Errata
8167B/8D/8E/8F Tunable Laser Source User's Guide
08168-91031
February 1, 1998
Title & Document Type:
Manual Part Number:
Revision Date:
HP References in this Manual
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businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies. We have made no changes to this
manual copy. The HP XXXX referred to in this document is now the Agilent XXXX.
For example, model number HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A.
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User's Guide
HP 8167B/8D/8E/8F Tunable Laser Source
SERIAL NUMBERS
This guide applies to the 8167B, 8168D, 8168E and 8168F
tunable laser sources. It does not always apply to the 8167A.
Serial numbers of the 8167B begin with the letters DE.
ABCDE
HP Part No. 08168-91031
Printed in Germany
First Edition
E0298
Notices
This document contains proprietary
information that is protected by
copyright. All rights are reserved.
No part of this document may be
photocopied, reproduced, or
translated to another language
without the prior written consent of
Hewlett-Packard GmbH.
c
Copyright 1997 by:
Hewlett-Packard GmbH
Herrenberger Str. 130
71034 Boeblingen
Germany
Subject Matter
The information in this document is
subject to change without notice.
Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty
of any kind with regard to this
printed material, including, but not
limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability and tness for a
particular purpose.
Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable
for errors contained herein or for
incidental or consequential damages
in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.
Printing History
New editions are complete revisions
of the guide reecting alterations in
the functionality of the instrument.
Updates are occasionally made to
the guide between editions. The
date on the title page changes when
an updated guide is published. To
nd out the current revision of the
guide, or to purchase an updated
guide, contact your Hewlett-Packard
representative.
Warranty
This Hewlett-Packard instrument
product is warranted against defects
in material and workmanship for a
period of one year (8167A and
8168D) or three years (8168E and
8168F) from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, HP will,
at its option, either repair or replace
products that prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this
product must be returned to a service
facility designated by HP. Buyer shall
prepay shipping charges to HP and
HP shall pay shipping charges to
return the product to Buyer.
However, Buyer shall pay all shipping
charges, duties, and taxes for
products returned to HP from
another country.
HP warrants that its software and
rmware designated by HP for use
with an instrument will execute its
programming instructions when
properly installed on that instrument.
HP does not warrant that the
operation of the instrument,
software, or rmware will be
uninterrupted or error free.
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not
apply to defects resulting from
improper or inadequate maintenance
by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or
interfacing, unauthorized
modication or misuse, operation
outside of the environmental
specications for the product, or
improper site preparation or
maintenance.
No other warranty is expressed or
Exclusive Remedies
The remedies provided herein are
Buyer's sole and exclusive remedies.
Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable
for any direct, indirect, special,
incidental, or consequential
damages whether based on contract,
tort, or any other legal theory.
Assistance
Product maintenance agreements
and other customer assistance
agreements are available for
Hewlett-Packard products.For any
assistance contact your nearest
Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service
Oce.
Certication
Hewlett-Packard Company certies
that this product met its published
specications at the time of
shipment from the factory.
Hewlett-Packard further certies
that its calibration measurements
are traceable to the United States
National Institute of Standards and
Technology, NIST (formerly the
United States National Bureau of
Standards, NBS) to the extent
allowed by the Institutes's
calibration facility, and to the
calibration facilities of other
International Standards Organization
members.
ISO 9001 Certication
Produced to ISO 9001 international
quality system standard as part of
our objective of continually
increasing customer satisfaction
through improved process control.
implied. Hewlett-Packard specically
disclaims the implied warranties of
Merchantability and Fitness for a
Particular Purpose.
08168-91031 : First Edition : 1st July 1997 : E0797 : 1st September 1997 : E0997 : 1st February 1998 : E0298
Safety Summary
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases
of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to comply with
these precautions or with specic warnings elsewhere in this manual violates
safety standards of design, manufacture
, and intended use of the instrument.
Hewlett-Packard Company assumes no liability for the customer's failure to
comply with these requirements.
General
This is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with terminal for
protective earthing) and has been manufactured and tested according to
international safety standards.
Operation - Before applying power
Comply with the installation section.
Additionally, the following shall be observed:
Do not remove instrument covers when operating.
Before the instrument is switched on, all protective earth terminals
, extension
cords, auto-transformers and devices connected to it should be connected to a
protective earth via a ground socket. Any interruption of the protective earth
grounding will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in serious
personal injury.
Whenever it is likely that the protection has been impaired, the instrument
must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.
Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specied
type (normal blow, time delay, etc.) are used for replacement. The use of
repaired fuses and the short-circuiting of fuseholders must be avoided.
Adjustments described in the manual are performed with power supplied to
the instrument while protective covers are removed. Be aware that energy at
many points may, if contacted, result in personal injury.
Any adjustments, maintenance, and repair of the opened instrument under
voltage should be avoided as much as possible, and when unavoidable, should
be carried out only by a skilled person who is aware of the hazard involved.
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable
of rendering rst aid and resuscitation is present. Do not replace components
with power cable connected.
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of ammable gases or fumes.
Operation of any electrical instrument in such an enviroment constitutes a
denite safety hazard.
Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modication to
the instrument.
Be aware that capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if
the instrument has been disconnected from its source of supply.
iv
Safety Symbols
L
The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is
necessary for the user to refer to the instruction manual in
order to protect the apparatus against damage.
Caution, risk of electric shock.
Frame or chassis terminal.
Protective conductor terminal.
Hazardous laser radiation.
Warning
Caution
The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to
a procedure, practice or the like, which, if not correctly
performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of
life. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until the
indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to
an operating procedure, practice or the like, which, if not
correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to
or destruction of part or all of the equipment. Do not proceed
beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
v
Initial Safety Information for the Tunable Laser
Source
The Specications for these instruments are as follows:
HP 8167B HP 8168D HP 8168E HP 8168F
Laser Type
Fabry Fabry Fabry Fabry
Perot-Laser Perot-Laser Perot-Laser Perot-Laser
InGaAsP InGaAsP InGaAsP InGaAsP
Laser Class
According to 21 CFR 1040.20 IIIb 1 1 IIIb
(USA, Canada, Japan)
According to IEC 825-1 3A 3A 3A 3A
(Other countries)
EN 60825-1 Europe
Permissible Output Power (CW)
Beam Diameter
Numerical Aperture
Wavelength
<
9.9mW
<
1.6mW
<
1.6mW
<
9.9mW
9m 9m 9m 9m
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
1255-1365nm 1490-1565nm 1475-1575nm 1450-1590nm
Note
Note
vi
All Tunable Laser Source modules (8167B, 8168D/68E/68F) use
two LED devices (HLMP-1503) as indicator lamps on the front
panel. These LED devices are measured to be less than AEL
Class 1 Laser Products per EN60825-1 Standard.
USA
Class 1 laser safety warning labels, required for the 8168D
and 8168E in the USA, Canada, or Japan.
Class IIIb stickers, required for 8167B and 8168F in the
USA, Canada, and Japan.
Caution
Note
The use of optical instruments with this product will increase
eye hazard.
Other countries
(not USA, Canada, or Japan)
Class 3A stickers, required for all Tunable Laser Sources
outside the USA, Canada, and Japan.
vii
Class 3A Output Power stickers, required for all
Tunable Laser Sources outside the USA, Canada, and
Japan.
Note
Note
Warning
Warning
Warning
A sheet of laser safety warning labels are included with the
instrument. You
onto the outside of the instrument, in a position where they are
clearly visible to anyone using the instrument.
You
MUST
to an HP Service Center for repair and calibration.
The instrument has built in safety circuitry that will disable the
optical output in the case of a fault condition.
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of
procedures other than those specied for the laser source
may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
Refer Servicing only to qualied and authorized personnel.
Do not enable the laser when there is no ber attached to
the optical output connector.
MUST
return instruments with malfunctioning laser boxes
stick the labels in the local language
viii
The optical output connector is at the bottom right of the
instrument front panel.
The laser is enabled by pressing the gray button beside
the optical output connector on the front panel. The laser
is enabled when the green LED on the front panel of the
instrument is lit.
Warning
Under no circumstances look into the end of an optical
cable attached to the optical output when the device is
operational.
The laser radiation is not visible to the human eye, but it
can seriously damage your eyesight.
ix
Introduction
This guide is arranged into ve categories:
Getting Started
This section gives an introduction to the instrument, and aims to make the
instrument familiar to you: Chapter 1.
Local Control
This is the information on how to control the instrument from the front panel:
Chapters 2 and 3.
Remote Control
This is the information on how to control the instrument over the HP-IB
is made of general information for using the HP-IB
some programming examples.: Chapters 4, 5, and 6.
