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Manual Part Number
81980-90A11
Edition
Fourth edition, April 2005
Third edition, January 2005
Second edition, July 2004
First edition, October 2003
Printed in Germany
Subject Matter
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Safety Notices
CAUTION
A CAUTION notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly
performed or adhered to, could
result in damage to the product
or loss of important data. Do not
proceed beyond a CAUTION
notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood
and met.
WARNING
A WARNING notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice,
or the like that, if not correctly
performed or adhered to, could
result in personal injury or
death. Do not proceed beyond a
WARNING notice until the
indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices
For more information about Agilent Technologies test and measurement
products, applications, services, and for a current sales office listing, viesit
our web site:
http://www.agilent.com/comms/lightwave
You can also contact one of the following centers and ask for a test and
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In This Guide...
Chapter 1, “Getting Started.
This chapter contains an introductory description of the modules and aims
to make the modules familiar to you.
Chapter 2, “Accessories.
This chapter contains details of the various modules and options available.
Chapter 3, “Specifications.
This chapter contains the full performance specifications for the modules.
Chapter 4, “Performance Tests.
This chapter contains full detailed instructions that enable you to run a
performance test on a High Power Optical Attenuator. Also included are
Test Report sheets to record the measurements taken during the
performance test.
Chapter 5, “Cleaning Information.
This appendix contains information as to how best clean your instrument,
along with some general safety instructions that you should follow when
cleaning your instrument.
Table of Contents
Getting Started11
Safety Considerations12
Safety Symbols12
Initial Inspection13
Line Power Requirements13
Operating Environment13
Input/Output Signals14
Storage and Shipment14
Initial Safety Information for Tunable Laser Modules15
Laser Safety Labels16
Introduction17
Typical Use Models20
Optical Output22
Polarization Maintaining Fiber22
Angled and Straight Contact Connectors23
Test Record91
Test Record101
Test Record111
Test Record118
Test Record128
Cleaning Information139
Cleaning Instructions140
Safety Precautions140
Why is it important to clean optical devices ?141
What do I need for proper cleaning?142
Preserving Connectors146
Cleaning Instrument Housings146
Which Cleaning Procedure should I use?147
How to clean connectors148
How to clean connector interfaces150
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to
comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this
manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended
use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies Inc. assumes no liability for
the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Before operation, review the instrument and manual, including the red
safety page, for safety markings and instructions. You must follow these to
ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in safe condition.
CAUTIONWARNING
The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a
procedure, practice or the like, which, if not correctly performed
or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed
beyond a WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
Safety Symbols
The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the
user to refer to the instruction manual in order to protect the apparatus
against damage.
Inspect the shipping container for damage. If there is damage to the
container or cushioning, keep them until you have checked the contents of
the shipment for completeness and verified the instrument both
mechanically and electrically.
The Performance Tests give procedures for checking the operation of the
instrument. If the contents are incomplete, mechanical damage or defect
is apparent, or if an instrument does not pass the operator’s checks, notify
the nearest Agilent Technologies Sales/Service Office.
CAUTIONWARNING
CAUTIONWARNING
To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not perform electrical
tests when there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of
the outer enclosure (covers, panels, etc.).
You MUST return instruments with malfunctioning laser modules
to an Agilent Technologies Sales/Service Center for repair and
calibration.
Line Power Requirements
The Agilent 81980A, 81940A, 81944A, 81989A and 81949A Compact
Tunable Laser Source modules operate when installed in Agilent 8163A/B
Lightwave Multimeters, Agilent 8164A/B Lightwave Measurement
Systems, and Agilent 8166A/B Lightwave Multichannel Systems.
Operating Environment
The safety information in your mainframe’s User’s Guide summarizes the
operating ranges for the Agilent 81980A, 81940A, 81944A, 81989A and
81949A Compact Tunable Laser Source modules. In order for these
modules to meet specifications, the operating environment must be within
the limits specified for your mainframe.
Laser Class according to
IEC 60825-1 (2001)- Intl.
Max. permissible CW
output power**
* Max. CW output power is defined as the highest possible optical power that the laser source can produce at its output
connector.
** Max. permissible CW output power is the highest optical power that is permitted within the appropriate laser class.
A sheet of laser safety labels is included with the laser module as required.
In order to meet the requirements of IEC 60825-1 we recommend that you
stick the laser safety labels, in your language, onto a suitable location on
the outside of the instrument where they are clearly visible to anyone
using the instrument.
CAUTIONWARNING
Please pay attention to the following laser safety warning:
Under no circumstances look into the end of an optical cable
attached to the optical output when the device is operational. The
laser radiation can seriously damage your eyesight.
Do not enable the laser when there is no fiber attached to the
optical output connector.
The laser is enabled by pressing the ’active’ button close to the
optical output connector on the front panel of the module. The
laser is on when the green LED on the front panel of the instrument
is lit.
The use of optical instruments with this product will increase eye
hazard.
The laser module has a built-in safety circuitry which will disable
the optical output in the case of a fault condition
Refer servicing only to qualified and authorized personnel.
A Tunable Laser Source (TLS) is a laser source for which the wavelength
can be varied through a specified range. The Agilent Technologies range of
TLS modules also allow you to set the output power, and to choose
between continuous wave or modulated power.
The Agilent Technologies range of compact TLS modules are flexible
stimulus modules suitable for applications such as the testing of optical
amplifiers, DWDM components, and complete DWDM systems.
Installation
The Agilent 81980A, 81940A, 81944A, 81989A, 81949A Compact TLS
modules are front-loadable modules.
