User’s and Service Guide
Agilent Technologies 85039B 75Ω
Type-F Calibration Kit
Part Number: 85039-90002
Printed in USA
Print Date: March 2003
Supersedes: July 2002
© Copyright 1997, 2002–2003 Agilent Technologies, Inc.
DOCUMENTATION WARRANTY
THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND IS
SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS.
FURTHER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW,
AGILENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH
REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AGILENT
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE
OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD
AGILENT AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH
WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT
CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE
AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL
Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available
for Agilent products.
For any assistance, contact Agilent Technologies. Refer to Table 5-1 on page 5-3.
ii
1. General Information
Calibration Kit Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Incoming Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Recording the Device Serial Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Clarifying the Sex of a Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
2. Specifications
Environmental Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
3. Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
Cleaning Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Using the Adapters in Reflection Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10
Using the Adapters in Reflection/Transmission Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
Contents
4. Performance Verification
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
5. Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
6. Replaceable Parts
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2
A. Standard Definitions
Standard Class Assignments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2
Nominal Standard Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-4
iii
Contents
iv
1 General Information
85039B 1-1
General Information
Calibration Kit Overview
Calibration Kit Overview
The Agilent 85039B Option M0F, Option 00M, and Option 00F type-F calibration kits are
used to calibrate Agilent network analyzers up to 3 GHz for measurements of components
with 75Ω type-F connectors.
CAUTION If you have an Agilent 85039A 75Ω type-F calibration kit, it should be noted
that the parts are not interchangeable with this kit. Interchanging the parts
will invalidate the calibration definitions.
Kit Contents
The 85039B Option M0F calibration kit contains the following:
• one male and one female 75Ω type-F open termination
• one male and one female 75Ω type-F short termination
• one male and one female 75Ω type-F load
•two 75Ω type-F to 75Ω type-F adapters
•two 75Ω type-F to 75Ω type-N adapters
• a data disk that contains the calibration definitions of the devices in the kit
Refer to Table 6-1 on page 6-3 and Figure 6-1 on page 6-2 for a complete list of kit contents
and their associated part numbers.
The 85039B Option 00M calibration kit contains the following:
•one male 75Ω type-F open termination
•one male 75Ω type-F short termination
•one male 75Ω type-F load
•one 75Ω type-F male to 75Ω type-F male adapter
• a data disk that contains the calibration definitions of the devices in the kit
Refer to Table 6-2 on page 6-4 for a complete list of kit contents and their associated part
numbers.
The 85039B Option 00F calibration kit contains the following:
•one female 75Ω type-F open termination
•one female 75Ω type-F short termination
•one female 75Ω type-F load
•one 75Ω type-F female to 75Ω type-F female adapter
• a data disk that contains the calibration definitions of the devices in the kit
Refer to Table 6-3 on page 6-4 for a complete list of kit contents and their associated part
numbers.
1-2 85039B
General Information
Calibration Kit Overview
Broadband Loads
The broadband loads are metrology-grade, 75Ω terminations that have been optimized for
performance up to 3 GHz. The rugged internal structure provides for highly repeatable
connections. A distributed resistive element on ceramic provides excellent stability and
return loss.
Opens and Shorts
The opens and shorts are built from parts that are machined to the current state-of the-art
precision machining.
The short’s inner conductors have a one-piece construction, common with the shorting
plane. This construction provides for extremely repeatable connections.
The female open has a separate-piece inner conductor that is made from a
low-dielectric-constant plastic to minimize compensation values.
Both the opens and shorts are constructed so that the pin depth can be controlled very
tightly, thereby minimizing phase errors. The opens and shorts have offsets. The lengths of
these offsets are designed so that the difference in phase of their reflection coefficients is
approximately 180 degrees at all frequencies.
Adapters
Like the other devices in the kit, the adapters are built to very tight tolerances to provide
good broadband performance.
Calibration Definitions
The calibration kit must be selected and the calibration definitions for the devices in the
kit installed in the network analyzer prior to performing a calibration. Refer to your
network analyzer user’s guide for instructions on selecting the calibration kit and
performing a calibration.
The calibration definitions can be:
• resident within the analyzer
• loaded from the provided disk
• entered from the front panel
Installation of the Calibration Definitions
The calibration definitions for the kit may be permanently installed in the internal
memory or hard disk of the network analyzer.
If the calibration definitions for the kit are not permanently installed in the network
analyzer, they must be manually entered. Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide for
instructions.
85039B 1- 3
General Information
Incoming Inspection
Equipment Required but Not Supplied
Adapters, a cable set, a torque wrench, ESD protective devices, and various connector
cleaning supplies are not included in the calibration kit but are required to ensure
successful operation of the calibration kit. Refer to Table 6-4 on page 6-5 for ordering
information
Incoming Inspection
Verify that the shipment is complete by referring to Figure 6-1 on page 6-2.
Check for damage. The foam-lined storage case provides protection during shipping.
If the case or any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, contact
Agilent. See Table 5-1 on page 5-3. Agilent will arrange for repair or replacement of
incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for a settlement from the
transportation company.
