AIS AI2524 User Manual

AISwitch

AI2524 Router

User’s Manual

August 1997

Applied Innovation Inc.

AI2524 Router

User’s Manual

AISwitch

Applied Innovation Inc.

AI2524 Router

User’s Manual

August 1997

Reference 2524UM

AI2524 Router User’s Manual

Copyright © 1983-1997 by Applied Innovation Incorporated (AII). The material discussed in this manual is the proprietary property of AII. AII retains a l l righ ts to reprodu ction and distribution of this document.

AISwitch, AISwitch Series 180, and AISwitch Series 130 are registered trademarks of AII.

UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Limited. Any other trademarks appearing in this manual are registered trademarks of their respective comp anies.

FCC Warning

The Federal Communications Commission has set limits for emitted radio interference. The AISwitch is constructed with this electromagnetic interference (EMI) limitation in mind. Th AISwitch is classified under FCC regulations as a Class A device, that is, a device for use in commercial environments a nd not in residentia l areas. This devi ce has been tested and shown to comply with the following FCC rule: Part 15 Subpart J. Operation of this equipment in a residenti al are may cause inte rferenc e to radio and TV reception, requiring the user to take wh atev er ste ps are necessary to cor re c t the interference.

Information is availabl e from the FCC describing possible corrective actions. For lower EMI levels, we suggest using only metal connectors and shielded cables grounded to the frame.

Electrostatic Discharge Warning

Warning: The AISwitch and its peripherals contain electrostatic sensitive components. Proper

handling, shipping, and storage precautions must be exercised:

z Removal and installation of circuit boards must be performed in a static-free en-

vironment. Tthe tec hn ician sho uld we a r an anti-static wrist strap and stand on an anti-static mat. Both the wrist strap and mat must be grounded at the same point as the AISwitch enclosure.

z When not in use, circuit boards must be kept in their anti-static plastic bags. z Circuit boards must only be removed from their anti-static plastic bags immedi-

ately prior to in stallation into the AISwitch enclosure.

z Immediately upon removal from the enc losure, circuit boards must be inserted

into their anti-static bags.

z Do not ship or store t he electronic circuit boards near strong electrostatic, elec-

tromagnetic , magnetic, or radi oactive fields.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Applied Innovation Inc.

5800 Innovation Driv

Dublin, Oh io 43016-3271

614-798-2000 800-247-9482

FAX: 614-798-1770

August 1997

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Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction ..............................................................................................1-1

Documen tation Ov erview .................. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ........ ...... .............1-1

Related D o cu mentation......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............1-3

Contact Info rmation .................... ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ........ ...... ........ ...... ............ 1 -4

Text Co n ve ntions. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .............1-5

Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview......................................................................................2-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ..............................2-1

T1 CSU/DSU...................................................................................................2-1

Four Wires 5 6K CSU /DSU.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........2-1

5-IN-1 S eri al Cable Interface... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........2-1

Software Features and Functions ..................................................................................2-2

Scalability ........................................................................................................2-2

Reliable, Ad a pti ve Routing.... .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... ............2 -2

Remote Access and Protocol Translation ........................................................2-2

Managem en t and Security.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........2-5

Software Specifications.................................................................................................2-5

Supported M edia ....... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........2-5

Supporte d N et w ork Protocols......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........2-5

Connections..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..............2-7

External Connection Requirements ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........2-7

Chapter 3: Configuration Overview..........................................................................3-1

Introduction...................................................................................................................3-1

Boot Rou te r for F irst T ime......... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...........3-1

Configure the Router.....................................................................................................3-2

Using Configu ration Mo d ............ ...... .... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ............3-2

Show Con figu ration .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..............3-3

Save the Configuration..................................................................................................3-4

Configuration Overviews............... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .............3-4

Use Configuration Builder...............................................................................3-4

Use the Command Interpreter..........................................................................3-4

Use the Web Browser Interface.......................................................................3-6

Configuration Storage and Hot Swap ...........................................................................3-6

Always Modify the Configuration Using Menu 4.18 ......................................3-6

Store the Configuration on the AI198 Card.....................................................3-6

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interface ..........................................................4-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ..............................4-1

Comman d L i ne Interface ....... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........4-1

End a Session ................................................................................................................4-2

User Interface Task List................................................................................................4-2

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Comman d Modes ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .............4-3

User EXEC Mode Commands .........................................................................4-6

Privileged EXEC Mode Commands................................................................4-7

ROM Monitor Mode Commands.....................................................................4-8

Global Config urat i on Mo de Commands. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .......4-10

Interface Co n figuration Mode Commands ......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......4-12

Subinterface Configuration Mode Commands ................................................4-14

Router Configuration Mode .............................................................................4-15

IPX-Router Configuration Mode .....................................................................4-16

Route-Map C onfigu ra t ion Mode. .... .... ...... .... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... ...........4 -17

Key Chai n Configuration Mode............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........4 -17

Response Time Reporter Configuration Mod ................................................4-17

Access- List C onf igu ra tion Mode.... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .........4-17

Context-Sensitive Help .................................................................................................4-18

Get Wor d H el p... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............4-19

Get Command Syntax Help............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........4 -19

Get Help for Abbreviated Commands .............................................................4-19

Examples..........................................................................................................4-19

Check C o mmand Syntax.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........4-21

Comman d H i stor y Features ........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........4-23

Editing Fe atures ....... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .............4-24

