User’s and Service Guide
Agilent Technologies 85032F
Type-N 50 Ω Calibration Kit
Agilent Part Number: 85032-90021
Printed in USA
Print Date: December 2006
Supersedes: August 2005
© Copyright 2000, 2002, 2004-2006 Agilent Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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ii 85032F
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85032F iii
iv 85032F
Contents
1 General Information
Calibration Kit Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Broadband Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Offset Opens and Shorts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Calibration Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Installation of the Calibration Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Equipment Required but Not Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Incoming Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Recording the Device Serial Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
2 Specifications
Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Temperature—What to Watch Out For . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Pin Depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
3 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
What Causes Connector Wear?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
Inspect Female Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Cleaning Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
Gaging Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Connector Gage Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
When to Gage Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
Reading the Connector Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
Gaging Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Gaging Type-N Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
How to Make a Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Preliminary Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
How to Separate a Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13
Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14
4 Performance Verification
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
How Agilent Verifies the Devices in This Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
Recertification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
How Often to Recertify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
Where to Send a Kit for Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
85032F Contents-v
Contents
5 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Where to Look for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Contacting Agilent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
6 Replaceable Parts
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
A Standard Definitions
Class Assignments and Standard Definitions Values are Available on the Web. . . . . . . . . .A-2
Contents-vi 85032F
1 General Information
1-1
General Information
Calibration Kit Overview
Calibration Kit Overview
The Agilent 85032F type-N 50 Ω calibration kit is used to calibrate Agilent network
analyzer systems for measurements of components with type-N connectors up to 9 GHz.
The standards in this calibration kit allow you to perform simple 1- or 2-port calibrations.
This manual describes the 85032F calibration kit and provides replacement part numbers,
specifications, and procedures for using, maintaining and troubleshooting the kit.
NOTE
This manual assumes you practice proper connector care. For information,
refer to Chapter 3,“Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices.” Also refer to
the “Connector Care – Quick Reference Card,” located in the back of this
manual.
Kit Contents
The 85032F type-N calibration kit contains the following:
• offset opens and shorts, and broadband load terminations with both male and female
connectors
• a disk that contains the calibration definitions of the devices in the kit for 872x and
875x VNA systems
Broadband Loads
The broadband loads are metrology-grade, 50 Ω terminations that have been optimized for
performance up to 9 GHz. The rugged internal structure provides for highly repeatable
connections. A distributed resistive element on sapphire provides excellent stability and
return loss.
Offset Opens and Shorts
The offset opens and shorts are built from parts that are machined to the current
state-of-the-art precision machining.
The offset short’s inner conductors have a one-piece construction, common with the
shorting plane. The construction provides for extremely repeatable connections.
The offset opens have inner conductors that are supported by a strong,
low-dielectric-constant plastic to minimize compensation values.
Both the opens and shorts are constructed so that the pin depth can be controlled very
tightly, thereby minimizing phase errors. The lengths of the offsets in the opens and shorts
are designed so that the difference in phase of their reflection coefficients is approximately
180 degrees at all frequencies.
1-2 85032F
General Information
Calibration Kit Overview
Calibration Definitions
The calibration kit must be selected and the calibration definitions for the devices in the
kit installed in the network analyzer prior to performing a calibration. Refer to your
network analyzer user’s guide for instructions on selecting the calibration kit and
performing a calibration.
The calibration definitions can be:
• resident within the analyzer
• loaded from the provided disk
• entered from the front panel
Class assignments and standard definitions may change as more accurate model and
calibration methods are developed. You can download the most recent class assignments
and standard definitions from Agilent’s Calibration Kit Definitions Web page at
www.na.tm.agilent.com/pna/caldefs/stddefs.html.
Installation of the Calibration Definitions
The calibration definitions for the kit may be permanently installed in the internal
memory or hard disk of the network analyzer.
If the calibration definitions for the kit are not permanently installed in the network
analyzer, they must be manually entered. Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide for
instructions.
Options
There are several optional adapters available for the 85032F. See Table 6-1 on page 6-3 for
further information.
Equipment Required but Not Supplied
Connector gage sets, optional adapters, wrenches, and various connector cleaning supplies
are not included with this calibration kit. These or similar items are recommended to
ensure the successful operation of this calibration kit. Refer to Table 6-2 on page 6-4 for
ordering information.
85032F 1-3
General Information
Incoming Inspection
Incoming Inspection
Refer to Figure 6-1 on page 6-2 to verify a complete shipment.
Check for damage. The foam-lined storage case provides protection during shipping. If the
case or any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, contact Agilent
Technologies. See “Contacting Agilent” on page 5-4. Agilent will arrange for repair or
replacement of incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for a settlement from
the transportation company. See “Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent” on page 5-3.
Recording the Device Serial Numbers
In addition to the kit serial number, the devices in this kit are individually serialized
(serial numbers are labeled onto the body of each device). For your convenience, the
following table is provided for you to record these serial numbers. Recording the serial
numbers will prevent you from confusing the devices with similar devices.
Table 1-1 Kit and Device Serial Number Record
Device Serial Number
Calibration kit
Broadband load –m–
Broadband load –f–
Open –m–
Open –f–
Short –m–
Short –f–
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface
In this document and in the prompts of the PNA calibration wizard, the gender of cable
connectors and adapters is referred to in terms of the center conductor. For example, a
connector or device designated as 1.85 mm –f– has a 1.85 mm female center conductor.