When you send the kit or device to Agilent, include a service tag (found near the end of this
manual) with the following information:
• your company name and address
• the name of a technical contact person within your company, and the person's complete
phone number
• the model number and serial number of the kit
• the part number and serial number of the device
• the type of service required
•a detailed description of the problem
1-4 85039B
General Information
Recording the Device Serial Numbers
Recording the Device Serial Numbers
In addition to the kit serial number, the devices in this kit are individually serialized
(serial numbers are labeled onto the body of each device). Record these serial numbers in
Table 1-1 for the 85039B Option M0F, in Table 1-2 for the Option 00M, and in Table 1-3 for
the Option 00F. Recording the serial numbers will prevent confusing the devices in this kit
with similar devices in other kits.
Table 1-1 Serial Number Record for 85039B Option M0F
Device Serial Number
Calibration kit
Male broadband load
Female broadband load
Male open
Female open
Male short
Female short
Type-F male to male adapter
Type-F- female to female adapter
Type-F- male to female adapter
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Table 1-2 Serial Number Record for 85039B Option 00M
Device Serial Number
Calibration kit
Male broadband load
_______________________________
_______________________________
Male open
Male short
Type-F male to male adapter
85039B 1- 5
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
General Information
Clarifying the Sex of a Connector
Table 1-3 Serial Number Record for 85039B Option 00F
Device Serial Number
Calibration kit
Female broadband load
Female open
Female short
Type-F- female to female adapter
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Clarifying the Sex of a Connector
In this manual, the sex of calibration devices and adapters are referred to in terms of their
connector interface. For example, a male open has a male connector.
However, during a measurement calibration, the network analyzer softkey menus label a
type-F calibration device with reference to the sex of the analyzer’s test port
connector—not the calibration device connector. For example, the label SHORT(F) on the
analyzer’s display refers to the short that is to be connected to the female test port. This
will be a male short from the calibration kit.
Preventive Maintenance
The best techniques for maintaining the integrity of the devices in this kit include:
• routine visual inspection
•cleaning
• proper gaging
• proper connection techniques
All of the above are described in Chapter 3 , “Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices.”
Failure to detect and remove dirt or metallic particles on a mating plane surface can
degrade repeatability and accuracy and can damage any connector mated to it. Improper
connections, resulting from pin depth values being out of the limits (see Table 2-2 on page
2-3), or from bad connections, can also damage these devices.
1-6 85039B
2 Specifications
85039B 2-1
Specifications
Environmental Requirements
Environmental Requirements
Table 2-1 Environmental Requirements
Parameter Limits
a
Operating Temperature
+15 °C to +35 °C (+59 °F to +95 °F)
Error-Corrected
Temperature Range
Storage Temperature −40 °C to +75 °C (−40 °F to +167 °F)
Altitude:
Operation < 4,500 meters (≈15,000 feet)
Storage < 15,000 meters (≈50,000 feet)
Relative Humidity Always non-Condensing
Operation 0 to 80% (26 °C maximum dry bulb)
Storage 0 to 95%
a. The temperature range over which the calibration standards maintain
conformance to their specifications.
b. The allowable network analyzer ambient temperature drift during
measurement calibration and during measurements when the network
analyzer error correction is turned on. Also, the range over which the
network analyzer maintains its specified performance while correction
is turned on.
b
±1 °C of measurement calibration temperature
Temperature—What to Watch Out For
Changes in temperature can affect electrical characteristics. Therefore, the operating
temperature is a critical factor in performance. During a measurement calibration, the
temperature of the calibration devices must be stable and within the range specified in
Table 2-1.
IMPORTANT Avoid unnecessary handling of the devices during calibration because your
fingers are a heat source.
2-2 85039B
Specifications
Mechanical Characteristics
Mechanical Characteristics
The mechanical characteristics in Table 2-2 apply to the devices in the 85039B 75Ω type-F
calibration kit.
Table 2-2 Mechanical Characteristics
75Ω Device Characteristics
All type-F adapters Pin depth: 0.0 to 0.1 mm (0.0 in to 0.004 in)
All type-N male connectors Pin depth: 5.26 to 5.36 mm (0.207 in to 0.211 in)
All type-N female connectors Pin depth: 5.18 to 5.26 mm (0.204 in to 0.207 in)
Electrical Specifications
The electrical specifications in Table 2-3 apply to the devices in the 85039B 75Ω type-F
calibration kit when connected with an Agilent precision interface.
NOTE The following specifications for female devices assumes a 0.77 mm to 0.86 mm
(0.030 in to 0.034 in) diameter male pin. For calibration kit certification of
female devices a 0.81 mm (0.032 in) diameter male pin will be used.
Table 2-3 Electrical Specifications
75Ω Type-F Device Specification Frequency
Male Load, Female Load: Return Loss ≥ 45 dB (ρ ≤ 0.006)
Return Loss ≥ 38 dB (ρ ≤ 0.013)
a
Male Short
Male Open
Adapters:
Type-F to Type-F Return Loss ≥ 40 dB (ρ ≤ 0.013)
Type-N to Type-F Return Loss ≥ 38 dB (ρ ≤ 0.013)
, Female Short:
a
, Female Open:
±0.60° from nominal
±1.00° from nominal
±0.55° from nominal
±1.30° from nominal
Return Loss ≥ 32 dB (ρ ≤ 0.025)
Return Loss ≥ 32 dB (ρ ≤ 0.025)
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
a. The specifications for the open and short are given as allowed deviation
from the nominal model as defined in the standard definitions. See Table
2-3.
85039B 2- 3
Specifications
Electrical Specifications
System Performance
The specifications for the system performance are calculated from the electrical
measurement data. The system performance of the devices over the pin diameter range are
not measured as part of the calibration kit certification, but are guaranteed by design.
