Allnet ALL1294VPN User Manual

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Broadband VPN

Router

ALL1294VPN

Broadband Internet Access

4-Port Switching Hub

User's Guide

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................1

Broadband VPN Router Features....................................................................................1

Package Contents ..............................................................................................................3

Physical Details..................................................................................................................4

CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION...............................................................................................6

Requirements.....................................................................................................................6

Procedure...........................................................................................................................6

CHAPTER 3 SETUP ................................................................................................................8

Overview ............................................................................................................................8

Configuration Program ....................................................................................................9

Setup Wizard...................................................................................................................11

WAN Port Configuration Screen...................................................................................14

LAN Screen......................................................................................................................17

CHAPTER 4 PC CONFIGURATION..................................................................................19

Overview ..........................................................................................................................19

Windows Clients..............................................................................................................19

Macintosh Clients............................................................................................................31

Linux Clients....................................................................................................................31

Other Unix Systems.........................................................................................................31

CHAPTER 5 OPERATION AND STATUS.........................................................................32

Operation......................................................................................................................... 32

Status Screen....................................................................................................................32

Connection Status - PPPoE ............................................................................................34

Connection Status - PPTP ..............................................................................................36

Connection Status - Telstra Big Pond............................................................................37

Connection Details - SingTel RAS.................................................................................38

Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address .........................................................40

CHAPTER 6 ADVANCED FEATURES..............................................................................42

Overview ..........................................................................................................................42

Advanced Internet Screen ..............................................................................................43

Dynamic DNS (Domain Name Server)..........................................................................48

Virtual Servers.................................................................................................................50

Access Control.................................................................................................................53

Firewall Rules..................................................................................................................57

Scheduling........................................................................................................................61

Services.............................................................................................................................62

CHAPTER 7 VPN...................................................................................................................64

Overview ..........................................................................................................................64

Common VPN Situations................................................................................................66

VPN Configuration .........................................................................................................68

Examples..........................................................................................................................77

Using Certificates ............................................................................................................95

VPN Status.......................................................................................................................99

CHAPTER 8 MICROSOFT VPN .......................................................................................100

Overview ........................................................................................................................100

Server Setup................................................................................................................... 100

Client Database..............................................................................................................101

Status Screen..................................................................................................................103

Windows Client Setup...................................................................................................104

CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTRATIONS...................................................................................112

Overview ........................................................................................................................112

Config File......................................................................................................................113

Logs.................................................................................................................................114

Admin Login..................................................................................................................116

Network Diagnostics .....................................................................................................117

Options...........................................................................................................................118

PC Database...................................................................................................................119

Remote Administration.................................................................................................123

Routing...........................................................................................................................124

Security Options............................................................................................................129

Firmware Upgrade........................................................................................................131

UPnP...............................................................................................................................132

APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING..............................................................................133

Overview ........................................................................................................................133

General Problems..........................................................................................................133

Internet Access...............................................................................................................133

APPENDIX B SPECIFICATIONS......................................................................................135

Broadband VPN Router ...............................................................................................135

FCC Statement ..............................................................................................................135

CE Marking Warning...................................................................................................136

All trademarks and trade names are the properties of their respective owners.

Chapter 1

Introduction

This Chapter provides an overview of the Broadband VPN Router's features and capabilities.

Congratulations on the purchase of your new Broadband VPN Router. The Broadband VPN Router is a multi-function device providing the following services:

Shared Broadband Internet Access for all LAN users.

•

4-Port Switching Hub for 10BaseT or 100BaseT connections.

•

Figure 1: Broadband VPN Router

Broadband VPN Router Features

The Broadband VPN Router incorporates many advanced features, carefully designed to provide sophisticated functions while being easy to use.

Internet Access Features

• Shared Internet Access. All users on the LAN or WLAN can access the Internet

through the Broadband VPN Router, using only a single external IP Address. The local (invalid) IP Addresses are hidden from external sources. This process is called NAT (Network Address Translation).

DSL & Cable Modem Support. The Broadband VPN Router has a 100BaseT Ethernet

•

port for connecting a DSL or Cable Modem. All popular DSL and Cable Modems are supported. SingTel RAS and Big Pond (Australia) login support is also included.

• PPPoE, PPTP, SingTel RAS and Telstra Big Pond Support. The Internet (WAN

port) connection supports PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet), PPTP (Peer-to-Peer Tunneling Protocol), SingTel RAS and Telstra Big Pond (Australia), as well as "Direct Connection" type services.

Fixed or Dynamic IP Address. On the Internet (WAN port) connection, the

•

Broadband VPN Router supports both Dynamic IP Address (IP Address is allocated on connection) and Fixed IP Address.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Advanced Internet Functions

• Communication Applications. Support for Internet communication applications, such

as interactive Games, Telephony, and Conferencing applications, which are often difficult to use when behind a Firewall, is included.

Special Internet Applications. Applications which use non-standard connections or

•

port numbers are normally blocked by the Firewall. The ability to define and allow such applications is provided, to enable such applications to be used normally.

•

Virtual Servers. This feature allows Internet users to access Internet servers on your

LAN. The required setup is quick and easy.

•

Multi-DMZ. For each WAN (Internet) IP address allocated to you, one (1) PC on your

local LAN can be configured to allow unrestricted 2-way communication with Servers or individual users on the Internet. This provides the ability to ru n programs which are incompatible with Firewalls.

URL Filter. Use the URL Filter to block access to undesirable Web sites by LAN users.

•

Internet Access Log. See which Internet connections have been made.

•

VPN Pass through Support. PCs with VPN (Virtual Private Networking) software

•

using PPTP, L2TP and IPSec are transparently supported - no configuration is required.

LAN Features

• 4-Port Switching Hub. The Broadband VPN Router incorporates a 4-port 10/100BaseT

switching hub, making it easy to create or extend your LAN.

•

DHCP Server Support. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides a dynamic IP

address to PCs and other devices upon request. The Broadband VPN Router can act as a DHCP Server for devices on your local LAN and WLAN.

•

Multi Segment LAN Support. LANs containing one or more segments are supported,

via the Broadband VPN Router 's RIP (Routing Information Protocol) support and built-in static routing table.

DMZ Port. Used when allowing Servers on your LAN to be accessed from the Internet,

•

the DMZ port provides additional protection for both your Servers and your LAN.

Configuration & Management

• Easy Setup. Use your WEB browser from anywhere on the LAN or WLAN for

configuration.

•

Remote Management. The Broadband VPN Router can be managed from any PC on

your LAN. And, if the Internet connection exists, it can also (optionally) be configured via the Internet.

• UPnP Support. UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) allows automatic discovery and

configuration of the Broadband VPN Router. UPnP is by supported by Windows ME, XP, or later.

• Configuration File Backup & Restore. You can backup (download) the Broadband

VPN Router's configuration file to your PC, and restore (upload) a previously-saved configuration file to the Broadband VPN Router.

Security Features

• Password - protected Configuration. Optional password protection is provided to

prevent unauthorized users from modifying the configuration data and settings.

•

NAT Protection. An intrinsic side effect of NAT (Network Address Translation)

technology is that by allowing all LAN users to share a single IP address, the location and even the existence of each PC is hidden. From the external viewpoint, there is no network, only a single device - the Broadband VPN Router.

Stateful Inspection Firewall. All incoming data packets are monitored and all

•

incoming server requests are filtered, thus protecting your network from malicious attacks from external sources.

Protection against DoS attacks. DoS (Denial of Service) attacks can flood your

•

Internet connection with invalid packets and connection requests, using so much bandwidth and so many resources that Internet access becomes unavailable. The Broadband VPN Router incorporates protection against DoS attacks.

Rule-based Policy Firewall. To provide additional protection against malicious

•

packets, you can define your own firewall rules. This can also be used to control the Internet services available to LAN users.

VPN Gateway Features

• IPSec.. Support for IPSec standards, including IKE and certificates.

70 Tunnels. Up to 70 VPN tunnels can be created.

•

High performance. High performance encryption engine maintains high throughput

•

even when using 3DES.

Introduction

Microsoft VPN Gateway Support

• PPTP Server. The Broadband VPN Router emulates a Microsoft PPTP VPN Server,

allowing clients to use the Microsoft VPN client provided in Windows.

•

Windows Client Support. Remote users can use the Microsoft VPN client (VPN

Adapter) provided in recent versions of Windows.

•

Easy Setup. For both the Administrator and remote users, the Microsoft VPN is much

easier to configure than IPSec VPN.

Package Contents

The following items should be included:

• The Broadband VPN Router Unit

• Power Adapter

• Quick Installation Guide

• CD-ROM containing the on-line manual.

If any of the above items are damaged or missing, please contact your dealer immediately.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Physical Details

Front-mounted LEDs

Figure 2: Front Panel

Power On - Power on.

Off - No power.

Status (Red) On - Error condition.

Off - Normal operation. Blinking - This LED blinks during start up.

LAN

WAN On - Connection to the modem attached to the WAN (Internet) port is

PPPoE On - PPPoE connection established.

DMZ

For each port, there are 2 LEDs

• Link/Act

• On - Corresponding LAN (hub) port is active.

• Off - No active connection on the corresponding LAN (hub) port.

• Flashing - Data is being transmitted or received via the

corresponding LAN (hub) port.

• 100

• On - Corresponding LAN (hub) port is using 100BaseT.

• Off - Corresponding LAN (hub) port connection is using

10BaseT, or no active connection.

established.

Flashing - Data is being transmitted or received via the WAN port.

Off - No PPPoE connection.

• Link/Act

•

Blinking – receiving/ transmitting data

• 100

• On -

• Off -

Link at 100Mbps

Link at 10Mbps

Rear Panel

Introduction

Figure 3: Rear Panel

DMZ

Reset Button

WAN port (10/100BaseT)

10/100BaseT LAN connections

Use a standard LAN cable to connect to a normal port on another hub.

This button has two (2) functions:

• Reboot. When pressed and released, the Broadband VPN

Router will reboot (restart).

• Clear All Data. This button can also be used to clear ALL data

and restore ALL settings to the factory default values.

To Clear All Data and restore the factory default values:

1. Power Off.

2. Hold the Reset Button down while you Power On.

3. Keep holding the Reset Button for a few seconds, until the RED LED has flashed TWICE.

4. Release the Reset Button. The Broadband VPN Router is now using the factory default values.

Connect the DSL or Cable Modem here. If your modem came with a cable, use the supplied cable. Otherwise, use a standard LAN cable.

Use standard LAN cables (RJ45 connectors) to connect your PCs to these ports.

Note:

Any LAN port on the Broadband VPN Router will automatically function as an "Uplink" port when required. Just connect any port to a normal port on the other hub, using a standard LAN cable.

Power port

Connect the supplied power adapter here.

Chapter 2

Installation

This Chapter covers the physical installation of the Broadband VPN Router.

Requirements

• Network cables. Use standard 10/100BaseT network (UTP) cables with RJ45 connectors.

• TCP/IP protocol must be installed on all PCs.

• For Internet Access, an Internet Access account with an ISP, and either of a DSL or Cable

modem (for WAN port usage)

Procedure

Figure 4: Installation Diagram

1. Choose an Installation Site

Select a suitable place on the network to install the Broadband VPN Router. Ensure the Broadband VPN Router and the DSL/Cable modem are powered OFF.

2. Connect LAN Cables

• Use standard LAN cables to connect PCs to the Switching Hub ports on the Broadband VPN Router. Both 10BaseT and 100BaseT connections can be used simultaneously.