Additional Information
This is supporting information of a non-operational nature. This contains
installation information, accessories, specications, function tests, cleaning
procedures, and error codes: Appendices A to F.
PACT software
Appendix G gives you information about using the Passive Component Test
Spftware.
, a command reference, and
. This
Attenuator
x
Some information in this manual applies only to the tunable
laser source with the built in optical attenuator (option 003).
This paragraph is marked the way that all the passages which
only apply to the attenuator option are marked in this manual.
Contents
1. Getting Started
What is a Tunable Laser Source? ................ 1-1
A description of the Front Panel .... ...... ...... 1-2
Starting the 8167B or 8168F .... ...... ...... .. 1-3
Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Changing the Value of a Parameter ............... 1-6
Making Big Changes to a Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Making a Small Change to a Parameter ............ 1-6
Setting a Parameter to its Default Value . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
If You Make a Mistake .... ...... ...... .... 1-8
If the Parameter Will Not Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
A Sample Session ...... ...... ........ ... 1-8
Measuring the Power of a Modulated Signal . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Setting the Wavelength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Setting the Modulated Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Measuring a Wavelength Characteristic ............ 1-11
Setting Up the Wavelength Sweep ............. 1-11
Performing the Wavelength Characteristic Measurement .. . 1-12
2. Setting Wavelength and Power
Setting the Wavelength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Setting the Wavelength Directly ...... ...... ... 2-2
Setting a Relative Wavelength ...... ...... .... 2-3
Changing the Base Wavelength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Performing a Wavelength Sweep ................ 2-4
Setting the Wavelength Sweep ................ 2-5
Setting the Maximum Power for the Sweep Range . . . . . . . 2-5
Executing an Automatic Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Performing a Manual Sweep .... ...... ....... 2-6
Setting the Power ....................... 2-8
Setting the Output Power of a CW Signal ........... 2-8
Setting Power and Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Contents-1
What is Excessive Power? .................. 2-9
The Analog Output ..................... 2-9
Setting a Modulated Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Using the Internal Modulation ................ 2-11
Setting the Output Power of a Modulated Signal . . . . . . . 2-11
Setting the Frequency of a Modulated Signal ........ 2-11
The Modulation Output .................. 2-12
Using External Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Setting the Output Power of a Modulated Signal . . . . . . . 2-13
The Modulation Input ...... ........ ..... 2-13
Using Coherence Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Setting the Output Power of a Coherence Control Signal .. .. 2-13
The Coherence Control Uncal Power ............. 2-14
3. Other Functions
Storing and Recalling Instrument Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Using the System Utilities ................... 3-2
Switching the Instrument into Stand-By . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Increasing the Lifetime of the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Setting the HP-IB Address .................. 3-4
Setting the Modulation Output .... ...... ...... 3-4
Getting Information about the Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Setting the Date and Time ...... ...... ...... 3-4
Performing a Selftest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auxiliary Functions .... ...... ........ .... 3-6
Viewing the Power as a Function of Wavelength . . . . . . . . 3-6
Setting the Peak Power ................... 3-7
Passive Component Test (PACT).. ...... ...... .. 3-7
Automatic Realignment ................... 3-7
Secure .......... ...... ...... ..... 3-9
Lock the Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Change the Password .... ...... ..... .... 3-11
3-5
4. Programming the Tunable Laser Source
HP-IB Interface ........................ 4-1
Setting the HP-IB Address .... ........ ...... . 4-3
Returning the Instrument to Local Control ........... 4-3
How the Tunable Laser Source Receives and Transmits Messages . 4-3
How the Input Queue Works ................. 4-3
Clearing the Input Queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
The Output Queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Contents-2
The Error Queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Conventions 4-5
Short Form and Long Form.................. 4-5
Command and Query Syntax ................. 4-5
5. Remote Commands
Units ............................. 5-1
Command Summary ...................... 5-2
The Common Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Common Status Information ................. 5-5
SRQ, The Service Request ................. 5-6
*CLS ............................ 5-7
*ESE ............................ 5-7
*ESE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
*ESR? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
*IDN? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
*OPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
*OPC? ........ ...... ...... ...... 5-10
*OPT? ...... ...... ...... ...... ... 5-10
*RCL ............................ 5-11
*RST ............................ 5-11
*SAV ............................ 5-12
*SRE ............................
