Altos IV User Manual

~~_
ALTOS
-
IV
TERMiNAl
USER'S
GuidE
Tab
I e
o f
Contents
1
Installing
the
Terminal
Getting
Ready
Making
Connections
Turning on
the
Terminal
Making
Comfort
Adjustments
2
Setting
Up
the
Terminal
Setup
Mode
Levels
Getting
Ready
Entering Setup
Mode
Changing
Active
Fields and Setup Levels
Changing
the
Setup
Parameters
First Setup
Level
Second Setup Level
Third Setup Level
Fourth Setup Level Fifth Setup Level Sixth Setup Level Seventh Setup Level Leaving Setup
Mode
3
Controlling
the
Terminal
Basic Keyboard Controls Numeric
Keypad Terminal Features Communication
Modes
4
Troubleshooting
Symptoms
and Solutions
Appendices
A Specifications
B
Connector
Pin
Assignments
C
Quick
Reference Guide
D
Control Codes
Index
Table
of
Contents
1 1
2
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
6
7 7
9
10
11
13
14
17
20 21
24
27
29
32
43
45
iii
Getting
Ready
Making
Connections
1
Installing
the
Terminal
In
this chapter you'll learn
how
to connect the terminal to a computer (or
modem) and to a
serial printer.
Unpack
and
inspect your terminal
and
report anything that's missing or visibly
damaged to your local salesperson.
You
should have a terminal, a keyboard
with
coiled cable,
and
a power cord.
You'll need a 25-pin male
RS-232C
cable to connect the terminal to your
computer or modem,
and
another cable if you plan to connect a printer
directly to your terminal. If the connector cables supplied
with
your devices
do not match the
pin
assignments
in
Appendix B
(or
if you don't have
cables). see your local salesperson. You'll need to plug the terminal into a grounded power outlet. Make sure
your building's
voltage
(115
in
the
U.S.)
matches the voltage shown
on
the
back of your
terminal. If it doesn't, contact your local salesperson.
Allow three inches around the terminal for ventilation.
Follow these steps to connect the terminal to your computer
and
printer:
1.
Press the front half of the power switch
on
the right side of the
terminal to turn the terminal off.
Chapter 1
2
Turning
on
the
Terminal
2.
Plug
the keyboard cable into the terminal's keyboard socket
on
the left
side
and
into the keyboard.
3.
Connect your computer interface cable to the terminal MODEM port
and
to the computer
RS-232C
port. If you're connecting a modem,
follow the modem manual instructions to connect it to your telephone.
Power
Connector
4.
If you have a serial printer, connect the printer interface cable
to
the
terminal AUX port
and
to the printer RS-232C port.
5.
Tighten the screws
on
both sides of each connector with a
Va-inch
flat-blade screwdriver to secure the connection.
6.
Plug
the slotted (female) end of the power cord into the three-pronged
connector
on
the back of the terminal. Plug the pronged end into a
grounded power
outlet (three-slot
in
the U.S.). If there's
no
grounded
outlet nearby, you
can
use
an
adapter if you ground the outlet by
attaching the adapter
pigtail to the outlet faceplate screw.
After the
terminal is properly installed, turn it
on
by pressing the back half of the
power switch
on
the right side of the terminal. Listen for a beep indicating
that the
terminal has received power.
When you turn the
terminal
on,
it tests itself for a
few
seconds. If it's been
on
recently, the screen flashes several display patterns
as
the test runs. If
testing uncovers a problem, a beep sounds,
an
error
code-A,
C,
K,
P,
X, Y,
0,
or
9-appears
in
the bottom right corner of the screen,
and
you can't
operate the
terminal.
See
Chapter
4,
"Troubleshooting.
If
Installing the Terminal
Making
Comfort
Adjustments
When you see the cursor
in
the upper left corner of the screen, the terminal
has
passed
all
of its tests
and
is
ready for operation. Generally, the next
thing to appear
on
the screen
is
the status line. This line
is
a bold rule at the
top of the screen
with
the letters
FDX,
BLK,
or
HDX
on
the upper left side.
Adjust the
terminal so the center of the screen
is
slightly below your eye level.
Tilt
it to find the
most
comfortable angle. Adjust the screen's brightness
with
the slideswitch
at
the lower right corner. The slide switch markings are
for your convenience. Brightness
levels may vary from terminal to terminal.
Brightness
__
-..;;;..."""~~
Slideswitch
To
slant the keyboard, turn it over
and
pullout
the hinged feet. The
keyboard
should be
at
or below elbow height.
Foot
Chapter 1
3
4
Setup
Mode
Levels
Getting
Ready
Entering
Setup
Mode
Changing
Active
Fields
and
Setup
Levels
2
Setting
U p
the
Terminal
In
this chapter, you'll learn
how
to enter setup mode
(a
nonoperating mode)
to adapt your
terminal to your computer, peripherals, and application
programs. The terminal cannot communicate
with
a computer or printer
unless they communicate
in
a common language.
In
the first six levels of setup mode, you choose parameters such
as
baud
rate and
compatibility,
as
required by your computer, peripherals, and
application programs.
You
choose other parameters, like cursor style and
carriage return, to suit your
particular needs.
In
the seventh level of setup mode, you
can
program the terminal control
keys,
as
well
as
the accounting keys
and
function keys. Thus, you can enter
frequently repeated key combinations, or even long character strings,
with
a
single keystroke.
Default values for each parameter are set
at
the factory and you can always
return
to
them. Values you save
in
memory when you leave setup mode
remain
in
memory until you change them. Values you
don't
save remain
in
effect only until you turn
off
the terminal.
Several
other terminal features
can
be turned
on
from the keyboard (see
Chapter
3).
The terminal's default values may not match the requirements of your computer, modem, or printer. Look
in
their manuals
and
note the
requirements
in
the inside back cover of this manual for future reference.
~
Caution-Don't enter setup mode while data
is
being transmitted between the
terminal
and
the computer. The terminal cannot receive data during setup
mode. To
enter setup mode, press the SHIFT
and
SETUP
keys simultaneously.
Any information
on
the screen remains frozen until you exit setup mode,
and a
line of boxes, called fields, appears at the top of the screen. These
fields prompt you
in
setting
up
your terminal.