8510-series, 872x, and 875x ONLY: In contrast, during a measurement calibration, the
network analyzer softkey menus label a 1.85 mm calibration device with reference to the
sex of the analyzer’s test port connector—not the calibration device connector. For
example, the label SHORT(F) refers to the short that is to be connected to the female test
1-4 85032F
port. This will be a male short from the calibration kit.
Table 1-2 Clarifying the Sex of Connectors: Examples
Terminology Meaning
General Information
Preventive Maintenance
Short
–f–
Short (f) Male short (male center conductor) to be connected to female port
Female short (female center conductor)
A connector gage is referred to in terms of the connector that it measures. For instance, a
male connector gage has a female connector on the gage so that it can measure male
devices.
Preventive Maintenance
The best techniques for maintaining the integrity of the devices in this kit include:
• routine visual inspection
• cleaning
• proper gaging
• proper connection techniques
All of these are described in Chapter 3,“Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices.”
Failure to detect and remove dirt or metallic particles on a mating plane surface can
degrade repeatability and accuracy, and can damage any connector mated to it.
Improper connections, resulting from pin depth values being out of the observed limits (see
Table 2-3 on page 2-4), or from poor connection techniques, can also damage these devices.
85032F 1-5
General Information
Preventive Maintenance
1-6 85032F
2 Specifications
2-1
Specifications
Environmental Requirements
Environmental Requirements
NOTE
Samples of this product have been type-tested in accordance with the Agilent
Environmental Test Manual and verified to be robust against the
environmental stresses of storage, transportation and end-use; those stresses
include but are not limited to temperature, humidity, shock, vibration,
altitude and power-line conditions. Test methods are aligned with IEC
60068-2 and levels are similar to MIL-PRF-28800F Class 3.
Table 2-1 Environmental Requirements
Parameter Limits
Tem per at ur e
Operating
Storage −40 °C to +75 °C
Error-corrected range
Altitude
Operating < 4,500 meters (≈15,000 feet)
Storage < 4,500 meters (≈15,000 feet)
Relative humidity Type tested, 0% to 95% at 40 °C, non-condensing
a
b
+20 °C to +26 °C
± 1 °C of measurement calibration temperature
a. The temperature range over which the calibration standards maintain conformance to their
specifications.
b. The allowable network analyzer ambient temperature drift during measurement calibration
and during measurements when the network analyzer error correction is turned on. Also, the
range over which the network analyzer maintains its specified performance while correction
is turned on.
Temperature—What to Watch Out For
Changes in temperature can affect electrical characteristics. Therefore, the operating
temperature is a critical factor in performance. During a measurement calibration, the
temperature of the calibration devices must be stable and within the range shown in
Table 2-1.
IMPORTANT
Avoid unnecessary handling of the devices during calibration because your
fingers are a heat source.
2-2 85032F
Specifications
Mechanical Characteristics
Mechanical Characteristics
Mechanical characteristics such as center conductor protrusion and pin depth are not
performance specifications. They are, however, important supplemental characteristics
related to electrical performance. Agilent Technologies verifies the mechanical
characteristics of the devices in this kit with special gaging processes and electrical
testing. This ensures that the device connectors do not exhibit any center conductor
protrusion or improper pin depth when the kit leaves the factory.
“Gaging Connectors” on page 3-7 explains how to use gages to determine if the kit devices
have maintained their mechanical integrity. (Refer to Table 2-3 on page 2-4 for typical and
observed pin depth limits).
Table 2-2 Mechanical Characteristics
Dimension Typical Value
Inside diameter of outer conductor 7.0000 ±0.0076 mm
Outside diameter of center conductor 3.0404 ±0.0051 mm
Pin Depth
Pin depth is the distance the center conductor mating plane differs from being flush with
the outer conductor mating plane. See Figure 2-1. Some coaxial connectors (such as
2.4 mm and 3.5 mm) are designed to have these planes nearly flush. Type-N connectors,
however, are designed with a pin depth offset of approximately 5.26 mm (0.207 inch), not
permitting these planes to be flush. The male center conductors are recessed by the offset
value while the female center conductors compensate by protruding the same amount.
This offset necessitates redefining of pin depth with regard to protrusion and recession.
Protrusion refers to a male type-N connector center conductor having a pin depth value
less than 5.26 mm (0.207 inch), or female type-N connector center conductor having a pin
depth value greater that 5.26 (0.207 inch).
Recession refers to a male type-N connector center conductor having a pin depth value
greater than 5.26 mm (0.207 inch), or female type-N connector center conductor having a
pin depth value less than 5.26 (0.207 inch).
The pin depth value of each calibration device in this kit is not specified, but is an
important mechanical parameter. The electrical performance of the device depends, to
some extent, on its pin depth. The electrical specifications for each device in this kit take
into account the effect of pin depth on the device’s performance. Table 2-3 lists the typical
pin depths and measurement uncertainties, and provides observed pin depth limits for the
devices in the kit. If the pin depth of a device does not measure within the observed pin
depth limits, it may be an indication that the device fails to meet electrical specifications.
Refer to Figure 2-1 for a visual representation of proper pin depth in type-N connectors.
