How it Works
Aim TTi
Loading...
PSA2702
INSTRUCTION MANUAL [it]
22 pgs490.73 Kb0
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
67 pgs3.1 Mb0
INSTRUCTION MANUAL [es]
23 pgs493.46 Kb0
INSTRUCTION MANUAL [de]
23 pgs495.83 Kb0
INSTRUCTION MANUAL [fr]
22 pgs493.45 Kb0
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
20 pgs518.46 Kb0
Table of contents
Loading...

Aim TTi PSA2702, PSA1302 INSTRUCTION MANUAL

PSA2702 & PSA1302
2.7GHz & 1.3GHz Spectrum Analyzers
CONTENTS
1 Product Introduction .................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Items Supplied ......................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Using this Manual - Cross References .................................................................... 5
1.3 Product Description and Capabilities ....................................................................... 5
1.4 Initial Use - Charging the Battery | Switching On ..................................................... 6
1.4.1 Setting the Date and Tim e ...................................................................................... 6
2 Basics of Operation ..................................................................................................... 7
2.1 External Connections ............................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 DC Power Input ...................................................................................................... 7
2.1.2 RF Signal Input ...................................................................................................... 7
2.1.3 Demodulated Audio Output .................................................................................... 7
2.1.4 USB Host Connector (for USB Flash Memory) ....................................................... 8
2.1.5 USB Device Connector (for connection to a PC) .................................................... 8
2.1.6 Trigger Input/Output ............................................................................................... 8
2.2 Bench-top and Portable Use .................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Tilt Stand ................................................................................................................ 8
2.2.2 Screen Protector and Sun Shield ........................................................................... 8
2.3 Batteries and AC Line Power ................................................................................... 9
2.3.1 Battery Operation ................................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 AC Line Operation .................................................................................................. 9
2.3.3 Power Saving for Battery Operation ....................................................................... 9
2.4 Display and Controls Layout .................................................................................. 10
2.5 Touch Screen Operati on ........................................................................................ 11
2.5.1 Finger Tip Operation ............................................................................................ 11
2.5.2 Stylus Operation ................................................................................................... 11
2.5.3 Operation using only the Hard Keys ..................................................................... 11
2.5.4 Navigator Keys - Mode Selection ......................................................................... 11
2.6 Instrument Status Information ................................................................................ 11
2.7 On-screen Help ...................................................................................................... 11
3 Quick Start Guide ....................................................................................................... 12
4 Operation using the Menu System ........................................................................... 13
4.1 Setting the Frequency Range of the Sweep .......................................................... 13
4.1.1 Centre .................................................................................................................. 14
4.1.2 Span ..................................................................................................................... 14
4.1.3 Start/Stop ............................................................................................................. 15
4.1.4 Step Size .............................................................................................................. 15
4.1.5 Frequency Presets ............................................................................................... 16
4.2 Sweep Time ........................................................................................................... 16
4.3 Zero Span Mode (Demodulation Mode) ................................................................. 16
4.4 Setting the Sweep Mode and Sweep Bandwidth (RBW) ....................................... 17
4.4.1 RBW ..................................................................................................................... 17
4.4.2 Video Filter ........................................................................................................... 17
4.4.3 Sweep .................................................................................................................. 17
4.5 Setting the Level Attenuator, Amplitude Scale, and Limits .................................... 19
4.5.1 Measurement Units and Gr aticule ........................................................................ 19
4.5.2 Reference Level ................................................................................................... 19
Page 1
4.5.3
Vertical Scaling ..................................................................................................... 20
4.5.4 Amplitude Offset and Compensation Tables (when fitted) .................................... 20
4.5.5 Amplitude Limits ( when fitted) ............................................................................... 20
4.5.6 Overload Indication ............................................................................................... 21
4.6 Controlling and Storing Traces and Images ........................................................... 22
4.6.1 Displaying Traces; Controlling the View Trace ..................................................... 22
4.6.2 Sweep Progress Indicator Li ne ............................................................................. 23
4.6.3 Setting the Trace W rit ing Mode ............................................................................ 23
4.6.4 Storing and Recalling Trac es and Screen Images ................................................ 24
4.7 Using Measurement Markers ................................................................................. 25
4.7.1 Setting-up Markers ............................................................................................... 25
4.7.2 Controlling Markers .............................................................................................. 26
4.8 Data Logging Functions (when fitted) ..................................................................... 28
4.8.1 Setting-up the Logging Func tion ........................................................................... 28
4.9 Storing and Recalling Set-ups | System Settings ................................................... 29
4.9.1 Storing and Recalling Instrument Setups .............................................................. 29
4.9.2 System Settings, Screen B r i ghtness, Filing System and USB Operations ............ 29
4.10 Status Information | On-screen Help | System Utilities ........................................ 30
4.10.1 Status Display ...................................................................................................... 30
4.10.2 Help Screens ........................................................................................................ 30
4.10.3 System Utilities ..................................................................................................... 30
4.11 Using Instrument Presets | Automatic Setting ..................................................... 32
4.11.1 The User Preset ................................................................................................... 32
4.11.2 Custom Presets (when fit ted) ............................................................................... 32
5 File Storage for Traces, Screen Images & Set-ups .................................................. 33
5.1 Storing Traces or Screens ...................................................................................... 33
5.2 Recalling Traces and Images ................................................................................. 34
5.2.1 Traces and States ................................................................................................ 34
5.3 Storing Instrument Set-up Files .............................................................................. 35
5.4 File Recall Screen .................................................................................................. 35
5.5 File Utilities Screen ................................................................................................. 36
5.6 File Operations Screen ........................................................................................... 36
5.6.1 Editing File Names ............................................................................................... 37
5.6.2 File Names Created or Renamed Externally ........................................................ 37