Only the specifications in Table 2-4 are measured for calibration kit certification.
Table 2-4 System Specifications
Pin Diameter Directivity Source Match Refl.
Tracking
0.77 mm (0.030 in) to
0.86 mm (0.034in):
0.56 mm (0.022 in) to
1.07 mm (0.042 in):
−45 dB
−38 dB
−40 dB
−30 dB
−40 dB
−30 dB
−38 dB
−27 dB
±0.06 dB
±0.24 dB
±0.09 dB
±0.27 dB
Frequency
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
dc to ≤ 1 GHz
> 1 to ≤ 3 GHz
Certification
Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time
of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements
are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
to the extent allowed by the institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities
of other International Standards Organization members. See “How Agilent Verifies the
Devices in This Kit” on page 4-2 for more information.
2-4 85039B
3 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the
Devices
85039B 3-1
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge
Protection against ESD (electrostatic discharge) is essential while connecting, inspecting,
or cleaning connectors attached to a static-sensitive circuit (such as those found in test
sets).
Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive internal
circuit elements when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause
permanent damage. Devices such as calibration components and devices under test
(DUTs), can also carry an electrostatic charge. To prevent damage to the test set,
components, and devices:
• always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MΩ resistor in series with it when
handling components and devices or when making connections to the test set.
• always use a grounded, conductive table mat while making connections.
• always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor. If you are
uncertain about the conductivity of your floor, wear a heel strap.
• always ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to a
static-sensitive device or test port. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell
of the test port or cable connector briefly.
• always ground the center conductor of a test cable before making a connection to the
analyzer test port or other static-sensitive device. This can be done as follows:
1. Connect a short (from your calibration kit) to one end of the cable to short the center
conductor to the outer conductor.
2. While wearing a grounded wrist strap, grasp the outer shell of the cable connector.
3. Connect the other end of the cable to the test port.
4. Remove the short from the cable.
Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts,” for part numbers and instructions for ordering
ESD protective devices.
Figure 3-1 ESD Protection Setup
3-2 85039B
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Visual Inspection
Visual Inspection
Visual inspection and, if necessary, cleaning should be done every time a connection is
made. Metal particles from the connector threads may fall into the connector when it is
disconnected. One connection made with a dirty or damaged connector can damage both
connectors beyond repair.
In some cases, magnification is necessary to see damage on a connector; a magnifying
device with a magnification of ≥10× is recommended. However, not all defects that are
visible only under magnification will affect the electrical performance of the connector. Use
the following guidelines when evaluating the integrity of a connector.
Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First
Examine the connectors first for obvious defects and damage: badly worn plating on the
connector interface, deformed threads, or bent, broken, or misaligned center conductors.
Connector nuts should move smoothly and be free of burrs, loose metal particles, and
rough spots.
What Causes Connector Wear?
Connector wear is caused by connecting and disconnecting the devices. The more use a
connector gets, the faster it wears and degrades. The wear is greatly accelerated when
connectors are not kept clean, or are connected incorrectly.
Connector wear eventually degrades performance of the device. Calibration devices should
have a long life if their use is on the order of a few times per week. Replace devices with
worn connectors.
The test port connectors on the network analyzer test set may have many connections each
day, and are therefore more subject to wear. It is recommended that an adapter be used as
a test port saver to minimize the wear on the test set’s test port connectors.
Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces
Flat contact between the connectors at all points on their mating plane surfaces is required
for a good connection. Look especially for deep scratches or dents, and for dirt and metal
particles on the connector mating plane surfaces. Also look for signs of damage due to
excessive or uneven wear or misalignment.
Light burnishing of the mating plane surfaces is normal, and is evident as light scratches
or shallow circular marks distributed more or less uniformly over the mating plane
surface. Other small defects and cosmetic imperfections are also normal. None of these
affect electrical or mechanical performance.
If a connector shows deep scratches or dents, particles clinging to the mating plane
surfaces, or uneven wear, clean and inspect it again. Devices with damaged connectors
should be discarded. Determine the cause of damage before connecting a new, undamaged
connector in the same configuration.
85039B 3- 3
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Cleaning Connectors
Inspect the Precision Slotless Connectors (female)
Precision slotless female connectors are used to improve accuracy. The slotless contacts are
not affected by the slight variations in male contact pin diameter. However, it is still
advisable to inspect them regularly for damage.
NOTE Inspection is particularly important when mating nonprecision to precision
devices.
Cleaning Connectors
Clean connectors are essential for ensuring the integrity of RF and microwave coaxial
connections.
1. Use Compressed Air or Nitrogen
WARNING Always use protective eyewear when using compressed air or
nitrogen.
Use compressed air (or nitrogen) to loosen particles on the connector mating plane
surfaces.
You can use any source of clean, dry, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen that has
an effective oil-vapor filter and liquid condensation trap placed just before the outlet
hose.
Ground the hose nozzle to prevent electrostatic discharge, and set the air pressure to
less than 414 kPa (60 psi) to control the velocity of the air stream. High-velocity streams
of compressed air can cause electrostatic effects when directed into a connector. These
electrostatic effects can damage the device. Refer to “Electrostatic Discharge,” earlier in
this chapter for additional information.
2. Clean the Connector Threads
WARNING Keep isopropyl alcohol away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a
tightly closed container. It is extremely flammable. In case of fire, use
alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; water may be
ineffective.