I
SETUP-Exit
I I
ARROW
KEYS-New
Fleldsl
~
BAR-Next
ChoIce
II
ENTER-Old
II
ESC-Default
I
Another line
of
fields at the bottom of the screen (the setup line) shows
parameters you
can
change. The active field
is
highlighted. Change the
active
field
with
the
<l
and
[>
keys.
You
can
rotate through the seven setup
levels
with
the 6 and
\l
keys.
Setting Up the
Terminal
Changing
the
Setup
Parameters
First
Setup
Level
Press the
<J
or [> key to choose the parameter you wish to change; press
the spacebar to
cycle through your choices. Leave your selection displayed
and go
on
to the next parameter you
want
to change.
Restoring
Parameters
To
restore values previously saved
in
memory, press the
ENTER
key.
To
return
all
parameters to their default values, press the
ESC
key.
To
save
changes you've
made, press the SHIFT
and
SETUP
keys simultaneously,
then press the Y
key.
The changes will be saved even after you turn
off
the
power. The
following sections describe the setup levels, their parameters, and
possible settings. Default settings are listed first. I
HANDSHAKE:
NONE I I
SCREEN:
DARK I I CURSOR: BLOCK I I BL I
NK:
ON
I I MODE: FDX I
Table
2-1
First Setup Level
Parameter Settings Explanation
HANDSHAKE NONE
The
MODEM
port has
no
handshaking
protocol. Don't select this if you
also
select
smooth scroll. transparent or
auxiliary (copy print) print mode, or
19200 or 38400 baud.
XONjXOFF
The
MODEM
port handshaking protocol
is
X-onjX-off.
DTR
The
MODEM
port handshaking protocol
is
DTR.
BOTH
The
MODEM
port handshaking protocol
is
X-onjX-off
and
DTR.
SCREEN
DARK
The screen
has
a dark background.
LIGHT
The screen
has
a light background.
CURSOR BLOCK
The cursor
is
a rectangle.
LINE
The cursor
is
an
underline.
BLINK
ON
The cursor blinks.
OFF
The cursor
is
steady.
Chapter 2
5
6
Second
Setup
Level
Table
2-1
Continued
Parameter
MODE*
Settings
FOX HDX
BLOCK H-BLK
Explanation
The communication mode
is
full-duplex.
The communication mode
is
half-duplex.
The communication mode
is
block.
The communication mode
is
half-duplex
block.
*See Chapter 3 for a discussion of modes.
IDATA
BITS:81IsTOP
BITS:lIIPARITY:NONEI
Table 2-2 Second Setup Level
Parameter
Settings
Explanation
DATA
BITS
8 The MODEM
and
AUX ports send and
receive
only 8-bit characters.
7 The
MODEM
and
AUX ports send
and
receive only 7-bit characters.
STOP
BITS
After the terminal sends a character to
the computer, it sends one stop bit.
2 After the terminal sends a character to
the computer, it sends
two
stop bits.
PARITY
NONE The terminal doesn't
add
or check for a
parity bit.
ODD The terminal sends data
with
odd parity,
ignoring any incoming parity bits.
EVEN
The terminal sends data
with
even parity,
ignoring any incoming parity bits.
MARK The
terminal sends data
with
mark parity
ignoring any incoming parity bits.
Setting
Up
the Terminal
Third
Setup
level
Fourth
Setup
level
Table 2-3 Third Setup Level
Parameter
BAUD
RATE
Settings
9600
19200 38400 50 75 110
134.5 150 300 600 1200
1800 2000 2400 4800
Explanation
Sets baud rate (speed, expressed
as
bps-bits
per second) at which the terminal sends and receives data through the
MODEM
port and sends data out the AUX port. This sets both the MODEM and AUX port baud rates.
[]1E
END:
US/CR
I I AUTO
NL:
ON
I
~
I AUTO
SCRL:
ON
I I
LOCK:
CAPS I I
REPEAT:
ON
I
Table 2-4 Fourth Setup Level
Parameter
BLK
END
Chapter 2
Settings
USjCR
Explanation
When you send a block of data, the terminal sends a unit separator
(US) character at the end of each line and a carriage return
(CR)
character at the end
of the
block.
CRLF
jETX When you send a block of data, the
terminal sends carriage return and line feed
(CR
LF)
characters at the end of
each
line,
and
an
end of
text
(ETX)
character at the end of the block.
7
8
Table 2-4 Continued
Parameter
Settings Explanation
AUTO NL
ON
When a character
is
entered at the end
of
a line, the cursor goes to the beginning
of
the next line.
OFF
When a character
is
entered at the end
of
a line, the cursor stops.
CR
CR
The terminal interprets a received
CR
character
as
a carriage return. The
RETURN and
ENTER
keys send a
CR
character.
CRLF
The terminal interprets a received
CR
character
as
a carriage return and a line
feed. The RETURN and
ENTER
keys
send a
CR
character.
AUTOSCRL
ON
When you enter a character at the end
of the last line, the top line of data scrolls up off
the screen and
is
lost.
OFF
When you enter a character at the end
of the last line, the cursor goes
to
the
top
left corner
of
the screen.
LOCK
CAPS
The CAPS LOCK key shifts the alphabetic keys
to
uppercase.
REV
Reverses the action of the SHIFT key
when
CAPS LOCK
is
on. All shifted alphabetic keys are lowercase; unshifted alphabetic keys are uppercase.
REPEAT
ON
The keys repeat if pressed for more than
one-half second.
OFF
Disables key repeat.
Setting Up
the
Terminal
Fifth
Setup
Level
I
CRT
SAVER:OFF
I I
PROTECT:DIM
II
ATTRIBUTE:PAGE
I
Table 2-5 Fifth Setup
Level
Parameter
CRT
SAVER
PROTECT
ATTRIBUTE
Chapter 2
Settings
OFF
ON
DIM NORMAL
PAGE
LINE
Explanation
Disables screen
(CRT)
saver feature;
data
is
always displayed.
If the terminal
is
inactive for
18 minutes, the screen blanks but data is
not lost. Press the SHIFT key to
restore the screen. Protected characters are dim. Protected characters appear
in
normal video. Display attributes
are
active to the end of the screen or the next display attribute, whichever occurs first.
Display attributes
are
active to the end of the
line or the next display
attribute, whichever occurs first.
