Agilent E4401B Users Guide

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User’s Guide

HP ESA Spectrum Analyzers

This manual provides documentation for the following instruments:

HP ESA-E Series

HP E4401B HP E4402B HP E4404B HP E4405B HP E4407B

and

HP ESA-L Series

HP E4403B HP E4408B HP E4411B

Manufacturing Part Number: E4401-90091

Printed in USA

April 1999

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning before operating this instrument.

WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not

correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

NOTE Note calls out special information for the user’s attention. It provides

operational information or additional instructions of which the user should be aware.

The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.

This symbol is used to mark the on position of the power line switch.

This symbol is used to mark the standby position of the power line switch.

This symbol indicates that the input power required is AC.

WARNING This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective

earthing ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protected earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

WARNING If this product is not used as speciﬁed, the protection provided

by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.

iii

Warranty

This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-PackardCompanywill, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Hewlett-Packard. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Hewlett-Packard and Hewlett-Packard shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Hewlett-Packard from another country.

Hewlett-Packard warrants that its software and ﬁrmware designated by Hewlett-Packard for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Hewlett-Packard does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or ﬁrmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modiﬁcation or misuse, operation outside of the environmental speciﬁcations for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HEWLETT-PACKARD SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES

THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HEWLETT-PACKARD SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

Where to Find the Latest Information

Documentation is updated periodically. Forthelatestinformationabout HP ESA Spectrum Analyzers, including ﬁrmware upgrades and application information, please visit the following Internet URL:

http://www.hp.com/go/esa

Contents

1. Preparing for Use and Printing

Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Checking the Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Turning on the Analyzer for the First Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

Printer Setup and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Interconnection and Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Testing Printer Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

2. Getting Started

What You’ll Find in this Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Front-Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Rear-Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Display Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

Key Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

Making a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Measurement Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

File Menu Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

Format a Floppy Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

Save a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

Load a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27

Rename a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

Copy a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30

Delete a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32

Warm-Up Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32

Analyzer Battery Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33

3. Functional Testing

What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

What Are the Functional Tests? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Functional Test Versus Performance Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Test Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Displayed Average Noise Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Procedure (1 MHz to 500 MHz) HP E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) HP E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

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Contents

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) HP E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . 3-14

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) HP E4404B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) HP E4405B, E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) HP E4405B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) HP E4407B and E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) HP E4407B and E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Frequency Readout Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

Marker Count Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

Reference Level Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33

Log Mode Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34

Linear Mode Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Scale Fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

viii

Contents

Second Harmonic Spurious Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45

Tracking Generator Level Flatness: HP E4401B and E4411B,

Options 1DN and 1DQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Tracking Generator Level Flatness: HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B,

E4405B, E4407B and E4408B, Option 1DN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

4. Troubleshooting

What You’ll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Before You Call Hewlett-Packard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Check the Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Read the Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Service Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

How to Call Hewlett-Packard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

How to Return Your Analyzer for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Service Tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Original Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Other Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Informational Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

Error Queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Error Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

Error Message Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

0: No Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

-499 to -400: Query Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

-199 to -100: Command Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

201 to 799: Device-Specific Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

5. Menu Maps

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Contents

6. Front-Panel Key Reference

AMPLITUDE Y Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

Auto Couple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

BW/Avg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-13

Det/Demod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-15

Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-17

Enter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-23

Esc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24

File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25

Freq Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-30

FREQUENCY Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-31

Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-33

Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-34

Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-35

Marker

Meas Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-40

Meas Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-41

MEASURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-44

MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-47

Next Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-48

Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-49

Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-52

Print Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-53

Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-55

Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-56

Single Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-61

Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-62

SPAN X Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-64

Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-67

Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-68

System (Local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-70

Trig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-75

View/Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-76

Viewing Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-79

Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-80

→ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6−39

7. Options and Accessories

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-3

How to Order Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-3

Delete Manual Set (Option 0B0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

Additional Manual Set (Option 0B1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-3

Component Level Service Documentation (Option 0BV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-3

Contents

Service Documentation and Adjustment Software

(Option 0BW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

RS-232 and Parallel Interface (Option 1AX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Rack Mount Kit With Handles (Option 1CP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

High Stability Frequency Reference (Option 1D5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Time-Gated Spectrum Analysis (Option 1D6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Ω to 75 Ω Matching Pad (Option 1D7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Ω Tracking Generator (Option 1DN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Ω Input Impedance (Option 1DP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Narrow Resolution Bandwidth (Option 1DR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Ω Tracking Generator (Option 1DQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Pre-amplifier (Option 1DS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

HP-IB and Parallel Interface (Option A4H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

IF, Sweep and Video Ports

(Option A4J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

12 Vdc Power Cable (Option A5D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Hard Transit Case (Option AXT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Operating and Carrying Cases (Option AYT/AYU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Fast Digitized Time Domain Sweeps (Option AYX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Benchlink Spectrum Analyzer (Option B70) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Enhanced Memory Upgrade (Option B72) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Performance Bundle (Option B75) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

FM Demodulation (Option BAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

APC 3.5 Input Connector (Option BAB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Firmware Upgrade Kit (Option UE2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Commercial Calibration with Test Data

(Option UK6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Front Panel Protective Cover (Option UK9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

3 Year Calibration Contract (Option W32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

5 Year Service Support (Option W50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

5 Year Calibration Contract (Option W52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

RF and Transient Limiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Ω/75 Ω Minimum Loss Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Ω Matching Transformer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

RF Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

HP E1779A Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

HP N2717A Performance Verification Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

AC Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Broadband Preamplifiers and Power Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

HP-IB Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Parallel Interface Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Contents

Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-11

RS-232 Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Carrying Strap (HP Part Number E4411-60028) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

xii

1 Preparing for Use and Printing

This chapter provides information on how to inspect your analyzer when it arrives and what to expect when it is ﬁrst powered on. It also includes the analyzer power requirements and printing information.

1-1

Preparing for Use and Printing

Initial Inspection

Inspect the shipping container and verify that the contents are complete. Keep the container and cushioning material until you have inspected the analyzer.

Table 1-1 contains the accessories shipped with the analyzer. If the

contents are incomplete, or the analyzer does not pass the performance tests, notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard ofﬁce. If the shipping container is damaged or the cushioning material shows signs of stress, also notify the carrier. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection. The HP ofﬁce will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for a claim settlement.

If the shipping materials are in good condition, retain them for possible future use. You may wish to ship the analyzer to another location or to return it to Hewlett-Packard for service. See “How to Return Your

Analyzer for Service” on page 4-7 for more information about shipping

materials. If cleaning is necessary, use a damp cloth only.

WARNING To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the spectrum analyzer

mains before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

1-2 Chapter1

Table 1-1 Accessories Supplied with the Analyzer

Description HP Part Number Comments

Preparing for Use and Printing

Initial Inspection

Adapter, Type N (m) to BNC (f)

Adapter, BNC (m)toBNC (f), 75 Ω

Adapter, Type N (m) to SMA (f)

Adapter, BNC (f) to SMA (m)

Cable, BNC (m) to BNC (m), 203 mm

Cable,SMA (m) toType N (m), 220 mm

Power cable See the table after

1250-0780 Not shipped with Option 1DP. Two adapters

1250-2477 Shipped only with Option 1DP. Two adapters

1250-1250 Shipped only with Option 1DN for HP

1250-1200 Shipped only with Option BAB.

HP 10502A Shipped only with HP E4402B, E4403B,

8120-5148 Shipped only with Option 1DN for HP

“Power Cable”.

are shipped with Option 1DN.

shipped with Option 1DQ.

E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B. Not shipped with Option BAB.

E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

Shipped with analyzer.

Chapter 1 1-3

Preparing for Use and Printing

Power Requirements

The analyzer is a portable instrument and requires no physical installation other than connection to a power source. There is no need to select a line voltage.

Table 1-2 AC Power Requirements

Voltage 90-132 Vrms (47 to 440 Hz) Voltage 195 - 250 Vrms (47 to 66 Hz) Power Consumption, On less than 300 W Power Consumption, Standby less than 5 W

Table 1-3 DC Power Requirements

Voltage 12-20 Vdc Power Consumption less than 200 W

Checking the Fuse

Where IEC regulations apply, use a 5 by 20 mm, rated F5A, 250 V IEC approved fuse. This fuse may be used with input line voltages of 115 V or 230 V. Its HP part number is 2110-0709.

Where UL/CSA regulations apply, use a 5 by 20 mm rated fast blow, 5 A, 125 V UL/CSA approved fuse (HP part number 2110-0756). This fuse may only be used with an input line voltage of 115 V.

The line fuse is housed in a fuse holder in the upper left hand corner of the rear panel.

To remove the fuse, ﬁrst disconnect the power cord from the instrument. Then insert the tip of a screwdriver into the slot at the middle of the fuse holder, and turn counterclockwise to extend the fuse holder.

1-4 Chapter1

Preparing for Use and Printing

Power Requirements

WARNING For continued protection against ﬁre hazard, replace the line

fuse only with the same type and rating. The use of other fuses or material is prohibited.

Power Cable

The analyzer is equipped with a three-wire power cable, in accordance with international safety standards. When connected to an appropriate power line outlet, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet.

WARNING Failure to ground the analyzer properly can result in personal

injury. Before turning on the analyzer, you must connect its protective earth terminals to the protective conductor of the main power cable. Insert the main power cable plug only into a socket outlet that has a protective earth contact. DO NOT defeat the earth-grounding protection by using an extension cable, power cable, or autotransformer without a protective ground conductor.

If you are using an autotransformer, make sure its common terminal is connected to the protective earth contact of the power source outlet socket.

Various power cables are available to connect the analyzer to the types of ac power outlets unique to speciﬁc geographic areas. The cable appropriate for the area to which the analyzer is originally shipped is included with the unit. You can order additional ac power cables for use in different areas. The following table lists the available ac power cables, illustrates the plug conﬁgurations, and identiﬁes the geographic area in which each cable is appropriate.

Chapter 1 1-5

Preparing for Use and Printing

Power Requirements

Plug Type

250V

L N

250V

125V

250V

230V

220V

NNLLEENNLL

Cable

Part

Description

Plug

Length

cm (in.)

