data I/O to Receiver 3.3 V CMOS
44 DDCSCL Serial Port Data Clock to Receiver 3.3 V CMOS
NO CONNECT 48, 49 NC No Connect.
Table 5. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin Mnemonic Description
OUTPUTS
TxC+ Differential Clock Output at Pixel Clock Rate; Transition Minimized Differential Signaling (TMDS).
TxC− Differential Clock Output Complement.
Tx2+ Differential Output of the Red Data at 10× the Pixel Clock Rate; TMDS.
Tx2− Differential Red Output Complement.
Tx1+ Differential Output of the Green Data at 10× the Pixel Clock Rate; TMDS.
Tx1− Differential Green Output Complement.
Tx0+ Differential Output of the Blue Data at 10× the Pixel Clock Rate; TMDS.
Tx0− Differential Blue Output Complement.
INT Interrupt.
SERIAL PORT (2-WIRE)
SDA Serial Port Data I/O.
SCL Serial Port Data Clock.
DDSDA Serial Port Data I/O Master to Receiver.
DDCSCL Serial Port Data Clock Master to Receiver.
For a full, functional description of the 2-wire serial register, refer to the 2-Wire Serial Control Port section.
INPUTS
D[23:0] Digital Input in RGB or YCbCr Format.
CLK Video Clock Input.
DE Data Enable for Video Data.
HSYNC Horizontal Sync Input.
VSYNC Vertical Sync Input. This is the input for vertical sync.
EXT_SW Place an 887 Ω resistor (1% tolerance) between this pin and ground.
HPD Hot Plug Detect. This indicates to the interface whether the receiver is connected.
S/PDIF S/PDIF Audio Input. This is the audio input from a Sony/Philips Digital Interface.
MCLK Audio Reference Clock. Can be set from 128 × fS to 512 × fS.
I2S[3:0] I2S Audio Inputs. These represent the eight channels of audio (two per input) available through I2S.
I2S CLK I2S Audio Clock.
LRCLK Left/Right Channel Selection.
PD/A0 Power Down.
Output Power Supply 1.8 V
Digital and I/O Power Supply 1.8 V
PLL Power Supply 1.8 V
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 48
Page 8
AD9389
Pin Mnemonic Description
POWER SUPPLY
DV
DD
AV
DD
PV
DD
GND
I2C ADDRESSES
The SDA/SCL programming address can be 0x72 or 0x7A based on whether the PD/A0 pin is pulled high (10 kΩ resistor = 0x7A) or
pulled low (10 kΩ resistor = 0x72).
The EDID EEPROM on the receiver is expected to have an address of 0xA0.
LIST OF REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Table 6.
Document Description
EIA/CEA-861B Describes audio and video infoframes as well as the E-EDID structure for HDMI.
HDMI v1.1 Defining document for HDMI Version 1.1. Can be located at www.hdmi.org.
HDCPv1.1 Defining document for HDCP Version 1.1. Can be located at www.digital-cp.com.
ITU-R BT.656-3 Defining document for BT656.
Main Power Supply. These pins supply power to the main elements of the circuit. They should be filtered and as
quiet as possible.
Output Power Supply.
Clock Generator Power Supply. The most sensitive portion of the AD9389 is the clock generation circuitry. These
pins provide power to the clock PLL (phase-locked loop) and help the user design for optimal performance. The
designer should provide quiet, noise-free power to these pins.
Ground. The ground return for all circuitry on-chip. It is recommended that the AD9389 be assembled on a single
solid ground plane, with careful attention given to ground current paths.
FORMAT STANDARDS
In this document, data is represented in a variety of ways.
Table 7.
Data Type Format
0xNN Hexadecimal (base-16) numbers are represented using the C language notation, preceded by 0x.
0bNN Binary (base-2) numbers are represented using the C language notation, preceded by 0b.
NN Decimal (base-10) numbers are represented using no additional prefixes or suffixes.
Bit Bits are numbered in little-endian format, that is, the least significant bit (LSB) of a byte or word is referred to as Bit 0.
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 48
Page 9
AD9389
DESIGN GUIDE
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD9389 HDMI transmitter provides a high bandwidth digital
content protected (HDCP) digital link between a wide range of
digital input formats—both audio and video (see
output formats (see
Tabl e 9). Video and audio data are captured
and prepared for transmission while two separate I
Tabl e 8) and
2
C buses (one of
which is a master) are used to program and provide content
protection for the data to be transmitted.
VIDEO DATA CAPTURE
The AD9389 can accept video data from as few as eight pins
(YCbCr DDR) representing 8-bit data or as many as 24 pins
representing 12-bit data. The AD9389 is capable of detecting
all of the 34 video formats defined in the EIA/CEA-861B
specification. If video ID (VID) 32, 33, or 34 is present, the user
needs to set Register 0x15[0] to 0b1, as these modes have V
frequencies of 30 Hz or less. The user can read the detected
video format at 0x3E[7:2]. Formats outside the EIA/CEA-861B
specification can be read in 0x3F[7:5]. Detailed line count
differences for 240p and 288p modes can be read from
0x3F[4:3]. In order to distinguish between an aspect ratio of 4:3
and one of 16:9, 0x17[1] should be set accordingly.
Normal 4:4:4 Input Format (RGB or YCbCr) Input ID = 0
An input format of RGB 4:4:4 or YCbCr 4:4:4 can be selected by setting the input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b000. The input color space (CS)
must be selected by setting 0x16[0] to 0b0 for RGB or 0b1 for YCbCr. There is no need to set the input style (0x16[3:2]).
YCbCr 4:2:2 Formats (24 bits, 20 bits, or 16 bits) with Separate Sync, Input ID = 1
An input with YCbCr 4:2:2 with separate syncs can be selected by setting the Input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b001. The input CS (0x16[0]) must
be set to 0b1 for proper operation. The data bit width (24 bits, 20 bits, or 16 bits) must be set with 0x16[5:4]. The three input pin
assignment styles are shown in
Tabl e 1 1 . The input style can be set in 0x16[3:2].
Style 1
Style 2
Style 3
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 48
Page 11
AD9389
YCbCr 4:2:2 Formats (24 bits, 20 bits, or 16 bits) with Embedded Syncs, Input ID = 2
An input with YCbCr 4:2:2 with embedded syncs can be selected by setting the input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b010. HSYNC and VSYNC are
embedded as Start of Active Video (SAV) and End of Active Video (EAV). The input CS (0x16[0]) must be set to 0b1 for proper
operation. The data bit width (24 = 12 bits, 20 = 10 bits, or 16 = 8 bits) must be set with 0x16[5:4]. The three input pin assignment styles
are shown in
ID 2 are embedded in the data much like ITU 656 running at 1× clock and double width.