9
10
Sixth
Setup
Level
'COMPATIBLE
MODE:WY30
/
~~
'KEYPAD:NUMERIC/ 'FKEYS:REMOTEI ,TEST:OFF /
Table 2-6 Sixth Setup Level
Parameter Settings
Explanation
COMPATIBLE
Altos
IV
The terminal
can
run
programs
written
MODE
for WY-50, WY-100,
and
Lear Siegler
ADM-31 terminals.
TV1910+
The terminal
can
run
programs
written
for TeleVideo 910 + terminals.
TVI925
The terminal
can
run
programs
written
for TeleVideo 925 terminals.
ADDSVP
The terminal can run programs
written
for ADDS Viewpoint A2 terminals.
ENHANCE
OFF
The terminal ignores the enhanced set of commands.
ON
The terminal recognizes
an
additional group of commands normally recognized by the terminal selected in
Compatible mode.
KEYPAD
NUMERIC
The keypad keys function
as
normal
numeric keys.
APPLIC
The keypad sends application sequences.
FKEYS
REMOTE
Reprogrammed function keys send code sequences to the computer.
LOCAL
Reprogrammed function keys send code sequences
only to the terminal.
TEST
OFF
The terminal is ready for normal
operation.
ON
Enables a manufacturing test.
Do
not
select this value.
Setting Up the Terminal
Seventh
Setup
Level
The seventh setup level allows you to program
57
keys:
• The terminal control keys
(ESC,
TAB,
BACK
SPACE,
DEL,
RETURN, LINE
FEED,
6,
'V,
<J,
l>,
and
HOME)
• The accounting keys
on
the numeric keypad (comma, minus sign, period,
ENTER,
and
0 through
9)
• The function keys
on
the top row of the keyboard
These keys
can
hold a total of 1024 characters
(64
per key
up
to 1024). The
first
121
characters you program are saved
in
memory; the rest are
effective
only until you turn
off
the terminal's power.
The
terminal assigns memory space
in
the same order
as
keys are displayed
in
setup mode. When you reprogram a
key,
it may use
up
some of the
121
character spaces previously saved for another
key.
To
check that a key's
program
is
saved, press that key to see if it displays a highlighted field.
You
can
continue reprogramming the keys until you leave the setup mode.
As soon
as
you enter the seventh setup level, the top line
of
the screen
displays fields that prompt you
in
programming the keys.
ISETUP-Exltllup
or
DOWN-New
KeyIILEFT-BackIIENTER-Oldl
[BOME-ClearIIOTHER-Datal
The bottom line displays the name of a key that you
can
program.
Each
of the
57
programmable keys
is
displayed, one at a time beginning
with
the terminal control keys. The area (or field) following the key's name
is
highlighted. As you enter characters, they appear
in
the highlighted field .
Note-If
you try to enter more than 64 characters for that
key,
the terminal
beeps
and
the rest of the characters are ignored.
The next section describes the steps you
would follow to program any
of
these keys.
Chapter 2
11
Leaving
Setup
Mode
Programming
Function
Keys
The function keys
on
the top row of the numeric keypad (described
in
Chapter
3)
can
also
be
programmed.
You
effectively have 32 programmable
function keys
(8
shiftable to
16).
The unshifted function keys are displayed
as
Fl
through F16; the shifted keys are displayed
as
sFl
through sF16.
Chapter 3 describes function keys
in
detail. If you do not program them,
they send the default codes
as
listed
in
Table
3-3.
You
can
program the function keys by following Steps 1 through 3
in
the
section
"Programming Terminal Control Keys."
Press
the SHIFT
and
SETUP
keys simultaneously to leave setup mode. The
status
line displays
I
SAVE
CHANGES
FOR
POWER-ON?
I
~
~
I
ENTER-Old
I I
ESC-Defaul
t I
• Press the Y key to save
all
changes
in
memory. The changes will be saved even
if you turn
off
the power or reset the terminal.
• Press the N key to leave setup mode
without
saving the changes. The
new
parameters are effective only until you turn
off
the power.
• Press the
ENTER
key to restore
all
parameters from memory before leaving
setup mode.
• Press the
ESC
key to restore
all
parameters to their factory default values. Then
press
Y to save these values, if desired.
Chapter 2
13
14
Basic
Keyboard
Controls
3
Controlling
the
Terminal
This chapter describes
how
to control the terminal
from
the
keyboard.
The
alphanumeric keys are identical
to
those on a standard typewriter. Keys
that
control terminal functions (such as RETURN and TAB) are dark grey.
IBGGGIIGGGGIIEJEJEJEJI
EJEJBB
[;J[;J~~
B
OJ
[]]
rn
OJ
[I]
[1J
[I]
GJ
ITJ
[]]
[]
[;Jll
BackJ
~
Prey
SCRN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 . =
Space
Next
[E]JGJ000[2J~G0GGWITJLJ
~
Del
[E]JGJGJG0~000~DCJI
[Retn]
§
Ej[EIJ000~000[3JCJOJ[8J0B
I~II
IDGGG
To
reprogram
the
terminal control keys, see Chapter
2.
The
following
table
describes
the
default
functions
of
the
terminal control keys
when
the
terminal's
not
in
setup
mode. The local keys, CAPS LOCK and RESET
SETUP, act directly at
the
terminal. All
the
other
keys (called remote keys)
send
ASCII codes
that
your
computer's
programs
may
reinterpret. If you are
in
block
mode,
the
code is
sent
directly
to
the
terminal and produces
the
effects
described
in
Table
3-1
.
Note-Keep
in
mind
that
pressing
them
will
not
produce
the
described
effect
unless your program recognizes
the
codes
sent
by
these
keys.
Table 3-1
Key
ARROW
KEYS
The Keyboard
Description
Move
the
cursor
in
the
direction
of
the
arrows. Press
the
CTRL and
6.
or
'V
keys
to
change
the
smooth
scroll speed.
6.
sends VT;
'V
sends LF;
<J
sends BS;
[>
sends
FF.
Controlling
the
Terminal
Table
3-1
Key
BACK SPACE
BREAK
TAB
DEL CHAR
DEL LINE
CAPS LOCK
CTRL
ENTER
ESC
FUNCT
Chapter
3
Continued
Description
Moves the cursor
left one position
without
erasing data.