• If required, you can connect any LAN port to another Hub. Any LAN port on the Broadband VPN Router will automatically function as an "Uplink" port when required. Just connect any LAN port to a normal port on the other hub, using a standard LAN cable.

• If desired, connect the DMZ port to a standard port on another Hub. PCs connected this hub will also gain Internet access, but will NOT be able to access the rest of the LAN.

Installation

3. Connect WAN Cable

Connect the DSL or Cable modem to the WAN port on the Broadband VPN Router. Use the cable supplied with your DSL/Cable modem. If no cable was supplied, use a standard cable.

4. Power Up

• Power on the Cable or DSL modem.

• Connect the supplied power adapter to the Broadband VPN Router and power up.

Use only the power adapter provided. Using a different one may cause hardware damage

5. Check the LEDs

• The Power LED should be ON.

• The Status LED should flash, then turn Off. If it stays on, there is a hardware error.

• For each LAN (PC) connection, the LAN Link/Act LED should be ON (provided the PC is

also ON.)

• The WAN LED should be ON.

For more information, refer to Front-mounted LEDs in Chapter 1.

Using the DMZ Port

Please note the following points regarding the DMZ port.

• The DMZ port is a normal port, not an "uplink" port.

• PCs connected to the DMZ port are on the same LAN segment as PCs connected to the

Hub ports. They must use the same IP address range.

• PCs connected to the DMZ port are NOT visible to PCs on the hub (LAN) ports. So you cannot use Microsoft networking or other networking protocols to connect to PCs on the DMZ.

• PCs connected to the DMZ port still share the WAN port IP address for Internet access.

Advantages of the DMZ Port

If running any Servers on your LAN, you should connect them to the DMZ port, for the following reasons:

• Traffic passing between the DMZ and LAN passes through the firewall. The firewall will protect your LAN if your Server is compromised and used to launch an attack on your LAN.

• When using the Virtual Servers feature, (see Virtual Servers in Chapter 6) a firewall rule to allow incoming traffic from the Internet (WAN) to the DMZ is automatically created. If the Server is connected to the LAN (hub) ports, you must add the firewall rule manually.

Chapter 3

Setup

This Chapter provides Setup details of the Broadband VPN Router.

Overview

This chapter describes the setup procedure for:

• Internet Access

• LAN configuration

PCs on your local LAN may also require configuration. For details, see Chapter 4 - PC Configuration.

Other configuration may also be required, depending on which features and functions of the Broadband VPN Router you wish to use. Use the table below to locate detailed instructions for the required functions.

To Do this: Refer to:

Configure PCs on your LAN. Chapter 4:

PC Configuration

Check Broadband VPN Router operation and Status. Chapter 5:

Operation and Status

Use any of the following Internet features:

• Advanced Internet

• Dynamic DNS

• Virtual Servers

• Access Control

• Firewall Rules

• Scheduling

• Services

Use the IPSec VPN features:

• VPN Policies

• Certificates

• CRLs

• VPN Status

Use the Microsoft VPN feature:

• PPTP Server in the Broadband VPN Router.

• User and Client setup.

• Checking VPN connection Status.

Chapter 6: Advanced Features

Chapter 7: VPN

Chapter 8: Microsoft VPN

Setup

Configure or use any of the following:

• Configuration File backup and restore.

• Logs

• Admin Login

• Network Diagnostic

• Options

• PC Database

• Remote Administration

• Routing

• Security Options

• Upgrade Firmware

• UPnP

Where use of a certain feature requires that PCs or other LAN devices be configured, this is also explained in the relevant chapter.

Configuration Program

Chapter 9: Administrations

The Broadband VPN Router contains an HTTP server. This enables you to connect to it, and configure it, using your Web Browser. Your Browser must support JavaScript. The configuration program has been tested on the following browsers:

• Netscape V4.08 or later

• Internet Explorer V4 or later

Preparation

Before attempting to configure the Broadband VPN Router, please ensure that:

• Your PC can establish a physical connection to the Broadband VPN Router. The PC and the Broadband VPN Router must be directly connected (using the Hub ports on the Broadband VPN Router) or on the same LAN segment.

• The Broadband VPN Router must be installed and powered ON.

• If the Broadband VPN Router 's default IP Address (192.168.0.1) is already used by

another device, the other device must be turned OFF until the Broadband VPN Router is allocated a new IP Address during configuration.

Using UPnP

If your Windows system supports UPnP, an icon for the Broadband VPN Router will appear in the system tray, notifying you that a new network device has been found, and offering to create a new desktop shortcut to the newly-discovered device.

• Unless you intend to change the IP Address of the Broadband VPN Router, you can accept the desktop shortcut.

• Whether you accept the desktop shortcut or not, you can always find UPnP devices in My Network Places (previously called Network Neighborhood).

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

• Double - click the icon for the Broadband VPN Router (either on the Desktop, or in My Network Places) to start the configuration. Refer to the following section Setup Wizard for

details of the initial configuration pro cess.

Using your Web Browser

To establish a connection from your PC to the Broadband VPN Router:

1. After installing the Broadband VPN Router in your LAN, start your PC. If your PC is already running, restart it.

2. Start your WEB browser.

3. In the Address box, enter "HTTP://" and the IP Address of the Broadband VPN Router, as in this example, which uses the Broadband VPN Router 's default IP Address:

HTTP://192.168.0.1

If you can't connect

If the Broadband VPN Router does not respond, check the following:

• The Broadband VPN Router is properly installed, LAN connection is OK, and it is powered ON. You can test the connection by using the "Ping" command:

• Open the MS-DOS window or command prompt window.

• Enter the command:

ping 192.168.0.1 If no response is received, either the connection is not working, or your PC's IP address is not compatible with the Broadband VPN Router 's IP Address. (See next item.)

• If your PC is using a fixed IP Address, its IP Address must be within the range

192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254 to be compatible with the Broadband VPN Router 's default IP Address of 192.168.0.1. Also, the Network Mask must be set to 255.255.255.0. See Chapter 4 - PC Configuration for details on checking your PC's TCP/IP settings.

• Ensure that your PC and the Broadband VPN Router are on the same network segment. (If you don't have a router, this must be the case.)

4. You will be prompted for a username and password, as shown below.

Figure 5: Password Dialog

• Enter admin for the User Name, and leave the Password blank.

• Both the name and password can (and should) be changed, using the Admin Login screen.

Setup

Setup Wizard

The first time you connect to the Broadband VPN Router, the Setup Wizard will ru n automatically. (The Setup Wizard will also run if the Broadband VPN Router's default setting are restored.)

1. Step through the Wizard until finished.

• You need to know the type of Internet connection service used by your ISP. Check the data supplied by your ISP.

• The common connection types are explained in the tables below.

2. On the final screen of the Wizard, run the test and check that an Internet connection can be established.

3. If the connection test fails:

• Check your data, the Cable/DSL modem, and all connections.

• Check that you have entered all data correctly.

• If using a Cable modem, your ISP may have recorded the MAC (physical) address of

your PC. Run the Wizard, and on the Cable Modem screen, use the "Clone MAC address" button to copy the MAC address from your PC to the Broadband VPN Router.

Common Connection Types

Cable Modems

Type Details ISP Data required

Dynamic IP Address

Static (Fixed) IP Address

DSL Modems

Type Details ISP Data required

Dynamic IP Address

Your IP Address is allocated automatically, when you connect to you ISP.

Your ISP allocates a permanent IP Address to you.

Your IP Address is allocated automatically, when you connect to you ISP.

Usually, none. However, some ISP's may

require you to use a particular Hostname, Domain name , or MAC (physical) address.

IP Address allocated to you, mask and gateway (if provided), and DNS address.

Some ISP's may also require you to use a particular Hostname, Domain name , or MAC (physical) address.

None.

Static (Fixed) IP Address

Your ISP allocates a permanent IP Address to you.

IP Address allocated to you, mask and gateway (if provided), and DNS address.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

PPPoE You connect to the ISP only

when required. The IP address is usually allocated automatically.

PPTP Mainly used in Europe.

You connect to the ISP only when required. The IP address is usually allocated automatically, but may be Static (Fixed).

Other Modems (e.g. Broadband Wireless)

Type Details ISP Data required

Dynamic IP Address

Static (Fixed) IP Address

Your IP Address is allocated automatically, when you connect to you ISP.

Your ISP allocates a permanent IP Address to you.

User name and password.

• PPTP Server IP Address.

• User name and password.

• IP Address allocated to

you, if Static (Fixed).

Usually, none. However, some ISP's may

require you to use a particular Hostname, Domain name , or MAC (physical) address.

IP Address allocated to you, mask and gateway (if provided), and DNS address.

Big Pond Cable (Australia)

For this connection method, the following data is required:

• User Name

• Password

• Big Pond Server IP address

SingTel RAS

For this connection method, the following data is required:

• User Name

• Password

• RAS Plan

Setup

Home Screen

After finishing or exiting the Setup Wizard, you will see the Home screen. When you connect in future, you will see this screen when you connect. An example screen is shown below.

Figure 6: Home Screen

Navigation & Data Input

• Use the menu bar on the top of the screen, and the "Back" button on your Browser, for navigation.

• Changing to another screen without clicking "Save" does NOT save any changes you may have made. You must "Save" before changing screens or your data will be ignored.

On each screen, clicking the "Help" button will display help for that screen.

From any help screen, you can access the list of all help files (help index).

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

WAN Port Configuration Screen

The WAN Port Configuration screen provides an alternative to using the Wizard. It can be accessed from the Advanced Settings menu. An example screen is shown below.

Identification

Hostname

Domain name

WAN Port MAC Address

IP Address

IP Address is assigned automatically

Figure 7: WAN Port

Normally, there is no need to change the default name, but if your ISP requests that you use a particular “Hostname”, enter it here.

If your ISP provided a domain name, enter it here. Otherwise, this may be left blank.

Also called Network Adapter Address or Physical Address. This is a low-level identifier, as seen from the WAN port.

Normally there is no need to change this, but some ISPs require a particular value, often that of the PC initially used for Internet access.

You can use the Copy from PC button to copy your PC's address into this field, the Default button to insert the default value, or enter a value directly.

Also called Dynamic IP Address. This is the default, and the most common. Leave this selected if your ISP allocates an IP Address to the Wireless Router upon connection.

Setup

Specified IP Address

NAT

Enable NAT

Disable NAT

Also called Static IP Address. Select this if your ISP has allocated you a fixed IP Address. If this option is selected, the following data must be entered.

• IP Address.

The IP Address allocated by the ISP.

• Network Mask (Not required for PPPoE)

This is also supplied by your ISP. It must be compatible with the IP Address above.

• Gateway IP Address (Not required for PPPoE)

The address of the router or gateway, as supplied by your ISP.

• DNS IP Address

The DNS (Domain Name Server) IP Address provided by your ISP. If required, additional DNS entries can be made on the Internet Options screen.

NAT (Network Address Translation) is the technology which allows all PCs on your LAN to share the Internet IP address allocated to the WAN port on this Router. From the Internet, all PCs appear to have the same IP address.

For normal operation, this setting must be ENABLED. Disabling NAT will disable Internet access, unless all PCs have valid

Internet IP addresses.

DNS

Automatically obtain from Serve

Use this DNS

If you wish to use this device for Routing ONLY (and NOT for Internet access), then NAT should be disabled.

The DNS (Domain Name Server) address will be obtained automatically from your ISP's server. Note that if using a fixed IP address, with no login (login is set to "None"), then no Server is used, so this option cannot be used.

If this option is selected, you must enter the IP address of the DNS (Domain Name Server) you wish to use.