Table 12. The input style can be set in 0x16[3:2]. The only difference between Input ID 1 and Input ID 2 is that the syncs on
Style 1
Style 2
Style 3
YCbCr 4:2:2 Formats (Double Data Rate) Formats (12 bits, 10 bits, or 8 bits) with Separate Syncs, Input ID = 3
An input with YCbCr 4:2:2 DDR data and separate syncs can be selected by setting the input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b011. The Input CS (0x16
[0]) must be set to 0b1. The data bit width (12 bits, 10 bits, or 8 bits) must be set with 0x16[5:4]. The two input pin assignment styles are
shown in
Table 13. The input style can be set in 0x16[3:2].
YCbCr 4:2:2 DDR (Double Data Rate) Formats (12 bits, 10 bits, or 8 bits) with Embedded Syncs, Input ID = 4
An input with YCbCr 4:2:2 DDR data and embedded syncs (ITU 656) can be selected by setting the input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b100. The
Input CS (0x16[0]) must be set to 0b1. The data bit width (12 bits, 10 bits, or 8 bits) must be set with 0x16[5:4]. The two input pin
assignment styles are shown in
example, 12 bit data is accepted as: Cb0, Y0, Cr0, Y1, Cb2, Y2, Cr2, Y3).
Normal 4:4:4 Input Format (RGB or YCbCr) Clocked at Double Data Rate (DDR), Input ID = 5
An input with YCbCr 4:4:4 DDR data and separate syncs can be selected by setting the input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b011. The input CS
(0x16[0]) must be set to 0b1. The data bit width (12 bits, 10 bits, or 8 bits) must be set with 0x16[5:4]. The three input pin assignment
styles are shown in
Tabl e 15 . The input style can be set in 0x16[3:2].
Tabl e 1 4 . The input style can be set in 0x16[3:2]. The order of data input is the order in the table (for
Data[23:0]
Style 1
Style 2
Data[23:0]
Style 1
Style 2
Style 3
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 48
Page 13
AD9389
YCbCr 4:2:2 Formats (24 bits, 20 bits, or 16 bits) DDR with Separate Sync, Input ID = 6
An input format of YCbCr 4:2:2 DDR can be selected by setting the input ID (0x15[3:1]) to 0b110. The three different input pin
assignment styles are shown in Tab le 1 6. The input style can be set in 0x16[3:2]. The input CS (0x16[0]) must be set to 0b1. The data bit
width (12 bits, 10 bits, or 8 bits) must be set to with 0x16[5:4].
st
or the 2nd edge can be the rising or falling edge. The data input edge is defined in 0x16[1]. 0b0 = rising edge; 0b1 = falling edge.
The 1
Pixel 0 is the first pixel of the 4:2:2 word and should be where DE starts.
The AD9389 has the ability to convert YCbCr video from 4:4:4
to 4:2:2 and 4:2:2 to 4:4:4. To convert from 4:4:4 to 4:2:2, the
video data goes through a filter first to remove any artificial
downsampling noise. To convert from 4:2:2 to 4:4:4, the
AD9389 utilizes either the zero-order upconversion (pixel
repetition) or first-order upconversion (linear interpolation).
The upconversion and downconversions are used when the
video output timing format does not match the video input
timing format. The video output format is set by Register
0x16[7:6]. The video input format is set by the video ID
(0x15[3:1]) and video color space (0x16[0]). The default mode
for upconversion is pixel repetition. To use linear interpolation,
set Register 0x17[2] to 1.
HORIZONTAL SYNC, VERTICAL SYNC, AND DE
GENERATION
When transmitting video data across the TMDS interface, it
is necessary to have an HSYNC, VSYNC, and data enable (DE)
defined for the image. ITU-656 based sources have start of
active video (SAV) and end of active video (EAV) signals built
in, but the HSYNC and VSYNC must be generated (the DE is
implied by the SAV and EAV signals). Other sources (with
separate syncs) have HSYNC, VSYNC, and DE supplied at the
same time as the pixel data.
The AD9389 offers a choice of DE from an external pin, or an
internally generated DE. To activate the internal DE generation,
set Register 0x17[0] to 1. Registers 0x35 to 0x3A are used to
define the DE. 0x35 and 0x36[7:6] define the number of pixels
from the HS leading edge to the DE leading edge. 0x36[5:0] are
the number of HSYNCs between the leading edge of VS and
DE. 0x37[7:5] defines the difference of HS counts during VS
blanking for interlace video. 0x37[4:0] and 0x38[7:1] indicate
the width of the DE. 0x39 and 0x3A[7:4] are the number of
lines of active video (see Figure 4).
HSYNC AND VSYNC GENERATION
For video with embedded HSYNC and VSYNC, such as EAV
and SAV, found in ITU 656 format, it is necessary to reconstruct
HSYNC and VSYNC. This is done with registers 0x30 to 0x34.
0x30 and 0x31[7:6] specify the number of pixels between the
HSYNC leading edge and the trailing edge of DE. Register
0x31[5:0] and Register 0x32[7:4] are the duration of the
HSYNC in pixel clocks. 0x32[3:0] and 0x33[7:2] are the number
of HS pulses between the trailing edge of the last DE and the
leading edge of the VSYNC pulse. Register 0x33[1:0] and
0x34[7:0] are the duration of VSYNC in units of HSYNCs.
HSYNC and VSYNC polarity can be specified by setting
0x17[6] (for VSYNC) and 0x17[5] (for HSYNC).