85032F 2-3
Specifications
Mechanical Characteristics
NOTE
The gages intended for measuring the type-N connectors compensate for the
designed offset of 5.26 mm (0.207 inch). Therefore, protrusion and recession
readings will be in relation to a zero reference plane (as if the inner and outer
conductor planes were intended to be flush). Gage readings can be directly
compared with the observed values listed in Table 2-3.
Figure 2-1 Connector Pin Depth
Table 2-3 Pin Depth Limits
Device Typical Pin Depth
Opens 0 to −0.0127 mm
(0 to −0.0005 in)
Shorts 0 to −0.0127 mm
(0 to −0.0005 in)
Fixed Loads 0 to −0.0508 mm
(0 to −0.002 in)
a. Approximately +2 sigma to −2 sigma of gage uncertainly based on studies done at the
factory using the 85054-60049 gages kit (same as kit gages) according to recommended
procedures.
NOTE
When measuring pin depth, the measured value (resultant average of three
Measurement Uncertainty
+0.0038 to −0.0038 mm
(+0.00015 to −0.00015 in)
+0.0038 to −0.0038 mm
(+0.00015 to −0.00015 in)
+0.0038 to −0.0038 mm
(+0.00015 to −0.00015 in)
a
Observed Pin Depth Limits
+0.0038 to −0.0165 mm
(+0.00015 to −0.00065 in)
+0.0038 to −0.0165 mm
(+0.00015 to −0.00065 in)
+0.0038 to −0.0546 mm
(+0.00015 to −0.00215 in)
or more measurements) is not the true value. Always compare the measured
value with the observed pin depth limits in Table 2-3 to evaluate the condition
of device connectors.
2-4 85032F
Specifications
Electrical Specifications
Electrical Specifications
The electrical specifications in Table 2-4 apply to the devices in your calibration kit when
connected with an Agilent precision interface.
Table 2-4 Electrical Specifications
Device Frequency (GHz) Parameter Specification
Broadband Loads DC to ≤2 Return Loss ≥48 dB (≤0.00398ρ)
(male and female) >2 to ≤3 Return Loss ≥45 dB (≤0.00562ρ)
>3 to ≤6 Return Loss ≥40 dB (≤0.010ρ)
>6 to ≤9 Return Loss ≥38 dB (≤0.0126ρ)
Adapters
Offset Opens
(male and female) >3 to ≤9Phase±1.00°
Offset Shorts
(male and female) >3 to ≤9Phase±1.00°
a
b
b
a. Specifications apply to Options 100, 200, and 300 only.
b. The specifications for the opens and shorts are given as allowed deviation from the
nominal model as defined in the standard definitions. Refer to the Appendix, “Class
Assignments and Standard Definitions Values are Available on the Web”.
DC to ≤9 Return Loss ≥34 dB (≤0.01996ρ)
DC to ≤3 Deviation from Nominal ±0.65°
DC to ≤3 Deviation from Nominal ±0.65°
Certification
Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time
of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements
are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
to the extent allowed by the institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities
of other International Standards Organization members. See “How Agilent Verifies the
Devices in This Kit” on page 4-2 for more information.
85032F 2-5
Specifications
Electrical Specifications
2-6 85032F
3 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the
Devices
3-1
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge
Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is essential while connecting, inspecting,
or cleaning connectors attached to a static-sensitive circuit (such as those found in test
sets).
Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive internal
circuit elements when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause
permanent damage. Devices such as calibration components and devices under test
(DUTs), can also carry an electrostatic charge. To prevent damage to the test set,
components and devices:
• always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MΩ resistor in series with it when
handling components and devices or when making connections to the test set.
• always have a grounded antistatic mat in front of your test equipment.
• always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor.
• always ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to a
static-sensitive device or test port. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell
of the test port or cable connector briefly.
• always ground the center conductor of a test cable before making a connection to the
analyzer test port or other static-sensitive device. This can be done as follows:
1. Connect a short (from your calibration kit) to one end of the cable to short the center
conductor to the outer conductor.
2. While wearing a grounded wrist strap, grasp the outer shell of the cable connector.
3. Connect the other end of the cable to the test port.
4. Remove the short from the cable.
Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts,” for ordering ESD protection supplies.
Figure 3-1 ESD Protection Using Mat, Wrist Strap, and Grounded Power Cord
3-2 85032F
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Visual Inspection
Visual Inspection
Visual inspection and, if necessary, cleaning should be done every time a connection is
made. Metal particles from the connector threads may fall into the connector when it is
disconnected. One connection made with a dirty or damaged connector can damage both
connectors beyond repair.
In some cases, magnification is necessary to see damage to a connector; a magnifying
device with a magnification of ≥ 10x is recommended. However, not all defects that are
visible only under magnification will affect the electrical performance of the connector. Use
the following guidelines when evaluating the integrity of a connector.
CAUTION
In some cases, magnification is necessary to see damage on a connector. Not all defects that
are visible only under magnification will affect the electrical performance of the connector.
Use the following guidelines when evaluating the integrity of a connector.
Devices with damaged connectors should immediately be discarded or clearly
marked and set aside for repair. A damaged device will in turn damage any
good connector to which it is attached. Try to determine the cause of damage
before connecting a new, undamaged connector in the same configuration.
Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First
Examine the connectors first for obvious defects and damage: badly worn plating on the
connector interface, deformed threads, or bent, broken, or misaligned center conductors.
Connector nuts should move smoothly and be free of burrs, loose metal particles, and
rough spots.
What Causes Connector Wear?
Connector wear is caused by connecting and disconnecting the devices. The more use the
device gets, the faster it wears and degrades. The wear is greatly accelerated when
connectors are not kept clean, or are not properly connected.
Connector wear eventually degrades performance of the device. Calibration devices should
have a long life if their use is on the order of a few times per week.
The test port connectors on the network analyzer test set may have many connections each
day, and are therefore more subject to wear. It is recommended that an adapter be used as
a test port saver to minimize the wear on the test set’s connectors. Replace devices with
worn connectors.
Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces
Even contact between the connectors at all points on their mating plane surfaces is
required for a good connection. See Figure 2-1 on page 2-4. Look especially for deep
scratches or dents, and for dirt and metal particles on the connector mating plane surfaces.
Also look for signs of damage due to excessive or uneven wear or misalignment.
85032F 3-3
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Visual Inspection
Light burnishing of the mating plane surfaces is normal, and is evident as light scratches
or shallow circular marks distributed more or less uniformly over the mating plane
surface. Other small defects and cosmetic imperfections are also normal. None of these
affect electrical or mechanical performance. If a connector shows deep scratches or dents,
particles clinging to the mating plane surfaces, or uneven wear, clean and inspect it again.
Inspect Female Connectors
When using female connectors, pay special attention to the contact fingers in the female
center conductor. These can be bent or broken, and damage to them is not always easy to
see. A connector with damaged contact fingers will not make good electrical contact and
must be replaced.
NOTE
This is particularly important when you are mating nonprecision to precision
devices.
3-4 85032F
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Cleaning Connectors
Cleaning Connectors
Clean connectors are essential for ensuring the integrity of RF and microwave coaxial
connections.
WARNING
1. Use Compressed Air or Nitrogen
Use compressed air (or nitrogen) to loosen particles on the connector mating plane
surfaces.
You can use any source of clean, dry, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen that has
an effective oil-vapor filter and liquid condensation trap placed just before the outlet
hose.
Ground the hose nozzle to prevent electrostatic discharge, and set the air pressure to
less than 414 kPa (60 psi) to control the velocity of the air stream. High-velocity streams
of compressed air can cause electrostatic effects when directed into a connector. These
electrostatic effects can damage the device. Refer to “Electrostatic Discharge,” earlier in
this chapter, for additional information.
WARNING
Always use protective eyewear when using compressed air or
nitrogen.
Keep Isopropyl alcohol away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a
tightly closed container. Isopropyl alcohol is extremely flammable. In
case of fire, use alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; water
may be ineffective.
Use isopropyl alcohol with adequate ventilation and avoid contact
with eyes, skin, and clothing. It causes skin irritation, may cause eye
damage, and is harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It may be harmful if
absorbed through the skin. Wash thoroughly after handling.
In case of spill, soak up with sand or earth. Flush spill area with
water.
Dispose of isopropyl alcohol in accordance with all applicable
federal, state, and local environmental regulation.
85032F 3-5
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Cleaning Connectors
2. Clean the Connector Threads
Use a lint-free swab or cleaning cloth moistened with isopropyl alcohol to remove any
dirt or stubborn contaminants on a connector that cannot be removed with compressed
air or nitrogen. Refer to Table 6-2 on page 6-4 for a part number for cleaning swabs.
a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to the lint-free cleaning swab.
b. Clean the connector threads.
c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the threads dry with a gentle stream of clean,
low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before
you reassemble or use it.
3. Clean the Mating Plane Surfaces
a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a new swab.
b. Clean the center and outer conductor mating plane surfaces. Refer to Figure 2-1 on
page 2-4. When cleaning a female connector, avoid snagging the swab on the center
conductor contact fingers by using short strokes.
c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the threads dry with a gentle stream of clean,
low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector be you
reassemble or use it.
4. Inspect Each Connector
Inspect the connector again to make sure that no particles or residue are present.
3-6 85032F
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Gaging Connectors
Gaging Connectors
The gages available from Agilent Technologies are intended for preventive maintenance
and troubleshooting purposes only (see Table 6-2 on page 6-4 for part number information).
They are effective in detecting excessive center conductor protrusion or recession, and
conductor damage on DUTs, test accessories, and the calibration kit devices. Do not use the
gages for precise pin depth measurements.
Gages are matched with gage masters at the factory. The paired master is then labeled (on
the bottom) with an offset value to compensate for its inaccuracy with its gage. Always set
the gage to the master offset value shown on the label and not to zero (unless that is the
offset value indicated).
Connector Gage Accuracy
The connector gages are only capable of performing coarse measurements. They do not
provide the degree of accuracy necessary to precisely measure the pin depth of the kit
devices. This is partially due to the repeatability uncertainties that are associated with the
measurement. Only the factory—through special gaging processes and electrical testing—
can accurately verify the mechanical characteristics of the devices.