Cable Color

For Use

in Country

Number

8120-1351

8120-1703

8120-1369

8120-0696

8120-1378

8120-1521

8120-4753

8120-4754

8120-1689

8120-1692

8120-2104

8120-2296

8120-2956

Straight BS 1363A

Straight AS 3112

Straight NEMA 5-15P

Straight CEE 7/VII

Straight SEV Type 12

Straight SR 107-2-D

229 (90)

210 (79)

200 (78)

203 (80)

229 (90)

200 (78)

Mint Gray

Gray

Jade Gray

Gray

Mint Gray

Gray

Option 900 United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Cyprus, Nigeria, Singapore, Zimbabwe

Option 901 Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, Mainland China

Option 903 United States, Canada, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico,Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan

Option 918 Japan

Option 902 Continental Europe, Central African Republic, United Arab Republic

Option 906 Switzerland

Option 912 Denmark

8120-2957

250V

8120-4211

8120-4600

250V

8120-5182

8120-5181

a. E =earth ground, L = line, and N = neutral. b. Plug identifier numbers describe the plug only. The HP part number is for the complete cable assembly.

Straight IEC 83-B1

Straight SI 32

200 (78)

Gray

Mint Gray

Jade Gray

Option 917 South Africa, India

Option 919 Israel

1-6 Chapter1

formt118

Preparing for Use and Printing

Preparation

WARNING If this product is to be energized via an external

autotransformer for voltage reduction, make sure that its common terminal is connected to a neutral (earthed pole) of the power supply.

CAUTION This instrument has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply

voltage is within the speciﬁed range.

CAUTION Ventilation Requirements:Wheninstallingtheproductinacabinet, the

convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4 °C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts, then forced convection must be used.

NOTE Install the instrument so that the detachable power cord is readily

identiﬁable and is easily reached by the operator. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch. Alternatively, an externally installed switch or circuit breaker (which is readily identiﬁable and is easily reached by the operator) may be used as a disconnecting device.

Chapter 1 1-7

Preparing for Use and Printing

Turning on the Analyzer for the First Time

Before using your analyzer, plug the power cord into the analyzer. Press ❙ (the On key). When you turn on the analyzer, a box will appear on the lower-left

corner of the screen. The box will display your analyzer product number, the ﬁrmware revision number, and a URL for accessing product support information on the World Wide Web. Press the menu keys, to remove the box from the display.

NOTE Record the ﬁrmware revision number and keep it for reference. If you

should ever need to call Hewlett-Packard for service or with any questions regarding your analyzer, it will be helpful to have the ﬁrmware date readily available.

To make sure your analyzer meets speciﬁcations, make sure it meets operating temperature conditions, and allow a 5 minute warm-up before making calibrated measurements.

ESC, above

NOTE It is normal to hear clicking when the Auto Alignment function is on.

During the interval between sweeps portions of the analyzer’s circuitry are realigned. Some of the circuitry is controlled by relays. It is the rapid switching of these relays between sweeps which causes the clicking sound. Under normal operation, these relays will last over 50 years.

To eliminate the clicking sound, turn off the automatic alignment. (See the

Alignments key description in Chapter 5.) The Align Now All

function should, however, be performed periodically. For more information on how often to perform Align Now All when the Auto Alignment function is off, refer to “Speciﬁcations” in the HP ESA

Spectrum Analyzers Calibration Guide.

If you wish to use an external 10 MHz source as the reference frequency, connect an external reference source to the

10 MHz REF IN

connector on the rear panel. The signal level should be greater than –15 dBm.

1-8 Chapter1

Preparing for Use and Printing

Printer Setup and Operation

Equipment

• HP ESA Spectrum Analyzer equipped with Options A4H (HP-IB and Parallel Interface) or 1AX (RS-232 and Parallel Interface).

• IEEE 1284 compliant printer cable (such as HP C2950A).

• Supported printer equipped with a parallel interface. (A supported printer is one that accepts Printer Control Language Level 3 or 5).

— PCL3 printers include most HP DeskJet printers. — PCL5 printers include most HP LaserJet printers and the

HP 1600C DeskJet printer.

Interconnection and Setup

1. Turn off the printer and the analyzer.

2. Connect the printer to the analyzer parallel I/O interface connector using an IEEE 1284 compliant parallel printer cable.

3. If appropriate, conﬁgure your printer using conﬁguration menus or switches. Refer to your printer’s documentation for more speciﬁc information on conﬁguring your printer.

4. Turn on the analyzer and printer.

5. Press

Print Setup on the front panel and then press the Printer Type

menu key. Printer Type accesses the following keys:

None None disables the analyzer from attempting to print

to a printer. This is the appropriate setting if no printer is connected to the analyzer.

Custom Custom allows you to access the Deﬁne Custom menu

keys. The

Deﬁne Custom menu keys allow you to

specify printer characteristics such as PCL Level and printer color capability.

Auto Auto enables the analyzer to automatically attempt

to identify the connected printer when the is pressed or when

Printer Type is set to Auto.

Print key

Chapter 1 1-9

Preparing for Use and Printing

Printer Setup and Operation

6. Press Printer Type to access the Printer Type menu keys. Press Auto to make the analyzer attempt to identify the connected printer. When you press

Auto, the analyzer will respond in one of the three

following ways:

• The

Print Setup menu will be displayed with the Auto key selected

and no new message will be displayed in the display status line. This indicates that the analyzer has successfully identiﬁed the connected printer and no further setup is required. As long as

Auto remains selected in the Printer Type menu, the analyzer will

attempt to identify the printer when the front panel

Print key is

pressed. The selected printer will be displayed by pressing

System, More 1 of 3, Show System.

• The

Print Setup menu will be displayed with the Custom key

selected and one of the following diagnostic messages will be displayed in the display status line:

Unknown printer, Define Custom to set up printer No printer response, Define Custom to set up

printer Invalid printer response, Define Custom to set up

printer

This indicates that the analyzer was unable to automatically identify the connected printer, and the

Printer Type menu. Press Print Setup, Deﬁne Custom to select

Custom has been selected in

speciﬁc printer characteristics such as the printer language (PCL3 or PCL5) and color printing capability. Once you have set these characteristics to match those of your connected printer, the printer setup process is complete. As long as selected in the

Printer Type menu,the analyzer will not attempt to

Custom remains

automatically identify the connected printer when the front panel

Print key is pressed.

• The

Print Setup menu will be displayed with the None key selected

and the following message will appear in the display status line:

Unsupported printer, Printer Type set to None

This indicates that the analyzer has successfully identiﬁed the connected printer, but the printer is not supported by the analyzer. As long as

None is selected in the Printer Type menu, the

analyzer will respond to any print command by displaying the message Printer Type is None in the display status line.

1-10 Chapter1

Preparing for Use and Printing

Printer Setup and Operation

Testing Printer Operation

When you have completed the analyzer’s printer setup, press Print

Setup, Print (Screen) and then press Print on the front panel. If the

printer is ready and the printer setup was successful, a printout of the analyzer display will be printed. If the printer is not ready, the message

Printer Timeout will appear on the analyzer display. Printer Timeout will remain on the display until the printer is ready or until

you press

ESC to cancel the printout request.

Chapter 1 1-11

Preparing for Use and Printing

Printer Setup and Operation

1-12 Chapter1

2 Getting Started

This chapter introduces you to basic features of the analyzer, including front panel and rear panel descriptions, and an overview of the display annotation. You will also learn how to make a basic measurement.

2-1

Getting Started

What You’ll Find in this Chapter

This chapter introduces the basic functions of the analyzer. In this chapter you will:

• Get acquainted with the front-panel and rear-panel features.

• Get acquainted with the function keys.

• Learn about display annotation.

• Make a basic measurement (using the internal alignment signal).

• Learn about ﬁle menus.

• Learn about analyzer accuracy and the internal alignment process.

• Learn about the analyzer battery for retaining internal memory.

NOTE Before using your analyzer, please read Chapter 1, Preparing for Use

and Printing, which describes how to set up your analyzer and how to verify that it is operational. Chapter 1 describes many safety considerations that should not be overlooked.

2-2 Chapter2

Front-Panel Features

Figure 2-1 Front Panel Feature Overview

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

1 Viewing Angle keys allow you to adjust the display so

that it can be optimally viewed from different angles.

2 Esc. The Esc (escape) key cancels any entry in progress.

Esc will abort a print (if one is in progress) and clear

error messages from the status line at the bottom of the display. It also clears input and tracking generator overload conditions.

3 Menu keys are the unlabeled keys next to the screen.

The menu key labels are the annotation on the screen next to the unlabeled keys. Most of the labeled keys on the analyzer front panel (also called front panel keys) access menus of keys having related functions.

4 FREQUENCY Channel, SPAN X Scale, and AMPLITUDE Y

Scale are the three large keys that activate the primary

analyzer functions and access menus of related functions.Thesecondarylabels on these keys (Channel,

Chapter 2 2-3

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

X Scale, and Y Scale) are used in some measurements

5 CONTROL functions access menus that allow you to

adjust the resolutionbandwidth,adjustthesweeptime, and control the instrument display. They also set other analyzer parameters needed for making measurements.

6 MEASURE accesses a menu of keys that automate some

common analyzer measurements. Once a measurement is running, for deﬁning your measurement.

Restart access additional measurement control

Meas Setup accesses additional menu keys

Meas Control and

functions.

7 SYSTEM functions affect the state of the entire

spectrum analyzer. Various setup and alignment routines are accessed with the

System key.

The green

Preset key resets the analyzer to a known

state. The File key menu allows you to save and load traces,

states, limit-line tables, and amplitude correction factors to or from analyzer memory or the ﬂoppy disk drive. The function deﬁned under

Save key immediately executes the Save

File in the Front-Panel Key

Reference chapter. The Print Setup menu keys allow you to conﬁgure

hardcopy outputs. The

Print key immediately sends

hardcopy data to the printer. See Chapter 6 for more details.

8 MARKER functions control the markers, read out

frequencies and amplitudes along the analyzer trace, automatically locate the signals of highest amplitude, and access functions like

9 The Media Door on the right side of the front panel

Marker Noise and Band Power.

accesses the 3.5 inch disk drive and the Earphone connector. The earphone connector provides a connection for an earphone jack which bypasses the internal speaker.