VS DELAY
R0x36[5:0]
HS DELAY
R0x35, R0x36[7:6]
EAV
b
HSYNC
a: HSYNC PLACEMENT
R0x30, R0x31[7:6]
b: HSYNC DURATION
R0x31[5:0], R0x32[7:4]
a
ACTIVE
VIDEO
WIDTH
R0x37[4:0], R0x38[7:1]
Figure 4. Active Video
SAV
Figure 5. HSYNC Reconstruction
HEIGHT
R0x39, R0x3A[7:4]
05724-003
05724-005
Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 48
Page 15
AD9389
G
EAV
VSYNC
a: VSYNC PLACEMENT
R0x32[3:0], R0x33[7:2]
b: VSYNC DU RATION
R0x33[1:0], R0x34
ab
SAV
05724-006
Figure 6. VSYNC Reconstruction
CSC_Mode[1:0]
a1[12:0]
1
R
[11:0]
IN
a2[12:0]
B
[11:0]
IN
a3[12:0]
×
×
×
×
4096
1
4096
+++
a4[12:0]
×4
×2
2
1
0
[11:0]
R
OUT
1
IN
[11:0]
×
×
4096
Figure 7. Single CSC Channel
COLOR SPACE CONVERSION MATRIX (CSC)
The color space conversion matrix in the AD9389 consists of three
identical processing channels. In each channel, three input values
are multiplied by three separate coefficients. Also included are an
offset value for each row of the matrix and a scaling multiple for all
values. Each value is 13-bit, twos complement resolution to ensure
the signal integrity is maintained. The CSC is designed to run at
speeds up to 80 MHz supporting resolutions up to 1080i at 60 Hz
and UXGA at 60 Hz. With any-to-any color space support, RGB,
YUV, YCbCr, and other formats are supported by the CSC.
The main inputs, R
inputs from each channel. These inputs are based on the input
format detailed in
inputs to the CSC inputs is shown in
Table 17. CSC Port Mapping
Input Channel CSC Input Channel
R/Cr R
Gr/Y G
B/Cb BB
, GIN, and BIN come from the 8-bit to 12-bit
IN
Tabl e 1 0 to Tabl e 16. The mapping of these
Tabl e 17 .
IN
IN
IN
05724-008
One of the three channels is represented in Figure 7. In each
processing channel, the three inputs are multiplied by three
separate coefficients marked a1, a2, and a3. These coefficients
are divided by 4096 to obtain nominal values ranging from
−0.9998 to +0.9998. The variable labeled a4 is used as an offset
control. The CSC_Mode setting is the same for all three
processing channels. This multiplies all coefficients and offsets
by a factor of 2CSC_Mode.
The functional diagram for a single channel of the CSC, as per
Figure 7, is repeated for the remaining G and B channels. The coefficients for these channels are b1, b2, b3, b4, c1, c2, c3, and c4.
Register settings for several common conversions are listed in
the
Color Space Converter (CSC) Common Settings section.
For a detailed functional description and more programming
examples, refer to AN-795, The AD9880 Color Space Converter
User's Guide.
Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 48
Page 16
AD9389
V
AUDIO DATA CAPTURE
The AD9389 is capable of receiving audio data in either I2S or
S/PDIF format for packetization and transmission over the
HDMI interface.
I2S AUDIO
The AD9389 can accommodate from two to eight channels of I2S
audio at up to a 192 kHz sampling rate. Selection of I
(vs. S/PDIF) is set with 0x0A[4] = 0. The detected sampling
frequency (from 32 kHz to 192 kHz) can be read in 0x04[7:4]. The
output sampling frequency (from 32 kHz to 192 kHz) can be
selected with 0x15[7:4]. The number of channels and the specific
channels can be selected in 0x0C[5:2] and 0x50[7:5]. If all eight
channels (I
selects eight channels. If I
2
S0 to I2S3) are required, setting all bits or 0x0C[5:2] to 1
2
S0 only is needed, setting 0x0C[2] to 1
selects this. The placement of these packets with respect to their
output can be specified in Register 0x0E to Register 0x11. Default
settings place all channels in their respective position (I
channel in Channel 0 left position, I
2
S3 right channel in Channel 3
right position), but this mapping is completely programmable.
2
The AD9389 supports standard I
2
justified I
S formats via 0x0C[1:0] and sample word lengths
S, left-justified I2S, and right-
between 16 bits and 24 bits (0x14[3:0]).
2
S audio mode
2
S0 left
S/PDIF AUDIO
The AD9389 is capable of accepting two channel LPCM and
encoded audio up to a 192 kHz sampling rate via the S/PDIF.
S/PDIF audio input is selected by setting 0x0A[4] = 1. The
AD9389 is capable of accepting S/PDIF with or without an
MCLK input. When no MCLK is present, the AD9389 makes
the determination of the CTS value (N/CTS determines the
MCLK frequency).
CTS GENERATION
Audio data being carried across the HDMI link, which is driven
by a TMDS (video) clock only, does not retain the original
audio sample clock.
The task of recreating this clock at the sink is called audio clock
regeneration. There are a variety of clock regeneration methods
that can be implemented in an HDMI sink, each with a
different set of performance characteristics. The HDMI
specification does not attempt to define exactly how these
mechanisms operate. It does, however, present a possible
configuration and it does define the data items that the HDMI
source supplies to the HDMI sink in order to allow the HDMI
sink to adequately regenerate the audio clock. It also defines
how that data is generated. In many video source devices, the
audio and video clocks are generated from a common clock
(coherent clocks). In this situation, there exists a rational
(integer divided by integer) relationship between these two
clocks. The HDMI clock regeneration architecture can take
advantage of this rational relationship and can also work in an
environment where there is no such relationship between these
two clocks, that is, where the two clocks are truly asynchronous
or where their relationship is unknown.
Figure 8 shows the system architecture model used by HDMI
for audio clock regeneration. The source determines the
fractional relationship between the video clock and an audio
reference clock (128 × audio sample rate) and passes the
numerator and denominator for that fraction to the sink across
the HDMI link. The sink can then recreate the audio clock from
the TMDS clock by using a clock divider and a clock multiplier.
The exact relationship between the two clocks is
= f
S
TMDS
_clock × N/CTS
128 × f
The source determines the value of the numerator N as stated in
Section 7.2.1 of the HDMI specification. Typically, this value N
is used in a clock divider to generate an intermediate clock that
is slower than the 128 × f
clock by the factor N. The source
S
typically determines the value of the denominator cycle time
stamp (CTS) by counting the number of TMDS clocks in each
of the 128 × f
/N clocks.
S
SINK DEVICESOURCE DEVICE
1
DIVIDE
f
128 ×
S
IDEO CLOCK
N
BY
N
REGISTER
N
1
N AND CTS VALUES ARE TRANSMITTED USING THE “AUDIO CLOCK REGENERATION”
PACKET. VIDEO CLOCK IS TRANSMI TTED ON T M D S C L OCK CHANNEL.
CYCLE
TIME
COUNTER
Figure 8. Audio Clock Regeneration
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 48
CTS
TMDS
CLOCK
1
N
DIVIDE
BY
CTS
MULTIPLY
BY
N
128 ×
f
S
05724-007
Page 17
AD9389
N PARAMETER
N shall be an integer number that meets the following
restriction: 128 × f
recommended optimal value of 128 × f
For coherent audio and video clock sources, use
/1500 Hz ≤ N ≤ 128 × fS/300 Hz with a
S
/1000 Hz equals N.