With proper technique, however, the gages are useful in detecting gross pin depth errors on
device connectors. To achieve maximum accuracy, random errors must be reduced by
taking the average of at least three measurements having different gage orientations on
the connector. Even the resultant average can be in error by as much as ± 0.0001 inch due
to systematic (biasing) errors usually resulting from worn gages and gage masters. The
information in Table 2-3 on page 2-4 assumes new gages and gage masters. Therefore,
these systematic errors were not included in the uncertainty analysis. As the gages endure
more use, the systematic errors can become more significant in the accuracy of the
measurement.
The measurement uncertainties are primarily a function of the assembly materials and
design, and the unique interaction each device type has with the gage. Therefore, these
uncertainties can vary among the different devices. For example, note the difference
between the uncertainties of the opens and shorts in Table 2-3 on page 2-4.
The observed pin depth limits in Table 2-3 on page 2-4 add these uncertainties to the
typical factory pin depth values to provide practical limits that can be referenced when
using the gages. See “Pin Depth,” on page 2-3. Refer to “Kit Contents” on page 1-2 for more
information on the design of the calibration devices in this kit.
NOTE
When measuring pin depth, the measured value (resultant average of three
or more measurements) contains measurement uncertainty and is not
necessarily the true value. Always compare the measured value with the
observed pin depth limits (which account for measurement uncertainties) in
Table 2-2 on page 2-4 to evaluate the condition of device connectors.
85032F 3-7
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Gaging Connectors
When to Gage Connectors
Gage a connector at the following times:
• Prior to using a device for the first time: record the pin depth measurement so that it
can be compared with future readings. (It will serve as a good troubleshooting tool when
you suspect damage may have occurred to the device.)
• If either visual inspection or electrical performance suggests that the connector
interface may be out of typical range (due to wear or damage, for example).
• If a calibration device is used by someone else or on another system or piece of
equipment.
• Initially after every 100 connections, and after that as often as experience suggests.
Reading the Connector Gage
The gage dial is divided up into increments of 0.0001 inch and major divisions of 0.001 inch
(see Figure 3-2). For each revolution of the large dial, the smaller dial indicates a change of
0.01 inch. Use the small dial as the indicator of multiples of 0.01 inch. In most connector
measuring applications, this value will be zero.
When making a measurement, the gage dial indicator will travel in one of two directions. If
the center conductor is recessed from the zero reference plane, the indicator will move
counterclockwise to determine the amount of recession, which is read as a negative value.
If the center conductor protrudes, the indicator will move clockwise to measure the amount
of protrusion, which is read as a positive value.
Figure 3-2 Reading the Connector Gage
3-8 85032F
Gaging Procedures
Gaging Type-N Connectors
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Gaging Connectors
NOTE
Always hold a connector gage by the gage barrel, below the dial indicator.
This gives the best stability, and improves measurement accuracy.
1. Select the proper gage for your connector. Refer to Table 6-2 on page 6-4 for gage part
numbers.
2. Inspect and clean the gage, gage master, and device to be gaged. Refer to “Visual
Inspection,” and “Cleaning Connectors,” earlier in this chapter.
3. Zero the connector gage (refer to Figure 3-3):
a. While holding the gage by the barrel, and without turning the gage or the gage
master, connect the gage to the gage master by interconnecting the male and female
connectors. Connect the nut finger tight. Do not overtighten.
b. Using an open-end wrench to keep the device body from rotating, use the torque
wrench recommended for use with this kit to tighten the connecting nut to the
specified torque. Refer to “Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench” on page 3-12 for
more information.
c. Loosen the dial lock screw on the gage and rotate the gage dial so that the pointer
corresponds to the correction value noted on the gage master. Do not adjust the gage
dial to zero, unless the correction value on the gage master is zero.
d. Tighten the dial lock screw and remove the gage master.
e. Attach and torque the gage master to the gage once again to verify that the setting is
repeatable. Remove the gage master.
4. Gage the device connector (refer to Figure 3-3):
a. While holding the gage by the barrel, and without turning the gage or the device,
connect the gage to the device by interconnecting the male and female connectors.
Connect the nut finger-tight. Do not overtighten.
b. Using an open-end wrench to keep the device body from rotating, use the torque
wrench recommended for use with this kit to tighten the connecting nut to the
specified torque. Refer to “Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench” on page 3-12 for
more information.
c. Gently tap the barrel of the gage with your finger to settle the gage reading.
d. Read the gage indicator dial. If the needle has moved clockwise, the center conductor
is protruding by an amount indicated by the black numbers. If the needle has moved
counterclockwise, the center conductor is recessed by an amount indicated by the red
numbers.
For maximum accuracy, measure the connector a minimum of three times and take
an average of the readings. After each measurement, rotate the gage a quarter-turn
to reduce measurement variations that result from the gage or the connector face not
being exactly perpendicular to the center axis.
e. Compare the average reading with the pin depth specifications listed in Table 2-3 on
page 2-4.
f. Without turning either the gage or the device, remove the device from the gage.
85032F 3-9
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Gaging Connectors
Figure 3-3 Gaging Type-N Connectors
3-10 85032F
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
Connections
Good connections are essential for accurate measurements and require a skilled operator.
The most common cause of measurement error is poor connections.
How to Make a Connection
Preliminary Connection
1. Ground yourself and all devices. Wear a grounded wrist strap and work on an antistatic
mat.