Edit Comma nd Lines that Wra ........... ...... ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...........4-26

Web Browser Interfac .................................................................................................4-27

Web Browse r Inter fac e Task List.... ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ........ ...... ........4-27

Enable the Web Browser Interface..................................................................4-27

Use Compatible Hardware and Software.........................................................4-27

Access Your Router 's Home Pag ................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........4-28

Issue Commands Using the Web Browser Interfac .......................................4-29

Enter Commands Using Hypertext Links........................................................4-29

Enter Commands Using the Command Field..................................................4-30

Enter Commands Using the URL Window .....................................................4-30

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall......................................................................................5-1

Introduction........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..............5-1

Preparing for AutoInstall ..............................................................................................5-1

AutoInstal l Req uir eme nts ........ .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .............5-2

Use a DOS-Based TFTP Server....................................................................................5-4

How AutoInstall Works................................................................................................5-5

Acquire the New Router's IP Address .............................................................5-5

Resolve the IP Address to the Host Name.......................................................5-7

Download the New Router's Host Configuration Fil .....................................5-9

Perform the AutoInstall Procedur ...............................................................................5-11

Modify the Ex ist ing Router's Co nfiguration........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......5-11

Set Up the TFTP Server ...................................................................................5-14

Set Up the BOOTP or RARP Server ...............................................................5-16

Connect the New Router to the Network......................... .. ................ .. ............5-17

Use Setup for Configuration Changes ..........................................................................5-19

Setup Command Facility Task List..................................................................5-19

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Use Setup after First-Time Startup ..................................................................5-19

Use the Streamlined Setup Facility..................................................................5-27

Chapter 6: Using the System Configuration Dialog.................................................6-1

Introduction...................................................................................................................6-1

System Configuration Dialog........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........6-1

Chapter 7: Manually Loading System Images..........................................................7-1

Introduction...................................................................................................................7-1

Image and Configuration File Load Task List..............................................................7-2

Retrieve System Images and Configuration Files.........................................................7-3

Retrieve System Images and Configuration File Task List .............................7-3

Copy System Images from a Network Server to Flash Memory.....................7-3

Copy Configuration Files from a Network Server to the Router.....................7-7

Change the Buffer Size for Loading Configuration Files................................7-8

Verify the Image in Flash Memo ry...... ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ............7 -9

Display System Image and Configuration Information...................................7-9

Reexecute the Configuration Commands in Startup Configuration................7-11

Clear the Configuration Information ...............................................................7-11

Perform General Startup Tasks.....................................................................................7-12

General Startup Task List ................................................................................7-12

Enter Configuration Mode and Select a Configuration Source .......................7-12

Modify the Configuration Register Boot Field................................................7-15

Specify t h e S t art u p Configuration Fil ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........7-18

Store System Images and Configuration Files.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........7 -21

Store System Images and Configuration Files Task List............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .....7-21

Copy Sys tem Images from Fl a sh Memory to a Ne tw o rk Server.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...7-21

Copy Configuration Files from the Router to a Network Server..................... 7-23

Perform St art up Tasks . .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..............7-24

Startup T a sk L ist ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........7-24

Partition Flash Memory U sing Dual Flash Bank... ........ ...... ........ ...... ...... ........7 -24

Use Flash Load Helper to Upgra de Software on Run-from-Flash Systems....7-29

Manually Load a System Image from ROM Monitor................ ...... .... ...... .... ...... .........7-35

Manually Bo ot from Flash............. ...... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ...... ..........7-35

Manually Bo ot from a Ne two rk File.... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ........7-36

Manually Bo ot from ROM... ...... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ...... .... .... ............7-37

Use the System Image Instead of Reloading ...................................................7-37

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Configuration Steps.....................................................8-1

Introduction...................................................................................................................8-1

Enable OSPF....................................................................................................8-2

Configure OSPF Interface Parameters.............................................................8-2

Configure OSPF over Different Physical Networks........................................8-3

Configure OSPF Area Parameters ...................................................................8-4

Configure OSPF Not So Stubby Area (NSSA ................................................8-5

Configure Rout e Summarization be tween OSPF Areas ..................................8-6

Configure Rout e Summarizat io n Whe n Redistributing Routes into OSPF.....8-6

Create Virtua l Links................ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........8-7

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Generate a Default Route.................................................................................8-7

Configure Looku p of DNS Names .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........8-7

Force the Router ID Choice with a Loopback Interfac ..................................8-8

Disable Default OSPF Metric Calcula t ion Based on Bandwidth ....................8-8

Configure OSPF on Simplex Ethernet Interfaces............................................8-8

Configure Route Calculation Timers......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........8 -9

Configure OSPF over On-Demand Circuits....................................................8-9

Network Illustration.........................................................................................8-10

AI2524 IG RP TCP/I P Config uration Steps .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..........8-11

IGRP Update ..................................................................................................8-11

IGRP Configuration Task List.........................................................................8-11

Create the IGRP Routing Process ....................................................................8-12

Allow Point-to-Point Updates for IGRP..........................................................8-12

Define Unequal-Cost Load Balancing.............................................................8-12

Control Traffic Distribution.............................................................................8-13

Adjust the IGRP Metric Weights .....................................................................8-13

Disable Holddo wn ................. ................ ................ ................ ..........................8-14

Enforce a Maximum Network Diamete ..........................................................8-14

Validate Sourc e IP Addresses......... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .........8-15

Network Illustration.........................................................................................8-15