Note: If the DNS is unavailable, the "Backup DNS", entered on the "Options" screen, will be used

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Connection Behavior

If your ISP does not use a login method (username, password) for Internet access, leave this at the default value "None (Direct connection)"

Otherwise, check the documentation from your ISP, select the login method used, and enter the required data.

• PPPoE - this is the most common login method, widely used

with DSL modems. Normally, your ISP will have provided some software to connect and login. This software is no longer required, and should not be used.

• PPTP - this is mainly used in Europe. You need to know the

PPTP Server address as well as your name and password.

• Big Pond Cable - for Australia only.

• SingTel RAS - for Singapore only.

The User Name (or account name) provided by your ISP. Enter the password for the login name above. For SingTel customers only, select the RAS plan you are on. If using PPTP or Big Pond Cable, enter the IP address or the Domain

name of your ISP's server. Select the desired option:

• Automatic Connect/Disconnect

An Internet connection is automatically made when required, and disconnected when idle for the time period specified by the "Auto-disconnect Idle Time-out".

• Manual Connect/Disconnect

You must manually establish and terminate the connection.

• Keep alive (maintain connection)

The connection will never be disconnected by this device. If disconnected by your ISP, the connection will be re-established immediately. (However, this does not ensure that your Internet IP address will remain unchanged.)

Auto-disconnect Idle Time-out

Buttons

Default

Copy from PC

Save Cancel

This field has no effect unless using the Automatic Connect/Disconnect setting.

If using this setting, enter the desired idle time-out period (in minutes). After the connection to your ISP has been idle for this time period, the connection will be terminated.

Inserts the default MAC address into the MAC address field. You must click "Save" to actually change the address used.

Inserts the MAC address from your PC into the MAC address field. You must click "Save" to actually change the address used.

Save your changes to the Wireless Router. Reverse any changes made since the last "Save".

LAN Screen

Use the LAN link on the main menu to reach the LAN screen An example screen is shown below.

Figure 8: LAN Screen

Data - LAN Screen

TCP/IP

Setup

IP Address

Subnet Mask

DHCP Server

Buttons

Save

IP address for the Broadband VPN Router, as seen from the local LAN. Use the default value unless the address is already in use or your LAN is using a different IP address range. In the latter case, enter an unused IP Address from within the range used by your LAN.

The default value 255.255.255.0 is standard for small (class "C") networks. For other networks, use the Subnet Mask for the LAN segment to which the Broadband VPN Router is attached (the same value as the PCs on that LAN segment).

• If Enabled, the Broadband VPN Router will allocate IP Addresses to PCs (DHCP clients) on your LAN when they start up. The default (and recommended) value is Enabled.

• If you are already using a DHCP Server, this setting must be Disabled, and the existing DHCP server must be re-configured to treat the Broadband VPN Router as the default Gateway. See the following section for further details.

• The Start IP Address and Finish IP Address fields set the values used by the DHCP server when allocating IP Addresses to DHCP clients. This range also determines the number of DHCP clients supported.

See the following section for further details on using DHCP.

Save the data on screen.

Cancel

The "Cancel" button will discard any data you have entered and reload the file from the Broadband VPN Router.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

DHCP

What DHCP Does

A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server allocates a valid IP address to a DHCP Client (PC or device) upon request.

• The client request is made when the client device starts up (boots).

• The DHCP Server provides the Gateway and DNS addresses to the client, as well as

allocating an IP Address.

• The Broadband VPN Router can act as a DHCP server.

• Windows 95/98/ME and other non-Server versions of Windows will act as a DHCP

client. This is the default Windows setting for the TCP/IP network protocol. However, Windows uses the term Obtain an IP Address automatically instead of "DHCP Client".

• You must NOT have two (2) or more DHCP Servers on the same LAN segment. (If your LAN does not have other Routers, this means there must only be one (1) DHCP Server on your LAN.)

Using the Broadband VPN Router 's DHCP Server

This is the default setting. The DHCP Server settings are on the LAN screen. On this screen, you can:

• Enable or Disable the Broadband VPN Router 's DHCP Server function.

• Set the range of IP Addresses allocated to PCs by the DHCP Server function.

You can assign Fixed IP Addresses to some devices while using DHCP, provided that the Fixed IP Addresses are NOT within the range used by the DHCP Server.

Using another DHCP Server

You can only use one (1) DHCP Server per LAN segment. If you wish to use another DHCP Server, rather than the Broadband VPN Router 's, the following procedure is required.

1. Disable the DHCP Server feature in the Broadband VPN Router. This setting is on the LAN screen.

2. Configure the DHCP Server to provide the Broadband VPN Router 's IP Address as the Default Gateway.

To Configure your PCs to use DHCP

This is the default setting for TCP/IP under Windows 95/98/ME. See Chapter 4 - Client Configuration for the procedure to check these settings.

Chapter 4

PC Configuration

This Chapter details the PC Configuration required on the local ("Internal") LAN.

Overview

For each PC, the following may need to be configured:

• TCP/IP network settings

• Internet Access configuration

Windows Clients

This section describes how to configure Windows clients for Internet access via the Broadband VPN Router.

The first step is to check the PC's TCP/IP settings. The Broadband VPN Router uses the TCP/IP network protocol for all functions, so it is

essential that the TCP/IP protocol be installed and configured on each PC.

TCP/IP Settings - Overview

If using the default Broadband VPN Router settings, and the default Windows TCP/IP settings, no changes need to be made.

• By default, the Broadband VPN Router will act as a DHCP Server, automatically providing a suitable IP Address (and related information) to each PC when the PC boots.

• For all non-Server versions of Windows, the default TCP/IP setting is to act as a DHCP client.

If using a Fixed (specified) IP address, the following changes are required:

• The Gateway must be set to the IP address of the Broadband VPN Router

• The DNS should be set to the address provided by your ISP.

If your LAN has a Router, the LAN Administrator must reconfigure the Router itself. Refer to Chapter 8 - Other Features and Operations for details.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows 9x/ME:

1. Select Control Panel - Network. You should see a screen like the following:

Figure 9: Network Configuration

2. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.

3. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen like the following.

Figure 10: IP Address (Win 95)

Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct, as follows:

Using DHCP

To use DHCP, select the radio button Obtain an IP Address automatically. This is the default Windows setting. Using this is recommended. By default, the Broadband VPN Router will act as a DHCP Server.

Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from the Broadband VPN Router.

Using "Specify an IP Address"

If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following changes:

PC Configuration

• On the Gateway tab, enter the Broadband VPN Router 's IP address in the New Gateway field and click Add, as shown below. Your LAN administrator can advise you of the IP Address they assigned to the Broadband VPN Router.

Figure 11: Gateway Tab (Win 95/98)

• On the DNS Configuration tab, ensure Enable DNS is selected. If the DNS Server Search Order list is empty, enter the DNS address provided by your ISP in the fields beside the Add button, then click Add.

Figure 12: DNS Tab (Win 95/98)

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows NT4.0

1. Select Control Panel - Network, and, on the Protocols tab, select the TCP/IP protocol, as shown below.

Figure 13: Windows NT4.0 - TCP/IP

2. Click the Properties button to see a screen like the one below.

PC Configuration

Figure 14: Windows NT4.0 - IP Address

3. Select the network card for your LAN.

4. Select the appropriate radio button - Obtain an IP address from a DHCP Server or Specify an IP Address, as explained below.

Obtain an IP address from a DHCP Server

This is the default Windows setting. Using this is recommended. By default, the Broadband VPN Router will act as a DHCP Server.

Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from the Broadband VPN Router.

Specify an IP Address

If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following changes.

1. The Default Gateway must be set to the IP address of the Broadband VPN Router. To set this:

• Click the Advanced button on the screen above.

• On the following screen, click the Add button in the Gateways panel, and enter the

Broadband VPN Router 's IP address, as shown in Figure 15 below.

• If necessary, use the Up button to make the Broadband VPN Router the first entry in

the Gateways list.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Figure 15 - Windows NT4.0 - Add Gateway

2. The DNS should be set to the address provided by your ISP, as follows:

• Click the DNS tab.

• On the DNS screen, shown below, click the Add button (under DNS Service Search

Order), and enter the DNS provided by your ISP.

PC Configuration

Figure 16: Windows NT4.0 - DNS

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows 2000:

1. Select Control Panel - Network and Dial-up Connection.

2. Right - click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties. You should see a screen like the following:

Figure 17: Network Configuration (Win 2000)

3. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.

4. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen like the following.

PC Configuration

Figure 18: TCP/IP Properties (Win 2000)

5. Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct, as described below.

Using DHCP

Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from the Broadband VPN Router.

Using a fixed IP Address ("Use the following IP Address")

If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following changes.

• Enter the Broadband VPN Router 's IP address in the Default gateway field and click OK. (Your LAN administrator can advise you of the IP Address they assigned to the Broadband VPN Router.)

• If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the DNS address or addresses provided by your ISP, then click OK.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows XP

1. Select Control Panel - Network Connection.

2. Right click the Local Area Connection and choose Properties. You should see a screen like the following:

Figure 19: Network Configuration (Windows XP)

3. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.

4. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen like the following.

PC Configuration

Figure 20: TCP/IP Properties (Windows XP)

5. Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct.

Using DHCP

Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from the Broadband VPN Router.

Using a fixed IP Address ("Use the following IP Address")

If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before making the following changes.

• In the Default gateway field, enter the Broadband VPN Router 's IP address and click OK. Your LAN administrator can advise you of the IP Address they assigned to the Broadband VPN Router.

• If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the DNS address or addresses provided by your ISP, then click OK.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Internet Access

To configure your PCs to use the Broadband VPN Router for Internet access:

• Ensure that the DSL modem, Cable modem, or other permanent connection is functional.

• Use the following procedure to configure your Browser to access the Internet via the

LAN, rather than by a Dial-up connection.

For Windows 9x/ME/2000

1. Select Start Menu - Settings - Control Panel - Internet Options.

2. Select the Connection tab, and click the Setup button.

3. Select "I want to set up my Internet connection manually, or I want to connect through a local area network (LAN)" and click Next.

4. Select "I connect through a local area network (LAN)" and click Next.

5. Ensure all of the boxes on the following Local area network Internet Configuration screen are unchecked.

6. Check the "No" option when prompted "Do you want to set up an Internet mail account now?".

7. Click Finish to close the Internet Connection Wizard. Setup is now completed.

For Windows XP

1. Select Start Menu - Control Panel - Network and Internet Connections.

2. Select Set up or change your Internet Connection.

3. Select the Connection tab, and click the Setup button.

4. Cancel the pop-up "Location Information" screen.

5. Click Next on the "New Connection Wizard" screen.

6. Select "Connect to the Internet" and click Next.

7. Select "Set up my connection manually" and click Next.

8. Check "Connect using a broadband connection that is always on" and click Next.

9. Click Finish to close the New Connection Wizard. Setup is now completed.

Accessing AOL

To access AOL (America On Line) through the Broadband VPN Router, the AOL for Windows software must be configured to use TCP/IP network access, rather than a dial-up connection. The configuration process is as follows:

• Start the AOL for Windows communication software. Ensure that it is Version 2.5, 3.0 or later. This procedure will not work with earlier versions.

• Click the Setup button.

• Select Create Location, and change the location name from "New Locality" to

"Broadband VPN Router ".

• Click Edit Location. Select TCP/IP for the Network field. (Leave the Phone Number blank.)

• Click Save, then OK. Configuration is now complete.

• Before clicking "Sign On", always ensure that you are using the "Broadband VPN Router " location.

PC Configuration

Macintosh Clients

From your Macintosh, you can access the Internet via the Broadband VPN Router. The procedure is as follows.

