User’s Guide
HP 83437A
Broadband Light Source
HP Part No. 83437-90001
Printed in USA
July 1996
First Edition
© Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1996
All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior
written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under copyright laws.
Hewlett-Packard Company
Lightwave Operations
1400 Fountaingrove Parkway
Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1799, USA
(707) 577-1400
Notice.
The information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice. Companies, names, and data used in examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted. Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind
with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard
shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this
material.
Restricted Rights Legend.
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of
the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS
252.227-7013 for DOD agencies, and subparagraphs (c) (1) and (c) (2) of the
Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19 for
other agencies.
ii
CAUTION
Safety Symbols
Safety Symbols
The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize
yourself with each of the symbols and its meaning before operating this instrument.
caution
The
not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction
of the product. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and met.
sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if
WARNING
The warning sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure
which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury
or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning sign until the
indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
The instruction manual symbol. The product is marked with this warning
|
❍
symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the
manual.
The laser radiation symbol. This warning symbol is marked on products which
have a laser output.
The AC symbol is used to indicate the required nature of the line module input
power.
The ON symbols are used to mark the positions of the instrument power line
switch.
The OFF symbols are used to mark the positions of the instrument power line
switch.
The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community.
ISM1-A This text denotes that the instrument is an Industrial Scientific and Medical
Group 1 Class A product.
The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards
Association.
iii
The HP 83437A—At a Glance
The HP 83437A—At a Glance
The HP 83437A Broadband Light Source provides incoherent light for characterizing fiber-optic components. Because its single-mode output originates
from edge emitting LEDs (EELEDs), the power density of the output spectrum is considerably greater than that of surface emitting LEDs or white-light
tungsten lamp sources.
Several output wavelengths are available
Although the standard HP 83437A’s output is 1500 nm, your instrument may
include additional options which provide a maximum light spread of over 500
nm. Up to four internal EELED sources can be installed when selected from
the following options:
• Option 002: 1200 nm source
• Option 003: 1310 nm source
• Option 004: 1430 nm source
• Option 005: 1500 nm source deleted
• Option 006: 1650 nm source
Even if your instrument has several wavelength options, all the light is coupled
so that it emerges from one output connector.
Each EELED can be modulated or turned off
You can digitally modulate the output of each individual source using a TTL
compatible signal. For a complete discussion of modulating the output light
and making measurements with your HP 83437A, refer to Chapter 2, “Making
Measurements”.
iv
The HP 83437A—At a Glance
Measurement accuracy—it’s up to you!
Fiber-optic connectors are easily damaged when connected to dirty or damaged cables
and accessories. The HP 83437A’s front-panel OPTICAL OUT connector is no exception.
When you use improper cleaning and handling techniques, you risk expensive instrument repairs, damaged cables, and compromised measurements.
Before you connect any fiber-optic cable to the HP 83437A, refer to “Cleaning Connec-
tions for Accurate Measurements” on page 2-12.
Laser classification
The HP 83437A is classified as an IEC LED Class 1 product. The total power of light
energy radiated out of the OPTICAL OUT connector is less than –5 dBm. Operator maintenance or precautions are not necessary to maintain safety. No controls, adjustments,
or performance of procedures result in hazardous radiation exposure.
v
The HP 83437A—At a Glance
Rear view of instrument
vi
General Safety Considerations
General Safety Considerations
This product has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 1010, Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus, and has
been supplied in a safe condition. The instruction documentation contains
information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe
operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition.
WARNING
WARNING
If this product is not used as specified, the protection provided by the
equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal
condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.
No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified
personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers.
vii
Printing History
Printing History
HP Part Number Edition Date
83437-90001 First July 1996
Typographical Conventions
The following conventions are used in this book.
Formatting
key
type Keys or text located on the keyboard or instrument.
softkey
type Key names that are displayed on the instrument’s screen.
display
user
emphasis
type Words or characters displayed on the computer’s screen or
type Words or characters that you type or enter.
type Words or characters that emphasize some point or that are
Information
instrument’s display.
used as place holders for text that you type.
viii
Warranty
Warranty
This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, at its option,
either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service
facility designated by Hewlett-Packard. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges
to Hewlett-Packard and Hewlett-Packard shall pay shipping charges to return
the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties,
and taxes for products returned to Hewlett-Packard from another country.
Hewlett-Packard warrants that its software and firmware designated by
Hewlett-Packard for use with an instrument will execute its programming
instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Hewlett-Packard
does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.