AI2524 RIP TCP/IP Configuration...............................................................................8-16

RIP Configuration Task List............................................................................8-16

Enable RIP.......................................................................................................8-16

Allow Point-to-Point Updates for RI .............................................................8-16

Specify a RIP Version......................................................................................8-17

Enable RIP Authentication..............................................................................8-18

Disable Route Summarization .........................................................................8-18

Run IGRP and RI P Concur re ntly .... .... ...... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... ...........8-19

Disable the Validation of Source IP Addresses...............................................8-19

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps................................................9-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ..............................9-1

ISO CLNS Configuration Task List..............................................................................9-1

Understand Addresses...................................................................................................9-2

ISO IGRP NSAP Address................................................................................9-3

IS-IS NSAP Address........................................................................................9-4

Addressing Rules .............................................................................................9-5

Addressing Examples.......................................................................................9-6

Routing Table Example . ..................................................................................9-6

Understand Routing Processes.............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9 -8

Dynamic Routing.............................................................................................9-8

Intermediate Systems (IS) and End Systems (ES)...........................................9-8

Static Routing...................................................................................................9-9

Routing Decisions............................................................................................9-9

Configure I SO IGRP Dynam ic Routing .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........9 -10

Enable ISO IGRP.............................................................................................9-10

Example: Dynamic Routing within the Same Area.........................................9-11

Example: Dynamic Routing in More Than One Are .....................................9-12

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Example: Dynamic Routing in Overlapping Areas .........................................9-13

Example: Dynamic Interdoma inRouting ........................................................9-15

Configure I SO I GR P Parameters .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .........9-17

Configure IS- IS Dyn a mic Routing ........... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ............9 -19

Enable IS-IS.....................................................................................................9-19

Example s: IS-IS Routing Co n fig u ration ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......9-20

Assign Multiple Area Addresses to IS-IS Areas..............................................9-23

Example s: NETs Configuration ........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........9-24

Example: Route r in Two Areas............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9-25

Configure IS- IS Par am eters .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...........9 -27

Configure IS-I S Int er fa ce Parameters ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ........9-30

Configure CLNS Stat ic Routing ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9-33

Enable Static Routes ........................................................................................9-33

Example s: Basic Static R outing.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........9-34

Example: Static Intradoma inRouting..............................................................9-36

Example: Static Interdoma inRouting..............................................................9-38

Configure Variations of the Static Route.........................................................9-41

Map NS A P Ad d resses to Media Addresses............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......9-41

Configure Miscellaneous Features................................................................................9-43

Specify Shortcut NSAP Addresses..................................................................9-43

Use the IP Domain Name System to Discover ISO CLNS Addresses............9-44

Create Packet-Forwarding Filters and Establish Adjacencies .........................9-44

Example s: CLNS Filter........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9 -45

Redistribute Routin g Infor mation....................................................................9-45

Example s: Route Map.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9 -48

Specify Preferred Ro utes ......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9 -49

Configure ES-IS Hello Packet Parameters ......................................................9-49

Configure CLNS over WANs .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........9-51

Example: ISO CLNS over X.25.......................................................................9-51

Enhance I S O CLN S Per for mance..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ............9-53

Specify t h e M T U Size.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9 -54

Disable Checksums.................... .. .............................. ................ ......................9-54

Disable Fast Swit ching Through the Cache.....................................................9-54

Set the Congestion Threshold..........................................................................9-55

Transmit Error Protocol Data Units (ERPDUs)............................................... 9 -55

Control Redirect Protocol Data Units (RDPDUs)......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......9-55

Configure Par ameters for Loc ally Sour ced Packets . ........ ...... ........ ........ .........9 -56

Example: Performance Parameter ..................................................................9-56

Monitor and Maintain the ISO CLNS Network............................................................9-57

Configure TARP on ISO CLNS ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ............9-59

TARP Configuration Task List........................................................................9-60

Enable TARP and Configure a TARP TID......................................................9-60

Disable TARP Caching....................................................................................9-61

Disable TARP PDU Origination and Propagation...........................................9-61

Configure Multiple NSAP Addresses..............................................................9-61

Configure Stat i c T ARP Adjacency and Blacklist Adjacency..........................9-61

Determine TIDs and NSAPs............................................................................9-62

Configure TARP Timers.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........9-63

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Configure Miscellaneous TARP PDU Information.........................................9-64

Monitor and Maintain the TARP Protocol.......................................................9 -64

Example s: T ARP Configuration... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........9 -65

Chapter 10: Serial Interface Configuration Steps..................................................10-1

Introduction.................................................................................................................10-1

Configure the Synchronous Serial Interfaces..............................................................10-1

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps...............................................11-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ............................11-1

Configuration Overview ........ .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........11-1

PPP Configuration Task List .........................................................................11-2

Enable PPP Encapsulation ..........................................................................................11-3

Enable CH AP or PAP Authe ntication ......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........11-3

Example : CHAP w i th a n Encrypted P a ssword.............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......11-5

Enable Link Quality Monitoring (LQM) ....................................................................11-6

Configure Automatic Detection of Encapsulation Type.............................................11-7

Configure C o mpression of PPP Dat ..........................................................................11-7

Configure I P Add ress Pooling ............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........11-8

Peer Address Allocation ................................................................................11-8

Precede nce R ules .......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........11-9

Interface s A ffected...... ...... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... ...... .... ...........11-10

Choose the I P Add r ess Assignment Method .......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......11-10