1. Open the TCP/IP Control Panel.

2. Select Ethernet from the Connect via pop-up menu.

3. Select Using DHCP Server from the Configure pop-up menu. The DHCP Client ID field can be left blank.

4. Close the TCP/IP panel, saving your settings.

Note:

If using manually assigned IP addresses instead of DHCP, the required changes are:

• Set the Router Address field to the Broadband VPN Router 's IP Address.

• Ensure your DNS settings are correct.

Linux Clients

To access the Internet via the Broadband VPN Router, it is only necessary to set the Broadband VPN Router as the "Gateway".

Ensure you are logged in as "root" before attempting any changes.

Fixed IP Address

By default, most Unix installations use a fixed IP Address. If you wish to continue using a fixed IP Address, make the following changes to your configuration.

• Set your "Default Gateway" to the IP Address of the Broadband VPN Router.

• Ensure your DNS (Name server) settings are correct.

To act as a DHCP Client (recommended)

The procedure below may vary according to your version of Linux and X -windows shell.

1. Start your X Windows client.

2. Select Control Panel - Network

3. Select the "Interface" entry for your Network card. Normally, this will be called "eth0".

4. Click the Edit button, set the "protocol" to "DHCP", and save th is data.

5. To apply your changes

• Use the "Deactivate" and "Activate" buttons, if available.

• OR, restart your system.

Other Unix Systems

To access the Internet via the Broadband VPN Router:

• Ensure the "Gateway" field for your network card is set to the IP Address of the Broadband VPN Router.

• Ensure your DNS (Name Server) settings are correct.

Chapter 5

Operation and Status

This Chapter details the operation of the Broadband VPN Router and the status screens.

Operation

Once both the Broadband VPN Router and the PCs are configured, operation is automatic.

However, there are some situations where additional Internet configuration may be required:

• If using Internet-based Communication Applications, it may be necessary to specify which PC receives an incoming connection. Refer to Chapter 6 - Internet Features for further details.

• Applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers may be blocked by the Broadband VPN Router 's built-in firewall. You can define such applications as Special Applications to allow them to function normally. Refer to Chapter 6 - Internet Features for further details.

• Some non-standard applications may require use of the DMZ feature. Refer to Chapter 6 - Internet Features for further details.

Status Screen

Use the Status link on the main menu to view this screen.

Figure 21: Status Screen

Data - Status Screen

Internet

Operation and Status

Connection Method

Broadband Modem Internet Connection

Internet IP Address

"Connection Details" Button

LAN

IP Address Network Mask DHCP Server

This indicates the current connection method, as set in the Setup Wizard.

This shows the connection status of the modem. Current connection status:

• Active

• Idle

• Unknown

• Failed

If there is an error, you can click the "Connection Details" button to find out more information.

This IP Address is allocated by the ISP (Internet Service Provider).

Click this button to open a sub-window and view a detailed description of the current connection. Depending on the type of connection, a "log" may also be available.

The IP Address of the Broadband VPN Router. The Network Mask (Subnet Mask) for the IP Address above. This shows the status of the DHCP Server function - either

"Enabled" or "Disabled".

System

Device Name Firmware Version

"System Data" Button

Buttons

Connection Details

System Data Restart Router

Refresh Screen

For additional information about the PCs on your LAN, and the IP addresses allocated to them, use the PC Database option on the Advanced menu.

This displays the current name of the Broadband VPN Router. The current version of the firmware installed in the Broadband

VPN Router. Clicking this button will open a Window which lists all system

details and settings.

View the details of the current Internet connection. The subscreen displayed will depend on the connection method used. See the following sections for details of each sub-screen.

Display all system information in a sub-window. Restart (reboot) the Router. You will have to wait for the restart

to be completed before continuing. Update the data displayed on screen.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Connection Status - PPPoE

If using PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet), a screen like the following example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked.

Data - PPPoE Screen

Connection

Physical Address

IP Address

Network Mask PPPoE Link Status

Connection Log

Figure 22: PPPoE Status Screen

The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on the local LAN.)

The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).

The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above. This indicates whether or not the connection is currently

established.

• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be used to establish a connection.

• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can be used to break the connection.

• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the existing connection.

• The most common messages are listed in the table below.

Buttons

Operation and Status

• The "Clear Log" button will restart the Log, while the Refresh button will update the messages shown on screen.

Connect Disconnect Clear Log

If not connected, establish a connection to your ISP. If connected to your ISP, hang up the connection. Delete all data currently in the Log. This will make it easier to

read new messages.

Refresh

Update the data on screen.

Connection Log Messages

Message Description

Connect on Demand Connection attempt has been triggered by the "Connect

automatically, as required" setting. Manual connection Connection attempt started by the "Connect" button. Reset physical connection Preparing line for connection attempt. Connecting to remote

server Remote Server located ISP's Server has responded to connection attempt. Start PPP Attempting to login to ISP's Server and establish a PPP

Attempting to connect to the ISP's server.

connection. PPP up successfully Able to login to ISP's Server and establish a PPP connection. Idle time-out reached The connection has been idle for the time period specified in

the "Idle Time-out" field. The connection will now be

terminated. Disconnecting The current connection is being terminated, due to either the

"Idle Time-out" above, or "Disconnect" button being clicked. Error: Remote Server not

found Error: PPP Connection

failed

ISP's Server did not respond. This could be a Server problem,

or a problem with the link to the Server.

Unable to establish a PPP connection with the ISP's Server.

This could be a login problem (name or password) or a Server

problem. Error: Connection to

Server lost Error: Invalid or unknown

packet type

The existing connection has been lost. This could be caused

by a power failure, a link failure, or Server failure.

The data received from the ISP's Server could not be

processed. This could be caused by data corruption (from a

bad link), or the Server using a protocol which is not

supported by this device.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Connection Status - PPTP

If using PPTP (Peer-to-Peer Tunneling Protocol), a screen like the following example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked.

Data - PPTP Screen

Connection

Physical Address

IP Address

Connection Status

Connection Log

Figure 23: PPTP Status Screen

The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on the local LAN.)

The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).

This indicates whether or not the connection is currently established.

• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be used to establish a connection.

• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can be used to break the connection.

• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the existing connection.

• The "Clear Log" button will restart the Log, while the Refresh button will update the messages shown on screen.

Buttons

Connect

If not connected, establish a connection to your ISP.

Operation and Status

•

Disconnect Clear Log

Refresh

If connected to your ISP, hang up the connection. Delete all data currently in the Log. This will make it easier to read

new messages. Update the data on screen.

Connection Status - Telstra Big Pond

An example screen is shown below.

Figure 24: Telstra Big Pond Status Screen

Data - Telstra Big Pond Screen

Connection

Physical Address

IP Address

Connection Status

The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on the local LAN.)

The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).

This indicates whether or not the connection is currently established.

• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be used to establish a connection.

• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can be used to break the connection.

ormally, it is not necessary to use the Connect and

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Disconnect buttons unless the setting "Connect automatically, as required" is disabled.

Connection Log

Buttons

• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the existing connection.

• The Clear Log button will restart the Log, while the Refresh button will update the messages shown on screen.

Connect Disconnect Clear Log

Refresh

If not connected, establish a connection to Telstra Big Pond. If connected to Telstra Big Pond, terminate the connection. Delete all data currently in the Log. This will make it easier to read

new messages. Update the data on screen.

Connection Details - SingTel RAS

If using the SingTel RAS access method, a screen like the following example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked.

Figure 25: Connection Details - SingTel RAS

Data - SingTel RAS Screen

Internet

RAS Plan Physical Address

IP Address

The RAS Plan which is currently used. The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on

the Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on the local LAN.)

The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address

is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).

Operation and Status

Network Mask Default Gateway

DNS IP Address DHCP Client

Buttons

Release/Renew Button will display

EITHER "Release" OR "Renew"

The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above. The IP Address of the remote Gateway or Router associated with the

IP Address above. The IP Address of the Domain Name Server which is currently used. This will show "Enabled" or "Disabled", depending on whether or

not this device is functioning as a DHCP client. If "Enabled" the "Remaining lease time" field indicates when the IP

Address allocated by the DHCP Server will expire. The lease is automatically renewed on expiry; use the "Renew" button if you wish to manually renew the lease immediately.

This button is only useful if the IP address shown above is allocated automatically on connection. (Dynamic IP address). If you have a Fixed (Static) IP address, this button has no effect.

• If the ISP's DHCP Server has NOT allocated an IP Address for the Broadband VPN Router, this button will say "Renew". Clicking the "Renew" button will attempt to re-establish the connection and obtain an IP Address from the ISP's DHCP Server.

• If an IP Address has been allocated to the Broadband VPN Router (by the ISP's DHCP Server), this button will say "Release". Clicking the "Release" button will break the connection and release the IP Address.

Refresh

Update the data shown on screen.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address

If your access method is "Direct" (no login), a screen like the following example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked.

Figure 26: Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address

Data - Fixed/Dynamic IP address Screen

Internet

Physical Address

IP Address

Network Mask Default Gateway

DNS IP Address DHCP Client

Buttons

Release/Renew Button will display

EITHER "Release" OR "Renew"

The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on the local LAN.)

The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).

The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above. The IP Address of the remote Gateway or Router associated with the

IP Address above. The IP Address of the Domain Name Server which is currently used. This will show "Enabled" or "Disabled", depending on whether or

not this device is functioning as a DHCP client. If "Enabled" the "Remaining lease time" field indicates when the IP

Address allocated by the DHCP Server will expire. The lease is automatically renewed on expiry; use the "Renew" button if you wish to manually renew the lease immediately.

This button is only useful if the IP address shown above is allocated automatically on connection. (Dynamic IP address). If you have a Fixed (Static) IP address, this button has no effect.

• If the ISP's DHCP Server has NOT allocated an IP Address for the Broadband VPN Router, this button will say "Renew". Clicking the "Renew" button will attempt to re-establish the

Operation and Status

connection and obtain an IP Address from the ISP's DHCP Server.

Refresh

Update the data shown on screen.

Chapter 6

Advanced Features

This Chapter explains when and how to use the Broadband VPN Router's "Advanced" Features.

Overview

The following advanced features are provided.

• Advanced Internet

• Communication Applications

• Special Applications

• Multi-DMZ

• URL filter

• Dynamic DNS

• Virtual Servers

• Access Control

• Firewall Rules

• Scheduling

• Services

Advanced Internet Screen

Advanced Features

Figure 27: Internet Screen

This screen allows configuration of all advanced features relating to Internet access.

• Communication Applications

• Special Applications

• Multi-DMZ

• URL filter

Communication Applications

Most applications are supported transparently by the Broadband VPN Router. But sometimes it is not clear which PC should receive an incoming connection. This problem could arise with the Communication Applications listed on this screen.

If this problem arises, you can use this screen to set which PC should receive an incoming connection, as described below.

Communication Applications

Select an Application

This lists applications which may generate incoming connections, where the destination PC (on your local LAN) is unknown.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Send incoming calls to

This lists the PCs on your LAN.

• If necessary, you can add PCs manually, using the "PC Database" option on the advanced menu.

• For each application listed above, you can choose a destination PC.

• There is no need to "Save" after each change; you can set the destination PC for each application, then click "Save".

Special Applications

If you use Internet applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers, you may find that they do not function correctly because they are blocked by the Broadband VPN Router 's firewall. In this case, you can define the application as a "Special Application".

Special Applications Screen

This screen can be reached by clicking the Special Applications button on the Advanced Internet screen.

You can then define your Special Applications. You will need detailed information about the application; this is normally available from the supplier of the application.

