Agilent N4431A Reference Guide

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Reference Guide

Agilent Technologies

Electronic Calibration Modules

RF Two-Port

85091C 85092C 85093C 85096C 85098C 85099C

RF Four-Port

N4431B

Microwave Two-Port

N4690B N4691B N4692A

N4693A N4694A N4696B

Microwave Four-Port

N4432A N4433A

Agilent Part Number: N4693-90001

Printed in USA

Print Date: February 2009

Supersedes: December 2008

WARRANTY STATEMENT

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,” AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, AGILENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AGILENT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD AGILENT AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.

DFARS/Restricted Rights Notice

If software is for use in the performance of a U.S. Government prime contract or subcontract, Software is delivered and licensed as “Commercial computer software” as defined in DFAR 252.227-7014 (June 1995), or as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR

2.101(a) or as “Restricted computer software” as defined in FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987) or any equivalent agency regulation or contract clause. Use, duplication or disclosure of Software is subject to Agilent Technologies’ standard commercial license terms, and non-DOD Departments and Agencies of the U.S. Government will receive no greater than Restricted Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-19(c)(1-2) (June 1987). U.S. Government users will receive no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) or DFAR 252.227-7015 (b)(2) (November 1995), as applicable in any technical data.

Certification

Agilent Technologies, Inc. certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies, Inc. further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

Assistance

Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Agilent Technologies, Inc. products. For information about these agreements and for other assistance, contact Agilent. Refer to “Contacting Agilent” on page 1-15.

Safety and Regulatory Information

The safety and regulatory information pertaining to this product is located in the section

“Safety and Regulatory Information” on page 1-17.

Safety Notes

The following safety notes are used in this manual. Familiarize yourself with each of the notes and its meaning before operating this instrument. All pertinent safety notes for using this product are located in “Safety and Regulatory Information” on page 1-17

WARNING

CAUTION

Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and / or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

iii

Printing Copies of On-Line Documentation

To print copies of documentation from the Web, download the PDF from the Agilent web site:

•Go to www.agilent.com.

• Enter the product model number in the search function and click Search.

• Click on the Manuals hyperlink.

• Open the PDF of your choice and print the document.

Contents

1 General Information

Manual Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Prerequisite Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Accuracy of Electronic Calibration versus Mechanical Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

When to Calibrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

Models and Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

8509x Modules (RF Two-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

N4431B Modules (RF Four-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7

N469xA/B Modules (Microwave Two-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

8506x Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

N4432A and N4433A Modules (Microwave Four-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12

Compatible Network Analyzers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14

Service and Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15

Contacting Agilent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15

Returning Devices to Agilent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15

Recertification of ECal Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16

Safety and Regulatory Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-17

Safety Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-17

Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18

Compliance Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-19

2 Preparing ECal for Use

Inspecting ECal Module Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Inspect the Kit Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Record the Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Verify Electrical Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Equipment Required but Not Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

8509x Series Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

8509x Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

N4431B Series Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

N4431B Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

N469xA/B Series Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

N469xA/B Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6

N4432A and N4433A Series Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6

N4432A Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-7

N4433A Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-7

Operating and Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8

ESD Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8

Connector Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8

Input Power Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9

Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-10

Connect ECal Module to PNA or ENA Analyzer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-10

Connect ECal Module to VNA Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-12

Table of Contents Contents-v

Contents

3 Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Required Procedure for All Calibrations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Calibration Types Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

When to Correct for Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Calibration Methods for Non-Insertable Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Validating a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Why Validate a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Measure Known Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Perform ECal Confidence Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

4 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Inspect Female Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4

Cleaning Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Cleaning Coax Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Cleaning Precision 7 mm Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Gaging Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Connector Gage Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

When to Gage Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Recognizing Gage Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Reading the Connector Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Gaging Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-13

Making Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

3.5 mm, 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm, 1.85 mm, Type-N, 7-16, and Type-F Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

7 mm Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Separating Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-19

5 Specifications and Characteristics

Specifications: Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Operating Temperature and Accuracy Enhancement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Barometric Pressure and Relative Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Characteristic Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4

8509x Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

N4431B (3.5 mm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

N4431B (Type-N 50 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

N4432A (Type-N 50 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

N4433A (3.5 mm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

N469xA/B Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

Mechanical Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

Pin Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

Contents-vi Table of Contents

Contents

Type-N Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14

Typical Pin Depth Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-16

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-19

Mechanical Dimensions of the Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-21

Measurement Uncertainty Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-25

Download the Vector Network Analyzer Uncertainty Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-25

6 Replaceable Parts

Description of This Chapter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2

7 mm Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2

Type-N (50 ohm) Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-3

3.5 mm Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4

7-16 Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5

2.92 mm Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6

2.4 mm Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7

1.85 mm Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8

Type-N (75 ohm) Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-9

Type-F Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-10

Other ECal Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

Table of Contents Contents-vii

Contents

Contents-viii Table of Contents

1 General Information

1-1

General Information

Manual Overview

The purpose of this manual is to help you use your Electronic Calibration (ECal) module confidently and effectively. ECal is a precision, single-connection calibration technique which uses fully traceable and verifiable electronic standards. Each module has unique S-parameter data that is stored in the module's memory. During calibration, ECal uses this data to calculate the error terms for your network analyzer.

This manual provides instructions for operating and maintaining your ECal module. Also included are mechanical specifications and replaceable parts available for each model.

RF Modules

The 8509x and N4431B series provide two-port and four-port calibration solutions with operating frequencies starting as low as 9 kHz and ending as high as 13.5 GHz.

Microwave Modules

The N469xA and N469xB series (which replace the 8506x series) and the N4432A and N4433A series provide two-port and four-port calibration solutions with operating frequencies starting as low as 300 kHz and ending as high as 67 GHz.

Prerequisite Knowledge

This manual assumes you are trained in proper connector care. Because an accurate calibration depends on the integrity and cleanliness of the connector interface, a damaged connector will invalidate the calibration achieved with that module. Refer to the “Principles of Microwave Connector Care Quick Reference Card” located at the back of this manual.

Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface

In this manual, adapters, ECal modules, and gage masters are referred to by way of their interface connector. For example:

• A female adapter has a female interface.

• A male adapter has a male interface.

A connector gage is referred to by way of the connector it measures. For example:

• A male connector gage has a female interface so it can measure male devices.

• A female connector gage has a male interface so it can measure female devices.

Accuracy of Electronic Calibration versus Mechanical Calibration

As the number of DUT test ports increases, the required number of calibration measurements also increases. This boosts the probability of bad connections and bad calibrations when mechanical calibration standards are used rather than ECal. Also, test port cable repeatability and stability errors are amplified by the increased number of connections and disconnections. To perform an SOLT 4-port calibration, a minimum of twelve 1-port standards and three 2-port (thru) standards are measured, requiring a total

1-2 Chapter 1

General Information

Manual Overview

of eighteen connections. The same calibration using a 4-port ECal module (N4431B, N4432A and N4433A) requires only four connections.

Ignoring connection related errors, the following table compares the accuracy of ECal versus mechanical calibration in various calibration options.

Table 1-1

Mechanical Calibration Type ECal Thru

Type

1-Port, calibration constant (not

NA Reflection ++

Measurement ECal Mechanical

Calibration

data-based) SOL

1-Port, short, open, sliding load NA Reflection +

1-Port, data-based, expanded NA Reflection +

2-Port TRL All types Reflection

Tra n s m i s s io n

≥2-Port, calibration constant SOL, flush thru

≥2-Port, calibration constant SOL, unknown thru

Characterized Reflection

Tra n s m i s s io n

Internal unknown

External

flush

Reflection Tra n s m i s s io n

Characterized Reflection

Tra n s m i s s io n

Internal unknown

Reflection Tra n s m i s s io n

++ ++

≥2-Port, data-based, expanded, flush thru

≥2-Port, data-based, expanded, unknown thru

Characterized Reflection

Tra n s m i s s io n

Internal unknown

External

flush

Reflection Tra n s m i s s io n

Characterized Reflection

Tra n s m i s s io n

Internal unknown

Reflection Tra n s m i s s io n

+ +

++ better; + slightly better; = same

a. Flush thru should NOT be used when the test port connectors are not the same type as the

calibration standards. SMA and 3.5 mm connectors are mateable but are NOT the same type.

Chapter 1 1-3

General Information

When to Calibrate

A network analyzer calibration remains valid as long as the changes in the systematic error are insignificant. This means that changes to the uncorrected leakages (directivity and isolation), mismatches (source match and load match), and frequency response of the system are small (<10%) relative to accuracy specifications.

Change in the environment (especially temperature) between calibration and measurement is the major cause in calibration accuracy degradation. The major effect is a change in the physical length of external and internal cables. Other important causes are dirty and damaged test port connectors and calibration standards. If the connectors become dirty or damaged, measurement repeatability and accuracy is affected. Fortunately, it is relatively easy to evaluate the general validity of the calibration. To test repeatability, remeasure one of the calibration standards. If you can not obtain repeatable measurements from your calibration standards, maintenance needs to be performed on the test port connectors, cables and calibration standards. Also, maintain at least one sample of the device under test or some known device as your reference device. A verification kit may be used for this purpose. After calibration, measure the reference device and note its responses. Periodically remeasure the device and note any changes in its corrected response which can be attributed to the test system. With experience you will be able to see changes in the reference responses that indicate a need to perform the measurement calibration again.

1-4 Chapter 1

General Information

Models and Options

This section provides the model number, operating characteristics and connector options available with Agilent RF and microwave ECal modules. You can order ECal modules by selecting the model number followed by the desired options.

8509x Modules (RF Two-Port)

ECal modules from this series are available with the connector types and frequency ranges shown in Table 1-2 on page 1-6. Mixed connector options allow you to configure the module with a different connector type at each port (as shown in Figure 1-2).

Figure 1-1 Model 85092C Option M0F

Figure 1-2 Model 85092C Option 104, 201

Chapter 1 1-5

General Information

Models and Options

Table 1-2 8509x Modules

Model

Number

Connector

Type

Operating

Frequency

Port A and B Option

-m- and -f- -m- and -m- -f- and -f-

85091C 7 mm 300 kHz to 9 GHz No Connector Option

85091-60004

85092C

Type-N 50 ohm 300 kHz to 9 GHz M0F

85092-60008

Mixed

300 kHz to 9 GHz See Table 1-3

connector types

00M

85092-60009

85092-60004

– see Table 1-3

85093C

3.5 mm 300 kHz to 9 GHz M0F 85093-60008

Mixed

300 kHz to 9 GHz See Table 1-3

connector types

00M

85093-60009

85092-60004

– see Table 1-3

85096C Type-N 75 ohm 300 kHz to 3 GHz M0F

85096-60007

7-16 300 kHz to 7.5 GHz M0F

85098C

Mixed

300 kHz to 7.5 GHz See Table 1-3

85098-60007

connector types

00M

85096-60008

00M

85098-60008

85092-60004

– see Table 1-3

00F

85092-60010

00F

85093-60010

00F

85096-60009

00F

85098-60009

85099C Type-F 300 kHz to 3 GHz M0F

85099-60009

Table 1-3 8509x Mixed Connector Options

Model

Number

85092C Type-N 50Ω 103 104 3.5 mm 201 202

85093C 3.5 mm 101 102 Type-N 50Ω 203 204

85098C

a. Limits ECal module high frequency to 7.5 GHz.

Other Options Description

00A Adds one -m- to -m- and one -f- to -f- adapter.

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

Port A Option Port B Option

Type -f- -m- Type -f- -m- Type -f- -m-

7-16

105 106 3.5 mm 201 202 Type-N 50Ω 203 204

00M

85099-60010

7-16

00F

85099-60011

205 206

1-6 Chapter 1

General Information

Models and Options

N4431B Modules (RF Four-Port)

ECal modules from this series are available with the connector types and frequency ranges shown in Table 1-4. Mixed connector options (shown in Table 1-5) allow you to configure the module with a different connector type at each port.

Figure 1-3 Model N4431B Option 010

Table 1-4 N4431B Modules

Model Number

N4431B N4431-60007 Type-N 50Ω -f-

a. Performance from 9 kHz to 300 kHz is valid only for the E5071C ENA network

analyzer with firmware version A.09.10 or higher.

Module Number

N4431-60006 3.5 mm -f-

N4431-60008 Mixed connector types – see

Connector Type Port A,B,C,D

Table 1-5 on page 1-8

Operating Frequency

9 kHz GHz

to 13.5

Option

010

020

See Table 1-5

on page 1-8

Chapter 1 1-7

General Information

Models and Options

Table 1-5 N4431B Mixed Connector Options

Connector Type Port A Option Port B Option Port C Option Port D Option

3.5 mm -f- 101 201 301 401

3.5 mm -m- 102 202 302 402

Type-N 50Ω -f- 103 203 303 403

Type-N 50Ω -m- 104 204 304 404

7-16 -f-

7-16 -m-

105 205 305 405

106 206 306 406

a. Limits ECal module high frequency to 7.5 GHz.