10 The Data Control Keys, which include the step keys,

knob, and numeric keypad, allow you to change the numeric value of an active function.

Data control keys are used to change values for functions such as center frequency, start frequency, resolution bandwidth, and marker position.

The data controls will change the active function in a

2-4 Chapter2

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

manner prescribed by that function. For example, you can change center frequency in ﬁne steps with the knob, in discrete steps with the step keys, or to an exact value with the numeric keypad.

The Knob allows continuous change of functions such as center frequency, reference level, and marker position. It also changes the values of many functions that change in increments only. Clockwise rotation of the knob increases values. For continuous changes, the extent of alteration is determined by the size of the measurement range; the speed at which the knob is turned affects the rate at which the values are changed.

Among other things, the knob enables you to change the center frequency, start or stop frequency, or reference level. For slow sweeps, the analyzer uses a smooth panning feature which is designed to move the trace display to the latest function value as the knob is turned. When either center frequency or reference level is adjusted, the signal will shift right or left or up or down with the rotation of the knob before a new sweep is actually taken. An asterisk is placed in the message block (the upper right-hand corner of the analyzer display) to indicate that the data on the screen does not reﬂect data at the current setting.

The Numeric Keypad allows entry of exact values for many of the analyzer functions. You may include a decimal point in the number portion. If not, the decimal point is placed at the end of the number.

Numeric entries must be terminated with a units key. When a numeric entry is begun, the menu keys show the units key labels. The units keys change depending on what the active function is. For example, the units keys for frequency span are whereas the units for reference level are

mV, and µV.

NOTE If an entry from the numeric keypad does not coincide with an allowed

GHz, MHz, kHz, and Hz,

+dBm, −dBm,

function value (for example, that of a 12 MHz bandwidth), the analyzer defaults to the nearest allowable value.

The Step Keys (⇓⇑) allow discrete increases or decreases of the active function value. The step size depends upon the analyzer measurement range or on a preset amount. Each press results in a single step change. For those parameters with ﬁxed values, the next value in a sequence is selected each time a step key is pressed. Changes are predictable and can be set

Chapter 2 2-5

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

for some functions. Out-of-range values or out-of-sequence values will not occur using these keys.

11 VOLUME. The VOLUME knob adjusts the volume of the

internal speaker. The speaker is turned on and off with the

Speaker On Off key in the Det/Demod menu.

12 EXT KEYBOARD. The EXT KEYBOARD connector is a

6-pin mini-DIN connector for future use with PC keyboards. It is not currently supported.

13 PROBE POWER provides power for high-impedance ac

probes or other accessories.

14 Return. The Return key accesses the previously selected

menu. Continuing to press

Return accesses earlier

menus.

15 AMPTD REF OUT provides an amplitude reference signal

of 50 MHz at –20 dBm. HP E4402B, HP E4403B, HP E4404B, HP E4405B, HP E4407B, and HP E4408B only

16 Tab Keys are used to move around in the Limit editor

and the Correction editor, and to move within the ﬁelds of the dialog box accessed by the

17 INPUT 50Ω (INPUT 75Ω for Option 1DP) is the signal

File menu keys.

input for the analyzer.

18 The Next Window key can be used to select the active

window in functions which support split-screen display modes, such as Zone markers. In such modes, pressing

Zoom allows you to switch between the split-screen and

full-sized display of the active window.

19 Help. Press the Help key and then any front panel or

menu key to get a short description of the key function and the associated SCPI command. The next key you press will remove the help window from the display.

2-6 Chapter2

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

20 RF OUT 50Ω (for Option 1DN) or RF OUT 75Ω

(for Option 1DQ) is the source output for the built-in tracking generator. Option 1DN or 1DQ only

CAUTION If the tracking generator output power is too high, it may damage the

device under test. Do not exceed the maximum power that the device under test can tolerate.

21 The ❙ (On) key turns the analyzer on, while the O

(Standby) key turns most of the analyzer off. An instrument alignment is performed (if

Auto Align is on)

every time the analyzer is turned on. After turning on the analyzer, allow 5 minutes of warm-up time to ensure the analyzer will meet all speciﬁcations.

NOTE The instrument continues to draw power even if the line power switch

is in standby. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front-panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch (disconnecting device).

Chapter 2 2-7

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

Figure 2-2 Rear Panel Feature Overview

1 Power input is the input for the AC line power source.

Make sure that the line-power source outlet has a protective ground contact.

2 DC Power is the input for the DC power source. Refer to

“Power Requirements” in the Speciﬁcations Chapter of the HP ESA Spectrum Analyzer Calibration Guide.

CAUTION AC line power and DC power should not be plugged in simultaneously.

3 Line Fuse. The fuse is removed by twisting

counterclockwise 1/4 turn. Replace only with a fuse of the same rating. See the label on the rear panel.

2-8 Chapter2

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

4 Service Connector. The service connector is for service use

only.

5 Inputs/Outputs

5a VGA OUTPUT drives an external VGA

compatible monitor with a signal that has 31.5 kHz horizontal, 60 Hz vertical synchronizing rate, non-interlaced.

5b GATE/HI SWP OUT (TTL) indicates when

the analyzer is sweeping.

5c GATETRIG/EXT TRIG IN(TTL) accepts the

positive edge of an external voltage input that triggers the analyzer internal sweep source or the gate function (Time Gate, Option 1D6).

Table2-1 and Table2-2 show the appropriate rear panelslotsto be used for the optional cards available with the HP ESA spectrum analyzers. Refer to Table 2-1 if you have an HP ESA-L Series spectrum analyzer. Refer to Table 2-2 if you have an HP ESA-E Series spectrum analyzer.

(P) = Preferred Card Slot (A) = Acceptable Card Slot (–) = Unacceptable Card Slot

Table 2-1 HP ESA-L Series (E4403B, E4408B, E4411B)

Slot # HP-IB

(Opt A4H)

1 PP – – – – 2 AA – – – – 3 –– – – – – 4 –– – – – – 5 –– – P – – 6 –– – – – P

1. The Frequency Extension Assembly comes standard with the HP E4408B.

Serial

(Opt 1AX)

FADC

(Opt AYX)

IF and Sweep

Ports

(Opt A4J)

FM Demod

(Opt BAA)

Frequency Extension

Chapter 2 2-9

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

Table 2-2 HP ESA-E Series (E4401B, E4402B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B)

Slot # HP-IB

(Opt A4H)

2 AA A A A – 3 AA P A A – 4 AA A A P – 5 –– – P A – 6 –– – A A P

1. The Frequency Extension Assembly comes standard with the HP E4404B, E4405B and E4407B.

2. The CPU heatsink invades the space allocated to Slot 1. Cards installed in this space must be“L” shaped to avoid interference.

PP – A – –

6 HP-IB and parallel (Option A4H) are optional

Serial

(Opt 1AX)

FADC

(Opt AYX)

IF and Sweep

Ports

(Opt A4J)

FM Demod

(Opt BAA)

Frequency Extension

interfaces. HP-IB supports remote instrument operation. The parallel port is for printing only.

7 RS-232 and parallel (Option 1AX) are optional

interfaces. RS-232 supports remote instrument operation. The parallel port is for printing only.

NOTE Printing is only supported from the parallel port.

NOTE Only one optional interface (Option A4H or Option 1AX) can be

installed at a time.

8 IF and Sweep Ports (Option A4J):

SWP OUT provides a voltage ramp corresponding to the

sweep of the analyzer (0 V to 10 V).

HI SWP IN (TTL) can be grounded to stop sweeping. HI SWP OUT (TTL) indicates when the analyzer is

sweeping.

AUX VIDEO OUT provides detected video output (before

the analog-to-digital conversion) proportional to vertical deﬂection of the trace. Output is from 0 V to 1 V. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal. The output signal will be blanked occasionally during retrace by the automatic alignment routine. Select a very long sweep time to minimize this, or turn off the

Auto Align, All function (and use Align Now, All

manually to maintain calibration.) Refer to the

Alignments key description in Chapter 6 for more

2-10 Chapter2

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

information on alignment key functions.

AUX IF OUT is a 50 Ω, 21.4 MHz IF output that is the

down-converted signal of the RF input of the analyzer. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal. This output is taken after the resolution bandwidth ﬁlters and step gains and before the log ampliﬁer. The output signal will be blanked occasionally during retrace by the automatic alignment routine. Select a very long sweep time to minimize this, or turn off the

Now, All manually to maintain calibration.) Refer to the Alignments key description in Chapter 6 for more

Auto Align, All function (and use Align

information on alignment key functions.

9 FM Demod (Option BAA) allows you to demodulate,

display, and measure deviation on FM signals. You can listen to audio signals on a built-in speaker or with an earphone.

10 Frequency Extension Assembly controls the

microwave front-end components in the HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

11 Card Slot Identiﬁcation Numbers. Refer to

Table 2-1 and Table 2-2 for card slot versus option card

compatibility information.

12 10 MHz REF IN accepts an external frequency source to

provide the 10 MHz, −15 to +10 dBm frequency reference used by the analyzer.

13 10 MHz REF OUT provides a 10 MHz, 0 dBm minimum,

timebase reference signal.

14 Power On Selection selects an instrument power

preference. This preference applies after power has been absent for > 20 seconds. The

PWR NORM position

causes the instrument to remain off when power is applied. The on. The

PWR ALWAYS ON position causes it to turn

PWR ALWAYS ON mode is useful if an external

power switch is used to control a rack of several instruments.

15 DC Fuse protects the analyzer from drawing too much

DC power. Replace only with a fuse of the same rating. See the label on the rear panel.

Chapter 2 2-11

Getting Started

Display Annotation

Here is an example of the annotation that may appear on an analyzer display. The display annotation is referenced by numbers which are listed in the following table. The Function Key column indicates which key activates the function related to the annotation. Refer to

Chapter 6 for more information on a speciﬁc function key.