Sends
BS.
Sends a BREAK signal for a period of 250 milliseconds. The effect of this depends
on
your computer.
Moves the cursor to the next tab stop. At the end of the line, the cursor moves to the first tab stop
in
the next line.
Pressed
with
SHIFT, TAB sends
ESC
I to the host com-
puter. Has
no
effect
in
block mode.
In
most programs, deletes
the character left of the cursor
and
moves
the
cursor left
one position. Sends
DEL.
Deletes the entire line containing the cursor. The lines below
the deleted line are moved up one line. The cursor
is
placed at the beginning of the next lower line. A blank
line
is
inserted
as
the bottom line.
Turns caps lock mode
off
and
on,
and
displays
CAPS
on
the status line. Capitalizes alphabetic keys only. Press the SHIFT key to enter shifted symbols (e.g., ! and @). If you select
REV
in
setup mode, shifted alphabetic keys display
lowercase letters. Pressed
with
another
key,
the
CTRL
key sends a control
code. Changes operation of some keys. Hold
down
CTRL
while pressing the other
key.
If the
CR
parameter
in
setup mode
is
CR,
ENTER
moves
the cursor to the beginning of the same
line. If the
CR
parameter
is
CRLF,
ENTER
moves the cursor to the
beginning of the next
line. Sends
CR.
Introduces
an
escape sequence.
See
Appendix
C.
Sends
ESC.
Pressed
with
another
key,
FUNCT sends SOH, the other
key's
code, and
CR.
15
16
Table 3-1
Key
HOME
INS CHAR
INS
LINE
LINE FEED
PREV SCREEN NEXT (shifted)
PREV SCREEN NEXT (unshifted)
PRINT / SEND
RETURN
RESET
SETUP
Continued
Description
Moves
the
cursor to the top
left
corner
of
the
screen
(called
the
home position). Sends
RS.
Places a blank space at the current cursor position,
moving all characters
to
the right one position. This key
works
on one character at a
time;
displaced characters do
not
wrap
to
the
next line. A character at the right margin
position
is
lost.
This key inserts a line
of
blanks at the line containing
the cursor. The original line containing the cursor and all lines below
are moved
down
one line. The cursor
is
placed at
the beginning
of
the
new
blank line. The original
bottom
line
is
moved
off
the screen.
Moves
the
cursor
down
one line
in
the same column.
Sends
LF.
When
you press this key along
with
the shift key, you can
view
the previous screen of text.
By pressing this key
alone, you
can
view
the
next screen
of
text.
When
pressed
with
shift, this key prints
the
screen
contents (from
home
to
the current cursor position)
to
the
AUX port.
If the
CR
parameter
in
setup
mode
is
CR,
RETURN
moves the cursor to the beginning
of
the same line. If the
CR
parameter
is
CRLF,
RETURN moves
the
cursor
to
the
beginning
of
the next line. Sends
CR.
SETUP
puts
the
terminal into setup mode and displays the
first-level
setup
line and the setup prompts (described
in
Chapter 2). Pressed
with
SHIFT, this key resets
the
termi-
nal, and unlocks the keyboard
if
locked.
Controlling the Terminal
18
Accounting
Keys
Unless
you've
already reprogrammed
the
accounting keys,
they
have
two
operating
modes:
numeric data entry and editing functions.
If you
want
the
numeric
keys to
perform
the
editing functions either change
the
KEYPAD parameter
to
APPLIC (application) or press
the
CTRL key
with
the
appropriate keypad key. For example, if you
want
to delete a line
of
text
from
the
screen
while
the
terminal's
in
NUMERIC keypad mode, press the
CTRL and 5 keys at
the
same
time
or press
the
Del Line
Key.
If you
want
to
clear a line
of
text
for
example, press the CTRL key and 9 key
while
the
terminal is
in
NUMERIC keypad
mode
.
Note-If
you've
reprogrammed
the
accounting keys
(as
described
in
Chapter 2),
they
send
whatever
you've
programmed into them. If you
want
them
to
send
the
default functions, press
the
SHIFT or CTRL key
with
the
keypad
key.
Table 3-2 Editing Functions of
the
Numeric Keypad
Function
INS CHAR
7
INS LINE
4
SEND
1
PRINT
0
DEL CHAR
8
Predefined Key
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Controlling the Terminal
Description
Inserts a space at the cursor position, moving
all
succeeding characters right one
position. Sends
ESC
Q.
Inserts a line
of
spaces
below
the
cursor,
pushing data
below
the inserted line
down
one line. The
bottom
line
of
data is lost.
Sends
ESC
E.
Sends a block
of
data
(all
characters
from
HOME
up
to
and including
the
cursor
position) to the computer. Sends
ESC
7.
Sends the screen's
contents
to
the
printer
attached
to
the AUX port. The data is
formatted
exactly
as
shown
on
the
screen.
Pressed
with
the
SHIFT key, it sends
formatted
data
to
the
printer.
Deletes
the
character at
the
cursor
position, moving
the
character on
the
right
into that position. Sends
ESC
W.
Table 3-2
Continued
Key Function
DEL LINE
Yes
Deletes
the
entire line containing
the
5
cursor, moving the lines
below
it
up one
line. Sends
ESC
R.
COPY
PRT
No
Turns copy print
mode
on
and off.
2
(Sometimes called extension/auxiliary print mode.)
Pressed
with
the
SHIFT key,
it turns transparent print
mode
on and off.
CLR
LINE No Replaces all data
from
the
cursor
to
the
9
end
of
the
line
with
space characters.
Pressed
with
the
SHIFT key, it replaces
the
data
with
null characters. Sends
ESC
T.
CLR
PAGE
No Replaces
all
data
from
the
cursor
to
the
end
of
the
screen
with
space characters.
Pressed
with
the
SHIFT key, it replaces
the
data
with
null characters. Sends
ESC
y.
PREY SCRN
Yes
Returns
the
cursor
to
the
position it last
3
occupied
in
the
other
screen area (if
the
program has divided
the
screen into upper
and
lower
areas). Sends
ESC
J.
NEXT
SCRN
Yes
Moves
the
cursor
to
the
position it last
occupied
in
the
other
screen area if
the
program has divided the screen into
two
areas (upper and lower). Sends
ESC
K.