Use isopropyl alcohol with adequate ventilation and avoid contact
with eyes, skin, and clothing. It causes skin irritation, may cause eye
damage, and is harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It may be harmful if
absorbed through the skin. Wash thoroughly after handling.
In case of spill, soak up with sand or earth. Flush spill area with
water.
Dispose of isopropyl alcohol in accordance with all applicable
federal, state, and local environmental regulations.
3-4 85039B
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Cleaning Connectors
Use a lint-free swab or cleaning cloth moistened with isopropyl alcohol to remove any
dirt or stubborn contaminants on a connector that cannot be removed with compressed
air or nitrogen. Refer to Table 6-4 on page 6-5 for part numbers for isopropyl alcohol and
cleaning swabs.
a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint-free cleaning swab.
b. Clean the connector threads.
c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the threads dry with a gentle stream of clean,
low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before
you reassemble or use it.
3. Clean the Mating Plane Surfaces
a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint-free cleaning swab.
b. Clean the center and outer conductor mating plane surfaces. When cleaning a female
connector, avoid snagging the swab on the center conductor contact fingers by using
short strokes.
c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of clean,
low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before
you reassemble or use it.
4. Reinspect
Inspect the connector again to make sure that no particles or residue are present.
85039B 3- 5
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
Connections
Good connections require a skilled operator. The most common cause of measurement error
is bad connections. The following procedures illustrate how to make good connections.
CAUTION Many type-F “feedthrough” connectors use the cable center conductor as the
male pin. These cable center conductors often exceed the 1.07 mm (0.042 in)
maximum pin specification and will destroy the calibration kit female
standards. Damage will also occur to the female standards if the pins of the
“feedthrough” connectors are not properly dressed.
CAUTION Never mate a 50 ohm connector with a 75 ohm connector. The larger center
pin of a male 50 ohm connector will destroy the contact fingers of a female
75 ohm connector.
How to Make a Connection
Preliminary Connection
1. Ground yourself and all devices. Wear a grounded wrist strap and work on a grounded,
conductive table mat. Refer to “Electrostatic Discharge” on page 3-2 for ESD
precautions.
2. Visually inspect the connectors. Refer to “Visual Inspection” on page 3-3.
3. If necessary, clean the connectors. Refer to “Cleaning Connectors” on page 3-4.
4. Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically
into the contact finger of the female connector.
5. Push the connectors straight together.
CAUTION Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the
center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.
Do not twist or screw the connectors together. As the center conductors mate, there is
usually a slight resistance.
6. The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make
uniform, light contact. Do not overtighten this connection.
A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both
mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.
7. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the
connection from long or heavy devices or cables.
3-6 85039B
Figure 3-2 Female Connectors
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench
1. Use a torque wrench to make a final connection. Table 3-1 provides information about
the torque wrench recommended for use with this calibration kit. A torque wrench is
not included in the calibration kit. Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts,” for part
number and ordering information.
Table 3 - 1 Torq ue Wr en ch Information
Connector Type Torque Setting Torque Tolerance
Type-F 168 N-cm (15 in-lb) ±16.8 N-cm (±1.5 in-lb)
85039B 3- 7
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
Using a torque wrench guarantees that the connection is not too tight, preventing
possible connector damage. It also guarantees that all connections are equally tight
each time.
2. Prevent the rotation of anything other than the connector nut that you are tightening.
It may be possible to do this by hand if one of the connectors is fixed (as on a test port).
In all situations, however, it is recommended that you use an open-end wrench to keep
the body of the device from turning. Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts,” for part
number and ordering information.
3. Position both wrenches within 90 degrees of each other before applying force. See
Figure 3-3. Wrenches opposing each other (greater than 90 degrees apart) will cause a
lifting action which can misalign and stress the connections of the devices involved.
This is especially true when several devices are connected together.
Figure 3-3 Wrench Positions
3-8 85039B
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
4. Hold the torque wrench lightly, at the end of the handle only (beyond the groove). See
Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Using the Torque Wrench
5. Apply downward force perpendicular to the wrench handle. See Figure 3-4. This applies
torque to the connection through the wrench.
Do not hold the wrench so tightly that you push the handle straight down along its
length rather than pivoting it, otherwise you apply an unknown amount of torque.
6. Tighten the connection just to the torque wrench break point. The wrench handle gives
way at its internal pivot point. See Figure 3-4. Do not tighten the connection further.
CAUTION You don’t have to fully break the handle of the torque wrench to reach the
specified torque; doing so can cause the handle to kick back and loosen the
connection. Any give at all in the handle is sufficient torque.
Do not pivot the wrench handle on your thumb or other fingers, otherwise you apply an
unknown amount of torque to the connection when the wrench reaches its break point.
Do not twist the head of the wrench relative to the outer conductor mating plane. If you
do, you apply more than the recommended torque.
How to Separate a Connection
To avoid lateral (bending) force on the connector mating plane surfaces, always support the
devices and connections.
CAUTION Turn the connector nut, not the device body. Major damage to the center
conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.
1. Use an open-end wrench to prevent the device body from turning.
2. Use another open-end wrench to loosen the connector nut.
3. Complete the separation by hand, turning only the connector nut.
4. Pull the connectors straight apart without twisting, rocking, or bending either of the
connectors.