Figure 2-3 Screen Annotation

3 4 5 6 987

1211

18 17 141516

Table 2-3 Screen Annotation

Item Description Function Key

1 Detector mode Detector 2 Reference level Ref Level 3 Active function block Refer to the description of the

4 Screen title Change Title 5 Time and date display Time/Date On Off

2-12 Chapter2

pl727

activated function.

Table 2-3 Screen Annotation

Item Description Function Key

6 RF attenuation Attenuation Auto Man 7 Marker frequency Marker Count On Off 8 Marker amplitude Marker 9 HP-IB annunciators RLTS

10 Data invalid indicator Sweep (Single)

Getting Started

Display Annotation

See below for more information

11 Pop-up Informational

messages 12 Key menu title Dependent on key selection. 13 Key menu See key label descriptions in

14 Frequency span or stop

frequency 15 Sweep time Sweep Time Auto Man 16 Video bandwidth Video BW Auto Man 17 Frequency offset Freq Offset 18 Display status line Displays instrument status and

19 Resolution bandwidth Resolution BW Auto Man 20 Center frequencyor start

frequency 21 Auto alignment routine

is on

See Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting”

Chapter 6.

Span or Stop Freq

error messages. See Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting”

Center Freq or Start Freq

Auto Align

See below for more information

22 Trigger/Sweep Trig, Sweep

See below for more information 23 Trace mode Trace 24 Video average Video Average On Off 25 Display line Display Line On Off 26 Amplitude offset Ref Lvl Offst 27 Amplitude scale Scale Type Log Lin

Item 21 refers to the auto alignment mode. AA indicates that auto alignment of all analyzer parameters, except the tracking generator and FM demodulation options, will occur. AB indicates that auto

Chapter 2 2-13

Getting Started

Display Annotation

alignment of all analyzer functions except the RF section (and tracking generator and FM demodulation options) will occur. No indicator will appear if auto alignment is off.

Item 22 refers to the trigger and sweep modes of the analyzer. The ﬁrst letter F indicates the spectrum analyzer is in free-run trigger mode. The second letter C indicates the spectrum analyzer is in continuous-sweep mode.

Item 23 refers to the trace modes of the analyzer. The ﬁrst letter W indicates that the analyzer is in clear-write mode. The second letter is 1, representing trace 1. The trace 2 trace mode is S2, indicating trace 2 (2) is in the store-blank mode (S). The trace mode annotation for trace 3 is displayed under the trace mode annotation of trace 1. The trace 3 trace mode is S3, indicating trace 3 (3) is in the store blank mode (S).

A # in front of display annotation indicates that the function is uncoupled.

Refer to the following table for the screen annotation codes for trace, trigger, and sweep modes.

Table 2-4 Screen Annotation for Trace Mode

Screen Annotation Description

W Clear Write M Maximum Hold

V View

S Store Blank

m Minimum Hold

Table 2-5 Screen Annotation for Trigger Mode

Screen Annotation Description

F Free Run L Line V Video E External

2-14 Chapter2

Getting Started

Display Annotation

Table 2-6 Screen Annotation for Sweep Mode

Screen Annotation Description

C Continuous S Single Sweep

Table 2-7 Screen Annotation for HP-IB Annunciators

Screen Annotation Description

R Remote Operation L HP-IB Listen T HP-IB Talk S HP-IB SRQ

Chapter 2 2-15

Getting Started

Key Overview

The keys labeled FREQUENCY Channel, System, and Marker are all examples of front panel keys. Pressing most front panel keys accesses menus of functions that are displayed along the right side of the display. These are called menu keys.

Menu keys list functions other than those accessed directly by the front panel keys. To activate a menu key function, press the key immediately to the right of the annotation on the screen. The menu keys that are displayed depend on which front panel key is pressed and which menu level is enabled.

If a menu key function’s value can be changed, it is called an active function. The function label of the active function is highlighted after that key has been selected. Forexample,press calls up the menu of related amplitude functions. Note the function labeled highlighted.

Ref Level (the default selected key in the Amplitude menu) is

Ref Level also appears in the active function block,

indicating that it is the active amplitude function and can now be changed using any of the data entry controls.

AMPLITUDE Y Scale. This

A menu key with On and Off in its label can be used to turn the menu key’s function on or off. To turn the function on, press the menu key so that On is underlined. To turn the function off, press the menu key so that Off is underlined. In the manual, when On should be underlined, it will be indicated as

Function (On).

A function with Auto and Man in the label can either be auto-coupled or have its value manually changed. The value of the function can be changed manually using the numeric keypad, knob, or step keys. To auto-couple a function, press the menu key so that Auto is underlined. In the manual, when

Function (Auto).

Auto should be underlined, it will be indicated as

In some menus of keys, one key label will alwaysbe highlighted to show which key has been selected. For example, when you press Det/Demod,

Demod you will access a menu of keys in which some of the keys are

grouped together by a blue bar (on analyzers with a color display) on the left side of the menu. The

Off key, which is the Det/Demod, Demod

menu default key, will be highlighted. When you press another key within the blue bar region, such as

AM, the highlight will move to that

key to show it has been selected.

2-16 Chapter2

Getting Started

Key Overview

In some menus of keys, one key label will alwaysbe highlighted to show which key has been selected but the menu is immediately exited when a selection is made. For example, when you press the

Print Setup menu key) it will bring up its own menu of keys. The Portrait

Orientation key (a

key, which is the Orientation menu default key, will be highlighted. When you press another Orientation menu key, the highlight will move to that key to show it has been selected.

A summary of all front panel keys and their related menu keys can be found in Chapter 6, “Front-Panel Key Reference”.

Chapter 2 2-17

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

Let’s begin using the analyzer by measuring an input signal. Since the internal 50 MHz amplitude reference signal is readily available, we will use it as our test signal.

NOTE You cannot hurt the analyzer by using the alignment signal and

pressing any of the keys described in this section. Don’t be afraid to play with the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. (If you have experimented with other keys and wish to return to a known state, press the green Preset key)

1. First, turn the instrument on by pressing

On. Wait for the power-up

process to complete.

2. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory).

3. Press the green pressing from the

NOTE For the HP E4401B and E4411B, the above key label is Amptd Ref

(f=50 MHz).

Input, Amptd Ref Out (f=50 MHz) (On) and connecting a cable AMPTD REF OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω.

Preset key. Turn on the internal 50 MHz signal by

4. Set the frequency. Press the

FREQUENCY Channel key. Center appears on the left side

of the screen, indicating that the center-frequency function is active. The

Center Freq menu key label is highlighted to indicate that center

frequency is the active function. The active function block is the space on the screen within the graticule where the active function messages appear. Active function values can be changed using the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. Set the center frequency to 50 MHz with the DATA keys by pressing 50 MHz. The knob and step keys can also be used to set the center frequency.

5. Set the span. Press

block, and the

SPAN X Scale. Span is now displayed in the active function

Span menu key label is highlighted to indicate it is the

active function. Reduce the span to 20 MHz by using the knob, pressing the down key (⇓), or pressing 20 MHz.

6. Set the amplitude. When the peak of a signal does not appear on the screen, it may be

necessary to adjust the amplitude level on the screen. Press

AMPLITUDE Y Scale. Ref Level 0.0 dBm appears in the active

function block (48.75 dBmV with Option 1DP). The

Ref Level menu

key label is highlighted to indicate that reference level is the active

2-18 Chapter2

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

function. The reference level is the top graticule line on the display and is set to 0.0 dBm (48.75 dBmV with Option 1DP). Changing the value of the reference level changes the amplitude level of the top graticule line.

If desired, use the reference level function to place the signal peak at the top of the screen using the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad.

Figure 2-4 demonstrates the relationship between center frequency

and reference level. The box in the ﬁgure represents the analyzer display. Changing the center frequency changes the horizontal placement of the signal on the display. Changing the reference level changes the vertical placement of the signal on the display. Increasing the span increases the frequency range that appears horizontally on the display.

NOTE Analyzers with Option 1DP default to display amplitude values in

dBmV when in a log scale mode.

Figure 2-4 Relationship between Frequency and Amplitude

7. Set the marker. Marker functions measure the frequency and amplitude of a signal.

You can place a diamond-shaped marker on the signal peak to ﬁnd the signal’s frequency and amplitude.

To activate a marker, press the

Marker key (located in the MARKER

section of the front panel). The Normal label is highlighted to show that the marker is the active function. Turn the knob to place the marker at the signal peak. You can also use the

Search key, which

automatically places a marker at the highest point on the trace.

Chapter 2 2-19

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

Readouts of marker frequency and amplitude appear in the active function block and in the upper right corner of the display. Look at the marker readout to determine the amplitude of the signal.

If another function is activated, the marker frequency and amplitude can still be identiﬁed by looking at the marker readout in the upper right corner of the display.

Measurement Summary

1. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset (Factory). Press the green

Preset key. Turn on the internal 50 MHz signal by pressing Input, Amptd Ref Out (f=50 MHz) (On).

NOTE For the HP E4401B and E4411B, the above key label is Amptd Ref

(f=50 MHz).

2. Set the center frequency by pressing the following keys:

5,0, MHz.

3. Set the span by pressing the following keys:

Span, 2,0, MHz.

Frequency,

4. The amplitude reference signal is about −27 dB (25 dBmV for Option 1DP) for the HP E4411B and E4401B. The amplitude reference signal is about – 20 dB for the HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B. If desired, adjust the reference level: press

AMPLITUDE Y Scale to activate the reference

level, and use the knob or step keys to change the reference level and bring the signal to the top of the screen.

5. Determine the amplitude and frequency of the signal. You can either press

Search or press Marker and move the marker to the signal

peak. Read the amplitude and frequency. The display should look like the one in Figure 2-5. Frequency is displayed horizontally, and amplitude (power) is displayed vertically.

2-20 Chapter2

Figure 2-5 Reading the Amplitude and Frequency

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

Chapter 2 2-21

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

This section describes how to use the functions located under the front-panel

You will learn how to do all of the following:

• format a ﬂoppy disk

• save a ﬁle

• load a ﬁle

• rename a ﬁle

• copy a ﬁle

• delete a ﬁle

NOTE Note that the display examples in this section are typical to the

HP E4401B, you may see some variations of the display dependent on your analyzer.