S
Tabl e 1 8 to
Tabl e 2 0 to determine the value of N. For noncoherent sources
or sources where coherency is not known, use the equations
previously described.
CTS PARAMETER
CTS is an integer number that satisfies the following:
(Average CT S Value) = (f
_clock × N)/(128 × f
TMDS
Recommended N and Expected CTS Values
The recommended value of N for several standard pixel clocks
is given in
Tabl e 1 8 to Tab l e 2 0 . It is recommended that sources
with noncoherent clocks use the values listed for the pixel clock
type labeled Other.
Table 19. Recommended N and Expected CTS Values for 44.1 kHz Audio and Multiples
44.1 kHz 88.2 kHz 176.4 kHz
Pixel Clock (MHz) N CTS N CTS N CTS
This value alternates because of the restriction on N.
Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 48
Page 18
AD9389
The AD9389 has two modes for CTS generation: manual mode
and auto mode. In manual mode, the user can program the CTS
number directly into the chip (0x07 to 0x09) and select this
external mode by setting 0x0A[7] to 1. In auto mode, the chip
computes the CTS based on the actual audio and video rates.
This can be selected by setting 0x0A[7] to 0, and the results can
be read from 0x04 to 0x06. Manual mode is good for coherent
audio and video, where the audio and video clock are generated
from the same crystal; thus CTS should be a fixed number. The
auto mode is appropriate for incoherent audio-video, where
there is no simple integer ratio between the audio and video
clock. A filter is available (0x0A[6:5]) to stabilize the chip
generated CTS. The 20-bit N value can be programmed into the
AD9389 in Register 0x01 to Register 0x03.
PACKET CONFIGURATION
The AD9389 supports all the packets listed in the HDMI 1.1
specification. Each packet can be separately enabled and disabled. Based on the audio and video input, the packets are
added to the HDMI link at the earliest time, so that a minimum
delay is incurred. Notice the ISRC1 packet has one bit to enable
the ISRC2 packet. For the general control packet, remember to
clear or reset the bits to avoid system lock-up.
Table 21. Pixel Repetition—Valid Pixel Repeat Values for Each Format
Video Code Video Description EIA/CEA-861B Pixel Repeat Values HDMI Pixel Repeat Values
1 640 × 480p @ 60 Hz No repetition No repetition
2, 3 720 × 480p @ 59.94/60 Hz No repetition No repetition
4 1280 × 720p @ 59.94/60 Hz No repetition No repetition
5 1920 × 1080i @ 59.94/60 Hz No repetition No repetition
6, 7 720/1440 × 480i @ 59.94/60 Hz Pixel sent 2 times Pixel sent 2 times
8, 9 720/1440 × 240p @ 59.94/60 Hz Pixel sent 2 times Pixel sent 2 times
10, 11 2880 × 480i @ 59.94/60 Hz Pixel sent 0 to 10 times Pixel sent 1 to 10 times
12, 13 2880 × 240p @ 59.94/60 Hz Pixel sent 1 to 10 times Pixel sent 1 to 10 times
14, 15 1440 × 480p @ 59.94/60 Hz No repetition Pixel sent 1 to 2 times
16 1920 × 1080p @ 59.94/60 Hz No repetition No repetition
17, 18 720 × 576p @ 50 Hz No repetition No repetition
19 1280 × 720p @ 50 Hz No repetition No repetition
20 1920 × 1080i @ 50 Hz No repetition No repetition
21, 22 720/1440 × 576i @ 50 Hz Pixel sent 2 times Pixel sent 2 times
23, 24 720/1440 × 288p @ 50 Hz Pixel sent 2 times Pixel sent 2 times
25, 26 2880 × 576i @ 50 Hz Pixel sent 1 to 10 times Pixel sent 1 to 10 times
27, 28 2880 × 288 @ 50 Hz Pixel sent 1 to 10 times Pixel sent 1 to 10 times
29, 30 1440 × 576p @ 50 Hz No repetition Pixel sent 1 to 2 times
31 1920 × 1080p @ 50 Hz No repetition No repetition
32 1920 × 1080p @ 23.97/24 Hz No repetition No repetition
33 1920 × 1080p @ 25 Hz No repetition No repetition
34 1920 × 1080p @ 29.9/30 Hz No repetition No repetition
1
Denotes change from EIA/CEA-861B valid values. Pixel repetition is required to support some audio formats at 720 × 480p and 720 × 576p video format timings.
PIXEL REPETITION
Due to HDMI specification and bandwidth requirements,
sometimes it is necessary to set clock multiplication by 2× and
4× in order to maintain the minimum TMDS clock frequency.
The AD9389 offers three choices for the user to implement this
function: auto mode, manual mode, and max mode (0x3B[6:5]).
For the auto mode (0x3B[6:5] = 00), based on the input video
format (either programmed by user, or chip detection) and
audio sampling rate, the AD9389 automatically sets the pixel
repetition factor (0x3D[7:6]).
For manual mode (0x3B[6:5] = 1×), the user programs the pixel
repetition factor in 0x3B[4:3].
For max mode (0x3B[6:5] = 01), based on the input video
format, the AD9389 selects the maximum repetition factor. The
advantage of the max mode is that it is independent of the audio
sampling rate.
1
1
Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 48
Page 19
AD9389
HDCP HANDLING
The AD9389 has a built-in microcontroller to handle HDCP
transmitter states, including handling downstream HDCP
repeaters. To activate HDCP from a system level, the main
controller needs to set 0xAF[7] to 1 to inform AD9389 that the
video stream should be encrypted. The AD9389 takes control
from there, and implements all remaining tasks defined by the
HDCP 1.1 specification.
The system controller should monitor the status of HDCP by
reading Register 0xB8[6] (indicating the HDCP link has been
established). There are also some error flags (0xC5[7] and
0xC8[7:4]) to help debug the system.
The AD9389 also supports AV functions to suspend HDCP
temporarily. To set AV mute, clear 0x45[7] and set 0x45[6]
to 1. To clear AV mute, clear 0x45[6] and set 0x45[7] to 1. (Note
that it is invalid to set the two mute bits at the same time.)
For more information, refer to application note AN-810, EDID
and HDCP Controller User Guide for the AD9889.