Other Options Description

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

1-8 Chapter 1

General Information

Models and Options

N469xA/B Modules (Microwave Two-Port)

ECal modules from this series are available with the connector types and frequency ranges shown in Table 1-6. Mixed connector options are not available with this series.

Figure 1-4 Model N4693A Option M0F

Chapter 1 1-9

General Information

Models and Options

Table 1-6 N469xA/B Modules

Model

Number

N4690B Type-N 50Ω 300 kHz to 18 GHz M0F 00M 00F

N4691B 3.5 mm 300 kHz to 26.5 GHz M0F 00M 00F

N4692A 2.92 mm 10 MHz to 40 GHz M0F 00M 00F

N4693A 2.4 mm 10 MHz to 50 GHz M0F 00M 00F

N4694A 1.85 mm 10 MHz to 67 GHz M0F 00M 00F

Connector

Type

Operating

Frequency

Port A and B Option

-m- and -f- -m- and -m- -f- and -f-

Module Part Number

N4690-60004 N4690-60005 N4690-60006

Module Part Number

N4691-60004 N4691-60005 N4691-60006

Module Part Number

N4692-60001 N4692-60002 N4692-60003

Module Part Number

N4693-60001 N4693-60002 N4693-60003

Module Part Number

N4694-60001 N4694-60002 N4694-60003

N4696B 7 mm 300 kHz to 18 GHz No Connector Option

Module Part Number

N4696-60004

Other Options Description

00A Adds one -m- to -m- and one -f- to -f- adapter (not available with N4696B).

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

1-10 Chapter 1

General Information

Models and Options

8506x Modules

ECal modules in this series are no longer available for purchase, but may be returned to Agilent for service and recertification. The 8506x series has been replaced by the N469xA/B series. See “N469xA/B Modules (Microwave Two-Port)” on page 1-9.

Figure 1-5 Model 85062B

Table 1-7 8506x Modules

Model

Number

85060B 7 mm 1 to 18 GHz

85062B 3.5 mm 1 to 26.5 GHz

85064B Type-N 50Ω 1 to 18 GHz

Connector

Typ e

Operating

Frequency

8506xA series modules with serial numbers below 800 need to be retrofitted for operation with the 85097B VNA interface kit. The retrofitting must be done by a qualified Agilent Technologies service office. See “Contacting Agilent” on page 1-15.

Chapter 1 1-11

General Information

N4432A and N4433A Modules (Microwave Four-Port)

ECal modules from this series are available with the connector types and frequency ranges shown in Table 1-8. Mixed connector options (shown in Table 1-9) allow you to configure the module with a different connector type at each port.

Figure 1-6 Model N4433A Option 010

Table 1-8 N4432A and N4433A Modules

Model Number

N4432A N4432-60003 Type-N 50Ω -f- 300 kHz to 18 GHz 020

N4433A N4433-60003 3.5 mm -f- 300 kHz to 20 GHz 010

Module Number

N4432-60005 Mixed connector types – see

N4433-60004 Mixed connector types – see

Connector Type Port A,B,C,D

Table 1-9 on page 1-13

Table 1-10 on page 1-13

Operating Frequency

300 kHz to 18 GHz See Table 1-9

300 kHz to 20 GHz See

Option

on page 1-13

Table 1-10 on page 1-13

1-12 Chapter 1

General Information

N4432A and N4433A Modules (Microwave Four-Port)

Table 1-9 N4432A Mixed Connector Options

Connector Type Port A Option Port B Option Port C Option Port D Option

3.5 mm -f-

3.5 mm -m-

101 201 301 401

102 202 302 402

Type-N 50Ω -f- 103 203 303 403

Type-N 50Ω -m- 104 204 304 404

a. Frequency range of ECal module limited by other connectors.

Other Options Description

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

1A7 Adds ISO 17025 compliant calibration.

A6J Adds ANSI Z540 compliant calibration.

Table 1-10 N4433A Mixed Connector Options

Connector Type Port A Option Port B Option Port C Option Port D Option

3.5 mm -f- 101 201 301 401

3.5 mm -m- 102 202 302 402

Other Options Description

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

1A7 Adds ISO 17025 compliant calibration.

A6J Adds ANSI Z540 compliant calibration.

Chapter 1 1-13

General Information

Compatible Network Analyzers

ECal modules operate with the network analyzer models shown in Table 1-11. Not all ECal module and network analyzer combinations have the same features or capabilities. See your network analyzer user guide or online Help.

Table 1-11 Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

8509xC

N4431B

ECal Module Series

a, b

N443xA

VNA Network Analyzers

8719ES/ET

8720ES/ET

8722ES/ET

8753ES/ET

Ye s

PNA Network Analyzers

E8356/7/8A Yes Yes

E8801/2/3A Yes Yes

N3381/2/3A Yes Yes

E8362/3/4A Yes Yes

E8362/3/4B Yes Yes

E8361A Yes Yes

Yes

N5230A Yes Yes Yes

N5242A Yes Yes Yes

ENA Network Analyzers

E5070A/B

Yes Ye s

Yes and E5071A/B/C

N469xA/B

Ye s

Yes

Interface

8506x

Required

Yes 85097B

No USB

E5061/2A Yes Yes N/A N/A No USB

a. Only ports A and B available when operated with 8753/8720 series network

analyzers.

b. Performance from 9 kHz to 300 kHz is valid only for the E5071C ENA network

analyzer with firmware version A.09.10 or higher. c. 8506x modules are no longer available for purchase. d. VNA firmware revision 7.68 or higher required. e. VNA firmware revision 7.74 or higher and adapter cable (part no. 8121-1047)

required. f. PNA firmware revision 3.0 required with N4692A, N4693A, and N4694A. g. Exception: the N4693A and N4694A are not supported on the ENA.

1-14 Chapter 1

General Information

Service and Recertification

NOTE

For 8753 network analyzers, RF ECal modules (8509x) may be used below 300 kHz. However, calibration accuracy is not specified. The display trace connecting the two points on either side of the 300 kHz boundary may misrepresent actual performance.

Service and Recertification

If your ECal module requires service or recertification, contact the Agilent office nearest you for information about where to send it. The performance of your ECal module can only be verified by specially manufactured equipment and calibration standards from Agilent.

Contacting Agilent

Assistance with test and measurements needs and information on finding a local Agilent office are available on the Web at:

www.agilent.com/find/assist

If you do not have access to the Internet, please contact your Agilent field engineer.

NOTE

In any correspondence or telephone conversation, refer to the Agilent product by its model number and full serial number. With this information, the Agilent representative can determine whether your product is still within its warranty period.

Returning Devices to Agilent

If you are returning the product to Agilent, please include a service tag (located near the end of this manual) on which you provide the following information:

• your company name and address

• a technical contact person within your company, and the person’s complete telephone number including country code and area code

• the model number and serial number of the case

• the part number and serial number of each device

• type of service required

• a detailed description of the problem and how the device was being used when the problem occurred (such as calibration or measurement)

Chapter 1 1-15

General Information

Service and Recertification

NOTE

When transporting the module, use original or comparable packaging.

Recertification of ECal Modules

CAUTION

The suggested interval for recertification is 12 months. After reviewing the results of the initial recertification, you may establish a shorter interval that reflects greater use and

wear of the module.

Where to Send a Module for Recertification

Contact Agilent for information on where to send your kit for recertification. See

“Contacting Agilent” on page 1-15. Refer to “Returning Devices to Agilent” on page 1-15 for

instructions on the preparation of returning the device.

Only Agilent calibration laboratories use the most accurate reference standards - directly traceable to national and international primary standards - to calibrate ECal modules to their warranted specifications. Calibration services performed by unauthorized calibration

service providers will cause ECal modules to perform substantially below specifications. Agilent is not responsible for the poor performance of ECal modules that are calibrated by such unauthorized calibration service providers.

How Agilent Verifies Your ECal Module

Agilent verifies the specifications of these devices as follows:

1. The residual microwave error terms of the test system are verified with precision airlines and shorts or low frequency resistance that are directly traced to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The airline and short characteristics are developed from mechanical measurements. The mechanical measurements and material properties are carefully modeled to give very accurate electrical representation. The mechanical measurements are then traced to NIST through various plug and ring gages and other mechanical measurements.

2. Each module is electrically tested on this system to the specification listed in Chapter 5,

“Specifications and Characteristics.”

These two steps establish a traceable link to NIST for Agilent to the extent allowed by the institute’s calibration facility. The specifications data provided for the module are traceable to NIST through Agilent Technologies.

What Is Provided with a Recertification

• a new calibration sticker affixed to the module

• a certificate of calibration

• a list of United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable numbers

1-16 Chapter 1

General Information

Safety and Regulatory Information

• a calibration report for each traceable module listing measured values, specifications, and uncertainties

• a new set of S-parameter data (embedded in module memory) if the old set of S-parameters data no longer allows for a calibration that meets all performance specifications

Agilent Technologies offers different types of calibration for the recertification of the module. For more information, contact Agilent. See “Contacting Agilent” on page 1-15.

Safety and Regulatory Information

Review this section to familiarize yourself with safety markings and instructions before you operate the ECal module. This product has been designed and tested in accordance with international standards.

WARNING

CAUTION

The WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice, or the like, that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

The CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like, that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

Safety Notices

WARNING

To prevent electrical shock, disconnect from instrument before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

If this product is not used as specified, the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.

Chapter 1 1-17

General Information

Safety and Regulatory Information

Instrument Markings

When you see this symbol on your instrument, you should refer to the instrument’s instruction manual for important

information.

This symbol indicates hazardous voltages.

The laser radiation symbol is marked on products that have a laser output.

This symbol indicates that the instrument requires alternating current (ac) input.

The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. If it is accompanied by a year, it indicates the year the design was proven.

The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association.

ISM1-A This text indicates that the instrument is an Industrial

Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product (CISPR 11, Clause 4).

This symbol indicates that the power line switch is ON.

This symbol indicates that the power line switch is OFF or in STANDBY position.

The C-Tick mark is a registered trademark of the Australian Spectrum Management Agency.

This product complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirements. The affixed label indicates that you must not discard this electrical/ electronic product in domestic household waste.

Product Category: With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE Directive Annex I, this product is classed as a “Monitoring and Control instrumentation” product.

Do not dispose in domestic household waste.

To return unwanted products, contact your local Agilent office, or see http://www.agilent.com/environment/product/ for more information.

This product complies with the China RoHS regulation. Product manuals will have a Toxic Substance Table showing the hazardous substances in the product.

1-18 Chapter 1

General Information

Safety and Regulatory Information

Compliance Notices

This product has been designated and tested in accordance with accepted industry standards, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The documentation contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition.

Compliance IEC 61000-4-4: 1995 (electrical transients) and IEC 61000-4-2: 1995 (electrostatic discharge): Passes using Criterion C.

Calibration cycle may be interrupted by power line transients applied to external power supply or by electrostatic discharge applied to module. Normal function is restored by restarting the calibration process.

Compliance with Canadian EMC Requirements

This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001.

Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la norme NMB du Canada.

Declaration of Conformity

A declaration of conformity for any of these ECal modules is available at

http://www.agilent-pra.com/DoC/search.htm or by contacting Agilent - see “Contacting Agilent” on page 1-15.

Chapter 1 1-19

General Information

Safety and Regulatory Information

1-20 Chapter 1

2 Preparing ECal for Use

2-1

Preparing ECal for Use

Inspecting ECal Module Kit

Inspect the Kit Contents

Verify the case and its contents are not damaged and that all parts are included (see items listed in Table 2-2, Table 2-3, and Table 2-4). If the case or any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, contact Agilent. Agilent will arrange for repair or replacement of incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for settlement from the transportation company. See “Contacting Agilent” on page 1-15.

Record the Serial Number

ECal modules are individually serialized. Record the serial number and the date of initial use as a reminder for annual recertification. See “Recertification of ECal Modules” on

page 1-16.

Table 2-1 Table for Tracking ECal Module Serial Numbers

Module Number Serial Number Date

Verify Electrical Performance

To verify electrical performance of the module, see “Validating a Calibration” on page 3-6.

Equipment Required but Not Supplied

VNA Interface Kit (85097B)

The VNA Interface Kit allows you to connect an ECal module to supported vector network analyzers. Microwave ECal modules (N469xA/B series) require an adapter cable (part no. 8121-1047) to operate with the 85097B kit. The adapter cable is included as an option with the interface kit or can be ordered separately. Refer to Chapter 6 , “Replaceable

Parts.”