For a description of how to install your module, refer to “How to Fit and
Remove Modules” in the Installation and Maintenance chapter of your
mainframe’s User’s Guide.
Switch the laser source on or off using the switch on its front panel, using
the [State] parameter in the instrument’s Graphical User Interface, or
remotely using GP-IB commands. When the Active LED is lit the source is
emitting radiation. When the Active LED is not lit the source is not emitting
radiation.
High power compact Tunable Laser modules for S-, C- and L-band
The Agilent 81980A, 81940A, 81944A, 81989A, 81949A Compact TLS
modules provide high output power up to +13 dBm.
Each module covers a total wavelength range of 110 nm, either:
•In the S and C-bands
with the high power in C-band (81980A and 81989A), or
•In the C and L-bands
with the high power in the L-band (81940A, 81944A and 81949A).
Their compact single-slot format makes them a flexible and cost-effective
stimulus for single channel and multichannel DWDM applications
Device Characterization at high power levels
The high optical output power of the Agilent 81980A, 81940A, 81944A,
81989A, 81949A Compact TLS module improves the testing of all types of
optical amplifiers and other active components as well as broadband
passive optical components. It helps overcome losses in test setups or in
the device under test itself. Thus, engineers can test optical amplifiers
such as EDFAs, Raman amplifiers, SOAs and EDWAs to their limits. This
tunable laser provides the high power levels required to help speed the
development of innovative devices by enabling the test and measurement
of nonlinear effects.
SBS suppression feature enables high launch power
A new SBS Suppression feature avoids the reflection of light induced by
Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS). It enables the launch of the high
optical output power into long fibers without intensity modulation to avoid
impairment in time-domain measurements.
Coherence Control avoids interference-induced power
fluctuations
A high-frequency modulation function is used to increase the effective
linewidth to avoid power fluctuations due to coherent interference effects
The modulation pattern is optimized for stable power measurements, even
in the presence of reflections.
Built-in wavelength meter for active wavelength control
The 81980A, 81940A and 81944A feature a built-in wavelength meter with
a closed feedback loop for enhanced wavelength accuracy. In continuous
sweep mode, it allows dynamic wavelength logging to make
measurements during the sweep.
Dynamic power control for excellent reproducibility
The integrated dynamic power control loop ensures a high reproducibility
in power level. This allows highly repeatable measurements to reduce
errors when comparing the results of several wavelength sweeps. As
these modules feature mode-hop free tunability over their entire tuning
range with continuous output power, they achieve highly accurate
measurements over wavelength.
Continuous Sweep Mode with wavelength logging
All 819xxA modules can be operated in the stepped mode, usually used
where measurements are done at particular wavelength.
The 81980A, 81940A and 81944A can also be operated in the continuous
sweep mode with dynamic wavelength logging to make measurements
during the wavelength sweep.
Internal Modulation
The internal modulation feature enables an efficient and simple TimeDomain Extinction (TDE) method for Erbium based optical amplifier test
when used together with the external gating feature of Agilent's OSA.
It also supports the transient testing of optical amplifiers by simulating
channel add and drop events.
Specifications:
For further details on specifications, see the “Definition of Terms” in
Angled contact connectors are available as an option for Agilent 81980A,
81940A, 81944A, 81989A, 81949A Compact TLS modules.
Angled contact connectors help you to control return loss, since reflected
light tends to reflect into the cladding, reducing the amount of light that
reflects back to the source.
CAUTION
NOTE
If the contact connector on your instrument is angled, you can only
use cables with angled connectors with the instrument
Angled Contact
Connector Symbol
Figure 7 Angled and Straight Contact Connector Symbols
Figure 7 shows the symbols that tell you whether the contact connector of
your Tunable Laser module is angled or straight. The angled contact
connector symbol is colored green.
You should connect straight contact fiber end connectors with neutral
sleeves to straight contact connectors and connect angled contact fiber
end connectors with green sleeves to angled contact connectors.
Angled non-contact fiber end connectors with orange sleeves cannot be
directly connected to the instrument.
Straight Contact
Connector Symbol
See “Connector Interfaces” on page 28 for further details on connector
interfaces and accessories.
The Agilent 81980A, 81940A, 81944A, 81989A, 81949A Compact TLS
module are available in various configurations for the best possible match
to the most common applications.
This chapter provides information on the available options and
accessories.
The following connector interfaces are available for these Compact TLS
module:
Option 071:
Straight Contact Connectors
If you want to use straight connectors (such as FC/PC/SPC, E-2000,
SC/PC/SPC, DIN 47256 or ST) to connect to the instrument, you must do
the following:
1 Attach your connector interface to the interface adapter.
2 See Ta b l e 2 for a list of the available connector interfaces.
Table2 Straight Contact Connector Interfaces
DescriptionModel number
FC/PC/SPCAgilent 81000 FI
Table 3 Angled Contact Connector Interfaces
E-2000Agilent 81000 HI
SC/PC/SPCAgilent 81000 KI
DIN 47256 / 4108.6Agilent 81000 SI
STAgilent 81000 VI
3 Connect your cable.
Option 072:
Angled Contact Connectors
If you want to use angled connectors (such as E-2000 APC, SC/APC,
FC/APC or DIN 4108.6/4108.6) to connect to the instrument, you must do
the following:
1 Attach your connector interface to the interface adapter.
2 See Ta b l e 3 for a list of the available connector interfaces.
DescriptionModel number
E-2000 APCAgilent 81000 HI
SC/APCAgilent 81000 KI
FC/APCAgilent 81000 NI
DIN 47256 / 4108.6Agilent 81000 SI