Also, note that the terms "Incoming" and "Outgoing" on this screen refer to traffic from the client (PC) viewpoint

Figure 28: Special Applications Screen

Data - Special Applications Screen

Checkbox Name

Use this to Enable or Disable this Special Application as required. Enter a descriptive name to identify this Special Application.

Advanced Features

Incoming Ports

Outgoing Ports

• Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you receive data

from the special application or service. (Note: Some applications use different protocols for outgoing and incoming data).

• Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the

application server, for data you receive. If the application uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.

• Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the

application server, for data you receive.

• Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you send data to

the remote system or service.

• Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the

application server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.

• Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the

application server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.

Using a Special Application

• Configure the Special Applications screen as required.

• On your PC, use the application normally. Remember that only one (1) PC can use each

Special application at any time. Also, when 1 PC is finished using a particular Special Application, there may need to be a "Time-out" before another PC can use the same Special Application. The "Time-out" period may be up to 3 minutes.

If an application still cannot function correctly, try using the "DMZ" feature.

Multi-DMZ

This feature is only available if your ISP has allocated you multiple Internet IP addresses. If you have multiple Internet IP addresses, you can assign one DMZ PC for each Internet IP

address.

• The "DMZ PC" will receive all "Unknown" connections and data received for the Internet IP address associated with it.

• All outgoing traffic from the DMZ PC will be assigned the WAN IP address associated with it, rather than the shared IP address on the WAN port. Note that ONLY th e DMZ PC will use the WAN (Internet) IP address you enter on this screen.

To use this feature:

• Enter an IP address allocated to you by your ISP into th e WAN IP address field.

• Select the PC to be the DMZ PC for traffic sent to this IP address.

• Enable this DMZ.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

The "DMZ PC" is effectively outside the Firewall, making it more vulnerable to attacks. For this reason, you should only enable the DMZ feature when required.

URL Filter

The URL Filter allows you to block access to undesirable Web site

• To use this feature, you must define "filter strings". If the "filter string" appears in a requested URL, the request is blocked.

• Enabling the URL Filter also affects the Internet Access Log. If Enabled, the "Destination" field in the log will display the URL. Otherwise, it will display the IP Address.

• The URL Filter can be Enabled or Disabled on the Advanced Internet screen.

URL Filter Screen

Click the "Configure URL Filter" button on the Advanced Internet screen to access the URL Filter screen. An example screen is shown below.

Data - URL Filter Screen

Filter Strings

Current Entries

Add Filter String

This lists any existing entries. If you have not entered any values, this list will be empty.

To add an entry to the list, enter it here, and click the "Add" button. An entry may be a Domain name (e.g. www.trash.com) or simply a string. (e.g. ads/ ) Any URL which contains ANY entry ANYWHERE in the URL will be blocked.

Figure 29: URL Filter Screen

Buttons

Advanced Features

Delete/Delete All

Add

Use these buttons to delete the selected entry or all entries, as required. Multiple entries can be selected by holding down the CTRL key while selecting. (On the Macintosh, hold the SHIFT key while selecting.)

Use this to add the current Filter String to the site list.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Dynamic DNS (Domain Name Server)

This free service is very useful when combined with the Virtual Server feature. It allows Internet users to connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.

This also solves the problem of having a dynamic IP address. With a dynamic IP address, your IP address may change whenever you connect, which makes it difficult to connect to you.

The Service works as follows:

1. You must register for the service at http://www.dyndns.org (Registration is free). Your password will be E-mailed to you.

2. After registration, use the "Create New Host" option (at www.dyndns.org) to request your desired Domain name.

3. Enter your data from www.dyndns.org in the Broadband VPN Router 's DDNS screen.

4. The Broadband VPN Router will then automatically ensure that your current IP Address is recorded at http://www.dyndns.org

5. From the Internet, users will be able to connect to your Virtual Servers (or DMZ PC) using your Domain name, as shown on this screen.

Dynamic DNS Screen

Select Internet on the main menu, then Dynamic DNS, to see a screen like the following:

Figure 30: DDNS Screen

Data - Dynamic DNS Screen

DDNS Service

• You must sign up first to create a new account before using the service. The service is free.

• Your initial password will be E-mailed to you; you can change this later if you wish.

DDNS Data

Advanced Features

• After registration, use the "Create New Host" link to request a domain name.

DDNS Service Web Site

Button User Name

Password Domain Name

DDNS Status

Select the desired DDNS Service provider. Click this button to open a new window and connect to the Web site

for the selected DDNS service provider. Enter the "User name" specified at the www.dyndns.org Web site

when you registered. Enter your current password for www.dyndns.org

• Enter your domain name, as allocated at www.dyndns.org.

• The name should consist only of letters and the hyphen (dash).

Using any other characters may cause problems..

This message is returned by the DDNS Server at www.dyndns.org

• Normally, this message should be "Update successful" (current IP address was updated on the www.dyndns.org server).

• If the message is "No host", this indicates the host name entered was not allocated to you. You need to connect to www.dyndns.org and correct this problem.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Virtual Servers

This feature allows you to make Servers on your LAN accessible to Internet users. Normally, Internet users would not be able to access a server on your LAN because:

• Your Server does not have a valid external IP Address.

• Attempts to connect to devices on your LAN are blocked by the firewall in this device.

The "Virtual Server" feature solves these problems and allows Internet users to connect to your servers, as illustrated below.

Figure 31: Virtual Servers

IP Address seen by Internet Users

Note that, in this illustration, both Internet users are connecting to the same IP Address, but using different protocols.

To Internet users, all virtual Servers on your LAN have the same IP Address. This IP Address is allocated by your ISP.

This address should be static, rather than dynamic, to make it easier for Internet users to connect to your Servers.

However, you can use the DDNS (Dynamic DNS) feature to allow users to connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, instead of an IP Address.

Advanced Features

Using the DMZ port for Virtual Servers

You should connect your Virtual Servers to the DMZ port, for the following reasons:

• Traffic passing between the DMZ and LAN passes through the firewall. The firewall will protect your LAN if your Server is compromised and used to launch an attack on your LAN.

• For each enabled Virtual Server, a firewall rule to allow incoming traffic from the Internet (WAN) to the DMZ is automatically created. If the Server is connected to the LAN (hub) ports, you must add the firewall rule manually.

Note that the DMZ port is a normal port, not an "uplink" port. If connecting to a hub, connect to the standard port on the hub.

Virtual Servers Screen

The Virtual Servers screen is reached by the Virtual Servers link on the Internet menu. An example screen is shown below.

Figure 32: Virtual Servers Screen

This screen lists a number of pre-defined Servers,. providing a quick and convenient method to set up the common server types.

Data - Virtual Servers Screen

Servers

This lists a number of pre-defined Servers, plus any Servers you have defined. Details of the selected Server are shown in the "Properties" area.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Properties

Enable

PC (Server)

Protocol Internal Ports

External Ports

Buttons

Disable All

Update Selected Server

Use this to Enable or Disable support for this Server, as required.

• If Enabled, any incoming connections will be forwarded to the selected PC.

• If Disabled, any incoming connection attempts will be blocked.

Select the PC for this Server. The PC must be running the appropriate Server software.

Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used by the Server. Enter the range of port numbers which the Server software is

configured to use. If only 1 port number is required, enter it in both the start and finish fields.

The port numbers used by Internet users when connecting to the Server. These are normally the same as the Internal Port Numbers. If it is different, this device will perform a "mapping" or "translation" function, allowing the server to use one port address, while clients use a different port address.

This will cause the "Enable" setting of all Virtual Servers to be set OFF.

Update the current Virtual Server entry, using the data shown in the "Properties" area on screen.

Add as new Server

Delete

Clear Form

Add a new entry to the Virtual Server list, using the data shown in the "Properties" area on screen. The entry selected in the list is ignored, and has no effect.

Delete the current Virtual Server entry. Note that the pre-defined Servers can not be deleted. Only Servers you have defined yourself can be deleted.

Clear all data from the "Properties" area, ready for input of a new Virtual Server entry.

Defining your own Virtual Servers

If the type of Server you wish to use is not listed on the Virtual Servers screen, you can use the Firewall Rules to allow particular incoming traffic and forward it to a specified PC (Server).

Connecting to the Virtual Servers

Once configured, anyone on the Internet can connect to your Virtual Servers. They must use the Internet IP Address (the IP Address allocated to you by your ISP). e.g.

http://203.70.212.52 ftp://203.70.212.52

It is more convenient if you are using a Fixed IP Address from your ISP, rather than Dynamic. However, you can use the Dynamic DNS feature, described in the following section, to allow users to connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.

Advanced Features

Access Control

This feature is accessed by the Access Control link on the Security menu. The Access Control feature allows administrators to restrict the level of Internet Access

available to PCs on your LAN. With the default settings, everyone has unrestricted Internet access.

To use this feature:

1. Set the desired restrictions on the "Default" group. All PCs are in the "Default" group unless explicitly moved to another group.

2. Set the desired restrictions on the other groups ("Group 1", "Group 2", "Group 3" and "Group 4") as needed.

3. Assign PC to the groups as required.

Restrictions are imposed by blocking "Services", or types of connections. All common Services are pre-defined. If required, you can also define your own Services.

Access Control Screen

To view this screen, select the Access Control link on the Security menu.

Figure 33: Access Control Screen

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Data - Access Control Screen

Group

"Members" Button

Internet Access

Restrictions

Select the desired Group. The screen will update to display the settings for the selected Group. Groups are named "Default", "Group 1", "Group 2", "Group 3" and "Group 4", and cannot be renamed.

Click this button to add or remove members from the current Group.

• If the current group is "Default", then members can not be added or deleted. This group contains PCs not allocated to any other group.

• To remove PCs from the Default Group, assign them to another Group.

• To assign PCs to the Default Group, delete them from the Group they are currently in.

See the following section for details of the Group Members screen.

Select the desired options for the current group:

• None - Nothing is blocked. Use this to create the least restrictive group.

• Block all Internet access - All traffic via the WAN port is blocked. Use this to create the most restrictive group.

• Block selected Services - You can select which Services are to block. Use this to gain fine control over the Internet access for a group.

Block by Schedule

Services

Buttons

Members

Save Cancel View Log

If Internet access is being blocked, you can choose to apply the blocking only during scheduled times. (If access is not blocked, no Scheduling is possible, and this setting has no effect.)

This lists all defined Services. Select the Services you wish to block. To select multiple services, hold the CTRL key while selecting. (On the Macintosh, hold the SHIFT key rather than CTRL.)

Click this button to add or remove members from the current Group.

If the current group is "Default", then members can not be added or deleted. This group contains PCs not allocated to any other group.

See the following section for details of the Group Members screen. Save the data on screen. Reverse any changes made since the last "Save". Click this to open a sub-window where you can view the "Access

Control" log. This log shows attempted Internet accesses which have been blocked by the Access Control feature.

Advanced Features

Clear Log

Click this to clear and restart the "Access Control" log, making new entries easier to read.

Group Members Screen

This screen is displayed when the Members button on the Access Control screen is clicked.

Figure 34: Group Members

Use this screen to add or remove members (PCs) from the current group.

• The "Del >>" button will remove the selected PC (in the Members list) from the current group.

• The "<< Add" button will add the selected PC (in the Other PCs list) to the current group.

PCs not assigned to any group will be in the "Default" group. PCs deleted from any other Group will be added to the "Default" group.

Access Control Log

To check the operation of the Access Control feature, an Access Control Log is provided. Click the View Log button on the Access Control screen to view this log.

This log shows attempted Internet accesses which have been blocked by the Access Control function.