REPLACE No
Typed characters
write
over existing
characters. Sends
ESC
r.
INSERT No
Characters
to
the
right
of
the
cursor
move
right
as
you type. Sends
ESC
q.
Function
Keys
The sixteen function keys,
F1
through F16, occupy
the top
row
of
the
keyboard. Although 16 function keys are labeled
as
such, you effectively have 32. All
16 function keys can be shifted giving you a total
of
32 function keys.
Chapter 3
19
Communication
Modes
Table 3-4 Terminal Features Feature
Partially reset terminal (unlock keyboard, turn
all
print modes off)
Unlock keyboard
Clear screen to nulls
Increase
scrolling rate
Decrease
scrolling rate
Turn keyclick
on
and
off
Turn monitor mode
on
and
off
Turn status line display
on
and
off
Turn block mode
on
and
off
Turn
copy print mode
on
and
off
Turn transparent print mode
on
and
off Print unformatted screen Print formatted screen
Key
Sequence
CTRL
SETUP
SHIFT CTRL
HOME
CTRL
/':,
CTRL
\l
CTRL
ENTER
CTRL
<J
CTRL
!>
CTRL
BACKSPACE
CTRL
KPD
2
CTRL
SHIFT
KPD
2
CTRL
KPD
0
CTRL
SHIFT
KPD
0
Only
keyclick
and
caps lock
can
be
changed while the terminal
is
in
setup
mode. The
terminal must be
in
normal operating mode to set the other
features
listed.
To
save these changes, follow the
two
steps below.
1.
Press the SHIFT and
SETUP
keys
twice
to enter
and
leave setup
mode.
2.
Press Y to save the changes.
Four modes
of
communication are possible between the terminal and the
computer:
full duplex, half duplex, block,
and
half-duplex block. The
following figure shows how the terminal handles data
in
each mode.
Changing
Communication
Modes
Select the communication mode
in
the first setup level.
Chapter
3
21
22
Full-Duplex
Mode
Full
duplex
is
the default mode.
In
this mode, the terminal sends keyboard entries only to the computer. The computer may send data back to the terminal, where it's displayed
on
the screen. While the terminal
is
in
full-duplex mode, FDX appears
on
the status line.
HALF DUPLEX
FULL DUPLEX
SCREEN
1
DISPLAY PROCESSOR
LOCAL
Half-Duplex
Mode
---..
FROM KEYBOARD
~
- - - -
TO/FROM
COMPUTER
-----
-1
COMPUTER
BLOCK
TRANSMISSION
----
-1
COMPUTER
In
half-duplex mode, data goes to the computer
and
the terminal at the
same time. While the terminal
is
in
half-duplex mode, HDX appears
on
the
status line.
Controlling the Terminal
Block
Mode
In
block mode, keyboard entries go only to the terminal's screen. When a
block
of
text
is
ready, you
can
send it to the computer
with
the SEND
key.
Data from the computer
is
also displayed on the screen. While the terminal
is
in
block mode,
BLK
appears
on
the status line.
Half-Duplex
Block
Mode
Half-duplex block mode
is
the same
as
block mode except the terminal
follows
Request-To-Send
(RTS)
and
Clear-To-Send
(CTS)
handshaking
protocol. While the terminal
is
in
half-duplex block mode,
BLK
appears
on
the status line.
Monitor
Mode
In
monitor
mode, the terminal displays
all
characters, including control
characters, but does not act
on
them. This
is
useful for debugging
programs.
Chapter 3
23
24
Symptoms
and
Solutions
4
Troubleshooting
Often a suspected terminal malfunction
is
something you
can
easily fix.
Read
this chapter before placing a service call. The symptoms are shown
in
bold type, followed by suggested solutions .
Warning-We
are NOT suggesting that you try to fix internal terminal
problems.
DO
NOT open the terminal case unless you are a qualified service
technician.
While the case
is
open, dangerous voltages are exposed (even
after the
power
has been turned off).
Terminal doesn't maintain its tilt angle
with
all cables attached .
Warning-Do
not disassemble the terminal's foot mechanism because it's
spring-loaded under extremely high tension. Adjust the foot spring
with
a flat-blade screwdriver, not more than
one-quarter turn at a time.
If the foot does not extend when
the
terminal
is
tilted forward, turn the screw counterclockwise to loosen it.
Power switch
is
on, but display
is
blank.
If the foot stays extended so the terminal is too upright, turn the screw clockwise to tighten it.
Turn the
power
switch
off
and
on.
Did
the terminal beep? If not, make sure
the
power
cord
is
connected both at the terminal and at the electrical outlet.
Troubleshooting
Terminal beeps but you can't see cursor.
Adjust the brightness
slideswitch, sliding it to the far right.
Screen goes
blank while
the
terminal
is
on.
This
is
a normal condition if the screen saver parameter
(CRT
SAVER)
is
on,
and the terminal
is
inactive for
18
minutes. Press the SHIFT key to bring
back the
display without changing the data.
Display doesn't respond when you press a
key.
If
LOCK
appears
in
the status line, the keyboard
is
locked. Press the
SETUP
key. Press the
CAPS
LOCK key several times. If
CAPS
does not appear, make
sure the keyboard
is
properly attached
and
functioning. If
CAPS
appears, the
keyboard
is
working, but not communicating
with
the computer.
Go
into
setup mode
and
make sure the setup parameters match your computer.
(See
the next condition.)
The computer doesn't respond when you type
on
the keyboard.
Make sure the computer
and
keyboard cable connections
are
correct.
See
Chapter
1.
Check your setup parameters. Select
FOX
mode
and
make sure the
handshake, baud rate, data bit, stop bit,
and
parity bit parameter values
match your computer's requirements.
When
the
terminal
is
turned on, error codes A,
C,
K,
X, or Y appear
at
the
lower
right side of
the
screen.
Press the
SHIFT
and
SETUP
keys simultaneously to stop the manufacturing
self-test. If the error code continues, simultaneously press SHIFT
and
SETUP
twice more,
and
press Y to restore the factory default values.
