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Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Package SH
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential
The ATS651LSH is a mechatronics component with an integrated Hall-effect sensor and magnet, providing an easy-to-use solution for speed and direction sensing
applications. The solid thermoset molded plastic package contains a samarium
cobalt magnet and a Hall-effect IC optimized to the magnetic circuit. This sensor
module has been designed specifically for high reliability in the harsh automotive
environment.
The IC employs patented algorithms for the special operational requirements of
transmission applications. This two-wire device communicates the speed and
direction of a ferrous target via a pulse width modulation (PWM) output protocol.
The ATS651LSH is particularly adept at handling vibration without sacrificing
maximum air gap capability or creating an erroneous “direction” pulse. Even the
higher angular vibration caused by engine cranking is completely rejected by
the device. The advanced vibration detection algorithm systematically calibrates
the sensor on the true rotation signals from the first three and a half teeth, not on
vibration, thus always guaranteeing an accurate signal in running mode.
1
2
3
4
1. VCC
2. Test pin, Channel 1
3. Test pin, Channel 2
4. GND
AB SO LUTE MAX I MUM RAT INGS
Supply Voltage*, V
Reverse-Supply Voltage, V
Reverse-Output Voltage, V
Temperatures
Operating Ambient, T
Junction, T
Storage, T
*Refer to Power Derating section
.........................................28 V
CC
.......................................165ºC
J(MAX)
................................. –65ºC to 170ºC
S
........................ –18 V
RCC
....................–50 mA
ROUT
................. –40ºC to 150ºC
A
Patented running mode algorithms also protect against air gap changes, whether
or not the target is in motion. Direction information is always available on the first
magnetic edge after a direction change. Advanced signal processing and innovative algorithms make the ATS651LSH an ideal solution for a wide range of speed
and direction sensing needs.
The device package is lead (Pb) free, with 100% matte tin plated leadframe.
Features and Benefits
• Rotational direction detection
• Fully optimized digital differential gear-tooth sensor
• Single-chip sensing IC for high reliability
• Small mechanical size (8 mm diameter × 5.5 mm vertical, flat-to-flat)
• Internal current regulator for 2-wire operation
• Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and reference adjust circuit
• 3-bit factory trimmed for tight pulse width accuracy
• True zero-speed operation
• Wide operating voltage range
• Undervoltage lockout
• Defined power-on state
• ESD and reverse polarity protection
Use the following complete part numbers when ordering:
Part Number Packing*
ATS651LSHTN-T 13-in. reel, 800 pieces/reel
*Contact Allegro for additional packing options.
651LSH-DS
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
V+
VCC
0.01μF
C
BYPASS
Hall
Amp
Hall
Amp
Voltage
Regulator
Offset
Adjust
Offset
Adjust
Functional Block Diagram
PDAC
AGC
NDAC
PDAC
AGC
NDAC
PThre sh
Reference
Generator
& Updates
NThresh
PThre sh
Reference
Generator
& Updates
NThresh
Threshold
Logic
Threshold
Logic
Speed
and
Direction
Logic
Current
Output
Adjust
GND
Typical Application Diagram
I
CC(HIGH)/ICC(LOW)
1
2
ATS651
Note: Pins 2 and 3 may be connected to pin 4.
However, ICC is increased in that configuration.
3
4
(Recommended)
0.01 μF
C
BYPASS
ECU
100 Ω
R
SENSE
TEST
C
SENSE
651LSH-DS
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
2
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Device Characteristics Tables
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Valid for –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 150°C, TJ ≤ 165°C, unless otherwise noted
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Supply Voltage V
Undervoltage Lockout V
Reverse Supply Current I
Supply Zener Clamp Voltage V
Supply Zener Resistance R
CC
CC(UV)
RCC
Z
Z
Output Current Slew Rate SR
Power-On State POS ION state – I
Power-On Time
Supply Current
Supply Current Difference ΔI
1
t
PO
I
CC(Low)
I
CC(High)
CC
CALIBRATION
Direction Information
Speed Information
Direction Change Detection
Signal Variation
(At calibration)
2
2
3
4
N
Dir
N
Spd
N
CD
E
CAL
DAC CHARACTERISTICS
Dynamic Offset Cancellation
1
Power-On Time is the time required to complete the internal automatic offset adjust; the DACs are then ready for peak acquisition.
2
Edge count is based on mechanical edges. First output edge is available on or before N
3
Edge count is based on mechanical edges. On the NCD edge, direction and speed information is valid.