6 Upgrade Option U01 ................................................................................................... 38
6.1 Additional Functions from Option U01 .................................................................... 38
6.1.1 Logging of Values, Traces or S creens .................................................................. 38
6.1.2 Triggering ............................................................................................................. 38
6.1.3 Limit Lines, Limit Pat terns & Channel Markers ..................................................... 38
6.1.4 Level Offsets ........................................................................................................ 38
Page 2
6.1.5
Compensation Tables .......................................................................................... 38
6.1.6 Custom Presets .................................................................................................... 38
6.1.7 View on PC .......................................................................................................... 38
6.1.8 PSA-Manager Software ........................................................................................ 39
7 Further Notes on Operation....................................................................................... 40
7.1 Signal Overload Levels and Indication ................................................................... 40
7.2 Operation using the Hard Keys Only ..................................................................... 40
7.3 Setting Frequencies ............................................................................................... 41
7.3.1 Set by Keypad ...................................................................................................... 41
7.3.2 Set by Tab/Jog ..................................................................................................... 41
7.3.3 Shortcuts to setting a Specific Frequency Span ................................................... 41
7.3.4 Repetitive Operations ........................................................................................... 42
7.3.5 Using Custom Presets (when fitted) ..................................................................... 42
7.3.6 Creating Channel Mark er s (when fitted) ............................................................... 43
7.4 Measuring Relative Amplitude ............................................................................... 43
7.5 Triggered Operation ............................................................................................... 44
7.5.1 External Trigger Input ........................................................................................... 44
7.5.2 Trigger Output ...................................................................................................... 44
7.6 Level Offset and Compensation Tables ................................................................. 44
7.6.1 Dynamic Range and Maxim um Signal ................................................................. 44
7.6.2 Creating and using Compensation Tables ............................................................ 44
7.7 Limit Lines & the Limits Comparator | Creating Limit Patterns ............................... 45
7.7.1 Setting Limits ........................................................................................................ 45
7.7.2 The Limit Comparator ........................................................................................... 45
7.7.3 Creating and Loading Limit Patterns .................................................................... 46
7.7.4 Limit Offset ........................................................................................................... 46
7.7.5 Limit Fix/Unfix ....................................................................................................... 46
7.7.6 Creating and Loading Channel Markers ............................................................... 46
7.8 The Logging Function ............................................................................................ 47
7.8.1 The Logging Control Menu ................................................................................... 47
7.8.2 Manual Logging .................................................................................................... 48
7.8.3 Logging from the Tim er ........................................................................................ 48
7.8.4 Logging from External Tr i gger .............................................................................. 48
7.8.5 Logging from Amplitude Limits ............................................................................. 48
7.8.6 Logging Every Sweep (Continuous) ..................................................................... 49
7.8.7 File Sizes and Maximum Logging Times .............................................................. 49
7.8.8 Viewing and Analyzing Logging Files ................................................................... 49
8 USB Connections | File System & Files Types ........................................................ 50
8.1.1 Understanding USB Connect ions ......................................................................... 50
8.1.2 Using an External Flash Drive .............................................................................. 50
8.1.3 Linking to a PC via USB ....................................................................................... 51
8.2 File System and File Types.................................................................................... 51
8.2.1 Internal Filing System Organisation ...................................................................... 51
8.2.2 File Types............................................................................................................. 52
8.2.3 Trace Files ........................................................................................................... 52
8.2.4 Screen Image Files .............................................................................................. 52
8.2.5 Setup Files ........................................................................................................... 52
8.2.6 Other File Types ................................................................................................... 53
Page 3
8.2.6.3
Logging Files ................................................................................................. 53
9 Default Settings | Power On State | Hard Reset ....................................................... 54
9.1 Restoring to Factory Defaults ................................................................................. 54
9.2 Standard Preset ..................................................................................................... 54
9.3 Unrecoverable Fault Condition - Hard Reset .......................................................... 54
9.4 Power-On State ...................................................................................................... 55
10 Firmware Updates | Upgrades | Maintenance ....................................................... 55
10.1 Updating the Firmware ........................................................................................ 55
10.2 Upgrading the Firmware (Option U01) ................................................................ 55
10.3 Maintenance, Re-calibration & Cleaning ............................................................. 55
10.4 Battery Replacement ........................................................................................... 55
11 Safety Information ................................................................................................... 56
12 Specification ............................................................................................................ 57
12.1.1 Frequency Measurement ...................................................................................... 57
12.1.2 Amplitude Measurement (Level) ........................................................................... 57
12.1.3 Sweep and Traces ................................................................................................ 58
12.1.4 Memory Storage and Data Logging ...................................................................... 59
12.1.5 Connectors and Displa y ....................................................................................... 59
12.1.6 Power Requirements ............................................................................................ 60
12.1.7 Mechanical, Environmental and Safety ................................................................. 60
13 Appendix A: Optional Accessories ....................................................................... 61
14 Appendix B: PSA-Manager and PSA-View Software ........................................... 61
15 Appendix C: Factory Default Settings .................................................................. 63
16 Appendix D: Menu Tree Diagram .......................................................................... 64
Page 4

1 Product Introduction

1.1 Items Supplied

Portable Spectrum Analyzer (PSA1302 or PSA2702) wi t h removable stylus and detachable
bench-stand/screen-protector.
Spare stylus duplicates the stylus fitted into the instrument. USB lead Mini B plug to standard A plug. Trigger input converter plug 3.5mm jack to BNC socket. AC line power-supply/charger Universal voltage with interc hangeable country spec i fic plugs. Short Guide (English, French, German, Italian and Spanish). Full instruction manual ( E ngl is h only). Support CD Containing hyper-linked PDF versions of the printed manuals, plus support files.