2. Visually inspect the connectors. Refer to
3. If necessary, clean the connectors.
4. Use a connector gage to verify that all center conductors are within pin depth values in
Table 2-3 on page 2-4.
5. Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically
into the contact finger of the female connector.
6. Push the connectors straight together. Do not twist or screw them together. As the
center conductors mate, there is usually a slight resistance.
CAUTION
7. The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make
uniform, light contact. Do not overtighten this connection.
A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both
mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough.
8. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the
connection from long or heavy devices or cables.
Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the
center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.
85032F 3-11
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench
NOTE
Using a torque wrench guarantees that the connection is not too tight,
preventing possible connector damage. It also guarantees that all connections
are equally tight.
Use a torque wrench to make a final connection. Table 3-1 provides information on the
torque wrench recommended for use with this kit. Refer to Chapter 6‚"Replaceable Parts‚"
for ordering information.
Table 3-1 Torque Wrench Information
Connector Type Torque Setting Torque Tolerance
Type-N 135 N-cm (12 in-lb) 13.5 N-cm (±1.2 in-lb)
1. Turn the connector nut. This may be possible to do by hand if one of the connectors is
fixed (as on a test port). In all situations, the use of an open-end wrench to keep the
body of the device from turning is recommended.
2. Position both wrenches within 90 degrees of each other before applying force. Wrenches
opposing each other (greater than 90 degrees apart) will cause a lifting action that can
misalign and stress the connections of the device involved This is especially true when
several devices are connected together. See Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Wrench Positions
3-12 85032F
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Connections
3. Hold the torque wrench lightly, at the end of the handle only (beyond the groove). See
Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5 Using the Torque Wrench
4. Apply force downward to the wrench handle. This applies torque to the connection
through the wrench.
Do not hold the wrench so tightly that you push the handle straight down along its
length rather than pivoting it, otherwise you apply an unknown amount of torque.
CAUTION
You don’t have to fully break the handle of the torque wrench to reach the
specified torque; doing so can cause the handle to kick back and loosen the
connection. Any give at all in the handle is sufficient torque.
5. Tighten the connection just to the torque wrench break point. The wrench handle gives
way at its internal pivot point. See Figure 3-5. Do not tighten the connection further.
How to Separate a Connection
To avoid lateral (bending) force on the connector mating plane surfaces, always support the
devices and connections.
CAUTION
Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the
center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.
1. Use an open-end wrench to prevent the device body from turning.
2. Use the torque wrench to loosen the connector nut.
3. Complete the separation by hand, turning only the connector nut.
4. Pull the connectors straight apart without twisting, rocking, or bending.
85032F 3-13
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Handling and Storage
Handling and Storage
• Use the plastic end caps and store the calibration devices in the foam-lined storage case
when not in use.
• Never store connectors loose in a box, in a desk, or in a bench drawer. This is the most
common cause of connector damage during storage.
• Keep connectors clean.
• Do not touch mating plane surfaces. Natural skin oils and microscopic particles of dirt
are easily transferred to a connector interface and are very difficult to remove.
• Do not set connectors contact-end down on a hard surface. The plating and the mating
plane surfaces can be damaged if the interface comes in contact with any hard surface.
3-14 85032F
4 Performance Verification
4-1
Performance Verification
Introduction
Introduction
The performance of your calibration kit can only be verified by returning the kit to Agilent
Technologies for recertification. The equipment and calibration standards required to
verify the specifications of the devices inside the kit have been specially manufactured and
are not commercially available.
How Agilent Verifies the Devices in This Kit
Agilent verifies the specifications of these devices as follows:
1. The residual microwave error terms of the test system are verified with precision
airlines and shorts that are directly traced to NIST (National Institute of Standards
and Technology). The airline and short characteristics are developed from mechanical
measurements. The mechanical measurements and material properties are carefully
modeled to give very accurate electrical representation. The mechanical measurements
are then traced back to NIST through various plug and ring gages and other mechanical
measurements.
2. Each calibration device is electrically tested on this system. For the initial (before sale)
testing of the calibration devices, Agilent includes the test measurement uncertainty as
a guardband to guarantee each device meets the published specification. For
recertifications (after sale), no guardband is used and the measured data is compared
directly with the specification to determine the pass/fail status. The measurement
uncertainty for each device is, however, recorded in the calibration report that
accompanies recertified kits.
These two steps establish a traceable link to NIST for Agilent to the extent allowed by the
institute’s calibration facility. The specifications data provided for the devices in this kit
are traceable to NIST through Agilent Technologies.
4-2 85032F
Performance Verification
Recertification
Recertification
The following will be provided with a recertified kit:
• new calibration sticker affixed to the case
• certificate of calibration
• calibration report for each device in the kit listing measured values, specification, and
uncertainties
NOTE
Agilent Technologies offers a Standard calibration for the recertification of this kit. For
more information, contact Agilent Technologies. See “Contacting Agilent” on page 5-4.
A list of NIST traceable numbers may be purchased upon request to be
included in the calibration report.
How Often to Recertify
The suggested initial interval for recertification is 12 months or sooner. The actual need for
recertification depends on the use of the kit. After reviewing the results of the initial
recertification, you may establish a different recertification interval that reflects the usage
and wear of the kit.
NOTE
The recertification interval should begin on the date the kit is first used after
the recertification date.