Limitation of
Warranty
Exclusive
Remedies
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or
inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing,
unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HEWLETT-PACKARD
SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
REMEDIES. HEWLETT-PACKARD SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL
THEORY.
ix
Warranty
x
Contents
The HP 83437A—At a Glance iv
1. Getting Started
Step 1. Inspect the Shipment 1-4
Step 2. Check the Fuse 1-6
Step 3. Connect the Line-Power Cable 1-7
Step 4. Turn on the HP 83437A 1-9
Returning the Instrument for Service 1-10
2. Making Measurements
Modulating the Output Light 2-4
Performing Stimulus-Response Measurements 2-5
Ambient Light Suppression 2-9
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements 2-12
3. Specifications and Regulatory Information
Specifications 3-3
Regulatory Information 3-9
4. Reference
Instrument Options 4-3
Accessories 4-3
Front-Panel Fiber-Optic Adapters 4-4
AC Line-Power Cords 4-5
Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices 4-6
5. Servicing
General Information 5-4
Electrostatic Discharge Information 5-10
Troubleshooting 5-12
Performance Tests 5-18
Adjustment Procedures 5-22
Replacing Instrument Assemblies 5-28
Replaceable Parts 5-35
Contents-1
Contents
Contents-2
1
Getting Started
Getting Started
Getting Started
Getting Started
The instructions in this chapter show you how to install your HP 83437A. You
should be able to finish these procedures in about ten to twenty minutes.
After you’ve completed this chapter, continue with Chapter 2, “Making Mea-
surements”.
Refer to Chapter 3, “Specifications and Regulatory Information” for information on operating conditions such as temperature.
If you should ever need to clean the cabinet, use a damp cloth only.
WARNING
CAUTION
CAUTION
CAUTION
This is a Safety Class I product (provided with a protective earthing
ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be
inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact.
Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the
product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional
interruption is prohibited.
This product has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply voltage is
within the specified range.
VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS: When installing the product in a cabinet, the
convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient
temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating
temperature of the product by 4°C for every 100 watts dissipated in the
cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts,
then forced convection must be used.
This product is designed for use in INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and
POLLUTION DEGREE 2, per IEC 1010 and 664 respectively.
1-2
What you’ll find in this chapter
Step 1. Inspect the Shipment 1-4
Step 2. Check the Fuse 1-6
Step 3. Connect the Line-Power Cable 1-7
Step 4. Turn on the HP 83437A 1-9
Returning the Instrument for Service 1-10
Getting Started
Getting Started
Measurement accuracy—it’s up to you!
Fiber-optic connectors are easily damaged when connected to dirty or damaged cables
and accessories. The HP 83437A’s front-panel OPTICAL OUT connector is no exception.
When you use improper cleaning and handling techniques, you risk expensive instrument repairs, damaged cables, and compromised measurements.
Before you connect any fiber-optic cable to the HP 83437A, “Cleaning Connections for
Accurate Measurements” on page 2-12.
1-3
Getting Started
Step 1. Inspect the Shipment
Step 1. Inspect the Shipment
1. Verify that all components ordered have arrived by comparing the shipping
forms to the original purchase order. Inspect all shipping containers.
If your shipment is damaged or incomplete, save the packing materials
and notify both the shipping carrier and the nearest Hewlett-Packard
sales and service office. HP will arrange for repair or replacement of
damaged or incomplete shipments without waiting for a settlement from
the transportation company. Notify the HP customer engineer of any
problems.
2. Make sure that the serial number and options listed on the instrument’s
rear-panel label match the serial number and options listed on the shipping
document. The following figure is an example of the rear-panel serial
number label:
1-4
Step 1. Inspect the Shipment
Table 1-1. HP 83437A Options
Option Description
001 1550 nm isolator (offered only with standard instrument or Option 022)
002 1200 nm EELED source installed
003 1310 nm EELED source installed
004 1430 nm EELED source installed
005 Delete 1550 nm EELED source
006 1650 nm EELED source installed
011 Diamond HMS-10 fiber-optic input connector interface
013 DIN 47256 fiber-optic input connector interface
014 ST fiber-optic input connector interface
017 SC fiber-optic input connector interface
Getting Started
022 Angled contact fiber-optic output interface. Angled contact connects only with
FC/PC and Diamond HMS-10.
1-5
Getting Started
Step 2. Check the Fuse
Step 2. Check the Fuse
1. Locate the line-input connector on the instrument’s rear panel.
2. Disconnect the line-power cable if it is connected.
3. Use a small flat-blade screwdriver to open the pull-out fuse drawer.
WARNING
4. Verify that the value of the line-voltage fuse in the pull-out drawer is
correct. The recommended fuse is an IEC 127 5×20 mm, 6.3A, 250 V, HP
part number 2110-0703.