File key.

Format a Floppy Disk

You can format a ﬂoppy disk in the analyzer. The format is MS-DOS. Note that it is not necessary to format your ﬂoppy disk with the analyzer; preformatted disks can be used with the analyzer.

1. Place the disk you wish to format into the ﬂoppy drive (A:\) of the analyzer.

2. Access the ﬁle manager menu by pressing

Figure 2-6.

File, then File Manager. See

2-22 Chapter2

Figure 2-6 File Manager Menu

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

3. Start the format process by pressing

CAUTION To abort disk format press any key, but Enter.

Format, then Enter.

When a disk is formatted all data on the disk is destroyed. A dialog box appears on the analyzer display to warn you, allowing you the opportunity to abort formatting.

4. Press

Enter, a second time to format the disk. The format process

takes approximately three minutes.

You are now ready to save ﬁles to the disk.

Chapter 2 2-23

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Save a File

You can save ﬁles (traces, states, limits, corrections, or screens) to a ﬂoppy disk (A:\), or the internal drive (C:\). In this example you will save a trace to the internal C: drive.

Step 1. Set up the analyzer traces

1. Turn on the internal 50 MHz reference signal of the analyzer. For the HP E4401B and HP E4411B, use the internal 50 MHz

reference signal of the analyzer as the signal being measured. Press

Preset, Input, Amptd Ref (On).

For all other models connect a cable between the front-panel

REF OUT to the analyzer INPUT, then press Preset, Input, Amptd Ref Out (On).

2. Set the center frequency to 75 MHz and the span to 200 MHz: press

FREQUENCY, 75 MHz, SPAN, 200 MHz.

The reference signal appears on the display.

3. View trace 1 and put it into maximum hold by pressing

Trace 1 2 3 (1 is underlined), Max Hold. Your analyzer display should

look similar to Figure 2-7.

Figure 2-7 Viewing Trace 1

AMPTD

View/Trace,

2-24 Chapter2

4. Activate trace 2 and put it into minimum hold by pressing

View/Trace, Trace 1 2 3 (2 is underlined), Min Hold. Your analyzer

display should look similar to Figure 2-8.

Figure 2-8 Viewing Traces 1 and 2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

5. Activate trace 3 by pressing

Clear Write. Your analyzer display should look similar to Figure 2-9.

Figure 2-9 Viewing Traces 1, 2, and 3

View/Trace, Trace 1 2 3 (3 is underlined),

Chapter 2 2-25

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Step 2. Save the ﬁle

1. To access the Save menu press

File, Save.

2. Select the type of ﬁle you want to save. In this example you are saving a trace, press Trace.

3. Select the trace you wish to save (1, 2, 3, or all traces). In this example you will save trace 3, press 3.

4. Select the type ﬁle you wish to save the trace as, trace plus state (Trace + State) or comma separated value (CSV). In this example you will save as trace plus state, press

Trace + State. Note that the ﬁle

extension for this ﬁle type is TRC.

5. Enter a ﬁlename using the Alpha Editor softkeys. For this example you will name the ﬁle TRACE.

6. Select the drive you wish to save to by pressing Tab →. This will highlight [-C-] on the analyzer display. In this example you are saving to the C: drive. Press

NOTE If the correct drive is not listed in the Path: ﬁeld, highlight “..” at the

Select.

top of the directory list. This enables you to move up a directory. Press

Select, to highlight the desired drive, ([-A-] or [-C-])the press Select

again.

7. Press

NOTE You need to select a unique ﬁlename. The analyzer will not allow you to

Enter, to save the ﬁle to the C: drive.

overwrite an existing ﬁle. If you select a ﬁle name that already exists, the analyzer will display the error message: File already exists.

2-26 Chapter2

Load a ﬁle

1. Reset the analyzer by pressing Preset.

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

2. To access the Load menu press

File, Load.

3. Select the type of ﬁle you want to load (setup, state, trace, limits, or corrections). In this example you are loading a trace ﬁle, press Trace.

NOTE Not all ﬁle types can be loaded back into the analyzer. For example,

bitmap Screen ﬁles and CSV (comma separated value) Trace ﬁles are designed for use with a PC.

4. Select the drive where your ﬁle is located by pressing

Tab →. In this

example drive C:, use the front-panel knob to highlight [-C-],

then press

Select.

5. Select the ﬁle you want to load into the analyzer. In this example the ﬁle is TRACE.TRC. by moving the cursor with the front-panel knob to highlight the ﬁle name.

6. Press Enter to load the speciﬁed ﬁle. Yourdisplay should look similar to Figure 2-10.

Figure 2-10 File Loaded

Chapter 2 2-27

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

NOTE You should notice that the trace that you saved, in this example trace 3,

is loaded to trace 1. If you wish to verify this condition, remove the signal input. For HP E4401B and E4411B,press

Input, Amptd Ref On Off

(Off), for all other models press Input, Amptd Ref Out On Off (Off). To see that trace 1 is in view mode blank traces 2 and 3 by pressing

View/Trace, Trace 2 , Blank, Trace 3, Blank. Then press Trace 1, notice that

trace 1 is the only trace displayed in view mode (the view key is selected, and the trace is not sweeping). Your display should look similar to Figure 2-11.

Figure 2-11 Verifying Trace 1

2-28 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Rename a File

1. To access the Rename menu press File, File Manager, Rename.

2. Select the type of ﬁle you want to rename (setup, state, trace, limits, screens, or corrections). In this example you are renaming a trace ﬁle, press

Trace.

3. Select the drive where you ﬁle is located, by pressing

Tab →. In this

example drive C:, use the front-panel key to highlight [-C-], then

press

Select.

4. Select the ﬁle you want to rename. In this example the ﬁle is TRACE.TRC. by moving the cursor with the front-panel knob to highlight the ﬁle name.

5. Press Tab → to enter the Alpha Editor menu. For this example, rename the ﬁle to RENAME using the Alpha Editor softkeys.

6. Press Enter, your ﬁle is now renamed and visible within the directory displayed on your analyzer.

Chapter 2 2-29

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Copy a File

1. To access the Copy menu press File, File Manager, Copy.

2. Put a formatted ﬂoppy in the A: drive.

3. Select the type of ﬁle you want to rename (setup, state, trace, limits, screens, or corrections). In this example you are copying a trace ﬁle from the C: drive to the A: drive, press Trace.

4. Select the drive where your ﬁle is located, by pressing

Tab → to

highlight the From:Path: ﬁeld. Select the drive, in this example drive C:, use the front-panel knob or step keys to highlight [-C-],

then press

Select.

5. Select the ﬁle you wish to copy by highlighting the ﬁlename using the front-panel knob or step keys. In this example the ﬁle RENAME.

6. Press

Tab → to move to the To:Path: ﬁeld. select the drive where

you want to copy the ﬁle. Select the drive, in this example drive A:, use the front-panel knob or step keys to highlight [−Α−], then press

Select.

NOTE If the correct drive is not listed in the Path: ﬁeld, highlight “..” at the

top of the directory list. This enables you to move up a directory. Press

Select, to highlight the desired drive, ([-A-] or [-C-]) then press Select

again.

7. Copy the ﬁle by pressing

Enter. You have now copied the ﬁle

RENAME from the C: drive to the A: drive.

2-30 Chapter2

Getting Started

File Menu Functions

Delete a File

1. To access the Delete menu press File, File Manager, Delete.

2. Select the type of ﬁle you want to delete (setup, state, trace, limits, screens, or corrections). In this example you are deleting a trace ﬁle, press

Trace.

3. Select the drive where the ﬁle you wish to delete is located, by pressing Tab →. In this example drive C:, use the front-panel knob or step keys to highlight [-C-], then press

NOTE If the correct drive is not listed in the Path: ﬁeld, highlight “..” at the

top of the directory list. This enables you to move up a directory. Press

Select, to highlight the desired drive, ([-A-] or [-C-])the press Select

again.

4. Select the ﬁle you want to delete. In this example the ﬁle is RENAME.TRC, by moving the cursor with the front-panel knob or step keys to highlight the ﬁle name.

Select.

5. Press

Enter, your ﬁle is now deleted and is no longer visible in the

directory displayed on your analyzer.

Chapter 2 2-31

Getting Started

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process

Data from the internal alignment routine is necessary for spectrum analyzer operation. The internal alignment routine runs continuously to ensure that the analyzer is using current alignment data that improves the analyzer frequency and amplitude accuracy. Press the

System, Alignments keys to view the alignment menus. For more

detailed information on the alignment keys, refer to Chapter 6.

Warm-Up Time

In order for the analyzer to meet its speciﬁcations, allow it to warm up for 5 minutes after being turned on before attempting to make any calibrated measurements. If analyzer speciﬁcations for the conditions required to maintain calibration.

Auto Align Off is selected, refer to the

2-32 Chapter2

Getting Started

Analyzer Battery Information

The analyzer uses a lithium battery to enable the internal memory to retain data. The date when the battery was installed is on a label on the rear panel of the analyzer. See Figure 2-12.

The minimum life expectancy of the battery is 7 years at 25 °C, or 1 year at 55 °C. If you experience problems with the battery or the recommended time period for battery replacement has elapsed, see

“How to Return Your Analyzer for Service” in Chapter 4.

If you wish to replace the battery yourself, you can purchase the service documentation that provides all necessary test and maintenance information.

You can order the service documentation for an HP ESA spectrum analyzer through your HP Sales and Service ofﬁce. The documentation is described under “Service Documentation and Adjustment Software

(Option 0BW)” in Chapter 7 of this manual.

After replacing the analyzer battery, write the date of battery replacement on the rear-panel label.

Figure 2-12 Rear-Panel Battery Information Label

Chapter 2 2-33

Getting Started

Analyzer Battery Information

2-34 Chapter2

3 Functional Testing

3-1

Functional Testing

What You'll Find in This Chapter

This chapter describes the functional tests and provides information on how to perform them.

What Are the Functional Tests?