1.2 Using this Manual - Cross References

This manual covers both t he PSA2702 and PSA1302 spectrum analyzers. Within the t ext they may be referred to jointly as PSAxx02 or PSA Series 2. T he manual is also provided as a PDF file on the accompanying CD. The manual includes many cross references which are sho wn as follows - see section X.X. The Table of Contents is also fully hyperlinked.
Within a PDF file, the shaded number is a hyperlink to that s ec tion number which enables the user to jump rapidly to the sect i on r eferred to and then jum p back to continue reading the original section. (N.B . for hyperlink navigation within Acrobat Reader, enable “ s how all page navigation tools” or use the keyboard shortcuts Alt+Right_Arrow and Alt+Left_Arrow).

1.3 Product Description and Capabilitie s

The PSA2702 and PSA1302 ar e fully portable RF spectrum analyzers that incorporate a high resolution colour TFT touch screen. They are sufficiently small and lightweight to be operated as true handheld instruments and have a battery life of more than 8 hours from each charge.
As bench instruments they can be powered by the supplied ac-line adaptor/charger. T hey can be set horizontally or vertically, or at an angle of about 40 degr ees using the built-in til t stand. For field use, the stand can be moved to the top of the instrument to form a screen protector and sun shield.
The frequency range is 1MHz to 2700MHz (PSA2702) or 1MHz to 1300MH z (PSA1302). The span can be set between 0.270 MHz and 2699.000 MHz or 1299.000 MHz respectively with a setting resolution of 1kHz. Start, stop or centre frequencies can be se t to the same resolution. The resolution bandwidth (RBW) is selectable as 1MHz, 280k Hz or 15kHz.
The on-screen amplitude r ange is 85 dB with a reference level of -20dBm or 0dBm. Amplitudes can alternatively be dis played in dBµV. Vertical magnification down to 1dB/di v can be s elec ted. Average noise floor is better than -95dBm at -20dBm reference level and 15 kHz RBW (video filter on).
Sweeps can be repeating or single s hot, and the trace can be normal (over-write), peak hold or average (2 to 48 sweeps). A zero span mode is available with AM or FM audio demodulation via a built-in speaker.
Twin vertical marker lines are available giving a readout of frequency and ampl itude together with difference values. Markers can be manually positioned or automaticall y peak finding or tracking.
A reference trace and a view trac e c an be displayed in addition to t he live trace. Up to 999 traces can be stored to permanent memory for recall to the sc reen or for data export. 999
Page 5
instrument set-ups and 999 complete screen bitmaps can also be stored. All fil es c an be gi v en user defined names.
USB interfaces are provided for direct file transfer t o a P C or for connection of a USB Flash drive.
Extensive convenience features for repetitive oper ation include auto-set, frequency presets, and storage of the instrument state together with the tr ace file for simultaneous or independent recall.
Pressing the Status/Help hard key brings up a full status screen and access to help sc r eens relevant to the current menu position.
An optional upgrade package ( r etro installable) provides additional features i nc luding data logging, sweep triggering, limit patterns, and compensation tables - see s ec tion 6.
More details of the product capabilities are given in the S pec ifications - section 14.

1.4 Initial Use - Charging the Battery | Switchi ng O n

As supplied, the internal battery is likely to be partly or fully discharged. At fir s t us e, the instrument should therefore be plugged into the char ger until the lamp next to the char ge s ocket stops flashing, which could take up to three hours - see section 2.1.1. The instrument can still be used during this period.
The instrument is turned on or off by pressing the sm all round key marked Power for about one second. When turning on, t he s creen backlight will flash briefly to indicate that the key press has been recognised, there is then a short delay prior to operat ion starting.
If the battery is too f ar dischar ged to allow operation, the instrument will turn of f again and a second short beep will be sounded.
1.4.1 Setting the Date and Time
The instrument contai ns a r eal -time clock that is used for time stamping of files. As supplied the date and/or time may be incorrect.
Date and time can be checked from page 4 of the Status screens, or can be checked and altered from Setup/Functions > System/File Ops > S ystem Utilities > Power/Clock.
Note that the date format is DD -MM-YY and the time format is 24 hour .
Page 6