*SRE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*STB? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
*TST? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
*WAI ............................ 5-16
:DISPlay Commands ...................... 5-16
:DISPlay:ENABle ...................... 5-16
:DISPlay:ENABle? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
:LOCK Commands ...... ...... ........ ... 5-17
:LOCK ........................... 5-17
:LOCK? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
:OUTPut Commands ...... ...... ........ .. 5-17
:OUTPut[:STATe]........ ...... ...... ... 5-17
:OUTPut[:STATe]? ........ ...... ...... . 5-18
[:SOURce] Commands ..................... 5-18
[:SOURce]:AM:INTernal:FREQuency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
[:SOURce]:AM:INTernal:FREQuency? ...... ...... 5-19
[:SOURce]:AM:SOURce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
[:SOURce]:AM:SOURce? .................. 5-19
5-12
5-13
Contents-3
[:SOURce]:AM:STATe....... ...... ...... .. 5-20
[:SOURce]:AM:STATe? ................... 5-20
[:SOURCE]:MODOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
[:SOURCE]:MODOUT? ........ ........ ... 5-21
[:SOURce]:POWer:ATTenuation ........ ...... .. 5-22
[:SOURce]:POWer:ATTenuation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
[:SOURce]:POWer:ATTenuation:AUTO ............. 5-23
[:SOURce]:POWer:ATTenuation:AUTO? ........... 5-23
[:SOURce]:POWer:ATTenuation:DARK............. 5-24
[:SOURce]:POWer:ATTenuation:DARK? ........... 5-24
[:SOURce]:POWer[:LEVel][:IMMediate][:AMPlitude] . . . . . . . 5-25
[:SOURce]:POWer[:LEVel][:IMMediate][:AMPlitude]? ..... 5-25
[:SOURce]:POWer:UNIT ................... 5-26
[:SOURce]:POWer:UNIT? .... ...... ...... .. 5-26
[:SOURce]:WAVElength[:CWj:FIXED] ...... ...... . 5-27
[:SOURce]:WAVElength[:CWj:FIXED]? . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
[:SOURce]:WAVElength:REFerence? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
[:SOURce]:WAVElength:REFerence:DISPlay .......... 5-28
[:SOURce]:WAVElength:FREQuency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
[:SOURce]:WAVElength:FREQuency? ............ 5-28
:STATus Commands ...................... 5-29
:STATus:OPERation:CONDition? ............... 5-30
:STATus:OPERation:ENABle .................
:STATus:OPERation:ENABle? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-31
5-31
:STATus:OPERation[:EVENt]? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31
:STATus:OPERation:NTRansition .... ...... ..... 5-32
:STATus:OPERation:NTRansition? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-32
:STATus:OPERation:PTRansition ............... 5-32
:STATus:OPERation:PTRansition? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-32
:STATus:QUEStionable:CONDition? .............. 5-33
:STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
:STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle? .............. 5-33
:STATus:QUEStionable[:EVENt]? ............... 5-34
:STATus:QUEStionable:NTRansition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
:STATus:QUEStionable:NTRansition? .... ...... .. 5-34
:STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35
:STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition? ............ 5-35
:STATus:PRESet .... ...... ...... ...... . 5-35
:SYSTem Commands ...................... 5-36
:SYSTem:DATe........................ 5-36
:SYSTem:DATe? ...... ...... ...... .... 5-36
Contents-4
:SYSTem:ERRor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36
:SYSTem:TIMe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37
:SYSTem:TIMe? ...................... 5-37
:TRACe Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37
:TRACe:CATalog? ...... ...... ...... .... 5-37
:TRACe:POINts?<trace name>............... 5-38
:TRACe[:DATa]?<trace name>...... ...... .... 5-38
Other Commands ....................... 5-38
WAVEACT.......................... 5-38
Passive Component Test software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-40
BDATA?
nn
...... ...... ........ .... 5-40
DOSMODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41
DOSMODE?
...... ...... ....... ...... 5-41
6. Programming Examples
Example 1 - Checking Communication ............. 6-2
Example 2 - Status Registers and Queues ............ 6-3
Example 3 - Measuring the Power of a Modulated Signal . . . . . 6-7
Example 4 - Measuring a Wavelength Characteristic .... ... 6-10
Example 5 - Increased Tuning Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
A. Installation
Safety Considerations .....................
Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AC Line Power Supply Requirements .... ...... .... A-2
Line Power Cable .. ...... ...... ....... . A-2
Changing the Battery ...... ...... ...... .. A-4
Changing the Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Operating and Storage Environment .. ...... ...... A-6
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Humidity .......................... A-6
Instrument Positioning and Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Switching on the Tunable Laser Source ............. A-7
Self test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Initializing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Stabilizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Stabilizing during Operation ................ A-8
Signal Outputs. ........................ A-9
Optical Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
HP-IB Interface ........................ A-10
Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
A-1
A-1
Contents-5
HP-IB Logic Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
Claims and Repackaging .................... A-12
Return Shipments to HP ................... A-12
B. Accessories
Mainframe .......................... B-1
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Option 003: ........................ B-2
Option 007: ........................ B-2
Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories . . . . . . . . . B-2
Option 021, Straight Contact Connector . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Option 022, Angled Contact Connector .......... B-4
Option 023, Diamond HMS-10/HRL Angled, Non-Contact
Connector ...................... B-6
HP-IB Cables and Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
C. Specications
Denition of Terms ...................... C-1
Performance Specications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
Supplementary Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal Modulation ....................
External modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coherence Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Polarization maintaining ber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
HP-IB Interface ...................... C-8
Passive Component Test Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8
Laser Class ........................ C-8
Environmental ........ ...... ...... .. C-8
Listed options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Other Specications ...................... C-9
Declaration of Conformity ................... C-10
C-7
C-7
C-7
Contents-6
D. Performance Tests
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Equipment Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Test Record .......................... D-2
Test Failure .......................... D-3
Instrument Specication ...... ........ ...... D-3
Wavelength Tests ....................... D-3
Relative Wavelength Accuracy ................ D-4
Wavelength Repeatability .................. D-5
Power Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6
Maximum Output Power ...... ...... ...... . D-7
Power Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-10
Power Flatness over Wavelength ............... D-14
Power Stability .. ...... ...... ........ . D-15
Source Spontaneous Emission ................. D-16
E. Cleaning Procedures
The Cleaning Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
Other Cleaning Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
Preserving Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
Cleaning Instrument Housings ................. E-4
Cleaning Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5
Cleaning Cable Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cleaning Connector Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-6
Cleaning Connector Interfaces ................ E-7
Cleaning Bare Fiber Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
Cleaning Bare Fiber Ends .. ...... ..... ..... E-8
Cleaning Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-9
Cleaning Large Area Lenses and Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . E-10
Cleaning Fixed Connector Interfaces .......... ... E-11
Cleaning Optical Glass Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-11
Cleaning Physical Contact Interfaces .... ...... ... E-11
Cleaning Recessed Lens Interfaces .............. E-12
Cleaning Fragile Optical Devices ........ ...... . E-12
Cleaning Metal Filters or Attenuator Gratings ......... E-13
E-5
Contents-7
F. Error Messages
Display Messages .. ...... ...... ...... ... F-1
HP-IB Messages .. ........ ...... ...... .. F-3
Instrument Specic Errors .................. F-3
Command Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-3
Execution Errors .. ...... ...... ...... .. F-6
Device-Specic Errors .................... F-7
Query Errors ........................ F-8
G. The Passive Component Test (PACT) software
Getting Started ...... ...... ....... ..... G-1
What is the Passive Component Test Software? ........ G-1
Starting the Passive Component Test Software . . . . . . . . . G-1
Getting Help while Using the System ............. G-2
Making Loss Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-3
Setting Up the Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-3
Making the Loss Measurement ................ G-4
Setting the Power Meter ...... ...... ...... . G-5
Setting the Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-6
Measuring the Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-7
Measuring the Device Under Test ...... ...... .. G-8
Looking at the Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-8
Example, Measuring the Characteristic of a Fabry-Perot Resonator G-8
Making Return Loss Measurements .. ...... ...... . G-12
Setting Up the Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-12
Making the Return Loss Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-13
Setting the Power Meter ...... ...... ...... . G-15
Setting the Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-16
Measuring the Reference Reection . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-17
Measuring the Termination Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . G-17
Including or Excluding the Termination Parameter . . . . . G-18
Measuring the Termination Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . G-18
Measuring the Device Under Test ...... ...... .. G-18
Looking at the Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-19
Example, Measuring the Return Loss of a Fabry-Perot Resonator G-20
Making Loss Ratio Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-25
Setting Up the Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-25
Making the Loss Ratio Measurement .... ...... ... G-26
Setting the Power Meter ...... ...... ...... . G-28
Setting the Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-29
Measuring the Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-30
Contents-8
Measuring the Device Under Test.... ...... .... G-30
Looking at the Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-31
Example, Measuring the Characteristic of a Wavelength Division
Multiplexer .. ...... ...... ...... ... G-32
Printing Your Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-36
Setting Up the Printer ...... ........ ...... G-37
Setting Up the Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-37
Setting Up the Printer in Software ...... ...... . G-38
Selecting the Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-39
Setting the Layout of the Printout .......... .... G-39
Setting the X- or Y-Axis Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-41
Editing Text for a Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-41
To Replace Text ..................... G-42
To Change the Cursor Position in the Text......... G-42
To Change between Overwriting and Inserting . . . . . . . G-42
To Put Characters into the Text.............. G-43
To End the Edit .. ...... ...... ...... . G-43
Showing the Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-43
Selecting the Result to Show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-43
Selecting Non-Standard Other Results . . . . . . . . . . . G-44
Previewing the Results on the Display ........... G-44
Making Readings from the Results ............ G-45
Printing the Results ....................