Define the Global Default Mechanism ..........................................................11-10

Configure PPP Cal lb ack .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..............11-13

Configure a Rout er as a Callback Client..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......11-14

Example: PPP Callback Client.......................................................................11-14

Configure a Rout er as a Callback Serve .......................................................11-15

Example: PPP Callback Server......................................................................11-16

Disable or

Reenable Peer Neighbor Routes .................................................................................11-17

Configure PP P Half- Bridging ........ .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .............11-17

Configure Multilink PPP.............................................................................................11-19

Configure Multilink PPP on Asynchronous Interfaces..................................11-19

Configure Multi link PPP o n a Single IS DN BRI Interface ........... .. .. .. .. .. .. ....1 1-20

Example : Multilink PPP on One I SDN Interfac .......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......11-22

Configure Multilink PPP on Multiple ISDN BRI Interfaces.........................11-22

Example: Multilink PPP on Multiple ISDN Interfaces..................................11-25

Configure Vi rt u al Private Dial-up Networks............ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........11-26

Understand Virtual Private Dial-up Networks...............................................11-26

Configure Incoming VPDN Connections on the Home Gateway .................11-29

Configure Outgoing VPDN Connections on the Network Access Server.....11-29

Example: Network Access Server Servicing Multiple Domains...................11-29

Example: NAS Servicing Multiple Domains to the Same Gateway..............11-30

Example: Using TACACS+ for Forwarding from the NAS..........................11-31

Enable PPP on VTY Lines for Asynchronous Access over ISDN .............................11-32

Monitor and Maintain MLP, MMP, and VPDN Virtual Interfaces............................11-32

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Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Configuration Steps .......................................................12-1

Introduction.................................................................................................................12-1

X.25 Conf iguration . .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ............12-1

X.25 Configuration Task List......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........12-1

Configure Interface ............... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............12-2

Set the X.25 Mode .........................................................................................12-2

Set the Virtual Circuit Ranges .......................................................................12-3

Example: Virtual Circuit Ranges...................................................................12-4

Set the Packet Numbering Modulo................................................................12-5

Set the X.121 Address....................................................................................12-5

Set the Default Flow Control Values.............................................................12-6

Example: Typical X.25 Configuration...........................................................12-7

Configure Additional X.25 Interface Parameters .......................................................12-9

Configure the X.25 Level 3 Timers ...............................................................12-9

Configure X.25 Addresses .............................................................................12-10

Establish a Default Virtual Circuit Protocol..................................................12-12

Disable Packet-Level Protocol (PLP) Restarts ..............................................12-13

Configure an X.25 D atagram Transport ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........1 2-13

Configure Su bi nterfaces ............... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........12-14

Example: Point -t o- Poin t Subinterface Configuration....................................12-16

Map Protocol Addresses to X.121 Addresses................................................12-16

Map Data gram A ddre sses t o X. 25 Hosts........ .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .......1 2-18

Establish an Encapsulation PVC....................................................................12-20

Example : PVC Used to Exchange IP Traffic ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ .......12-21

Set X.25 TCP/I P Header Compres s ion ........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........12-22

Configure X.25 Bridging ...............................................................................12-22

Configure Add it i o n al X. 25 Datagram Transport Features........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......12-23

Configure X.25 Payload Compression .......... .... ...... .... ...... ...... .... ...... .... ........12-23

Configure the Encapsulation Virtual Circuit Idle Time.................................12-24

Increase the Number of Virtual Circuits Allowed.........................................12-25

Configure the Ignore Destination Time .........................................................12-25

Establish the Packet Acknowledgment Policy...............................................12-25

Configure X.25 User Facilities......................................................................12-26

Define the Virtual Circuit Packet Hold Queue Size ......................................12-28

Restrict Ma p Usage ... ........ ...... ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...............12-28

Configure X.25 Routing..............................................................................................12-29

Enable X.25 Routing......................................................................................12-30

Example : X.25 Route Address Pattern Ma tching .......... ...... ........ ...... ............12-30

Configure a Loc al X.25 Route ........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........1 2-31

Example: X.25 Routing .................................................................................12-32

Configure XOT (Remote) X.25 Rout ...........................................................12-33

Configure a Locally Switched PVC ...............................................................12-34

Example: PVC Switching on the Same Router............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......12-34

Example: Simple Remote PVC Tunneling ....................................................12-35

Configure a n XOT (Remote) PVC .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........12-35

Example: Remote PVC Tunneling.................................................................12-36

Configure Additional X.25 Routing Features .............................................................12-38

Configure XOT to Use Interface Default Flow Control Values....................12-38

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AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Substitute Addresses in a Local X.25 Rout ..................................................12-39

Configure X O T Alternate Destinations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......12-39

Configure C M N S Routing ......... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .............12-40

Enable CMNS on an Interface .......................................................................12-40

Specify a CM N S Static Map of A ddr esses ....... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......12-41

Example: CMNS Configured for X.121 and MAC Addresses ......................12-41

Example: CMNS Switched over a PDN ........................................................12-42

Example: CMNS Switched over Leased Lines..............................................12-43

Create X.29 Access Lists............................................................................................12-45

Create an Access List.....................................................................................12-46

Example: X.29 Access List............................................................................12-46

Apply an Access List to a Line......................................................................12-47

Create an X.29 Prof ile Script... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........12-47

Example: X.29 Profile Script.........................................................................12-47