Data shown in this log is as follows:

Date/Time Name

Source IP address

MAC address

Date and Time of the attempted access. If known, the name of the PC whose access was blocked. This

name is taken from the Network Clients database The IP Address of the PC or device whose access request was

blocked The hardware or physical address of the PC or device whose access

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

request was blocked

Destination

The destination URL or IP address

Advanced Features

Firewall Rules

For normal operation and LAN protection, it is not necessary to use this screen. The Firewall will always block DoS (Denial of Service) attacks. A DoS attack does not attempt

to steal data or damage your PCs, but overloads your Internet connection so you can not use it

- the service is unavailable.

As well, you can use this screen to create Firewall rules to block or allow specific traffic. But Incorrect configuration may cause serious problems.

This feature is for advanced administrators only!

Firewall Rules Screen

Click the Firewall Rules option on the Security menu to see a screen like the following example. This example contains two (2) rules for outgoing traffic.

Since the default rule for outgoing (LAN => WAN) traffic is "Allow", having an "Allow" rule for LAN => WAN only makes sense in combination with another rule.

For example, the screen below shows a rule blocking all traffic to a MSN Game Server, followed by another rule allowing access by a specific PC.

Figure 35: Firewall Rules Screen

Data - Firewall Rules Screen

Rule List

View Rules for ..

Select the desired option; the screen will update and list any current rules. If you have not defined any rules, the list will be empty.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Data

Add

Edit Move

Delete

For each rule, the following data is shown:

• Name - The name you assigned to the rule.

• Source - The traffic covered by this rule, defined by the source IP

address. If the IP address is followed by ... this indicates there is range of IP addresses, rather than a single address.

• Destination - The traffic covered by this rule, defined by

destination IP address. If the IP address is followed by ... this indicates there is range of IP addresses, rather than a single address.

• Action - Action will be "Forward" or "Block" To add a new rule, click the "Add" button, and complete the resulting

screen. See the following section for more details. To Edit or modify an existing rule, select it and click the "Edit" button.

There are 2 ways to change the order of rules

• Use the up and down indicators on the right to move the selected rule. You must confirm your changes by clicking "OK". If you change your mind before clicking "OK", click "Cancel" to reverse your changes.

• Click "Move" to directly specify a new location for the selected rule.

To delete an existing rule, select it and click the "Delete" button.

View Log

System Rules

Clicking the "View Log" button will open a new window and display the Firewall log.

Clicking the "System Rules" button will open a new window and display the default firewall rules currently applied by the system. These rules cannot be edited, but any rules you create will take precedence over the default rules.

Advanced Features

Add/Edit Firewall Rule

Clicking the "Add" button in the Firewall Rules screen will display a screen like the example below.

Figure 36: Add/Edit Firewall Rule

Data - Add/Edit Firewall Rule Screen

Name Type

Source IP

Enter a suitable name for this rule. This determines the source and destination ports for traffic

covered by this rule. Select the desired option. These settings determine which traffic, based on their source IP

address, is covered by this rule. Select the desired option:

• Any - All traffic from the source port is covered by this rule.

• Single address - Enter the required IP address in the "Start IP

address" field". You can ignore the "Subnet Mask" field.

• Range address - If this option is selected, you must complete both the "Start IP address" and "Finish IP address" fields. You can ignore the "Subnet Mask" field.

• Subnet address - If this option is selected, enter the required mask in the "Subnet Mask" field.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Dest IP

Services

Action Log

These settings determine which traffic, based on their destination IP address, is covered by this rule.

Select the desired option:

• Any - All traffic from the source port is covered by this rule.

• Single address - Enter the required IP address in the "Start IP

address" field". You can ignore the "Subnet Mask" field.

• Range address - If this option is selected, you must complete both the "Start IP address" and "Finish IP address" fields. You can ignore the "Subnet Mask" field.

• Subnet address - If this option is selected, enter the required mask in the "Subnet Mask" field.

Select the desired Service or Services. This determines which packets are covered by this rule, based on the protocol (TPC or UDP) and port number. If necessary, you can define a new Service on the "Services" screen, by defining the protocols and port numbers used by the Service.

Select the desired action for packets covered by this rule: This determines whether packets covered by this rule are logged.

Select the desired option.

Advanced Features

Scheduling

• This schedule can be (optionally) applied to any Access Control Group.

• Blocking will be performed during the scheduled time (between the "Start" and "Finish"

times.)

• Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined.

• Times must be entered using a 24 hr clock.

• If the time for a particular day is blank, no action will be performed.

Define Schedule Screen

This screen is accessed by the Scheduling link on the Security menu.

Figure 37: Define Schedule Screen

Data - Define Schedule Screen

Day Session 1

Session 2 Start Time Finish Time

Each day of the week can scheduled independently. Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined. Session 2 can be

left blank if not required. Enter the start using a 24 hr clock. Enter the finish time using a 24 hr clock.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Services

Services are used in defining traffic to be blocked or allowed by the Access Control or Firewall Rules features. Many common Services are pre-defined, but you can also define your

own services if required. To view the Services screen, select the Services link on the Security menu.

Data - Services Screen

Available Services

Available Services "Delete" button

Add New Service

Name Type

Start Port

Finish Port

ICMP Type

This lists all the available services. Use this to delete any Service you have added. Pre-defined Services

can not be deleted.

Enter a descriptive name to identify this service. Select the protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP) used to the remote system or

service. For TCP and UDP Services, enter the beginning of the range of port

numbers used by the service. If the service uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.

For TCP and UDP Services, enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the service. If the service uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.

For ICMP Services, enter the type number of the required service.

Figure 38: Services Screen

Buttons

Advanced Features

Delete Add

Cancel

Delete the selected service from the list. Add a new entry to the Service list, using the data shown in th e "Add

New Service" area on screen. Clear the " Add New Service " area, ready for entering data for a new

Service.

Chapter 7

VPN

This Chapter describes the VPN capabilities and configuration required for common situations.

Overview

This section describes the VPN (Virtual Private Network) support provided by your Broadband VPN Router.

A VPN (Virtual Private Network) provides a secure connection between 2 points, over an insecure network - typically the Internet. This secure connection is called a VPN Tunnel.

There are many standards and protocols for VPNs. The standard implemented in the Broadband VPN Router is IPSec.

IPSec

IPSec is a near-ubiquitous VPN security standard, designed for use with TCP/IP networks. It works at the packet level, and authenticates and encrypts all packets traveling over the VPN Tunnel. Thus, it does not matter what applications are used on your PC. Any application can use the VPN like any other network connection.

IPsec VPNs exchange information through logical connections called SAs (Security Associations). An SA is simply a definition of the protocols, algorithms and keys used between the two VPN devices (endpoints).

Each IPsec VPN has two SAs - one in each direction. If IKE (Internet Key Exchange) is used to generate and exchange keys, there are also SA's for the IKE connection as well as the IPsec connection.

There are two security modes possible with IPSec:

• Transport Mode - the payload (data) part of the packet is encapsulated through

encryption but the IP header remains in the clear (unchanged).

The Broadband VPN Router does NOT support Transport Mode.

• Tunnel Mode - everything is encapsulated, including the original IP header, and a new IP

header is generated. Only the new header in the clear (i.e. not protected) This system provides enhanced security.

The Broadband VPN Router always uses Tunnel Mode.

IKE

IKE (Internet Key Exchange) is an optional, but widely used, component of IPsec. IKE provides a method of negotiating and generating the keys and IDs required by IPSec. If using IKE, only a single key is required to be provided during configuration. Also, IKE supports using Certificates (provided by CAs - Certification Authorities) to authenticate the identify of the remote user or gateway.

If IKE is NOT used, then all keys and IDs (SPIs) must be entered manually, and Certificates can NOT be used. This is called a "Manual Key Exchange".

When using IKE, there are 2 phases to establishing the VPN tunnel:

VPN

• Phase I is the negotiation and establishment up of the IKE connection.

• Phase II is the negotiation and establishment up of the IPsec connection.

Because the IKE and IPsec connections are separate, they have different SAs (security associations).

Policies

VPN configuration settings are stored in Policies. Each policy defines:

• The address of the remote VPN endpoint

• The traffic which is allowed to use the VPN connection.

• The parameters (settings) for the IPsec SA (Security Association)

• If IKE is used, the parameters (settings) for the IKE SA (Security Association)

Generally, you will need at least one (1) VPN Policy for each remote site for which you wish to establish VPN connections.

It is possible, and sometimes necessary, to have multiple Policies for the same remote site. In this case, the order (sequence) of the policies is important. The policies are examined in turn, and the first matching policy will be used.

VPN Configuration

The general rule is that each endpoint must have matching Policies, as follows:

Remote VPN address

Traffic Selector

IKE parameters

IPsec parameters

Each VPN endpoint must be configured to initiate or accept connections to the remote VPN client or Gateway.

Usually, this requires having a fixed Internet IP address. However, it is possible for a VPN Gateway to accept incoming connections from a remote client where the client's IP address is not known in advance.

This determines which outgoing traffic will cause a VPN connection to be established, and which incoming traffic will be accepted. Each endpoint must be configured to pass and accept the desired traffic from the remote endpoint.

If connecting 2 LANs, this requires that:

• Each endpoint must be aware of the IP addresses used on the other endpoint.

• The 2 LANs MUST use different IP address ranges.

If using IKE (recommended), the IKE parameters must match (except for the SA lifetime, which can be different).

The IPsec parameters at each endpoint must match.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Common VPN Situations

VPN Pass-through

Figure 39: VPN Pass-through

Here, a PC on the LAN behind the Router/Gateway is using VPN software, but the Router/Gateway is NOT acting as a VPN endpoint. It is only allowing the VPN connection.

• The PC software can use any VPN protocol supported by the remote VPN.

• The remote VPN Server must support client PCs which are behind a NAT router, and so

have an IP address which is not valid on the Internet.

• The Router/Gateway requires no VPN configuration, since it is not acting as a VPN endpoint.

Client PC to VPN Gateway

Figure 40: Client PC to VPN Server

In this situation, the PC must run appropriate VPN client software in order to connect, via the Internet, to the Broadband VPN Router. Once connected, the client PC has the same access to LAN resources as PCs on the local LAN (unless restricted by the network administrator).

• IPsec is not the only protocol which can be used in this situation, but the Broadband VPN Router supports IPsec ONLY.

• Windows 2000 and Windows XP include a suitable IPsec VPN client program. Configuration of this client program for use with the Broadband VPN Router is covered later in this document.

VPN

Connecting 2 LANs via VPN

Figure 41: Connecting 2 VPN Gateways

This allows two (2) LANs to be connected. PCs on each endpoint gain secure access to the remote LAN.

• The 2 LANs MUST use different IP address ranges.

• The VPN Policies at each end determine when a VPN tunnel will be established, and what

systems on the remote LAN can be accessed once the VPN connection is established.

• It is possible to have simultaneous VPN connections to many remote sites.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

VPN Configuration

This section covers the configuration required on the Broadband VPN Router when using Manual Key Exchange (Manual Policies) or IKE (Automatic Policies).

Details of using Certificates are covered in a later section.

VPN Policies Screen

To view this screen, select VPN Policies from the VPN menu. This screen lists all existing VPN policies. If no policies exist, the list will be empty.

Figure 42: VPN Policies

Note that the order of policies is important if you have more than one policy for particular traffic. In that case, the first matching policy (for the traffic under consideration) will be used.

Data - VPN Policies Screen

VPN List

Policy Name

Enable

Remote VPN Endpoint

Key Type

Operations

Edit

The name of the policy. When creating a policy, you should select a suitable name.

