Agilent E6380A Data Sheet

Agilent Technologies 8935 Series E6380A

CDMA Cellular/PCS Base Station Test Set

Application Guide

Firmware Version: B.03.10 and above

Agilent Part Number E6380-90016

Revision F

Printed in UK

January 2001

Notice

Information contained in this document is subject to change without
notice.

All Rights Reserved. Reproduct i on, adaptation, or translation without
prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the
copyright laws.

This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government
pursuant to the Copyright License under the clause a t DFARS

52.227-7013 (APR 1988).
© Copyright 2001 Agilent Technologies

Contents

General Information

Manufacturer's Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Product Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Agilent Technologies Warranty Statement for Commercial Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Power Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Trademark Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Getting Started with CDMA Test

About the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Manual and Automatic Operation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Display a CDMA Signal (Loopback Test) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Tests That You Can Perform with the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Setup and Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Code Domain Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

IQ Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

PN Offset Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Rho (Modulation Quality) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Transmit Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Utility Procedures

Beeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Changing Between Channel Mode and Frequency Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Changing Between IS-95 Mode and IS-2000 Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Measuring Insertion Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Memory Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Oscilloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Ports: GPIB, Serial and Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Power Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Measuring Swept Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Software: Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Tracking Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

User Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

3

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

1

General Information

This chapter contains generic information about the product, safety,
warranty, sales and service offices, power cables, and other information.

5

General Information

Manufacturer's Declaration

Manufacturer's Declaration

This statement is provided to comply with the requir ements of the
German Sound Emission Directive, from 18 January 1991.

This product has the following sound pressure emission specification:

• sound pressure Lp <70 dB(A)

• at the operator position

• under normal operation

• according to ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Type Test).

Herstellerbescheinigung

Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anf orderungen der
Maschinenlärminformationsverordnung vom 18 Januar 1991.

• Schalldruckpegel Lp < 70 dB(A).

•Am Arbeitsplatz.

• Normaler B e trieb.

• Nach ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Typprüfung).

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Safety Considerations

GENERAL
This product and related documentation must be reviewed for

familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation.
This product has been designed and tested in acc ordance with IEC

Publication 61010-1+A1+A2:1992 Safety Requirements for Electrical
Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use and has
been supplied in a safe condition. This instruction documentation
contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user
to ensure safe operation and to maintain t he product i n a safe cond ition.

SAFETY EARTH GROUND
A uninterruptible safety earth ground must be provided from the main

power source to the product input wiring terminals, power cord, or
supplied power cord set.

General Information

Manufacturer's Declaration

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

CHASSIS GROUND TERMINAL
To prevent a potential shock hazard, always connect the rear-panel

chassis ground terminal to earth ground whe n operating this
instrument from a dc power source.

SAFETY SYMBOLS

Indicates instrument damage can occur if indicated oper ating limits are

!

exceeded. Refer to the instructions in this guide.
Indicates hazardous volt ages.
Indicates earth (ground) term inal

WARNING

CAUTION

A WARNING note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a
procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly
performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury. Do not
proceed beyond a W ARNING s ign until the indicated conditi ons
are fully understood and met.

A CAUTION note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operation
procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the
product. Do not proceed beyond an CAUTION note until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and met.

Chapter 1 7

General Information

Manufacturer's Declaration

Safety Considerations for this Instrument

WARNING

Whenever it is likely that t he pr otect ion has be en impaire d, the
instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against
any unintended operation.

If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer (for
voltage reduction), make sure the common terminal is
connected to the earth terminal of the power source.

If this product is not used as specified, the protection provided
by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used
in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are
intact) only.

No operator serviceable parts in this product. Refer servicing
to qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not
remove covers.

Servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only.
To avoid electrica l shock, do n ot perform any servicing unless
you are qualified to do so.

The opening of covers or removal of parts is likely to expose
dangerous voltages. Disconnect the product from all voltage
sources while it is being opened.

Adjustments described in the manual are performed with
power supplied to the instrument while protective covers are
removed. Energy avai lable at many points may, if contacted,
result in personal injury.

For Continued protection against fire hazard, replace the line
fuse(s) with T 250 V 5.0 A fuse(s) or the same current rating and
type. Do not use repaired fuses or short circuited fuseholders.

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General Information

Manufacturer's Declaration

WARNING

This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a

!

protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord).
The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet
provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of
the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is
likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption
is prohibited.

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

Chapter 1 9

General Information

Manufacturer's Declaration

WARNING

Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this
product. Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not
using this cord may cause personal injury and/or product
damage.

This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and
Pollution Degree 3 per IEC 61010 and IEC 60664 respectively.

This product has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the
supply voltage is within the specified range.

To prevent electrical shock, disconnect instrument from mains
(line) before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampen ed
with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to
clean internally.

Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a
cabinet, the convection into and out of the product must not be
restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must
be less than the maximum operating temperature of the
product by 4° C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet. If
the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800
watts, then forced convection must be used.

Lifting and Handling

When lifting and handling the Agilent 8935 CDMA Cellular/PCS Base
Station Test Set use ergonomically correct procedu res. Lift and c arry by
the strap on the side panel.

When moving the Test Set more than a few feet, be sure to replace the
front screen cover.

Consumables

Two AA alkalyne batteries are supplied with the Test Set and must be
replaced periodically. When replacing batteries always dispose of old
batteries in a conscientious manner, following manufacturer’s
instructions.

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Product Markings

General Information

Product Markings

The CE mark shows that the product complies with all relevant
European legal Directives (if accompanied by a year, it signifies when
the design was proven).

The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards
Association.

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

Chapter 1 11

General Information

Certification

Certification

Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published
specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent further
certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United
States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent
allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration
facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

.

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DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and CEN/CENELEC EN45014

Manufacturer’s Name: Agilent Technologies UK Limited

General Information

Certification

Manufacturer’s Address:

Electronic Products Solutions Group - Queensferry
South Queensferry
West Lothian, EH30 9TG
Scotland, United Kingdom

Declares that the product

Product Name

:

Model Number:
Product Options:

CDMA Base Station Test Set
E6380A
This declaration covers all options of the above product as

detailed in TCF A-5951-9852-02.

EMC:

Conforms with the protection requirements of European Council Directive 89/336/EEC on the
approximation of the laws of the member states relating to electromagnetic compatibility,
against EMC test specifications EN 55011:1991 (Group 1, Class A) and EN 50082-1:1992.

As Detailed in: Electromagnetic C ompatibility (EMC)

Technical Construction File (TCF) No. A-5951-9852-02.

Assessed by: DTI Appointed Competent Body

Technical Report Number:6893/2201/CBR, dated 23 September 1997

EMC Test Centre,
GEC-Marconi Avionics Ltd.,
Maxwell Building,
Donibristle Industrial Park,
Hillend,
Dunfermline
KY11 9LB
Scotland, United Kingdom

Safety:

The product conforms to the following safety standards:

IEC 61010-1(1990) +A1(1992) +A2(1995) / EN 61010-1:1993
IEC 60825-1(1993) / EN 60825-1:1994
Canada / CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-93

The product herewi th complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC,
and carries the CE mark accordingly

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

South Queensferry, Scotland. 1st November 2000

R.M. Evans / Manufacturing

Engineering Manager

For further information, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent, or distributor.

Chapter 1 13

General Information

Agilent Technologies Warranty Statement for Commercial Products

Agilent Te chnologies Warranty Statement
for Commercial Products

E6380A CDMA/Cellular PCS Base Station Test Set

Duration of
Warranty: 1 Year

1. Agilent warrants Agilent hardware, accessor ies and supplies against
defects in materials and work manship fo r the period spec ified above .
If Agilent receives notice of such defects during the warran ty period,
Agilent will, at its option, either repair or replace products which
prove to be defective. Replacement products may be either new or
like-new.

2. Agilent warrants that Agilent software will not fail to execute its
programming instructions, for the period specified above, due to
defects in material and workmanship when properly installed and
used. If Agilent receives notice of such defects during the warranty
period, Agilent will replace software media which does not execute
its programming instructions due to such defects.

3. Agilent does not warrant that the operation of Agilent products will
be uninterrupted or error free. If Agilent is unable, wit hin a
reasonable time, to repair or replace any product to a condition as
warranted, customer will be entitled to a refund of the purchase
price upon prompt return of the product.

4. Agilent products may contain remanufactured part s equivalent to
new in performance or may have been subject to incidental use.

5. The warranty period begins on the date of delivery or on the date of
installation if installed by Agilent. If customer schedules or delays
Agilent installation more than 30 days after delivery, warranty
begins on the 31st day from delivery.

6. Warranty does not apply to defects resulting from (a) improper or
inadequate maintenance or calibration, (b) software, interfacing,
parts or supplies not supplied by Agilent, (c) unauthor ized
modification or misuse, (d) operation outside of the published
environmental specifications for the product, or (e) improper site
preparation or maintenance.

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General Information

Agilent Technologies Warranty Statement for Commercial Products

7. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW, THE ABOVE
WARRANTIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND NO OTHER
WARRANTYOR CONDITION, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL IS
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AND Agilent SPECIFICALLY
DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OR
MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

8. Agilent will be liable for damage to tangibl e property per incident up
to the greater of $300,000 or the actual amount paid for the product
that is the subject of the claim, and for damages for bodily injury or
death, to the extent that all su ch damages are d etermined by a cour t
of competent jurisdiction to have been directly caused by a defective
Agilent product.

9. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW, THE REMEDIES
IN THIS WARRANTY STATEMENT ARE CUSTOMER’S SOLE
AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. EXCEPT AS INDICATED ABOVE,
IN NO EVENT WILL Agilent OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE
FOR LOSS OF DATA OR FOR DIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING LOST PROFIT OR DATA), OR
OTHER DAMAGE, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR
OTHERWISE.

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

FOR CONSUMER TRANSACTIONS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW
ZEALAND: THE WARRANTY TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS
STATEMENT, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT LAWFULLY
PERMITTED, DO NOT EXCLUDE RESTRICT OR MODIFY AND
ARE IN ADDITION TO THE MANDATORY STATUTOR Y RIGHTS

APPLICABLE TO THE SALE OF THIS PRODUCT TO YOU.

Chapter 1 15

General Information

Assistance

Assistance

Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance
agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products. For any
assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Service

Office.

Table 1-1 Regional Sales and Service Offices

United States of Amer ica:
Agilent Technologies
Test and Measurement Call
Center
P.O. Box 4026
Englewood, CO 80155-4026

(tel) 1 800 452 4844

Japan:
Agilent Technologies Japan
Ltd.
Measurement Assistance
Center
9-1 Takakura-Cho,
Hachioji-Shi,
Tokyo 192-8510 , Ja pa n

(tel) (81) 456-56-7832
(fax) (81) 426-56-7840

Asia Pacific:
Agilent Technologies
24/F, Cityplaza One,
111 Kings Road,
Taikoo Shing, Hong Kong

Canada:
Agilent Technologies Canada
Inc.
5150 Spectrum Way
Mississauga, Ont ario
L4W 5G1

(tel) 1 877 894 4414

Latin America:
Agilent Technologies
Latin America Region
Headquarters
5200 Blue Lagoon Drive,
Suite #950
Miami, Florida 33126
U.S. A.