85039B 3- 9
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Using the Adapters in Reflection Measurements
Using the Adapters in Reflection Measurements
To calibrate for reflection measurements, connect the adapters to the instrument’s test
port as shown in Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5 Adapter Configuration for a Reflection Measurement
Perform a one-port calibration using the open, short, and load in this kit.
When the calibration is completed, the effective test port will be at the end of the type-F
adapter. See Figure 3-5. Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide for instructions on
performing a one-port calibration.
3-10 85039B
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Using the Adapters in Reflection/Transmission Measurements
Using the Adapters in Reflection/Transmission
Measurements
To calibrate for reflection and transmission measurements, connect the adapters and test
port cable to the instrument’s test ports as shown in Figure 3-6.
Figure 3-6 Adapter Configuration for a Reflection/Transmission Measurement
Perform a two-port calibration while incorporating the following instructions. Refer to your
network analyzer user’s guide for instructions on performing a two-port calibration.
1. Do the reflection portion of the calibration with the type-F adapters connected as shown
in Figure 3-6.
2. Do the transmission portion of the calibration by connecting the type-F male and female
ports together.
3. If you choose to do the isolation portion of the calibration, connect the male
terminations to the female test port. The match of the terminations for this part of the
calibration does not have to be ideal; a return loss of 20 dB or greater will be sufficient.
The instrument is now calibrated with the effective test ports at the ends of the type-F
adapters.
85039B 3- 11
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Handling and Storage
Handling and Storage
• Install the protective end caps and store the calibration devices in the foam-lined
storage case when not in use.
• Never store connectors loose in a box, desk, or bench drawer. This is the most common
cause of connector damage during storage.
• Keep connectors clean.
• Do not touch mating plane surfaces. Natural skin oils and microscopic particles of dirt
are easily transferred to a connector interface and are very difficult to remove.
• Do not set connectors contact-end down on a hard surface. The plating and the mating
plane surfaces can be damaged if the interface comes in contact with any hard surface.
3-12 85039B
4 Performance Verification
85039B 4-1
Performance Verification
Introduction
Introduction
The performance of your calibration kit can only be verified by returning the kit to Agilent
Technologies for recertification. The equipment required to verify the specifications of the
devices in the kit has been specially manufactured and is not commercially available.
How Agilent Verifies the Devices in This Kit
Agilent verifies the specifications of these devices as follows:
1. The residual microwave error terms of the test system are verified with precision
airlines and shorts that are directly traced to NIST (National Institute of Standards
and Technology). The airline and short characteristics are developed from mechanical
measurements. The mechanical measurements and material properties are carefully
modeled to give very accurate electrical representation. The mechanical measurements
are then traced to NIST through various plug and ring gages and other mechanical
measurements.
2. Each calibration device is electrically tested on this system. For the initial (before sale)
testing of the calibration devices, Agilent includes the test measurement uncertainty as
a guardband to guarantee each device meets the published specification. For
recertifications (after sale), no guardband is used and the measured data is compared
directly with the specification to determine the pass or fail status. The measurement
uncertainty for each device is, however, recorded in the calibration report that
accompanies recertified kits.
These two steps establish a traceable link to NIST for Agilent to the extent allowed by the
institute’s calibration facility. The specifications data provided for the devices in this kit is
traceable to NIST through Agilent Technologies.
4-2 85039B
Performance Verification
Recertification
Recertification
The following will be provided with a recertified kit:
• a new calibration sticker affixed to the case
• a certificate of calibration
• a calibration report for each device in the kit listing measured values, specifications,
and uncertainties
NOTE A list of NIST traceable numbers may be purchased upon request to be
included in the calibration report.
Agilent Technologies offers a Standard calibration for the recertification of this kit. For
more information, contact Agilent Technologies. See Table 5-1 on page 5-3.
How Often to Recertify
The suggested initial interval for recertification is 12 months or sooner. The actual need for
recertification depends on the use of the kit. After reviewing the results of the initial
recertification, you may establish a different recertification interval that reflects the usage
and wear of the kit.
NOTE The recertification interval should begin on the date the kit is first used after
the recertification date.
Where to Send a Kit for Recertification
Contact Agilent Technologies for information on where to send your kit for recertification.
See Table 5-1 on page 5-3.
When you return the kit, complete and attach a service tag. Refer to “Returning a Kit or
Device to Agilent” on page 5-3 for details.