2 Basics of Operation

2.1 External Connections

2.1.1 DC Power Input
DC power to operate and/or r ec harge the instrument is connected via a 1.3mm power socket mounted on the right hand side of the instrument.
Use ONLY the power-supply/charger provided by Aim-TTi with the unit. Use of any other power source will void the warranty.
The red lamp next to the socket flashes whilst charging is taking place and becom es continuous once charging is complete.
2.1.2 RF Signal Input
The signal to be measured is connected via a standard SMA connector mounted at the top of the instrument. The input impedance is 50 Ohms. The maximum useable signal input is 0dBm or +107 dBuV. The absolute maximum signal input level is +20dBm or +127dBuV of RF power (approximately
2.2 volts RMS), or 50V DC. Applying a signal above this level could damage the unit and s uc h damage would not
be covered by the product warranty.
2.1.3 Demodulated Audio Output
Demodulated audio (when in Z er o Span Mode) is available via the built-in speaker, with the volume level adjustable from within the applicat ion. The signal is also provided via a 3.5mm stereo jack socket m ounted at the top of the instrument. Maximum power output is 30 milliwatts into 32 Ohms.
The signal is mono but connection can be made using either a mono or stereo plug. In the latter case the signal will be pr es ent on both channels. Connecting the jack plug automatically disconnects the internal speaker.
Page 7
2.1.4 USB Host Connector (for USB Flash Memory)
A standard USB type A connector is provided on the left hand side of the instrument which is revealed by moving the sliding cov er towards the top of the instrum ent. This i s intended exclusively for the connection of a USB Flash m em ory stick. See section 8.1.2 for full information.
2.1.5 USB Device Connector (for connection to a PC)
A USB type mini-B connector is pr ov i ded on the left hand side of the instrument which is rev eal ed by moving the sliding cover t owards the base of the instrument. This is intended exclusively f or connection to a personal computer. S ee section 8.1.3 for full information.
2.1.6 Trigger Input/Output
A 3.5mm mono jack socket is m ounted at the top of the instrum ent f or trigger signals. This has no function unless option U01 is fitted - see section 6.1.2. An adaptor is provided that con verts from the jack socket to a standard BNC connector.

2.2 Bench-top and Portable Use

The instrument is int ended for both hand-held and bench-top applications. It has rubber feet for horizontal or vertical use, or can be angled using the tilt s tand.
2.2.1 Tilt Stand
The instrument is supplied with the tilt stand folded away and magnetically l atched at the bottom of the instrument. It can be hinged outwards to tilt the unit at an angle of about 40 degrees.
2.2.2 Screen Protector and Sun Shield
To protect the screen when in transit, the tilt stand can be detached from the bott om of the instrument and re­attached on the top to act as a s c r een protector.
The stand is removed by f lexing it outwards at the hinged end until the lugs dis engage from the sockets.
For outdoors use, the screen protector can be hinged upwards to form a sun shield which improves the screen visibil ity in direct sunlight.
When not required, it can be detached and stowed away on the back of the instrument where it functions as a tilt stand .
Page 8

2.3 Batteries and AC Line Power

2.3.1 Battery Operation
The instruments operates from an internal Lithium-ion rechargeable batter y which can provide more than 8 hours of continuous o per ation (screen brightness dependent).
The battery condition is indicated on the display via a multi-segment battery symbol. When it changes colour to yellow, expected battery life has fallen below 1 hour. When it turns red, expected battery lif e has fallen below 20 minutes, and the analyzer should be recharge d.
The approximate battery life remaining is also displayed in hours and minutes within t he S tatus information screens.
The battery is charged from the supplied 5V/2A charger which can recharge a fully discharged battery in under 3 hours.
When the battery is being charged, the red lamp next to the charging socket flashes. When charging is complete, flashing ceases but the lamp remai ns il luminated while the charger is connected.
It is also possible to slow charge the instrument fr om the USB port of a personal comput er provided that the instrument is turned off. Charge tim e may be up to 10 hours. Connection to the PC must be made from the mini USB “device” port of the instr ument using the supplied cable. It is not possible to oper ate the instrument fr om U S B power.
2.3.2 AC Line Operation
For bench-top operation, the instrument can be operated continuously from the suppl ied ac-line operated charger. The inter nal power management c ir cuitry ensures that the batt er y cannot be overcharged.
2.3.3 Power Saving for Battery Operation
The battery life of the ins trument is affected by the screen brightness which can be adjusted over a wide range (see sect ion 4.9.2). Setting the brightness to maximum, for exampl e, will reduce battery life by up to 2 hours relative to the norm al setting (40%).
To conserve the battery t he i ns trument should be turned off when not in use. In addition, A uto­Off mode can be selected whereby the unit turns off automatically after a defined period from the last key press. The period can be set between 5 and 60 minutes - see section 4.10.3.2. Auto-Off is automati c all y disabled when external power is connected, and when data-loggi ng is enabled. All data is retaine d when the instrument is off .
A short beep is sounded when the inst r ument turns off.
Page 9

2.4 Display and Controls Layout

Fig. 1
Page 10

2.5 Touch Screen Operation

The normal mode of operation of the spectrum analyzer is by using the touch-screen keys within the display supplemented, when required, by the har d k eys below.
The touch screen keys are normally operated by pressing with the finger or thumb, but can alternatively be operate d us i ng the supplied stylus.
2.5.1 Finger Tip Operation
The touch screen is a resistive single-touch type (rather than the capacitive multi-touch type used on many smart phones).
It can be operated by pressing the key area firmly with the soft part of the finger or thumb. However, for greater positional accuracy it can also be operated by pressing gently with the finger nail.
When a key is depressed, its colour changes from blue to purple. The key action is performed when the key is released.
2.5.2 Stylus Operation
Some users may prefer to use a s tylus to operate the touch scr een. The supplied stylus has a soft point. Sharply pointed objects should never be used to operate the screen as they could cause damage.
The stylus should be replaced into its mounting slot at the base of the instrument to prevent it being mislaid. The st ylus des ign is compatible with those us ed with the Nintendo DS handheld games console, and spares are widely available.
2.5.3 Operation using only the Hard Keys
It is also possible to use the spectrum analyzer without t ouc hi ng the screen at all, by using the five “navigator” hard keys t o oper ate each of the touch screen functions. See section 7.2 for a full explanation of thi s mode of operation.
2.5.4 Navigator Keys - Mode Selection
The five hard keys that mak e up the Navigator have two alternative modes of operation which are selected by the small illuminated keys on either side.
The modes are: Control Markers (default) - see section 4.7.2.1, and Navigate Screen - see section 7.2.
Whenever the navigator mode is changed, an information box appears explaining the c ur rent action of the navigator keys. If preferred this can be turned of f - see section 4.10.3.3.