Pin Depth Gages

Gages for measuring recession or protrusion are not provided in the kit. See Chapter 6 ,

“Replaceable Parts.” or contact Agilent to order gages and other test accessories.

2-2 Chapter 2

Preparing ECal for Use

8509x Series Kit Contents

The following table lists the items in each 8509x kit. The ECal module listed in the table with each kit has a male and female connector (Option M0F). See Table 1-2 on page 1-6 for the part number of other configurations.

Table 2-2 8509x Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No. Qty Description Part No.

85091C 85096C

1 RF Module, 7 mm 85091-60004 1 RF Module, Type-N 75 ohms 85096-60007

1 Torque Wrench 3/4”, 1.3 N-m 8710-1766 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506 1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

1 Extractor, 7 mm Collet 5060-0370

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001 1 RF Module, 7-16 85098-60007

85092C 1 Torque Wrench 1 1/16”, 2.2 N-m 8710-2175

1 RF Module, Type-N 50 ohms 85092-60008 1 Open-end Wrench 15/16” 8710-2174

1 Torque Wrench 3/4”, 1.3 N-m 8710-1766 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506 1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

85093C 1 RF Module, Type-F 85099-60009

1 RF Module, 3.5 mm 85093-60008 1 Type F Wrench 8710-1841

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9 N-m 8710-1764 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765 1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

85098C

85099C

8509x Options

• Option 00M configures the module with two male connectors.

• Option 00F configures the module with two female connectors.

• Option M0F configures the module with one male connector and one female connector.

• Option 00A adds one -m- to -m- and one -f- to -f adapter (not available with 85091C).

• Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

• Option 150 adds a storage box for the ECal module and accessories.

Chapter 2 2-3

Preparing ECal for Use

N4431B Series Kit Contents

NOTE

The N4431A is no longer available for purchase, but may be returned to Agilent for service and recertification.

The following table lists the items in each N4431B kit. Option 010 is configured with

3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports and Option 020 is configured with type-N -f- connectors on all ports. See Table 1-5 on page 1-8 for other configurations available.

Table 2-3 N4431B Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No. Qty Description Part No.

N4431B Option 010 N4431B Option 020

1 RF Module, 3.5 mm N4431-60003

N4431-60006

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9 N-m 8710-1764 1 Torque Wrench 3/4”, 1.3 N-m 8710-1766

1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506 1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

a. Shipped only with N4431B.

1 RF Module, Type-N 50 ohms N4431-60004

-N/A

N4431-60007

N4431B Options

• Option 010 configures the module with 3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports.

• Option 020 configures the module with Type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on all ports.

• Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

• Option 150 adds a storage box for the ECal module and accessories.

N469xA/B Series Kit Contents

NOTE

The following table lists the items in each N469xA/B kit. The ECal module listed in the table with each kit describes a unit having a male and female connector (Option M0F). See

Chapter 6 , “Replaceable Parts,” for the part number of other configurations.

2-4 Chapter 2

The N4690/1/6A are no longer available for purchase, but may be returned to Agilent for service and recertification.

Preparing ECal for Use

N469xA/B Series Kit Contents

Table 2-4 N469xA/B Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No. Qty Description Part No.

N4690B N4693A

1 Microwave Module, Type-N

N4690-60001

1 Microwave Module, 2.4 mm

N4693-60001

or N4690-60004

1 Torque Wrench 3/4”, 1.3 N-m 8710-1766 1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9

1 Open-End Wrench, 1/2 to 9/16” 8710-1770 1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506 1 Open-End Wrench, 1/2 to

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001 1 Spanner Wrench 08513-20014

N4691B 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 Microwave Module, 3.5 mm

N4691-60001

N-m

9/16”

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

8710-1764

8710-1770

N4691-60004

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9

N-m

1 Torque wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765 1 Microwave Module, 1.85 mm N4694-60001

1 Open-End Wrench, 1/2 to 9/16” 8710-1770 1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9

1 Spanner Wrench 08513-20014 1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506 1 Open-End Wrench, 1/2 to

8710-1764 N4694A

8710-1764

N-m

8710-1770

9/16”

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001 1 Spanner Wrench 08513-20014

N4692A 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 Microwave Module, 2.92 mm N4692-60001 1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9

N-m

1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765 1 Microwave Module, 7 mm

8710-1764

N4696B

N4696-60001

N4696-60004

1 Open-End Wrench, 1/2 to 9/16” 8710-1770 1 Torque Wrench 3/4”, 1.3 N-m 8710-1766

1 Spanner Wrench 08513-20014 1 Open-End Wrench, 1/2 to

9/16”

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506 1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001 1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

8710-1770

a. Shipped only with the “A” model. b. Shipped only with the “B” model.

Chapter 2 2-5

Preparing ECal for Use

N4432A and N4433A Series Kit Contents

N469xA/B Options

• Option 00M configures the microwave module with two male connectors.

• Option 00F configures the microwave module with two female connectors.

• Option M0F configures the module with one male connector and one female connector.

• Option 00A adds one -m- to -m- and one -f- to -f- adapter (not supplied with N4696B).

• Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

• Option 150 adds a storage box for the ECal module and accessories.

N4432A and N4433A Series Kit Contents

The following tables list the items in each N4432A and N4433A kit. For the N4432A kit, Option 020 is configured with type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on all ports. For the N4433A kit, Option 010 is configured with 3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports. See Table 1-9 on

page 1-13 and Table 1-10 on page 1-13 for other configurations available.

Table 2-5 N4432A Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4432A Option 020

1 Microwave Module, Type-N

50 Ohm -f-

1 Torque Wrench 3/4”, 1.3 N-m 8710-1766

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

-N/A

N4432-60003

8121-0506

Table 2-6 N4433A Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4433A Option 010

1 Microwave Module, 3.5 mm -f- N4433-60003

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9 N-m 8710-1764

1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765

1 USB A-B Cable, 1.8 m 8121-0506

1 Reference Guide N4693-90001

2-6 Chapter 2

Preparing ECal for Use

N4432A and N4433A Series Kit Contents

N4432A Options

• Option 020 configures the module with Type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on all ports.

• Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

• Option 1A7 adds ISO 17025 compliant calibration.

• Option A6J adds ANSI Z540 compliant calibration.

• Option 150 adds a storage box for the ECal module and accessories.

N4433A Options

• Option 010 configures the module with 3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports.

• Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

• Option 1A7 adds ISO 17025 compliant calibration.

• Option A6J adds ANSI Z540 compliant calibration.

• Option 150 adds a storage box for the ECal module and accessories.

Chapter 2 2-7

Preparing ECal for Use

Operating and Safety Precautions

Observe the following guidelines before connecting or operating your ECal module.

ESD Damage

Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is important while handling and operating your ECal module. Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive components when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage to the unit. To prevent damage from ESD:

• Use a grounded antistatic mat in front of your test equipment and wear a grounded

wrist strap attached to it when handling or operating the ECal module.

• Wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor.

• Ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to an ECal module.

You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell of the analyzer test port or cable connector briefly.

• Avoid touching the center conductor of the test ports.

For more information about preventing ESD, see “Electrostatic Discharge” on page 4-2.

Connector Care

Because connectors can become defective due to wear during normal use, all connectors should be inspected and maintained to maximize their service life. For more detailed information, see “Visual Inspection” on page 4-3.

• Inspect the mating surface each time a connection is made. Metal particles from

connector threads often find their way onto the mating surface when a connection is made or disconnected.

• Clean dirt and contamination from the connector mating surface and threads. This

simple step can extend the service life of the connector and improve the quality of your calibration and measurements.

• Gage connectors periodically. This not only provides assurance of proper mechanical

tolerances, and thus connector performance, but can also indicate situations where the potential for damage to another connector may exist.

CAUTION

ECal modules can be damaged if you apply excessive torque to the connectors. See Table 4-1 on page 4-18 for required torque settings.

2-8 Chapter 2

Preparing ECal for Use

Operating and Safety Precautions

Input Power Level

Before performing a calibration, make sure the input power and DC levels do not exceed the values indicated in Table 2-7.

Table 2-7 Input Power Limits

ECal Module Series

Parameter

Typical Maximum Input

a, b

Power

Typical Maximum DC Level Applied to Test Port

Typical Damage Level +20.0 dBm +20.0 dBm +20.0 dBm +10.0 dBm

a. If the maximum input power is exceeded when calibrating, compression may

occur.

b. When using the PNA-X, the power level can be increased after calibration with

minimal impact on measurement accuracy.

8509x N4431x N4432A

and

N4433A

+9.0 dBm

± 20 Volts ± 3 Volts ± 3 Volts ± 10 Volts

+7.0 dBm

-7.0 dBm -5.0 dBm

N469x

Operating Temperature

The temperature of the ECal module must be within the following temperature range to meet the operating specifications.

• 8509x Series: +20 °C to +30 °C

• N443xA/B Series: +20 °C to +30 °C

• N469xA/B Series: +20 °C to +26 °C

For more details, see “Environmental Specifications” on page 5-3.

Chapter 2 2-9

Preparing ECal for Use

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module

ECal modules connect to PNA or ENA network analyzers with the USB cable (supplied with the kit). VNA analyzers require the 85097B VNA Interface Kit.

You can connect (or disconnect) ECal modules when the analyzer is on or off, but should avoid doing so while data transfer is in progress.

TIP

Modules that have completed a calibration may remain connected to the analyzer (with the USB cable or 85097B Interface Kit).

Connect ECal Module to PNA or ENA Analyzer

ECal modules are controlled and powered by the analyzer through a USB cable. When you connect the module to the analyzer, the analyzer automatically recognizes the type of module, frequency range, and connector type.

CAUTION

To connect ECal module to the PNA or ENA network analyzer:

1. Connect one end of the USB cable to the ECal module as shown in Figure 2-1 on

page 2-11.

2. Connect the other end of the cable to the USB port on the front or rear panel of the analyzer (as shown in Figure 2-2 on page 2-11). Depending on available USB ports, two or more ECal modules may be connected to the analyzer.

NOTE

Exercise the necessary ESD precautions before connecting the ECal module to the analyzer. See “Electrostatic Discharge” on page 4-2.

When you connect an ECal module that has a serial number never before seen by that PNA, and you have Administrator privileges (the default setting), the Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard appears to assist you in completing the first-time registration for the module. If “Can Windows connect to Windows Update to search for software?” appears, select “No, not this time.” Click Next or Finish at the remaining dialog prompts. You must be logged on to the PNA with Administrator privileges (the default setting), or know the Administrator login and password, to complete the first-time registration process. For more information on privileges, view the PNA online Help table of contents and click on “Administrative Tasks.” To view the PNA online Help, refer to “Finding More Information on Performing

a Calibration” on page 3-5.

3. The LED (on the module) indicates WAIT until the ECal module reaches operating temperature.

4. When the green LED turns on, the module is ready for use.

2-10 Chapter 2

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module

Figure 2-1 USB Connection to Module

Figure 2-2 USB Connection to PNA or ENA Analyzer

Preparing ECal for Use

Chapter 2 2-11

Preparing ECal for Use

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module

Connect ECal Module to VNA Analyzer

VNA network analyzers require the 85097B Interface Kit, which supplies power and allows data transfer between the analyzer and the ECal module.

The interface kit contains an interface unit, power supply, and cables to connect the interface unit to the analyzer and the ECal module.

An adapter cable, supplied with Option 100, is required to connect microwave ECal modules (N469xA/B series) to the interface unit. This cable may also be ordered separately. For more information about the 85097B, refer to “Other ECal Accessories” on page 6-11.

CAUTION

Exercise the necessary ESD precautions before connecting the ECal module to the analyzer. See “Electrostatic Discharge” on page 4-2.

To connect ECal module to the VNA network analyzer:

1. Connect interface unit to VNA:

a. Connect one end of the DB25 to DB25 cable to the connector on the interface unit

labeled “DB25 Interface to Parallel Interface on Network Analyzer.”

b. Connect the other end of the cable to the connector labeled “PARALLEL PORT” on

the rear panel of the VNA.

CAUTION

Connecting the DB25 cable to any other connector on the analyzer WILL cause damage.

2. Connect an RF Module:

a. Connect one end of the DB25 to DB25 cable to the parallel port connector on the

ECal module. See Figure 2-3 on page 2-13.

b. Connect the other end of the cable to the connector on the interface unit labeled

“DB25 Interface to ECal Module A” or “DB25 Interface to ECal Module B.” See

Figure 2-4 on page 2-13. Two ECal modules may be connected at the same time.