Notice that an extra fuse is provided in a drawer located on the fuse holder.
For continued protection against fire hazard, replace line fuse only
with same type and ratings, (type T 6.3A/250V for 100/240V
operation). The use of other fuses or materials is prohibited.
1-6
Step 3. Connect the Line-Power Cable
Step 3. Connect the Line-Power Cable
Getting Started
CAUTION
CAUTION
CAUTION
Always use the three-prong AC power cord supplied with this instrument.
Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause
instrument damage.
Do not
connect ac power until you have verified the line voltage is correct as
described in the following paragraphs. Damage to the equipment could result.
This instrument has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply voltage
is within the specified range.
1. Verify that the line power meets the requirements shown in the following
table.
Line Power Requirements
Power: 115 VAC: 50 WATTS MAX. .
230 VAC: 50 WATTS MAX.
Voltage nominal: 115 VAC / 230 VAC
range 115 VAC: 90-132 V
range 230 VAC: 198-254 V
Frequency nominals: 50 Hz / 60 Hz
range: 47-63 Hz
2. Connect the line-power cord to the instrument’s rear-panel connector.
1-7
Getting Started
Step 3. Connect the Line-Power Cable
3. Connect the other end of the line-power cord to the power receptacle.
Various power cables are available to connect the HP 83437A to ac power outlets unique to specific geographic areas. The cable appropriate for the area to
which the HP 83437A is originally shipped is included with the unit. You can
order additional ac power cables for use in different geographic areas. Refer to
“AC Line-Power Cords” on page 4-5.
1-8
Step 4. Turn on the HP 83437A
Getting Started
Step 4. Turn on the HP 83437A
1. Press the front-panel
The front-panel
supply after the EMC filters and before other parts of the instrument.
2. Use the front-panel
If the HP 83437A fails to turn on properly, consider the following possibilities:
• Is the line fuse good?
• Does the line socket have power?
• Is it plugged into the proper ac power source?
If the instrument still fails, return it to Hewlett-Packard for repair. Refer to
“Returning the Instrument for Service” on page 1-10.
LINE
key.
LINE
switch disconnects the mains circuits from the mains
ACTIVE
key to turn the light output on and off.
1-9
Getting Started
Returning the Instrument for Service
Returning the Instrument for Service
The instructions in this section show you how to properly package the instrument for return to a Hewlett-Packard service office. For a list of offices, refer
to “Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices” on page 4-6.
If the instrument is still under warranty or is covered by an HP maintenance
contract, it will be repaired under the terms of the warranty or contract (the
warranty is at the front of this manual). If the instrument is no longer under
warranty or is not covered by an HP maintenance plan, Hewlett-Packard will
notify you of the cost of the repair after examining the unit.
When an instrument is returned to a Hewlett-Packard service office for servicing, it must be adequately packaged and have a complete description of the
failure symptoms attached.
When describing the failure, please be as specific as possible about the nature
of the problem. Include copies of additional failure information (such as
instrument failure settings, data related to instrument failure, and error messages) along with the instrument being returned.
Please notify the service office before returning your instrument for service.
Any special arrangements for the instrument can be discussed at this time.
This will help the HP service office repair and return your instrument as
quickly as possible.
1-10
Getting Started
Returning the Instrument for Service
Preparing the instrument for shipping
1. Write a complete description of the failure and attach it to the instrument.
Include any specific performance details related to the problem. The
following information should be returned with the instrument.
• Type of service required.
• Date instrument was returned for repair.
• Description of the problem:
• Whether problem is constant or intermittent.
• Whether instrument is temperature-sensitive.
• Whether instrument is vibration-sensitive.
• Instrument settings required to reproduce the problem.
• Performance data.
• Company name and return address.
• Name and phone number of technical contact person.
• Model number of returned instrument.
• Full serial number of returned instrument.
• List of any accessories returned with instrument.
CAUTION
CAUTION
2. Cover all front or rear-panel connectors that were originally covered when
you first received the instrument.
Cover electrical connectors to protect sensitive components from electrostatic
damage. Cover optical connectors to protect them from damage due to physical
contact or dust.
Instrument damage can result from using packaging materials other than the
original materials. Never use styrene pellets as packaging material. They do not
adequately cushion the instrument or prevent it from shifting in the carton.
They may also cause instrument damage by generating static electricity.
3. Pack the instrument in the original shipping containers. Original materials
are available through any Hewlett-Packard office. Or, use the following
guidelines:
• Wrap the instrument in antistatic plastic to reduce the possibility of
damage caused by electrostatic discharge.