EDID READING
The AD9389 has an I2C master (DDC Pin 44 and Pin 45) to
read the EDID based on system need. It buffers segment 0 once
HPD is detected. The system can request other segments by
programming Register 0xC4. An interrupt bit (0x96[2])
indicates the completion of EDID rebuffering.
To read the EDID data from the AD9389, use the AD9389
programming bus (Pin 46 and Pin 47) with I
This is the default address but can be changed by writing the
desired address into Register 0x43.
2
C Address 0x7E.
INTERRUPTS
The AD9389 has interrupts to help with the system design: hot
plug detection, receiver sense, VS detection, audio FIFO
overflow, ITU 656 error, EDID ready, HDCP error, and BKSV
ready. Interrupts can be cleared by writing 1 into the interrupt
register (0x96, 0x97). There are read-only registers (0xC5,
0xC6) to show the state of these signals. Masks (0x94, 0x95) are
available to let the user selectively activate each interrupt. To
enable a specific interrupt register, write 1 to the corresponding
mask bit.
POWER MANAGEMENT
The AD9389 power-down pin polarity depends on the
AD9389’s I
active. To use 0x7A, the PD pin is low active. The power-down
pin polarity can be verified by reading Register 0x42[7].
The AD9389 can be powered down or reset either by Pin 33 or
by Register 0x41[6]. During power-down mode, all the circuits
are inactive except the I
mode and activity detection. During power-down mode, the
chip status can still be read through the I
normal power-down mode, either drive Pin 33 to 1, or set
0x41[6] to 1. To further reduce power consumption, disable the
receiver sense detection by setting Register 0xA4[2] to 1.
For HDCP security reasons, the I
reset by the power-down pin. Anytime after power down, the
user needs to drive the PD pin back to 0, and set 0x41[6] to
0 to activate the chip.
2
C address selection. To use 0x72, the PD pin is high
2
C slave and some circuits related to
2
C slave. To enter
2
C power-down bit is also
For more information, refer to Application Note AN-810, EDID and HDCP Controller User Guide for the AD9889.
Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 48
Page 20
AD9389
2-WIRE SERIAL REGISTER MAP
The AD9389 is initialized and controlled by a set of registers that determine the operating modes. An external controller is employed to
write and read the control registers through the two-line serial interface port.
Table 22. Control Register Map
Hex
Address
0x00 Read [7:0] 00000000 Chip Revision Revision of the chip, start from 0.
0x01 Read/Write [3:0] ****0000 N[19:16]
0x02 Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 N[15:8] The middle byte of N.
0x03 Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 N[7:0] The lower byte of N.
0x04 Read
CTS measured (internal). This 20-bit value is used in
the receiver with the N value to regenerate an audio
clock. For remaining bits, see 0x05 and 0x06.
CTS (external). This 20-bit value is used in the receiver
with the N value to regenerate an audio clock. For
remaining bits, see 0x08 and 0x09.
0 = internal CTS.
1 = external CTS.
Default = 0.
00 = no filter.
01 = divide by 4.
10 = divide by 8.
11 = divide by16.
Default = 10.
2
S.
0 = I
1 = S/PDIF.
Default = 0.
1 = MCLK active.
0 = MCLK inactive.
Default = 0.
2
S MCLK active.
1 = I
2
S MCLK inactive.
0 = I
Default = 0.
Tab le
Page 21
AD9389
Hex
Address
0x0B Read/Write
[4:0] ****0111
0x0C Read/Write
0x0D Read/Write [4:0] ***11000 I2S_bit_width
0x0E Read/Write
0x12 Read/Write
0x13 Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Category Code Category code for audio infoframe; see IEC 60958.
Read/Write or
Read Only
Bits
Default
Value
Register Name
Description
00 = × 128 fS.
01 = × 256 f
10 = × 384 f
11 = × 512 f
.
S
.
S
.
S
Default = 01.
[6] *0****** MCLK_Pol MCLK polarity.
0 = rising edge.
1 = falling edge.
Default = 0.
[5] **0***** Flat_Line Flat line.
1 = flat line audio (audio sample not valid).
0 = normal.
Default = 0.
Tes t b its
Must be set to 0x7 for proper operation.
[5:2] **1111** I2S enable I2S enable for the four I2S pins (active).
0001 = I2S0.
2
2
2
S1.
S2.
S3.
0010 = I
0100 = I
1000 = I
Default = 1111 for all.
2
[1:0] ******00 I
S Format I2S format.
00 = standard I2S mode.
01 = right-justified I
10 = left-justified I
2
S mode.
2
S mode.
11 = raw IEC60958 mode.
Default = 0.
2
S bit width. For right justified audio only. Default is
I
24. Not valid for widths greater than 24.
[5:3] **000*** SUBPKT0_L_src
Registers 0x0E to 0x11 should be set based on the
speaker mapping information obtained from EDID.
Source of sub packet 0, left channel. Default = 000.
[2:0] *****001 SUBPKT0_R_src Source of sub packet 0, right channel. Default = 001.
[5:3] **010*** SUBPKT1_L_src Source of sub packet 1, left channel. Default = 010. 0x0F Read/Write
[2:0] *****011 SUBPKT1_R_src Source of sub packet 1, right channel. Default = 011.
[5:3] **100*** SUBPKT2_L_src Source of sub packet 2, left channel. Default = 100. 0x10 Read/Write
[2:0] *****101 SUBPKT2_R_src Source of sub packet 2, right channel. Default = 101.
[5:3] **110*** SUBPKT3_L_src Source of sub packet 3, left channel. Default = 110. 0x11 Read/Write
[2:0] *****111 SUBPKT3_R_src Source of sub packet 3, right channel. Default = 111.
[5] **0***** CR_bit Copyright bit.
0 = copyright.
1 = not copyright protected.
[4:2] ***000** a_info
Additional information for channel status bits.
000 = 2 audio channels without pre-emphasis.
100 = 2 audio channels with 50/15 s pre-emphasis.
010 = reserved.
110 = reserved.
Default = 000.
[1:0] ******00 Clk_Acc Clock accuracy.
00 = Level II, normal accuracy ±1000 × 10
01 = Level III, variable pitch shifted clock.
10 = Level I, high accuracy ±50 × 10
−6.
−6.
11 = reserved.
Default = 00.
Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 48
Page 22
AD9389
Hex
Address
0x14 Read/Write
0x15 Read/Write
0x16 Read/Write
Read/Write or
Read Only
Bits
Default
Value
Register Name
Description
[7:4] 0000**** Source Number Source number.