85039B 4- 3
Performance Verification
Recertification
4-4 85039B
5 Troubleshooting
85039B 5-1
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process
Troubleshooting Process
If you suspect a bad calibration, or if your network analyzer does not pass performance
verification, follow the steps in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1 Troubleshooting Flowchart
5-2 85039B
Troubleshooting
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent
If your kit or device requires service, contact the Agilent Technologies office nearest you for
information on where to send it. See Table 5-1. Include a service tag (located near the end
of this manual) on which you provide the following information:
• your company name and address
• a technical contact person within your company, and the person's complete phone
number
• the model number and serial number of the kit
• the part number and serial number of each device
• the type of service required
•a detailed description of the problem and how the device was being used when the
problem occurred (such as calibration or measurement)
Table 5 - 1 Contacting Agilent
Online assistance: www.agilent.com/find/assist
United States
(tel) 1 800 452 4844
New Zealand
(tel) 0 800 738 378
(fax) (+64) 4 495 8950
Malaysia
(tel) 1 800 828 848
(fax) 1 800 801 664
Taiwan
(tel) 0800-047-866
(fax) (886) 2 25456723
Latin America
(tel) (305) 269 7500
(fax) (305) 269 7599
Japan
(tel) (+81) 426 56 7832
(fax) (+81) 426 56 7840
Philippines
(tel) (632) 8426802
(tel) (PLDT subscriber
only):
1 800 16510170
(fax) (632) 8426809
(fax) (PLDT subscriber
only):
1 800 16510288
People’s Republic of
China
(tel) (preferred):
800-810-0189
(tel) (alternate):
10800-650-0021
(fax) 10800-650-0121
Canada
(tel) 1 877 894 4414
(fax) (905) 282-6495
Australia
(tel) 1 800 629 485
(fax) (+61) 3 9210 5947
Thailand
(tel) outside Bangkok:
(088) 226 008
(tel) within Bangkok:
(662) 661 3999
(fax) (66) 1 661 3714
India
(tel) 1-600-11-2929
(fax) 000-800-650-1101
Europe
(tel) (+31) 20 547 2323
(fax) (+31) 20 547 2390
Singapore
(tel) 1 800 375 8100
(fax) (65) 836 0252
Hong Kong
(tel) 800 930 871
(fax) (852) 2506 9233
85039B 5- 3
Troubleshooting
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent
5-4 85039B
6 Replaceable Parts
85039B 6-1
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Introduction
Table 6-1 lists the replacement part numbers for items included in the 85039B Option M0F
calibration kit and Figure 6-1 illustrates each of these items.
Table 6-2 lists the replacement part numbers for items included in the 85039B Option 00M
calibration kit.
Table 6-3 lists the replacement part numbers for items included in the 85039B Option 00F
calibration kit.
Table 6-4 lists the replacement part numbers for items recommended or required for
successful operation but not included in the calibration kits.
To order a listed part, note the description, the part number, and the quantity desired.
Telephone or send your order to Agilent Technologies. See Table 5-1 on page 5-3.
Figure 6-1 Replaceable Parts for the 85039B Option M0F Calibration Kit
6-2 85039B
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Table 6-1 Replaceable Parts for the 85039B Option M0F Calibration Kit
Item No. Description Qty Per Kit Agilent
Replacement Part
Number
Calibration Devices
a
175Ω Type-F Male Load 1 85039-60007
275Ω Type-F Male Short 1 85039-60008
375Ω Type-F Male Open 1 85039-60009
475Ω Type-F Female Load 1 85039-60004
575Ω Type-F Female Short 1 85039-60003
675Ω Type-F Female Open 1 85039-60005
Adapters
a
775Ω Type-F Male to Type-F Male 1 85039-60006
875Ω Type-F Female to Type-F Female 1 85039-60002
975Ω Type-F Female to Type-N Male 1 85039-60013
10 75Ω Type-F Male to Type-N Female 1 85039-60011
Protective End Caps for Connectors
11 For Type-F Female as required 1401-0208
12 For Type-F Male as required 1401-0285
13 For Type-N Female as required 1401-0225
14 For Type-N Male as required 1401-0214
Calibration Kit Storage Case
15 Disk Holder 1 5180-8491
16 Foam Pad (top) 1 85039-80005
17 Foam Pad (bottom) 1 85039-80005
18 Box (without foam pads) 1 5180-7862
Miscellaneous Items
19 12 mm open-end wrench 1 8710-1841
20 Calibration Definitions Disk 1 85039-10002
21 User's and Service Guide 1 85039-90002
a. See “Clarifying the Sex of a Connector” on page 1-6.
85039B 6- 3
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Table 6-2 Replaceable Parts for the 85039B Option 00M Calibration Kit
Item No. Device Qty per kit Agilent
Replacement
Part Number
Calibration Devices
a
175Ω Type-F Male Load 1 85039-60007
275Ω Type-F Male Short 1 85039-60008
375Ω Type-F Male Open 1 85039-60009
Adapters
a
775Ω Type-F Male to Type-F Male 1 85039-60006
Additional Items
19 12 mm open-end wrench 1 8710-1841
20 Calibration Definitions Disk 1 85039-10002
21 User’s and Service Guide 1 85039-90002
a. See “Clarifying the Sex of a Connector” on page 1-6.
Table 6-3 Replaceable Parts for the 85039B Option 00F Calibration Kit
Item No. Device Qty per kit Agilent
Replacement
Part Number
Calibration Devices
a
475Ω Type-F Female Load 1 85039-60004
575Ω Type-F Female Short 1 85039-60003
675Ω Type-F Female Open 1 85039-60005
Adapters
a
875Ω Type-F Female to Type-F Female 1 85039-60002
Additional Items
19 12 mm open-end wrench 1 8710-1841
20 Calibration Definitions Disk 1 85039-10002
21 User’s and Service Guide 1 85039-90002
a. See “Clarifying the Sex of a Connector” on page 1-6.
6-4 85039B
Table 6-4 Items Not Included in the 85039B Calibration Kits
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Description
a
Qty Per Kit Agilent
Replacement Part
Number
75Ω Type-F Test Port Cable Set 11857F
Isopropyl Alcohol (30 ml) 8500-5344
Cleaning Swabs (100) 9301-1243
Grounding Wrist Strap 9300-1367
5 ft. Grounding Cord for Wrist Strap 9300-0980
2 × 4 ft. Conductive Table Mat and 15
9300-0797
ft. Ground Wire
ESD Heel Strap (for conductive floors) 9300-1126
Torque Wrench 8710-2687
75Ω Type-F Male to Type-N Male
85039-60010
Adapter
75Ω Type-F Male to Type-F Female
85039-60012
Adapter
75Ω Type-F Female to Type-N Female
85039-60014
Adapter
a. See “Clarifying the Sex of a Connector” on page 1-6.