Functional tests are tests of various instrument parameters that give a high degree of conﬁdence that the instrument is operating correctly. They are recommended as a check of instrument operation for incoming inspection or after a repair. Measurement uncertainty analysis is not available for functional tests, and the instrument is checked against limits that are wider than the published speciﬁcations. The functional tests are designed to test an instrument operating within the temperature range deﬁned by the instrument speciﬁcations using a minimum set of test equipment. If a test does not pass, performance tests must be run to conﬁrm a problem exists.

Functional Test Versus Performance Veriﬁcation

Performance veriﬁcation tests check a wide range of instrument parameters and provide the highest level of conﬁdence that the instrument is operating satisfactorily. They are used to verify that the instrument conforms to published speciﬁcations. They are time consuming and require extensive test equipment. The functional tests check a much smaller range of parameters and a limited number of data points for each parameter. They require only limited test equipment.

3-2 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Test Descriptions

Each of the following test descriptions include the test limits (pass/fail criteria), a description of what the test does or what it measures, a list of equipment required for the performance of the test, an illustration of the test setup used, and a step by step test procedure. The tests are designed to be run on an instrument operating within the operational temperature range deﬁned by the instrument speciﬁcations. Only perform tests after the speciﬁed warm-up time.

The tests included in this chapter are as follows:

Displayed Average Noise Level Frequency Readout and Marker Count Accuracy

Frequency Response Reference Level Accuracy Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty Scale Fidelity Second Harmonic Spurious Responses Tracking Generator Level Flatness

(HP E4401B and HP E4411B) Tracking Generator Level Flatness

(HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B)

Chapter 3 3-3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Test Limits

Frequency Range Model (50 Ω Inputs) Maximum

(50 Ω Inputs)

1 MHz to 500 MHz HP E4401B, E4411B – 119 dBm 1 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz – 117 dBm 2

1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz – 113 dBm 3 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz HP E4402B, E4403B – 117 dBm 4

HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1.01 GHz to 2.0 GHz HP E4402B, E4403B – 116 dBm 6 HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B

2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz HP E4402B, E4403B – 113 dBm 8 HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B

3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz HP E4404B – 110 dBm 11

– 116 dBm 5

– 115 dBm 7

– 112 dBm 9

– 112 dBm 10

TR Entry

6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz HP E4405B, E4407B, E4408B – 110 dBm 12

12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz HP E4405B – 107 dBm 13

12.01 GHz to 22 GHz HP E4407B, E4408B – 107 dBm 14

22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz HP E4407B, E4408B – 101 dBm 15

Frequency Range Model (75 Ω Inputs) Maximum

(75 Ω Inputs)

1 MHz to 500 MHz HP E4401B, E4411B – 65 dBmV 16 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz – 60 dBmV 17

1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz – 53 dBmV 18

3-4 Chapter3

TR Entry

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Test Description

The Displayed Average Noise Level is measured within the frequency range speciﬁed. The analyzer input is terminated into either 50 Ω or 75 Ω, depending on analyzer options.

The test tunes the analyzer frequency across the band, uses the marker to locate the frequency with the highest response and then reads the average noise in zero span.

Required Equipment

Adapters Recommended Model

Termination, 50 Ω Type-N(m) HP 908A

Additional Equipment for 75 Ω Input

Termination, 75 Ω Type-N(m) HP 909E

Figure 3-1

Adapter, Type-N(f), to BNC (m), 75-ohm 1250-1534

e4411

SPECTRUM ANALYZER

RF Out

Termination

Input

Termination

wl719a

Procedure (1 MHz to 500 MHz) HP E4401B and E4411B

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-1.

2. Press

Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set

the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 1 MHz Stop Freq, 500 MHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm (50 Ω Input only) AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBmV, Ref Level, –21.24 dBmV

(75 Ω Input only)

Chapter 3 3-5

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

3. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Video Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 5 sweeps, then stop).

4. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (a) for 1 MHz to 500 MHz.

5. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

6. Press Center Freq, and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (a) for 1 MHz to 500 MHz.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

8. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

9. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 1 (TR Entry 16 for a 75 Ω Input) in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum for the appropriate input impedance.

3-6 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) HP E4401B and E4411B

1. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 501 MHz Stop Freq, 1.0 GHz BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Video Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps, then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (b) for 501 MHz to 1.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (b) for 501 MHz to

1.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Chapter 3 3-7

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 2 (TR Entry 17 for a 75 Ω Input) in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum for the appropriate input impedance.

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) HP E4401B and E4411B

1. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 1.0 GHz Stop Freq, 1.5 GHz BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take 5 sweeps, then stop).

3. Press Peak Search and record the marker frequency as the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (c) for 1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (c) for 1.01 GHz to

1.5 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz

3-8 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 3 (TR Entry 18 for a 75 Ω Input) in Table 3-1. The average noise level should be less than the Maximum for the appropriate input impedance.

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 10 MHz Stop Freq, 1.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Video Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps, then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (d) for 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

Chapter 3 3-9

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (d) for 10 MHz to

1.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. If the analyzer is an HP E4402B or an E4403B, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 4 in Table 3-1. Otherwise, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 5 in Table 3-1. The average noise level should be less than the Maximum.

3-10 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 1.01 GHz Stop Freq, 2 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Video Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table3-1 (e) for

1.01 GHz to 2 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (e) for 1.01 GHz to 2 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Chapter 3 3-11

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. If the analyzer is an HP E4402B or an E4403B, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 6 in Table 3-1. Otherwise, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 7 in Table 3-1.The average noise level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 2.01 GHz Stop Freq, 3.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Video Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (f) for

2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (f) for 2.01 GHz to

3.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz

3-12 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. If the analyzer is an HP E4402B or an E4403B, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 8 in Table 3-1. Otherwise, record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 9 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the maximum.

Chapter 3 3-13

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 3.01 GHz Stop Freq, 6.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Video Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (g) for

3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (g) for 3.01 GHz to

6.0 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

3-14 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 10 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) HP E4404B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 6.01 GHz Stop Freq, 6.7 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table3-1 (h) for

6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (h) for 6.01 GHz to

6.7 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Chapter 3 3-15

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 11 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) HP E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 6.01 GHz Stop Freq, 12.0 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (i) for

6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (i) for 6.01 GHz to

12.0 GHz.

3-16 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 12 in Table 3-1. The average noise level should be less than the Maximum.

Chapter 3 3-17

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) HP E4405B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 12.01 GHz Stop Freq, 13.2 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (j) for

12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (j) for 12.01 GHz to

13.2 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

3-18 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 13 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) HP E4407B and E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 12.01 GHz Stop Freq, 22 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table3-1 (k) for

12.01 GHz to 22 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (k) for 12.01 GHz to 22 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz

Chapter 3 3-19

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 14 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) HP E4407B and E4408B

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, Start Freq, 22.01 GHz Stop Freq, 26.5 GHz AMPLITUDE, –70 dBm BW/Avg, 1 MHz Video BW Auto Man, 10 kHz

2. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single BW/Avg, Average (On), 5, Enter Single

Wait until AVG 5 is displayed to the left of the graticule (the analyzer will take ﬁve sweeps and then stop).

3. Press Search and record the Measured Frequency in Table 3-1 (l) for

22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz.

4. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) BW/Avg, Average (Off) BW/Avg, Resolution BW (Auto) Video BW (Auto) SPAN, 50 kHz FREQUENCY

3-20 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

5. Press Center Freq and set the center frequency of the analyzer to the Measured Frequency recorded in Table 3-1 (l) for 22.01 GHz to

26.5 GHz.

6. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz Single

Wait for the sweep to ﬁnish.

7. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Display, Display Line (On)

Adjust the display line so that it is centered on the average trace noise, ignoring any residual responses.

8. Record the display line amplitude setting as TR Entry 15 in Table 3-1. The Average Noise Level should be less than the Maximum.

Chapter 3 3-21

Table 3-1

Functional Testing

Displayed Average Noise Level

Model Number Frequency Range Measured

Frequency

HP E4401B, E4411B 1 MHz to 500 MHz A 1 or 16 –119 dBm –65 dBmV

501 MHz to 1.0 GHz B 2 or 17 –117 dBm –60 dBmV

1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz C 3 or 18 –113 dBm –53 dBmV HP E4402B, E4403B 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz D 4 –117 dBm N/A HP E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B HP E4402B, E4403B 1.01 GHz to 2.0 GHz E 6 –116 dBm N/A HP E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B HP E4402B, E4403B 2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz F 8 –113 dBm N/A HP E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B HP E4404B, E4405B,

E4407B, E4408B HP E4404B 6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz H 11 –110 dBm N/A HP E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B

10 MHz to 1.0 GHz 5 –116 dBm N/A

1.01 GHz to 2.0 GHz 7 –115 dBm N/A

2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz 9 –112 dBm N/A

3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz G 10 –112 dBm N/A

6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz I 12 –110 dBm N/A

AverageNoise Level (TR Entry)

50 Ω Input

Maximum

75 Ω Input

HP E4405B 12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz J 13 –107 dBm N/A HP E4407B, E4408B 12.01 GHz to 22 GHz K 14 –107 dBm N/A HP E4407B, E4408B 12.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz L 15 –101 dBm N/A

3-22 Chapter3

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Test Limits

Span Minimum Maximum

10 MHz 1.48988 GHz 1.49012 GHz 100 kHz 1.4899988 GHz 1.4900012 GHz

Functional Testing

Marker Count Accuracy with Counter Resolution at 1 Hz

1.489999999 GHz 1.490000001 GHz

Test Description

The frequency readout accuracy of the analyzer is tested with an input signal of known frequency. Frequency reference error is eliminated by using the same frequency standard for the analyzer and the synthesized sweeper.

Chapter 3 3-23

Functional Testing

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Required Equipment

Instrument Critical Speciﬁcations

Recommended Model

(for this test)

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper 10MHz-1.5GHz.