2.6 Instrument Status Information

The most important elements of the instrument status ar e di s played at the top of the screen (see Fig. 1 in section 2.4). Further status information r el eva nt to the current menu functi on is shown directly above the k ey area.
In addition, the full status of the instrument can be displayed at any time by pressing the hard key marked Status/Help - see section 4.10.1.

2.7 On-screen Help

The instrument incorpor ates extensive help information to assist the user. Help is ac cessed by pressing the hard key marked S tatus/Help - see secti on 4.10.2.
Page 11

3 Quick Start Guide

It is recommended that all users, including those fully familiar with RF spectrum analyzers, take a little time to read through t his i ns truction manual before us ing the instrument. However, for users who wish to get started with hands-on operat i on as quickly as possible, t he following may prove useful.
1. Press and hold the Power key until the screen backlight fl as hes. Wait a few seconds and then check the battery condit ion indicator on the display. If it shows less than ¼ full the instrument should be connected to its charger.
2. Connect the signal to be meas ur ed to the SMA connector at the top of the instrument. The maximum all owable signal without damage is +20dBm (+127dBuV or 2.2V rms). The maximum measurable signal is +0dBm (+ 107dBuV or 223mV rms). If ther e i s a possibility of the signal exceeding these levels, add suitable in-line attenuation.
3. Ensure that the Navigator keys are set to Control Markers (ke y illuminated green). If not press the round key marked Control Markers. This also selects touch-screen key control.
4. Press the hard key marked P r esets (Auto-Set). Select Auto Set and press Execute. The instrument will perform a full span sweep (1MHz to 2699/1299MHz) at 0dBm reference
level and find the highest level within the sweep. It will then p erform further sweeps at nar r ower spans and, where appropriat e, -20dBm reference level.
During this time a red backgr ound message of Status: SC A NN ING with be displayed. When finished the message will become Status: COMPLETE.
When Auto Set has completed, the analyzer should be set with a fairly narrow span (typicall y 10MHz) centred on the signal with the M1 marker at the centre frequency and in Peak-find mode (indicated by an upwards arrow prior to the M1 readout). RBW will be set to Auto.
5. Press Exit to return to the m ai n m enu. The M2 marker can be turned on from the hard key marked Control Markers. Markers are
moved using the Navigator har d k eys – Left/Right moves the markers, Up sets peak-find mode where the selected marker jumps to peaks within the trac e, Down sets scroll mode where the marker moves across the screen in one pixel steps (1/270 under control is selected by the centre key (M1/M2) and indicat ed by an arrow before the marker readout.
From the main menu adjustments can be made to centre frequenc y a nd span (or start and stop), sweep mode, detector type, RBW and VBW, refer enc e l evel, displayed traces and markers.
The menu system is hierarchical with each top-line ke y selec ting a set of five second-line sub-menu keys. Each of these pr ovides access to a set of keys on the bot tom line that perform the actual functions.
Context sensitive help for each sub-menu group can be accessed by pressing the hard key marked “Status (Help)” f ol lowed, if not already selected, by Context Help. This provides sufficient inform ation to understand the principle s of operation.
th
of the span). The marker currently
Page 12

4 Operation using the Menu System

Freq/ Span
Sweep/
BW
Level/ Limits
Traces/
Markers
Setup/
Functions
Centre
Span
Start/
Stop
Step Size
Freq
Presets
Freq/ Span
The default menu system for the spectrum analyzer consists of three rows of five keys. The upper row represents the top level of the menu system and defines five “menu groups” as follows:
enables the frequency range of sweep to be set in terms of start and stop frequencies or centre frequency plus span, as well as zero span demodulation.
enables control of the sweep an d bandwidth filtering for the sweep. Controls are provided for RBW and VBW settings , sweep mode, sweep time, sweep c ontrol and detector type selection. When option U01 is fitted, it also controls sweep triggering.
enables the reference level to be changed, the amplitude unit s to be changed, and the vertical scaling to be altered. When option U01 is fitted, it also enables the setup and control of limit lines and patterns, and the application of external off s ets
and compensation tables.
provides control of the dis play traces including t r ac e processing modes, along with the storage function f or both traces and screen images. Also provides setup and control of the measurement markers.
provides access to the stor age of instrument setups and access to system utilities and setting of the frequency counter gate time. When option U01 is fitted, it als o provides access to automatic logging functions.
Each group has up to five “sub-groups” which appear on the middle row of keys. The currentl y selected group and sub-group is s hown by the relevant key being dark blue.
The bottom row of keys represent the “functions” that can be performed for each of the many sub-groups. These keys may perform an immediate action, or bring up a pop-up menu, or create a special control sc r een for numeric entry or file operat i ons.
See Appendix D, section 18, for a graphical summary of the menu tree.