3. Connect a Microwave Module (requires adapter cable, part no. 8121-1047):

a. Connect the miniature (36-pin) connector on the adapter cable to the parallel port

connector on the ECal module. See Figure 2-3 on page 2-13.

b. Connect the DB25 connector on the adapter cable to the connector on the interface

unit labeled “DB25 Interface to ECal Module A” or “DB25 Interface to ECal Module B.” See Figure 2-4 on page 2-13.

4. Connect the interface power supply to the interface unit and then connect to AC power.

NOTE

The LED on the ECal module indicates WAIT until the unit reaches operating temperature.

2-12 Chapter 2

Figure 2-3 Parallel Port Connection to Module

Figure 2-4 Interface Connections to VNA Analyzer

Preparing ECal for Use

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module

Chapter 2 2-13

Preparing ECal for Use

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module

2-14 Chapter 2

3 Operating ECal Module

3-1

Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration

Use the following procedure as a starting point for calibrating the network analyzer with an ECal module. For more detailed information about adjusting the settings of your analyzer, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help.

Required Procedure for All Calibrations

For all calibration types, complete the following steps:

1. Connect an ECal module to the analyzer having the appropriate frequency range and connector type. See “Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module” on page 2-10.

2. Allow the module to warm up for 15 minutes (20 minutes for a four-port module) or until the module indicates READY.

3. Set up the analyzer and the device under test (DUT) in the measurement configuration. Select the frequency, power, sweep and other stimulus settings.

4. View the response (uncorrected) and optimize the analyzer settings as needed.

5. Remove the DUT from the measurement ports and connect the ECal module.

6. Select the desired calibration type and perform the calibration.

7. Remove the ECal module and re-connect the DUT.

CAUTION

Excessive torque can damage ECal module connectors. See Table 4-1 on

page 4-18 for the required torque setting for each connector type.

3-2 Chapter 3

Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration

Calibration Types Available

The following table contains the calibration types and advanced settings available for all compatible network analyzers:

Table 3-1 Calibration Types and Advanced Settings Available

Network Analyzer Series

Calibration Types

1-Port Reflection Yes Yes Yes

Full 2-Port Yes Yes Yes

Full 2-Port (with isolation)

Full 3-Port Yes Yes —

Full 4-Port Yes Yes —

En h an c ed R es p on s e Ye s Yes Yes

QSOLT Yes No No

Advanced Settings

Adapter Removal Yes No No

Flush (zero length) THRU Yes No Yes

Unknown THRU

User-Characterization Yes

a. The N4693A and N4694A are not supported on the ENA. b. 8509xC only. c. Unknown THRU setting available with E835xA and E836xA,B analyzers. d. User-Characterization available with firmware revision A.03.50 (February 2003).

PNA

Ye s Ye s Ye s

Ye s

ENA

No No

Ye s

VNA

When to Correct for Isolation

Correction for isolation is a consideration when measuring high-loss devices such as saw filters or diplexers. When maximum dynamic range is required, correction for isolation can remove the errors due to crosstalk (between test ports) for transmission measurements.

When you include isolation with a two, three, or four-port calibration, the analyzer automatically applies averaging to reduce noise in the measurement. Without averaging, you will have noise in the measurement of the crosstalk, and could raise the noise floor when the analyzer uses this in its error correction.

The analyzer system isolation is normally sufficient for most measurements, and correction for it is usually unnecessary. As long as crosstalk is below the noise floor, it is best NOT to correct for isolation using ECal. As of PNA firmware release 4.26, measuring isolation as part of the ECal process is no longer supported.

Chapter 3 3-3

Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration

Calibration Methods for Non-Insertable Devices

A “non-insertable” device means that the measurement ports cannot be connected together to establish a THRU connection during calibration for transmission. Because the module typically forms the THRU path, you can use one of the following methods to perform a calibration for non-insertable devices:

Configure ECal Module the Same as Device

The simplest way to calibrate for non-insertable devices is to configure an ECal module with the same connector types as the DUT. RF ECal modules can be configured with mixed connectors to match the connector types on the DUT. Refer to “Models and Options” on

page 1-5. You can also configure the module with different connector types by performing a

User-Characterization (see below).

Use Adapter Removal Calibration

Adapter removal provides an accurate way to calibrate for non-insertable devices, but requires extra calibration steps to characterize the adapter. The adapter type used for this calibration must be a -m- to -m- or -f- to -f- and have the same connector type as the module. In addition, the module must have a male connector on one test port and a female connector on the other test port (of the same connector type).

Use Unknown Thru Calibration

Unknown Thru calibration is currently available with all PNA network analyzers except the E8801/2/3A. It is easy to perform and can be used on any two ports when using a multiport PNA. It causes minimal cable movement if the Thru standard has the same footprint as the DUT. In fact, the DUT can often be the Thru standard. A 1-port calibration is performed on both ports. The unknown Thru is connected between the two ports and measured. Next, the user must confirm the Estimated Delay. This requires knowing the phase response to within 1/4 wavelength. If the phase response is unknown, the Delay value can be measured independently and entered in the dialog box.

Perform a User-Characterization

Normally, when you perform a calibration with an ECal module, the error terms for a calibration are computed using the factory characterization (data) stored in the module. User-Characterization allows you change the characterization of the module in two ways:

• Change the connector configuration: allows you to add an adapter or fixture to the test port of the module and embed the effects into the characterization of the module. The result of the new characterization extends the reference plane from one or more of the module’s test ports to those on the adapter (or fixture).

• Modify the state settings: allows you to specify the number of data points (1601 max.) or other stimulus settings the module uses to perform a calibration.

When you perform a User-Characterization, the factory characterization data remains stored in the module’s memory. At calibration, you can select the factory characterization or any of the user-defined characterizations stored in the module. The module can store up to five user-defined characterizations (in addition to the factory characterization data).

User-Characterization is currently available with PNA and ENA network analyzers.

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Operating ECal Module

Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration

To perform a User-Characterization, a calibration kit (having the same connector type as the new reference plane) is required.

For detailed information on calibration methods using a VNA, ENA or PNA series network analyzer, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help. To use the Internet to view the ENA or PNA online Help or an online VNA user guide, use the steps listed in “Finding

More Information on Performing a Calibration” on page 3-5.

Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration

For detailed information on performing a calibration using a VNA, ENA or PNA series network analyzer, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help.

• To view the ENA or PNA Help file that is embedded in the analyzer, press the Help key on the front panel of the network analyzer.

• To view a user guide or Help file on the Internet, use the following steps:

1. Go to www.agilent.com.

2. Enter your analyzer model number (Ex: 8753ES) in the search function and click

Search.

3. Click on the Manuals hyperlink.

4. Open the PDF of the User Guide or Help.

CAUTION

Do not perform a calibration procedure unless you have cleaned and visually inspected all connectors and have taken the necessary ESD precautions.

Chapter 3 3-5

Operating ECal Module

Validating a Calibration

Once a calibration has been completed, its performance should be checked before making device measurements.

Why Validate a Calibration

There are several sources of error that can invalidate a calibration:

• bad cables

• dirty or worn connectors

• operator error

• measurement uncertainties from interpolation

Measure Known Standards

Measuring known devices, other than calibration standards, is a way of verifying that the network analyzer system is operating properly. Verification kits use accurately known standards with well-defined magnitude and phase response. These kits include precision airlines, mismatch airlines, and precision fixed attenuators. Traceable measurement data is shipped with each kit on disk and verification kits may be re-certified by Agilent. Contact Agilent for information about ordering verification kits - see “Contacting Agilent”

on page 1-15.

Perform ECal Confidence Check

ECal Confidence Check is a simple way to check the accuracy of a calibration (performed with mechanical standards or an ECal module). The confidence check allows you to measure an impedance state in the ECal module, called the confidence state, and compare it with factory measured data (of the same confidence state). ECal Confidence Check overlays the two traces so that the differences between the stored state and the measured state can be easily viewed.

Before performing a confidence check, the analyzer must be calibrated and the calibration type should be appropriate for the parameter being checked. For example, you cannot measure the confidence state with S22 if an S11 1-port calibration is active.

NOTE

For detailed information on performing an ECAl Confidence Check using a VNA, ENA or PNA series network analyzer, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help. To use the internet to view the ENA or PNA online Help or an online VNA user guide, use the steps listed in “Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration” on page 3-5.

ECal Confidence Check is not available with ENA-L series network analyzers.

3-6 Chapter 3

4 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the

Devices

4-1

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Electrostatic Discharge

Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is essential while connecting, inspecting, or cleaning devices attached to static-sensitive circuits (such as those found in network analyzers and ECal modules).

Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive internal circuit elements when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage. Devices such as calibration components and devices under test (DUTs), can also carry an electrostatic charge. To prevent damage to network analyzer components and devices:

• always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MΩ resistor in series with it when handling components and devices or when making connections to the test set.

• always use a grounded, conductive table mat while making connections.

• always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor. If you are uncertain about the conductivity of your floor, wear a heel strap.

• always ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to a static-sensitive device or test port. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell of the test port or cable connector briefly.

• always ground the center conductor of a test cable before making a connection to the analyzer test port or other static-sensitive device. This can be done as follows:

1. Connect a short (from your calibration kit) to one end of the cable to short the center

conductor to the outer conductor.

2. While wearing a grounded wrist strap, grasp the outer shell of the cable connector.

3. Connect the other end of the cable to the test port.

4. Remove the short from the cable.

For parts numbers for ESD protection supplies, refer to “Other ECal Accessories” on

page 6-11.

Figure 4-1 ESD Protection Using Mat, Wrist Strap, and Grounded Power Cord

4-2 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Visual Inspection

Visual inspection and, if necessary, cleaning should be done every time a connection is made. Metal particles from the connector threads may fall into the connector when it is disconnected.

CAUTION

Magnification is helpful when inspecting connectors, but it is not required and may actually be misleading. Defects and damage that cannot be seen without magnification generally have no effect on electrical or mechanical performance. Magnification is of great use in analyzing the nature and cause of damage and in cleaning connectors, but it is not required for inspection.

Devices with damaged connectors should immediately be discarded or clearly marked and set aside for repair. A damaged device will in turn damage any good connector to which it is attached. Try to determine the cause of the damage before connecting a new, undamaged connector in the same configuration.

Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First

Examine the connectors first for obvious defects and damage: badly worn plating on the connector interface, deformed threads, or bent, broken, or misaligned center conductors.

What Causes Connector Wear?

Connector wear is caused by connecting and disconnecting the devices. The more use the device gets, the faster it wears and degrades. The wear is greatly accelerated when connectors are not kept clean, or are not properly connected. This is especially true with electrically characterized devices such as ECal modules. ECal modules should have a long life if their use is on the order of a few times per week.

The test port connectors on the network analyzer may have many connections each day, and are therefore more subject to wear. It is recommended that an adapter be used as a test port saver to minimize the wear on the connectors. Replace devices with worn connectors.

Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces

Uniform contact between the connectors at all points on their mating plane surfaces is required for a good connection. See Figure 4-2 for an example of locations of mating plane surfaces. Look especially for deep scratches or dents, and for dirt and metal particles on the connector mating plane surfaces. Also look for signs of damage due to excessive or uneven wear or misalignment.

Chapter 4 4-3

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Inspect Female Connectors

Figure 4-2 Type-N Connector Pin Depth and Mating Surfaces

Light burnishing of the mating plane surfaces is normal, and is evident as light scratches or shallow circular marks distributed more or less uniformly over the mating plane surface. Other small defects and cosmetic imperfections are also normal. None of these affect electrical or mechanical performance. If a connector shows deep scratches or dents,

particles clinging to the mating plane surfaces, or uneven wear, clean and inspect it again.

Inspect Female Connectors

When using slotless connectors like the 2.4 mm, 3.5 mm, or some type-N 50 Ω female connectors, pay special attention to the contact fingers on the female center conductor. These can be bent or broken, and damage to them is not always easy to see. A connector with damaged contact fingers will not make good electrical contact and must be repaired or replaced.

NOTE

Due to the tighter mechanical specifications of precision devices, inspection is particularly important when you are mating nonprecision to precision devices.

4-4 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Cleaning Connectors

Clean connector interfaces prolong connector life and produce more accurate and repeatable measurements.

NOTE

WARNING

The following cleaning procedure can be used for most coaxial connectors. For 7 mm connectors, refer to “Cleaning Precision 7 mm Connectors” on page 4-7.

Always use protective eyewear when using compressed air or nitrogen.

Cleaning Coax Connectors

1. Use compressed Air or Nitrogen

Use compressed air (or nitrogen) to loosen particles on the connector mating plane surfaces.

You can use any source of clean, dry, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen that has an effective oil-vapor filter and liquid condensation trap placed just before the outlet hose.