4
If the peak-to-peak amplitude of the signal varies more than the specified amount during the direction verification process, then additional edges may
be required for calibration.
5
The device will compensate for magnetic and installation offsets up to ±60 gauss. Offsets greater than ±60 gauss may cause inaccuracies in the
output.
5
Running, TJ ≤ 165°C 4.3 – 24 V
VCC = 5 → 0 V – – 4.3 V
VCC = –18 V – – –10 mA
I
CC(Low)max
+ 3 mA 28 – 40 V
–20–
I
→ I
(High)
I
R
SENSE
, I
(Low)
(Low)
= 100 Ω, C
→ I
(High)
= 10 pF, 10 to 90% points
SENSE
2 16 – mA/μs
CC(Low)
Gear speed < 100 rpm – – 1 ms
Low-current state 4 7 9 mA
High-current state 12 14.5 17 mA
I
- I
CC(High)
and low-current state level
difference between high-current state level
CC(Low);
5.3 – – mA
First output transition – – 8 Edge
First output transition – – 8 Edge
Running mode direction change – – 1 Edge
Over four edges – – ±0.3 mm
As shipped – ±60 – G
or N
Spd
edges.
Dir
–mA
Ω
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Using Reference Target 60-0 and valid over operating temperature range
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Operational Air Gap Range
*
AG
OP
Within specification 0.5 – 2.8 mm
Operating Signal Range Sig Within specification 30 – 1200 G
*
Operational Air Gap Range is dependent on the available differential magnetic field. The available field is dependent on target geometry and material,
and should be independently characterized. The field available from the Reference Target is given in the Reference Target Parameters section of this
datasheet.
Continued on the next page...
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
651LSH-DS
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
3
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Device Characteristics Tables (Continued)
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS Valid for –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 150°C, TJ ≤ 165°C, unless otherwise noted
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Operate Point B
Release Point B
Axial/Radial Runout
1
(Multiple teeth)
Sudden Air Gap
(Single tooth)
Incremental Air Gap
RO
ΔAG
ΔAG
OP
RP
A/R
(Consecutive edges)
ΔAG
Vibration Immunity
(At power-on)
Vibration Immunity
2
(Running)
Maximum Operating Frequency
1
Inclusive of all Sudden Air Gap and Incremental Air Gap changes during operation.
2
Device may output one reverse pulse at the start of vibration.
3
Maximum Operating Frequency may be increased if the customer can resolve Minimum Low-State Duration levels down to the specified value.
ROT
ROT
VIBR
f
3
L
f
R
% of peak-to-peak referenced from PDAC to NDAC,
AG
< AG
OP
OP(max)
% of peak-to-peak referenced from PDAC to NDAC,
AG
< AG
OP
OP(max)
–58–%
–42–%
– – ±1.75 mm
Instantaneous air gap change (<500 Hz) – – ±0.4 mm
SAG
Air gap change between edges @ >8 kHz – – ±0.1 mm
IR+
Air gap change between edges @ 8-4 kHz ±0.15 mm
Air gap change between edges @ <4 kHz – – ±0.2 mm
IR-
Rotation allowed due to vibration with temperature change
VIBS
less than 10°C
Rotation allowed due to vibration with temperature change
less than 10°C
– – ±0.75 (°)
– – ±0.35 (°)
Rotation Left (target rotation CCW, pin 1 to pin 4), tLD = 38 μs 6 – – kHz
Rotation Right (target rotation CW, pin 4 to pin 1), tLD = 38 μs 12 – – kHz
Continued on the next page...
651LSH-DS
B+
B
OP
Differential Magnetic
Flux Density, B
B–
ATS651LSH Switchpoints
ValleyTooth
100 %
B
%
OP
B
RP
B
%
RP
t
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
4
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Device Characteristics Tables (Continued)
Protocol Pulse Characteristics Valid for –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 150°C (TJ ≤ 165°C), unless otherwise noted
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Minimum Low-State Duration* t
Pulse Width Right t
Pulse Width Left t
Protocol Pulse Width Tolerance E
LD
W(R)
W(L)
PPW
*Maximum Operating Frequency may be increased if the application controller can resolve Minimum Low-State Duration levels down to the specified
value.