4.1 Setting the Frequency Range of the Sweep

This menu group controls t he frequency range for the curr ent sweep of the spectrum analy zer.
The range can be set in terms of eit her a centre frequency plus a span width, or in terms of a start frequency and a stop frequency.
Pressing Centre or Span will cause the frequency range to be displ ayed at the top of the screen in terms of a centre frequenc y and a span. Pressing Start/S top will cause it to be displayed in terms of a start frequency and a stop frequency.
The lowest start frequenc y is 1MHz. The highest stop fr equenc y is 2700MHz or 1300MHz. The minimum span width is 0.270MHz which results in minimum and maximum centre frequencies of 1.270MHz and 2699.730MHz or 1299.730MHz respectively.
Page 13
4.1.1 Centre
Centre
Set
Centre
Set
C=M1
Set
C=Pk
Step
Down
Step
Up
Span
Set
Span
Set to
Mdelta
Zoom
Out
Zoom
In
Zero
Span
controls the centre f requency for the sweep. Also sets t he annotation to Centre/Span if it was previous ly Start/Stop. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
enables the centre fr equenc y t o be s et to a specific value. The menu keys are replaced by a numeric keyboard from which a centre frequenc y can be entered in MHz to a resolution of 0.001 (1kHz).
Press OK to activate the new frequency without leaving the screen or O K & Exit to return to the Centre menu. Once a new frequency has been set from this screen, the Previous key can be used to return to the previous frequency and then toggle between the two.
Pressing Set by Tab/Jog selects an alter native setting screen in which frequencies are set by “jogging” each digit up or down. Note that whiche ver method of setting frequency is used becomes the default whenever Set Cent re is pressed. See
section 7.3 for an illus trated description of frequency setting.
sets the centre frequency to t he frequency value of the M1 mark er (when active).
sets the centre frequency to t he frequency value of the highest amplitude point in the current sweep.
4.1.2 Span
controls the span for t he sweep. Also sets the annotation to Centre/Span if it was previously Start/Stop. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
enables the span to be set to a spec ific value. The method for setti ng the span is similar to that for setting the Centre frequency - see sect i on 7.3 for an illustrated description of frequency setting.
sets the span equal to the f r equency difference between the M1 and M2 markers (if active).
changes the sweep mode of the spectrum analyser and opens the Zero Span sub menu - see section 4.3.
changes the centre frequency by the value of the step size
- see section 4.1.4.
sets the span to a higher or lower value in a 1-2-5 sequence starting from the existing span value. (Example: if the existing span is 1.7MHz, the first press of Zoom Out will take it to 2MHz and the next press to 5MHz).
Page 14
4.1.3 Start/Stop
Start Stop
Set
Start
Set
Stop
Start=M1 Stop=M2
-more­1 of 2
Fix
Start
Fix
Stop
Step
Down
Step
Up
-more­2 of 2
Step Size
Auto
Span/10
Set to
Mdelta
Set to
Centre
Set to
M1
Set
Step
Undo
controls the start and stop frequencies for the sweep. Als o s ets the annotation to Start/Stop if it was previ ous ly Centre/Span. Creates a s et of bottom-row function keys as follows:
enables the start or st op frequency to be set to a specific value. The method for setting these is s imilar to that for setting the Centre frequency
- see section 7.3 for an illus trated description of frequency setting.
sets the start frequency to the frequency of the M1 mark er and the stop frequency to the frequency of the M2 m arker. M1 and M2 must both be active and M2 m ust be at a higher frequency than M1.
reverts to the start and st op frequencies that existed directly before the Start=M1/Stop=M2 key was pressed.
opens a second set of actions k eys: Fix Start/Fix Stop and Step D own/Step Up.
changes the action of the Step Up/Down keys so that only the stop frequency or start fr equenc y respectively is changed by the s tep value.
The fixed start or stop f reque ncy is preceded by the word Fix. Pr essing the key again, or leaving this function-set (by pressing -more- 2 of 2 or any group or sub-group key) will cancel the fixed s tart or stop frequency.
changes the start and/or s top frequencies by the value of the step size
(see next section). The action of the Fix Start/Fix Stop keys determines
whether both are stepped or onl y one is stepped. Note that, if the start or stop f r equency is “fixed” and the step size is set to Auto, the step size
will change on each press of step up/down so that it is always equal to one graticule division.
returns to the alternative set of action keys for Start-Stop. Cancels the fixed start or stop frequency if set.
4.1.4 Step Size
sets the size of frequency st epping using the Step Up/Down keys. When relevant, the current step size is display ed within a green box above the ke ys. C r eates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
enables the step size to be set to a specific value. The method for setting the step size is similar to that f or set ting the Centre frequency - see section 7.1 for an illustrated description of frequency setting.
causes the step size to be automatically linked to the width of the span. Thus Step/Up down will cause t he c entre frequency to change in st eps of one graticule division. Auto step size is indicated by the word Aut o above the step size value.
sets the step size equal t o the frequency difference between the M1 and M2 markers (if active).
sets the step size equal t o ei ther the centre frequenc y or t o the frequency
of the M1 marker (if active). This can be useful for observing the
harmonics of a fundamental frequency.
Page 15
4.1.5 Frequency Presets
Freq
Presets
Full
Span
Recall Preset
Toggle
Last
Store
Preset
Exit
Z-Span
Demod
Volume
-
Volume
+
enables up to six frequency ranges to be quickly stored and rec al led. Only the centre and span (or equivalent start and stop frequencies ) are stored. This differs from a Trace State or Set-up file for which more parameter s are stored (see sections
8.2.3 or 8.2.5 respectively). Frequency presets are retained when the instrument is off. Creates a set of bottom-ro w func tion keys as follows:
sets the sweep to the full range of the instrument (1MHz to 1.3GHz or 2.7GHz).
brings up a menu of six preset numbers (1 to 6) into which the current value of the sweep frequency range can be stored. Existing values are over-written.
brings up a menu of six preset numbers (1 to 6) which recall pre viously stored frequency ranges. Empty positions are ignored.
switches between the cur r ent sweep frequency range and the last range to be recalled from a preset (or f r om Full Span).