(tel) [phone]
(fax) [phone]

Europe:
Agilent Technologies
European Marketing
Organization
P.O. Box 999
1180 AZ Amstelveen
The Netherlands

(tel) (3120) 547 9999
Australia/New Zealand:

Agilent Technologies
Australia Pty Ltd.
347 Burwood Highway
Forest Hill, Victoria 3131

(tel) 1 800 629 485
(Australia)
(fax) (61 3) 9272 0749
(tel) 0 800 738 378
(New Zealand)
(fax) (64 4) 802 6881

(tel) (852) 3197 7777
(fax) (852) 2506 923 3

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Power

General Information

Power Cables

Power Cables

Cables

Table 1-2 Power Cables

Plug Type Plu g Descriptions

male/female

Straight/Straight

Earth Ground

Line Neutral

Used in the following locations
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Azores
Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Boznia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso,

Burma, Burundi, Byelarus
Cameroon, Canary Islands, Central AfricanRepublic, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Congo,

Croatia, Czech Republic, Czechoslovakia
Denmark, Djibouti

Straight/90°

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-1689
8120-1692

Cable Descriptions

79 inches, mint gray
79 inches, mint gray

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

East Germany, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia
Finland, France, French Guiana, French Indian Ocean Areas
Gabon, Gaza Strip, Georgia, Germany, Gozo, Greece
Hungary
Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast
Jordan
Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgystan
Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lit h uan ia, Lu xe mbo urg
Macedonia, Madeira Islands, Malagasy Republic, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Miquelon,

Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique
Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, Niger, Norway
Oman
Pakistan, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal
Rep. South Africa, Romania, Russia, Rwanda

Chapter 1 17

General Information

Power Cables

Table 1-2 Power Cables

Plug Type Plu g Descriptions

male/female

Straight/Straight

Earth Ground

Line Neutral

Straight/90°

Saudi Arabia (220V), Senegal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Spanish
Africa, Sri Lanka, St.Pierce Islands

Sweden, Syria
Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan
USSR, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Western Africa, Western Sahara
Yugoslavia
Zaire

Table 1-3 Power Cables

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-1689
8120-1692

Cable Descriptions

79 inches, mint gray
79 inches, mint gray

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Straight/Straight 8120-0698 90 inches, black

Earth Ground

Line

Line

Used in the following locations
Peru

Agilent Part
#
(cable & plug)

Cable Descriptions

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Table 1-4 Power Cables

General Information

Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Straight/Straight
Straight/90°

Line

Earth Ground

Neutral

Used in the following locations
Switzerland

Table 1-5 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

125V

Earth Ground

Descriptions
male/female

Straight/Straight
Straight/90
Straight/Straight

Agilent Pa rt #
(cable & plu g)

8120-2104
8120-2296

Agilent Part
#
(cable &
plug)

8120-1378
8120-1521
8120-1751

Cable Descriptions

79 inches, gray
79 inches, gray

Cable Descriptions

90 inches, jade gray
90 inches, jade gray
90 inches, jade gray

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

Neutral

Line

Used in the follow in g locations
American Samoa
Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Brazil,
Caicos, Cambodia, Canada, Cayman Islands, Columbia, Costa Rica, Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador, El Salvador
French West Indies
Guam, Guatemala, Guyana
Haiti, Honduras
Jamaica
Korea
Laos, Leeward and Windward Is., Liberia
Mexico, Midway Islands

Chapter 1 19

General Information

Power Cables

Table 1-5 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Nicaragua
Other Pacific Islands
Panama, Philippines, Pu ert o Rico
Saudi Arabia (115V,127V), Surin ame
Taiwan, Tobago, Trinidad, Trust Territories of Pacific Islands
Tu rks Is land
United States
Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands of the US
Wake Island

Table 1-6 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Agilent Part
#
(cable &
plug)

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

Cable Descriptions

Cable
Descriptions

JIS C 8303, 100 V

Earth Ground

Neutral

Used in the following locations
Japan

Table 1-7 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Earth Ground

Neutral

Line

Line

Straight/Straight
Straight/90°

Descriptions
male/female

90° /S

TRAIGHT

90°/90°

Straight/Straight

8120-4753
8120-4754

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-2956
8120-2957
8120-3997

90 inches, dark gray
90 inches, dark gray

Cable
Descriptions

79 inches, gray
79 inches, gray
79 inches, gray

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Table 1-7 Power Cables

General Information

Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Used in the following locations
Denmark
Greenland

Table 1-8 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug Descriptions

male/female

Straight/Straight
Straight/90°

Earth Ground

Line

Neutral

Used in the follow in g locations
Botswana

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-4211
8120-4600

Cable
Descriptions

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

Cable Descriptions

79 inches, mint gray
79 inches, mint gray

India
Lesotho
Malawi
South-West Africa (Namibia), Swaziland
Zambia, Zimbabwe

Table 1-9 Power Cables

Plug Type (Male) Plug

Descriptions
male/female

90°/Straight

Earth Ground

90°/90°

Line

Neutral

Used in the follow ing locations
Bahrain, British Indian Ocean Terr., Brunei

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-1351
8120-1703

Cable Descriptions

90 inches, mint gray
90 inches, mint gray

Canton, Cyprus

Chapter 1 21

General Information

E

d

Power Cables

Table 1-9 Power Cables

Plug Type (Male) Plug

Descriptions

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

Cable Descriptions

male/female

Enderbury Island, Equatori al Gu in e a
Falkland Islands, Fre n ch Pacific Islands
Gambia, Ghana, Gibraltar, Guinea
Hong Kong
Ireland
Kenya, Kuwait
Macao, Malaysi a, Mauritius
Nigeria
Qatar
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Southern Asia, Southern Pacific Islands, St. Helena,

Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom
Yeman (Aden & Sana)

Table 1-10 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Straight/Straight

Line

arth Groun

Neutral

Straight/90°

Used in the follow in g locations
Argentina, Australia
China (People’s Republic)
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Uruguay

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-1369
8120-0696

Cable
Descriptions

79 inches, gray
80 inches, gray

22 Chapter 1

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Table 1-10 Power Cables

General Information

Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Western Samoa

Table 1-11 Power Cables

Plug Type Plug

Descriptions
male/female

Straight/Straight

Earth Ground

Straight/Straight
Straight/90°

Line

Neutral

Straight/90°
Used in the following locations
System Cabinets

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

Agilent Part #
(cable & plug)

8120-1860
8120-1575
8120-2191
8120-4379

Cable
Descriptions

Cable Descriptions

60 inches, jade gray
30 inches, jade gray
60 inches, jade gray

15.5 inches, jade gray

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

Chapter 1 23

General Information

Power Cables

ATTENTION

Static Sen sitive
Devices

This instrument was constructed in an ESD (electro- static discharge) protected
environment. This is because mos t of the semiconductor devices used in this
instrument are susceptible to damage by static discharge.

Depending on the magnitude of the charge, device substrates can be punctured
or destroyed by contact or mere proximity of a static charge. The result can
cause degradation of device performance, early failure, or immediate
destruction.

These charges are generated in numerous ways such as simple contact,
separation of materials, and normal motions of persons working with static
sensitive devices.

When handling or servicing equipment containing static sensitive devices,
adequate precautions must be taken to prevent device damage or destruction.

Only those who are thoroughly familiar with industry accepted techniques for
handling static sensitive devices should attempt to service circuitry with these
devices.

24 Chapter 1

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Documentation

Conventions Used in This Manual

General Information

Documentation

NOTE

The following conventions are used throughout this manual to help
clarify inst ructions and reduce unnecessary text:

• “Test Set” refers to the Agilent 8935 CDMA Cellular/PCS Base
Station Test Set.

• Test Set keys are indicated like this:

• Test Set screen information, such as a measurement result or an
error message, is shown like this: TX Channel Power -1.3 dBm

HP-IB and GPIB are one and the same.

Preset

What is in This Manual

• This document presents a step-by-step approach to CDMA base
station testing using the Test Set, including what you need to know

before you can start testing.

What is Not in This Manual

• General operation of the Test Set, such as changing display screens
and their associated controls, is discussed in the Reference Guide
(Agilent part number E6380-90019).

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

• Detailed operation of the Test Set’s spectrum analyzer and
oscilloscope. Although there are basic explanations in this manual,
more detail is provided in the Reference Guide.

• How to control your base station, switch system, or any other
software or hardware associated with your cell site equip ment. Each
manufacturer and cellular service provider has their own cell site
control and base station configuration proced ures that go beyond the
scope of this documentation.

• How to perform IBASIC programming operations, such as writing,
editing, copying, or cataloguing programs. Pr ogramming the
Test Set is expl a i n e d in t h e Programming Manual (Agilent part
number E6380-90018), and the IBASIC language is explained in the
Agilent Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook (Agilent part number
E2083-90005).

Chapter 1 25

General Information

Documentation

Which Document is Required?

The following documents are part of the Agilent 8935 document set.
Use the table to help you decide which document you need.

Table 1-12 Document Navigation

Document Part Number Usage

CDMA Application
Guide

AMPS Application
Guide

Reference Guide E6380-90019 Use this manual for screen and field

GPIB Syntax
Reference Guide

Programmer’s Guide E6380-90018 Use this manual to learn GPIB syntax and for

Assembly Level Repair
Guide (this manual)

Technical
Specifications
Publication

CDROM E6380-90027 Includes all of the abov e d ocumen ts.

E6380-90016 Use this manual for basic CD MA

measurements and for getting started wit h
the Test Set.

E6380-90017 Use this manual for making AM PS base

station measurements.

descriptions and general operation
information about the Test Set.

E6380-90073 Use this manual as a reference to th e syntax

and use of all available GPIB commands.

learning how to program the Test Set.

E6380-90015 Use this manual to perfo r m calibration on the

Test Set and for general service information.

5966-0512E Test Set’s specifications data sheet

26 Chapter 1

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Legal.fm

Trademark Acknowledgments

Trademark Acknowledgments

Hewlett-Packard and HP are registered trademarks of
Hewlett-Packard Company.

General Information

Microsoft‚ Windows, and MS-DOS‚ are registered trademarks of
Microsof t C orporatio n.

ProComm‚ is a registered trademark of D a taStorm Technologies, Inc.
HyperTerminal is a registered trademark of Hilgraeve, Incorporated.
Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.

In This Manual and Regulatory

Information

Chapter 1 27

Getting Started with CDMA

Test

2

Getting Started with CDMA Test

This chapter introduces you to the Agilent Technologies 8935 Test Set
and its CDMA functions. For information on ot her funct ions in the Test
Set, see “Which Document is Required?” on page 7 To proceed
immediately to the test procedures, see “Tests That You Can Perform

with the Test Set” on page 40.

29

Getting Started with CDMA Test

About the Test Set

About the Test Set

Product Description

This Test Set is a tool which will help you in testing CDMA base
stations at both the cellular band and the PCS band. It also allows you
to test AMPS base stations. ( Th is guid e discusses CDMA testing. For
more information about AMPS te sting, refer to the Manual AMPS Base
Station Tests Guide.)

The Test Set contains a CDMA signal generator and a frequency
translator which allow generation of CDMA signals at both cellular and
PCS frequencies. Other tools include

• Code Domain Power Analyzer

•CDMA Analyzer

• CDMA Generator

• Spectrum Analyzer

•I/Q Diagram

• Power Meter (both wideband and channel)
Other tools include

• Oscilloscope

•AMPS Analyzer

• AC/DC Voltmeter

• Audio and RF Generators

• Built-in IBASIC controller

Who Should Use this Test Set

If you are installing, commissioning or maintaining CDMA sites
operating at either the PCS frequencies or cellular frequencies, this
Test set can assist you in testing these base stations.

Batteries

There are two methods by which the Test Set backs up its RAM. One is
a set of two AA batteries mounted behind t he rear pa nel of the Test Set.
You must periodically change these batteries. The second method of
RAM backup is an internal battery. It is not user serviceable.

30 Chapter 2

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Getstart.fm

Getting Started with CDMA Test

About the Test Set

CAUTION

NOTE

Failure to take prompt action may result in loss of RAM data including
Agilent Technologies Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) programs and SA VE
/ RECALL states stored in the RAM.

Do not use rechargeable batteries.
To change the AA batteries, use the following procedure:

1. Turn off power and unplug the Test Set.

2. Remove the six screws in the rear panel using a TX-15 TORX (R)
screwdriver.

3. Remove the rear cover.

4. Replace the AA batteries.

5. Replace and reconnect the rear panel. Dispose of used batteries
properly.

Getting Help

If you have problems using this Test Set, and cannot find the solution in
these documents or the Help screens, please use one of the following
contacts:

Getting Started with CDMA

Test

• Your local or regional sales office (see “Attention” on page 23)

• U.S. Call Center: 800 542-4844

• Korea Agilent Te chnologies Direct: (82/2) 769-0800

• Canada Agilent Technologies Direct: [phone]

• European Call center: [phone]

• Test and Measurement Organization on the web.

Chapter 2 31

Getting Started with CDMA Test

About the Test Set

What’s Included with this Test Set

The equipment commonly shipped with the base Test Set is listed
below. Option s that you order with your Test Set may change th is list.