Falling edge to subsequent rising edge. 10 – – μs
38 45 52 μs
76 90 104 μs
Reference Target –15 – 15 %
Target Rotating in Clockwise (CW, Right) Direction
Branded Face
of Sensor
Pin1
Pin4
Rotating Target
651LSH-DS
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
5
ATS651LSH
Reference Gear Magnetic Profile
Two Tooth-to-Valley Transitions
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0123456789101112
AG (mm)
Reference Target
60-0
of Sensor
Branded Face
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Reference Target Parameters
REFERENCE TARGET CHARACTERISTICS 60-0 (60 Tooth Target)
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Typ. Units Symbol Key
Outside Diameter D
Face Width F
Circular Tooth Length t
Circular Valley Length t
Tooth Whole Depth h
Outside diameter of target
o
Breadth of tooth, with respect
to sensor
Length of tooth, with respect
to sensor; measured at D
Length of valley, with respect
v
to sensor; measured at D
t
120 mm
6mm
3mm
o
3mm
o
3mm
Material Low Carbon Steel – –
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
Peak-to-Peak Differential
Magnetic Flux Density (G)
400
200
0
Reference Gear Magnetic Gradient Amplitude
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
with Reference to Air Gap
Branded Face
of Sensor
t
v
t
Air Gap
D
o
F
h
t
651LSH-DS
Differential Magnetic Flux Density (G)
Gear Rotation (°)
2.00 mm AG
0.50 mm AG
AG (mm)
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
6
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Characteristic Data
Supply Current (High) vs. Ambient Temperature
17
16
15
(mA)I
14
CC(High)
I
13
12
-40° 25° 85° 150°
(°C)
T
A
Supply Current (Low) vs. Ambient Temperature
9
8
7
(mA)
6
CC(Low)
5
4V
12V
20V
24V
4V
12V
20V
24V
651LSH-DS
4
-40° 25° 85° 150°
T
(°C)
A
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
7
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Characteristic Data (Continued)
Pulse Width (Right) vs. Ambient Temperature
52
50
48
46
(µ s)
44
W(R)
t
42
40
38
-40° 25° 150°
T
(°C)
A
Pulse Width (Left) vs. Ambient Temperature
104
100
96
92
(µ s)
88
W(L)
t
84
80
76
-40° 25° 150°
TA (°C)
SENSOR EVALUATION: EMC
Characterization Only*
Test Name Reference Specification
ESD – Human Body Model AEC-Q100-002
ESD – Machine Model AEC-Q100-003
Conducted Transients ISO 7637-1
Direct RF Injection ISO 11452-7
Bulk Current Injection ISO 11452-4
TEM Cell ISO 11452-3
*Please contact Allegro MicroSystems for EMC performance.
651LSH-DS
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
8
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS may require derating at maximum conditions, see application information
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max Units
1-layer PCB with copper limited to solder pads 126 – – ºC/W
Package Thermal Resistance
R
θJA
2-layer PCB with 3.57 in.
2
of copper area each side
connected by thermal vias
Power Derating Curve
25
24
23
22
21
(V)
20
CC
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Maximum Allowable V
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
(R
(R
θJA
θJA
= 84 ºC/W)
= 126 ºC/W)
V
CC(max)
V
CC(min)
84 – – ºC/W
651LSH-DS
Maximum Power Dissipation, P
1900
1800
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
(mW)
D
1100
1000
900
800
R
θJA
R
θJA
= 126 ºC/W
= 84 ºC/W
700
600
500
400
Power Diss ipation, P
300
200
100
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Temperature (°C)
D(max)
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
9
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Applications Information
Data Protocol Description
Rotation Right. Referring to figure 1, a ferrous target passes in
front of the sensor (not shown) in the direction indicated. Each
tooth of the target generates a pulse from the sensor. Each pulse
provides speed and direction data. Speed is provided by the
pulse rate, while direction is obtained by measuring the width
45 μs 45 μs 45 μs 45 μs
of the pulses. A 45 μs pulse indicates rotation in the clockwise
direction.
Rotation Left. Referring to figure 2, when the target changes
direction, the sensor outputs a current pulse of or 90 μs, twice
as long as the Rotation Right pulse width. The maximum speed
is limited by the width of the pulse and the shortest Low-State
Duration the controller can resolve.
651LSH-DS
Figure 1. Target rotation to the right (CW) relative to the sensor gives forward speed.
90 μs 90 μs 90 μs 90 μs
Figure 2. Target rotation to the left (CCW) relative to the sensor gives reverse speed.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
10
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Power Derating
The device must be operated below the maximum junction
temperature of the device, T
. Under certain combinations of
J(max)
peak conditions, reliable operation may require derating supplied power or improving the heat dissipation properties of the
application. This section presents a procedure for correlating
factors affecting operating TJ. (Thermal data is also available on
the Allegro MicroSystems Web site.)