Configure LAPB ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .............12-48

Configure a L A PB Datagram Tra nsport ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......12-48

Example: Typical LAPB Configuration ........................................................12-49

Modify LAP B Protocol Par ameters....... ........ ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ............12-49

Configure LAPB Priority and Custom Queuing............................................12-52

Configure Transparent Bridging over Multiprotocol LAPB .........................12-53

Monitor and Maintain LAPB and X.25 .........................................................12-53

Example: Transpa r ent B ri dgin g for Multiprotocol LAPB Encapsulation.....12-54

Example: X.25 Configured to Allow Ping Support over Multiple Lines ......12-54

Example: Booting from a Network Server over X.25 ...................................12-56

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Configuration Steps.........................................13-1

Introduction.................................................................................................................13-1

Frame Relay Hardware Configuration........................................................................13-1

Frame Relay Configuration Task List.........................................................................13-2

Enable Frame Relay Encapsulation on an Interface ...................................................13-2

Examples: IETF Encapsulation......................................................................13-3

Configure Dynamic or Static Address Mapping .........................................................13-3

Configure Dynamic Mapping ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........13-3

Configure Static Mapping.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........1 3-3

Example s: Static Address Mapping........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........13-4

Configure the LMI ......................................................................................................13-5

Allow LMI Autosense to Operate............... ................ ...................................13-5

The LMI Autosense Process ..........................................................................13-5

Configuring LMI Autosense..........................................................................13-6

Explicitly Con figure the LMI ....... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...............13-6

Configure Fra m e Relay Swi tched Virtual Circuits.....................................................13-8

Configure S V C s on a Physical Interface .......................................................13-8

Example: SVCs on an Interfac .....................................................................13-9

Configure S V C s on a Subinterface (optional) ...............................................13-9

Example: SVCs on a Subinterface.................................................................13-10

Configure a Ma p Class... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... ............13-11

Configure a Map Group with E.164 or X.121 Addresses.................... ..........13-12

Associate th e Ma p Cl ass with Static P rotocol Add res s Maps....... .. .. .. .. .. .. ....13-12

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AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Configure LAPF Parameters........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .........13-12

Configure Fra m e Relay Tr a ff ic S haping .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...........13-13

Enable Frame Relay Traffic Shaping on the Interface...................................13-14

Specify a Traffic-S h aping M ap Class f or the Interfa c .. ...... .... ...... .... ...... .....13-14

Define a Map Class with Queuing and Traffic Shaping Para meters .............13-15

Define Access Lists........................................................................................13-15

Define Priority Queue Lists for the Map Class..............................................13-15

Define Custom Queue Lists for the Map Class .............................................13-16

Example: Frame Relay Traffic Shaping ........................................................13-16

Customize Frame Relay for Your Network................................................................13-18

Configure Fra m e Relay Sub in ter faces ..... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ........13-18

Examples: Basic Subinterface........................................................................13-21

Example: Frame Relay Multipoint Subinterface with Dynamic Addressing 13-22

Example : IPX Ro u te s over Frame Re l ay S u b interfaces ....... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .....13-24

Example: Unnumbered IP over a Point-to-Point Subinterface ......................13-25

Example: Transpa r ent B ri dging Usin g Subi nterfaces....................................13-27

Configure Fra m e Relay S wit ching......... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... ..........13-28

Example: PVC Switching Configuration........... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........13-30

Example: Pure Frame Relay DCE .................................................................13-31

Example: Hybrid DTE/DCE PVC Switching...... .... ...... .... ...... .... .... ...... ........13-34

Example : Switch ing over an IP Tunnel .......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......13-36

Disable or Reenable Frame Relay Inverse ARP ............................................13-38

Create a Broadcast Queue for an Interface....................................................13-38

Configure P ayload C o mpre ssion ........ .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... .........13-39

Configure TCP/IP Header Compression........................................................13-39

Example: IP Map with Inherited TCP/IP Header Compression ....................13-42

Example: Using an IP Map to Override TCP/IP Header Compression .........13-42

Example: Disabling Inherited TCP/IP Header Compression.........................13-43

Example: Disabling Expli cit TCP/IP Header Compression ..........................13-44

Configure Discard Eligibility.................. .............................................. .........13-45

Configure DLCI Priority Levels....................................................................13-45

Monitor the Frame Relay Connections .......................................................................13-47

Example: Config u rat ion Providing Backward Compatibility........................13-47

Example: Booting from a Network Server over Frame Relay.......................13-48

Chapter 14: T1 Interface Configuration Steps ........... ............................................14-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ............................14-1

Configure Fr act ional T1..............................................................................................14-1

Configuration Overview ............ .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... ..........1 4-1

Specify t h e C l o ck S o u rce......... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... ..........1 4-1

Enable Data Inversion Before Transmission .................................................14-1

Specify the Frame Type of a FT/T1 Line ......................................................14-2

Specify the CSU Line Build Out ...................................................................14-2

Specify FT1/T1 Line-Code Type...................................................................14-3

Enable Remote Alarms..................................................................................14-3

Enable Loopcodes that Initiate Remote Loopbacks.......................................14-4

Specify T i meslots.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...........14-5

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AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Chapter 15: 56/64-kbps Switched and Digital Data Services (DDS) Interface Config-

uration Steps...............................................................................................................15-1

Introduction.................................................................................................................15-1

Set the Clock Source ...................................................................................................15-1

Set the Network Line Speed........................ ................ ................ .. ................ ..............15-2