85039B 6- 5
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
6-6 85039B
A Standard Definitions
85039B
A-1
Standard Definitions
Standard Class Assignments
Standard Class Assignments
Class assignment organizes calibration standards into a format compatible with the error
models used in the measurement calibration. A class or group of classes corresponds to the
systematic errors to be removed from the measured network analyzer response. Table A-1
lists the classes of the devices in this calibration kit.
Table A-1 Standard Class Assignments
Calibration Kit Label: F 75 Ω
Class A B C D E F G Standard Class Label
S11A
S11B
S11C
S22A
S22B
S22C
Forward Transmission 4 Thru
Reverse Transmission 4 Thru
Forward Match 4 Thru
Reverse Match 4 Thru
Response 1 2 4 Response
Response and Isolation 1 2 4 Response & Isolation
2Opens
1Shorts
3Load
2Opens
1Shorts
3Load
A-2 85039B
Standard Definitions
Standard Class Assignments
Blank Form
The standard class assignments listed in Table A-1 may be changed to meet your specific
requirements. Table A-2 is provided to record the modified standard class assignments.
Table A-2 Standard Class Assignments Blank Form
Calibration Kit Label: ______________
Class A B C D E F G Standard Class
Label
S11A
S
B
11
S
C
11
S
A
22
S
B
22
S
C
22
Forward Transmission
Reverse Transmission
Forward Match
Reverse Match
Response
Response and Isolation
85039B A- 3
Standard Definitions
Nominal Standard Definitions
Nominal Standard Definitions
Standard definitions provide the constants needed to mathematically model the electrical
characteristics (delay, attenuation, and impedance) of each calibration standard. The
nominal values of these constants are theoretically derived from the physical dimensions
and material of each calibration standard, or from actual measured response. These values
are used to determine the measurement uncertainties of the network analyzer. The
standard definitions in Table A-3 list typical calibration kit parameters used to specify the
mathematical model of each device. This information must be loaded into the network
analyzer to perform valid calibrations. Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide for
instructions on loading calibration constants.
NOTE The values in the standard definitions table are valid only over the specified
operating temperature range.
Setting the System Impedance
This kit contains only 75 ohm devices. Ensure the system impedance (Z0) is set to 75 ohms.
Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide for instructions on setting system impedance.
Table A-3 Standard Definitions
System Z
Standard
Number
1
2
3
4
5
a
= 75 Ω
0
b
F
15
−
10
×
Type
Short 57.0p 75 1.80G 0999Coax
Open 42.945 98.367 706.93 −114.957 53.6p 75 1.64G 0999Coax
Load Fixed 0751.13G 0999Coax Broad-
Delay/
Thru
C0
27
−
F/Hz
10
×
C1
2
36
−
F/Hz
10
×
C2
3
45
−
F/Hz
10
×
C3
Calibration Kit Label: F 75 Ω
c
Fixed or Sliding
Offset Freq
Ω
Delay (ps)
0751.13G 0999Coax Thru
0
Z
Coax or Waveguide
d
Standard Label
Short (m)
Open (m)
band
d
d
(GHz)
/s)
Ω
Loss (
Min
Max
6
7
8
Ensure system impedance (Z0) of network analyzer is set to this value.
a.
b. Open, short, load, delay/thru, or arbitrary impedance.
c. Load or arbitrary impedance only.
d. Standard labels that specify sex, (m) or (f), refer to the sex of the analyzer’s test port connector.
A-4 85039B
Standard Definitions
Nominal Standard Definitions
Blank Form
The standard definitions listed in Table A-3 may be changed to meet your specific
requirements. Table A-4 is provided to record the modified standard definitions.
Table A-4 Standard Definitions Blank Form
System Z
Standard
Number
Type
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
a
= ______________
0
b
F
15
−
10
×
C0
27
−
F/Hz
10
×
C1
2
36
−
F/Hz
10
×
C2
Calibration Kit Label: ____________________
c
3
F/Hz
45
−
10
×
C3
Fixed or Sliding
Delay (ps)
Offset Freq
(GHz)
/s)
Ω
Ω
0
Z
Loss (G
Min
Max
d
Coax or Waveguide
Standard Label
a. Ensure system Z0 of network analyzer is set to this value.
b. Open, short, load, delay/thru, or arbitrary impedance.
c. Load or arbitrary impedance only.
d. Standard labels that specify sex, (m) or (f), refer to the sex of the analyzer’s test port connector.