This indicates whether or not the policy is currently enabled. Use the "Enable/Disable" button to toggle the state of the selected policy.

The IP address of the remote VPN endpoint (Gateway or client).

This will indicate "Manual" (manual key exchange) or "IKE" (Internet Key Exchange)

To Edit or modify an existing policy, select it and click the "Edit" button.

VPN

Move

There are 2 ways to change the order of policies:

• Use the up and down indicators on the right to move the selected row. You must confirm your changes by clicking "OK". If you change your mind before clicking "OK", click "Cancel" to reverse your changes.

• Click "Move" to directly specify a new location for the selected policy.

Enable/Disable Copy

Use this to toggle the On/Off state of the selected policy. If you wish to create a policy which is similar to an existing policy,

select the policy and click the "Copy" button. Remember that the new policy must have a different name, and there can

only be one active (enabled) policy for each remote VPN endpoint.

Delete Add New

Policy View Log

To delete an exiting policy, select it and click the "Delete" button. To add a new policy, click the "Add New Policy" button. See the

following section for details. Clicking the "View Log" button will open a new window and display the

VPN log.

Adding a New Policy

1. To create a new VPN Policy, click the "Add New Policy" button on the VPN Policies

screen. This will start the VPN Wizard, as shown below.

Figure 43: VPN Wizard - Start

• If you prefer to use a single setup screen instead of a Wizard, click the Setup Screen button. This is recommended for experienced users only.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

• Otherwise, click Next to continue. You will see a screen like the following.

Figure 44: VPN Wizard - General

General Settings

Policy Name

Enter a suitable name. This name is not supplied to the remote VPN. It is used only to help you manage the policies.

Enable Policy

Enable or disable the policy as required. For each remote VPN, only 1 policy can be enabled at any time.

Remote Endpoint Address

The Internet IP address of the remote VPN endpoint (Gateway or client).

• Dynamic. Select this if the Internet IP address is unknown. In this

case, only incoming connections are possible.

• Fixed. Select this if the remote endpoint has a fixed Internet IP

address.

• Domain Name. Select this if the remote endpoint has a domain

name.

Keys

Select Manually assigned or IKE (Internet Key Exchange) as required. If you are setting up both endpoints, using IKE is recommended.

2. Click Next to continue. You will see a screen like the following:

Figure 45: VPN Wizard - Traffic Selector

VPN

• For outgoing VPN connections, these settings determine which traffic will cause a VPN tunnel to be created, and which traffic will be sent through the tunnel.

• For incoming VPN connections, these settings determine which systems on your local LAN will be available to the remote endpoint.

• The 2 VPN endpoints MUST use different address ranges. If the addresses were in the same range, traffic intended for the remote VPN would be considered local LAN traffic. So it would not be forwarded to the Gateway.

Local IP addresses

Type

• Any - no additional data is required. Any IP address is

acceptable.

• For outgoing connections, this allows any PC on the LAN to use the VPN tunnel.

• For incoming connections, this allows an PC using the remote endpoint to access any PC on your LAN.

• Single address - enter an IP address in the "Start IP address"

field.

• Range address - enter the starting IP address in the "Start IP

address" field, and the finish IP address in the "Finish IP address" field.

• Subnet address - enter the desired IP address in the "Start IP

address" field, and the network mask in the "Subnet Mask" field.

The remote VPN must have these IP addresses entered as it's "Remote" addresses.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Remote IP addresses

Type

• Single address - enter an IP address in the "Start IP address"

field.

• Range address - enter the starting IP address in the "Start IP

address" field, and the finish IP address in the "Finish IP address" field.

• Subnet address - enter the desired IP address in the "Start IP

address" field, and the network mask in the "Subnet Mask" field.

The remote VPN should have these IP addresses entered as it's "Local" addresses.

3. Click Next to continue. The screen you will see depends on whether you previously selected "Manual Key Exchange" or "IKE".

Manual Key Exchange

Figure 46: VPN Wizard - Manual Key Exchange

These settings must match the remote VPN. Note that you cannot use both AH and ESP.

Manually assigned Keys

VPN

AH Authentication

ESP Encryption

AH (Authentication Header) specifies the authentication protocol for the VPN header, if used. (AH is often NOT used)

If AH is not enabled, the following settings can be ignored.

Keys

• The "in" key here must match the "out" key on the remote VPN, and the "out" key here must match the "in" key on the remote VPN.

• Keys can be in ASCII or Hex (0..9 A..F)

• For MD5, the keys should be 32 hex/16 ASCII characters.

• For SHA-1, the keys should be 40 hex/20 ASCII characters.

SPI

• Each SPI (Security Parameter Index) must be unique.

• The "in" SPI here must match the "out" SPI on the remote

VPN, and the "out" SPI here must match the "in" SPI on the remote VPN.

• Each SPI should be at least 3 characters.

ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) provides security for the payload (data) sent through the VPN tunnel. Generally, you will want to enable both Encryption and Authentication.

• The "3DES" algorithm provides greater security than "DES", but is slower.

• Select the key size from the drop-down list if “AES” is selected.

• The "in" key here must match the "out" key on the remote VPN, and the "out" key here must match the "in" key on the remote VPN.

ESP Authentication

Generally, you should enable ESP Authentication. There is little difference between the available algorithms. Just ensure each endpoint use the same setting.

• The "in" key here must match the "out" key on the remote VPN, and the "out" key here must match the "in" key on the remote VPN.

• Keys can be in ASCII or Hex (0..9 A..F)

• For MD5, the keys should be 32 hex/16 ASCII characters.

• For SHA-1, the keys should be 40 hex/20 ASCII characters.

ESP SPI This is required if either ESP Encryption or ESP

Authentication is enabled.

• Each SPI (Security Parameter Index) must be unique.

• The "in" SPI here must match the "out" SPI on the remote

VPN, and the "out" SPI here must match the "in" SPI on the remote VPN.

• Each SPI should be at least 3 characters.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

For Manual Key Exchange, configuration is now complete.

• Click "Next" to view the final screen.

• On the final screen, click "Finish" to save your settings, then "Close" to exit the Wizard.

IKE Phase 1

If you selected IKE, the following screen is displayed after the Traffic Selector screen.

IKE Phase 1 (IKE SA)

Local Identity

This setting must match the "Remote Identity" on the remote VPN. IP address is the more common method.

Remote Identity

This setting must match the "Local Identity" on the remote VPN. IP address is the more common method.

Authentication

Encryption

• RSA Signature requires that both VPN endpoints have valid

• For Pre-shared key, enter the same key value in both endpoints.

Select the desired method, and ensure the remote VPN endpoint uses the same method. The "3DES" algorithm provides greater security than "DES", but is slower.

Figure 47: VPN Wizard - IKE Phase 1

Certificates issued by a CA (Certification Authority).

The key should be at least 8 characters (maximum is 128 characters). Note that this key is used for the IKE SA only. The keys used for the IPsec SA are automatically generated.

VPN

IKE Exchange Mode

Direction

IKE SA Life Time

DH Group

IKE PFS

Select the desired option, and ensure the remote VPN endpoint uses the same mode. Main Mode provides identity protection for the hosts initiating the IPSec session, but takes slightly longer to complete. Aggressive Mode provides no identity protection, but is quicker.

Select the desired option:

• Initiator - Only outgoing connections will be created. Incoming

connection attempts will be rejected.

• Responder - Only incoming connections will be accepted.

Outgoing traffic which would otherwise result in a connection will be ignored.

• Both Directions - Both incoming and outgoing connections are

allowed.

This setting does not have to match the remote VPN endpoint; the shorter time will be used. Although measured in seconds, it is common to use time periods of several hours, such 28,800 seconds.

Select the desired method, and ensure the remote VPN endpoint uses the same method. The smaller bit size is slightly faster.

If enabled, PFS (Perfect Forward Security) enhances security by changing the IPsec key at regular intervals, and ensuring that each key has no relationship to the previous key. Thus, breaking 1 key will not assist in breaking the next key.

This setting should match the remote endpoint.

IKE Keep Alive

Enable this if you want to use this feature. Enter the value in the "Ping IP Address" fields.

Click Next to see the following IKE Phase 2 screen.

Figure 48: VPN Wizard - IKE Phase 2

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

IKE Phase 2 (IPsec SA)

IPsec SA Life Time

IPSec PFS

AH Authentication

ESP Encryption

ESP Authentication

This setting does not have to match the remote VPN endpoint; the shorter time will be used. Although measured in seconds, it is common to use time periods of several hours, such 28,800 seconds.

AH (Authentication Header) specifies the authentication protocol for the VPN header, if used.

AH is often NOT used. If you do enable it, ensure the algorithm selected matches the other VPN endpoint.

ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) provides security for the payload (data) sent through the VPN tunnel. Generally, you will want to enable both ESP Encryption and ESP Authentication.

Select the desired method, and ensure the remote VPN endpoint uses the same method. The "3DES" algorithm provides greater security than "DES", but is slower.

Generally, you should enable ESP Authentication. There is little difference between the available algorithms. Just ensure each endpoint use the same setting.

For IKE, configuration is now complete.

• Click "Next" to view the final screen.

• On the final screen, click "Finish" to save your settings, then "Close" to exit the Wizard.

VPN

Examples

This section describes some examples of using the Broadband VPN Router in common VPN situations.

Example 1: Connecting 2 Broadband VPN Routers

In this example, 2 LANs are connected via VPN.

Figure 49: Connecting 2 Broadband VPN Routers

Note

• The LANs MUST use different IP address ranges.

• Both endpoints have fixed WAN (Internet) IP addresses.

Configuration Settings

Setting LAN A

Gateway

Name Policy 1 Policy 1 Name does not affect

Remote Endpoint 205.17.11.43 202.11.13.211 Other endpoint's WAN

Local IP addresses

Remote IP addresses

Key Exchange IKE IKE Must match

IKE SA Parameters

IKE Direction Both ways Both ways Does not have to match.

Local Identity IP address IP address IP address is the most

Any Any Use a more restrictive

192.168.1.1 to

192.168.1.254

LAN B Gateway

192.168.0.1 to

192.168.0.254

Notes

operation. Select a meaningful name.

(Internet) IP address.

definition if possible. Address range on other

endpoint. Use a more restrictive definition if possible.

Either endpoint can block 1 direction.

common ID method

Remote Identity IP address IP address IP address is the most

common ID method

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

IKE Authentication method

Pre-shared Key Pre-shared Key Certificates are not widely

used. Pre-shared Key Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Must match IKE Authentication

MD5 MD5 Must match

algorithm IKE Encryption DES DES Must match IKE Exchange

Main Mode Main Mode Must match

mode DH Group Group 1 (768 bit) Group 1 (768 bit) Must match IKE SA Life time 28800 28800 Does not have to match.

Shorter period will be

used. IKE PFS Disable Disable Must match

IPSec SA Parameters

IPSec SA Life time 28800 28800 Does not have to match.

Shorter period will be

used. IPSec PFS Disabled Disabled Must match AH authentication Disabled Disabled AH is rarely used ESP authentication Enable/MD5 Enable/MD5 Must match ESP encryption Enable/DES Enable/DES Must match

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Example 2: Windows 2000/XP Client to LAN

In this example, a Windows 2000/XP client connects to the Broadband VPN Router and gains access to the local LAN.

Figure 50: Windows 2000/XP Client to Broadband VPN Router

To use 3DES encryption on Windows 2000, you need Service Pack 3 or later installed.