4.2 Sweep Time

The sweep time and update rate is automatically set fr om the S pan and the RBW and is displayed within the lo wer annotation area. There is no indep endent adjustment of sweep time.
Narrower RBW settings create longer sweep times. For each RBW, the sweep time in broadly proportional to the f r equency span. The approximate formula for calculating sweep update times is given within the spec i fications – see section ????.

4.3 Zero Span Mode (Demodulation Mode)

Zero span is a special case of frequency range setting. It is set from the Span sub-menu - see section 4.1.2. Pressing Zero Span changes the trace display to be a horizont al line at the centre frequency am pli tude level, and brings up an alternative set of function keys as follows:
exits zero span mode and retur ns to a normal swept trace and the nor mal Span sub­menu key functions.
brings up a menu which enables the demodulation mode to be s et to AM or FM (or Off) and the Audio Filter to be s et to On or Off.
adjusts the demodulated audio volume (0 to15). The value shown on a grey bar graph.
The demodulated audio is routed to a built-in loudspeaker . Alternatively, the audi o c an be outputted via a 3.5mm jack soc ket - see section 2.1.3.
Page 16

4.4 Setting the Sweep Mode and Sweep Bandwidth (RBW)

Sweep
Repeat
Single
Sweep
Trigger
RBW
Video
Filter
Sweep
Sweep/
BW
RBW
Auto
15kHz
280kHz
1MHz
Video
Filter
On
Off
This menu group controls t he sweep and the resolution bandwidt h.
This enables the sweep to be c ontrolled in terms of the type of sweep (repeat or single) and the resolution bandwidth of the sweep filter and the subsequ ent video filtering. If option U01 i s fitted, sweep triggering can also be controlled.
4.4.1 RBW
controls the resolution bandwidth of the sweep filter . A narrower RBW provides greater frequency resolution and lower noise, but inc r eases the sweep time. Creates a set of bottom-ro w func tion keys as follows:
causes the RBW to be automat ic al ly c hanged to suit the frequency span. The RBW value is displayed at the top of the screen and is preceded by the word Auto.
4.4.2 Video Filter
controls the video filt er . With the video filter On, displa ye d noise levels are lower, but signals may be slight ly at tenuated at narrower RBW settings. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
4.4.3 Sweep
controls how and when the sweep runs. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
causes the sweep to be automatically restarted aft er the c ompletion of the previous sweep unless halted by the Sweep Control key (or the Sweep Trigger settings).
manually selects a specific RBW value which is displayed at the top of the screen
The status of the video filter i s s hown at the top of the screen prec eded by the word VidF
.
enables single sweeps that are commenced by the S weep Contr ol key (or the Sweep Trigger settings) .
Note that, whenever the sweep is stopped, whether in repeat or s ingle mode, changing the frequency span or the reference level will re-run the sweep once.
Sweep Trigger is only availab le with the upgrade option U01 is fitted. It provides a choice of how the sweep is star ted or stopped. The trigger sourc e c an be manual, external, or internal f r om limit lines or patterns. See s ection 4.4.3.3 for an
explanation of trigger functions.
Page 17
provides a choice of automatic or manual re-arming of the trigger when triggering is
Single
ReArm
Stopped
(Run)
Running
(Stop)
Stopped
(Single)
enabled and the sweep m ode is set to Single.
When the menu system is set to Sweep/BW the sweep status is displayed in the lower annotation area directly above the keys.
4.4.3.1 Sweep Rate and the Sweep Progress Indicator Line
The sweep time and resultant update rate is a function of the span and the RBW and is shown within the lower annotation area. It can be calculated f r om the formulae within section ???.
For sweep times longer than about 1 second, a yellow indicator line below the graticule indicates the progress o f the sweep – see section 4.6.2.
4.4.3.2 Manually Controlling the Sweep
The sweep can be started or stopped using the touch screen S weep C ontrol key directly under the gratic ule on the right hand side. This k ey changes colour to indicate the current state of the sweep. The action of the k ey is duplicated by the hard key marked Run/Stop.
When the sweep is running, the k ey is gr een and is marked Running ( S top). The word in brackets indicates the action that will be performed by pressing the key.
When the sweep is stopped, and t he sweep mode is Repeat, the key is bl ue and is marked Stopped (Run). Stopping the sweep freezes the curr ent sweep trace on the display so that it can be obser v ed.
When the sweep is stopped, and t he sweep mode is Single, the key is blue and is marked Stopped (Single) .
At other times, when the sweep is t emporarily halted by the system, the key becomes red and is marked Paused. When sweep triggering is enable d (see next section) the key can provide triggeri ng and ar ming functions which are indicated by other colours and markings.
4.4.3.3 Triggered Sweep (when fitted)
When upgrade option U01 is fitted, it is possible to trigger the sweep using an external or internal trigger signal. Triggered sweep has a different action dependent upon t he sweep mode (Single or Repeat).
If the sweep mode is set to Single, the effect of the trigger is to start the sweep. When a trigger event occurs a single sweep will be initiated. The trigger optio ns ar e None, Ext +ve (trigger from a positive going edge on the external trigger input) or Ext -ve.
If Single ReArm is set to Aut o, a sweep will be initiated every t ime a trigger event occurs. If Single ReArm is set to Manual, further trigger inputs ar e ignored after the fir s t sweep. The Sweep Control key turns yellow and is labelled Stopped (Arm). Pressing the key changes the labelling to Run on Trigger , and a further sweep will be initiated when a trigger event occurs .
If the sweep mode is set to Repeat, the effect of the trigger is to stop the sweep. The options are Free Run (no triggering), E xt + ve (trigger from a posit ive goin g edge on the external trigger input), Ext -ve, and Limit s ( trigger from the Limits comparator - see section 7.7.2). The key marking becomes St op on Tri gger .
When a trigger occurs the curr ent sweep will be completed after which the sweep control key will become blue and the sweep will remain stopped until it is restarted with the sweep control key. There is no separate Arming function for repeat mode sweeps.
Sweep triggering is turn ed off whenever the sweep mode is changed between Single and Repeat or vice versa.
Note that, when a Logging f ile i s ini tiated, triggered sweep is automatically cancelled a nd s et to Repeat mode and Free Run.
Page 18