Where to Send a Kit for Recertification
Contact Agilent for information on where to send your kit for recertification. See
“Contacting Agilent” on page 5-4. Refer to “Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent” on
page 5-3 for additional information.
85032F 4-3
Performance Verification
Recertification
4-4 85032F
5 Troubleshooting
5-1
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process
Troubleshooting Process
If you suspect a bad calibration, or if your network analyzer does not pass performance
verification, follow the steps in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1 Troubleshooting Flowchart
5-2 85032F
Troubleshooting
Where to Look for More Information
Where to Look for More Information
This manual contains limited information about network analyzer system operation. For
detailed information on using a VNA, ENA or PNA series network analyzer, refer to the
appropriate user guide or online Help.
• To view the ENA or PNA online Help, press the Help key on the front panel of the
network analyzer.
• To view an online VNA user guide, use the following steps:
1. Go to www.agilent.com.
2. Enter your VNA model number (Ex: 8753ES) in the Search box and click Search.
3. Under the heading Manuals & Guides, click on the title/hyperlink for the
document PDF you want to view.
If you need additional information, see “Contacting Agilent” on page 5-4.
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent
If your kit or device requires service, contact Agilent Technologies for information on
where to send it. See “Contacting Agilent” on page 5-4. Include a service tag (found at the
end of this manual) on which you provide the following information:
• your company name and address
• a technical contact person within your company, and the person's complete phone
number including the country code and area code
• the model number and serial number of the kit
• the part number and serial number of each device
• the type of service required
•a detailed description of the problem and how the device was being used when the
problem occurred (such as calibration or measurement)
85032F 5-3
Troubleshooting
Contacting Agilent
Contacting Agilent
Assistance with test and measurements needs and information on finding a local Agilent
office are available on the Web at:
www.agilent.com/find/assist
If you do not have access to the Internet, please contact your Agilent field engineer.
NOTE
In any correspondence or telephone conversation, refer to the Agilent product
by its model number and full serial number. With this information, the
Agilent representative can determine whether your product is still within its
warranty period.
5-4 85032F
6 Replaceable Parts
6-1
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Introduction
Table 6-1 lists the replacement part numbers for the contents of the 85032F calibration kit.
To order a listed part, note the description, the Agilent part number, and the quantity
desired. Telephone or send your order to Agilent Technologies. See “Contacting Agilent” on
page 5-4.
Figure 6-1 Replaceable Parts for the 85032F Calibration Kit
6-2 85032F
Table 6-1 Replaceable Partsa
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Item
No.
1 Offset open –m– 1 85032-60013
2 Offset open –f– 1 85032-60014
3 Offset short –f– 1 85032-60015
4 Offset short –m– 1 85032-60016
5 Broadband load –m– 1 85032-60017
6 Broadband load –f– 1 85032-60018
Protective End Caps for Connectors (Type-N 50 Ω)
7 Protective end cap 0.625-ID, black as required 1401-0225
8 Protective end cap 0.812-ID, black as required 1401-0214
9 Box (without foam pads) 1 5180-8446
10 Box pads (top) 1 85032-80028
11 Box pads (bottom) 1 85032-80026
Description Qty Agilent Part
Number
Calibration Devices (Type-N 50 Ω)
Calibration Kit Storage Case
12
13 Connector care-quick reference card
14 Calibration constants disk (875x and 872x series) 1 85032-10003
15
16
17
18
19
20 Type-N –m– to 7-mm adapter (Option 500) 2 85054-60009
Disk holder (not shown in
(not shown in
User’s and service guide
Type-N –m– to type-N –m– (Option 200) 1 85032-60019
Type-N –f– to type-N –m– (Option 300) 1 85032-60020
Type-N –f– to type-N –f– (Option 100) 1 85032-60021
Type-N –f– to 7-mm adapter (Option 500) 2 85054-60001
Figure 6-1)
Optional Adapters
Figure 6-1)
Miscellaneous Items
b
c
(Type-N 50 Ω)
1 5180-8491
1 08510-90360
1 85032-90021
a. Refer to “Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface” on page 1-4.
b. Refer to “Printing Copies of Documentation from the Web” on page -iii.
c. The adapters are included when the applicable option is ordered.
85032F 6-3
Replaceable Parts
Introduction
Table 6-2 Items Not I ncluded i n Kit
Description Agilent Part
Number
Miscellaneous
Type-N gage set 85054-60059
Adapter Kit (type-N 50 Ω to 3.5 mm) 11878A
Wrenches
3/4 in, 135 N-cm (12 in-lb) torque wrench 8710-1766
1/2 in and 9/16 in open-end wrench 8710-1770
Connector Cleaning Supplies
Anhydrous isopropyl alcohol (>92% pure)
Cleaning swabs 9301-1243
ESD Devices
Grounding wrist strap 9300-1367
5 ft grounding cord for wrist strap 9300-0980
2 x 4 ft conductive table mat and 15 ft. ground wire 9300-0797
ESD heel strap 9300-1308
a
--
a. Agilent can no longer safely ship isopropyl alcohol, so
customers should purchase it locally.