External Reference Input

HP 8340A/B or 836XX Series

Adapters

Type-N(f), to APC

1250-1745

3.5(f)

Cables

Type-N,152-cm

HP 11500D

(60-in) BNC,122-cm (48-in) HP 10503A

Additional Equipment for 75-ohm Input

Pad, minimum loss HP 11852B Type-N(f), to

1250-1534

BNC(m), 75 Ω

Figure 3-2

10 MHz

Ref

Input

SYNTHESIZED SWEEPER

RF Output

ADAPTER

Type-N Cable

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

RF Input

10 MHz Ref Output

wl71a

3-24 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Procedure

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-2. Remember to connect the 10MHz REF OUT of the analyzer to the 10MHz REF IN of the synthesized sweeper.

2. Perform the following steps to set up the equipment: a. Press

INSTRUMENT PRESET on the synthesized sweeper, then set

the controls as follows:

CW, 1.490 GHz POWER LEVEL, – 10dBm

b. Press Preset on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to

ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

Frequency, 1.490 GHz SPAN, 10MHz BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 100kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30kHz

CAUTION Use only 75 Ω cables, connectors, or adapters on instruments with 75 Ω

inputs, or damage to connectors will occur.

3. Press

Search on the analyzer to measure the frequency readout

accuracy. If the instrument is functioning correctly, the result in the active function should be between 1.48988 MHz and 1.49012 MHz. Record the Marker Frequency Readout in Table 3-2.

4. Change the analyzer Span to 100kHz, BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 1 kHz, Video BW Auto Man, 1 kHz.

5. Repeat step 3. If the instrument is functioning correctly, the result should be between 1.4899988 MHz and 1.4900012 MHz.

NOTE The Frequency Readout Accuracy in now complete. Continue with the

Marker Count Accuracy functional check.

Chapter 3 3-25

Functional Testing

Marker Count Accuracy

Procedure

1. Press Preset on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer to measure the marker count accuracy by pressing the following keys:

Frequency, 1.490 GHz SPAN, 10 MHz BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 100 kHz Freq Count, Resolution (Auto), 1 Hz

2. Press Search, then wait for a count to be taken (it may take several seconds).

3. If the analyzer is functioning correctly, the Cntr1 reading in the upper left hand corner of the display should be between

1.489999999 MHz and 1.490000001 MHz. Record the Cntr1 frequency as the Marker Frequency Readout in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2

Span Minimum Marker

Frequency Readout

10MHz 1.48988 GHz 1.49012 GHz 100kHz 1.4899988 GHz 1.4900012 GHz Marker Count

Accuracy w/Counter Resolution at 1 Hz

1.489999999 GHz 1.490000001 GHz

Maximum

3-26 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Test Limits

ESA Model Frequency Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

HP E4411B & E4401B

HP E4402B & E4403B

HP E4404B 9 kHz – 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

HP E4405B 9 kHz – 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

HP E4407B & E4408B

9 kHz – 1.5 GHz –1.5 1.5

9 kHz – 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

3.01 GHz – 6.7 GHz –3.0 3.0

6.71 GHz – 13.2 GHz –3.5 3.5 9 kHz – 3 GHz –1.5 1.5

3.01 GHz – 6.7 GHz –3.0 3.0

6.71 GHz – 13.2 GHz –3.5 3.5

13.21 GHz – 25 GHz –4.0 4.0 25 GHz – 26.5 GHz –4.0 4.5

Test Description

The output of the synthesized sweeper is fed through a power splitter to a power sensor and the analyzer. The synthesized sweeper’s power level is adjusted at 50 MHz to place the displayed signal at the analyzer center horizontal graticule line. Measurements are made at various points depending on the model being tested. The signal source amplitude is measured with a power meter to eliminate errors due to source ﬂatness. The power meter is zeroed and calibrated before starting the measurement

Chapter 3 3-27

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Required Equipment

Instrument Critical

Speciﬁcations (for this test)

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper HP 8340A/B or 83630A

Adapters

Type-N (f) to BNC (f) 1250-1474 APC 3.5 (f) to

APC 3.5 (f) BNC(f) to SMA(m) 1250-1237 Type-N(m), to APC

3.5(m)

Cables

(2) APC 3.5mm (36in) 8120-4921 BNC(m) both ends,

(48in)

Recommended Model

Series

5061-5311

1250-1743

HP 10503A

Additional Equipment for 75-ohm Input

Pad, minimum loss HP 11852B Type-N (f), to

BNC (m)

Misc

Power Meter EPM-441A (HP E4418A) Power Sensor, 75 Ω HP 8483A Power Sensor, 50 Ω HP 8485A Power Splitter 11667B

1250-1534

3-28 Chapter3

Figure 3-3

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

SYNTHESIZED

SWEEPER

POWER

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

METER

RF Output

POWER

SPLITTER

BURIED POWER

SENSOR

Channel B

Mechanical Adapter

(75 Inputs Only)W

Input

ADAPTER

pl728

Procedure

1. Zero and calibrate the power meter and power sensor as described in the power meter operation manual.

2. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-3 for a 50 Ω analyzer input.

CAUTION Use only 75 Ω cables, connectors, or adapters on instruments with 75 Ω

connectors or damage to the connectors will occur.

3. Set the synthesized sweeper controls as follows:

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz AMPLITUDE, –8 dBm

4. Press Preset on the analyzer and wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz CF Step Auto Man, 50 MHz SPAN, 20 kHz AMPLITUDE, –10 dBm AMPLITUDE, More, Amptd Units, dBm (75 Ω RF Input Only) AMPLITUDE, –10 dBm, Attenuation Auto Man, 10 dB Scale/Div, 2 dB BW/Avg, 10 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 3 kHz

Chapter 3 3-29

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Search FREQUENCY, Signal Track (On)

5. Adjust the synthesized sweeper amplitude for a marker amplitude reading of –14 dBm +/– 0.10 dB.

NOTE The power level of the synthesized sweeper remains unchanged for the

duration of the test. For each new test frequency, the power sensor cal factor should be entered to minimize measurement errors.

6. Refer to Table 3-3, Frequency Response Report. Enter the marker readout amplitude for 50 MHz as displayed on the analyzer in the Analyzer Amplitude column.

7. Enter the power meter reading in the Power Meter Amplitude column.

8. Compute the ﬂatness error at 50 MHz using the following equation and record the results in the Flatness Error column:

Flatness Error = Analyzer Amplitude – Power Meter Amplitude

9. Perform the following steps for each center frequency setting listed in Table 3-3.

a. Tune the source to the next frequency listed in the Center

Frequency column. b. Enter the power sensor cal factor for the new test frequency. c. Tune the analyzer center frequency by pressing the ⇑ key or press

FREQUENCY, Center Freq, “n”, and MHz (where “n” is the next test

frequency in Table 3-3). d. Press Search. e. Enter the power meter reading in the Power Meter Amplitude

column. f. Enter the analyzer reading in the Analyzer Amplitude column. g. Compute the ﬂatness error using the following equation and

record the results in the Flatness Error column:

Flatness Error = Analyzer Amplitude – Power Meter Amplitude

The ﬂatness error should be less than the speciﬁed amount.

3-30 Chapter3

Table 3-3 Frequency Response Report

Functional Testing

Frequency Response

Model Center

Freq

All Models 50 MHz 1.5

100 MHz 1.5 750 MHz 1.5 1250 MHz 1.5 1500 MHz 1.5

HP E4402B E4408B

HP E4404B E4408B

2000 MHz 1.5

2500 MHz 1.5 3000 MHz 1.5

4250 MHz 3.0

Analyzer Amplitude

Power Meter Amplitude (Power meter)

Flatness Error (Flat error)

Flatness Error Test Limits (dB)

HP E4405B E4408B

HP E4407B & E4408B

5750 MHz 3.0 6700 MHz 3.0

8000 MHz 3.5

9000 MHz 3.5 10000 MHz 3.5 11000 MHz 3.5 13200 MHz 3.5

14000 MHz 4.0

19000 MHz 4.0 24000 MHz 4.0 26500 MHz 4.0

Chapter 3 3-31

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Test Limits

Reference Level Minimum

(dB)

dBm dBmV –30 21.76 Reference Reference –20 31.76 –1.40 1.40 –10 41.76 –1.40 1.40 –40 11.76 –1.40 1.40 –50 1.76 –1.40 1.40 –60 –8.24 –1.40 1.40 –70 –18.24 –2.0 2.0

Maximum (dB)

Test Description

A 50 MHz CW signal is applied to the Input of the analyzer. The amplitude of the source and the analyzer’sreference level are decreased in 10 dB steps. The analyzer marker functions are used to measure the amplitude difference between steps. Reference Level Accuracy is tested in both Log and Linear Scale Modes. Most of the error is contributed from the output attenuator inaccuracy in the synthesized sweeper and not the analyzer.

3-32 Chapter3

Required Equipment

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Instrument Critical Speciﬁcations

Recommended Model

(for this test)

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper HP 8340A/B or 836XX

Series

Adapters

Type-N(m), to BNC(f) 1250-1476

Cables

Type-N,152-cm

HP 11500D

(60-in) BNC,122-cm (48-in) HP 10503A

Additional Equipment for 75-ohm Input

Pad, minimum loss HP 11852B Type-N(f), to BNC(m) 1250-1534

Figure 3-4

10 MHz

Ref

Input

SYNTHESIZED SWEEPER

RF Output

ADAPTER

Type-N Cable

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

RF Input

10 MHz Ref Output

wl71a

Chapter 3 3-33

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Log Mode Procedure

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-4.

2. Press

PRESET on the synthesized sweeper. Set the synthesized

sweeper controls as follows:

CW, 50 MHz Power Level, –30 dBm

3. Press Preset on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Press

System, Alignments, Auto Align, Off. Set the analyzer by

pressing the following keys:

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz SPAN, 50 kHz AMPLITUDE, –30 dBm (50 Ω Input only) AMPLITUDE, 21.76 dBmV (75 Ω Input only) Attenuation (Man), 5 dB BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 3 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 30 Hz

4. Press Search on the analyzer. Adjust the amplitude on the synthesized sweeper until the marker amplitude on the analyzer reads –30 dBm +/– 0.10 dB. Enter the synthesized sweeper power level as the Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude reference in Table 3-4.

NOTE Under these analyzer conditions, the sweep time is 1.7 seconds.