4.5 Setting the Level Attenuator, Amplit ude Scale, and Limits

Units/
Graticule
Ref
Level
Scale/
Shift
Offset/ Tables
Limits
Level/ Limits
Ref
Level
Units/
Graticule
dBm
dBuV
Graticule
0dBm
-20dBm
This menu group controls t he input attenuator, thus chang ing the reference level, and co ntrols the measurement units and s c aling of the amplitude display. When option U01 is f itted, it also enables the sweep amplitude to be compared with limit lines or patterns and the use of l evel offset and compensation tables.
4.5.1 Measurement Units and Graticule
sets the measurement units and controls the graticule display. Creat es a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
provides measurement in dBm (dB milliwatts into 50 Ohms, where 0dBm = 1mW) and sets the graticule and graticule markings accordingly.
provides measurement in dBuV (dB micro volts across 50 O hms, where 0dBuV = 1uV) and sets the graticule and graticule markings acc or di ngly.
creates a pop-up menu enabling the Graticule to be dimmed, set to horizontal lines only, or turned off completely.
Note that, when the measurement units are set to dBuV, the top graticule division is reduc ed to 7dB in order that subsequent graticule lines correspond to whole decade values.
4.5.2 Reference Level
The reference level represents the maximum signal that can be di splayed. The top line of t he graticule is at the ref er enc e l evel unless Scale/Shift is being used (see section 4.5.3).
the reference level for amplitude measurement is c hanged by switching the attenuators. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
sets the reference level to 0dBm (or 107dBuV) by setting the attenuator to On. The setting is shown within the upper area of the screen.
sets the reference level to -20dBm (or 87dBuV) by setting the attenuator to Off. The setting is shown within the upper area of the screen.
Page 19
4.5.3 Vertical Scaling
Scale/
Shift
Scale
Shift
Down
Shift
Down
Offset/ Tables
Clear
All
Set
Limits
Limit
Conditio
Set
Limits
Limit
Condition
enables the vertical amplitude scaling to be changed. C r eates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows :
creates a pop-up menu enabling the vertical scaling to be set t o 10dB /div (the default) through to 1dB/ div.
For scales below 10dB/div only a portion of the sweep amplitude will be visible and the Shift Up/Shi ft down keys can be used to pan the trace through the amplitude range of the graticule. These ke ys aut o-repeat.
4.5.4 Amplitude Offset and Compensation Tables (when fitted)
enables the amplitude scaling to be offset to match external attenuation or gain, or to add frequency dependent amplitude compensation tables to match transducers or antennae. These functions are only available when the upgrade option U01 is fitted
- see section 6. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows: cancels any offset or compensations that have been set and returns the amplitude
scaling to normal.
opens a control menu that enabl es compensation for a 75 Ohm s our c e impedance, a fixed attenuation or gain, or a frequency dependent compensation table to be used. The functions can be used individually or together.
The three keys on the upper line s elec t which function is to be controlled.
For 75 Ohm source, the options are only on or off. For Fixed Offset, the Set Offset key creates a
dialogue box by which an off set can be set between
-50.0dB and +50.0dB. The set figure is added to the displayed reference level and to the graticule values and marker readout.
For Compensation Table, the Select Table key opens a fi le li s t of stored compensation tables that can be loaded. See section 7.6.2 for a full explanation.
Whenever offsets or com pens ations are active, a warning message is displayed at the top right of the graticule. See sect ion 7.6.1 for safety warnings on the use of these function.
4.5.5 Amplitude Limits (when fitted)
sets one or two horizontal lines or complex patterns that can be compared with the sweep. This function is only availa ble when the upgrade option U01 is fitted - see section 6. Creates a set of bottom-row function keys as follows:
creates a control screen that enables the selection of lines and patterns, or allows existing ones to be turned on or of f. When Set Line is pressed, the value c an be entered numerically in dBm or dBuV. When Select Patt er n i s pr essed, a Recall File
screen is opened enabling a pattern to be loaded from a file. See section 7.7.1.
creates a pop-up menu that selects the criteria upon which a limit condit ion i s created. The options are None, A bove, Below, Outside or Inside.
Page 20
Loading...
+ 46 hidden pages
Buy Points How it Works FAQ Contact Us Questions and Suggestions Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms of Use