• For instruments weighing less than 54 kg (120 lb), use a double-walled,
1-11
Getting Started
Returning the Instrument for Service
corrugated cardboard carton of 159 kg (350 lb) test strength.
• The carton must be large enough to allow approximately 7 cm (3 inches)
on all sides of the instrument for packing material, and strong enough to
accommodate the weight of the instrument.
• Surround the equipment with approximately 7 cm (3 inches) of packing
material, to protect the instrument and prevent it from moving in the
carton. If packing foam is not available, the best alternative is S.D-240
Air Cap™ from Sealed Air Corporation (Commerce, California 90001).
Air Cap looks like a plastic sheet filled with air bubbles. Use the pink
(antistatic) Air Cap™ to reduce static electricity. Wrapping the instrument several times in this material will protect the instrument and prevent it from moving in the carton.
4. Seal the carton with strong nylon adhesive tape.
5. Mark the carton “FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE”.
6. Retain copies of all shipping papers.
1-12
2
Making Measurements
Making Measurements
Making Measurements
Making Measurements
In this chapter, you’ll find examples of making measurements using the
HP 83437A. These examples use your HP 83437A in conjunction with an
HP 71450/1/2B Optical Spectrum Analyzer. Because of the HP 83437A’s relatively high power density, the optical spectrum analyzer can sweep much
faster than if a white light source or surface emitting LED were used.
The last section of this chapter explains how to maintain top performance of
your instrument by using proper handling and cleaning techniques. Be sure to
read this section before using your HP 83437A.
2-2
What you’ll find in this chapter
Modulating the Output Light 2-4
Performing Stimulus-Response Measurements 2-5
To characterize a passive device 2-7
Ambient Light Suppression 2-9
To suppress ambient light 2-10
Cleaning Connections for Accurate Measurements 2-12
Cleaning Optical Connectors 2-13
Cleaning Electrical Connections 2-19
Making Measurements
Making Measurements
2-3
Making Measurements
Modulating the Output Light
Modulating the Output Light
The rear panel of the instrument is equipped with a
tor for each installed source. You can use these connectors to digitally modulate the source or completely disable its output light.
Digital modulation requires a TTL compatible signal. Modulation rates can
range from DC to 100 kHz. A “high” TTL value turns the source on. A “low”
TTL value turns the source off. The following schematic shows the input circuitry for each
If you want to turn a source off, simply connect a BNC short to the rear-panel
modulation input. You can order a BNC short from HP using the following part
number: 1250-0774.
MODULATION INPUT
connector.
MODULATION INPUT
connec-
2-4
Making Measurements
Performing Stimulus-Response Measurements
Performing Stimulus-Response Measurements
This section shows you how to perform stimulus-response measurements. The
more wavelength options your HP 83437A has installed, the wider the wavelength range that can be measured. The combination of using the HP 83437A
for broadband stimulus and the optical spectrum analyzer for selective
response provides the following benefits:
• All wavelengths are available simultaneously
• Fast measurement speeds
• Small coherence length
• High dynamic range and high resolution
Measurements for DWDM systems
The following figure shows a system which is well suited for characterizing
dense wavelength-division multiplexed (DWDM) components. These include
devices such as phased arrays and add and drop demultiplexers.
The polarization controller is used to characterize polarization dependencies
of a device. For example, the center wavelength shift or the polarization
dependent loss of a demultiplexer. Because the HP 83437A emits unpolarized
light, if you need polarized light, add a polarizer.
Increasing wavelength accuracy
When measuring deep-notch filters, increased absolute wavelength accuracy
may be required. To increase wavelength accuracy, the combination of an
HP 8168E/F Tunable Laser Source and the HP 86120A Multi-Wavelength
Meter can be used to calibrate the optical spectrum analyzer. Simply enter the
difference between the two wavelength readings (optical spectrum analyzer
and multi-wavelength meter) into the optical spectrum analyzer as a correction factor. Refer to the user’s guide for the optical spectrum analyzer to learn
how to enter correction factors. If you use this technique, be aware that the
HP 8168E/F measures wavelength in a vacuum and the optical spectrum analyzer measures wavelength in air unless you change its settings.
2-5
Making Measurements
Performing Stimulus-Response Measurements
Characterizing an optical amplifier
In addition to the measurement described in this section, the HP 83437A is an
ideal broadband light source for measuring the noise-gain profile of optical
amplifiers. This allows you to accurately predict the amplifier’s performance in
a 4, 8, or 16 channel DWDM systems. The HP 71452B Optical Spectrum Analyzers is ideal for performing these measurements. For more information,
refer to HP product notes 71452-1, -2, and -3 which are available from your
local Hewlett Packard Company sales and service office.
2-6
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