[3:0] ****0000 Word Length Audio word length.
000 = RGB and YCbCr 4:4:4 (Y on Green).
001 = YCbCr 4:2:2; 16-bit, 20-bit, and 24-bit.
010 = Same as 001 with HS and VS embedded as SAV
and EAV.
011 = ITU656 with separated syncs.
100 = ITU656 with embedded syncs.
101 = DDR RGB 4:4:4 or YCbCr 4:4:4.
110 = DDR YCbCr 4:2:2.
111 = undefined.
Default = 000.
[0] *******0 low_frq_video Video refresh rate.
0 = V
> 30 Hz.
REF
≤ 30 Hz refresh rate video.
1 = V
REF
Default = 0.
[7:6] 00****** VFE_out_fmt
Video output format. This should be written along
with 0x45[5:4].
Output format, should be written when 0x16[7:6] is
written.
00 = RGB.
01 = YCbCr 4:2:2.
10 = YCbCr 4:4:4.
11 = reserved.
Default = 00.
Active format information present.
0 = no data.
1 = active format information valid.
Default = 0.
00 = no bar information.
01 = horizontal bar information valid.
10 = vertical bar information valid.
11 = horizontal and vertical bar information valid.
Default = 00.
2
C, HPD
Page 27
AD9389
Hex
Address
0x46 Read/Write
[1:0] ******00 Nonuniform Picture
0x47 Read/Write [7:4] 0000**** Active Format Aspect
0x48 Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Line Start LSB
0x49 Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Line Start MSB
0x4A Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Line End LSB
0x4B Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Line End MSB
0x4C Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Pixel Start LSB
0x4D Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Pixel Start MSB
0x4E Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Pixel End LSB
0x4F Read/Write [7:0] 00000000 Active Pixel End MSB
01 = picture has been scaled horizontally.
10 = picture has been scaled vertically.
11 = picture has been scaled horizontally and vertically.
Default = 00.
This represents the line number at the end of the top
horizontal bar. If 0, there is no horizontal bar.
This represents the line number at the beginning of a
lower horizontal bar. If greater than the number of active
video lines, there is no lower horizontal bar.
This represents the last pixel in a vertical pillar bar at the
left side of the picture. If 0, there is no left bar.
This represents the first horizontal pixel in a vertical pillar
bar at the right side of the picture. If greater than the
maximum number of horizontal pixels, there is no
vertical bar.
[7] 0******* HPD_INT Interrupt for hot plug detect (HPD).
[6] *0****** MSEN_INT Interrupt for monitor connection (MSEN).
[5] **0***** VS_INT Interrupt for active VS edge.
[4] ***0**** AUD_FIFO_FULL_INT Interrupt for audio FIFO overflow.
[3] ****0*** ITU656_ERR_INT Interrupt for ITU656 error.
[2] *****0** EDID_RDY_INT Interrupt for EDID Ready.
[7] 0******* HDCP_ERR_INT Interrupt bit from HDCP master.
[6] *0****** BKSV_flag
[2] *****0** Test bit Must be written to 1 for proper operation.
[7] 0****** Must be written to 0 for proper operation. 0x98 Read/Write
Register Name
Tes t b its
Description
Mask for Interrupt Group 2 (0x97[7:6].
[7] for HDCP error.
[6] for BKSV flag.
Set to 1 to instruct the MPU to read the BKSV or the
EDID MEM for revocation list checking.
[3:0] ****0010
0x9C Read/Write [7:0] Test bits Must be written to 0x3A for proper operation.
0x9D Read/Write [3:0] ****0*** Test bit Must be written to 1 for proper operation.
0xA2 Read/Write [7:0] Test bits Must be written to 0x87 for proper operation.
0xA3 Read/Write [7:0] Test bits Must be written to 0x87 for proper operation.
0xAF Read/Write
[0] *******0 Must be written to 0 for proper operation.
0xB0 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_0 Byte 0 of An.
0xB1 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_1 Byte 1 of An.
0xB2 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_2 Byte 2 of An.
0xB3 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_3 Byte 3 of An.
0xB4 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_4 Byte 4 of An.
0xB5 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_5 Byte 5 of An.
0xB6 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_6 Byte 6 of An.
[7] 0******* HDCP_desired HDCP encryption.
[5] **0***** Must be written to 0 for proper operation.
[4] ***1**** frame_enc Frame encryption.
[3] ****0*** Must be written to 0 for proper operation.
[1] ******0* ext_HDMI_MODE HDMI mode.
Must be written to 0x2 for proper operation.
0 = input A/V content not to be encrypted.
1 = the input A/V content should be encrypted.
Default = 0.
0 = the current frame should not be encrypted.
1 = the current frame should be encrypted.
Default = 1.
0 = DVI.
1 = HDMI.
Default = 0.
Rev. 0 | Page 30 of 48
Page 31
AD9389
Hex
Address
0xB7 Read [7:0] 00000000 An_7 Byte 7 of An.
0xBA Read/Write
[3] ****0*** Must be written to 0 for proper operation.
[4] ***0 **** Test bit Must be written to 0 for proper operation.
[3:2] **** 00** Test bit Reserved.
[1] **** **0* HDCP support HDCP 1.1 features support.
[0] **** ***0 Fast HDCP Fast authentication.
[7] 0******* Error Flag Error flag.
[6] *0****** AN Stop AN stop.
[5] **0***** HDCP Enabled HDCP enabled.
[4] ***0**** EDID Ready Flag EDID ready.
[3] ****0*** I2C Interrupt I2C.
[2] *****0** RI Flag RI.
[1] ******0* BKSV Update Flag BKSV update.
[0] *******0 PJ Flag PJ.
[4] ***0**** HDMI Mode HDMI.
[3] ****0*** HDCP Requested HDCP requested.
[2] *****0** Rx Sense Rx sense.
[1] ******0* EEPROM Read OK EEPROM read.
[0] *******0 TMDS Output Enabled TMDS output enabled.
[7] 0******* BKSV Flag BKSV flag. 0xC7 Read/Write
[6:0] *0000000 BKSV Count BKSV count
Register Name
clk_delay
Rev. 0 | Page 31 of 48
Description
1 = the A/V content is being encrypted.
0 = not encrypted.
Default = 0.
These are the most significant four bits of a 20-bit word used
along with the 20-bit N term in the receiver to regenerate the
audio clock. This is the measured or internal CTS. The internal
or external CTS can be selected via 0x0A Bit 7.