Chapter
4
25
A
S p e c
Screen
Display Format
Character Formation
Character Set Displayed Characters
Cursor Control
Cursor
Attributes
Communications Interfaces
Communications Modes
Word Structure
Parity Handshake
Protocol
Baud Rates
Nonhidden Video Attributes
Protect Video Attributes
Appendix A
f
cations
14-inch (diagonal). flat-screen,
P-31
green
phosphor cathode-ray tube 26
lines
(1
status line, 24 data display lines, 1 setup
line).
80
columns; horizontally-split screen
7
x
10
matrix
in a 10 x 12
cell; lowercase
descenders
with
two
descending dots
US
ASCII
128 characters
(96
displayable ASCII characters,
16
control code symbols,
and
16
special graphics
characters) Home, up, down, left. right, tab, return, enter, and
linefeed Block/line;
blinking/steady; off
2
EIA RS-232C ports, AUX
and
MODEM
Block, half-duplex, full-duplex,
and
half-duplex block
7 or 8 data bits; 1 or 2 stop bits Odd, even, mark, or none X-on/X-off,
DTR,
both, or none (terminal does not recognize X-on/X-off handshake sent from a computer)
MODEM
and AUX ports (not independent):
50,
75,
110, 134.5, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2000,
2400, 4800, 9600, 19.2K,
and
38.4K
Dim, blink, blank, underline,
and
reverse
(combinable) Dim
and
normal
27
28
Keyboard
Fields Power Requirements
Net Weight Dimensions
Terminal Keyboard
Specifications
Low-profile detached with 6-foot (1.83m)
coiled
cable;
two-position tilt (low position meets DIN
specification)
101
keys arranged
in
typewriter, numeric
pad,
and
function key sections.
16
user programmable
function keys providing
32
separate codes.
N-key rollover Protected
and
unprotected
115
VAC,
60
Hz
(U.S.); 230
VAC,
50
Hz
(international) 19
pounds (8.6
kg)
Height Width
Depth
in em
in em in em
11.5 25.4 12.5 29.2
13
33.0
2.25 5.7 16.37 41.6
5.5 14.0
30
Table B-2
AUX
Port Configuration
(DCE)
Pin
Signal EIA Direction Comments
Frame Ground
AA
2
Not
used
3 Receive Data
BB
Out
4
Not
used
5 Clear
to
Send
CB
Out
Always high
6
Data Set Ready
CC
Out
Always high
7 Ground AB
8
Data Carrier
Detect
CF
Out
Always high
11
Data Terminal Ready
CD
In
*
20 Data Terminal Ready CD
In
*
*The
terminal recognizes the printer
as
busy
when
pin
11
(or
20)
is
low
Do not connect
both pin
11
and pin 20; connect only one of these pins.
Table
B-3
Typical Modem Pin Assignments
Hayes Terminal Smartmodem (DTE)
1200 (DCE)
1 1
2 2
3 3
7 7
20 20
We
recommend
that pins 6 and 8 be disconnected. They are
modem
protocols that may lock up the terminal.
Connector
Pin
Assignments
Table
C-1
Continued
Command
Initiate escape
sequ~nce
Home cursor Move cursor to
column one of next
line
with
scroll
Send terminal
identifier
Response:
30
CR
Clear unprotected characters to
display attribute
Unlock keyboard
Lock keyboard
Turn
protect mode
on
Turn
protect mode off
Turn
write-protect mode
off
Turn
write-protect mode
on
Home cursor, clear screen to nulls, turn
off
protect
and
write-protect modes
Home
cursor, clear screen to space
characters, turn off protect
and
write-protect modes
Home
cursor, clear screen to protected
spaces, turn
off
protect
and
write-protect modes
Move cursor to segment
and
address
Clear unprotected data to a specified
character (write-protected if
write-protect
on)
Read
active segment number
and cursor address
Response: seg line col
Clear
all
tab stops, turn
off
tab mode
Set a tab stop at cursor column, turn
on
tab mode
Clear tab stop at cursor
Appendix
C
Sequence
CTRL[ CTRL
!\
or
ESC
{
CTRL
_
ESC
SPACE
ESC!
attr
ESC
II
or
CTRL
N
ESC
#
or
CTRL
0
ESC
&
ESC
I
ESC
( ESC) ESC
*
ESC
+
ESC,
ESC
- seg line col
ESC. char
ESC
/
ESC
0
ESC
1
ESC
2
33
34
Table
C-1
Continued
Command Sequence
Send unprotected line Send
unprotected page
Send entire line
Send
page
Place Start-of-Text
(STX)
character at cursor
Place End-of-Text
(ETX)
character at cursor
Home
cursor, clear unprotected
characters to
nulls
Home
cursor, clear unprotected characters
to
spaces (protected if
write-protect
mode
is
on)
Address cursor to
line column
Read cursor address
Response:
line col
CR
Response:
II
R cc C
Print
formatted
unprotected page
Set display field attributes
n Screen area
o Data area
1
Label line (bottom line)
ESC
4
ESC
5
ESC
6
ESC
7
ESC
8
ESC
9
ESC: ESC;
or CTRL Z
ESC
= line col
ESC?
or
ESC
b
ESC
@
ESC
A n attr
2 Terminal message field
(on
top line)
3
Computer
message field
(on
top line)
Turn block
mode
on
ESC
B
Turn
block
mode
off
ESC
C
Turn full-duplex
mode
on
ESC
D F
Turn
half-duplex
mode
on
ESC
D H
Insert line
of
space characters
ESC
E
Program and display
computer
message
ESC
F message
CR
on status line
Set
character display attribute
Display single special graphics character
Turn
special graphics
mode
on
Turn
special graphics
mode
off
Backtab
Activate
other
data
segment
Quick Reference Guide
ESC
G attr
ESC
H x
ESC
H CTRL B
ESC
H CTRL C
ESC
I
ESC
J
or
ESC
K
Table
C-1
Continued
Command
Print
unformatted
page
Send character at cursor position
Turn
autoscrolling
mode
off
Turn autoscrolling
mode
on
Print
formatted
page Insert one space character Delete a line Send block
of
unprotected characters
Clear
from
cursor to end
of
line
with
spaces
Turn
monitor
mode
on
Protect cursor
column
Delete
cursor character
Turn
monitor
mode
off
Clear
from
cursor
to
end
of
segment
with
spaces
Address cursor
to
line
Activate upper data
segment
Set display attributes
n Attribute
o True reverse screen
off
1 True reverse screen
on
Sequence
ESC
L
or
ESC
p
ESC
M
ESC
N
ESC
0
ESC
P
ESC
Q
ESC
R
ESC
S
ESC
T
ESC
U
ESC
V
ESC
W
ESC
X
or
ESC
u
ESC
Y
ESC
[ line
ESC
1
or
ESC
c
ESC
A n
2 Attribute active to end
of
page
3
Attribute
active
to
end
of
line
Set scrolling speed and type
c Scrolling Type
@
Jump
scroll (default)
< Smooth scroll
G
>
?