G-46
Example, Printing Results of Loss against Wavelength ..... G-47
Saving Your Results .. ...... ...... ....... . G-51
Formatting a Memory Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-52
Saving a Measurement or Result .......... ..... G-53
Selecting the Measurement or Result to Save .. ...... G-53
Saving the Measurement or Result ............. G-54
Saving to Your Own Filename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-54
To Replace a Filename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-54
To Change the Cursor Position in the Filename . . . . . . . G-54
To Change between Overwriting and Inserting . . . . . . . G-55
To Put Characters into the Filename ........... G-55
To End the Edit and Save the Measurement or Result ... G-55
Loading a Measurement or Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-56
Deleting a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-57
Example, Moving Termination Data to the DUT Data Area ... G-58
Using Data on a PC ...................... G-60
If the Data is Already On Your PC . . . .. ...... ... G-61
Contents-9
If the Data is On the Memory Card in your Tunable Laser
Source . . . ...................... G-61
Developing Your Own Converter ........ ...... G-62
Reading .SLK Files into a Spreadsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . G-62
Microsoft Excel ..................... G-62
Borland Quattro Pro/Windows ...... ...... .. G-62
Lotus 1-2-3W ...... ...... ........ .. G-62
Error Code Descriptions .................. G-62
The Result and Measurement Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . G-65
Backdating Information .... ...... ........ .. G-71
Index
Contents-10
Figures
1-1. The Tunable Laser Source Front Panel ...... ...... 1-2
1-2. Starting Screen for the 8167B/8168F ............. 1-3
1-3. \Secure: Unlock Instrument" Screen ............. 1-4
1-4. \Secure" Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1-5. A Summary of the Help Hard- and Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1-6. The Help Topics Menu .................... 1-5
1-7. Connecting the Instruments for the Sample Session .. .... 1-9
1-8. Tunable Laser Source Display after Setting Up W
avelength and
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-9. Tunable Laser Source Display during Setting Up for the
Wavelength Sweep .................... 1-12
2-1. A Summary of the additional Output Power Softkeys for the
Attenuator Option .................... 2-2
2-2. Setting the Wavelength Directly .... ...... ..... 2-2
2-3. Setting a Relative Wavelength .... ...... ...... 2-3
2-4. Setting Up for a Wavelength Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2-5. The Parameters for a Wavelength Sweep ........ ... 2-5
2-6. Performing a Manual Sweep .... ...... ...... . 2-7
2-7. Setting the Output Power of a CW Signal ........... 2-8
2-8. The Modulated Signal .................... 2-11
2-9. Setting the Output Power of an Internally Modulated Signal .. 2-11
2-10. External Modulation and Output Power . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2-11. Setting the Output Power of an Externally Modulated Signal . . 2-13
2-12. Setting the Output Power of a Coherence Controlled Signal . . . 2-14
2-13. The Coherence Control Uncalibrated Power and the Maximum
Power Level ....................... 2-14
3-1. User Setting Number 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3-2. Summary of the Setting Hard- and Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3-3. The System Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3-4. Summary of the System Hard- and Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3-5. Auxiliary Functions (8168D/E) .......... ...... 3-6
3-6. Auxiliary Functions (8167B and 8168F) ........ .... 3-6
1-11
Contents-11
3-7. Auto Realignment ...................... 3-8
3-8. \Secure" screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-9. \Secure: Lock Instrument" screen .............. 3-10
3-10. \Secure" screen - instrument is locked ........ .... 3-10
3-11. \Secure: Unlock Instrument" screen ............. 3-10
3-12. \Secure: Change Password" screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3-13. \Secure: Change Password": Enter new password . . . . . . . 3-11
3-14. \Secure: Change Password": Enter new password again . . . . 3-11
5-1. Common Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5-2. The Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
6-1. Connecting the Instruments for the Sample Session ...... 6-8
6-2. Measurement setup for Increased Tuning Linearity ...... 6-12
6-3. Flow chart describing Increased Tuning Linearity program. . . . 6-13
A-1. Line Power Cables - Plug Identication ............ A-2
A-2. Rear Panel Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