Enable Scrambled Data Coding ..................................................................................15-3

Change between DDS and Switched Dial-Up Modes................................................1 5-3

Enable Acceptance of a Remote Loopback Request ..................................................15-4

Select a Service Provider ............................................................................................15-4

Chapter 16: Basic Configuration..............................................................................16-1

Connecting to the Network .........................................................................................16-1

Connecting to an Ethernet Network...............................................................16-1

Connecting to a WAN............. .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... ...... .... ...........16-1

Configuring .................................................................................................................16-1

Booting the Router for the First Time............................................................16-2

Configuring the Router ...............................................................................................16-2

Using Configu ration Mo d ............ ...... .... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ...... .... ..........16-3

Using AutoIn stall.............. ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ........ ...... ........ .............16-4

Using the System Configuration Dialog........................................................16-5

Configuring the Ethernet or Token Ring Interfaces....................................................16-10

Configuring the Synchronous Serial Interfaces ..........................................................16-11

Configuring ISDN.......................................................................................................16-12

Configuring Switched 56 ............................................................................................16-14

Configuring DDS........................................................................................................16-16

Configuring the Fractional T1/T1 DSU/CSU WAN Module .....................................16-17

Specifying the Boot Method ............ .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .. ...........16-18

Checking th e Conf igur ati on Settings ..... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. ...........16-20

Chapter 17: Command References..........................................................................17-1

Introduction.................................................................................................................17-1

Chapter 18: System Error Messages........................................................................18-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ............................18-1

Chapter 19: Debug Command Reference................................................................19-1

Introduction..................................................................................... ............................19-1

Appendix A: Release Notes.................................. .............................................. ........A-1

New Feat ure s................ ...... ........ ...... ........ ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ...... ........ ..................A-1

ISDN/BR I I nfe r fa ce.... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .............A-2

Configuring ISDN........................................................................................................A-3

Appendix B: Acronyms..............................................................................................B-1

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2524UM

Chapter 1: Introduction

Documentation Overview

This manual documents the use and operation of the AI2524 in an AISwitch system. These topics are covered:

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Introduction This chapter provides a documentation over-

view, rel ated documentation, contact infor mation, and text conventions.

AI2524 Overview

This chapter describes the Cisco IOS software featu res and AI252 4 hardware specifications.

Configuration Overview

This chapter describes the process of booting the router for the first time and provides overviews of configuration methods.

Understanding the User Interfac

This chapter introduces Cisco IOS softwar interface, and includes instructions for accessing command modes, context-sensitiv help, and command history and editing features.

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

August 1997 Page 1-1 2524UM

Using AutoIn stall

This chapter describes how use AutoInstall for automatic and dynamic configuration o the AI2524.

Using the System Configuration Dialog

This chapter descri bes how to use the System Configuration Dialog to manually configure the router.

Manually Loading System Images

This chapter describes how to manually load system images in the event that typical startup procedures malfunction.

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

AI2524 Protocol Configuration Steps

This chapter describes how to configure th AI2524 for OSPF TCP/IP, IGRP TCP/IP, and RIP TCP/IP.

AI2524 OSI / CLNP Configuration Steps

This chapter describes how to configure th AI2524 for ISO IGRP dynamic routing, IS-IS dynamic routing, and CLNS static routing.

Serial Int erface Configura tion Steps

This chapter describes how to configure synchronous s eri al interfaces.

AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps

This chapter describes how to enable PPP encapsulation and perform a variety of PPP configuration tasks.

AI2524 X.25 Configuration Steps

This chapter describes how to configure th X.25 interface, and includes datagram transport, routing, and X.29 access lists and profile scripts.

Chapter 13

Chapter 14

Chapter 15

Chapter 16

Chapter 17

AI2524 Frame Relay Configuration Steps

This chapter describes how to enable frame relay encapsulation and perform a variety of Frame Relay configuration tasks.

T1 Inter face Configuration Steps

This chapter describes how to configure th AI2524 for fractional T1.

56/64-kb ps Switched and Dig i tal Data Services (D DS) I nterface Config uration Steps

This chapter describes how to configure switched and DDS interfaces.

Basic Configuration

This chapter describes the AI2524’ s panel, cable connections, and firmware.

Comman d Refe renc es

This chapter contains a link to the AI2524/ Cisco IOS v. 11.2 documentation CD.

Page 1-2 August 1997

2524UM

Chapter 1: Introduction

Contact Information

To regist er doc umentation, contact Appl i ed Innovation Inc. at:

Applied Innovation Inc. Publications Dept. 5800 Innovation Dr. Dublin, OH 43216-3271

Phone (614) 798-2000

(800) 247-9482 F AX (614) 798-1770 Email aidoc@aiinet.com

Manual

http://www.aiinet.com

Click on th e Docum e nt ation o pti on . These add itional ema il contacts are also available:

National Sales Department sales@aiinet.com Custom er Service Depa rt me nt cssupport@ ai in et.com Market ing Depart ment info@aiinet.com

are available on the Applied Innovation web site at:

AI198 CLC User’s

Human Resources Department hr@aiinet.com Technical Support Depar t ment techsupp@aiinet.com Investment Relations invest@aiinet.com Feedback for Engineering (R&D) feedback@aiinet.com About SNMP snmp@aiinet.com Webmaster webmaster@aiinet.com Documentation Department aidoc@aiinet.com

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Text Conventions

Important conc ep ts th r ou ghout th is manual are emphasized with these special text styles:

[Buttons] Function buttons that appear on a screen ar

shown in regular body text and enclosed in square brackets. For example:

[Close] [Send]

Commands

Variable Arguments

In command lines, type text that appears in this style exac tly as shown:

avdumpdb

BNC OFF

Press the <Ret ur n> or <Enter > ke y af ter all commands.