H
I
Appendix C
Smooth scroll Smooth scroll Smooth scroll Smooth scroll Smooth scroll Smooth scroll
ESC'
c
Speed
(Ips)
1
2
3
4
8
15
20
35
36
Table
C-1
Continued
Command
Set protected character attribute
c Attribute
7 Dim (default)
A Normal
Screen display
off
Screen display
on
(default)
Set
cursor display features
n Cursor display
o
Off
1 On
2 Steady block cursor 5
Blinking block cursor
4
Steady line cursor
3
Blinking line cursor
Address cursor to
line column
Read
cursor address (active segment)
Response:
/I
R cc C
Tabulate cursor
Move cursor up
in
same column. scroll
down if at top line (reverse linefeed)
Turn
local edit mode
on
Turn
remote edit mode on
Print unformatted page Turn
insert mode
on
Turn
insert mode
off Send block of data Clear the line to nulls Turn
monitor mode
off
Split screen horizontally Redefine screen
as
one segment
Clear data segment to nulls
Quick Reference Guide
Sequence
ESC
\ C
ESC
\ 8
ESC
\ 9
ESC
\ n
ESC
a
/I
R
cc
C
ESC
b
ESC
i
or
CTRL
I
ESC
j
ESC
k
ESC
I
ESC
p
or
ESC
L
ESC
q
ESC
r
ESC
s
ESC
t
ESC
u
or
ESC
X
ESC
x 1 line
ESC
x 0
ESC
y
37
Table
C-'
Continued
Command Sequence
Program/display a
function
key label
ESC
z field label
CR
Clear a function key label
ESC
z field
CR
field
key
unshifted
shifted
key
unshifted
shifted
F1
0
P
F9
8 X
F2
1
Q
F10 9 Y
F3
2
R
F11
Z
F4
3
S F12
[
F5
4
T F13
<
\
F6
5 U F14
1
F7
6 V F15
>
1\
F8
7
W F16
?
Program a programmable key
ESC
z key sequence DEL
Clear a programmable key
ESC
z key DEL
key
unshifted
shifted
key
unshifted
F1
@
,
RIGHT
F2
A
a
HOME
/
F3
B
b
KPD,
P
F4
C
c
KPD
- q
F5
D
d
KPD.
r
F6
E e ENTER
s
F7
F
f
KPD
0 t
F8
G
g
KPD
1 u
F9
H h
KPD
2 v
F10
I
KPD
3
w
F11
J
j
KPD
4 x
F12
K k
KPD
5
Y
F13
L
I
KPD
6 z
F14
M m
KPD
7 {
F15
N n
KPD
8
I I
F16
0 0
KPD
9
}
ESC
space
TAB
!
BACKSPACE BREAK/DEL
#
RETURN
$
LlNEFEED
%
UP
+
DOWN LEFT
Program/display unshifted label line
ESC
z ( label
CR
Appendix C
41
Table C-3 Continued
Line
Altos
IV
Altos
IV
ADDS-VP
ADDS-VP
TV1910+
/925
TVI91 0 +
/925
Line Code
Column Code
Li
ne Code line
Column Code col
line
col
43
J
B
44
K
C
45
L
D
46
M
E
47
N
F
48
0 G
49
P
H
50
Q
I
51
R P
52
S
Q
53
T
R
54
U
S
55
V
T
56
W
U
57
X
V
58
Y
W
59
Z
X
60
[
Y
61
\
\
62
1
a
63
1\
b
64
c
65
d
66
a
e
67
b
f
68
c
9
69
d
h
70
e
71
f
p
72
9
q
73
h
r
74
s
Appendix C
I n d e x
A
Accounting keys
description,
18
programming,
12 Acknowledge, 32 Active
field, 4
Adjusting the
terminal, 3
Adjusting
tilt mechanism, 24 Addressing cursor, 33-36 Alphanumeric keys,
14
APPLlC,
10 Arrow keys, cursor, 14 Attributes
cursor,
5,
36
display, 9
Automatic
new
line, 8 Autoscroll, 8 AUX port
B
baud rate, 7 data bits, 6 location, 2 pin assignments,
30
BACK
SPACE
key,
15 Background, 5 Baud rate
AUX port, 2 MODEM port,
7,
26 Bits, word structure, 6 Blank display, 24-25 Blinking cursor, 5 BLK,
3
BLK
END,
7 Block mode, 6,22-23, 34 BREAK
key,
15
Brightness
slideswitch,
3,
25
C
Cables, 1 CAPS
LOCK
key,
8,
15
Carriage return,
7-8,
15
Changing setup parameters, 5
Index
Characters
echo,
26 garbage, 26 graphics,
34,
42
protected,
9,
36
Clear,
19,33,
35-36
CLR
LINE
key,
19
CLR
PAGE
key,
19
Codes
column,
39
default,
4-5,
13-14,18, 20
error,
2,26
line, 39
Communication modes,
6,
21
Compatible mode,
10,
38
Computer
communications configuration,
26
connecting to terminal.
1-2
status messages, 3
Configuring the
terminal. 4 Connecting a modem, 2 Connecting a printer, 2 Connector
cable, 1
Connector pin assignments
AUX,
30 modem, 29-30 printer,
31 Control keys, terminal, 14 COpy
PRT
key,
19
CRT
saver,
9,
25
CTRL
key,
15
Cursor
absence of,
25
address,
32
-36 arrow keys, 14 attributes,
5,
36 blinking, 5 home, 32-33 keys, 14 movement, 32 wraparound, 8
45
46
D Data
bits, 6
Default
function key
codes, 20
values, 4-5, 13-14,
18
DEL CHAR key,
18
DEL
key,
15
DEL LINE key,
18
Delete,
15,
35
Dim display attribute, 9 Display attributes,
9,
34-35, 38
background, 5 blank,
9,24-25
DTR
handshaking, 5
E
Echo characters,
26
Edit mode, 36 Editing functions,
18
End-of-block terminator, 7 End-of-line terminator, 7 Enhanced
command
group,
10
ENTER key,
8,
15
Error codes,
2,
26
ESC
key,
15
Escape sequences, 15, 32-37 Exiting setup mode, 13
F
Factory self-test.