Therefore, the marker amplitude updates are fairly slow when adjusting the synthesizer output power.

5. Now that the reference has been established in step 4, adjust the synthesized sweeper power level and the analyzer reference level according to Table 3-4. (The synthesized sweeper output power and the analyzer’s reference level will be changed in 10 dB steps.)

6. On the analyzer, press

Search, Marker, Delta.

Single and wait for a sweep to ﬁnish. Press

7. For each new synthesized sweeper power level and analyzer reference level change, press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single Search

Record the Analyzer Marker Amplitude reading in Table 3-4.

3-34 Chapter3

Table 3-4

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

Analyzer Reference Level

dBm dBmV –30 21.76 Reference + _____ 0 (Reference) 0 (Reference) 0 (Reference) –20 31.76 Reference + (10 dB) 8.60 11.40 –10 41.76 Reference + (20 dB) 18.60 21.40 –40 11.76 Reference + (–10 dB) –11.40 –8.60 –50 1.76 Reference + (–20 dB) –21.40 –18.60 –60 – 8.24 Reference + (–30 dB) –31.40 –28.60 –70 –18.24 Reference + (–40 dB) –42.0 –38.0

Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude (dBm)

Minimum (dB)

Analyzer Marker ∆ Amplitude (dB)

Maximum (dB)

Linear Mode Procedure

1. Set the power level on the synthesized sweeper to –30 dBm.

2. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

Sweep, Sweep (Cont) AMPLITUDE, –30 dBm (50 Ω Input) AMPLITUDE, +21.76 dBmV (75 Ω Input) Scale Type (Lin) AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBm (50 Ω Input) AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBmV (75 Ω Input) Marker, Off

3. Adjust the amplitude on the synthesized sweeper until the marker amplitude on the analyzer reads –30 dBm +/– 0.10 dB. Enter the synthesized sweeper power level as the Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude reference in Table 3-5.

NOTE Under these analyzer conditions, the sweep time is 1.7 seconds.

Therefore, the marker amplitude updates are fairly slow when adjusting the synthesizer output power.

4. Now that the reference has been established in step 4, adjust the synthesized sweeper power level and the analyzer reference level

Chapter 3 3-35

Table 3-5

Functional Testing

Reference Level Accuracy

according to Table 3-5. (The synthesized sweeper output power and the analyzer’s reference level will be changed in 10 dB steps.)

5. On the analyzer, press Single and wait for a sweep to ﬁnish. Press

Search, Marker, Delta.

6. For each new synthesized sweeper power level and analyzer reference level change, press the following keys on the analyzer:

Single Search

Record the Analyzer Marker Amplitude reading in Table 3-5.

Analyzer Reference Level

Synthesized Sweeper Amplitude (dBm)

Minimum (dB)

Analyzer Marker ∆ Amplitude (dB)

Maximum (dB)

3-36 Chapter3

Functional Testing

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

Test Limits

Resolution Bandwidth Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

1 kHz 0 (Ref) 0 (Ref) 3 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 10 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 30 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 100 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 300 kHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 1 MHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 3 MHz –0.3 dB 0.3 dB 5 MHz –0.6 dB 0.6 dB

Test Description

To measure the resolution bandwidth switching uncertainty an amplitude reference is taken with the resolution bandwidth set to 1 kHz. The resolution bandwidth is changed to settings between 5 MHz and 3 kHz and the amplitude variation is measured at each setting using the marker delta function and compared to the speciﬁcation. The span is changed as necessary to maintain approximately the same aspect ratio.

Required Equipment

(No Equipment Required.)

Procedure

NOTE The 50 MHz reference output will automatically be switched internally

on the HP E4401B and HP E4411B and will not require any external connections. All other ESA analyzers require that the AMPTD REF OUT be connected to the INPUT to perform this test.

Chapter 3 3-37

Functional Testing

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

1. Press Preset on the analyzer. Wait for the preset routine to ﬁnish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys:

Input, Amptd Ref (f=50 MHz) (On) (HP E4401B and HP E4411B) Input, Amptd Ref Out (f=50 MHz (On) (HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B,

E4405B, E4407B and E4408B)

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz SPAN, 50 kHz AMPLITUDE, –20 dBm Scale/Div, 1 dB More 1 of 2, Amptd Units, dBm (75 Ω Input only) BW/Avg, 1 kHz Video BW Auto Man, 1 kHz

2. Press AMPLITUDE and use the Knob to adjust the reference level until the signal appears ﬁve divisions (mid-screen) below the reference level. Press the following keys on the analyzer:

Table 3-6

Search Marker, Delta FREQUENCY, Signal Track (On)

3. Set the analyzer Resolution Bandwidth and Span according to Table 3-6.

4. Press Search, then record the ∆ Mkr 1 amplitude reading in Table 3-6.

5. Repeat step 3 and 4 for each of the remaining resolution bandwidth and span settings listed in Table 3-6. The ∆ Mkr 1 amplitude reading should be within the range indicated in the Test Limits Table.

Resolution Bandwidth Setting

1 kHz 50 kHz 0 (Ref) 3 kHz 50 kHz 10 kHz 50 kHz 30 kHz 500 kHz

SPAN Setting ∆ Mkr 1 Amplitude Reading

100 kHz 500 kHz 300 kHz 5 MHz 1 MHz 10 MHz

3-38 Chapter3

Table 3-6

Functional Testing

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

Resolution Bandwidth Setting

3 MHz 10 MHz 5 MHz 50 MHz

SPAN Setting ∆ Mkr 1 Amplitude Reading

Chapter 3 3-39

Functional Testing

Scale Fidelity

Test Limits

dB from Reference Level Minimum (dB) Maximum (dB)

–4 –1.0 1.0 –16 –1.40 1.40 –28 –1.40 1.40 –40 –1.40 1.40 –52 –1.40 1.40 –64 –2.0 2.0

Test Description

A 50 MHz CW signal is applied from a synthesized sweeper to the input of the analyzer. The source is adjusted for a response at the reference level. The synthesized sweeper amplitude is adjusted to achieve a nominal amplitude below the reference level. The analyzer’s amplitude marker is compared to the actual source change to determine the scale ﬁdelity error. Most of the error is the output source attenuator inaccuracy from the synthesized sweeper.

3-40 Chapter3

Required Equipment

Functional Testing

Scale Fidelity

Instrument Critical Speciﬁcations

(for this test)

Recommended Model

Signal Sources

Synthesized Sweeper Output Level Accuracy

0 to –15 dBm: ±1.0 dB

HP 8340A/B or 836XX

Series –16 dBm to –63 dBm 1.4 dB ≤ –64 dBm: 2.0 dB

Adapters

(2) Type-N(m), to

1250-1476

BNC (f)

Cables

Type-N,152-cm

HP 11500D

(60-in) BNC,122-cm (48-in) HP 10503A Additional

Equipment for 75 Ω Input

Pad, minimum loss HP 11852B Type-N(f), to BNC

(m)

Figure 3-5

10 MHz

Ref

Input

SYNTHESIZED SWEEPER

RF Output

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

RF Input

ADAPTER

Type-N Cable

10 MHz Ref Output

Procedure

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-5.

1250-1534

wl71a

Chapter 3 3-41

Functional Testing

Scale Fidelity

2. Preset the synthesized sweeper. Set the synthesized sweeper controls as follows:

Power Level, 0 dBm (50 Ω Input) Power Level, 4 dBm (75 Ω Input)

CW, 50 MHz

3. Press ﬁnish. Press

Preset on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to

System, Alignments, Auto Align, Off. Set the analyzer by

pressing the following keys

FREQUENCY, 50 MHz SPAN, 45 kHz AMPLITUDE, Attenuation Auto Man, 10 dB BW/Avg, Resolution BW Auto Man, 3 kHz Video BW, 1 kHz Search

4. Adjust the amplitude on the sythesized sweeper until the marker amplitude on the analyzer reads 0 dBm +/– 0.10 dB. Record the synthesized sweeper output level as the reference in Table 3-7.

NOTE 75 Ω Input only. Adjust the synthesized sweeper amplitude until the

analyzer’s marker reads 48.8 dBmV +/– 0.10 dB.

5. On the analyzer, press the following keys:

Single Search Marker, Delta

6. Record the marker delta reading in Table 3-7. At each new synthesized sweeper power level press marker amplitude level.

Table 3-7 Scale Fidelity

Synthesized Sweeper Level

Reference=______ 0 (Reference) 0 (Reference) Reference –4dB –5.0 –3.0 Reference –16dB –17.40 –15.60 Reference –28dB –29.40 –26.60 Reference –40dB –41.40 –38.60 Reference –52dB –53.40 –50.60 Reference –64dB –66.0 –62.0

Single, Search, and record the

Minimum (dB) Marker Level

(dB)

Maximum (dB)

3-42 Chapter3

Agilent E4401B Users Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Where to Find the Latest Information

1 Preparing for Use and Printing

Initial Inspection

Power Requirements

Checking the Fuse

Power Cable

Preparation

Turning on the Analyzer for the First Time

Printer Setup and Operation

Equipment

Interconnection and Setup

Testing Printer Operation

2 Getting Started

What You’ll Find in this Chapter

Front-Panel Features

Rear-Panel Features

Display Annotation

Key Overview

Making a Measurement

Measurement Summary

File Menu Functions

Format a Floppy Disk

Save a File

Rename a File

Copy a File

Delete a File

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process

Warm-Up Time

Analyzer Battery Information

3 Functional Testing

What You'll Find in This Chapter

What Are the Functional Tests?

Test Descriptions

Displayed Average Noise Level

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure (1 MHz to 500 MHz) HP E4401B and E4411B

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) HP E4401B and E4411B

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) HP E4401B and E4411B

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) HP E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) HP E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) HP E4404B

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) HP E4405B, E4407B, E4408B

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) HP E4405B

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) HP E4407B and E4408B

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) HP E4407B and E4408B

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure

Marker Count Accuracy

Procedure

Frequency Response

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure

Reference Level Accuracy

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Log Mode Procedure

Linear Mode Procedure

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment

Procedure

Scale Fidelity

Test Limits

Test Description

Required Equipment