Ground the hose nozzle to prevent electrostatic discharge, and set the air pressure to less than 414 kPa (60 psi) to control the velocity of the air stream. High-velocity streams of compressed air can cause electrostatic effects when directed into a connector. These electrostatic effects can damage the device. For additional information refer to

“Electrostatic Discharge” on page 4-2 earlier in this chapter.

WARNING

Chapter 4 4-5

Keep isopropyl alcohol away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a tightly closed container. Isopropyl alcohol is extremely flammable. In case of fire, use alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; water may be ineffective. Use isopropyl alcohol with adequate ventilation and avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. It causes skin irritation, may cause eye damage, and is harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It may be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Wash thoroughly after handling. In case of spill, soak up with sand or earth. Flush spill area with water. Dispose of isopropyl alcohol in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local environmental regulation.

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Cleaning Connectors

2. Clean the Connector Threads

CAUTION

Use ONLY isopropyl alcohol to clean connector surfaces. Any other solvent may damage the insulators, support beads, and seals in the connector.

Never immerse the connector in solvents of any kind. The solvent can become trapped within the assembly and cause SWR, phase, and insertion loss problems.

Moisten (don’t soak) a lint-free swab or cleaning cloth with isopropyl alcohol to remove any dirt or stubborn contaminants that cannot be removed with compressed air or nitrogen. Refer to “Other ECal Accessories” on page 6-11 for cleaning swabs and other connector cleaning supplies.

a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint-free swab.

b. Clean the connector threads.

c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the threads dry with a gentle stream of clean,

low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before you reassemble or use it.

3. Clean the Mating Plane Surfaces

a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a new lint-free cleaning cloth or swab.

b. Clean the center and outer conductor mating plane surfaces. Refer to Figure 4-2 on

page 4-4. When cleaning a female connector; use short strokes to avoid snagging the

swab on the center conductor contact fingers.

c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the mating plane surface dry with a gentle

stream of clean, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before you reassemble or use it.

4. Inspect Each Connector

Inspect the connector to make sure that no particles or residue are present.

4-6 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Cleaning Connectors

Cleaning Precision 7 mm Connectors

You do not have to remove the center conductor collet to clean a precision 7 mm connector.

With the Center Collet in Place

1. Dispense a small amount of isopropyl alcohol on the lint free cloth.

2. Retract the connector sleeve threads to expose the connector interface.

3. Gently press the contact end of the connector into the moistened cloth and rotate the connector. The cloth scrubs away dirt and contaminants on the connector interface without damaging it.

4. Blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of compressed air or nitrogen.

NOTE

When not in use, keep the cloth in a plastic bag or box so that it does not collect dust or dirt.

For Fixed Connectors (attached to a device that cannot be freely moved)

1. Fold a lint-free cleaning cloth several times.

2. Moisten the cloth with isopropyl alcohol.

3. Press the moistened cloth against the connector interface and rotate the cloth to clean the connector.

4. Blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of compressed air or nitrogen.

Cleaning a Removed Center Collet

Any time you remove the center conductor collet, clean and inspect the interior surfaces as described in “Cleaning Connectors” on page 4-5.

Chapter 4 4-7

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

The gages available from Agilent Technologies are intended for preventive maintenance and troubleshooting purposes only. They are effective in detecting excessive center conductor protrusion or recession, and conductor damage on DUTs, test accessories, and ECal module test ports. Do not use the gages for precise pin depth measurements.

Connector Gage Accuracy

The connector gages are only capable of performing coarse measurements. They do not provide the degree of accuracy necessary to precisely measure the pin depth. This is partially due to the repeatability uncertainties that are associated with pin-depth measurements.

With proper technique, the gages are useful in detecting gross pin depth errors on device connectors. To achieve maximum accuracy, random errors must be reduced by taking the average of at least three measurements having different gage orientations on the connector. Even the resultant average can be in error by as much as ±0.0001 inch (±0.0025 mm) due to systematic (biasing) errors usually resulting from worn gages and gage masters. The information in “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-16 assumes new gages and gage masters. Therefore, these systematic errors were not included in the uncertainty analysis. As the gages endure more use, the systematic errors can become more significant in the accuracy of the measurement.

The measurement uncertainties are primarily a function of the assembly materials and design, and the unique interaction each device type has with the gage. Therefore, these uncertainties can vary among the different devices.

The observed pin depth limits add in these uncertainties to the typical factory pin depth values to provide practical limits that can be referenced when using the gages.

When measuring pin depth, the measured value (resultant average of three or more measurements) contains measurement uncertainty and is not necessarily the true value. Always compare the measured value with the observed pin depth limits (which account for measurement uncertainties) in “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-16 to evaluate the condition of device connectors.

4-8 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

When to Gage Connectors

Gage a connector at the following times:

• Prior to using an ECal module for the first time: record the pin depth measurement so that it can be compared with future readings. This serves as a good troubleshooting tool when you suspect damage may have occurred to the device.

• If either visual inspection or electrical performance suggests that the connector interface may be out of typical range (due to wear or damage, for example).

• If a module is used by someone else, or on another system or piece of equipment.

• Initially after every 100 connections, and after that as often as experience suggests.

NOTE

When using the 7 mm module, you must remove the 7 mm collet before gaging the pin depth of the connectors. Use the collet extraction tool provided in your 7 mm module to remove the collet.

Recognizing Gage Types

A gage is referred to by the sex of the connector it measures. For example, a male gage measures male connectors and therefore has a corresponding female connector.

• See Figure 4-3 on page 4-10 for an illustration of a typical gage for 3.5 mm, 2.92mm,

2.4 mm, and 1.85 mm connectors.

• See Figure 4-4 on page 4-11 for an illustration of a typical gage for type-N connectors.

• See Figure 4-5 on page 4-12 for an illustration of a typical gage for 7 mm connectors.

NOTE

A 3.5 mm gage set can measure 3.5 mm and 2.92 mm connectors. A 2.4 mm gage set can measure 2.4 mm and 1.85 mm connectors.

Reading the Connector Gage

The gage dial is divided up into increments of 0.0001 inch (0.0025 mm) and major divisions of 0.001 inch (0.0025 mm). For type-N gages, see Figure 4-4 on page 4-11. For each revolution of the large dial, the smaller dial indicates a change of 0.01 inch (0.025 mm). Use the small dial as the indicator of multiples of 0.01 inch (0.0025 mm). In most connector measuring applications, this value will be zero.

When making a measurement, the gage dial indicator will travel in one of two directions. If the center conductor is recessed from the zero reference plane, the indicator will move counterclockwise to determine the amount of recession, which is read as a negative value. If center conductor protrudes, the indicator will move clockwise to measure the amount of protrusion, which is read as a positive value. Refer to “Typical Pin Depth Values” on

page 5-16 for definitions of protrusion and recession.

Chapter 4 4-9

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

Figure 4-3 Typical Gage: 3.5 mm, 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm and 1.85 mm Connectors

4-10 Chapter 4

Figure 4-4 Typical Gage: Type-N Connectors

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

Chapter 4 4-11

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

Figure 4-5 Typical Gage: 7 mm Connectors

4-12 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

Gaging Procedures

Zeroing Connector Gages

For type-N gages, the paired gage master is labeled with an offset value to compensate for its inaccuracy with its gage. This label appears on the bottom of all type-N gage masters that have been paired with gages. When setting a type-N gage with its master, always set the gage to the master offset value shown on the label, not to the zero, unless that is the offset value indicated.

The design of the gages used to measure 3.5 mm, 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm, 1.85 and 7 mm connectors are different than the type-N gage design. The primary difference is that the type-N gages require an offset to compensate for inaccuracies in the gage masters.

1. Select the proper gage for your connector. Always use gages that are intended for pin depth measurements. Refer to Chapter 6 , “Replaceable Parts,” for gage model numbers listed with the associated connector types.

2. Inspect and clean the gage, gage master, and device to be gaged. Refer to “Visual

Inspection” on page 4-3 and “Cleaning Connectors” on page 4-5.

CAUTION

Before continuing, make sure you are familiar with the proper connection and torque techniques for your connector type. Refer to “Making Connections” on

page 4-15.

3. While holding the gage by the barrel, attach the gage to the gage master. Connect the gage master finger tight. Do not overtighten.

4. Use the torque wrench recommended for use with your connector type to tighten the connecting nut to the gage master. Refer to Table 4-1 on page 4-18.

5. Type-N: Loosen the dial lock screw on the gage and rotate the gage dial so that the pointer corresponds to the correction value noted on the gage master. Do not adjust the gage dial to zero unless the correction value on the gage master is zero.

3.5 mm, 2.4 mm, and 7 mm: The gage pointer should line up exactly with the zero mark on the gage. If not, adjust the zero set knob or rotate the gage dial until the gage pointer lines up exactly with zero.

6. Tighten the dial lock screw and remove the gage master.

7. Attach and torque the gage master once again to verify that the setting is repeatable. Remove the gage master.

Chapter 4 4-13

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Gaging Connectors

Gaging Technique

CAUTION

Remove the collet when gaging 7 mm connectors.

1. Connect and torque the device being measured to the gage.

2. Gently tap the barrel of the gage with your finger to settle the gage reading.

3. Type-N and 7mm: Read the gage indicator dial. If the needle has moved clockwise, the center conductor is protruding by an amount indicated by the black numbers. If the needle has moved counterclockwise, the center conductor is recessed by an amount indicated by the red numbers.

3.5 mm and 2.4 mm: Read the gage indicator dial. Read only the black ± signs; not the red ± signs.

4. For maximum accuracy, measure the connector a minimum of three times and take an average of the readings. After each measurement, rotate the gage a quarter-turn to reduce measurement variations that result from the gage or the connector face not being exactly perpendicular to the center axis.

5. Compare the average reading with the observed pin depth limits in the tables located in

“Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-16 for each type of connector.

4-14 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Making Connections

Good connections are essential for accurate calibrations and measurements and require a skilled operator. The most common cause of measurement error is poor connections.

3.5 mm, 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm, 1.85 mm, Type-N, 7-16, and Type-F Devices

1. Handle the devices at a static-safe work station, only. See “Electrostatic Discharge” on

page 4-2.

2. Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically into the contact finger of the female connector.

CAUTION

3. Push the connectors straight together and tighten the connector nut finger tight. Do not twist or screw the connector together. As the center conductors mate, there is usually a slight resistance

4. The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make uniform, light contact. Do not overtighten this connection.

A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.

5. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the connection from long or heavy devices or cables.

6. Torque the connection according to the procedures described in “Final Connection Using

a Torque Wrench” on page 4-16.

Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.

7 mm Devices

1. Fully extend the connector sleeve on one of the connectors. Spin its knurled connector nut to make sure the threads are fully extended. Fully retract the sleeve on the other connector. The extended sleeve creates a cylinder into which the other connector fits.

If one of the connectors is fixed (such as on a test port), fully extend that connector sleeve and fully retract the sleeve on the moveable connector.

2. Carefully align the connectors. As you make the actual connection, be sure the connectors align perfectly.

3. Push the connectors straight together. Do not twist or screw the connectors together.

4. Engage the connector nut (of the connector with the retracted sleeve) over the threads of the other connector (the connector with the extended sleeve). Turn only the connector nut. Let the connector nut pull the two connectors straight together.

Chapter 4 4-15

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Making Connections

5. Do not overtighten this connection. A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.

6. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the connection from long or heavy devices or cables.

7. Torque the connection according to the procedures described in the following section.

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench

Using a torque wrench guarantees the connection is not too tight, preventing possible connector damage. It also guarantees that all connections are equally tight.

Use the recommended torque wrench to make a final connection. Table 4-1 on page 4-18 provides information on the torque wrench recommended for use with each connector type.

1. Turn the connector nut. This may be possible to do by hand if one of the connectors is fixed (as on a test port). However, it is recommended that you use an open-end wrench to keep the body of the device from turning.

2. Position both wrenches within 90 degrees of each other before applying force. Wrenches opposing each other (greater than 90 degrees apart) will cause a lifting action that can misalign and stress the connections of the device involved. This is especially true when several devices are connected together. Refer to Figure 4-6.

Figure 4-6 Wrench Positions

4-16 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Making Connections

3. Hold the torque wrench lightly, at the end of the handle only (beyond the groove). See

Figure 4-7.

Figure 4-7 Using the Torque Wrench

4. Carefully align the connectors. As you make the actual connection, be sure the connectors align perfectly.

5. Push the connectors straight together. Do not twist or screw the connectors together. Engage the connector nut over the threads of the other connector. Turn only the connector nut. Let the connector nut pull the two connectors straight together.

Do not over tighten this connection. A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.

6. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the connection from long or heavy devices or cables.

7. Apply force downward to the wrench handle. This applies torque to the connection through the wrench.

Do not hold the wrench so tightly that you push the handle straight down along its length rather than pivoting it, otherwise you apply an unknown amount of torque.