2,
10, 26
FDX,
3,
6,
22, 26
Features, 20 Fields, 4 Fifth setup
level, 9
First setup
level, 5
Fourth setup
level, 7
Full-duplex
mode
(FDX).
3,
6 , 20-22
FUNCT key,
15
Function keys
default
codes, 20
description,
19
local/remote,
10
programming, 13,
37
Index
G Garbage characters,
26
Graphics characters, 34,
42
H
Half-duplex block
mode,
23
Half-duplex
mode
(HDX).
6,
22,26
Handshaking protocol, 5 HDX,
3,
6,
22,26
Home,
34,37
HOME
key,
15
Identifier, terminal. 33 INS CHAR key,
16
INS LINE key,
16
Insert.
34-36
INSERT
key,
19
Installation
attaching keyboard, 2 attaching printer, 2 cables required, 1 connecting computer, 1 connecting
modem,
2
keyboard adjustment. 3
power
cord, 2
requirements, 1
Interface
cable, 1
K
Key repeat. 8 Keyboard
adjusting height. 3 connecting
to
terminal. 2
unlocking,
25,32
-33
Keyclick,
21
Keypad functions,
18
Keys
accounting,
11,
18
alphanumeric, 14
BACK
SPACE,
15
BREAK DEL,
15
CAPS LOCK, 8,
15
Keys,
continued
CLR
LINE,
19
CLR
PAGE,
19
COPY
PRT,
19
CTRL,
15
cursor, 14
L
DEL CHAR, 15,18 DEL LINE, 15,19 ENTER,
15
ESC,
15
FUNCT,
15
function,
11,
19 HOME,16 INS CHAR.
16,18
INS
LINE,
16,
18
INSERT,
19
LlNEFEED,
16 local. 14 numeric keypad,
10-11, 17-19
PAGE,
19
PRINT,
SEND 16,
18
programmable,
4,
11-13,
18
-20 remote, 14 REPLACE,
19
RETURN,
16 SEND,18 RESET,
SETUP,
4,
16
SHIFT,
17
TAB,
15
terminal control 11-12
Label line, 38 Leaving setup mode, 13 Line
codes, 39 cursor, 5
label,36-37
Linefeed,8 LlNEFEED
key,
7-8,
16 Local keys, 14 Lock, caps, 8
Index
M
Memory
space,
11
Modem
baud rate,
27 connecting to terminal, 2 typical pin assignments, 30
MODEM
port, 2 baud rate, 7 data bits, 6
handshaking, 5
pin assignments,
29
Modes
block,
6,
23,34
communication,
6,
21
compatible,
10,
38 edit, 36 full-duplex,
6,22,
34
half-duplex,
6,22,
34 half-duplex block, 23 monitor,
21,
23, 35-36
setup, 4
Monitor mode,
21,
23,
35-36
N
New
line, automatic, 8
Numeric keypad
o
editing functions,
7,
17-19
NUMERIC/ APPLlC,
10
programming, 11-13
On/off
switch,
1-2
p
Parameters
BLK END, 7
default values, 5
changing, 5 restori
ng,
5
saving,
13
screen
saver,
25
setup mode, 4
47
48
Parity,
6
Pin
assignments,
1,
26, 29-30 Ports, 2 Power
cord, 2 switch,
1,2
Print
key sequences,
21
escape sequences, 32,
34~
37
transparent.
10
PRINT,
16,
18
Printer, connecting,
2,
31 Problems, correcting, 24 Programming
accounting keys,
12
function keys, 13,
37
terminal control keys,
12
numeric keypad,
13
Protected characters,
9,
33-36
R
Rectangular cursor, 5 Remote keys,
10,
14
Repair,
26 Repeating of keys, 8 REPLACE
key,
19
Resetting terminal.
.21,
26 Restoring parameters, 5 RETURN
key,
15
REV,
8
RS-232C cable, 1
S
Saving setup changes,
4,
5,
13
Screen
brightness,
3,
25
display,
5,
36
saver,
9,
25
split. 36
Scrolling
automatic,
8,
35
rate,
21
Second setup level, 6
Index
Self-test. factory,
2,
10, 26 Send, escape sequences, 34-36 SEND
key,
18 Service, 26 SETUP
key,
17
Setup levels
changing, 5 one, 5 two, 6 three, 7 four, 7 five, 9 six,
10
seven,
11
Setup mode, 4
changing fields, 4 entering, 4 exiting,
13
leaving,
13
programmable keys, 4.
11
Setup parameters, changing, 5
Seventh setup level.
11
SHIFT
key,
17
Sixth setup level,
10
Status line,
3,
21, 34
Stop bits,
6,
26
Switches
T
brightness,
3,
25
on/off,
1-2
power,
1-2
TAB
key,
15
Tab
stop, 32, 36
Terminal
absent cursor,
25 adjusting, 3 attaching keyboard, 2 beep, 24 blank display, 24 configuring, 4 connecting,
1-2
control keys, programming,
11
DEVICE
REQUIREMENTS
Computer Printer
Modem
Other
Handshaking protocol
Data
bits
Stop bits
Parity bit type
Baud rate
End-of-line terminator
Carriage return code
Printed in U.S.A. PIN
690-17832-002
[ALtm]
COMPUTER
SYSTEMS®
2641
Orchard Park Way, San Jose, California 95134
408/946-6700, Telex 184815
Altos
UT
November 1985
Printed in U.S.A.
PIN 690-17832-002
[ALtC»]
COMPUTER
SYSTEM5®
2641
Orchard
Park
Way
, San Jose, Cali'fornia 95134
408/946-6700, Telex 184815
Altos
UT
November 1985
To
the
this:
use
Wyse
your
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terminal
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terminal,
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the
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rou
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the
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of
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for
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880227-01
Rev A
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