A-3. Releasing the Fuse Holder .. ...... ...... .... A-5
A-4. The Fuse Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
A-5. Correct Positioning of the Tunable Laser Source . . . . . . . . A-7
A-6. PMF Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
A-7. HP-IB Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
B-1. Tunable Laser Source Options Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
B-2. Tunable Laser Source Option 021 Conguration ........ B-3
B-3. Tunable Laser Source Option 022 Conguration ........ B-5
B-4. Tunable Laser Source Option 023 Conguration ........ B-6
C-1. Maximum Specied Output Power for 8168D, E and F (without
options) ......................... C-1
D-1. Test Setup for the Wavelength Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4
D-2. Test Setup for the Maximum Output Power Test (HP 8168D,E) . D-8
D-3. Test Setup for the Maximum Output Power Test (HP 8167B and
8168F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-9
D-4. Test Setup for the Power Tests (except Maximum Output Power) D-11
D-5. Test Setup for the Source Spontaneous Emission Test...... D-17
G-1. The Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-2
G-2. A Summary of the Help Hard- and Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . G-2
G-3. The Help Topics Menu .... ...... ...... .... G-2
G-4. Hardware Set-Up for a Loss Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . G-3
G-5. A Summary of the Loss Softkeys ............... G-4
G-6. The Loss Measurement Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-5
G-7. The Set Power Meter Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-6
G-8. The Parameters for a Wavelength Sweep ....... .... G-7
G-9. Measuring the Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-7
Contents-12
G-10. Test Set-Up to Characterize a Fabry-Perot Resonator . . . . . . G-9
G-11. Hardware Set-Up for a Return Loss Measurement ...... . G-13
G-12. A Summary of the Return Loss Softkeys ........... G-14
G-13. The Return Loss Measurement Display .......... .. G-14
G-14. The Set Power Meter Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-15
G-15. The Parameters for a Wavelength Sweep ........ ... G-16
G-16. Measuring the Reference Reection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-17
G-17. Measuring the Termination Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-18
G-18. Test Set-Up to Measure the Reference Reection . . . . . . . . G-20
G-19. Test Setup for Measuring the Termination Parameter . . . . . . G-23
G-20. Test Setup for Measuring the Fabry-Perot Resonator ...... G-23
G-21. Hardware Setup for a Loss Ratio Measurement ........ G-25
G-22. A Summary of the Loss Ratio Softkeys ...... ...... G-27
G-23. The Loss Ratio Measurement Display ............. G-27
G-24. The Set Power Meter Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-28
G-25. The Parameters for a Wavelength Sweep ........ ... G-29
G-26. Measuring the Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-30
G-27. Test Setup to Measure the Reference for Channel A ...... G-32
G-28. Test Setup to Characterize a Wavelength Division Multiplexer . . G-35
G-29. The Show Display ...................... G-36
G-30. A Summary of the Show Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-37
G-31. Printer Hardware Setup .... ...... ........ . G-38
G-32. The Show Setting Display .... ...... ...... .. G-38
G-33. The Layout of the Printout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G-40
G-34. The Edit Text Display .. ...... ...... ...... G-42
G-35. The Show Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-43
G-36. Making an Absolute Reading ................. G-45
G-37. Making a Relative Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-46
G-38. Set-Up to Print Out ..................... G-47
G-39. The Memory Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-51
G-40. A Summary of the Memory Softkeys ............. G-52
G-41. The MemSave Display .................... G-54
G-42. The Show Text Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-54
Contents-13
Tables
4-1. HP-IB Capabilities .. ...... ...... ...... .. 4-2
5-1. Units and Allowed Mnemonics ................ 5-1
5-2. Common Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5-3. Command List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5-4. Reset State (Default Setting) ................. 5-12
5-5. Specied Wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
5-6. Command Summary .. ........ ...... ..... 5-40
6-1. Program Description: Increased Tuning Linearity ....... 6-16
A-1. Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Contents-14
Getting Started
This chapter gives you basic information on how you can operate the tunable
laser source from the front panel.