CAUTION

You don’t have to fully break the handle of the torque wrench to reach the specified torque; doing so can cause the handle to kick back and loosen the connection. Any give at all in the handle is sufficient torque.

8. Tighten the connection just to the torque wrench break point. The wrench handle gives way at its internal pivot point. Do not tighten the connection further. See Figure 4-7.

Chapter 4 4-17

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Making Connections

Table 4-1 ECal Module Torque Wrench Information

Connector Type

3.5 mm, 2.92 mm,

2.4 mm, 1.85 mm (test port)

3.5 mm, 2.92 mm,

2.4 mm, 1.85 mm (adapters)

Type-N 50, 75 Ω 8710-1766 3/4 in 135 N-cm (12 in-lb) ±13.5 N-cm (±1.2 in-lb)

7 mm 8710-1766 3/4 in 135 N-cm (12 in-lb) ±13.5 N-cm (±1.2 in-lb)

7-16 8710-2175 1 1/16 in 226 N-cm (20 in-lb) ±22.6 N-cm (±2 in-lb)

a. Many older Agilent calibration module manuals list different torque tolerances for the

various torque wrenches. The correct torque tolerance for Agilent torque wrenches is ±10% of the torque setting as listed in this table.

Torque Wrench Part Number

8710-1764 20 mm 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) ±9 N-cm (±0.8 in-lb)

8710-1765 5/16 in 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) ±9 N-cm (±0.8 in-lb)

Wrench Opening

Torque Setting

Torqu e To l er a nce

Separating Connections

To avoid lateral (bending) force on the connector mating plane surfaces, always support the devices and connections.

CAUTION

1. Use an open-end wrench or spanner wrench to prevent the device body from turning.

2. Use another open-end wrench or the torque wrench to loosen the connector nut.

3. Complete the separation by hand, turning only the connector nut.

4. Pull the connectors straight apart without twisting, rocking, or bending.

Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.

4-18 Chapter 4

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Handling and Storage

• Use the plastic end caps and store the calibration devices in the foam-lined storage case when not in use.

• Never store connectors loose in a box, in a desk, or in a bench drawer. This is the most common cause of connector damage during storage. Agilent recommends that you purchase the optional ECal Storage Box (not included with an ECal kit). This is a container for securing your ECal module and accessories, such as a USB cable, wrenches, and adaptors. For ordering information, see “Other ECal Accessories” on

page 6-11.

• Keep connectors clean.

• Do not touch mating plane surfaces. Natural skin oils and microscopic particles of dirt are easily transferred to a connector interface and are very difficult to remove.

• Do not set connectors contact-end down on a hard surface. The plating and the mating plane surfaces can be damaged if the interface comes in contact with any hard surface.

Chapter 4 4-19

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Handling and Storage

4-20 Chapter 4

5 Specifications and Characteristics

5-1

Specifications and Characteristics

Specifications: Terminology and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to Agilent’s 8509x, N443xA/B, and N469xA/B series of ECal modules. The definitions are specific to these modules and are not necessarily valid definitions for other Agilent Technologies products.

Table 5-1 Specifications and Characteristics Terminology

Terms Definitions

Operating Temperature Range The temperature range over which the ECal modules

maintain conformance to their specifications.

Error-Corrected Temperature Range

Measurement Calibration This calibration determines the corrections necessary for

Connector Pin Depth Values Pin depth is a relative measurement value between the

Electrical Specifications Warranted performance. Specifications include guard bands

Characteristic Performance A performance parameter that the product is expected to

The allowable network analyzer ambient temperature drift during measurement calibration and during measurements when network analyzer correction is turned on. It is also the range over which the network analyzer maintains its specified performance while correction is turned on. If this temperature range is exceeded, the error-corrected performance of the network analyzer is degraded.

accuracy-enhanced (correction on) measurements.

center conductor and outer conductor mating surfaces. All references to pin depth in this manual treat positive (+) values as protrusions of the center conductor, and negative (–) values as recessions of the center conductor. See “Typical

Pin Depth Values” on page 5-16.

to account for the expected statistical distribution, measurement uncertainties, and changes in performance due to environmental conditions. Included with Option UK6.

meet before it leaves the factory, but is not verified in the field and is not covered by the product warranty. A characteristic includes the same guard bands as a specification.

Typical Corrected Performance Expected performance of an average unit which does not

include guard bands. It is not covered by the product warranty.

5-2 Chapter 5

Environmental Specifications

Specifications and Characteristics

Environmental Specifications

NOTE

Samples of this product have been type-tested in accordance with the Agilent Environmental Test Manual and verified to be robust against the environmental stresses of storage, transportation and end-use; those stresses include but are not limited to temperature, humidity, shock, vibration, and power-line conditions. Test methods are aligned with IEC 60068-2 and levels

are similar to MIL-PRF-28800F Class 3.

Table 5-2 Environmental Specifications for all ECal Modules

Specifications Limits

Temp er at ur e

Operating (8509xC series) Operating (N443xA/B series) Operating (N469xA/B series) Storage Error-corrected range

Relative Humidity Type tested, 0% to 95% at 40°C, non-condensing

EMC EN/IEC 61326

+20 °C to +30 °C +20 °C to +30 °C +20 °C to +26 °C –40 °C to +70 °C ±1 °C of measurement calibration temperature

Operating Temperature and Accuracy Enhancement

Because the dimensions of critical components may vary over temperature, certain electrical characteristics may change as well. Thus, the operating temperature is a critical factor in its performance, and must be stable before use. In addition, excessive air flow can prevent the ECal module from warming up properly.

Measurement calibration, performance verification, and actual device measurements must be made within ±1 °C of the error-corrected operating temperature range specification of the network analyzer. If the ambient operating temperature drift of the network analyzer exceeds the allowable error-corrected temperature range, a new measurement calibration must be performed to ensure optimum accuracy.

NOTE

Avoid prolonged handling of the module, connectors, and cables. Your fingers are a heat source that can increase the temperature of these devices.

Barometric Pressure and Relative Humidity

Barometric pressure and relative humidity also affect module performance. The dielectric constant of the air between the inner and outer conductors of the module changes as the air pressure and humidity change.

Chapter 5 5-3

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

Characteristic performance for RF and microwave ECal modules are provided in the following tables, which describe non-warranted performance that most units exhibit.

8509x Series

Characteristic Performance for 85091C (7 mm)

Parameter Frequency Range

300 kHz

to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 52.0 56.0 55.0 45.0

Source Match (dB) 36 45.0 44.0 41.0 34.0

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.1 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.1

Transmission Tracking

Load Match (dB) 39 47.0 47.0 46.0 39.0

(±dB) 0.078 0.06 0.06 0.13 0.23

10 MHz to 1 GHz

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 9 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds +9 dBm, calibration results will be degraded

from the performance indicated in this table.

Characteristic Performance for 85092C (Type-N 50Ω)

Parameter Frequency Range

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 52.0 54.0 52.0 47.0

Source Match (dB) 36 45.0 44.0 41.0 36.0

10 MHz to 1 GHz

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 9 GHz

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.1 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.07

Transmission Tracking

Load Match (dB) 39 47.0 47.0 44.0 39.0

(±dB) 0.078 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.14

a. When applied power exceeds +9 dBm, calibration results will be degraded

from the performance indicated in this table.

5-4 Chapter 5

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

Characteristic Performance for 85093C (3.5 mm)

Parameter

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 52.0 52.0 50.5 47.0

Source Match (dB) 36 44.0 44.0 39.0 34.0

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.1 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07

Transmission Tracking

Load Match (dB) 39 47.0 47.0 44.0 40.0

(±dB) 0.078 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.12

10 MHz to 1 GHz

Frequency Range

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 9 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds +9 dBm, calibration results will be degraded

from the performance indicated in this table.

Characteristic Performance for 85096C (Type-N 75Ω)

Parameter

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Frequency Range

10 MHz

to 300 MHz

300 MHz to 1.3 GHz

1.3 GHz to 3 GHz

Directivity (dB) 45 50.0 48.0 43.0

Source Match (dB) 36 48.0 45.0 38.0

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.1 0.03 0.06 0.10

Transmission Tracking (±dB) 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.16

Load Match (dB) 39 43.0 41.0 39.0

a. When applied power exceeds +9 dBm, calibration results will be

degraded from the performance indicated in this table.

Chapter 5 5-5

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

Characteristic Performance for 85098C (7-16)

Parameter

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 47.0 50.0 46.0 45.0

Source Match (dB) 36 43.0 43.0 38.0 37.0

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.06

Transmission Tracking

Load Match (dB) 39 42.0 43.0 41.0 38.0

(±dB) 0.078 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10

10 MHz to 1 GHz

Frequency Range

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 7.5 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds +9 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from

the performance indicated in this table.

Characteristic Performancea for 85099C (Type-F)

Parameter

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Frequency Range

10 MHz to 300 MHz

300 MHz to 1.3 GHz

1.3 GHz to 3 GHz

Directivity (dB) 45 50.0 48.0 43.0

Source Match (dB) 36 48.0 45.0 38.0

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.03 0.07 0.15

Transmission Tracking

Load Match (dB) 39 43.0 41.0 39.0

(±dB) 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.167

a. When mated with male connectors with a 0.77 mm (.030 in) to 0.86

(0.34) pin diameter

b. When applied power exceeds +9 dBm, calibration results will be

degraded from the performance indicated in this table.

5-6 Chapter 5

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

N4431B (3.5 mm)

The characteristic performance in the following table applies to N4431B Option 010 (3.5 mm female connectors on all ports). The data describes performance when measuring “thru path” A-B, C-D, A-D and B-C.

Characteristic Performance for N4431B Option 010

Parameter

9 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 57 55 52 50 47

Source Match (dB) 36 50 47 45 44 43

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05

Transmission Tracking (±dB) 0.078 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.20

Load Match (dB) 39 47 46 45 44 42

10 MHz to 1 GHz

Frequency Range

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 to 8 GHz

8 to 9 GHz

9 to

13.5 GHz

0.10

0.33

a. When applied power exceeds +7 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

b. Performance from 9 kHz to 300 kHz is valid only for the E5071C ENA network analyzer

with firmware version A.09.10 or higher.

c. N4431B only.

The characteristic performance in the following table applies to N4431B Option 010 (3.5 mm female connectors on all ports). The data describes performance when measuring “thru path” A-C and B-D.

Characteristic Performance for N4431B Option 010a

Parameter

9 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 57 55 52 50 47

Source Match (dB) 36 50 47 45 44 43

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match (dB) 39 47 46 45 45 43

0.078

10 MHz to 1 GHz

0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14

Frequency Range

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHZ to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 8 GHz

8 GHz to 9 GHz

9 GHz to 13.5 GHz

0.10

0.30

a. When applied power exceeds +7 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

b. Performance from 9 kHz to 300 kHz is valid only for the E5071C ENA network analyzer

with firmware version A.09.10 or higher.

Chapter 5 5-7

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

N4431B (Type-N 50 Ω)

The characteristic performance in the following table applies to N4431B Option 020 (type-N female connectors on all ports). The data describes performance when measuring

“thru path” A-B, C-D, A-D and B-C.

Characteristic Performance for N4431B Option 020

Parameter

9 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 55 52 47 44 42

Source Match (dB) 36 47 43 42 40 39

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match (dB) 39 47 45 40 38 35

0.078 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.20 0.22

10 MHz to 1 GHz

Frequency Range

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 8 GHz

8 GHz to 9 GHz

9 toc

13.5 GHz

0.11

0.35

a. When applied power exceeds +7 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

b. Performance from 9 kHz to 300 kHz is valid only for the E5071C ENA network

analyzer with firmware version A.09.10 or higher.

c. N4431B only.

The characteristic performance in the following table applies to N4431B Option 020 (type-N female connectors on all ports). The data describes performance when measuring “thru path” A-C and B-D.

Characteristic Performance for N4431B Option 020a

Parameter

9 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 55 52 47 44 42

Source Match (dB) 36 47 43 42 40 39

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match (dB) 39 47 45 40 38 36

0.078 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.15 0.16

10 MHz to 1 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds +7 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

b. Performance from 9 kHz to 300 kHz is valid only for the E5071C ENA network analyzer

with firmware version A.09.10 or higher.

5-8 Chapter 5

Frequency Range

1 GHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 8 GHz

8 GHz to 9 GHz

9 GHz to

13.5 GHz

0.11

0.32

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

N4432A (Type-N 50 Ω)

The characteristic performance in the following table applies to N4432A Option 020 (type-N female connectors on all ports).