Variable argum ents are text that you specify. They are shown in italics. For example:

avaccess

switch_name

In this case, “switch_name” is variable text. To enter the command, type

avaccess

and then the ac tual name of the switch.

... Ellipses (...) signify that the preceding argu-

ment can be repeated a number of times. For example:

filename...

means that you would typ by one or more filenames.

cat

followed

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AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

[Optional Arguments]

{argument| argument}

Some arguments are optional. This means that you have the choice of including them or not. Optiona l arguments are s hown enclosed in squar e brac ke t s, w hi ch are no t enter ed. For example:

avrestore [

mea ns that you type

avrest or e

and (if you need to include a directory) type the actual path name.

CFGMSG n, [DEFAULT]

means that you type message number, a comma, and (optionally) the word

Arguments between braces are grouped into one unit. The vertica l bar signifi es th at either the first or second argument can be used. The braces and vertical bar are not entered. For example:

DEFAULT

direct ory

CFGMSG

without brackets.

]

followed by

ls {

file

direct or y

means that you would type either a file or a directory name.

<Keys> Keyboard controls are shown in this style.

Angle brackets dep ict keys that do not appear on the screen when pressed, such as the <tab> or <return> keys. Keys used in combination are connected with a dash. For example, to enter:

<ALT-SysRq> hold down the Alt key while y ou press th

SysRq ke y.

}

followed by

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Labels

Menu | Submenu

Screen outpu t

Labels are used in diagrams to designat physical components such as jumper s traps, switches, and cable connectors. For example:

COM1 BOOT1

If the physical compo nent being described is part of the text, it appears as regular type:

To reset the COM1 port connector, press th BOOT switch.

Menu selections are shown in bold text. The bar separates the main menu from submenus. For example:

File | Exit

indicates t ha t you should sele ct the File menu, and then select the Exit menu item.

Screen shots, system prompts, and error messages displayed on the screen are shown in this style:

Warning:

+CONFIG POR T,LPORT=40,H PORT=47, BITS=8 +CONFIG POR T,LPORT=48,H PORT=49, BITS=7 +CONFIG POR T,LPORT=50,B ITS=8$07 78

Warning messages indicate critical information required for your safe ty or for correct system operation. For example:

Warning : Failure to h ee d t his i m portant

text could cause damage or unreliable results.

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AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Page 1-8 August 1997

2524UM

Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview

Introduction

This chapter describes the Cisco IOS software features and the AI2524 hardware specifications. The AI2524 multi-protocol router adds the Cisco Internetworking Operating System (IOSTM) routing software to the NEBS compliant AISwitch 180 Series. The AI2524 adds leading edge routing capabilities through TCP/IP and OSI networks to the AI 180 Switch protocol conversion and data port concentration capabilities.

The AI2524 is designed for reliable connectivity to a Wide-Area Network (WAN). It can provide WAN/DCN connections to centralized operations support sys t ems from central office based LAN/LCN or X.25 networks.

The AI2524 has one Ethernet LAN interface with both a backplane (IRB) port and a 10B a se T p o rt on t he fr ont pa nel. The backplane port provides connections to a large number of interfaces and protocols through a variety of AISwitch interface modules.

The base module accepts two serial interface modules in any combination. The three available modules are:

T1 CSU/DSU

The AI2524-T1 module is an integrated CSU/DSU that supports full or fractiona l T 1 l ea se d lin e services. I t may be remote l y managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

Four Wires 56K CSU/DSU

The AI2524-4W56 module is an integrated CSU/DSU that supports 4-wire 56k leased line or switched services. It may be remotely managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

5-IN-1 Serial Cable Interface

The AI2524-5N1 module provides a cable interface to a synchronous serial line. I t support s full and half duplex operations up to 2.048 MHz, full duplex. Dependent upon the interface, DTE/DCE and NRZ/NRZ1 operations are available. Ca b les are avail able for the these i nte rfaces:

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RS-232 DTE or DCE, EIA-530 DTE, RS-44 9 DTE or DCE , OR V.35, DTE or DCE, up to E1 speeds.

Software Features and Functions

The AI 2524 incorpo rates Cisco IOS software. Thi s software provides:

Scalability

Reliable, Ad a pti ve Routing

Remote Access and Protocol Translation

Management and Security

Scalability

The Cisco IOS software uses scalable routing protocols to avoid needless congestion, overcome inherent protocol limitations, and bypass many of the obstacles that result from the complex scope and geographical d i spe r s ion o f a n internetwork.

The Cisco IOS software eliminates the need for static routes and reduces network costs by efficiently using network bandwidth and resources. Advanced features such as route filtering, protocol termination and translation, smart broadcasts, and helper address services combine to create a flexibl e, scalable infrastruc ture that can keep pace with evo l ving network requirements.