These are the most significant four bits of a 20-bit word used
along with the 20-bit N term in the receiver to regenerate the
audio clock. This is the external CTS. The internal or external
CTS can be selected via 0x0A Bit 7.
These five bits form the 5 MSBs of the Color Space Conversion
coefficient a1. Combined with the 8 LSBs of the following
register, they form a 13-bit, twos complement coefficient that is
user programmable. The equation takes the form of
= (a1 × RIN) + (a2 × GIN) + (a3 × BIN) + a4
R
OUT
= (b1 × RIN) + (b2 × GIN) + (b3 × BIN) + b4
G
OUT
B
= (c1 × RIN) + (c2 × GIN) + (c3 × BIN) + c4
OUT
The default value for the 13-bit, a1 coefficient is 0x0662.
0x19—Bits[7:0] CSC_A1_LSB
See Register 0x18.
0x1A—Bits[4:0] CSC_A2_MSB
These five bits form the 5 MSBs of the Color Space Conversion
coefficient a2. This combined with the 8 LSBs of the following
register form a 13-bit, twos complement coefficient that is user
programmable. The equation takes the form of
This is a programmable I2C address from which the EDID
information (1 to 256 segment) can be read. Default is 0x7E.
0x4A—Bits[7:0] Active Line End LSB
Combined with the MSB in Register 0x4B, the bits indicate the
last line of active video. All lines past this comprise a lower
horizontal bar. This is used in letter-box modes. If the 2-byte
value is greater than the number of lines in the display, there is
no lower horizontal bar.
0x4B—Bits[7:0] Active Line End MSB
See Register 0x4A.
0x4C—Bits[7:0] Active Pixel Start LSB
Combined with the MSB in Register 0x4D, these bits indicate
the first pixel in the display that is active video. All pixels before
this comprise a left vertical bar. If the 2-byte value is 0x00, there
is no left bar.
0x4D—Bits[7:0] Active Pixel Start MSB
See Register 0x4C.
0x4E—Bits[7:0] Active Pixel End LSB
Combined with the MSB in Register 0x4F, these bits indicate
the last active video pixel in the display. All pixels past this
comprise a right vertical bar. If the 2-byte value is greater than
the number of pixels in the display, there is no vertical bar.
0x4F—Bits[7:0] Active Pixel End MSB
See Register 0x4E.
LINE1, PIXEL 1
ACTIVE LINE START
R0x48, R0x49
ACTIVE LINE END
R0x4A, R0x4B
Figure 9. Horizontal Bars
4:3 DISP LAY
TOP HORIZONTAL BAR
BOTTOM HORIZONTAL BAR
CTIVE PIXEL START
LINE1, PIXEL 1
R0x4C, R0x4D
4:3 DISPLAY
CTIVE PIXEL END
R0x4E, R0x4F
05724-009
0x48—Bits[7:0] Active Line Start LSB
Combined with the MSB in Register 0x49, these bits indicate
the beginning line of active video. All lines before this comprise
a top horizontal bar. This is used in letter-box modes. If the
2-byte value is 0x00, there is no horizontal bar.
0x00 Unknown
0x01 Digital STB
0x02 DVD
0x03 D-VHS
0x04 HDD Video
0x05 DVC
0x06 DSC
0x07 Video CD
0x08 Game
0x09 PC general
0x0A to 0xFF Reserved
Rev. 0 | Page 37 of 48
0x6B—Bits[7:0] MPEG_B0
This is the lower 8 bits of 32 bits that specify the MPEG bit rate
in Hz.
0x6C—Bits[7:0] MPEG_B1
0x6D—Bits[7:0] MPEG_B2
0x6E—Bits[7:0] MPEG_B3
0x73—Bits[7] ISRC1 Continued
This bit indicates that a continuation of the 16 ISRC1 packet
bytes (an ISRC2 packet) is being transmitted.
0x73—Bit[6] ISRC1 Valid
This bit indicates whether ISRC1 packet bytes are valid.
Table 27.
ISRC1 Valid
0 ISRC1 Status bits and PBs not valid
1 ISRC1 Status bits and PBs valid
0x73—Bits[5:3] ISRC1 Status
These bits define where the samples are in the ISRC track: at
least two transmissions of 001 occur at the beginning of the
track; continuous transmission of 010 occurs in the middle of
the track, followed by at least two transmissions of 100 near the
end of the track.
These bits support up to 256 EDID segments that can be
addressed. The requested segment address is written here before
initiation of the read.
0xC5—Bit[7] ErrorFlag
0xC5—Bit[6] AN Stop
0xC5—Bit[5] HDCP Enabled
0xC5—Bit[4] EDID Ready
0xC5—Bit[3] I
2
C
0xC5—Bit[2] RI
0xC5—Bit[1] BKSV Update
0xC5—Bit[0] PJ
0xC6—Bit[4] HDMI Mode
0xC6—Bit[3] HDCP Requested
0xC6—Bit[2] Rx Sense
0xC6—Bit[1] EEPROM Read
0xC7—Bit[7] BKSV Flag
0xC7—Bits[6:0] BKSV Count
Rev. 0 | Page 38 of 48
Page 39
AD9389
0xC8—Bits[7:4] HDCP Controller Error
When an error occurs in the HDCP flow, it is reported here
after setting the error flag (0xC5[7]).
Table 28.
Error Code Error Condition
0000 No error
0001 Bad receiver BKSV
0010 Ri mismatch
0011 Pj mismatch
0100 I2C error (usually a no acknowledge)
0101 Timed out waiting for downstream repeater
0110 Maximum cascade of repeaters exceeded
0111 SHA-1 hash check of BKSV list failed
1000 Too many devices connected to repeater tree
0xC8—Bits[3:0] HDCP Controller State
This information is used in troubleshooting the HDCP
controller.
0xC9—Bits[3:0] EDID Read Tries
These bits define the number of times the EDID attempts to be
read if unsuccessful.
Rev. 0 | Page 39 of 48
Page 40
AD9389
2-WIRE SERIAL CONTROL PORT
A 2-wire serial interface is provided. Up to two AD9389 devices
can be connected to the 2-wire serial interface, with each device
having a unique address.
The 2-wire serial interface comprises a clock (SCL) and a
bidirectional data (SDA) pin. The analog flat panel interface
acts as a slave for receiving and transmitting data over the serial
interface. When the serial interface is not active, the logic levels
on SCL and SDA are pulled high by external pull-up resistors.