The Package Thermal Resistance, R
, is a figure of merit sum-
θJA
marizing the ability of the application and the device to dissipate
heat from the junction (die), through all paths to the ambient air.
Its primary component is the Effective Thermal Conductivity,
K, of the printed circuit board, including adjacent devices and
traces. Radiation from the die through the device case, R
relatively small component of R
. Ambient air temperature,
θJA
θJC
, is
TA, and air motion are significant external factors, damped by
overmolding.
The effect of varying power levels (Power Dissipation, PD), can
be estimated. The following formulas represent the fundamental
relationships used to estimate TJ, at PD.
P
= VIN × I
D
ΔT = PD × R
IN
(2)
θJA
(1)
Example: Reliability for V
at TA = 150°C, package SH, using
CC
the PCB with least exposed copper.
Observe the worst-case ratings for the device, specifically:
R
126°C/W, T
θJA =
I
CC(max) =
16.8 mA.
Calculate the maximum allowable power level, P
J(max) =
165°C, V
CC(max) = 28
V, and
D(max)
. First,
invert equation 3:
ΔT
This provides the allowable increase to T
max
= T
– TA = 165 °C – 150 °C = 15 °C
J(max)
resulting from internal
J
power dissipation. Then, invert equation 2:
P
D(max)
= ΔT
max
÷ R
= 15°C ÷ 126 °C/W = 119 mW
θJA
Finally, invert equation 1 with respect to voltage:
V
CC(est)
= P
D(max)
÷ I
= 119 mW ÷ 16.8 mA = 7.1 V
CC(max)
The result indicates that, at TA, the application and device can
dissipate adequate amounts of heat at voltages ≤V
CC(est)
.
TJ = TA + ΔT (3)
For example, given common conditions such as: TA= 25°C,
V
= 5 V, I
CC
PD = VCC × I
ΔT = P
= TA + ΔT = 25°C + 8.8°C = 23.8°C
T
J
A worst-case estimate, P
able power level (V
at a selected R
= 14 mA, and R
CC
= 12 V × 4.0 mA = 70.0 mW
CC
× R
D
= 70.0 mW × 126 °C/W = 8.8°C
θJA
CC(max)
and TA.
θJA
= 126 °C/W, then:
θJA
, represents the maximum allow-
D(max)
, I
), without exceeding T
CC(max)
J(max)
Compare V
able operation between V
R
. If V
θJA
V
is reliable under these conditions.
CC(max)
CC(est)
CC(est)
to V
≥ V
. If V
CC(max)
CC(est)
CC(max)
CC(est)
and V
CC(max)
, then operation between V
≤ V
CC(max)
requires enhanced
This value applies only to the voltage drop across the
ATS651LSH chip. If a protective series diode or resistor is used,
the effective maximum supply voltage is increased.
For example, when a standard diode with a 0.7 V drop is used:
V
= 7.1 V + 0.7 V = 7.8 V
S(max)
,
, then reli-
CC(est)
and
651LSH-DS
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
11
ATS651LSH
Two-Wire Self-Calibrating Differential Speed and Direction Sensor with Vibration Immunity
Package SH, 4-pin SIP
5.5 .217
1.50 .0591
5.8 .228
E
E
0.23 .009
E
1.50 .0591
2.9 .114
C
B
8.0 .315
E
4.0 .157
5.0 .244
20.95 .825
13.05 .514
Preliminary dimensions, for reference only
Untoleranced dimensions are nominal.
Dimensions in millimeters
U.S. Customary dimensions (in.) in brackets, for reference only
Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, burrs, and dambar protrusions
Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown
0.6
1.7 .067
.024
A
1
243
1 .039
A
A
B
C
D
E
0.6 .024
1.27 .050
Dambar removal protrusion (16X)
Metallic protrusion, electrically connected to pin 4 and substrate (both sides)
Active Area Depth, 0.43 [.017]
Thermoplastic Molded Lead Bar for alignment during shipment
Hall elements (3X); controlling dimension inches
0.38 .015
1.08 .043
D
The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889;
5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such de par tures from the detail spec i fi ca tions as may be required to permit
improvements in the per for mance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the
information being relied upon is current.
Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support devices or sys tems without express written approval.
The in for ma tion in clud ed herein is believed to be ac cu rate and reliable. How ev er, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no re spon si bil i ty for its use;
nor for any in fringe ment of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.
Copyright © 2005 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
651LSH-DS
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
12
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