6-4 85032F
A Standard Definitions
A-1
Standard Definitions
Class Assignments and Standard Definitions Values are Available on the Web
Class Assignments and Standard Definitions Values are
Available on the Web
Class assignments and standard definitions may change as more accurate model and
calibration methods are developed. You can download the most recent class assignments
and standard definitions from Agilent’s Calibration Kit Definitions Web page at
http://na.tm.agilent.com/pna/caldefs/stddefs.html.
For a detailed discussion of calibration kits, refer to the Agilent Application Note,
“Specifying Calibration Standards and Kits for Agilent Vector Network Analyzers.” This
application note covers calibration standard definitions, calibration kit content and its
structure requirements for Agilent vector network analyzers. It also provides some
examples of how to set up a new calibration kit and how to modify an existing calibration
kit definition file. To download a free copy, go to www.agilent.com and enter literature
number 5989-4840EN in the Search window.
A-2 85032F
Index
A
adapters, 6-2, 6-3
Agilent Technologies
application note
contacting
altitude, specifications, 2-2
analyzers, compatible
B
broadband loads
C
calibration
certificate of
constants, See calibration
definitions
definitions
entering
permanently stored, 1-3
, 4-2
report
temperature
calibration kit
Agilent Application Note
modifying definition files
overview, contents, 1-2
certificate of calibration
characteristics, mechanical
class assignments
downloading from Agilent Web
cleaning connectors, 3-5
compressed air or nitrogen
connections
connector
accuracy
cleaning
damaged
gage
gaging
gender
slotted
terminology
visual inspection
wear
constants, calibration, See
contacting Agilent
D
data, recertification
defective connectors, 3-3
definitions
calibration
, A-2
site
, 3-5
handling
master
, 3-9
zeroing
, 3-7, 3-8, 3-9
, 1-4
, 3-4
, 3-3
calibration definitions
, A-2
, 5-4
, 1-2
, 1-2
, 4-2
, 1-3
, 2-2
, A-2
, A-2
, 2-5, 4-2
, 2-3
, 3-5
, 3-2, 3-11, 3-12, 3-13
, 3-7
, 3-3
, 3-9
, 3-9
, 1-4
, 3-3
, 5-4
, 4-2
, 1-3
deviation from nominal phase
device
connecting
disconnecting
handling
maintenance, 1-5
return
serial numbers
specifications, 2-5
storage
temperature
visual inspection, 3-3
dimensions
disconnections
documentation warranty
downloading class assignments &
std definitions from the Web
A-2
E
electrical characteristics
effects of temperature, 2-2
electrical specifications, 2-5
electrostatic discharge
environmental
requirements
specifications
equipment required
ESD, 3-2
G
gage
connector
handling, 3-9
master
zeroing
procedures
gage master
using
gaging connectors
gender, connector
general information
H
handling
humidity specifications
I
incoming inspection
information, troubleshooting
inspection
damage
defects, 3-3
incoming
mating plane
slotted connectors, 3-4
, 3-11
, 3-13
, 3-14
, 5-3
, 1-4
, 3-14
, 2-2
, 2-3
, 3-13
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 1-3
, 3-9
, 3-9
, 3-9
, 3-9
, 3-7, 3-8
, 1-4
, 1-2
, 3-14
, 1-4
, 3-3
, 1-4
, 3-3
, 2-5
, -ii
, 3-2
, 2-2
, 5-3
, 3-3
visual
K
kit overview, contents
L
loads, broadband
M
maintenance
of devices
making connections
mating plane surfaces
, 3-6
clean
,
inspection, 3-3
mechanical characteristics
modifying calibration kit
definition files
N
nitrogen
O
offsets, opens, shorts
optional adapters, 6-3
options
ordering parts
overview, of kit, 1-2
P
part numbers
parts, replacing
performance verification, 4-2
permanently stored calibration
pin depth
preventive maintenance
procedure, gaging
R
reading connector gage
recertification
regulations
replaceable parts
requirements
return, kit or device
S
serial numbers
, 3-5
, 1-3
definitions
, 2-3, 2-4
interval
what's included
where it's done
environmental
environmental
, 4-3
, 1-2
, 1-5, 3-2
, 6-2, 6-3
, 6-2
, 6-1
, 1-3
, 3-9
, 4-2, 4-3
, 4-3
, 4-3
, 2-2
, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3
, 2-2
, 1-4
, 1-2
, 3-11
, 2-3
, A-2
, 1-2
, 1-5
, 3-8
, 5-3
85052B Index-1
Index
service, 5-2
slotted connectors
specifications, 2-2
altitude
operating
storage, 2-2
electrical
environmental
humidity
operating
storage
temperature, 2-2
verifying
standard definitions
downloading from Agilent Web
static discharge
storage, 3-14
T
temperature
affect on electrical performance,
calibration
cautions about
changes in, 2-2
device
error-corrected
measurement, 2-2
specifications
operating
storage, 2-2
verification and measurement
test data, 4-2
torque wrench
traceability
troubleshooting
site
2-2
2-2
, 2-5
, 2-2
, 4-2
, A-2
, 2-2
, 3-4
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 3-2
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 2-2
, 3-12
, 4-2
, 5-2
,
V
verification
performance
temperature
visual inspection
W
warranty, documentation
Z
zeroing
connector gage
Index-2 85052B
, 4-2
, 2-2
, 3-3
, -ii
, 3-9
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