Characteristic Performance for N4432A Option 020 (type-N female connectors on all ports)

Parameter Frequency Range

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 52 47 41 42

Source Match (dB) 35 41 37 34 34

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.14

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match (dB)

a. When applied power exceeds -7 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

b. Values based on using the PNA Network Analyzer N5230A Option 240 or 245.

0.082 0.046 0.062 0.089 0.084

39 45 40 36 37

10 MHz to 5 GHz

5 GHz to 9 GHz

9 GHz to

13.5 GHz

13.5 GHz to 18 GHz

N4433A (3.5 mm)

The characteristic performance in the following table applies to N4433A Option 010 (3.5 mm female connectors on all ports).

Characteristic Performance for N4433A Option 010 (3.5 mm female connectors on all ports)

Parameter Frequency Range

300 kHz to 10 MHz

Directivity (dB) 45 52 47 45 45

Source Match (dB) 36 42 39 37 31

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.18

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match (dB)

a. When applied power exceeds -7 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from

the performance indicated in this table.

b. Values based on using the PNA Network Analyzer N5230A Option 240 or 245.

Chapter 5 5-9

0.078 0.045 0.057 0.069 0.160

39 45 41 39 35

10 MHz to 5 GHz

5 GHz to 9 GHz

9 GHz to

13.5 GHz

13.5 to 20 GHz

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

N469xA/B Series

Characteristic Performance for N4690B (Type-N 50 Ω)

Parameter

Directivity (dB)

Source Match (dB)

Reflection Tracking (±dB)

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match w/ ECal Thru (dB)

300 kHz to 2 MHz

2 MHz to 10 MHz

30 40

28 35

0.12 0.07

0.15 0.12

24 29

Frequency Range

10 MHz to 500 MHz

45 48 46 42

40 43 40 35

0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05

0.08 0.07 0.07 0.12

35 42 41 38

500 MHz to 2 GHz

2 GHz to 10 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds -5 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

Characteristic Performance for N4691B (3.5 mm)

Parameter

300 kHz to 2 MHz

2 MHz to 10 MHz

10 MHz to 500 MHz

Frequency Range

500 MHz to 2 GHz

2 GHz to 10 GHz

10 GHz to 20 GHz

10 GHz to 18 GHz

20 GHz to

26.5 GHz

Directivity (dB)

Source Match (dB)

Reflection Tracking (±dB)

Transmission Tracking (±dB)

Load Match w/ ECal Thru (dB)

31 41

29 36

0.11 0.06

0.14 0.11

26 31

46 56 54 48 44

41 47 45 44 40

0.05 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05

0.07 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.12

37 45 49 45 40

a. When applied power exceeds -5 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

5-10 Chapter 5

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

Characteristic Performance for N4692A (2.92 mm)

Parameter

10 to 45 MHz

Directivity (dB) 35 45 43 39 38

Source Match (dB) 30 36 35 30 29

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.10

Transmission Tracking (±dB) 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.20 0.25

Load Match

(dB)

27 36 37 33 33

Frequency Range

45 MHz to 2 GHz

2 to 20 GHz

20 to 30 GHz

30 to 40 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds -5 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from

the performance indicated in this table.

Characteristic Performance for N4693A (2.4 mm)

Parameter Frequency Range

10 to 45 MHz

45 MHz to 2 GHz

2 to 10 GHz

10 to 20 GHz

20 to 40 GHz

40 to 50 GHz

Directivity (dB) 32 55 49 45 43 41

Source Match (dB) 25 46 42 37 35 30

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08

Transmission Tracking

Load Match

(dB)

(±dB) 0.10 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.17

24 45 42 40 38 36

a. When applied power exceeds -5 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

Chapter 5 5-11

Specifications and Characteristics

Characteristic Performance

Characteristic Performance for N4694A (1.85 mm)

Parameter Frequency Range

10 to 45 MHz

Directivity (dB) 33 50 50 46 44 42 41 38

Source Match (dB) 25 38 39 35 34 33 30 27

Reflection Tracking (±dB) 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09

Transmission Tracking (±dB) 0.15 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.19 0.25

Load Match

(dB)

25 41 44 42 40 38 36 32

45 MHz to 2 GHz

2 to 20 GHz

20 to 30 GHz

30 to 40 GHz

40 to 50 GHz

50 to 60 GHz

60 to 67 GHz

a. When applied power exceeds -5 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

Characteristic Performance for N4696B (7 mm)

Parameter Frequency Range

300 kHz to 2 MHz

2 MHz to 10 MHz

10 MHz to 500 MHz

500 MHz to 2 GHz

2 GHz to 10 GHz

10 GHz to 18 GHz

Directivity (dB)

Source Match (dB)

Reflection Tracking (±dB)

Transmission Tracking

Load Match

w/ ECal Thru (dB)

(±dB)

30 40

28 35

0.12 0.07

0.14 0.11

25 30

46 45 50 42

40 40 42 36

0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05

0.07 0.04 0.07 0.10

36 40 45 39

a. When applied power exceeds -5 dBm, calibration results will be degraded from the

performance indicated in this table.

5-12 Chapter 5

Specifications and Characteristics

Mechanical Characteristics

Mechanical characteristics, such as center conductor protrusion and pin depth, are not warranted performance specifications. They are, however, important supplemental characteristics related to the electrical performance of devices. Agilent Technologies verifies the mechanical characteristics of the devices with special gaging processes and electrical testing. These processes ensure that the device connectors do not exhibit any excess center conductor protrusion or improper pin depth when the module leaves the factory.

“Gaging Connectors” on page 4-8 explains how to use pin-depth gages. Refer to “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-16 for typical and observed pin depth limits.

Pin Depth

Pin depth is the distance the center conductor mating plane differs from being flush with the outer connector mating plane. The pin depth of a connector can be in one of two states: protrusion or recession. The pin depth for a 3.5 mm connector is shown in Figure 5-1, although the description also applies to 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm, or 1.85 mm connectors. Typical pin depths for ECal connectors are listed in “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-16.

Protrusion occurs when the center conductor extends beyond the outer conductor mating plane. It reads as a positive value on the connector gage.

Recession occurs when the center conductor is set back from the outer conductor mating plane. It reads as a negative value on the gage.

Figure 5-1 Pin Depth for a 3.5 mm Connectors

Chapter 5 5-13

Specifications and Characteristics

Mechanical Characteristics

Type-N Characteristics

With type-N and 7-16 connectors, the shoulder position of the male contact pin (not the position of the tip) defines the position of the center conductor. The male contact pin slides into the female contact fingers; the inside surfaces of the tip of the female contact fingers on the sides of the male contact pin provide electrical contact.

Type-N connectors differ from most connector types in that the outer conductor mating plane is offset from the mating plane of the center conductor (see Figure 5-2). The outer conductor in the male connector extends in front of the shoulder of the male contact pin. When you make a connection, this outer conductor fits into a recess in the female outer conductor behind the plane defined by the tip of the female contact fingers.

Figure 5-2 Pin Depth for Type-N Connectors

Critical Type-N Mechanical Characteristics

CAUTION

Never use a type-N connector if the possibility of interference between the shoulder of the male contact pin and the tip of the female contact fingers exists.

Irreparable damage will occur if a male 50 Ω type-N connector is mated to a female 75 Ω type-N connector. If you use both 75 Ω and 50 Ω type-N connectors, mark the 75 Ω connectors so that they are never accidentally mated with 50 Ω connectors. The diameter of the center conductor, male contact pin, and female contact hole are smaller on 75 Ω connectors.

• Minimum protrusion of the female center conductor in front of the outer conductor mating plane is 5.182 mm or 0.204 inches.

• Maximum protrusion of the female center conductor in front of the outer conductor mating plane is 5.258 mm or 0.207 inches.

• Minimum recession of the shoulder of the male contact pin behind the outer conductor mating plane is 5.258 mm or 0.207 inches.

5-14 Chapter 5

Specifications and Characteristics

Mechanical Characteristics

• Maximum recession of the shoulder of the male contact pin behind the outer conductor mating plane is 5.334 mm or 0.210 inches.

In the Agilent precision specification for type-N connectors, the minimum allowable recession for the male contact pin shoulder is 0.001 inches less than in the MIL-C-39012, Class II specification. Agilent Technologies type-N pin depth gages set “zero” on the gage to be equal to a nominal 5.258 mm (0.207 inches) offset.

As type-N connectors wear, the protrusion of the female contact-fingers generally increases. This is due to the wear of the outer conductor mating plane inside the female connector. It is necessary to check this periodically as it decreases the total center conductor contact separation.

Chapter 5 5-15

Specifications and Characteristics

Typical Pin Depth Values

The pin depth value of each device is not specified, but is an important mechanical parameter. The electrical performance of the device depends, to some extent, on its pin depth. The electrical specifications for each module takes into account the effect of pin depth on the device’s performance. The following tables list the typical pin depths and measurement uncertainties, and provides observed pin depth limits for the devices. If the pin depth of a device does not measure within the observed pin depth limits, it may be an indication that the device fails to meet electrical specification. Refer to Figure 5-1 and

Figure 5-2 for a visual representation of proper pin depth (slightly recessed).

NOTE

Agilent Technologies does not supply pin depth gages for 7-16 connectors. The 7-16 module adapter pin depth is set at 0 to −38.1 micrometers recessed from the nominal 1.77 mm offset between inner conductor and outer conductor mating planes.

Table 5- 3 Type-N 50 Ω Connector Pin Depth Characteristics

Typical Pin Depth

Device

Type-N 50 Ω ECal Module (85092C, N4431B Opt. 020, N4432A Opt. 020)

Type-N 50 Ω ECal Module (N4690B)

Type-N 50 Ω Adapter

a. Measured from a 5.258 mm (0.207 inches) nominal offset. b. Approximately +2 sigma to –2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies performed at the factory

using precision digital gages according to recommended procedures.

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–25.4 to –50.8

(–10.0 to –20.0)

–5.1 to –15.2 (–2.0 to –6.0)

0 to –12.7 (0 to –5.0)

Measurement

Uncertainty

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

+3.8 to –3.8

(+1.5 to –1.5)

+3.8 to –3.8

(+1.5 to –1.5)

+3.8 to –3.8

(+1.5 to –1.5)

Observed Pin Depth

Limits

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–21.6 to –54.6

(–8.5 to –21.5)

–1.3 to –19.0 (–0.5 to –7.5)

+3.8 to –16.5

(+1.5 to –6.5)

5-16 Chapter 5

Table 5-4 3.5 mm Connector Pin Depth Characteristics

Specifications and Characteristics

Typical Pin Depth Values

Device

3.5 mm ECal Module (85093C, N4433A, N4431B

Typical Pin Depth

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–25.4 to –50.8

(–10.0 to –20.0)

Measurement

Uncertainty

in Micrometers

–4

inches)

(10

4.1

(1.6)

Observed Pin Depth

Limits

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–29.5 to –54.9 (–8.4 to –21.6)

Opt. 010)

3.5 mm ECal Module (N4691B)

3.5 mm Adapter

–2.5 to –15.2

(–1.0 to –6.0)

0 to 25.4

(0 to 10)

4.1

(1.6)

4.1

(1.6)

1.6 to –19.3

(0.6 to –7.6)

4.1 to –29.5

(1.6 to –11.6)

a. Approximately +2 sigma to –2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies performed at the factory

using precision digital gages according to recommended procedures.

Table 5-5 7 mm Connector Pin Depth Characteristics

Device

7 mm ECal Module (85091C, N4432A)

Typical Pin Depth

in Micrometers

–4

inches)

(10

–25.4 to –50.8

(–10.0 to –20.0)

Measurement

Uncertainty

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

3.8

(1.5)

Observed Pin Depth

Limits

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–21.6 to –54.6 (–8.5 to –21.5)

7 mm ECal Module (N4696B)

–2.5 to –15.2

(–1.0 to –6.0)

3.8

(1.5)

1.3 to –19

(0.5 to –7.5)

a. Approximately +2 sigma to –2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies performed at the factory

using precision digital gages according to recommended procedures.

Table 5-6 2.92 mm Connector Pin Depth Characteristics

Typical Pin Depth

Device

2.92 mm ECal Module

2.92 mm Adapter

in Micrometers

(10–4 inches)

–2.5 to –15.2

(–1.0 to –6.0)

0 to 38.1

(0 to 15)

a. Approximately +2 sigma to –2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies performed at the factory

using precision digital gages according to recommended procedures.