•Test Set

• Documentation
— CDMA Applications Guide

— CD-ROM with the above listed manual, Manual AMPS Base

Station Tests, Assembly Level Repair Manual, Programmer’s
Guide, and Agilent Technologies 8935 Reference Guide in Adobe™

Acrobat Reader format (.pdf).

• Power cord

• Cover for the front panel of the Test Set

• Cover for the side panel of the Test Set

• Warranty Card

32 Chapter 2

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Getstart.fm

Getting Started with CDMA Test

Manual and Automatic Operation Modes

Manual and Automatic Operation Modes

You can operate the Test Set in either of two modes: Manual or
Automatic. Controlling the Test Set with the keypad is Manual
Operation. Controlling the Test Set with a program is Automatic
Operation.

Use Manual Mode when you want to control the Test Set with the front
panel. Manual operation is described in this document.

Use Automatic Mode when you want to control the Test Set with its
internal IBASIC controller. To use the Test Set in Automatic Mode, you
must load an IBASIC program into the Test Set’s memory.

IBASIC programs

You can obtain an IBASIC program in two ways: either write it yourself,
or purchase a software package from Agilent Technologies. To write
programs yourself, refer to the Programmer’s Guide, included with the
Test Set’s documentation.

Getting Started with CDMA

Many Agilent Technologies software packages are base station-specific
packages. Base station-specific software packages provide automated
testing of a manufacturer’s base station to gre atly reduce test times and
provide test setup repeatability. Once configured, the software typically
controls both the base station and the Test Set and prompts the user to
make the required connections during testing. Test results can be
printed and/or saved to a file for later use. Contact your local Agilent
Technologies Sales Office to fi nd out which software packages are
currently available.

Test

Chapter 2 33

Getting Started with CDMA Test

Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements

Maximizing the Accuracy of Your
Measurements

This Test Set is designed to make highly accurate measurements.
However, to ensure that you have the most accurate measurements
available, you can perform the following tasks:

Calibration

You should calibrate the Test Set whenever you change a module or add
a hardware option. You may want to calibrate when you upgrade
firmware. See the Assembly Level Repair Manual for calibration
procedures.

There is also a field named Calibrate in the CDMA ANALYZER
screen. This field is used to calibrate the Channel Power measurement.
See “Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)” on page 49. Note that
cables must be removed fr om the T e st Set’s inputs before using
Calibrate.

Temperature Compensation

The Test Set is internally compensated for temperature. However , you
will find that on some screens a zeroing function appears. For example,
in the RF ANL screen, the TX Pwr Zero function appears. This is a
routine optimization function, and generates calibration offsets when
selected. This will compensate for temperature related drift, thereby
maximizing measurement accuracy.

The Pwr Zero function in the CDMA ANALYZER screen is the same as
the TX Pwr Zero function. Cables do not need to be removed from the
Test Set’ s inputs for Pwr Zero. The of fsets are stored in static RAM, and
the Test System uses them when measuring Average Power with a DUT
attached. The offsets are updated whenever you zero the power meter,
and the latest values are stored for the life of the static RAM backup
battery.

When to zero the power

By default, power zeroing is performed automatically. Automated or
manual zeroing is controlled by the Auto Zero field.

If you choose to zero power manually, you should zero power frequently
if the Test System is still warming up, about two to three times within
the first two hours. You should zero power occasionally even if the Test
System is on continuously. (Occasionally can mean daily, weekly or
monthly, as you choose).

34 Chapter 2

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Getstart.fm

Display a CDMA Signal (Loopback Test)

This section will guide you through the process of displaying a CDMA
signal at a PCS frequency. It is intended to make you feel more
comfortable with using the Test Set. If you are ready to begin testing,
proceed to Chapter 3 , “Testing CDM A B a s e Stations,” o n page 39.

Connections for CDMA Loopback Test

Connect the Test Set in the following manner.

Figure 2-1 CDMA Loopback Test Connections

Getting Started with CDMA Test

Display a CDMA Signal (Loopback Test)

AUDIO OUT

MODULATION

INPUT

MONITOR

ANT IN DUPLEX

HI LO

AUDIO

OUTPUT

AUDIO IN

EXT SCOPE

TRIG IN

16X

CHIP CLOCK

19.6608

MHz OUT

VIDEO

OUT

CHIP CLOCK

1.2288

MHz OUT

BASEBAND OUT

QI

SYNC IN

EVEN

FRAME

TRIG/QUALIN10 MHz

SECOND

CLOCK

IN

REF OUT

PARALLEL PORT

PARALLEL PORT

REF IN

DUPLEX OUT

Get Started with the Test Set

1. Plug in the Test Set.

2. Turn on the Test Set (or press
ANALYZER screen will be displayed.

Preset

SERIA PORT

SERIA PORT

SERIA PORT

Getting Started with CDMA

RF IN/OUT

Test

RF IN/OUT

) if it is already on. The CDMA

3. Press the

Inst Config

key.

4. Select RF Display, and set the field to Freq.

5. Verify your connections. See “Connections for CDMA Loopback Test”

on page 35

Chapter 2 35

Getting Started with CDMA Test

Display a CDMA Signal (Loopback Test)

NOTE

Here are some tips for selecting screens and fields:

• Rotate the knob to move the curs or around the s creen. Reverse vid eo
boxes indicate fields that can be selected. Press the knob to make
selections.

• A selected field has a blinking double arrow cursor >>. The ar rows go
away and blinking stops when the field is not selected.

• To change settings in a field on the screen, push the knob, or press

Enter

key.

the

• The measurement screen is changed using the title bar at the top of
the screen and the cursor control knob, the
GENERATOR/ANALYZER keys, or the UTILS keys.

• Use the top row of the GENERATOR/ANALYZER keys to move
around in the CDMA screens.

Figure 2-2 Using the cursor-control Knob or Screen Keys

Press one of the
GENERATOR/ANALYZER
or UTILS keys for a shortcut
to the measurem ent or
configuration screens.

Titlebar

Push the knob to make a
selection. Rotate the
knob to move the cursor,
or change the settings

36 Chapter 2

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Getstart.fm

Generate a CDMA Signal

Getting Started with CDMA Test

Display a CDMA Signal (Loopback Test)

1. Press the

CDMA Gen

key to go to the CDMA GENERATOR screen.

2. Select RF Gen Freq and use the keypad to set the frequency to

1881.52 MHz.

3. Select Output Port and verify that the port is set to Dupl.

4. Select Amplitude and set the amplitude to −10 dBm.

5. Select Gen Dir and set it to Fwd.

Display a CDMA Signal

1. Press the

CDMA Anl

2. Select Tune Freq and use the keypad to set t he frequen cy to 1881.52
MHz.

3. Press the

Spec Anl

4. The CDMA signal should be displayed.

Figure 2-3 CDMA Loopback Signal

key to go to the CDMA ANALY Z ER s creen.

key to go to the SPECTRUM ANALYZER screen.

Getting Started with CDMA

Test

What to Do Next

Congratulations! You are now ready to begin testing your CDMA Base
Station. Proceed to Chapter 3 , “Testing CDMA Base Stations.”

Chapter 2 37

Testing CDMA Base Stations

3

Testing CDMA Base Stations

This chapter explains how to test CDMA Base Stations with the
Agilent Technologies 8935 Test Set. For information on performing
other tasks with the Test Set, see “Which Document is Required?” on

page 7.

39

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Tests That You Can Perform with the Test Set

Tests That You Can Perform with the Test Set

This Test Set is desi gned to per form tests you would normally us e in the
setup, commissioning, and maintenance of a CDMA base station. Thes e
tests are listed below. For other utility procedures of the Test Set, see

Chapter 4 , “Utility Procedures,” on page 77.

• General
— “Setup and Configuration” on page 41

• Transmitter Tests (TX tests)
— “Average Power” on page 46
— “Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)” on page 49
— “Adjacent Channel Power (ACP)” on page 53

— Frequency Error: see “Rho (Modulation Quality)” on page 73
— Carrier Feedthrough: see “Rho (Modulation Quality)” on page 73
— Time Offset: see “Rho (Modulation Quality)” on page 73
— “Rho (Modulation Quality)” on page 73
— Code Domain Phase: see “Code Domain Phase” on page 60
— Code Domain Power for IS-95: see “Code Domain Power” on page

59

— Code Domain Timing: see “Code Domain Timing” on page 60
— Code Domain Power for IS-2000: see “Code Domain Power” on

page 63

— Code Domain Power & Noise: see “Code Domain Power & Noise”

on page 64

— Code Domain Complex Power: see “Code Domain Complex Power”

on page 65

— Code Domain Fast Power Synchronize: see “Code Domain Fast

Power Synchronize” on page 66

— “IQ Plot” on page 69
— “Transmit Spectrum” on page 75

• Receiver Tests (RX Tests) – Receiver Tests typically require the Base
Station to report FE R (F rame Error Rate), and otherwise
communicate with the Test Set. This information varies between
Base Station manufacturers. Rece iv er Tests made with this Test Set
are performed within Agilent Technologies software. See your local
sales representative for available base station-specific software.

40 Chapter 3

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Measure.fm

Setup and Configuration

How you set up your Test Set will depend, of course, on the device you
are testing. However, there are several parameters that are common to
most setups. These are described in the following sections.

• “Connections Between the Test Set and the Device Under Test

(DUT)” on page 41

• “Config u ri ng the Test Se t w i th Your Base Station’s Informa tion” on

page 42

• “Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups” on page 44

Connections Between the Test Set and the Device Under Test (DUT)

Figure 3-1 Connections for Testing a CDMA Base Station

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Setup and Configuration

CDMA Radio Shelves

Base Station’s
Antenna Test Port

RF IN/OUT

REF IN

SYNC IN EVEN SEC

domino30.eps

Base Station Reference Clock
(typically 10 MHz or

19.6608 MHz)

Even-Second Clock

Synchronizing Your Base Station to the Test Set

The RF signal is the signal you are testing. It typically comes from the
Base Station’s Antenna Test Port.

The Even-Second clock is used for the Time Offset measurement.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

The REF IN is used for both the Time Offset and the Frequency Error
measurements. Several different signals are available, but typically
this signal is either 10 MHz or 19.6608 MHz (16x Chip Clock).

Chapter 3 41

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Setup and Configuration

Configuring the Test Set with Your Base Station’s Information

When you are starting to test a Base Station with the Test Set, you
must supply information about the Base Station to the Test Set.

1. Make connections to your Base Station as shown in Figure 3-1 on

page 41.

If you have a low level signal, you may want to use the ANT IN port
instead of the RF IN/OUT port. see “Choosing Between RF In/Out,

Antenna and Duplex Ports” on page 43.

2. Press

Preset

or turn on the Test Set.

3. Select RF Channel in the CDMA ANALYZER screen. The RF signal
can be displayed either by Channel number or Frequency. See

“Changing Between Channel Mode and Frequency Mode” on page
79

4. Enter the channel number (or frequency) of your base station.

5. Press the

Inst Config

key to go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE

screen.

6. Select Ext Ref In. This is the reference signal your Base Station
provides to synchronize with the Test Set.

7. Select the reference frequency of your Base Station. Typical values
are 10 MHz or 16x the chip clock (19.6608 MHz).

8. Select Ref Select and choose either Auto, Internal or External.
Auto allows the Test Set to switch between Internal or External
References, based on presence of the External signal at the Ref In
port. Internal or External select either the internal or external
reference si gn a l s.

9. Press the

Spec Anl

key to display the spectrum analyzer. This will

give you a visual confirmation of your signal.

42 Chapter 3

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Measure.fm

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Setup and Configuration

Choosing Between RF In/Out, Antenna and Duplex Ports

For testing input signals , you can choose between RF IN/OUT and ANT
IN. For generating signals, you can choose between RF IN/OUT and
DUPLEX OUT.

The RF IN/OUT port is for measuring higher power signals look at spc
sheet. It has the highest allowable input power. This port is also an
output port for the internal signal generator.

The ANT IN port is used for lower level signals (consult your Test Set
specifications to qualify the specific signal and level). This is an input
only. It is frequently used for off-the-air measurements.

The DUPLEX OUT is the output of the signal generator. It is typically
used to test receivers and as a calibration source.

The input port is chosen by select ing the Input Port field in the CDMA
ANALYZER screen. Note that the Input Port cannot be selected while
the Average Power measurement is displayed, since that measurement
can only be made on the RF IN/OUT port.

The output port is chosen by selecting the Output Port field in the
CDMA GENERATOR screen.

Refer to “Block Diagram for RF, DUPLEX, and ANT Ports” on page 44
for more detail about the input ports.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 43

Testing CDMA Base Stations

I

R

Setup and Configuration

Figure 3-2 Block Diagram for RF, DUPLEX, and ANT Ports

TO RF

N/OUT

SMA

FROM

ANTENNA

INPUT

100W

ATTENUATOR

HIGH

POWER

PAD 16dB

TO DUPLEX

SMA

OUTPUT

FROM

UPCONVERTER

RF I/O ASSEMBLY

J4

SMA

J3

SMA

J6

SMA

J2

SMA

OVER

POWER

PROTECT

-22dB

REVERSE
POWER
PROTECT

5dB

STEPS

50

-12dB

50

0-125dB

STEP ATTEN

50

-6db

50

0-35dB

ATTEN

CONTROL

Zeroing
Switch

ATTENUATOR

DRIVE LOGIC

5dB

STEPS

POWER

DETECTOR

4V PK

+5V

-12V

+12V

A2A130

3dB

50

7

SERIAL

I.O.

+15V

GND

DATA

CLOCK

RIBBON

EN/I

CAL
ROM

ANALOG

MUX

J5

CONVERTE

SMA

J7

SMB

Avg Pwr

POWER

TO
DOWN-

DET_OUT
TO
RCV_DSP

Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups

The SAVE and RECALL functions allow you to store different
instrument setups and retrieve them later, eliminating the task of
re-configuring the Test Set. You can save these setups to any of the
following media: Internal Memory, an External PCMCIA card, or an
External RAM card.

To Save an Instrument Setup

1. If you want to select the Save medium, see “To Choose the

Save/Recall Location” on page 45.

2. Make any changes to the instrument that you want to save in a
register.

3. Press and release the

key then the

Shift

key to access the

Recall

SAVE function.

4. Use the

keys or the Save menu to enter the register’s name.

DATA

44 Chapter 3

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Measure.fm

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Setup and Configuration

To Recall an Instrument Setup

1. If you want to select the Save medium, see “To Choose the

Save/Recall Location” on page 45.

2. Press the

Recall

key.

3. Use the knob to select the desired setup to be recalled from the
Recall menu.

To Choose the Save/Recall Location

1. Press and release the

key then the

Shift

Inst Config

key to display the

I/O CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select the Save/Recall field.

3. Select the desired Save medium (Internal, Card, RAM).

Chapter 3 45

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Average Power

Average Power

Average power measures the average power of full bandwidth of the
received signal. To measure the power only in a single 1.23 MHz CDMA
channel, see “Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)” on page 49.

This measurement is made only at the RF IN/OUT port. It can be
measured while the Base Station is active.

NOTE

CAUTION

If any other signals are present , Average Power will measure them also!
Average Power is a broadband measurement, so if there are other
signals present it will also measure their contributions. If you suspect
other signals may be pre sent it is recommended that you bring d own all
channels and use Avg Power on the signal of interest alone or consider
using the Channel Power measurement (“Channel Power (1.23 MHz

and 30 kHz)” on page 49) which fits this application better because it

filters other channels out.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before measuring Average Power:
❏ Connect your signal to the RF IN/OUT port of the Test Set, and

connect the reference signal to the REF IN port.

❏ Know the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

Overpower Damage — Refer to the Test Set’s side panel for maximum
input power level. Exceeding this level can cause permanent
instrument damage.

NOTE

Procedure

You can zero the power meter with the Pwr Zero field to ensure the
greatest accuracy. By default, however, the power meter is
automati cally zeroed.

1. Press the

CDMA Anl

2. Zero the power meter if necessary. Select Pwr Zero to zero the meter.

3. Select RF Channel or Tune Freq, depending on whether your
channels are selected by channel number or by frequency.

4. Enter the channel number or RF frequency of your transmitter. This
ensures that you will have the correct calibration factor for the
power measurement.

46 Chapter 3

key to go to the CDMA ANALY Z ER s creen.

C:\Spk\AppGuide\Measure.fm

5. Select the measurement on the left side of t he display (de fault is Avg
Pwr).

6. Select Avg Pwr from the list of choices. Now the Average Power
measurement is displayed.

Figure 3-3 Average Power Measurement List of Choices

Average Power
list of choices

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Average Power

7. Set the Pwr Intvl to your desired averaging time. A higher time
produces a more accurate result. Maximum value is 26.66
milliseconds.

8. The Average power should be displayed.

Results

Figure 3-4 Average Power Measurement Results

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 47

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Average Power

Notes

You can control the time interval of the averaging by changing the Pwr
Intvl. Default is 5 milliseconds.

You should enter the channel number or center frequency of your
transmitter signal, since the measurement is cali brated based on that
frequency.

NOTE

What is ADC FS?

ADC FS (Analog to Digital Converter Full Scale) is an indicator which
shows how close the measured power is to the maximum allowed input
power to the internal Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC).

For all measurements except Average Power, ADC FS should be in the
range of −1 to −20 dB.

For the Average Power measurement, the range is −1 to −10 dB.

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)

Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)

1.23 MHz Channel Power measures the power in the 1.23 MHz band of

the chosen CDMA channel. This measurement can be made on an
active site (if you are measuring at an RF test p ort). This measureme nt
is particularly useful if you are measuring power in the presence of
other signals.

30 kHz Channel Power measures the power in a 30 kHz band.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before measuring either Channel
Power:

❏ Know the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.
❏ To maximize the accuracy of the Channel Power measurement,

calibrate it as needed. You will need to calibrate the 1.23 MHz and
the 30 kHz channel power measurements separately. Conditions for
calibrati on are:

Channel Power Calibration Conditions

• Whenever a 5°C ambient temperature change has occurred

• Whenever the frequency or channel number has been changed

• During or just after the 30 minute warm-up period

Channel Power Calibration Procedure

Once the prerequisites have been met, use the following procedure to
calibrate Channel Power:

1. Verify that there are no cables attached to the RF IN/OUT or Ant In
ports.

2. Press the

3. Select RF Channel or Tune Frequency, depending on whether your
channels are selected by Channel Number or by frequency

4. Enter the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

5. Select the measurement on the left side of the display. Select Chan
Pwr from the list of choices.

6. Select 1.23M from the Ch Pwr Fltr field. This will allow you to
calibrate the 1.23 MHz channel power.

CDMA Anl

key to go to the CDMA ANALY Z ER s creen.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

7. Select Calibrate to calibrate the 1.23 MHz Channel Power
measurement. The cali bration may req uire a few sec o nds to finish.

Chapter 3 49

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)

8. Select 30kHz from the Ch Pwr Fltr field. This will allow you to
calibrate the 30 kHz channel power.

9. Select Calibrate to calibrate the 30 kHz Channel Power
measurement. The cali bration may req uire a few sec o nds to finish.

1.23 MHz Channel Power Measurement Procedure

Once the prerequisites have been met, use the following procedure to
measure 1.23 MHz Channel Power:

1. Connect your signal to the RF IN/OUT port.

2. Press the

CDMA Anl

key to go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

3. Select RF Channel or Tune Frequency, depending on whether your
channels are selected by channel number or by frequency.

4. Enter the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

5. Select the measurement on the left side of the display. Select Chan
Pwr from the list of choices. Not e that the f ields chan ge on the CDMA
ANALYZER screen.

6. Select 1.23M from the Ch Pwr Fltr field.

7. The Channel Power measurement should be displayed.

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)

NOTE

What is ADC FS?

ADC FS is an indicator which shows how close the measured power is
to the maximum allowed input power to the interna l A nalog-to-D i g i tal
converter (ADC).

For all measurements except Average Power, ADC FS should be in the
range of −1 to −20 dB.

For the Average Power measurement, the range is −1 to −10 dB.

30 kHz Channel Power Measurement Procedure

Once the prerequisites have been met, use the following procedure to
measure 30 kHz Channel Power:

1. Measure 1.23 MHz Channel Power. See previous procedure.

2. Know the frequency offset for the specification you are testing.

3. Make sure the Test Set is set to Frequency mode. See “Changing

Between Channel Mode and Frequency Mode” on page 79.

4. Set the Tune Frequency to the offset frequency as per your
specification. See “Calculate the measured value as the specificat ion

requires.” on page 51.

5. Select 30kHz from the Ch Pwr Fltr field.

6. The 30 kHz Channel Power measurement should be displayed.

7. Calculate the measured value as the specification requires.

Table 3-1 Some Frequency Offset Specifications for 30

kHz Channel Power Measurements

Standard Offset Resolution

Bandwidth

PN-3645 Proposed
IS-97-A

SP3383 Ballot
Version

> ±750 kHz 1.23 MHz/30 kHz 45 dB
> ±1.98 MHz 1.23 MHz/30 kHz 60 dB
> ±885 kHz 1.23 MHz/30 kHz 45 dB

Specification

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 51

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)

NOTE

What is ADC FS?

ADC FS is an indicator which shows how close the measured power is
to the maximum allowed input power to the inter na l Analog-to-Digital
converter (ADC).

For all measurements except Average Power, ADC FS should be in the
range of −1 to −20 dB.

For the Average Power measurement, the range is −1 to −10 dB.

Results

Figure 3-5 Channel Power Measurement

Notes

This power measurement measures power in the 1.23 MHz bandwidth
of the CDMA signal, as defined by the channel number or frequency you
have chosen. For a measurement that measures over the full input
bandwidth, see “Average P ower” on page 46.

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Adjacent Channel Power (ACP)

Adjacent Channel Power (ACP)

Adjacent channel power can be measured at frequency offsets of 0 to
3 MHz, and filter bandwidths of 10 kHz to 1.23 MHz with 500 Hz
resolution. This measurement returns three, channel-tuned power
values: center channel power, upper ACP ratio, and lower ACP ratio.

NOTE

This measurement must be calibrated using the ACP Cal field each
time the tune frequency is changed. You must always remove power at
the ANT IN or RF IN/OUT connector before calibrating channel power
to ensure accurate calibration.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before measuring Adjacent Channel
Power:

❏ Know the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.
❏ To maximize the accuracy of the Channel Power measurement,

calibrate it as needed. You will need to calibrate the 1.23 MHz and
the 30 kHz channel power measurements separately. Conditions for
calibrati on are:

Calibration Conditions

• Whenever a 5°C ambient temperature change has occurred

• Whenever the frequency or channel number has been changed

• During or just after the 30 minute warm-up period

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Adjacent Channel Power Calibration Procedure

Once the prerequisites have been met, use the following procedure to
calibrate Adjacent Channel Power:

1. Verify that there are no cables attached to the RF IN/OUT or ANT
IN ports.

2. Press the

3. Select RF Channel or Tune Frequency, depending on whether your
channels are selected by Channel Number or by frequency

4. Enter the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

5. Select the measurement on the left side of the display. Select APC
from the list of choices.

6. Select Calibrate (under ACP Cal) to calibrate the measurement.
The calibration may require a few seconds to finish.

Chapter 3 53

CDMA Anl

key to go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Adjacent Channel Po wer (ACP)

Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Procedure

Once the prerequisites hav e been met an d ACP has been calibrated, use
the following procedure to measure ACP:

1. Connect your signal to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN port (maximum
power levels are marked on the front panel next to the connectors).

2. Press the

CDMA Anl

key to go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

3. Set the Input Port field to the port you connected your signal to in
step 1 (RF IN or ANT).

4. Select RF Channel or Tune Frequency, depending on whether your
channels are selected by channel number or by frequency.

5. Enter the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

6. Select the measurement on the left side of the display. Select ACP
from the list of choices. Note that the fields change on the CDMA
ANALYZER screen.

7. Set a frequency offset in the ACP Offset field. Valid values are 0 to
3 MHz.

8. Set the bandwidth of the filter for the adjacent channel
measurement in the ACP Fltr BW field. Valid values are 10 kHz to

1.23 MHz.

9. Three measurements are displayed (see Figure 3-6 on page 55).

• Center Channel - the channel power at the center frequency

• Upper ACP Ratio - the r a tio o f t he total power in the sp ecified

bandwidth at the specified offset above the center frequency, to
the power at the center frequency.

• Lower ACP Ratio - the r a tio o f t he total power in the sp ecified

bandwidth at the specified offset below the center frequency, to
the power at the center frequency.

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Results

Figure 3-6 Adjacent Chan ne l P owe r Me a s ur ement

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Adjacent Channel Power (ACP)

Chapter 3 55

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Code Domain Testing

The Code Domain Analyzer enables you to perform a suite of
measurements on your base station transmi tter and in acc ordance with
the international standards IS-95 or IS-2000. These tests are intended
to be made with one or more code channels turned on. Each code
channel is represented by its Walsh code on these displays.

To access the standard of interest (IS-95 or IS -2000), selec t it from CDMA
Standard in the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen.

For more detail regarding the Code Domain and how these standards
affect code domain meas urements, See “Code Domain Notes – IS-95” on

page 62. or “Code Domain Measurements – IS-2000” on page 62.

The following measurements can be made from the CODE DOMAIN
ANALYZER, IS-95 screen:

• Pilot Time Tolerance (Time Offset)

• Frequency Offset (Freq Err)

• Carrier Feedthrough (CarFT) (Pilot channel only)

• Code Domain Power (Power)

• Fast Power (Fast Pwr)

• Code Domain Timing (Timing)

• Code Domain Phase (Phase)

•PN Offset

•Estimated Rho

• Channel Power (1230 kHz only)

The following measurements can be made from the CODE DOMAIN
ANALYZER, IS-2000 screen:

• Pilot Time Tolerance (Time Offset)

• Frequency Offset (Freq Err)

• Carrier Feedthrough (CarFT) (Pilot channel only)

• Code Domain Power (Power)

• Fast Power (Fast Pwr)

• Code Domain Power & Noise (Power & Noise)

• Code Domain Complex Power (Complex Power)

• Code Domain Fast Power Synchronize (Fst Pwr Sync)

•PN Offset

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

•Estimated Rho

• Channel Power (1230 kHz only)
PN Offset is a measured value when Find PN is set to Auto in the

CDMA ANALYZER screen. Otherwise it is a value set by the user.
Estimated Rho is a calculated value which estimates Rho even though

the received signal is not pilot only. This measurement is useful when
you cannot tak e t h e base station out of serv ice.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before making Code Domain
measurements:

❏ Connect your transmitter signal to the RF IN/OUT port of the Test

Set.

❏ Know the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.
❏ Know the PN offset for the Base Station. (Or you can measure it. See

“PN Offset Search” on page 70.)

CAUTION

Overpower Damage — Refer to the Test Set’s side panel for maximum
input power level. Exceeding this level can cause permanent
instrument damage.

Procedure

Use these steps to select and run the Code Domain Tests:

1. Select the standard of inte rest by pressing the

Inst Config

the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE SCREEN, and then, from the
CDMA Std field, select either IS-95 or IS-2000.

2. Press the

Code Dom

key to go to the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER

screen.

3. Update the RF Channel or Tune Freq field for the Base Station
being tested, if it is not already correct.

4. Select the Controls menu.

5. Select PN Setup from the list of choices. This will display the PN
Offset field.

6. Update the PN Offset for the Base Station being tested, if it is not
already correct.

key to go to

Testing CDMA Base Stations

7. TmOfs, Freq Err, CarFT, PN Offset and Est. Rho should be
displayed.

8. Select the Controls menu again, and select Main.

Chapter 3 57

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

9. Select the Measurement field and choose fro m the listed set of
available measurements. For IS-95 these will be: Power, Fast

Power, Timing, and Phase. For IS-2000 these will be: Power, Fast
Power, Power & Noise, Complex Power and Fst Pwr Sync.

10.Select the Controls menu again, and select Marker. The results for
the measurement you have chosen are displayed.

Results

Figure 3-7 The Code Domain Analyzer Display (IS-95).

Figure 3-8 The Code Domain Analyzer Display (IS-2000)

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Code Domain Measurements – IS-95

If you have selected the IS-95 standard from the INSTRUMENT
CONFIGURE screen, the Code Domain screen will appear as des cri bed
in this section, with the Walsh Code ordering following the Hadamard
paradigm, with 64 channels, total.

If you wish to make use of the extended Walsh ordering - Bit Reverse ­as described by the IS-2000 standard, see See “Code Domain

Measurements – IS-2000” on page 62.

Below are brief descriptions of th e measure ments available in the Code
Domain Analyzer (IS-95).

Code Domain Power

Code Domain Power based on the IS-95 standard displays the power for
each of the 64 Walsh Channels. Each Walsh Channel level is displayed
as an individual vertical bar. This allows a comparison of signal levels
between the Pilot, Sync, Paging, and Traffic channels.

The Test Set provides two code domain power measurements in this
mode:

• Absolute code domain power displays the power in each of the 64
Walsh channels, rel ative to the t otal power in side a 1.23 MHz
bandwidth centered at the tune f requency. The 64 W alsh channel s (0
through 63) are represented by a vertical bar on the analyzer’s
display. To measure absolute code domain power the Ch pwr unit
field on the CD Setup menu must be set to Abs (see Figure 3-9). Use
the Marker controls to move the marker to the Walsh channel (Walsh
Chan) you want t o measure.

• Relative code domain power displays the power in each of the 64
Walsh channels, relative to the pilot’s power. (Pilot power is
approximately two-thirds of the total power.) The 64 Walsh codes (0
through 63) are represented by a vertical bar on the analyzer’s
display. To measure relative code domain power the Ch pwr unit
field on the CD Setup menu must be set to Rel (see Figure 3-9). Use
the Marker controls to move the marker to the Walsh channel (Walsh
Chan) you want t o measure.

Figure 3-9 Selecting Absolute or Relative Code Domain Power

Select
CD Setup.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Select Abs
Rel

(relative) code

(absolute) or

domain power measure­ment.

Chapter 3 59

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Fast Power

Fast Power is a faster method of measuring Code Domain Power. A
value for Time Offset must be transferred from a non-fast power
measurement before measurements begin, or when changes to the
following fields occur:

• Data Rate (CDMA GENERATOR screen)

• PN Offset (CDMA ANALYZER screen)

• Opt CDMA TB (INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen)

• Ext Ref In (INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen)
To transfer the Time Offset, use the following procedure.

1. Make at least one of the following measurements:

• Power

•Timing

•Phase

2. Select FP Setup from the Controls menu.

3. Select Ofs Trnsfer.

4. The offset is now transferred.

Code Domain Phase

Code Domain Phase displays the phase error for each of the 64 Walsh
channels relative to the Pilot c hannel. Displays above the zero reference
in the center of the s creen indica te that the Walsh channel leads the
Pilot channel in phase. Displays below the zero reference in the center
of the screen indicate that the Walsh channel lags the Pilot channel in
phase. Move the marker to read the Phase for each individual channel.

Code Domain Timing

Code Domain Timing displays the time offset for each of the 64 Walsh
channels. This measurement is relative to the Pilot channel, which is
Walsh code zero. Displays above the reference indicate that the Walsh
channel is leading the Pilot channel in time. Displays below the
reference indicate that the Walsh channel is lagging the Pilot channel
in time. Move the marker to read the Timing for each individual
channel.

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Figure 3-10 Code Domain Timing

Time Offset

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Time Offset indicat es how well your tr ansmitter’s signal is time-aligned
to system time. T h e displayed valu e ta kes into accou n t th e P N
Sequence Offset Index of your transmitter that is entered in the PN
Offset field (PN Setup).

Frequency Error

Frequency error is the frequency difference between your transmitter’s
actual center frequency and the frequency (or channel) you entered.

Carrier Feedthrough

Used to measure performance of the I/Q modulator of your tra nsmi tter.
Extremely low values indicate a very good I/Q modu lator . Highe r values
indicate p otential pro b lems with the I/Q modulator. If Carrier
Feedthrough measures more than approximately -25 dBc, there may be
problems with the Base Station. Unit of measure is dBc.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 61

Testing CDMA Base Stations

n

Code Domain Testing

Code Domain Notes – IS-95

Figure 3-11 Code Domain

1.2288 MHz

freq

Other users & noise

Synch
Paging

Pilot

User #2
User #1

Fr equency Domai

Frequency Domain

Code Domain

Code Dom ain

0123456789 32 63

Paging

Pilot

User

User

1

Sync h

2

User

3

Walsh Code

On a spectrum analyzer, you can view the 1.23 MHz forward link
channel; it would appear as the envelope of the top figure. But how
much of the total signal, as viewed on the spectrum analyzer, is
attributed to each individual Walsh code? You cannot tell using
frequency domain analysis. This, again, requir es a new measurement
method.

The measurement mode used is called "code domain analysis". In code
domain analysis, the individual Walsh codes are decod ed and dis playe d
individually. The contribution of each Walsh channel to the total signal
is measured and displayed as a bar indicating the relative power in the
channel.

Figure 3-11 shows a ty pi c a l di splay of code doma i n p o wer. Note the

contribut ion to the tota l signal from the pilot, sync, and paging
channels. In this example, there are also three users of traffic channels
on the forward link.

Inactive c h annels are important to m e asure, too . Excess powe r i n the
inactive channels means reduced capacity in the sector.

Code Domain Measurements – IS-2000

If you have selecte d IS-2000 in the IN STRUMENT CONFIGURE
screen, the Code Domain screen will appear as described in th is section,
with 128 channels.

If you wish to make use of the traditional Walsh ordering - Hadamard ­as described by the IS-95 standard, select Aux from the Controls menu
and then select Hadamard from the Meas Order field.

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Below are brief descriptions of th e measure ments available in the Code
Domain Analyzer.

Code Domain Power

Code Domain Power displays the power fo r each of the 128 Walsh codes.
Each Channel level is displayed as a vertical bar. Instances in which
the Walsh order is less than 7 will result in a vertical bar composed of a
number of walsh codes reflecting the channel “s preadin g” that has b een
allocated to this signal (see “ Code Domain Notes – IS-200 0” on page 67
for additional information on channel size and spreading.)

As with IS-95 Power measurements, the power of each vertical bar
provides an immediate picture of the current transmission status and
allows comparison of signal levels among the Pilot, Sy nc, Paging, and
Traffic channels. However, these channels may have different locations
and slightly different meanings in the IS-2000 standard. Refer to “Code

Domain Notes – IS-2000” on page 67 for additional information.

As with IS-95 Code Domain measurements, you may measure the
absolute or the relative power. However, in IS-200 0 mode this is
specified by selecting the Reference control and then specifying Abs or
Rel in the Ch pwr unit field:

• Absolute Code Domain Power displays the power in each of the 128
Walsh codes, relative to the total power inside a 1.23 MHz
bandwidth centered at the tune frequency. T o measure absolute co de
domain power t h e Ch pwr unit field on the Reference menu must
be set to Abs (see Figure 3-9). Use the Marker controls to move the
marker to the Walsh code (Chan Num) you want to measure.

• Relative code domain power displays the power in each of the 128
Walsh codes, relative to the pilot’s power. (Pilot power is
approximately two-thirds of the total power.) To measure relative
code domain power the Ch pwr unit field on the Reference menu
must be set to Rel (see Figure 3-9). Use the Marker controls to move
the marker to the supplemental or Walsh (Chan Num) you want to
measure.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 63

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Figure 3-12 Selecting Absolute or Relative Code Domain Power – IS-2000

Select
Reference

Select Abs
Rel

(relative) code doma in

(absolute) or

power measurement.

Fast Power

Fast Power is a faster method of measuring Code Domain Power. A
non-fast power measurement must first be made before Fast Power
measurement begins, or when changes to the following fields occur:

• Data Rate (CDMA GENERATOR screen)

• PN Offset (CDMA ANALYZER screen)

• Opt CDMA TB (INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen)

• Ext Ref In (INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen)
To set up for a Fast Power measurement, use the following procedure.

1. Make a Fast Power Synchronize (Fst Power Sync) measurement.

2. Once a measurement is made, the Fast Power parameters are
established.

Code Domain Power & Noise

The Power & Noise option displays the Code Domain channels along
with channel noise, shown as hatch marks within each channel area.
This makes troubleshooting signal-to-noise problems easy.

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Figure 3-13 Code Domain Power & Noise

Code Domain Complex Power

Complex Power provides a view of the Code Domain Power in ac cording
to both the IS -95 and the IS-2000 st a nd ards as follo ws:

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

• IS-95 and IS-2000, or I view – is shown in the top trace. In this view
signals which are active in both the IS-95 and IS-2000 standards
appear. For example, in Figure 3-14, Channel 1, the channel
reserved for the pilot in IS-95 is active in the top trace and inactive
in the bottom, which shows the IS-2000 view alone.

• IS-2000 alone, or Q view – is shown in the bottom trace. Any
channels which are reserved for use by t he IS-95 protoco l will appear
inactive in this view.

To view the Complex Power in the Code Domain:

1. Select IS-2000 in the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select the CODE DOMAIN screen.

3. Select Main from the Controls menu.

4. Select Complex Power in the Measurement field.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 65

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Figure 3-14 Code Domain Complex Power

Time Offset

Time Offset indicat es how well your tr ansmitter’s signal is time-aligned
to system time. The displayed value takes into account the PN
Sequence Offset Index of your transmitte r that is entered on the CDMA
ANALYZER screen.

Frequency Error

Frequency error is the frequency difference between your transmitter’s
actual center frequency and the frequency (or channel) you entered.

Carrier Feed thr o ug h

Used to measure performance of the I/Q
modulator of your transmitter. Extremely low values indicate a very
good I/Q modulator. Higher values indicate potentia l proble ms with the
I/Q modulator. If Carrier Feedthrough measures more than
approximately -25 dBc, there may be problems with the Base Station.
Unit of measure is dBc.

Code Domain Fast Power Synchronize

Fast Power Synchronize provides a way to establish all the
measurement parameters needed to make Fast Power measurements.
As a convenience, these parameters are also set with Power, Power and
Noise, and Complex Power.

To make a Fast Power Synchronize measurement in the Code Domain:

1. Select IS-2000 in the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select the CODE DOMAIN screen.

3. Select Main from the Controls menu.

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4. Select Fst Pwr Sync in the Measurement field.

Figure 3-15 Fast Power S y n c hr o n ize

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

Code Domain Notes – IS-2000

The IS-95 standard includes only 64 Walsh codes which map directly
into channels, numbered consecutively from 0 to 63 (Hadamard
ordering). This provided a uniform channel size regardless of purpose.

The IS-2000 standard allows up to 128 Walsh codes. In addition, to
handle the wide range of data rates available in IS-2000 (9.6 kbps for
voice up to 307.2 kbps for low mobility data), variable length Walsh
code spreading is used. The code tree representation, shown in Figure

3-16, of the variable length Walsh codes is useful in unders tanding how

these codes are generated and ho w the y can be selected to maintain
orthogonality.

Figure 3-16 Building a tree using the Bit Reverse method

000

0

0

1

00
10

01
11

100
010

110

001
101

011
111

(0)
(4)

(2)
(6)

(1)
(5)

(3)
(7)

Testing CDMA Base Stations

To generat e a Walsh code tree, take the initi al code, first a dd a place
(bit) in the most significant number’s (MSN) place. Then, for the upper
branch, give this bit t he value “0”. Finally, for the lower branch give this
number the value “1”. This process proc eeds to generat e more and more
branches until you have reached the desired Walsh code length. The
code sets are denoted by their length in bits which corresponds to the

Chapter 3 67

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Code Domain Testing

vertical columns (all codes that have the same Spread Factor) in the
tree.

The Walsh order (number of bits that comprises the specified code)
indicates the bit number to use to spread the data. Befo re being spread ,
data is assigned to the Walsh codes encompassed by the spread. After
encoding and interleaving, the data is spread according to the Walsh
order.

In addition to variable length sprea ding, an individua l Pilot is adde d to
each mobile to allow synchronous detection by the base station. The
reverse link uses I and Q long codes scrambled with the I and Q short
codes to produce a new modulation format called HPSK (Hybrid Phase
Shift Keying). HPSK reduces the dynamic range of the modulation to
allow less expensive output amplifiers for modules. The net result is a
doubling of the spectral efficiency of the system compare to earlier
standards.

In IS-2000, Pilot and Synch forward (base to mobile) channels still use
IS-95 coding (channels 0 and 63), with up to seven Paging channels
(also IS-95 coding). However, the following forward channe ls are now
additionally available:

• Broadcast Channel – for system overhead messages

• Quick Paging Channel – indicates whether pages will occur in

upcoming slots

• Common Power Control Channel – used to reduce interference and

collisions during system access

• Common Assignment Channel – also used to reduce interference

• Common Control Channels – can be used efficiently with a

Broadcast channel that will handle system overhead

• Dedicated Control Channels – carries signaling data and power

control dat a i n connectio n with traffic ch a nnels

• Many Traffic channels – including one fundamental channel and up

to seven forward supplemental channels for high speed data

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IQ Plot

The I/Q PLOT can also be selected from the list of available
measurements on the Test Set.

Figure 3-17 IQ PLOT screen

Testing CDMA Base Stations

IQ Plot

The I/Q PLOT screen graphically shows I/Q decision points. This is a
useful troubleshooting tool when investigating Rho problems

Visual presentation helps identify I/Q errors. Figure 3-17 shows no
errors. However, the 4 point groupings could be skewed away from
perfect square or offset indicating a phase error. This will result in
interference from I to Q and from Q to I. Phase errors can result from
crosstalk between I and Q in the base station baseband processing
section, misaligned LOs or intermodulation between Walsh codes.

To view th e I /Q plot:

1. Select the I/Q PLOT screen.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 69

Testing CDMA Base Stations

PN Offs e t Search

PN Offset Search

There are two ways to provide your Base Station’s PN Offset value to
the Test Set. The first way is to enter the value directly in the PN Offset
field. The second is to have the Test Set determine the value from the
received signals.

“Procedure to Enter the PN Offset Manually” on page 71
“Procedure to Measure the PN Offset” on page 71

Each whole offset is equal t o 64 chips (=52. 08 ms). Fractional values are
rounded off, and can be entered, in increments of 0.015625 (1 chip).
Once entered, this value is shared by all CDMA screens.

This value is used by the analyzer when the Even Sec field on the
CDMA GENERATOR screen is set to Enable.

NOTE

CAUTION

When the Even Sec In field is set to Not, changes to the PN Offset
field have no effect on the analyzer.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before measuring Rho:
❏ Connect your transmitter signal to the RF IN/OUT port of the Test

Set.

❏ Connect your Even Second Clock to the Even Sec/Sync In port of the

Test Set. (Required only for Time Offset measurement)

❏ Connect your Base Station Reference signal to the REF IN port of

the Test Set.

❏ Know the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

Overpower Damage — Refer to the Test Set’s side panel for maximum
input power level. Exceeding this level can cause permanent
instrument damage.

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Procedure to Enter the PN Offset Manually

PN Offs e t Search

1. Press the

CDMA Anl

key to go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

2. Select Rho from the measu rement field in the upper le ft corner of the
display.

3. Enter the channel number or RF frequency of your transmitter.

4. Select Manual from the Find PN field.

5. Update the PN Offset for the Base Station being tested, if it is not
already correct.

Results

Figure 3-18 Manual PN Offset fie ld s

Procedure to Measure the PN Offset

1. Press the

CDMA Anl

2. Select Rho from the measu rement field in the upper le ft corner of the
display.

3. Enter the channel number or RF frequency of your transmitter.

4. Select Auto from the Find PN field.

5. Select the measurement on the right side of the display (default is
Freq Err).

6. Select PN Offset from the list of choices. Now the PN Offset
measurement is displayed. The PN Offset value is also displayed in

Chapter 3 71

key to go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Testing CDMA Base Stations

PN Offs e t Search

the Code Domain screen.

NOTE

The PN Increment field allows you to search based on a step size of your
choice. If PN Increment = 1 (default), the search will step through PN
values by one PN at a time. If PN Increment = 5, it will step through PN
values 0, 5, 10, and so on. The Measured PN displayed will be a
multiple of 5, even if the actual PN is not a multiple of 5.

If you know that all base stations in the area have fixed increments,
then set the PN Increment field to that increment value. If you don’t
know, then use the default value of 1.

Results

Figure 3-19 Measured P N Offset

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Testing CDMA Base Stations

Rho (Modulation Quality)

Rho (Modulation Qualit y)

In this measurement, the modulated signal is compared to an ideal
reference waveform to determine the performance of the transmitte r’s
modulation circuitry. Rho values are in the range of 0 to 1. A value of 1
indicates perfect correlation to the reference (high modulation quality).
CDMA Base Station standards require that transmitters have rho
performance of 0.912 or higher.

With the Rho measurement, the following data is provided:

•Rho

• Frequency Error
Frequency error is the frequency difference between your

transmitter’s actual center frequency and the frequency (or channel)
you entered.

•Time Offset
Time offset indicates how well your transmitter’s signal is

time-aligned to system time. The disp l a ye d v al u e takes into account
the PN Sequence Offset of your transmitter.

• Carrier Feedthrough
Used to measure performance of the I/Q modulator of your

transmitter. Extremely low values indicate a very good I/Q
modulator. Higher values indicate potential problems with the I/Q
modulator. If Carrier Feedthrough measures more than
approximately −20 dB, there may be problems with the Base Station.
Unit of measure is dBc.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before measuring Rho:
❏ Connect your transmitter signal to the RF IN/OUT port of the Test

Set.

❏ Connect your Even Second Clock to the Even Sec/Sync In port of the

Test Set. (Required only for Time Offset measurement)

❏ Connect your Base Station Reference signal to the REF IN port of

the Test Set.

Testing CDMA Base Stations

❏ Set up your Base Station to transmit Pilot channel only.
❏ Know the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.
❏ Know the P N offset for th e Base Station.

Chapter 3 73

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Rho (Modulation Quality)

CAUTION

Overpower Damage — Refer to the Test Set’s side panel for maximum
input power level. Exceeding this level can cause permanent
instrument damage.

Procedure

1. Press the

CDMA Anl

2. Select RF Channel or Tune Frequency, depending on whether your
channels are selected by channel number or by frequency.

3. Enter the channel number or RF frequency of your transmitter.

4. Update the PN Offset for the Base Station being tested, if it is not
already correct.

5. Select the measurement on the left side of t he display (de fault is Avg
Pwr).

6. Select Rho from the list of choices. Now the Rho measurement is
displayed.

7. Rho, Time Offset, Fr equency Erro r, and Carrier Feedthrough should
be displayed.

key to go to the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

Results

Figure 3-20 Rho measurement

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Transmit Spectru m

Viewing the Transmit Spectrum can give you information about your
CDMA signal and about other signals in the nearby frequencies.

Look for a CDMA signal that has the characteristic shape.

Figure 3-21 Standard CDMA Signal

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Transmit Spectrum

Seeing “Shoulders” on the Spectrum Analyzer display is one common
distortion of the CDMA shape. This problem usually occurs when there
is a problem with the power amplifier of the Base Station. The
bandwidth of the “Shoulders” is usually about twice the bandwidth of
the 1.2288 MHz CDMA signal.

Figure 3-22 CDMA Signal with “Shoulders” Distortion

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Chapter 3 75

Testing CDMA Base Stations

Transmit Spectrum

Sometimes the “Shoulders” also occur when there is an interfering
signal near the CDMA signal. In this case, the “Shoulders” are usually
much smaller in bandwidth.

Prerequisites

You will need to do the following before you look at the transmit
spectrum:

❏ Connect your transmitter signal to either the RF IN/OUT or the

ANT IN port. You can also use an antenna on the ANT IN port if you
want to view the signal off the air.

Procedure

1. Press the

Spec Anl

key to go to the SPECTRUM ANALYZER screen.

2. Select RF Channel or Tune Frequency, depending on whether your
desired channel is selected by channel number or by frequency.

3. Enter the channel number or frequency of your transmitter.

4. Adjust the Ref Level of the signal to better display your signal.

5. The spectrum of your signal should be displayed. Look for
“shoulde rs” or interferi ng signals.

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4

Utility Procedures

This chapter contains procedures an d instructions that will help you
make the most efficient use of your Test Set.

Utility Procedures

77

Utility Procedures

Beeper

Beeper

The beeper notifies you when a message is displayed. Since a message
may be removed from the screen before you notice it, it is better to leave
the beeper on to alert you to errors during operation.

The beeper’s volume setting is retained when the instrument is turned
off.

Beeper Control

1. Press the

Inst Config

key to go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE

screen.

2. Select Beeper.

3. Choose from Off, Quiet, or Loud.

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Utility Procedures

Changing Between Channel Mode and Frequency Mode

Changing Between Channel Mode and
Frequency Mode

There are two ways to tune the Test Set’s Generator and Analyzer: by
channel number or by frequency. Default is channel mode, with N AMER
PCS being the default system channel standard.

Channel mode is useful when you don’t necessarily know the frequency
of the channel you are testing, but you do know the channel number
and the channel standard.

Frequency mode is useful when you are concerned about specific
frequencies. That may be when you are searching for interfering
signals, or when you want to put the Test Set in loopback mode.

• When Chan is selected, you enter the RF Generator’s and the RF
Analyzer’s channel numbers directly using the keypad or knob. You
can also choose a system channel standard.

Channel mode automatically sets the RF Generator’s and the RF
Analyzer’s frequency separation according to the system’s channel
standard.

• When Freq is selected, the RF Channel field on all screens is
replaced by frequency fields:

— RF Gen Freq in the CDMA GENERATOR and RF GENERATOR

screens

— Tune Freq in the CDMA ANALYZER, RF ANALYZER, IQ Plot

and CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screens
— Center Freq in the SPECTRUM ANALYZER screen
The frequency separation for frequency mode can be set in the

INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen.

Procedure to Change Between Channel and Frequency Modes

1. Press the
screen.

2. Select RF Display. The value toggles between Freq and Chan.

Inst Config

key to go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE

•If you selected Chan, you should choose your desired channel

standard from the RF Chan Std field.

•If you selected Freq, you can turn the RF Offset On or Off in the

RF Offset field. The frequency difference controlled by the RF
Offset is set in the (Gen) - (Anl) field.

Chapter 4 79

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Changing Between IS-95 Mode and IS-2000 Mode

Changing Between IS-95 Mode and IS-2000
Mode

There are two ways to make Code Domain measurements:

• Using the IS-95 standard

• Using the IS-2000 (or CDMA2000) standard
IS-95 mode is used to view Code Domain measurements using the

Hadamard ordering and the 64 Walsh codes specified by the stand a rd.
IS-2000 mode is used to view Code Domain measurements and the 128

Wash codes with channel spreading.

• When IS-95 only is selected, Code Domain measurements can be
made for Power, Fast Power, Timing and Phase for the 64 Walsh
channels specified by this standard.

• When IS-2000 is selected, Power, Fast Power, and Fast Power
Synchronize measurements can be made using 128 Walsh channels
as specified by this standard. In addition, the following become
accessible:

— Code Domain Power & Noise in the CODE DOMAIN analyzer

screen

— Code Domain Complex Power in the CODE DOMAIN analyzer

screen

Procedure to Change Between IS-95 and IS-2000 Modes

1. Press the
screen.

2. Select CDMA Std. The selections available are IS-95 only and
IS-2000.

Inst Config

key to go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE

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Utility Procedures

Measuring Insertion Losses

Measuring Inse rtio n Losses

To make accurate power and receiver measurements, the signal loss
through the cables or other devices used in your test setup must be
known and entered into the Test Set’s INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE
screen to compensate for these losses.

Signal losses are measured using a built-in automated routine that
runs on the Test Set’s IBASIC controller. Los ses can be calibrated at a
discrete (single) frequency or over a frequency range. This is one
routine included in a set of utility procedures called the RF TOOLS.

During the test, a calibrated signal is fed through two 6 dB
attentuators/pads (suc h as Mini-Circuits model NAT-6-60) and a short
type-N male-to-male cable to establish a known reference point. The
Test Set then prompts you to connect the device under test to measure
the additional loss through that device. (The pads and cable are not
part of the standard equ i pment shipped wi th th e Test Set.)

Figure 4-1 on page 81 shows how to load and run the RFTOOLS

routines and select the desired insertion loss test.

Figure 4-1 Loading and Running the Insertion Loss Test

1 Select

Select

2

3

Select

When the screen below app ears.......

ROM

RFTOOLS

Run Test

...use the knob to move the cursor
and select either

Insertion Loss

. When run, the test prompts

Loss

Discrete Freq

or

Swept In ser tio n

you to enter the necessary test
frequency information and displays
setup diagra ms. Make the in dicated
connections and follow instructions

Utility Procedures

Chapter 4 81

Utility Procedures

Memory Cards

Memory Cards

The slot on the front of the Test Set is used for memory cards. The
memory cards are used for the following:

• Storage of Save/Recall registers

• Loading of software (either Agilent Technologies or self-written)

• Collecting data (only when using software)

• Upgrading firmware or software

Memory Cards and Initialization

There are several types of memory cards available, and the followin g
cards are used with the Test Set:

• SRAM: used for Save/Recall and data storage

• Flash ROM: used when upgrading firmware

• OTP (One Time Programmable): used for Agilent Technologies
software

Flash ROM cannot be used for collecting data and Save/Recall.
Data cannot be loaded on Flash ROM and OTP cards with the Test Set’s

memory card slot. SRAM can be initialized with the Test Set.

Initializing SRAM Cards for Save/Recall and Data Collection

1. Insert the SRAM card into the slot. If the card is uninitialized, a
message will appear at the top of the display.

2. Press

Shift

and

IO Confg

to display the I/OCONFIGURE screen.

3. Using the knob, locate the FORMAT CARD field.

4. Select the FORMAT CARD field. A prompt will appear at the top of the
display. Pressing

will erase and initialize the card.

Yes

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Oscilloscope

The built-in 50 kHz oscilloscope provides

• multiple triggering formats (internal and external)

• single-shot and pre-trigger viewing for single events

• full marker capability with automatic level and time readout
Time/division, volts/ division and vertical offset are displayed and can be

changed using the front-panel knob.
Input to the Oscilloscope is provided from various sources including

direct inputs to the Audio Input and Modulation Input connectors.
Oscilloscope functions are accessed from the AF ANL and
OSCILLOSCOPE screens.

Figure 4-2 Inputs and Filters for the Oscilloscope

Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

FM Demod
AM Demod
SSB Demod

Audio In connector

Ext Mod connector

FM Mod
AM Mod
Audio Out

Controlled by
AF Anl In
field

Input

Filters

De-emp

Notch

Controlled by
Scope To
field

To
Scope

To
Audio Monitor

Out connector

Chapter 4 83

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Input

1. Press

Shift

, then

RF Anl

to select the AF ANALYZER screen.

2. Select the AF Anl Input field. A list of choices should appear.

3. Select the desired input to the scope:

• FM Demod for FM demodulated audio from input signals

connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.

• AM Demod for AM demodulated audio from input signals

connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.

• SSB Demod for SSB dem od ulated audio from input signals

connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.

• Audio In for a signal connecte d to the AUDIO IN connector.

• Ext Mod for a signal connected to the rear panel MODULATION

INPUT connector.

• FM Mod for the FM modulated audio from the RF Gen section.

• AM Mod for the AM modulated audio from the RF Gen section.

• Audio Out for the signal present at the AUDIO OUT connector.

4. The input to the Scope is displayed on the SCOPE screen.

Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Filters

1. Press

2. Select the Scope To field. A list of choices should appear.

3. Select the desired filterin g f or the signa l :

• Input if you want no filtering (Input is DC coupled)

• Filters to route the audio to the Oscilloscope after passing

through Filters #1 and #2. (AC coupled)

• De-emp to route the audio to the Oscilloscope after passing

through Filters #1 and #2, and the De-Emphasis circuitry.(AC
coupled)

• Notch to route the audio to the Oscilloscope aft er passing through

Filters #1 and #2, the De-Emphasis circuitry, and Notch
circuitry.(AC coupled)

Shift

, then

RF Anl

to select the AF ANALYZER screen.

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Utility Procedures

Oscilloscope

Triggering the Oscilloscope

You can control following Triggering features of the oscilloscope:

• Trigger: external or internal

• Automated or normal triggering

• Continuous or single shot triggering

• Trigger level

• Trigger delay
The oscilloscope is triggered using the Trigger menu. Select this menu

with the following procedure:

1. Press

Shift

, then

Scope

to go to the OSCILLOSCOPE screen.

2. Select the Controls field, then choose Trigger from the list of
choices.

Using the Marker

The marker is used to help you make measurements with the
oscilloscope. By repositioning the marker, you can measure the level
and time.

The Marker is controlled using the Marker menu. Select this menu
with the following procedure:

1. Press

Shift

, then

Scope

2. Select the Controls field, the choose Marker from the list of choices.

to go to the OSCILLOSCOPE screen.

Chapter 4 85

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Online Help

Online Help

The Test Set contains help screens which briefly identify the most
commonl y u sed features of the Test Set.

Access the Help screens by pressing the
the Help Topic of interest.

Pressing the

key allows you to switch between the HELP screen

Prev

and the previous screen you had accessed. This is particularly useful
when you are following a procedure described in the HELP screen.

Help Screen Display

Figure 4-3 Help Screen Display

key. Use the knob to select

Help

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Ports: GPIB, Serial and Parallel

Utility Procedures

Ports: GPIB, Serial and Parallel

NOTE

For the purposes of this documentation, the terms “GPIB” and “HP-IB”
are used interchangeably.

There are three types of data ports on the Test Set: GPIB, Serial, and
Parallel. They each have specific purposes.

GPIB Port

A special port is provided on the Test Set for IBASIC communications.
It is used to control the Test Set with an external IBASIC controller.

This port can be used with an external programming device when
writing programs, although it is also common to program the Test Set
using a serial port.

The default address of the GPIB port is 14. This is commonly used in
Agilent Technologies Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) programs. An
example command providing output to the port is
OUTPUT 714;”*RST” , which presets the Test Set.

It has two modes, which correspond to modes useful when
programming the Test Set. T alk&Listn is the normal mode. Use Contro l
only when you need to control GPIB instruments external to the Test
Set.

Controlling the GPIB Port

1. Press
screen.

2. Set the address of the GPIB port with the HP-IB Adrs field.

3. Use the Mode field to set the mode to either Talk& Listn or Control.

Shift

, then the

Inst Config

key to display the I/O CONFIGURE

Serial Ports

Three serial ports are available on the Test Set. SERIAL 9 is used for
printing, IBASIC control and data communications. SERIAL 10 is used
only for data communications from IBASIC. SERIAL 11 is reserved for
future use with special soft ware t hat enables remo te oper atio n through
a PC.

Utility Procedures

Chapter 4 87

Utility Procedures

Ports: GPIB, Serial and Parallel

Configuring Serial Ports

All serial ports are configured via the I/O CONFIGURE screen. Baud
Rate, Parity, Data Length, Stop Length and Flow Control are all
configured in this screen.

1. Press Shift, then I/O Config to go to the I/O CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select Serial Port to choose the port you want to configure.

3. Change the settings for the port as desired.

NOTE

Do not set Flow Cntl to Hardware on the I/O CONFIGURE screen for
the serial port until you have a device attached to the port that can
respond to the flow control communications.

Example: Assume you have a printer attached to Serial Port 9. Power is
off to the printer. Before y o u start to run any IBASIC softwar e (for
example, the RFTOOLS program), you must make sure the printer is
attached and power is on to the printer.

Additionally, port 9 can be configured for IBASIC control from this
screen. See “Configuring Se rial Port 9 for IBASIC Communications” on

page 89.

Using Serial Ports for Printing

Serial Port 9 is the only serial port that can be used for printing. See

“Printing” on page 92.

1. If you want to change the serial port configuration, see “Configuring

Serial Port 9 for IBASIC Communications” on page 89. It is not

necessary t o change the Serial_9 In field.

2. Press Shift, then Printer Config to display the CONFIGURE
PRINTING screen.

3. Select Printer Port. Choose Serial 9 to direct the output to Serial
Port 9.

4. Press Print to print the screen.

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Utility Procedures

Ports: GPIB, Serial and Parallel

Configuring Serial Port 9 for IBASIC Communications

The internal connection to Serial Port 9 is controlled in the I/O
CONFIGURE screen. The port has two purposes with IBASIC:

• Inst: Serial Port 9 is connected to a terminal (that is, a PC running
a terminal emulator program such as HyperTerminal). IBASIC
commands are input from the terminal and are used to control the
Test Set.

• IBASIC: Serial Port 9 is connected to a device that can communicate
with an IBASIC program already running inside the Test Set.
Typically used for input/output to a PC or other device.

1. Press Shift, then I/O Config to go to the I/O CONFIGURE screen.

2. Select Serial_9 In to toggle between Inst and IBASIC.

Parallel Ports

There are two parallel ports on the Test Set.
Parallel Port 15 is the only parallel port that can be us ed for printing. It

can be selected in the PRINTER CONFIGURATION screen.
Both parallel ports (Port 15 and Port 16) may be used for controlling a

Base Station. The port can be put in an input or an output mode. The
data is then written or read under IBASIC control. When in either of
these modes, the printing function on Port 15 is disabled.

Chapter 4 89

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Power Measur e ments

Power Measurements

There are several power measurements available in this Test Set. They
are listed below, along with brief descriptions.

Average Power

CDMA ANALYZER screen. Measur es th e av e r ag e power of the full
bandwidth of the input signal (RF IN/OUT port only). The most used
and the most accurate CDMA power measurement. Typically used
when only one CDMA signal is present. Since this measurement
measures the full bandwidth of the inp ut signal, if more than one signal
is present, the power measurement will reflect the average power of all
signals. See “Average Power” on page 46.

Channel Power

CDMA ANALYZER screen. Channel Power measures the power in the

1.23 MHz band of the chosen CDMA channel. The frequency or channel
of the transmitter must first be entered in the Tune Frequency or RF
Channel field. Often used with low level signals or when making
measurements in the presence of interfering signals. Use this
measurement when there are multiple CDMA channels at the input to
the Test Set. See “Channel Power (1.23 MHz and 30 kHz)” on page 49.

Code Domain Power – IS-95

CODE DOMAIN screen, IS-95 mode. Measures the power for each of
the 64 Walsh Channels relative to the total power in side a 1.23 MH z
bandwidth centered at the Tune Frequency. See “Code Domain

Measurements – IS-95” on page 59.

Code Domain Power – IS-2000

CODE DOMAIN screen, IS-2000 mode. Measures the power for each of
the 128 Walsh Channels relative to the total powe r i nside a 1.23 MHz
bandwidth centered at the Tune Frequency. See “Code Domain

Measurements – IS-2000” on page 62.

Fast Power

CODE DOMAIN screen (IS-95 and IS-2000). A faster method of
measuring Code Domain Power. A value for Time Offset must be
transferred from a non-fast power measurement before measurements
begin. See “Code Domain Testing” on page 56.

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Utility Procedures

Power Measurements

Power & Noise

CODE DOMAIN screen (IS-2000). Measures Code Domain Power along
with channel noise. See “Code Domain Testing” on page 56.

Complex Power

CODE DOMAIN screen (IS-2000). Measures Code Domain Power for
both IS-95 channels and IS-2000 channels. Allows viewing of both
channel types simultaneously. See “Code Domain Testing” on page 56.

TX Power

RF ANALYZER screen. Measures the peak power of cosine wave
signals. Used for testing FM/AM radios. Choose between Peak and
Sampled power. Do not use with CDMA, since this will result in
erroneous readings. Refer to the “Agilent Technologies 8935 Series

E6380A CDMA Cellular/PCS Base Station Test Set Application Guide”

Application Guide for more information.

Chapter 4 91

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Printing

Printing

You can print from t he Test Set via Parallel Port 15, Serial Port 9, or the
GPIB port.

Note that data collection is not the same as printing. Data collection
can only be done from a software program.

Configuring the Test Set for Printing

NOTE

1. Press

Shift

, then

Printer Config

to display the PRINTER

CONFIGURATION screen.

2. Select the Model field and choose the printer that most closely
matches your printer.

3. Select the Printer Port field and choose the port you will connect
the printer to. If necessary, use the I/O CONFIGURE screen to set
up addresses and communication modes.

a. SERIAL PORT 9: This is the uppermost serial port. Conf iguration

defaults are 9600, none, 8, 1, Xon/Xoff.

Do not turn Flow Control on (set Flow Cntl to “Hardware” in the I/O
CONFIGURE screen) for the serial port until you have a device
attached to the port that can respond to the flow control
communications.

Example: Assume you have a printer attached to Serial Port 9. Power is
off to the printer. Before y o u start to run any IBASIC softwar e (for
example, the RFTOOLS program), you must make sure the printer is
attached and power is on to the printer.

b. GPIB: The GPIB address (HP-IB Adrs ) is set to printer address

701. Enter this number as 01. Set Mode to CONTROL. (The
default address 14 is reserved for a n external controller .)

c. PARALLEL PORT: There are two ports available. Port 15 (the

printer po rt) is the uppermost port.

4. Connect the proper cable to the connector you selected.

• SERIAL PORT: Use a standard NULL MODEM cable.

• GPIB: GPIB cable (such as Agilent Technologies 10833B)

• PARALLEL PORT: Parallel cable

5. Change FF (Form Feed) and Lines/Page as needed.

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Printing a Screen

1. Configure the Test Set for Printing.

2. Go to the screen you want to print.

Utility Procedures

Printing

3. Press the

key if you want to te mporarily stop the measur ement.

Hold

(Optional)

4. Press the

key. Data will be sent to the printer.

Print

5. To cancel the print, go to the PRINTER CONFIGURE screen and
select Abort Print.

Chapter 4 93

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Measuring Swept Return Loss

Measuring Swept Return Loss

This procedure measures the return loss (VSWR) of an antenna using
an IBASIC program that is in the Test Set’s memory. An external
directional bridge must be provided (such as an Eagle RLB 150X5
Option N5A or equivalent).

Press the

key to access the SOF TWARE MENU screen, and follow

Menu

the instructions illustrated on the following pages.

Figure 4-4 Loading and Running the Return Loss Program

Select

Select

Select

ROM

RFTOOLS

Run Test

Use the knob to move the cursor and
select

Swept Return Loss

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Utility Procedures

Measuring Swept Return Loss

Figure 4-5 Entering Swept Return Loss Measurement Information

Enter the

Start

and

Stop Frequency

values for the measurement.
The

Max expected loss

value is used
to determine the graphics scaling when
the measurement is displayed.

The

DUPLEX OUT level

is
adjustab l e to reduce the RF level use d
when measuring the loss of sensitive
devices, and to minimize the amount of
transmitted power during the test (if
necessary).

Chapter 4 95

Utility Procedures

Utility Procedures

Measuring Swept Return Loss

Figure 4-6 Swept Return Loss Measurement Connections

T wo 6 dB attenuators (pads), two short
cables, and the return loss bridge are
used to establish a calibration
reference

test connected

without the device under

. Press

Proceed(k1

) to

continue.
As indicated by the NOTE on the

drawing, your return loss bridge may
be marked differently than shown.

When measuring the swept return loss
of a transmission line that is not
terminated at an antenna, terminate
the line into a 50Ω load.

After conne cting your device unde r
test, press

Proceed(k1

) to make the

measurement.

The plot in Figure 4-7 is for a cellular band antenna, swept from
800 MHz to 999 MHz. The plot (and the text above it) indicates that the
maximum return loss is at 885.4 MHz. This is the point where the
antenna is radiating the maximum amount of signal being fed into it
from the return loss bridge, and therefore the Test Set is receiving the
least amount of reflected (returned) energy back.

Device under test

Termination

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Figure 4-7 Swept Retu r n L o ss M e a s urement Result s

Utility Procedures

Measuring Swept Return Loss

Proceed

to the run the
test again or to select a
different test.

Save Plot

to an
initialized writeable PC
card. (See “Memory

Cards” on page 82.)

Perform a

Screen Dump

to print the sc re en to a
connected printer. (See

“Printing” on page 92.)

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Software: Loading

Software: Loading

Instructions for loading software ar e included with the software
package. Refer to the software package’s User Guide for instructions on
how to load the software.

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Tracking Generator

Tracking Generator

The Tracking Generator is primarily used for measuring Return Loss
and Insertion Loss. It also allows for quick and accurate
characterization of filters, duplexers, combiners, and RF to IF
conversions. Broadband RF devices can be characterized with single
sweeps due to the full-span sweep capability to 1 GHz. The tracking
generator also includes amplitude and frequency offset. Output from
the Tracking Generator are provided at either the side panel RF
IN/OUT or DUPLEX OUT connector.

Using the Tracking Generator

To measure Return Loss, see “Measuring Swept Return Loss” on page

94. To measure Insertion Loss, see “Measuring Insertion Losses” on
page 81.

Features of the Tracking Generator are listed below.

NOTE

• Sweep: the start and stop frequencies of the sweep are determined
by the Spectrum Analyzer’s Main Menu. The Span determines the
band, and Center Freq defines the midpoint of the sweep.

• Offset Freq: sets the difference between the instantaneous
frequency of the Tracking Generator and the center frequency of the
Spectrum Analyzer. This value can be positive or negative.

• Amplitude: sets the amplitude of the signal.

• Norm/Invert: With Norm, the Tracking Generator sweeps from low
to high frequencies. With Invert, it sweeps from high to low
frequencies.

The offset function is useful when looking at frequency translating
devices, or anytime you need to sweep around a frequency while
analyzing another. During normal operation, off set is set to “0.00”.

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Tracking Generator

Figure 4-8

Figure 4-9 Spectrum Analyzer with Tracking Generator Controls

Displayed

Tracking
Generator
Controls

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Utility Procedures

User Keys

User Keys

User keys instantly access inst rument s etting s wi thout using the knob.
You can use user keys to move quickly between fields on the same
screen, and to access field settings that are not normally available on
the screen you are using. When the user key is pressed, the cursor
instantly moves to, and selects, the assigned field.

Global user keys are used to access settings that are not available on
the current screen. Three global user keys are available: k1', k2', and
k3'. (To use one of these keys, press

Local user keys are used to move be tween sett ings on the s cree n that i s
displayed. Five local user keys are available for each screen: k1, k2, k3,
k4, and k5. You can assign these keys yoursel f, or use the factor y preset
assignments.

Displaying the Pre-assigned Local User Keys

, then the user key.)

Shift

1. Press the

2. Press the

3. Press

Enter

key.

Shift
Assign

key (k4).

. Now the factory preset keys are displayed.

Assigning a Local User Key

1. Move the cursor to the field you want to assign to a user key.

2. Press the

3. Press the

key.

Shift
Assign

key (k4).

4. Press the user key you want to assign to the field you chose. The
number of the user key will appear beside the field when you move
the cursor.

Assigning a Global User Key

1. Move the cursor to the field you want to assign to a user key.

2. Press the

3. Press the

key.

Shift
Assign

key (k4).

4. Press the

Shift

key.

5. Press the user key you want to assign to the field you chose. Global
user keys are k1’, k2’, and k3’. The number of the user key does not
appear beside the field when using global user keys.

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User Keys

To Release a User Key Assignment

Perform the same procedure fo r assigning a key, but instead of pressing
the

Assign

key

), press the

(k4

Release

key (k5).

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Voltmeter

Voltmeter

The Voltmeter is available in the Test Set, and can measure low level
DC or AC v oltages. The input to t he Voltmeter is controlle d by the AF
Anl In field in the AF ANALYZER screen.

CAUTION

Do not exceed the rated input to the Test Set for the DC Level and AC
Level measurements. Refer to the specifications for input limits.

The connector best suited to making AC Level and DC Level
measurements is the Audio In port.

Measuring AC Level and DC Level

1. Press

2. Select AF Anl In and choose Audio In.

3. Select Audio In Lo and choose Gnd. This sets the Audio In Lo port t o
ground, which allows you to measure voltage at th e Audio In Hi port .

4. Attach a probe (f or example a 1:1 oscillo scope probe) to the Audio In
Hi connector.

5. AC Level should be displayed. You may need to select AF Freq, and
choose DC Level from the list of choices, if it is not already
displayed.

Shift

, then

AF Anl

to go to the AF ANALYZER screen.

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