Reliable, Adaptive Routing

The AI2524 Cisco IO S so ft w are id en t if ie s the best netw ork paths and routes traffic around network failures. Policy-based features such as route filtering and route redistribution save network resources by preventing data from being broad cast to nodes that do not need it. Priority output queuing and custom queuing grant priority to important sessions when network bandwidth is scarce. Load balancing uses every available path across the internetwork to preserve bandwidth and improve network performan ce. The Cisco IOS software al so provides the most effective and efficient scaling av ail a ble f or ne tw ork applications that require transparent or source- ro ut e bridging algorithms.

Remote Access and Protocol Translation

Your router connects terminals, modems, microcomputers, and networks over serial lines to LANs or Wide-Area Networks (WANs). It

Page 2-2 August 1997

AI2524UM

Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview

also provides network access to terminals, printers, workstations, and other networks.

On LANs, terminal services support Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) on UNIX machines with Telnet and rlogin connections. You can use the router to make connections between hosts and resources running different protocols, including router and access server connections to X.25 machines using X.25 Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD).

The Cisco IOS software supports three types of server operation:

Remote Node Services

Connect devices over a telephone network Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP), compressed SLIP (CSLIP), Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), and X-Windows terminal protocol. See

Figure 2-

Terminal Service Connect asynchronous devices to a LAN or

WAN thro ugh ne two rk and terminal-emulation software including Telnet and rlogin,.

Protocol Translation Services

Convert one virtual terminal protocol into another protocol. See Figure 2-1

August 1997 Page 2-3 AI2524UM

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Figure 2-1:Remote Access Functionality

Figure 2-1 illustrates the functions available on access servers:

Remote node service is demons tr at ed b y th e tel ecommuter’s (re-

mote) PC connection running SLIP, PPP, CSLIP, or XRemote Terminal service is shown between the terminals and hosts run

ning the same protocol (LAT-to-LAT or TCP-to-TCP) Protocol translation is shown between the terminals and hosts run-

ning unlike protocols (LAT-to-TCP or TCP-to-LAT) Asynchronous IP routing is shown by the PC running SLIP or

PPP, and b et ween the two ac cess servers.

Page 2-4 August 1997

AI2524UM

Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview

Management and Security

The Cisco IOS software provides an array of network management and security capabilities. Integrated management simplifies administrative procedures and shortens the time required to diagnose and fix problems. Automated operations reduce hands-on tasks and make it possible to manage larg e, geographically dispers ed internetworks with a small staff of experts located at a central site.

The Ci sc o IOS so ftw are p rov ides several management features including configuration services, which lower the cost of installing, upgrading, reconfiguring ro uters , an d reconfiguring access se rvers , as well as comprehensive monitoring and diagnostic services. In addition, the Cisco IOS software provides information and services for router management applications.

Management services are matched by their security capabilities. Th Cisco IOS software includes a diverse tool kit for partitioning resources and prohibiti ng access to sens itive or confident ial infor mation and processes. Multidimensional filters prevent users from knowing that othe r users or resources are on the network. Encrypted passwo rds, dial-in authentication, multilevel configuration permissions, network data encryption, and accounting and logging features provide protection from and informa tion about unauthorized ac ce ss at temp ts and data eavesdropping attemp t s .

Software Specifications

Supported Media

The AI2524 supports these industry-standard networking media:

Channelized T1

Ethernet: IEEE 802.3 and Type I

Fiber Distributed Data Inter f ac e (FDDI ) : sin gl e and dual mode

High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI): supports T1

Synchronous serial: V.35, RS-232, RS-449, and RS-530

Supported Network Protocols

The Cisco IOS software supports many networking protocols, as well as their associated routing protocols. These protocols are based on both ope n s ta nda r ds and proprietary protocol s from a vari ety of vendors.

The Cisco IOS software can receive and forward packets concurrently from any of t he se combinations:

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AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

WAN protocols

Frame Relay

High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC)

PPP

X.25 a

Network protocols

OSI Connectionless Network Services (CLNS) and Connection

Mode Network Services (CMNS)

IP Routing Protocols

The Cisco IOS software supports IP routing protocols, including interior gateway protocols and exterior gateway protocols.

Interior Gateway Protocols

Internet Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)

Enhanced IGRP

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and RIP Version 2

Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS

Exterior Gateway Protocols

Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)

Router Discovery Protocols

ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP)

Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP)

Page 2-6 August 1997

AI2524UM

Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview

Connections

External Connection Requirements

The AI2524 provides LAN and WAN access in a modular router platform. The router includes an Ethernet (AUI or 10BaseT) LAN connection, and accommodates two synchronous serial modules.

The synchronous serial WAN m od ules include these external connectors:

Four-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module with an RJ-48S

connector Fractiona l T1/T1 DSU/CSU WAN modul e with an RJ-48C con-

nector Five-in-one s ynchrono us serial WAN module with a DB-6 0 serial

connector. The five-in-one synchronous serial interface supports the following signaling standards: EIA/TIA-232, EIA/TIA-449, V.35, X.2 1, a nd EIA-530

August 1997 Page 2-7 AI2524UM

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual

Page 2-8 August 1997

AI2524UM

+ 388 hidden pages

AIS AI2524 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Chapter 1: Introduction

Documentation Overview

Related Documentation

Contact Information

Text Conventions

Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview

Introduction

T1 CSU/DSU

Four Wires 56K CSU/DSU

5-IN-1 Serial Cable Interface

Software Features and Functions

Scalability

Reliable, Ad a pti ve Routing

Remote Access and Protocol Translation

Management and Security

Software Specifications

Supported Media

Supported Network Protocols

Connections

External Connection Requirements