Measurement

Uncertainty

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

3.0

(1.2)

3.0

(1.2)

Observed Pin Depth

Limits

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

0.5 to –18.2 (0.2 to –7.2)

3.0 to –41.1

(1.2 to –16.2)

Chapter 5 5-17

Specifications and Characteristics

Typical Pin Depth Values

Table 5-7 2.4 mm Connector Pin Depth Characteristics

Device

2.4 mm ECal Module

2.4 mm Adapter

Typical Pin Depth

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–2.5 to –15.2

(–1.0 to –6.0)

0 to 38.1

(0 to 15)

Measurement

Uncertainty

in Micrometers

–4

inches)

(10

3.0

(1.2)

3.0

(1.2)

Observed Pin Depth

Limits

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

0.5 to –18.2 (0.2 to –7.2)

3.0 to –41.1

(1.2 to –16.2)

a. Approximately +2 sigma to –2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies performed at the factory

using precision digital gages according to recommended procedures.

Table 5-8 1.85 mm Connector Pin Depth Characteristics

Device

1.85 mm ECal Module

1.85 mm Adapter

Typical Pin Depth

in Micrometers

–4

(10

inches)

–2.5 to –15.2

(–1.0 to –6.0)

0 to 38.1

(0 to 15)

Measurement

Uncertainty

in Micrometers

–4

inches)

(10

3.0

(1.2)

3.0

(1.2)

Observed Pin Depth

Limits

in Micrometers

–4

inches)

(10

0.5 to –18.2 (0.2 to –7.2)

3.0 to –41.1

(1.2 to –16.2)

a. Approximately +2 sigma to –2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies performed at the factory

using precision digital gages according to recommended procedures.

5-18 Chapter 5

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics

Table 5-9 8509x Series Mechanical Characteristics

Characteristic Limits

Net weight with case

Standard 2.7 kilograms (5.9 lbs)

Shipping weight

Standard 4.3 kilograms (9.5 lbs)

Shipping dimensions

Length Width Height

45.7 cm (17.82 inches)

26.2 cm (10.22 inches)

13.3 cm (5.19 inches)

Specifications and Characteristics

Table 5-10 N4431B Series Mechanical Characteristics

Characteristic Limits

Net weight with case

Standard 2.9 kilograms (6.3 lbs)

Shipping weight

Standard 4.5 kilograms (9.9 lbs)

Shipping dimensions

Length Width Height

45.7cm (17.82 inches)

26.2 cm (10.22 inches)

13.3 cm (5.19 inches)

Table 5-11 N469xA/B Series Mechanical Characteristics

Characteristic Limits

Net weight with case

Standard 2.7 kilograms (5.9 lbs)

Shipping weight

Standard 4.3 kilograms (9.5 lbs)

Shipping dimensions

Length Width Height

Chapter 5 5-19

45.7 cm (17.82 inches)

26.2 cm (10.22 inches)

13.3 cm (5.19 inches)

Specifications and Characteristics

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics

Table 5-12 N443xA Series Mechanical Characteristics

Characteristic Limits

Net weight with case

Standard 2.8 kilograms (6.2 lbs)

Shipping weight

Standard 4.4 kilograms (9.7 lbs)

Shipping container dimensions

Length Width Height

45.7 cm (17.82 inches)

26.2 cm (10.22 inches)

13.3 cm (5.19 inches)

5-20 Chapter 5

Mechanical Dimensions of the Modules

Figure 5-3 8509x Modules (RF 2-Port)

Specifications and Characteristics

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics

Chapter 5 5-21

Specifications and Characteristics

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics

Figure 5-4 N4431B Module (RF 4-Port)

5-22 Chapter 5

Figure 5-5 N469xA/B Modules (Microwave 2-Port)

Specifications and Characteristics

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics

Chapter 5 5-23

Specifications and Characteristics

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics

Figure 5-6 N4432A and N4433A Modules (Microwave 4-Port)

5-24 Chapter 5

Specifications and Characteristics

Measurement Uncertainty Calculator

This section provides information about determining the uncertainty of the measurements on your network analyzer.

Download the Vector Network Analyzer Uncertainty Calculator

You can download a program from Agilent that provides the measurement uncertainty associated with your vector network analyzer measurement and ECal module. Go to

www.agilent.com/find/na_calculator and follow the instructions on the Web site to

download the program.

The program uses your Agilent network analyzer model number, your ECal module model number, and electrical limits to calculate specific uncertainty charts for your network

analyzer. The program is Microsoft® spreadsheet to calculate, graph, and display uncertainty curves.

Windows®2 based and uses a Microsoft Excel

1. Microsoft® is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

2. Windows® is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Chapter 5 5-25

Specifications and Characteristics

Measurement Uncertainty Calculator

5-26 Chapter 5

6 Replaceable Parts

6-1

Replaceable Parts

Description of This Chapter

The following tables contain the replaceable part numbers for ECal options and accessories. Refer to “Inspecting ECal Module Kit” on page 2-2 for the contents of each kit. To order a part, note the description, Agilent part number, and the quantity desired. Telephone or send your order to Agilent Technologies. See “Contacting Agilent” on page

1-15.

7 mm Modules and Accessories

Description

Wrenches

3/4 in, 135 N-cm (12 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with 7 mm kits) 1/2 in to 9/16 in open-ended wrench (supplied with N4696B)

Protective End Caps

DB25 multi-pin connector cap 7 mm connector cap 36-pin connector cap, ESD protected

Gages and Accessories

7 mm pin depth gage and master 1 85050-80012

Other

Electronic calibration module reference manual USB cable, 1.8 meter Adapter cable, DB25 to AMP Champ (36-pin) Storage box for the ECal module and accessories

a. See “Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface” on page 1-2. b. See “Printing Copies of On-Line Documentation” on page -iv

Qty Part Number

as required as required as required

1 1 1 1

8710-1766

8710-1770

1252-4690 1401-0249 N4693-40002

N4693-90001 8121-0506 8121-1047 N4693-60042

6-2 Chapter 6

Type-N (50 ohm) Modules and Accessories

Replaceable Parts

Description

Adapters (added with Option 00A)

Type-N (50 Ω) -f- to -f- adapter Type-N (50 Ω) -m- to -m- adapter

Wrenches

3/4 in, 135 N-cm (12 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with type-N kits) 1/2 in to 9/16 in open-ended wrench (supplied with N4690B)

Protective End Caps

DB-25 multi-pin connector cap Type-N -f- connector cap Type-N -m- connector cap 36-pin connector cap, ESD protected

Gages and Accessories

Type-N pin depth gages (-m- and -f- gages and masters) 85054-60049

Other

Electronic calibration module reference manual Connector care quick reference card (part of reference manual) USB cable A to B 1.8 meter Adapter cable, DB25 to AMP Champ (36-pin) Storage box for the ECal module and accessories

Qty

1 1

as required as required as required as required

1 1 1 1

Part Number

85054-60037 85054-60038

8710-1766 8710-1770

1252-4690 1401-0225 1401-0214 N4693-40002

N4693-90001

08510-90360 8121-0506 8121-1047 N4693-60042

a. See “Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface” on page 1-2. b. See “Printing Copies of On-Line Documentation” on page -iv

Chapter 6 6-3

Replaceable Parts

3.5 mm Modules and Accessories

Description

Adapters (added with Option 00A)

Qty Part Number

3.5 mm -f- to -f- adapter

3.5 mm -m- to -m- adapter

Wrenches

20 mm, 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with all 3.5 mm kits) 5/16 in, 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with N4691B, N443xA/B, 85093C kits) Spanner wrench (supplied with N4691B) 1/2 in to 9/16 in open-ended wrench (supplied with N4691B)

Protective End Caps

DB-25 multi-pin connector cap

3.5 mm connector cap (for module)

3.5 mm -f- connector cap (for adapter)

3.5 mm -m- connector cap (for adapter) 36-pin connector cap, ESD protected

Gages and Accessories

3.5 mm -f- pin-depth gage

3.5 mm -m- pin-depth gage

Other

Electronic calibration module reference guide

Connector care quick reference card (part of reference manual) USB cable, 1.8 meter Adapter cable, DB25 to AMP Champ (36-pin) Storage box for the ECal module and accessories

1 1

1 1 1

as required as required as required as required as required

1 1

1 1 1

85052-60012 85052-60014

8710-1764

8710-1765 08513-20014 8710-1770

1252-4690 1401-0214 1401-0202 1401-0208 N4693-40002

11752-60105 11752-60106

N4693-90001 08510-90360

8121-0506 8121-1047 N4693-60042

a. See “Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface” on page 1-2. b. A 3.5 mm gage is capable of measuring 3.5 mm and 2.92 mm connectors. c. See “Printing Copies of On-Line Documentation” on page -iv

6-4 Chapter 6

7-16 Modules and Accessories

Replaceable Parts

7-16 Modules and Accessories

Description

Adapters (added with Option 00A)

7-16 -f- to -f- adapter 7-16 -m- to -m- adapter

Wrenches

1-1/16 in, 226 N-cm (20 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with kit) 15/16 in open-ended wrench (supplied with kit)

Protective End Caps

DB-25 multi-pin connector cap 7-16 -m- connector cap 7-16 -f- connector cap

Other

Electronic calibration module reference manual Connector care quick reference card (part of reference manual) USB Cable, 1.8 meter Storage box for the ECal module and accessories

a. See “Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface” on page 1-2. b. See “Printing Copies of On-Line Documentation” on page -iv

as required as required as required

Qty Part Number

1 1

1 1 1 1

11906-80016 11906-80015

8710-2175 8710-2174

1252-4690 1401-0417 1401-0418

N4693-90001 08510-90360 8121-0506 N4693-60042

Chapter 6 6-5

Replaceable Parts

2.92 mm Modules and Accessories

Description

Adapters (added with Option 00A)

2.92 mm female to female adapter

2.92 mm male to male adapter

Wrenches

20 mm, 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with kit) 5/16 in, 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) torque wrench (supplied with kit) Spanner wrench (supplied with kit) 1/2 in to 9/16 in open-ended wrench (supplied with kit)

Protective End Caps

2.92 mm connector cap (for module)

2.92 mm female connector cap (for adapter)

2.92 mm male connector cap (for adapter) 36-pin connector cap, ESD protected

Gages

3.5 mm female pin-depth gage

3.5 mm male pin-depth gage

Other

Qty Part Number

1 1

1 1 1 1

as required as required as required as required

N4692-60022 N4692-60021

8710-1764 8710-1765 08513-20014 8710-1770

1401-0214 1401-0202 1401-0208 N4693-40002

11752-60105 11752-60106

Electronic calibration module reference manual

Connector care quick reference card (part of reference manual) USB cable, 1.8 meters Adapter cable, DB25 to AMP Champ (36-pin) Storage box for the ECal module and accessories

1 1 1 1 1

N4693-90001 08510-90360 8121-0506 8121-1047 N4693-60042

6-6 Chapter 6

Agilent N4431A Reference Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Table of Contents Contents-v

1 General Information

Manual Overview

Prerequisite Knowledge

Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface

Accuracy of Electronic Calibration versus Mechanical Calibration

When to Calibrate

Models and Options

8509x Modules (RF Two-Port)

N4431B Modules (RF Four-Port)

N469xA/B Modules (Microwave Two-Port)

8506x Modules

N4432A and N4433A Modules (Microwave Four-Port)

Compatible Network Analyzers

Service and Recertification

Contacting Agilent

Returning Devices to Agilent

Recertification of ECal Modules

Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety Notices

Instrument Markings

Compliance Notices

2 Preparing ECal for Use

Inspecting ECal Module Kit

Inspect the Kit Contents

Record the Serial Number

Verify Electrical Performance

Equipment Required but Not Supplied

8509x Series Kit Contents

8509x Options

N4431B Series Kit Contents

N4431B Options

N469xA/B Series Kit Contents

N4432A and N4433A Series Kit Contents

N469xA/B Options

N4432A Options

N4433A Options

Operating and Safety Precautions

ESD Damage

Connector Care

Input Power Level

Operating Temperature

Connecting and Disconnecting ECal Module

Connect ECal Module to PNA or ENA Analyzer

Connect ECal Module to VNA Analyzer

3 Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration

Required Procedure for All Calibrations

Calibration Types Available

When to Correct for Isolation

Calibration Methods for Non-Insertable Devices

Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration

Validating a Calibration

Why Validate a Calibration

Measure Known Standards

Perform ECal Confidence Check

Electrostatic Discharge

Visual Inspection

Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First

Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces

Inspect Female Connectors

Cleaning Connectors

Cleaning Coax Connectors

Cleaning Precision 7 mm Connectors

Gaging Connectors

Connector Gage Accuracy

When to Gage Connectors

Recognizing Gage Types

Reading the Connector Gage

Gaging Procedures

Making Connections

3.5 mm, 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm, 1.85 mm, Type-N, 7-16, and Type-F Devices

7 mm Devices

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench

Separating Connections

Handling and Storage