Broadband VPN Router Configuration

Setting Value Notes

Name Win Client Name does not affect operation. Select a

meaningful name. Remote Endpoint 172.16.9.10 Other endpoint's WAN (Internet) IP address. Local

IP addresses

Remote IP addresses

Key Exchange IKE Must match client PC

IKE SA Parameters

IKE Direction Responder Only want to accept client connections. Local Identity IP address Required. Remote Identity IP address Required IKE Authentication

method Pre-shared Key Xxxxxxxxxx Must match client PC

Subnet address:

192.168.0.0

255.255.255.0

172.16.9.10 For a single client, this is the same as the

Pre-shared Key Certificates are not widely used.

Allows access to entire LAN. Use a more

restrictive definition if possible.

endpoint.

IKE Authentication algorithm

IKE Encryption 3DES Must match client PC IKE Exchange

mode

SHA-1 Must match client PC

Aggressive Mode Must match client PC

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

DH Group Group 1 (768 bit) Must match client PC IKE SA Life time 28800 Does not have to match client PC. Shorter

period will be used. IKE PFS Disable Must match client PC

IPSec SA Parameters

IPSec SA Life time 28800 Do not have to match. Shorter period will be

used. IPSec PFS Disable Must match client PC AH authentication Disabled AH is rarely used ESP authentication Enable/MD5 Must match client PC ESP encryption Enab le/DES Must match client PC

Windows Client Configuration

1. Select Start - Programs - Administrative Tools - Local Security Policy.

2. Right click IP Security Policy on Local Machine and select Create IP Security Policy

Figure 51: Windows 2000/XP - Local Security Settings

3. Click "Next", then enter a policy name, for example "DUT To Win2K", then click "Next".

4. Step through the Wizard:

• Deselect Activate the default response rule. Click "Next",

• Leave Edit Properties checked. Click "Finish".

5. The following "Properties - Rules" screen will be displayed.

Figure 52: Windows 2000/XP - Policy Properties

• Note that no rules are in use. Two 2 rules are required - incoming and outgoing.

• The outgoing rule will be added first.

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6. Deselect the "Use Add Wizard" checkbox, then click "Add" to view the screen below.

Figure 53: IP Filter List

7. Type "To DUT" for the name, then click "Add" to see a screen like the following.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Figure 54: Filter Properties: Addressing

8. Enter the Source IP address and the Destination IP address.

• Since this is the outgoing filter, the Source IP address is "My IP address" and the Destination IP address is the address range used on the remote LAN.

• Ensure the Mirrored option is checked.

9. Click "OK" to save your settings and close this dialog.

Figure 55: New Rule Properties: IP Filter List

10. On the resulting screen (above), ensure the "To DUT" filter is selected, then click the Filter Action tab to see a screen like the following

Figure 56: New Rule Properties: Filter Action

11. Select Require Security, then click the "Edit" button, to view the Require Security Properties screen.

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Figure 57: Require Security Properties

12. Select Negotiate security (this selects IKE), then click "Add".

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Figure 58: Modify Security Method

13. On the resulting screen (above), select High [ESP] then click "OK" to save your changes and return to the Require Security Properties screen.

Figure 59: Require Security Properties

14. Ensure the following settings are correct, then click "OK" to return to the Filter Action tab of the Edit Rule Properties screen.

VPN Setting Windows Setting

IKE enabled Negotiate security AH disabled AH Integrity: <None> ESP encryption: Enable/DES ESP Confidentially: DES ESP authentication: Enable/MD5 ESP Integrity: MD5

15. Click the Tunnel Setting tab, then select The tunnel endpoint is specified by this IP address. Enter the WAN (Internet) IP address of the Broadband VPN Router, as shown below.

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Figure 60: Tunnel Setting

16. Click the Authentication Methods tab, then click the "Edit" to see the screen like the example below.

Figure 61: Authentication Method

17. Select Use this string to protect the key exchange (preshared key), then enter your preshared key in the field provided.

18. Click "OK" to save your changes and return to the Authentication Methods tab of the Edit Rule Properties screen.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

19. Click "Close" to return to the DUT to Win2K properties screen. The "To DUT" filter should now be listed, as shown below.

Figure 62: Windows 2000/XP Client to Broadband VPN Router

20. To add the second (incoming) rule, click "Add". For the name, enter "To Win2K", then click "Add".

Figure 63: Windows 2000/XP Client to Broadband VPN Router

21. Enter the Source IP address and the Destination IP address as shown below.

• Since this is the incoming filter, the Source IP address is the address range used on

the remote LAN and the Destination IP address is "My IP address".

• Ensure the Mirrored option is checked.

Figure 64: Filter Properties: Addressing

22. Click "OK" to save your changes, then "Close".

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Figure 65: Filter List

23. Ensure the "To Win2K" filter is selected, then click the Filter Action tab.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Figure 66: Filter Action

24. Select Require Security, then click "Edit". On the Require Security Methods screen below, select Negotiate security.

Figure 67: Security Methods

25. Click the "Add" button. On the resulting Modify Security Method screen below, select High [ESP].

Figure 68: Modify Security Method

26. Click "OK" to save your changes, then click "OK" again to return to th e Filter Action screen.

27. Select the Tunnel Setting tab, and enter the WAN (Internet) IP address o f this PC (172.10..9.10 in this example).

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Figure 69: Tunnel Setting

28. Select the Authentication Methods tab, and click the "Edit" button to see the screen below.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Figure 70: Authentication Method

29. Select Use this string to protect the key exchange (preshared key), then enter your preshared key in the field provided.

30. Click "OK" to save your settings, then "Close" to return to the DUT to Win2K Properties screen. There should now be 2 IP Filers listed, as shown below.

31. Select the General tab.

Figure 71: DUT to Win2K Properties

Figure 72: Properties - General Tab

32. Click the "Advanced" button to see the screen below.

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Figure 73: Key Exchange Settings

33. Click the "Methods" button to see the screen below.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Figure 74: Key Exchange Security Methods

34. Select the first entry, and click the "Edit" button to see the following screen.

Figure 75: IKE Security Algorithms

35. Select "SHA1" for Integrity Algorithm, "3DES" for Encryption algorithm, and "Low(1)" for the Diffie-Hellman Group.

36. Click "OK" to save, then "OK" again, and then "Close" to return to the Local Security Settings screen.

37. Right click the DUT to Win2K Policy and select "Assign" to make your policy active.

Figure 76: Windows 2000/XP Client to Broadband VPN Router

Configuration is now complete.

Example 3: Windows 2000 Server to VPN Gateway

In this example, a Windows 2000 Server connects to the Broadband VPN Router. Users on each LAN can then gain access to the remote LAN.

Figure 77: Broadband VPN Router to Windows 2000 Server

Broadband VPN Router Configuration

This is the same as for the client setup earlier, with the exception of the IP address range for the remote endpoint.

Setting Single Client Server/Gateway

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Remote IP addresses

172.16.9.10 For a single client, this is the

same as the Gateway address

Subnet address:

11.5.0.0

255.255.0.0 Address range used on the remote LAN.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Windows 2000 Server Configuration

Configuration is the same as for Example 2: Windows 2000/XP Client to except for specifying the Source and Destination addresses for the "Filter Properties". Instead, for both IP Filters, the Filter Properties- Addressing should be completed as follows.

Figure 78: Windows 2000 Server - Addressing

• The Source Address should be set to "A specific IP Subnet", and the IP address and Subnet mask set to the address range used on the Broadband VPN Router's LAN.

• The Destination Address should be set to "A specific IP Subnet", and the IP address and Subnet mask set to the address range used on the Windows 2000 LAN.

Using Certificates

Certificates are used to authenticate users. Certificates are issued to you by various CAs (Certification Authorities). These Certificates are called "Self Certificates".

Each CA also issues a certificate to itself. This Certificate is required in order to validate communication with the CA. These certificates are called "Trusted Certificates."

The Certificates screen lists both the Trusted Certificate - the certificates of each CA itself and Self Certificates - the certificates issued to you.

VPN

Trusted Certificates

Subject Name (CA)

Issuer Name Expiry Time

Delete button

Self Certificates

Name

Subject Name Issuer Name Expiry Time

Figure 79: Certificates Screen

The "Subject Name" is always the company or person to whom the Certificate is issued. For trusted certificates, this will be a CA.

The CA (Certification Authority) which issued the Certificate. The date on which the Certificate expires. You should renew the

Certificate before it expires. Use this button to delete a Trusted Certificate. Select the checkbox in

the Delete column for any Certificates you wish to delete, then click the "Delete" button.

The name you assigned to this Certificate. You should select a name which helps to identify this particular certificate.

The company or person to whom the Certificate is issued. The CA (Certification Authority) which issued the Certificate. The date on which the Certificate expires. You should renew the

Certificate before it expires.

Delete button

Use this button to delete a Self Certificate. Select the checkbox in the Delete column for any Certificates you wish to delete, then click the "Delete" button.

Broadband VPN Gateway User Guide

Adding a Trusted Certificate

1. After obtaining a new Certificate from the CA, you need to upload it to the Broadband VPN Router.

2. On the "Certificates" screen, click the "Add Trusted Certificate" button to view the Add Trusted Certificate screen, shown below.

Figure 80: Add Trusted Certificate

3. Click the "Browse" button, and locate the certificate file on your PC

4. Select the file. The name will appear in the "Certificate File" field.

5. Click "Upload" to upload the certificate file to the Broadband VPN Router.

6. Click "Back" to return to the Trusted Certificate list. The new Certificate will appear in the list.

Adding a Self Certificate

This process is different to obtaining a Trusted Certificate. The Broadband VPN Router must generate a request for the CA. You cannot request a Certificate directly. The correct procedure is as follows:

1. On the "Certificates" screen, click the "Add Self Certificate" button to view the first screen of the Add Self Certificate procedure, shown below.

Figure 81: Add Self Certificate (1)

2. Complete this screen.

Name

Enter a name which helps to identify this particular certificate. This name is only for your reference.

VPN

Subject Name

This is the name which other organizations will see as the Holder (owner) of this Certificate. This should be your registered business name or official company name. Generally, all Certificates should have the same value in the Subject field.

Hash Algorithm Signature Algorithm Signature Key Length

Select the desired option. Select the desired option. RSA is recommended. Select the desired option. Normally, 1024 bits provides

adequate security.

3. Click "Next" to continue to the following screen.

Figure 82: Add Self Certificate (2)

4. Check that the data displayed in the Certificate Details section is correct. This data is used to generate the Certificate request. If the data is not correct, click the "Back" button an d correct the previous screen.

5. If the data is correct, copy the text in the Data to supply to CA panel to the clipboard.

6. Apply for a Certificate:

• Connect to the CA's web site.

• Start the Self Certificate request procedure.

• When prompted for the request data, copy this data (including "-----BEGIN

CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----" and "-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----") from this screen to the CA's form.

• Submit the CA's form.

• If there are no problems, the Certificate will then be issued.

7. Click "Finished" to return to the Certificate list. The new Certificate will appear in the list.

Allnet ALL1294VPN User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Broadband VPN Router Features

Package Contents

Physical Details

Requirements

Procedure

Overview

Configuration Program

Setup Wizard

WAN Port Configuration Screen

LAN Screen

Overview

Windows Clients

Macintosh Clients

Linux Clients

Other Unix Systems

Operation

Status Screen

Connection Status - PPPoE

Connection Status - PPTP

Connection Status - Telstra Big Pond

Connection Details - SingTel RAS

Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address

Overview

Advanced Internet Screen

Dynamic DNS (Domain Name Server)

Virtual Servers

Access Control

Firewall Rules

Scheduling

Services

Overview

Common VPN Situations

VPN Configuration

Examples

Using Certificates