Data received or transmitted on the SDA line must be stable for
the duration of the positive going SCL pulse. Data on SDA must
change only when SCL is low. If SDA changes state while SCL is
high, the serial interface interprets that action as a start or stop
sequence.
There are five components to serial bus operation:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte
• Base register address byte
• Data byte to read or write
• Stop signal
When the serial interface is inactive (SCL and SDA are high),
communications are initiated by sending a start signal. The start
signal is a high-to-low transition on SDA while SCL is high.
This signal alerts all slave devices that a data transfer sequence
is coming.
The first 8 bits of data transferred after a start signal comprise a
7-bit slave address (the first 7 bits) and a single R/
eighth bit). The R/
bit indicates the direction of data transfer,
W
bit (the
W
read from (1) or write to (0) the slave device. If the transmitted
slave address matches the address of the device, the AD9389
acknowledges by bringing SDA low on the ninth SCL pulse. If
the addresses do not match, the AD9389 does not acknowledge.
For each byte of data read from or written to, the MSB is the
first bit of the sequence.
If the AD9389 does not acknowledge the master device during
a write sequence, the SDA remains high so the master can
generate a stop signal. If the master device does not acknowledge the AD9389 during a read sequence, the AD9389 interprets this as the end of data. The SDA remains high so the
master can generate a stop signal.
Writing data to specific control registers of the AD9389 requires that the 8-bit address of the control register of interest
be written to after the slave address has been established. This
control register address is the base address for subsequent write
operations. The base address auto-increments by one for each
byte of data written after the data byte intended for the base
address.
Data is read from the control registers of the AD9389 in a
similar manner. Reading requires two data transfer operations:
•The base address must be written with the R/
slave address byte low to set up a sequential read operation.
•Reading (the R/
bit of the slave address byte high) begins
W
at the previously established base address. The address of
the read register auto-increments after each byte is
transferred.
To terminate a read/write sequence to the AD9389, a stop signal
must be sent. A stop signal comprises a low-to-high transition
of SDA while SCL is high.
A repeated start signal occurs when the master device driving the
serial interface generates a start signal without first generating a
stop signal to terminate the current communication. This is used to
change the mode of communication (read/write) between the slave
and master without releasing the serial interface lines.
bit of the
W
SDA
t
SCL
t
BUFF
STAH
t
DHO
t
DAL
t
DSU
t
DAH
Figure 11. Serial Port Read/Write Timing
t
STASU
t
STOSU
05724-011
Rev. 0 | Page 40 of 48
Page 41
AD9389
S
SERIAL INTERFACE READ/WRITE EXAMPLES
Write to one control register:
Read from four consecutive control registers:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/
bit = low)
W
• Base address byte
• Data byte to base address
• Stop signal
• Write to four consecutive control registers
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/
bit = low)
W
• Base address byte
• Data byte to base address
• Data byte to (base address + 1)
• Data byte to (base address + 2)
• Data byte to (base address + 3)
• Stop signal
Read from one control register:
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/
bit = low)
W
• Base address byte
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/
bit = high)
W
• Data byte from base address
• Stop signal
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/
bit = low)
W
• Base address byte
• Start signal
• Slave address byte (R/
bit = high)
W
• Data byte from base address
• Data byte from (base address + 1)
• Data byte from (base address + 2)
• Data byte from (base address + 3)
• Stop signal
DA
SCL
BIT 7
Figure 12. Serial Interface—Typical Byte Transfer
ACKBIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0
05724-012
Rev. 0 | Page 41 of 48
Page 42
AD9389
PCB LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS
The AD9389 is a high precision, high speed analog device. As
such, to get the maximum performance out of the part, it is
important to have a well laid out board. The following is a guide
for designing a board using the AD9389.
POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING
It is recommended to bypass each power supply pin with a
0.1 μF capacitor. The exception is when two or more supply
pins are adjacent to each other. For these groupings of
powers/grounds, it is necessary to have only one bypass
capacitor. The fundamental idea is to have a bypass capacitor
within about 0.5 cm of each power pin. Also, avoid placing the
capacitor on the opposite side of the PC board from the
AD9389, as that interposes resistive vias in the path.
The bypass capacitors should be physically located between the
power plane and the power pin. Current should flow from the
power plane to the capacitor to the power pin. Do not make the
power connection between the capacitor and the power pin.
Placing a via underneath the capacitor pads, down to the power
plane, is generally the best approach.
It is particularly important to maintain low noise and good
stability of PV
can result in similarly abrupt changes in sampling clock
in PV
DD
phase and frequency. This can be avoided by careful attention to
regulation, filtering, and bypassing. It is highly desirable to
provide separate regulated supplies for each of the analog
circuitry groups (V
(the clock generator supply). Abrupt changes
DD
and PVDD).
DD
It is also recommended to use a single ground plane for the
entire board. Experience has shown repeatedly that the noise
performance is the same or better with a single ground plane.
Using multiple ground planes can be detrimental because each
separate ground plane is smaller, and long ground loops can
result.
In some cases, using separate ground planes is unavoidable,
therefore, it is recommended to place a single ground plane
under the AD9389. The location of the split should be at the
receiver of the digital outputs. For this case, it is even more
important to place components wisely because the current
loops are much longer (current takes the path of least
resistance).
DIGITAL INPUTS
The digital inputs on the AD9389 are designed to work with
1.8 V signals, but are tolerant of 3.3 V signals. Therefore, no
extra components need to be added if using 3.3 V logic.
Any noise that gets onto the HSYNC, VSYNC, or clock input
traces can add jitter to the system. Therefore, minimize the
trace lengths and do not run any digital or other high frequency
traces near them. All TMDS lines must maintain a 50 Ω
impedance trace and it is recommended that the trace lengths
be as short as possible. To request a sample layout, send email to
flatpanel_apps@analog.com.
Some graphic controllers use substantially different levels of
power when active (during active picture time) and when idle
(during horizontal and vertical sync periods). This can result in
a measurable change in the voltage supplied to the analog
supply regulator, which can in turn produce changes in the
regulated analog supply voltage. This can be mitigated by
regulating the analog supply, or at least PV
, from a different,
DD
cleaner power source (for example, from a 12 V supply).
Rev. 0 | Page 42 of 48
Page 43
AD9389
COLOR SPACE CONVERTER (CSC) COMMON SETTINGS
Table 30. HDTV YCbCr (0 to 255) to RGB (0 to 255) (Default Setting for AD9389)
Purchase of licensed I2C components of Analog Devices or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies conveys a license for the purchaser under the Philips I2C Patent
Rights to use these components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips.