Agilent E4401B Users Guide

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User’s Guide

Agilent Technologies

ESA Spectrum Analyzers

Firmware Revision A.04.00 and Later

This manual provides documentation for the following instruments:

Agilent Technologies ESA-E Series

E4401B (9 kHz–1.5 GHz) E4402B (9 kHz–3.0 GHz)

E4404B (9 kHz–6.7 GHz) E4405B (9 kHz–13.2 GHz) E4407B (9 kHz–26.5 GHz)

and

Agilent Technologies ESA-L Series

E4411B (9 kHz–1.5 GHz)

E4403B (9 kHz–3.0 GHz) E4408B (9 kHz–26.5 GHz)

Manufacturing Part Number: E4401-90174

Supersedes E4401-90133

Printed in USA

February 2000

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Agilent Technologiesmakesnowarrantyofanykindwithregard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning before operating this instrument.

WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not

correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

NOTE Note calls out special information for the user’s attention. It provides

operational information or additional instructions of which the user should be aware.

The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.

This symbol is used to mark the on position of the power line switch.

This symbol is used to mark the standby position of the power line switch.

This symbol indicates that the input power required is AC.

WARNING This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective

earthing ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protected earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

WARNING If this product is not used as speciﬁed, the protection provided

by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.

Warranty

This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.

Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and ﬁrmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or ﬁrmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modiﬁcation or misuse, operation outside of the environmental speciﬁcations for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

iii

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES

THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

Where to Find the Latest Information

Documentation is updated periodically.For the latest information about Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzers, including ﬁrmware upgrades and application information, please visit the following Internet URL:

http://www.agilent.com/ﬁnd/esa

Contents

1. Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Checking the Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

AC Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

2. Getting Started

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Front-Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Rear-Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Display Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Key Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Making a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

Measurement Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

Warmup Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

File Menu Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25

Locate and view files in the catalog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26

Creating a directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28

Format a Floppy Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

Save a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31

Load a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35

Rename a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37

Copy a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38

Delete a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40

Printer Setup and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

Interconnection and Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

Testing Printer Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43

Analyzer Battery Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44

3. Functional Testing

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

What Are the Functional Tests? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Functional Test Versus Performance Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Test Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Displayed Average Noise Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Contents

Procedure (10 MHz to 500 MHz) E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) E4404B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) E4405B, E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) E4405B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) E4407B and E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) E4407B and E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Frequency Readout Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

Marker Count Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

Reference Level Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33

Log Mode Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34

Linear Mode Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38

Scale Fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

Contents

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42

Second Harmonic Spurious Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46

Tracking Generator Level Flatness: HP E4401B and E4411B, Options 1DN and 1DQ . 3-47

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48

Tracking Generator Level Flatness: E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B

and E4408B, Option 1DN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51

4. Troubleshooting

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Before You Call Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Check the Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Read the Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Service Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

How to Call Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

How to Return Your Analyzer for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Service Tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Original Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Other Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Informational Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Error Queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Error Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

Error Message Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

No Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

–499 to –400:

Query Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

–299 to –200:

Execution Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Execution Error Message Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

vii

Contents

–199 to –100:

Command Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

201 to 799:

Device-Specific Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34

Greater than 1000:

Personality Specific Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-44

5. Menu Maps

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

6. Front-Panel Key Reference

AMPLITUDE Y Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Auto Couple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-13

BW/Avg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-14

Det/Demod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-19

Enter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25

Esc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26

File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

Freq Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-36

FREQUENCY Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-37

Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39

Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-40

Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-43

Marker

Meas Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-49

Meas Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-50

MEASURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-53

MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-56

MODE SETUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-57

Next Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-58

Peak Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-59

Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-65

Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-70

Print Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-71

Restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-73

Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-74

Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-75

Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-76

Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-77

SPAN X Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-79

Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-83

→ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6−48

viii

Contents

Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-84

System (Local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-88

Trig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-95

Viewing Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-99

View/Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-100

Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-103

7. Options and Accessories

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

How to Order Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Delete Manual Set (Option 0B0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Additional Manual Set (Option 0B1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Component Level Service Documentation (Option 0BV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Service Documentation and Adjustment Software

(Option 0BW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

RS-232 and Parallel Interface (Option 1AX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Rack Mount Kit With Handles (Option 1CP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

High Stability Frequency Reference (Option 1D5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Time-Gated Spectrum Analysis (Option 1D6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Ω to 75 Ω Matching Pad (Option 1D7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Ω Tracking Generator (Option 1DN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Ω Input Impedance (Option 1DP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Narrow Resolution Bandwidth (Option 1DR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Ω Tracking Generator (Option 1DQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Pre-amplifier (Option 1DS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

GPIB and Parallel Interface (Option A4H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

IF, Sweep and Video Ports (Option A4J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

12 Vdc Power Cable (Option A5D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Hard Transit Case (Option AXT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Operating and Carrying Cases (Option AYT/AYU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Fast Digitized Time Domain Sweeps (Option AYX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

External Mixing (Option AYZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Benchlink Spectrum Analyzer (Option B70) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Enhanced Memory Upgrade (Option B72) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

RF and Digital Communications Hardware

(Option B74) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Performance Bundle (Option B75) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

TV Trigger and Picture on Screen (Option B7B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Digital Signal Processing and Fast ADC (Option B7D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

RF Communications Hardware (Option B7E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Distance to Fault Accessory Kit (Option B7K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

FM Demodulation (Option BAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Contents

APC 3.5 Input Connector (Option BAB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-11

cdmaOne Measurement Personality (Option BAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-11

GSM Measurement Personality (Option BAH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Firmware Upgrade Kit (Option UE2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Low Frequency Extension (Option UKB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Commercial Calibration with Test Data

(Option UK6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

Front Panel Protective Cover (Option UK9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12

3 Year Calibration Contract (Option W32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12

5 Year Service Support (Option W50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

5 Year Calibration Contract (Option W52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12

Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

RF and Transient Limiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

Ω/75 Ω Minimum Loss Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Ω Matching Transformer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

RF Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

HP/Agilent E1779A Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14

HP/Agilent N2717A Performance Verification Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

AC Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14

Broadband Preamplifiers and Power Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

External Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15

GPIB Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Parallel Interface Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15

RS-232 Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15

Carrying Strap (Part Number E4411-60028) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

HP/Agilent 11970 Series Harmonic Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-16

HP/Agilent 11974 Series Preselected Millimeter Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16

1 Preparing for Use

This chapter provides information on how to inspect your analyzer when it arrives and what to expect when it is ﬁrst powered on. It also includes the analyzer power requirements.

1-1

Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection

Inspect the shipping container and verify that the contents are complete. Keep the container and cushioning material until you have inspected the analyzer.

Table 1-1 contains the accessories shipped with the analyzer. If the

contents are incomplete, or the analyzer does not pass the performance tests, notify the nearest Agilent Technologies ofﬁce. If the shipping container is damaged or the cushioning material shows signs of stress, also notify the carrier. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection. The Agilent ofﬁce will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for a claim settlement.

If the shipping materials are in good condition, retain them for possible future use. You may wish to ship the analyzer to another location or to return it to Agilent Technologies for service. See “How to Return Your

Analyzer for Service” on page 4-7 for more information about shipping

materials. If cleaning is necessary, use a damp cloth only.

WARNING To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the analyzer mains

before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

1-2 Chapter1

Table 1-1 Accessories Supplied with the Analyzer

Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection

Description

Adapter, Type-N (m) to BNC (f)

Adapter, BNC (m) toF (f), 75 Ω

Adapter, Type-N (m) to SMA (f)

Adapter, BNC (f) to SMA (m)

Cable, BNC (m) to BNC (m), 203 mm

Cable, SMA (m) to Type-N (m), 220 mm

Power cable See the table after

HP/Agilent Part Number

1250-0780 Not shipped with Option 1DP. Two adapters

1250-2477 Shipped only with Option 1DP. Two adapters

1250-1250 Shipped only with Option 1DN for Agilent

1250-1200 Shipped only with Option BAB.

10502A Shipped only with Agilent E4402B, E4403B,

8120-5148 Shipped only with Option 1DN for Agilent

page 1-5.

Comments

are shipped with Option 1DN.

shipped with Option 1DQ.

E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B. Not shipped with Option BAB.

E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

Shipped with analyzer.

Chapter 1 1-3

Preparing for Use

Power Requirements

The analyzer is a portable instrument and requires no physical installation other than connection to a power source. There is no need to select a line voltage.

Table 1-2 AC Power Requirements

Voltage 90-132 Vrms (47 to 440 Hz) Voltage 195 - 250 Vrms (47 to 66 Hz) Power Consumption, On less than 300 W Power Consumption, Standby less than 5 W

Table 1-3 DC Power Requirements

Voltage 12-20 Vdc Power Consumption less than 200 W

Checking the Fuse

Where IEC regulations apply, use a 5 by 20 mm, rated F5A, 250 V IEC approved fuse. This fuse may be used with input line voltages of 115 V or 230 V. Its part number is 2110-0709.

Where UL/CSA regulations apply, use a 5 by 20 mm rated fast blow, 5 A, 125 V UL/CSA approved fuse (part number 2110-0756). This fuse may only be used with an input line voltage of 115 V.

The line fuse is housed in a fuse holder in the upper left hand corner of the rear panel.

To remove the fuse, ﬁrst disconnect the power cord from the instrument. Then insert the tip of a screwdriver into the slot at the middle of the fuse holder, and turn counterclockwise to extend the fuse holder.

WARNING For continued protection against ﬁre hazard, replace the line

fuse only with the same type and rating. The use of other fuses or material is prohibited.

1-4 Chapter1

Preparing for Use

Power Requirements

AC Power Cable

The analyzer is equipped with a three-wire power cable, in accordance with international safety standards. When connected to an appropriate power line outlet, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet.

WARNING Failure to ground the analyzer properly can result in personal

injury. Before turning on the analyzer, you must connect its protective earth terminals to the protective conductor of the main power cable. Insert the main power cable plug only into a socket outlet that has a protective earth contact. DO NOT defeat the earth-grounding protection by using an extension cable, power cable, or autotransformer without a protective ground conductor.

If you are using an autotransformer, make sure its common terminal is connected to the protective earth contact of the power source outlet socket.

Various power cables are available to connect the analyzer to the types of ac power outlets unique to speciﬁc geographic areas. The cable appropriate for the area to which the analyzer is originally shipped is included with the unit. You can order additional AC power cables for use in different areas. The following table lists the available ac power cables, illustrates the plug conﬁgurations, and identiﬁes the geographic area in which each cable is appropriate.

Chapter 1 1-5

Preparing for Use

Power Requirements

1-6 Chapter1

Preparing for Use

Preparation

WARNING If this product is to be energized via an external

autotransformer for voltage reduction, make sure that its common terminal is connected to a neutral (earthed pole) of the power supply.

CAUTION This instrument has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply

voltage is within the speciﬁed range. (Refer to the Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide.)

CAUTION Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a cabinet, the

convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4 ˚C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts, then forced convection must be used.

NOTE Install the instrument so that the detachable power cord is readily

identiﬁable and is easily reached by the operator. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch. Alternatively, an externally installed switch or circuit breaker (which is readily identiﬁable and is easily reached by the operator) may be used as a disconnecting device.

Chapter 1 1-7

Preparing for Use

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time

Before using your analyzer, plug the power cord into the analyzer. Press | (the On key). Choose a power on preference using the switch on the rear panel (refer

to Figure 2-2 on page 2-8, item 14). The the analyzer on whenever external power is applied. This mode is useful if an external power switch is used to control a rack of several instruments.The

PWR NORM setting (factorydefault)assignsanalyzer

on/off control to the front-panel On key (see Figure 2-1 on page 2-3, item 23); however if the external power is removed for > 20 seconds, the instrument returns to the Standby condition of the front-panel On key when external power is reconnected.

When you turn on the analyzer, the information screen as shown in

Figure 1-1 will be displayed during initialization of the instrument.

PWR ALWAYS ON setting turns

NOTE This screen may be displayed for as long as 1 minute before the

initialization process is complete. Your analyzer product number, the ﬁrmware revision number (A.04.01),

and a URL for accessing product support information on the World Wide Web are shown.

Figure 1-1 Information Screen Displayed During Initialization

1-8 Chapter1

Preparing for Use

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time

NOTE Record the ﬁrmware revision number and keep it for reference. If you

should ever need to call Agilent Technologies for service or with any questions regarding your analyzer, it will be helpful to have the ﬁrmware revision number readily available. You can also obtain the ﬁrmware revision number by pressing

System.

System, More 1 of 3, Show

To ensure your analyzer meets speciﬁcations, it must meet operating temperature conditions. Allow a 5 minute warmup before making calibrated measurements.

If the analyzer is an Agilent Technologies E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, or E4408B, connect a BNC cable from the AMPTD REF OUT to INPUT 50 press

System, Alignments, Align Now, All.

NOTE It is normal to hear clicking when the Auto Alignment function is on.

Ω using an adapter. After a 5 minute warmup,

During the interval between sweeps, portions of the analyzer’s circuitry are realigned. Some of the circuitry is controlled by relays. It is the rapid switching of these relays between sweeps which causes the clicking sound. Under normal operation, these relays will last over 50 years.

To eliminate the clicking sound, turn off the automatic alignment. (See the

Alignments key description in Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel Key

Reference.”) With

Auto Align turned off, however, the Align Now All

function should be performed periodically. For more information on how often to perform Align Now All when the Auto Alignment function is off, refer to the appropriate “Speciﬁcations and Characteristics” chapter in the Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide.

CAUTION When operating in DC mode (<100 kHz) on spectrum analyzers with

Option UKB, ensure protection of the input mixer by limiting the input level to 0 VDC, +30 dBm.

If you wish to use an external 10 MHz source as the reference frequency, connect an external reference source to the

10 MHz REF IN

connector on the rear panel. The signal level should be greater than –15 dBm.

Chapter 1 1-9

2 Getting Started

2-1

Getting Started

What You Will Find in This Chapter

This chapter introduces the basic functions of the analyzer. In this chapter you will:

• Get acquainted with the front-panel and rear-panel features.

• Get acquainted with the function keys.

• Learn about display annotation.

• Make a basic measurement (using the internal alignment signal).

• Learn about analyzer accuracy and the internal alignment process.

• Learn about ﬁle menus.

• Set up your printer.

• Learn about the analyzer battery for retaining internal memory.

NOTE Before using your analyzer, please read Chapter 1, “Preparing for Use”

which describes how to set up your analyzer and how to verify that it is operational. It also describes many safety considerations that should not be overlooked.

2-2 Chapter2

Front-Panel Features

Figure 2-1 Front-Panel Feature Overview

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

1 Viewing Angle keys allow you to adjust the display so

that it can be optimally viewed from different angles.

2 Esc. The Esc (escape) key cancels any entry in progress.

Esc will abort a print (if one is in progress) and clear

error messages from the status line at the bottom of the display. It also clears input and tracking generator overload conditions.

3 Menu keys are the unlabeled keys next to the screen.

The menu key labels are the annotation on the screen next to the unlabeled keys. Most of the labeled keys on the analyzer front panel (also called front-panel keys) access menus of keys having related functions.

Chapter 2 2-3

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

4 FREQUENCY Channel, SPAN X Scale, and AMPLITUDE Y

Scale are the three large keys that activate the primary

analyzer functions and access menus of related functions.Thesecondary labels on these keys (Channel, X Scale, and Y Scale) are used in some measurements

5 CONTROL functions access menus that allow you to

adjust the resolutionbandwidth,adjustthesweep time, and control the instrument display. They also set other analyzer parameters needed for making measurements.

6 MEASURE accesses a menu of keys that automate some

common analyzer measurements. Once a measurement is running, for deﬁning your measurement.

Restart access additional measurement control

Meas Setup accesses additional menu keys

Meas Control and

functions.

7 SYSTEM functions affect the state of the entire

spectrum analyzer. Various setup and alignment routines are accessed

with the The green

System key.

Preset key resets the analyzer to a known

state. The File key menu allows you to save and load traces,

states, limit-line tables, and amplitude correction factors to or from analyzer memory or the ﬂoppy disk drive. The

Save key immediately executes the Save Now

function deﬁned under File in Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel

Key Reference.”

The Print Setup menu keys allow you to conﬁgure hardcopy outputs. The

Print key immediately sends

hardcopy data to the printer. See Chapter 6 for more details.

8 MARKER functions control the markers, read out

frequencies and amplitudes along the analyzer trace, automatically locate the signals of highest amplitude, and access functions like

9 The Media Door on the right side of the front panel

Marker Noise and Band Power.

accesses the 3.5 inch disk drive and the Earphone connector. The earphone connector provides a connection for an earphone jack which bypasses the internal speaker.

2-4 Chapter2

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

10 The Data Control Keys, which include the step keys,

knob, and numeric keypad, allow you to change the numeric value of an active function.

Data control keys are used to change values for functions such as center frequency, start frequency, resolution bandwidth, and marker position.

The data controls will change the active function in a manner prescribed by that function. For example, you can change center frequency in ﬁne steps with the knob, in discrete steps with the step keys, or to an exact (1 Hz resolution) value with the numeric keypad.

The Knob provides ﬁne incremental changes of functions such as center frequency, reference level, and marker position. Clockwise rotation of the knob increases values. The extent of alteration is determined by the size of the measurement range. The speed at which the knob is turned affects the rate at which the values are changed.

For slow sweeps, the analyzer uses a smooth panning feature which is designed to move the trace display to the latest function value as the knob is turned. When center, stop or, start frequency or reference level is adjusted, the signal will shift right or left or up or down with the rotation of the knob before a new sweep is actually taken. An asterisk is placed in the message block (the upper right-hand corner of the analyzer display) to indicate that the data on the screen does not reﬂect data at the current setting.

The Numeric Keypad allows entry of exact values for many of the analyzer functions. You may include a decimal point in the number portion. If not, the decimal point is placed at the end of the number.

Numeric entries must be terminated with a units key. When a numeric entry is begun, the menu keys show the units key labels. The units keys change depending on what the active function is. For example, the units keys for frequency span are whereas the units for reference level are

mV, and µV.

GHz, MHz, kHz, and Hz,

+dBm, −dBm,

NOTE If an entry from the numeric keypad does not coincide with an allowed

function value (for example, that of a 12 MHz bandwidth), the analyzer defaults to the nearest allowable value.

Chapter 2 2-5

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

The Step Keys (⇓ ⇑) increase or decrease the active function value. The step size depends upon the current analyzer measurement. Each press results in a single step change. For those parameters with ﬁxed values (resolution bandwidth), the next value in a sequence is selected each time a step key is pressed. Changes are predictable (10% of span for center frequency) and can be set for some functions (100 MHz for center frequency). Out-of-range values or out-of-sequence values will not occur using these keys.

11 VOLUME. The VOLUME knob adjusts the volume of the

internal speaker. The speaker is turned on and off with the

Speaker On Off key in the Det/Demod menu.

12 EXT KEYBOARD. The EXT KEYBOARD connector is a

6-pin mini-DIN connector. The keyboard can be used to enter screen titles and ﬁlenames.

NOTE Toavoid damage to the analyzer, always turn off power before plugging

a keyboard into the instrument.

13 PROBE POWER provides power for high-impedance AC

probes or other accessories. (+15 V, −12.6V, 150mA max)

14 LO OUTPUT provides the proper local oscillator signal

for use with external mixers (Option AYZ).

15 IF INPUT The IF INPUT connects to the IF OUTPUT of

the external mixer (Option AYZ).

16 Return. The Return key accesses the previously selected

menu. Continuing to press

Return accesses earlier

menus.

17 AMPTD REF OUT provides an amplitude reference signal

of 50 MHz at –20 dBm. Agilent Technologies E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, and E4408B only.

18 Tab Keys are used to move around in the Limit editor

and the Correction editor.

19 INPUT 50Ω (INPUT 75Ω for Option 1DP) is the signal

input for the analyzer.

CAUTION When operating in DC mode (<100 kHz) on spectrum analyzers with

Option UKB, take care to protect the input mixer by limiting the input level to 0 VDC, +30 dBm.

2-6 Chapter2

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

20 The Next Window key can be used to select the active

window in functions which support split-screen display modes, such as Zone markers. (Refer to “Zone” in

Chapter 6 for more information.) In such modes,

pressing

Zoom allows you to switch between the

split-screen and full-sized display of the active window.

21 Help. Press the Help key and then any front panel or

menu key to get a short description of the key function and the associated SCPI command. The next key you press will remove the help window from the display.

22 RF OUT 50Ω (for Option 1DN) or RF OUT 75Ω

(for Option 1DQ) is the source output for the built-in tracking generator. Option 1DN or 1DQ only

CAUTION If the tracking generator output power is too high, it may damage the

device under test. Do not exceed the maximum power that the device under test can tolerate.

23 The | (On) key turns the analyzer on, while the

(Standby) key turns most of the analyzer off. An

instrument alignment is performed (if

Auto Align is on)

every time the analyzer is turned on. After turning on the analyzer, allow 5 minutes of warmup time to ensure the analyzer will meet all speciﬁcations.

NOTE The instrument continues to draw power even if the line power switch

is in standby. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front-panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch (disconnecting device).

Chapter 2 2-7

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

Figure 2-2 Rear-Panel Feature Overview

1 Power input is the input for the AC line power source.

Make sure that the line-power source outlet has a protective ground contact.

2 DC Power is the input for the DC power source. Refer to

the “Power Requirements” section in the speciﬁcations chapter of the Agilent ESA Spectrum Analyzers Calibration Guide.

CAUTION AC line power and DC power should not be plugged in simultaneously.

3 Line Fuse. The fuse is removed by twisting

counterclockwise 1/4 turn. Replace only with a fuse of the same rating. See the label on the rear panel.

2-8 Chapter2

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

4 Service Connector. The service connector is for

service use only.

5 Inputs/Outputs (Refer to Agilent Technologies ESA

Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide for more

information.)

5a VGA OUTPUT drives an external VGA

compatible monitor with a signal that has 31.5 kHz horizontal, 60 Hz vertical synchronizing rate, non-interlaced.

5b GATE/HI SWP OUT (TTL) is high when

the analyzer is sweeping or when

Gate

(Option 1D6) is active.

5c GATE TRIG/EXT TRIG IN (TTL) accepts the

positive edge of an external voltage input that triggers the analyzer internal sweep source or the gate function (Time Gate, Option 1D6).

Table2-1 and Table 2-2 show the appropriate rear panel slots to be used

for the optional cards available with the Agilent ESA spectrum analyzers. Refer to Table 2-1 if you have an Agilent ESA-L Series spectrum analyzer. Refer to Table 2-2 if you have an Agilent ESA-E Series spectrum analyzer.

(P) = Preferred Card Slot (A) = Acceptable Card Slot (–) = Unacceptable Card Slot

Table 2-1 Agilent ESA-L Series (E4403B, E4408B, E4411B)

Slot # GPIB

(Opt A4H)

1P P – – 2A A – – 5– – P – 6– – – P

1. The Frequency Extension Assembly comes standard with the Agilent E4408B.

Serial (Opt 1AX)

IF and Sweep Ports (Opt A4J)

Frequency Extension

Chapter 2 2-9

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

Table 2-2 Agilent ESA-E Series(E4401B, E4402B, E4404B,

E4405B, E4407B)

Slot # GPIB

1 2AAAAA A–– 3AAP A A A –– 4AAAAP A P– 5––– P A A –P 6––– A A P ––

and Parallel

(Opt A4H)

PP– A – – ––

Serial

and Parallel

(Opt 1AX)

FADC (Opt AYX)

IF and Sweep Ports (Opt A4J)

FM Demod (Opt BAA)

Frequency Exten-

sion

DSP and Fast ADC (B7D)

RF Comm Hardware (B7E)

1. The Frequency Extension Assembly comes standard with the Agilent E4404B, E4405B and E4407B.

2. Some cards may not be installed due to mechanical interference.

6 GPIB and parallel (Option A4H) is an optional

interface. GPIB supports remote instrument operation. A parallel port is included for printing only.

7 RS-232 and parallel (Option 1AX) is an optional

interface. RS-232 supports remote instrument operation. A parallel port is included for printing only.

NOTE Printing is only supported from the parallel port.

NOTE Only one optional interface (Option A4H or Option 1AX) can be

installed at a time.

8 IF, Video, and Sweep Ports (Option A4J or Option

AYX): (Refer to Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide for more information.)

NOTE Only one IF and Sweep Port (Option A4J or Option AYX) can be

installed at a time.

SWP OUT provides a voltage ramp corresponding to the

sweep of the analyzer (0 V to 10 V).

HI SWP IN (TTL) can be grounded to stop and reset the

sweep.

HI SWP OUT (TTL) is high when the analyzer is

sweeping.

2-10 Chapter2

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

AUX VIDEO OUT provides detected video output (before

the analog-to-digital conversion) proportional to vertical deﬂection of the trace. Output is from 0 V to 1 V. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal.

The output signal is blanked during retrace.

AUX IF OUT is a 50 Ω, 21.4 MHz IF output that is the

down-converted signal of the RF input of the analyzer. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal. This output is taken after the resolution bandwidth ﬁlters and step gains and before the log ampliﬁer. The output signal is blanked during retrace.

9 FM Demod (Option BAA) allows you to demodulate,

display, and measure deviation on FM signals. You can listen to audio signals on a built-in speaker or with an earphone. Refer to “Det/Demod” in Chapter 6 and “FM

Demodulation (Option BAA)” in Chapter 7 for more

information about this option.

10 Frequency Extension Assembly controls the

microwave front-end components in the Agilent E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

PRESEL TUNE OUTPUT provides a signal to control

external preselected mixers (Option AYZ). Refer to

“Det/Demod” in Chapter 6 or “FM Demodulation (Option BAA)” in Chapter 7 for more information about

this option.

11 Card Slot Identiﬁcation Numbers. Refer to Table

2-1 and Table 2-2 for card slot versus option card

compatibility information.

12 10 MHz REF IN accepts an external frequency source to

provide the 10 MHz, −15 to +10 dBm as a timebase.

13 10 MHz REF OUT provides a 10 MHz, 0 dBm minimum,

timebase reference signal.

14 Power On Selection selects an instrument power

preference. The

PWR ALWAYS ON setting turns the

analyzer on whenever external power is applied. This mode is useful if an external power switch is used to control a rack of several instruments. The

PWR NORM

setting assigns analyzer on/off control to the front-panel On key (see Figure 2-1 on page 2-3, item

23); however, if the external power is removed for >20 seconds, the instrument returns to the Standby condition of the front-panel On key when external power is reconnected.

Chapter 2 2-11

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

15 DC Fuse protects the analyzer from drawing too much

DC power. Replace only with a fuse of the same rating. See the label on the rear panel.

2-12 Chapter2

Display Annotation

Here is an example of the annotation that may appear on an analyzer display. The display annotation is referenced by numbers which are listed in the following table. The Function Key column indicates which key activates the function related to the annotation. Refer to

Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel Key Reference” for more information on a

speciﬁc function key.

Figure 2-3 Screen Annotation

Getting Started

Display Annotation

Chapter 2 2-13

Getting Started

Display Annotation

Table 2-3 Screen Annotation

Item Description Function Key

1 Detector mode Detector 2 Reference level Ref Level 3 Active function block Refer to the description of the

4 Screen title Change Title 5 Time and date display Time/Date On Off 6 RF attenuation Attenuation Auto Man 7 Marker frequency Marker Count On Off 8 Marker amplitude Marker 9 GPIB annunciators See Table 2-7 on page 2-17 for

activated function.

more information. 10 Data invalid indicator Sweep (Single) or View/Trace 11 Status Informational

messages 12 Key menu title Dependent on key selection. 13 Key menu See key label descriptions in

14 Frequency span or stop

frequency 15 Sweep time/Points Sweep Time Auto Man, Sweep

16 Video bandwidth Video BW Auto Man 17 Frequency offset Freq Offset 18 Display status line Displays instrument status and

19 Resolution bandwidth Resolution BW Auto Man

See Chapter 4 ,

“Troubleshooting.”

Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel Key Reference.”

Span or Stop Freq

Points

error messages. Cleared by pressing Esc key. See Chapter 4 ,

“Troubleshooting.”

20 Center frequencyor start

frequency 21 Auto alignment routine

is on

2-14 Chapter2

Center Freq or Start Freq

Auto Align

See below for more information.

Table 2-3 Screen Annotation

Item Description Function Key

Getting Started

Display Annotation

22 Amplitude corrections

are on (This indicates that the overall correction state is On. There may be any or none of the individual corrections On.)

23 Trigger/Sweep Trig, Sweep

24 Trace mode Trace

25 Average Average On Off

Correction On Off

See below for more information.

VAvg indicates video average on. PAvg indicates power average on.

26 Display line Display Line On Off 27 Amplitude offset Ref Lvl Offst 28 Amplitude scale Scale Type Log Lin

When the analyzer is set to the external mixer state (Option AYZ), item 6 changes to display Ext Mix in place of Atten XdB. In addition, if Mixer Bias is on, a +I or –I is appended to Ext Mix.

Item 10 refers to the data invalid indicator. When the (*) is displayed, it means that some or all trace data may not match the annotation due to possible changes in instrument settings.

Item 21 refers to the auto alignment mode. AA indicates that auto alignment of all analyzer parameters, except the tracking generator and FM demodulation options, will occur. AB indicates that auto alignment of all analyzer functions except the RF section (and tracking generator and FM demodulation options) will occur. No indicator will appear if auto alignment is off.

Item 23 refers to the trigger and sweep modes of the analyzer. The ﬁrst letter F indicates the spectrum analyzer is in free-run trigger mode. The second letter C indicates the spectrum analyzer is in continuous-sweep mode. Refer to Table 2-5 on page 2-17 for other valid annunciators for the ﬁrst letter. Refer to Table 2-6 on page 2-17 for other valid annunciators for the second letter.

Item 24 refers to the trace modes of the analyzer. The ﬁrst letter W indicates that the analyzer is in clear-write mode. The second letter is 1, representing trace 1. The trace 2 trace mode is S2, indicating trace 2 (2) is in the store-blank mode (S). The trace mode annotation for trace 3

Chapter 2 2-15

Getting Started

Display Annotation

is displayed under the trace mode annotation of trace 1. The trace 3 trace mode is S3, indicating trace 3 (3) is in the store blank mode (S). Refer to Table 2-4 for other valid trace mode annunciators.

A # in front of display annotation indicates that the function is uncoupled. (Refer to “Auto Couple” in Chapter 6)

Refer to the following tables for the screen annotation codes for trace, trigger, and sweep modes.

2-16 Chapter2

Display Annotation

Table 2-4 Screen Annotation for Trace Mode

Getting Started

Screen

Annotation

W Clear Write M Maximum Hold

V View S Store Blank

m Minimum Hold

Description

Table 2-5 Screen Annotation for Trigger Mode

Screen

Annotation

F Free Run L Line V Video E External

Description

Table 2-6 Screen Annotation for Sweep Mode

Screen

Annotation

C Continuous S Single Sweep

Description

Table 2-7 Screen Annotation for GPIB Annunciators

Screen

Annotation

R Remote Operation L GPIB Listen T GPIB Talk S GPIB SRQ

Description

Chapter 2 2-17

Getting Started

Key Overview

The keys labeled FREQUENCY Channel, System, and Marker are all examples of front-panel keys. Pressing most front-panel keys accesses menus of functions that are displayed along the right side of the display. These are called menu keys.

Front-panel keys that are white perform an immediate action rather than bringing up a menu.

Menu keys list functions other than those accessed directly by the front panel keys. To activate a menu key function, press the key immediately to the right of the annotation on the screen. The menu keys that are displayed depend on which front-panel key is pressed and which menu level is enabled.

If a menu key function’s value can be changed, it is called an active function. The function label of the active function is highlighted after that key has been selected. Forexample, press calls up the menu of related amplitude functions. Note the function labeled highlighted.

Ref Level (the default selected key in the Amplitude menu) is

Ref Level also appears in the active function block,

indicating that it is the active amplitude function and can now be changed using any of the data entry controls.

AMPLITUDE Y Scale. This

A menu key with On and Off in its label can be used to turn the menu key’s function on or off. To turn the function on, press the menu key so that On is underlined. To turn the function off, press the menu key so that Off is underlined. In the manual, when On should be underlined, it will be indicated as

Function (On).

A function with Auto and Man in the label can either be auto-coupled or have its value manually changed. The value of the function can be changed manually using the numeric keypad, knob, or step keys. To auto-couple a function, press the menu key so that Auto is underlined. In the manual, when

Function (Auto).

Auto should be underlined, it will be indicated as

In some menus of keys, one key label will alwaysbehighlighted to show which key has been selected. For example, when you press Det/Demod,

Demod, you will access a menu of keys in which some of the keys are

grouped together by a blue bar (on analyzers with a color display) on the left side of the menu. The

Off key, which is the Det/Demod, Demod

menu default key, will be highlighted. When you press another key within the blue bar region, such as

AM, the highlight will move to that

key to show it has been selected.

2-18 Chapter2

Getting Started

Key Overview

In some menus of keys, one key label will alwaysbehighlighted to show which key has been selected but the menu is immediately exited when a selection is made. For example, when you press the

Print Setup menu key), it will bring up its own menu of keys. The Portrait

Orientation key (a

key, which is the Orientation menu default key, will be highlighted. When you press the

Landscape key, the highlight will move to that key

to show it has been selected. A summary of all front panel keys and their related menu keys can be

found in Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel Key Reference.”

Chapter 2 2-19

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

Let’s begin using the analyzer by measuring an input signal. Since the internal 50 MHz amplitude reference signal is readily available, we will use it as our test signal.

NOTE You cannot hurt the analyzer by using this reference signal and

pressing any of the keys described in this section. Don’t be afraid to play with the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. (If you have experimented with other keys and wish to return to a known state, press the green Preset key and, if present, the Factory Preset menu key.)

1. First, turn the instrument on by pressing

On. Wait for the power-up

process to complete.

2. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory).

3. Press the green pressing from the

NOTE For the Agilent E4401B and E4411B, the above key label is Amptd Ref

(f=50 MHz), and no cable is required.

Input, Amptd Ref Out (f=50 MHz) (On) and connecting a cable AMPTD REF OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω.

Preset key. Turn on the internal 50 MHz signal by

4. Set the frequency. Press the

FREQUENCY Channel key. Center appears on the left side

of the screen, indicating that the center-frequency function is active. The

Center Freq menu key label is highlighted to indicate that center

frequency is the active function. The active function block is the space on the screen within the graticule where the active function messages appear. Active function values can be changed using the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. Set the center frequency to 50 MHz with the DATA keys by pressing

50 MHz. The knob and step

keys can also be used to set the center frequency.

CAUTION When operating in DC mode (<100 kHz) on spectrum analyzers with

Option UKB, take care to protect the input mixer by limiting the input level to 0 VDC and +30 dBm.

5. Set the span. Press

block, and the

SPAN X Scale. Span is now displayed in the active function

Span menu key label is highlighted to indicate it is the

active function. Reduce the span to 20 MHz by using the knob, pressing the down key (⇓), or pressing

2-20 Chapter2

20 MHz.

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

6. Set the amplitude. When the peak of a signal does not appear on the screen, it may be

necessary to adjust the amplitude level on the screen. Press

AMPLITUDE Y Scale. Ref Level 0.0 dBm appears in the active

function block (48.75 dBmV with Option 1DP). The

Ref Level menu

key label is highlighted to indicate that reference level is the active function. The reference level is the top graticule line on the display and is set to 0.0 dBm (48.75 dBmV with Option 1DP). Changing the value of the reference level changes the amplitude level of the top graticule line.

If desired, use the reference level function to place the signal peak at the top of the screen using the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad.

Figure 2-4 demonstrates the relationship between center frequency

and reference level. The box in the ﬁgure represents the analyzer display. Changing the center frequency changes the horizontal placement of the signal on the display. Changing the reference level changes the vertical placement of the signal on the display. Increasing the span increases the frequency range that appears horizontally on the display.

NOTE Analyzers with Option 1DP default to display amplitude values in

dBmV when in a log scale mode.

NOTE For E4402B, E4404B, and E4405B analyzers with Option UKB,

frequencies below 1 kHz can be measured by setting the input to DC coupled mode. (Input, Coupling (DC))

Figure 2-4 Relationship between Frequency and Amplitude

Chapter 2 2-21

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

7. Set the marker. Marker functions measure the frequency and amplitude of a signal.

You can place a diamond-shaped marker on the signal peak to ﬁnd the signal’s frequency and amplitude.

To activate a marker, press the Marker key (located in the MARKER section of the front panel). The Normal label is highlighted to show that the marker is the active function. Turn the knob to place the marker at the signal peak. You can also use the

Peak Search key,

which automatically places a marker at the highest point on the trace.

Readouts of marker frequency and amplitude appear in the active function block and in the upper right corner of the display. Look at the marker readout to determine the amplitude of the signal.

If another function is activated, the marker frequency and amplitude can still be identiﬁed by looking at the marker readout in the upper right corner of the display.

Measurement Summary

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory). Press the green

Preset key. Turn on the internal 50 MHz signal by pressing Input, Amptd Ref Out (f=50 MHz) (On), and connecting a cable from the AMPTD REF OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω.

NOTE For the Agilent E4401B and E4411B, the above key label is Amptd Ref

(f=50 MHz), and no cable is required.

2. Set the center frequency by pressing the following keys:

5,0, MHz.

3. Set the span by pressing the following keys:

Span, 2,0, MHz.

4. The amplitude reference signal is about −27 dBm (25 dBmV for Option 1DP) for the Agilent E4411B and E4401B. The amplitude reference signal is about – 20 dBm for the Agilent E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B. If desired, adjust the reference level: press

AMPLITUDE Y Scale to activate the reference

level, and use the knob or step keys to change the reference level and bring the signal to the top of the screen.

5. Determine the amplitude and frequency of the signal. Youcan either press

Peak Search or press Marker and move the marker to the signal

peak. Read the amplitude and frequency. The display should look like the one in Figure 2-5. Frequency is displayed horizontally, and amplitude (power) is displayed vertically.

Frequency,

2-22 Chapter2

Figure 2-5 Reading the Amplitude and Frequency

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

Chapter 2 2-23

Getting Started

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process

Data from the internal alignment routine is necessary for spectrum analyzer operation. The internal alignment routine runs continuously to ensure that the analyzer is using current alignment data that improves the analyzer frequency and amplitude accuracy. Press the

System, Alignments keys to view the alignment menus. For more

detailed information on the alignment keys, refer to “Alignments” in

Chapter 6.

Warmup Time

In order for the analyzer to meet its speciﬁcations, allow it to warm up for 5 minutes after being turned on before attempting to make any calibrated measurements. If the analyzer is an Agilent E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, or E4408B, connect a BNC cable between AMPTD REF OUT and INPUT 50 5 minute warmup, press

Off is selected, refer to the analyzer speciﬁcations for the conditions

required to maintain calibration.

System, Alignments, Align Now, All.IfAuto Align

Ω using an adapter. After a

2-24 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

This section describes how to use the functions located under the front-panel that of personal computers (PCs). Like PCs, these analyzers include an internal storage drive and a ﬂoppy disk drive, both of which have directory and sub-directory capability.

NOTE The descriptions in this section assume the analyzer has ﬁrmware

revision A.04.00 or later. The ﬁle menu functions in earlier ﬁrmware are different. If you would like to upgrade your analyzer to the latest ﬁrmware revision, please visit the following web site:

You will learn how to do all of the following:

• locate and view ﬁles in the catalog

• create a directory

• format a ﬂoppy disk

• save a ﬁle

• load a ﬁle

• rename a ﬁle

• copy a ﬁle

• delete a ﬁle

File key. Data storage and retrieval are handled similarly to

http://www.agilent.com/find/esa

NOTE The display examples in this section are made using the

Agilent E4407B, you may see some variations depending upon your analyzer.

Chapter 2 2-25

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Locate and view ﬁles in the catalog

Techniques for locating ﬁles and directories are consistent throughout the various ﬁle menu functions. Although this section provides speciﬁc information about navigation in the catalog, you may wish to refer back to this section when performing other operations of the ﬁle menu.

Press

File, Catalog to bring up a screen display as shown in Figure 2-6.

Figure 2-6 Catalog Menu

1. The entry ﬁelds show the parameters for the ﬁles viewed. Entry ﬁelds that are being modiﬁed or are modiﬁable are indicated by highlighting (inverse video). Each ﬁle menu function has its own unique set of entry ﬁelds pertaining to that function. Below are the ﬁelds listed under the catalog key:

a. Name: ﬁeld states the ﬁlename. b. Show Type: ﬁeld displays the type of ﬁles viewed. c. Path: ﬁeld displays the drive and directory location of the ﬁles.

2. The directory information box displays the drives,directories,and/or ﬁles currently described in the entry ﬁelds. Highlighting a row of information selects that location and updates the entry ﬁelds. There are four column headings in this area of the display. They are described as follows:

a. Name: column states the drive ([-A-] or [-C-]) if at the top level

on the drive, directory name, or ﬁlename.

b. Type: column displays the extension of the ﬁlename, for example,

2-26 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

.SET, .STA, .TRC. Directories are displayed as DIR and drives have nothing listed under Type:. They are only designated by the

Name: column ([-A-] or [-C-]). c. Size: column displays the size of the ﬁle in bytes. d. Modified: column displays the date and time the last change

occurred.

3. The softkey menu has four options:

Type: allows you to choose the type of ﬁle you wish to view. (You

may view all types by using the

All key under Type.)

b. Sort: Under the Sort key, you can sort by any of the four columns

and you can choose up (ascending) or down (descending). c. Dir Up: moves you up one directory level. If you are already at the

top level, this key moves you up to the drive level, displaying the

available disk drives. d.

Dir Select: moves you down into the highlighted directory or up

into the next level (directory or drive) if the “. .” under the Name:

column is highlighted.

NOTE Navigation keys: Use the front-panel Step Keys or Knob and the Dir Up

or Dir Select keys to move around in the directory information box.

4. The drive space line shows the number of bytes used on the drive and the number of bytes still free on the drive.

Chapter 2 2-27

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Creating a directory

Directories and sub-directories can be created on both the A: ﬂoppy disc and the internal C: drive. This allows maximum ﬂexibility in organizing ﬁles. For this example, we will create a directory on the C: drive.

1. Press

File, More 1 of 2, Create Dir. Your screen should look similar to

Figure 2-6, except the entry ﬁelds will be Dir Name: and Path: and

the Heading will read: Directories.

2. Navigate through the ﬁle system until the Path: ﬁeld displays C:\. (Use the Step Keys, Knob, Dir Up, and/or Dir Select keys.)

3. Press (The numeric keypad is also available for the ﬁlename.) Press

Name and enter the name, “START” using the Alpha Editor.

Enter

(hardkey) when the Dir Name: ﬁeld contains this directory title. (Use the

4. Press

Bk Sp hardkey on the front panel to make corrections.)

Create Dir Now to execute the operation. The message:

Creating Directory appears on the screen. Then the status bar displays: Directory C:\START created.

5. To make a sub-directory, scroll down to the START directory you just created and press

Dir Select. The Path: ﬁeld should now read:

C:\START\. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 above, using a new name. The status bar now should read: Directory C:\START\new name created.

2-28 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Format a Floppy Disk

You can format a ﬂoppy disk in the analyzer. The format is MS-DOS1. Note that it is not necessary to format your ﬂoppy disk with the analyzer; preformatted disks can be used with the analyzer.

1. Place the disk you wish to format into the ﬂoppy drive (A:\) of the analyzer.

NOTE Only 1.44-MB ﬂoppy disks are supported by the analyzer. 720-KB

ﬂoppy disks will not work reliably.

2. Access the

Format key by pressing File, More 1 of 2, and then Format.

The directory information box is active (highlighted), however, only the ﬂoppy disk volume [-A-] is shown on the display.

NOTE The directory information box displays all ﬁles present on the ﬂoppy

disk inserted in drive (A:\). If the disk you are attempting to format has no pre-existing formatting, or is not inserted in drive (A:\), the error message: bad, missing , or unformatted disk is displayed in the status line.

3. Press

Format Now. The following message appears in the display

window: WARNING: You are about to destroy ALL data on Volume A:. Press Format Now again to proceed or any other key to abort.

CAUTION To abort disk format, press any key but Format Now. When a disk is

formatted, all data on the disk is destroyed.

1. MS-DOS‚ is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Chapter 2 2-29

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

4. Press Format Now a second time to format the disk. See Figure 2-7.

Figure 2-7 Format Menu

You will see the message: Formatting Disk in the display window. Pressing any other key after receiving the warning in step 3 on

page 2-29, will abort the formatting process.

5. When formatting is complete, a message, Volume A: formatted appears on the status line. The format process takes approximately three minutes.

2-30 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Save a File

You can save ﬁles (setups, states, traces, limits, corrections, or screens) to a ﬂoppy disk (A:\), or the internal drive (C:\). In this example you will save a trace to the internal C: drive.

Step 1. Set up the analyzer trace

1. Turn on the 50 MHz amplitude reference signal of the analyzer. For the Agilent E4401B and E4411B, use the 50 MHz amplitude

reference signal of the analyzer as the signal being measured. Press

Preset, Factory Preset (if present), Input/Output, Amptd Ref (On).

For all other models, connect a cable between the front-panel

AMPTD REF OUT to the analyzer INPUT, then press Preset, Factory Preset (if present), Input/Output, Amptd Ref Out (On).

2. Set the center frequency to 50 MHz and the span to 75 MHz: press

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz, SPAN, 75 MHz.

The reference signal appears on the display.

3. View trace 1 and put it into maximum hold by pressing

Max Hold. (Trace 1 should already by underlined, but if not, press Trace 1 2 3 until 1 is underlined. and then press Max Hold.) Your

analyzer display should look similar to Figure 2-8.

Figure 2-8 Viewing Trace 1

View/Trace,

Chapter 2 2-31

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

4. Activate trace 2 and put it into minimum hold by pressing Trace (2),

Min Hold. Your analyzer display should look similar to Figure 2-9.

Figure 2-9 Viewing Traces 1 and 2

5. Activate trace 3 by pressing display should look similar to Figure 2-10.

Figure 2-10 Viewing Traces 1, 2, and 3

Trace (3), Clear Write. Your analyzer

2-32 Chapter2

Step 2. Save the ﬁle

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

1. To access the

Save menu, press, File,Save.

2. Select the type of ﬁle you want to save. In this example you are saving a trace; press Type, Trace.

3. Select the trace you wish to save (1, 2, 3, or all traces). In this example you will save trace 3; press Source (softkey), Trace 3.

4. Select the format for which you wish to save the trace: trace plus state (Trace + State) or comma separated value (CSV). In this example you will save as trace plus state; press

5. Enter a ﬁlename by pressing

Name. The Alpha Editor appears. For

Format, Trace + State.

this example you will name the ﬁle, “TEST1”. (The numeric keypad is also available for the ﬁlename.) Note that the ﬁle extension is always set by the system and for this ﬁle type the extension is TRC. You must now press the

Enter (hardkey) to get back to the Save

menu.

6. The destination for the saved ﬁle is shown in the Path: ﬁeld. In this example, you will select the path as C:\START\.

NOTE If the correct location is not listed in the Path: ﬁeld, change directories

by pressing directory you wish. Pressing

Dir Up (softkey) or using the step keys or knob, highlight the

Dir Select then conﬁrms your choice which

is displayed in the Path: ﬁeld.

7. Press

Save Now or Save (hardkey) to save the ﬁle to the C:\Start\

location. The message Saving Now is displayed during this operation. For this example, the status line displays: C:\START\TEST1.TRC file saved.

NOTE When saving to drive (A:), never remove the ﬂoppy disk during the save

operation. To do so could corrupt all data on the ﬂoppy disk.

Chapter 2 2-33

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

NOTE You need to use a ﬁlename that does not already exist in the current

directory. The ﬁlename is limited to eight characters, alpha (A-Z) or numberic (0-9) in any combination. The analyzer will not allow you to overwrite an existing ﬁle. If you select a ﬁlename that already exists, the status bar will display the message: File already exists. If you do not choose a ﬁlename, the analyzer will automatically generate a name based on the type of ﬁle you are saving (Setup: SETUP, State: STATE, Trace: TRACE, Limits: LIMIT, Corrections:COREC,Screen:SCREN). It also generates a three digit integer (starting at 000 and extending through 999, remembering the previously saved value through a power cycle) which it adds to the name, for example: TRACE056.TRC. Also note that this three digit integer increments upon each attempted save until a unique ﬁlename is created, without regard to the success of the save.

2-34 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Load a ﬁle

1. Reset the analyzer by pressing Preset, Factory Preset (if present).

2. To access the

Load menu, press File, Load.

3. Select the type of ﬁle you want to load (setup, state, trace, limits, or corrections). In this example you are loading a trace ﬁle; press Type,

Trace.

NOTE Not all ﬁle types can be loaded back into the analyzer. For example,

Screen ﬁles and CSV (comma separated value) cannot be loaded. CSV and Screen ﬁles are designed for use with a PC.

4. Select the directory where your ﬁle is located. In this example, select the C:\START\ directory. (Use the front-panel step keys, knob,

Dir Up,

and/or Dir Select keys to locate the directory.)

5. Select the ﬁle you want to load into the analyzer by moving the cursor with the front-panel knob to highlight the ﬁle name. In this example the ﬁle is TEST1.TRC. Select the trace into which you wish to load the ﬁle. In this example, load it into Trace 2. (

Trace 2).

6. Press

Load Now to load the speciﬁed ﬁle. Your display should look

Destination,

similar to Figure 2-11. The status bar reads: C:\START\TEST1.TRC file loaded.

Figure 2-11 File Loaded

Chapter 2 2-35

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

NOTE You should notice that the trace you saved, in this example trace 3, is

loaded to trace 2. If you wish to verify this condition, remove the signal input. For Agilent E4401B and E4411B, press

On Off (Off), for all other models, press Input/Output, Amptd Ref Out On Off (Off).

Input/Output, Amptd Ref

Note that when a trace is loaded, it is placed in view mode. To see that trace 2 is in view mode, blank traces 1 and 3 by pressing View/Trace,

Trace 1 , Blank, Trace 3, Blank. Then press Trace 2. Notice that trace 2 is

the only trace displayed in view mode (the view key is selected, and the trace is not sweeping). Your display should look similar to Figure 2-12.

Figure 2-12 Verifying Trace 1

CAUTION When operating in DC mode (<100 kHz) on spectrum analyzers with

Option UKB, take care to protect the input mixer by limiting the input level to O VDC and +30 dBm.

NOTE When loading Limits ﬁles, be sure you have selected the appropriate X

Axis Units: frequency or time (Display, Limits, Properties, X Axis Units). If you are in time X-Axis Units, and you load frequency limits, all current limit line data will be erased and the analyzer will switch to the frequency domain. The reverse of the this situation also holds true.

2-36 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Rename a File

1. To access the Rename menu, press File, Rename.

2. Select the type of ﬁle you want to rename (setup, state, trace, limits, screens, or corrections). In this example you are renaming a trace ﬁle; press

3. Select the drive and directory where your ﬁle is located. In this example, choose drive C:\START.

4. Select the ﬁle you want to rename. In this example, choose the ﬁle TEST1.TRC.

Type, Trace.

5. Press

Name to open the Alpha Editor menu. For this example,

rename the ﬁle to RENAME using the Alpha Editor softkeys. (The Name: ﬁeld is limited to eight characters.) Your display should look

similar to Figure 2-13.

6. Press

Enter, Rename Now:yourﬁleisnowrenamedandvisiblewithin

the directory displayed on your analyzer. The status line displaysthe message: C:\START\TEST1.TRC file renamed to C:\START\RENAME.TRC.

Figure 2-13 Renaming a File

Chapter 2 2-37

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Copy a File

1. To access the Copy menu, press File, Copy. This menu function brings up 2 directory boxes as described by the From: and To: ﬁelds located directly above the boxes. Refer to Figure 2-14.

Figure 2-14 Copy Menu

2. Put a formatted ﬂoppy in the A: drive.

3. Select the type of ﬁle you want to copy (setup, state, trace, limits, screens, or corrections). In this example you are copying a trace ﬁle from the C: drive to the A: drive; press,

4. Press

Dir (in the key menu) to underline From:. Notice the From:

Type, Trace.

ﬁeld (just above the top directory box) highlights the location from which you will be copying. Using the navigation keys (

select, step keys, or front panel knob), locate the C:\START\

Dir Up, Direct

directory.

5. Scroll to highlight the ﬁle displayed in the directory box from which you wish to copy. In this example, you will need to highlight the ﬁle RENAME.

6. Press

Dir (in the key menu) to underline To:. The To: ﬁeld (just

above the bottom directory box) is highlighting the location to which you will be copying. Using the navigation keys as described above, highlight the A:\ drive.

NOTE When pressing Dir (To), the ﬁle chosen in the From: location is no longer

highlighted, however the Name: ﬁeld above the From directory box displays the chosen ﬁle; in this example: RENAME.TRC

2-38 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

NOTE Highlighting a ﬁlename in the To: directory box has no signiﬁcance.

The ﬁle cannot be placed inside another ﬁle.

7. Press

Copy Now to execute the operation. The message: Copying

file is displayed during the copying process. Upon completion, the

status bar reads: C:\START\RENAME.TRC file copied. You have now copied the ﬁle RENAME from the C: drive to the A: drive.

Chapter 2 2-39

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Delete a File

1. To access the Delete menu, press File, Delete.

2. Select the type of ﬁle you want to delete (setup, state, trace, limits, screens, or corrections). In this example, you are deleting a trace ﬁle; press

Type, Trace.

3. Select the drive and directory where the ﬁle you wish to delete is located. In this example, choose C:\START\. Use the navigation keys (

Dir Up, Dir Select, step keys, front panel knob) to highlight this

location in the Path: ﬁeld. (Refer to “Locate and view ﬁles in the

catalog” on page 2-26 for more instructions.)

4. Select the ﬁle you want to delete. In this example, choose the ﬁle RENAME.TRC. Move the cursor with the navigation keys to highlight the ﬁle name.

5. Press

Delete Now. The message: Deleting file pops up on the

display during the operation. Upon completion, the status bar reads: C:\START\RENAME.TRC file deleted. Your ﬁle is now deleted and is no longer visible in the directory displayed on your analyzer.

2-40 Chapter2

Getting Started

Printer Setup and Operation

Equipment

• Agilent ESA Spectrum Analyzer equipped with Options A4H (GPIB and Parallel Interface) or 1AX (RS-232 and Parallel Interface)

• IEEE 1284 compliant printer cable (such as HP/Agilent C2950A)

• Supported printer equipped with a parallel interface. (A supported printer is one that accepts Printer Control Language (PCL) Level 3 or 5.)

— PCL3 printers include most Hewlwtt-Packard (HP) DeskJet

printers.

— PCL5 printers include most HP LaserJet printers (LaserJet III

and after) and the HP 1100C, 1200C, 1600C, and 2000C DeskJet printers.(EarlyHPLaserJetprinters, such as the HP LaserJet II, are not PCL5 compatible.)

Interconnection and Setup

1. Turn off the printer and the analyzer.

2. Connect the printer to the analyzer parallel I/O interface connector using an IEEE 1284 compliant parallel printer cable.

3. If appropriate, conﬁgure your printer using conﬁguration menus or switches. Refer to your printer’s documentation for more speciﬁc information on conﬁguring your printer.

4. Turn on the analyzer and printer.

5. Press menu key. Printer Type accesses the following keys:

None None disables the analyzer from attempting to print

Custom Custom allows you to access the Deﬁne Custom menu

Auto Auto enables the analyzer to automatically attempt

Print Setup on the front panel and then press the Printer Type

to a printer. This is the appropriate setting if no printer is connected to the analyzer.

keys. The

Deﬁne Custom menu keys allow you to

specify printer characteristics such as PCL Level and printer color capability.

to identify the connected printer when the is pressed or when

Printer Type is set to Auto.

Print key

Chapter 2 2-41

Getting Started

Printer Setup and Operation

6. Press Printer Type to access the Printer Type menu keys. Press Auto to make the analyzer attempt to identify the connected printer. When you press

Auto, the analyzer will respond in one of the three

following ways:

• The

Print Setup menu will be displayed with the Auto key selected

and no new message will be displayed in the display status line. This indicates that the analyzer has successfully identiﬁed the connected printer and no further setup is required. As long as

Auto remains selected in the Printer Type menu, the analyzer will

attempt to identify the printer when the front panel

Print key is

pressed. The selected printer will be displayed by pressing

System, More 1 of 3, Show System.

• The

Print Setup menu will be displayed with the Custom key

selected and one of the following diagnostic messages will be displayed in the display status line:

Unknown printer, Define Custom to set up printer No printer response, Define Custom to set up printer Invalid printer response, Define Custom to set up

printer

This indicates that the analyzer was unable to automatically identify the connected printer, and Custom has been selected in the

Printer Type menu. Press Print Setup, Deﬁne Custom to select

speciﬁc printer characteristics such as the printer language (PCL3 or PCL5) and color printing capability. Once you have set these characteristics to match those of your connected printer, the printer setup process is complete. As long as selected in the

Printer Type menu, the analyzer will not attempt to

Custom remains

automatically identify the connected printer when the front panel

Print key is pressed.

• The

Print Setup menu will be displayed with the None key selected

and the following message will appear in the display status line:

Unsupported printer, Printer Type set to None

This indicates that the analyzer has successfully identiﬁed the connected printer, but the printer is not supported by the analyzer. As long as

None is selected in the Printer Type menu, the

analyzer will respond to any print command by displaying the message Printer Type is None in the display status line.

2-42 Chapter2

Getting Started

Printer Setup and Operation

Testing Printer Operation

When you have completed the analyzer’s printer setup, press Print

Setup, Print (Screen) and then press Print on the front panel. If the

printer is ready and the printer setup was successful, a printout of the analyzer display will be printed. If the printer is not ready, the message

Printer Timeout will appear on the analyzer display. Printer Timeout will remain on the display until the printer is ready or until

you press

ESC to cancel the printout request.

Chapter 2 2-43

Getting Started

Analyzer Battery Information

The analyzer uses a lithium battery to enable the internal memory to retain data. The date when the battery was installed is on a label on the rear panel of the analyzer. See Figure 2-15.

The minimum life expectancy of the battery is 7 years at 25 ˚C, or 1 year at 55 ˚C. If you experience problems with the battery or the recommended time period for battery replacement has elapsed, see

“How to Return Your Analyzer for Service” in Chapter 4.

If you wish to replace the battery yourself, you can purchase the service documentation that provides all necessary test and maintenance information.

You can order the service documentation for an Agilent ESA spectrum analyzer through your Agilent Sales and Service ofﬁce. The documentation is described under “Service Documentation and

Adjustment Software (Option 0BW)” in Chapter 7 of this manual.

After replacing the analyzer battery, write the date of battery replacement on the rear-panel label.

Figure 2-15 Rear-Panel Battery Information Label

2-44 Chapter2

3 Functional Testing

3-1

Functional Testing

What You Will Find in This Chapter

This chapter describes the functional tests and provides information on how to perform them.

What Are the Functional Tests?

Functional tests are tests of various instrument parameters that give a high degree of conﬁdence that the instrument is operating correctly. They are recommended as a check of instrument operation for incoming inspection or after a repair. Measurement uncertainty analysis is not available for functional tests, and the instrument is checked against limits that are wider than the published speciﬁcations. The functional tests are designed to test an instrument operating within the temperature range deﬁned by the instrument speciﬁcations using a minimum set of test equipment. If a test does not pass, performance tests must be run to conﬁrm a problem exists.

Functional Test Versus Performance Veriﬁcation

Performance veriﬁcation tests check a wide range of instrument parameters and provide the highest level of conﬁdence that the instrument is operating satisfactorily. They are used to verify that the instrument conforms to published speciﬁcations. They are time consuming and require extensive test equipment. The functional tests check a much smaller range of parameters and a limited number of data points for each parameter. They require only limited test equipment.

3-2 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Test Descriptions

Each of the following test descriptions include the test limits (pass/fail criteria), a description of what the test does or what it measures, a list of equipment required for the performance of the test, an illustration of the test setup used, and a step by step test procedure. The tests are designed to be run on an instrument operating within the operational temperature range deﬁned by the instrument speciﬁcations. Only perform tests after the speciﬁed warmup time.

The tests included in this chapter are as follows:

Displayed Average Noise Level page 3-4 Frequency Readout Accuracy page 3-23 Marker Count Accuracy page 3-26 Frequency Response page 3-27 Reference Level Accuracy page 3-32 Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty page 3-37 Scale Fidelity page 3-40 Second Harmonic Spurious Responses page 3-44 Tracking Generator Level Flatness

(E4401B and E4411B) Tracking Generator Level Flatness

(E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B)

page 3-47

page 3-50

Chapter 3 3-3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Test Limits

Frequency Range Model (50 Ω Inputs) Maximum

(50 Ω Inputs)

10 MHz to 500 MHz E4401B, E4411B – 119 dBm 1 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz – 117 dBm 2

1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz – 113 dBm 3 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz E4402B, E4403B – 117 dBm 4

E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1.01 GHz to 2.0 GHz E4402B, E4403B – 116 dBm 6 E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B

2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz E4402B, E4403B – 114 dBm 8 E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B

3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz E4404B – 110 dBm 11

– 116 dBm 5

– 115 dBm 7

– 112 dBm 9

– 112 dBm 10

TR Entry

6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz E4405B, E4407B, E4408B – 110 dBm 12

12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz E4405B – 107 dBm 13

12.01 GHz to 22 GHz E4407B, E4408B – 107 dBm 14

22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz E4407B, E4408B – 101 dBm 15

Frequency Range Model (75 Ω Inputs) Maximum

(75 Ω Inputs)

10 MHz to 500 MHz E4401B, E4411B – 65 dBmV 16 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz – 60 dBmV 17

1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz – 53 dBmV 18

3-4 Chapter3

TR Entry

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Test Description

The Displayed Average Noise Level is measured within the frequency range speciﬁed. The analyzer input is terminated into either 50 Ω or 75 Ω, depending on analyzer options.

The test tunes the analyzer frequency across the band, uses the marker to locate the frequency with the highest response, and then reads the average noise in zero span.

Required Equipment

Adapters Recommended

HP/Agilent Model

Termination, 50 Ω Type-N(m) 908A

Additional Equipment for 75 Ω Input

Termination, 75 Ω Type-N(m) 909E Adapter, Type-N(f), to BNC (m), 75 Ω 1250-1534

Figure 3-1

Chapter 3 3-5

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (10 MHz to 500 MHz) E4401B and E4411B

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-1.

2. Press

System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the

analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 10 MHz Stop Freq, 500 MHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm (50 Ω Input only) AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBmV, Ref Level, –21.24 dBmV

(75 Ω Input only)

BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

3. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps, then stop).

4. Press Peak Search. Record the measured frequency in the Measured Frequency column (a) in Table 3-1 on page 3-22 for 10 MHz to 500 MHz.

5. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

6. Press Center Freq, and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (a) of Table

3-1 for 10 MHz to 500 MHz.

3-6 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

8. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

9. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 1 (TR Entry 16 for a 75 Ω Input) in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum for the appropriate input impedance.

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) E4401B and E4411B

1. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 501 MHz Stop Freq, 1.0 GHz BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps, then stop).

3. Press Peak Search, and record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (b) in Table 3-1 for 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz.

Chapter 3 3-7

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (b) in Table

3-1 for 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 2 (TR Entry 17 for a 75 Ω Input) in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum for the appropriate input impedance.

3-8 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) E4401B and E4411B

1. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 1.0 GHz Stop Freq, 1.5 GHz BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps, then stop).

3. Press Peak Search,and record the marker frequency in the Measured Frequency column (c) in Table 3-1 for 1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (c) in Table

3-1 for 1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

Chapter 3 3-9

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 3 (TR Entry 18 for a 75 Ω Input) in Table 3-1. The average noise level should be less than the Maximum for the appropriate input impedance.

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 10 MHz Stop Freq, 1.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take three sweeps, then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (d) in Table 3-1 for 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

3-10 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (d) in Table

3-1 for 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. If the analyzer is an E4402B or an E4403B, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 4 in Table 3-1. Otherwise, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 5 in Table 3-1. The average noise level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 1.01 GHz Stop Freq, 2 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (e) in Table 3-1 for 1.01 GHz to 2 GHz.

Chapter 3 3-11

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (e) in Table

3-1 for 1.01 GHz to 2 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. If the analyzer is an E4402B or an E4403B, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 6 in Table 3-1. Otherwise, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 7 in Table 3-1.The average noise level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 2.01 GHz Stop Freq, 3.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

3-12 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (f) in Table 3-1 for 2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequecny recorded in the Measured Frequency column (f) in Table

3-1 for 2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. If the analyzer is an E4402B or an E4403B, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 8 in Table 3-1. Otherwise, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 9 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the maximum.

Chapter 3 3-13

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 3.01 GHz Stop Freq, 6.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (g) in Table 3-1 for 3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (g) in Table

3-1 for 3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

3-14 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 10 in Table

3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) E4404B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 6.01 GHz Stop Freq, 6.7 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (h) in Table 3-1 for 6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (h) in Table

3-1 for 6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz.

Chapter 3 3-15

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 11 in Table

3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 6.01 GHz Stop Freq, 12.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (i) in Table 3-1 for 6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz.

3-16 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (i) in Table

3-1 for 6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 12 in Table

3-1. The average noise level should be less than the Maximum.

Chapter 3 3-17

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) E4405B

1. Press Preset System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset, on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 12.01 GHz Stop Freq, 13.2 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (j) in Table 3-1 for 12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (j) in Table

3-1 for 12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

3-18 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 13 in Table

3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) E4407B and E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 12.01 GHz Stop Freq, 22 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until A VG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (k) in Table 3-1 for 12.01 GHz to 22 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

Chapter 3 3-19

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (k) in Table

3-1 for 12.01 GHz to 22 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 14 in Table

3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) E4407B and E4408B

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 22.01 GHz Stop Freq, 26.5 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm Attenuation (Man), 0 dB BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 3, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 3 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 3 sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Peak Search. Record the frequency in the Measured Frequency column (l) in Table 3-1 for 22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz.

3-20 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency recorded in the Measured Frequency column (l) in Table

3-1 for 22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 15 in Table

3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Chapter 3 3-21

Table 3-1

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

50 Ω Input

Maximum

75 Ω Input

Model Number Frequency Range

E4401B, E4411B 10 MHz to 500 MHz (a) _________ (1) or (16) _____ –119 dBm –65 dBmV

501 MHz to 1.0 GHz (b) ________ (2) or (17) _____ –117 dBm –60 dBmV

1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz (c) _________ (3) or (18) ____ –113 dBm –53 dBmV E4402B, E4403B 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz (d) _________ (4) ___________ –117 dBm N/A E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B E4402B, E4403B 1.01 GHz to 2.0 GHz (e) _________ (6) ___________ –116 dBm N/A E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B E4402B, E4403B 2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz (f) _________ (8) ___________ –114 dBm N/A E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B E4404B 6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz (h) _________ (11) __________ –110 dBm N/A

10 MHz to 1.0 GHz (5)___________ –116 dBm N/A

1.01 GHz to 2.0 GHz (7) ___________ –115 dBm N/A

2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz (9) ___________ –112 dBm N/A

3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz (g) _________ (10) __________ –112 dBm N/A

Measured

Frequency

Average

Noise Level

(TR Entry)

E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

E4405B 12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz (j) __________ (13) __________ –107 dBm N/A E4407B, E4408B 12.01 GHz to 22 GHz (k) _________ (14) __________ –107 dBm N/A E4407B, E4408B 12.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz (l) __________ (15) __________ –101dBm N/A

6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz (i) __________ (12) __________ –110dBm N/A

3-22 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Test Limits

Span Minimum Maximum

10 MHz 1.48988 GHz 1.49012 GHz 100 kHz 1.4899988 GHz 1.4900012 GHz Marker Count

Accuracy with Counter Resolution at 1 Hz

1.489999999 GHz 1.490000001 GHz

Test Description

The frequency readout accuracy of the analyzer is tested with an input signal of known frequency. Frequency reference error is eliminated by using the same frequency standard for the analyzer and the synthesized sweeper.

Chapter 3 3-23

Functional Testing

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Required Equipment

Figure 3-2

Instrument Critical Speciﬁcations

(for this test)

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper 10MHz to 1.5GHz

External Reference Input

Adapters

Type-N(f), to APC

3.5(f) Cables Type-N,152-cm

(60-in) BNC,122-cm (48-in) 10503A

Additional Equipment for 75-ohm Input

Pad, minimum loss 11852B Type-N(f), to

BNC(m), 75 Ω

Recommended HP/Agilent Model

8340A/B or 836XX Series

1250-1745

11500D

1250-1534

3-24 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Procedure

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-2. Remember to connect the 10MHz REF OUT of the analyzer to the 10MHz REF IN of the synthesized sweeper.

2. Perform the following steps to set up the equipment: a. Press

INSTRUMENT PRESET on the synthesized sweeper, then set

the controls as follows:

CW, 1.490 GHz POWER LEVEL, – 10dBm

b. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the

analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

Frequency, 1.490 GHz SPAN, 10 MHz BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 100 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 kHz

CAUTION Use only 75 Ω cables, connectors, or adapters on instruments with 75 Ω

inputs, or damage to connectors will occur.

3. Press

Peak Search on the analyzer to measure the frequency readout

accuracy. If the instrument is functioning correctly, the result in the active function should be between 1.48991 GHz and 1.49009 GHz. Record this in the Marker Frequency Readout column in Table 3-2.

4. Press

Video BW (Man), 1 kHz.

Span, 100 kHz, BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Man), 1 kHz,

5. Repeat step 3. If the instrument is functioning correctly, the result should be between 1.4899990 GHz and 1.4900009 GHz.

NOTE The Frequency Readout Accuracy in now complete. Continue with the

Marker Count Accuracy functional check.

Chapter 3 3-25

Functional Testing

Marker Count Accuracy

Procedure

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer to measure the marker count accuracy by pressing the following keys:

Frequency, 1.490 GHz SPAN, 10 MHz BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 100 kHz Freq Count, Resolution (Auto), 1 Hz

2. Press Peak Search, then wait for a count to be taken (it may take several seconds).

3. If the analyzer is functioning correctly, the Cntr1 reading in the upper left-hand corner of the display should be between

1.489999998 MHz and 1.490000002 MHz. Record the Cntr1 frequency as the Marker Frequency Readout in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2

Marker

Span Minimum

10 MHz 1.48988 GHz 1.49012 GHz 100 kHz 1.4899988 GHz 1.4900012 GHz Marker Count

Accuracy w/Counter Resolution at 1Hz

1.489999998 GHz 1.490000002 GHz

Frequency

Readout

Maximum

3-26 Chapter3

Frequency Response

Test Limits

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

ESA Model Frequency Minimum

(dB)

E4411B & E4401B

E4402B & E4403B

E4404B 9 kHz to 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

E4405B 9 kHz to 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

E4407B & E4408B

9 kHz to 1.5 GHz –1.5 1.5

9 kHz to 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

3.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz –3.0 3.0

6.71 GHz to 13.2 GHz –3.5 3.5 9 kHz to 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

3.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz –3.0 3.0

6.71 GHz to 13.2 GHz –3.5 3.5

13.21 GHz to 25 GHz –4.0 4.0 25 GHz to 26.5 GHz –4.0 4.5

Maximum (dB)

Test Description

The output of the synthesized sweeper is fed through a power splitter to a power sensor and the analyzer. The synthesized sweeper’s power level is adjusted at 50 MHz to place the displayed signal at the analyzer center horizontal graticule line. Measurements are made at various points depending on the model being tested. The signal source amplitude is measured with a power meter to eliminate errors due to source ﬂatness. The power meter is zeroed and calibrated before starting the measurement.

Chapter 3 3-27

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Required Equipment

Critical

Instrument

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper 8340A/B or 83630A

Adapters

Type-N (f) to BNC (f) 1250-1474 APC 3.5 (f) to

APC 3.5 (f) BNC(f) to SMA(m) 1250-1237 Type-N(m), to APC

3.5(m)

Cables

(2) APC 3.5mm (36in) 8120-4921 BNC(m) both ends,

(48in)

Speciﬁcations (for this test)

Recommended HP/Agilent Model

Series

5061-5311

1250-1743

10503A

Additional Equipment for 75-ohm Input

Pad, minimum loss 11852B Type-N (f), to

BNC (m)

Misc

Power Meter EPM-441A (E4418A) Power Sensor, 75 Ω 8483A Power Sensor, 50 Ω 8485A Power Splitter 11667B

1250-1534

3-28 Chapter3

Figure 3-3

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Procedure

1. Zero and calibrate the power meter and power sensor as described in the power meter operation manual.

2. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-3 for a 50 Ω analyzer input.

CAUTION Use only 75 Ω cables, connectors, or adapters on instruments with 75 Ω

connectors, or damage to the connectors will occur.

3. Set the synthesized sweeper controls as follows:

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz AMPLITUDE, –8 dBm

4. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer and wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz CF Step Auto Man, 50 MHz SPAN, 20 kHz AMPLITUDE, –10 dBm AMPLITUDE, More, Amptd Units, dBm (75 Ω RF Input Only) AMPLITUDE, –10 dBm, Attenuation Auto Man, 10 dB Scale/Div, 2 dB BW/Avg, 10 kHz

Chapter 3 3-29

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Video BW Auto Man, 3 kHz Peak Search FREQUENCY, Signal Track (On)

5. Adjust the synthesized sweeper amplitude for a marker amplitude reading of –14 dBm +/– 0.10 dB.

NOTE The power level of the synthesized sweeper remains unchanged for the

duration of the test. For each new test frequency, the power sensor cal factor should be entered to minimize measurement errors.

6. Refer to Table 3-3, “Frequency Response Report.” Enter the marker readout amplitude for 50 MHz as displayed on the analyzer in the Analyzer Amplitude column.

7. Enter the power meter reading in the Power Meter Amplitude column.

8. Compute the ﬂatness error at 50 MHz using the following equation and record the results in the Flatness Error column:

Flatness Error = Analyzer Amplitude – Power Meter Amplitude

9. Perform the following steps for each center frequency setting listed in Table 3-3.

a. Tune the source to the next frequency listed in the Center

Frequency column. b. Enter the power sensor cal factor for the new test frequency. c. Tunetheanalyzercenter frequency by pressing the ⇑ key or press

FREQUENCY, Center Freq, “n”, and MHz (where “n” is the next test

frequency in Table 3-3). d. Press Peak Search. e. Enter the power meter reading in the Power Meter Amplitude

column. f. Enter the analyzer reading in the Analyzer Amplitude column. g. Compute the ﬂatness error using the following equation and

record the results in the Flatness Error column:

Flatness Error = Analyzer Amplitude – Power Meter Amplitude

The ﬂatness error should be less than the speciﬁed amount.

3-30 Chapter3

Table 3-3 Frequency Response Report

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Model Center

Freq

All Models 50 MHz ± 1.5

100 MHz ± 1.5 750 MHz ± 1.5 1250 MHz ± 1.5 1500 MHz ± 1.5

E4402B– E4408B

E4404B – E4408B

2000 MHz ± 1.5

2500 MHz ± 1.5 3000 MHz ± 1.5

4250 MHz ± 3.0

Analyzer Amplitude

Power Meter Amplitude

Flatness Error

Flatness Error Test Limits (dB)

E4405B – E4408B

E4407B & E4408B

5750 MHz ± 3.0 6700 MHz ± 3.0

8000 MHz ± 3.5

9000 MHz ± 3.5 10000 MHz ± 3.5 11000 MHz ± 3.5 13200 MHz ± 3.5

14000 MHz ± 4.0

19000 MHz ± 4.0 24000 MHz ± 4.0 26500 MHz ± 4.0

Chapter 3 3-31

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Test Limits

Reference Level Minimum

(dB)

dBm dBmV –30 21.76 Reference Reference –20 31.76 –1.40 1.40 –10 41.76 –1.40 1.40 –40 11.76 –1.40 1.40 –50 1.76 –1.40 1.40 –60 –8.24 –1.40 1.40 –70 –18.24 –2.0 2.0

Maximum (dB)

Test Description

A 50 MHz CW signal is applied to the Input of the analyzer. The amplitude of the source and the analyzer’s reference level are decreased in 10 dB steps. The analyzer marker functions are used to measure the amplitude difference between steps. Reference Level Accuracy is tested in both Log and Linear Scale Modes. Most of the error is contributed from the output attenuator inaccuracy in the synthesized sweeper and not the analyzer.

3-32 Chapter3

Required Equipment

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Instrument Critical Speciﬁcations

(for this test)

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper 8340A/B or 836XX Series

Adapters

Type-N(m), to BNC(f) 1250-1476

Cables

Type-N,152-cm (60-in)

BNC,122-cm (48-in) 10503A

Additional Equipment for 75-ohm Input

Pad, minimum loss 11852B Type-N(f), to BNC(m) 1250-1534

Recommended HP/Agilent Model

11500D

Figure 3-4

Chapter 3 3-33

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Log Mode Procedure

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-4.

2. Press

PRESET on the synthesized sweeper. Set the synthesized

sweeper controls as follows:

CW, 50 MHz Power Level, –30 dBm

3. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory), Preset on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Press

Alignments, AutoAlign, Off. Set the analyzer by pressing the following

System,

keys:

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz SPAN, 50 kHz AMPLITUDE, –30 dBm (50 Ω Input only) AMPLITUDE, 21.76 dBmV (75 Ω Input only) Attenuation (Man), 5 dB BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 3 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz

4. Press Peak Search on the analyzer. Adjust the amplitude on the synthesized sweeper until the marker amplitude on the analyzer reads –30 dBm +/– 0.10 dB. Enter the synthesized sweeper power level as the Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude reference in Table 3-4

on page 3-35.

NOTE Under these analyzer conditions, the sweep time is 1.7 seconds.

Therefore, the marker amplitude updates are fairly slow when adjusting the synthesizer output power.

5. Now that the reference has been established in step 4, adjust the synthesized sweeper power level and the analyzer reference level according to Table 3-4 on page 3-35. (The synthesized sweeper output power and the analyzer’s reference level will be changed in 10 dB steps.)

6. On the analyzer, press

Peak Search, Marker, Delta.

Single and wait for a sweep to ﬁnish. Press

7. For each new synthesized sweeper power level and analyzer reference level change, press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single Peak Search

Record the Analyzer Marker Amplitude reading in Table 3-4.

3-34 Chapter3

Table 3-4

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Analyzer Reference Level

dBm dBmV –30 21.76 Reference + _____ 0 (Reference) 0 (Reference) 0 (Reference) –20 31.76 Reference + (10 dB) 8.60 11.40 –10 41.76 Reference + (20 dB) 18.60 21.40 –40 11.76 Reference + (–10 dB) –11.40 –8.60 –50 1.76 Reference + (–20 dB) –21.40 –18.60 –60 – 8.24 Reference + (–30 dB) –31.40 –28.60 –70 –18.24 Reference + (–40 dB) –42.0 –38.0

Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude (dBm)

Minimum (dB)

Analyzer Marker ∆ Amplitude (dB)

Maximum (dB)

Linear Mode Procedure

1. Set the power level on the synthesized sweeper to –30 dBm.

2. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) AMPLITUDE, –30 dBm (50 Ω Input) AMPLITUDE, +21.76 dBmV (75 Ω Input) Scale Type (Lin) AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBm (50 Ω Input) AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBmV (75 Ω Input) Marker, Off

3. Adjust the amplitude on the synthesized sweeper until the marker amplitude on the analyzer reads –30 dBm +/– 0.10 dB. Enter the synthesized sweeper power level as the Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude reference in Table 3-5 on page 3-36.

NOTE Under these analyzer conditions, the sweep time is 1.7 seconds.

Therefore, the marker amplitude updates are fairly slow when adjusting the synthesizer output power.

Chapter 3 3-35

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

4. Now that the reference has been established in step 4, adjust the synthesized sweeper power level and the analyzer reference level according to Table 3-5. (The synthesized sweeper output power and the analyzer’s reference level will be changed in 10 dB steps.)

5. On the analyzer, press

Peak Search, Marker, Delta.

Single and wait for a sweep to ﬁnish. Press

6. For each new synthesized sweeper power level and analyzer reference level change, press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single Peak Search

Record the Analyzer Marker Amplitude reading in Table 3-5.

Table 3-5

Analyzer Reference Level

Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude (dBm)

Minimum (dB)

Analyzer Marker ∆ Amplitude (dB)

Maximum (dB)

–50 1.76 Reference + (–20 dB) –21.40 –18.60 –60 – 8.24 Reference + (–30 dB) –31.40 –28.60 –70 –18.24 Reference + (–40 dB) –42.0 –38.0

3-36 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

Test Limits

Resolution Bandwidth Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

1 kHz 0 (Ref) 0 (Ref)

3 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 10 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 30 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB

100 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 300 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB

1 MHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 3 MHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 5 MHz –0.6 dB 0.6 dB

Test Description

To measure the resolution-bandwidth switching uncertainty, an amplitude reference is taken with the resolution bandwidth set to 1 kHz. The resolution bandwidth is changed to settings between 5 MHz and 3 kHz and the amplitude variation is measured at each setting using the marker delta function and compared to the speciﬁcation. The span is changed as necessary to maintain approximately the same aspect ratio.

Chapter 3 3-37

Agilent E4401B Users Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Warranty

1 Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection

Power Requirements

Checking the Fuse

AC Power Cable

Preparation

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time

2 Getting Started

What You Will Find in This Chapter

Front-Panel Features

Rear-Panel Features

Display Annotation

Key Overview

Making a Measurement

Measurement Summary

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process

Warmup Time

File Menu Functions

Creating a directory

Format a Floppy Disk

Save a File

Rename a File

Copy a File

Delete a File

Printer Setup and Operation

Equipment

Interconnection and Setup

Testing Printer Operation

Analyzer Battery Information

3 Functional Testing

What You Will Find in This Chapter

What Are the Functional Tests?

Test Descriptions

Displayed Average Noise Level

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure (10 MHz to 500 MHz) E4401B and E4411B

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) E4401B and E4411B

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) E4401B and E4411B

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) E4404B

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) E4405B

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) E4407B and E4408B

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) E4407B and E4408B

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure

Marker Count Accuracy

Procedure

Frequency Response

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure

Reference Level Accuracy

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Log Mode Procedure

Linear Mode Procedure

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

Test Limits

Test Description