85039B A- 5
Standard Definitions
Nominal Standard Definitions
A-6 85039B
Index
A
adapters
use of, 3-10, 3-11
alcohol
isopropyl
B
blank form
standard class assignments
standard definitions, A-5
broadband loads, 1-3
C
cal kit
contents
Option 00F, 1-2
Option 00M, 1-2
Option M0F, 1-2
overview, 1-2
return to Agilent, 5-3
serial number, 1-5
calibration
bad
certificate of, 4-2
constants, 1-3
standards, 2-4
temperature, 2-2
calibration constants
entering, 1-3
permanently stored, 1-3
calibration definitions, 1-3
calibration kit
overview, 1-2
return to Agilent, 5-3
serial number, 1-5
calibration report, 4-2
calibration sticker, 4-3
certificate of calibration, 4-2
certification
specifications
characteristics
mechanical
class assignment
standard
class assignments
blank form
cleaning connectors, 3-4
cleaning supplies, 1-4
compressed air or nitrogen, 3-4
connections, 3-2, 3-6, 3-9
cautions in making, 3-6
disconnecting, 3-9
ESD concerns, 3-6
final, 3-7
how to make, 3-6
preliminary, 3-6
undoing, 3-9
, 1-3
as cleaning solvent
, 3-4
, 1-2
, 5-2
permanently stored, 1-3
, 2-4
, 2-3
, A-2
, A-3
, A-3
using a torque wrench, 3-7
connector
cleaning
damage, 3-3
female, 3-4
life, 3-3
mating plane, 3-5
precision slotless (female), 3-4
sex, 1-6
threads, 3-4
visual inspection, 3-3
wear, 3-3
constants
calibration, 1-3
entering, 1-3
permanently stored, 1-3
contacting Agilent Technologies, 5-3
contents
kit
D
damage
shipment
to connectors, 3-3
damaged connectors, 3-3
data, recertification, 4-2
defective connectors, 3-3
definitions
standard, A-4
device
connecting
disconnecting, 3-9
handling, 3-12
maintenance, 1-6
return to Agilent, 5-3
storage, 3-12
temperature, 2-2
visual inspection, 3-3
devices
how Agilent verifies, 4-2
serial numbers, 1-5
disconnections, 3-9
documentation warranty, ii
E
electrical specifications
electrostatic discharge, 3-2
when making connections, 3-6
equipment
required, 1-4
but not supplied, 1-4, 6-2
supplied, 1-2, 6-2
ESD, 3-2
precautions, 3-2, 3-4
when making connections, 3-6
F
frequency
specifications
, 3-4
, 1-2
, 1-4
, 3-6
, 2-3
, 2-4
85039B
Index-1
Index
G
gages
, 1-4
H
handling
I
impedance
system
incoming inspection, 1-4
inspection
damage, 3-3
defects, 3-3
incoming, 1-4
mating plane, 3-3
visual, 3-3
isopropyl alcohol
as cleaning solvent
K
kit
contents
overview, 1-2
return to Agilent, 5-3
serial number, 1-5
L
label
calibration
loads
broadband, 1-3
M
maintenance
preventive, 1-6
maintenance of devices, 1-6
making connections, 3-6
mating plane
connector
mating plane inspection, 3-3
mating plane surfaces, 3-5
measurements
reflection
transmission, 3-11
mechanical characteristics, 2-3
N
nitrogen
nominal standard definitions, A-4
numbers
serial
O
offices
sales and service
open-end wrench, 1-4, 3-9
opens, 1-3
, 3-12
, A-4
, 3-4
, 1-2
, 4-3
, 3-2
, 3-5
, 3-10, 3-11
, 3-4
, 1-5
recording, 1-5
, 5-3
opens and shorts, 1-3
Option 00F, 1-2, 6-4
Option 00M, 1-2, 6-4
Option M0F, 1-2, 6-3
ordering parts, 6-1, 6-2
P
part numbers
parts
ordering
replaceable, 6-2
required but not supplied, 6-2
parts, replacing, 6-1
performance verification, 4-2
fail, 5-2
permanently stored calibration definitions, 1-3
precision slotless connectors, 3-4
preventive maintenance, 1-6
R
recertification
how often?, 4-3
interval, 4-3
what’s included, 4-3
where to send your kit, 4-3
reflection measurements, 3-10, 3-11
regulations
environmental, 3-5
replaceable parts, 6-1, 6-2
requirements
environmental, 2-2
return loss
specifications
return, kit or device, 5-3
S
sales
and service offices
sales and service offices, 5-3
serial numbers, 1-5
devices, 1-5
recording, 1-5
service, 5-2
and sales offices, 5-3
service tag, 1-4, 4-3, 5-3
sex
connector
shipment
damage, 1-4
verifying complete, 1-4
shorts, 1-3
specifications, 2-2
certification, 2-4
electrical, 2-3
environmental, 2-2
frequency, 2-4
return loss, 2-4
temperature, 2-2
verifying, 4-2
standard class assignments, A-2
, 6-1, 6-2
, 6-2
, 4-3
, 2-4
, 5-3
, 1-6
Index-2
85039B
Index
blank form
standard definitions, A-4, A-5
blank form, A-5
nominal, A-4
standards
calibration
NIST, 2-4, 4-3
static discharge, 3-2
sticker
calibration
storage, 3-12
supplies
cleaning
system impedance
setting, A-4
T
tag
service
temperature
calibration
device, 2-2
error-corrected temperature range, 2-2
measurement, 2-2
verification and measurement, 2-2
test data, 4-2
threads
connector, 3-4
torque wrench, 1-4, 3-7
specifications, 3-7
traceability, 4-2
transmission measurements, 3-11
troubleshooting, 5-2
, A-3
, 2-4
, 4-3
, 1-4
, 1-4, 4-3, 5-3
, 2-2
V
verification
performance
temperature, 2-2
visual inspection, 3-3
W
warranty, documentation
wrench
open-end, 1-4, 3-9
undoing connections, 3-9
torque, 1-4
, 4-2
, ii
85039B
Index-3
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