What is a Tunable Laser Source?
A tunable laser source is a laser source for which the wavelength is not xed.
The Hewlett-Packard tunable laser sources also allow you to set the output
power, and to choose between continuous wave or modulated output power
.
1
1
Note
The single greatest factor aecting the performance of the
tunable laser source, as with all ber optic measurements, is the
cleanliness of the connectors. Ensure that your connectors are
always clean. For cleaning instructions, see Appendix E.
Getting Started 1-1
1
A description of the Front Panel
Figure 1-1. The Tunable Laser Source Front Panel
A softkey is a key whose function changes depending on the keys that you have
pressed before. The function of a softkey is shown on the display above the
softkey.
The memory card drive allows you to load replacement, or additional, software
to increase the capabilities of your tunable laser source.
There are six function keys. These allow you
to set the wavelength, or to perform a wavelength sweep.
to set the output power,
to save the wavelength and output power setting,
to check or change the system conguration: to test the instrument, to switch
o the laser and display, to change the HP-IB Address, to select whether the
internal modulation signal is available at the Modulation Output constantly,
or only when the power is being output, or to get information about the
instrument and the software revision,
to get help information (see \Getting Help" in the next section of this
chapter), or
to perform an auxiliary application such as examine the power characteristic,
or to set the instrument for maximum power output.
The numeric keypad, the cursor keys, and the modify knob are used to edit
parameters.
1-2 Getting Started
The modulation output gives a TTL level signal of the same frequency as the
internal modulating signal.
The modulation input allows you to input a signal to modulate the power of the
optical output.
The analog output gives a dc-signal proportional to the output power. The
relationship between this voltage level and the output power is not calibrated,
but is approximately 1mV for each 1W.
At the back of the 8167B and 8168F, you also have a Remote Interlock
Connector. This is to protect the user from injury. If the short-circuit at this
BNC connector is opened, the laser is switched o immediately and cannot be
switched on until it is closed again.
Starting the 8167B or 8168F
When you turn on the 8167B or the 8168F, the instrument is locked. This is to
prevent unauthorized persons from using this Laser Safety Class IIIb instrument.
The Starting screen for the 8167B/8168F is shown below:
1
Figure 1-2. Starting Screen for the 8167B/8168F
If you have not set a new password, you also see the message:
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
default pwd: 8167, please change it!
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
default pwd: 8168, please change it!
(8167B), or
(8168F).
This message appears in the \Secure" screen until you set a new password (see
\Secure" in Chapter 3).
To unlock the instrument, press
Unlock
.You see the following screen:
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
N
Getting Started 1-3
1
Figure 1-3. \Secure: Unlock Instrument" Screen
Enter the 4-gure password using the DATA keys. The default password is 8167
(8167B) or 8168 (8168F), although you can change this from the AUX menu (see
\Secure" in Chapter 3).
When you enter the correct password, the instrument is unlocked, and you see
the following screen:
NNNNNNNNNNNNNN
Press
Exit
, or any of the function keys, to view the main screen.
1-4 Getting Started
Figure 1-4. \Secure" Screen
Getting Help
Press
4
5
to get help.
HELP
When you press this key, the rst help screen is displayed, this is either the last
screen that was used, or the screen with the limit values for the parameters.
Figure 1-5. A Summary of the Help Hard- and Softkeys
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
Press
Search
to get the help topics menu.
1
Figure 1-6. The Help Topics Menu
Choose a topic using
NNNNN
"
and
NNNNN
#
, or the Modify Knob. Press
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
Select
,or
4
ENTER
to get the information.
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
Press
Close
Many of the help texts are longer than one screen. You move between screens
of information using
to close the help topics menu without selecting a topic.
NNNNN
"
and
NNNNN
#
.
Getting Started 1-5
5
1
Changing the Value of a Parameter
What follows is a description of the various methods of changing the value of
parameters on the tunable laser source
values are changed are given with the parameter descriptions
. Examples in which actual parameter
.
Making Big Changes to a Parameter
If you are changing the value of a parameter completely, you can directly type
in the value on the keypad, and press
4
ENTER
5
.
Example
To change the output power from 200W to 1025W.
1. Press
4
OUTPUT POWER
5
. The cursor moves to P on the right
hand side of the display.
:1540.000nm
P
: 200W
2. Type the new value for the output power on the numeric
keypad.
3. Press
4
ENTER
:1540.000nm P:1025
5
to end the editing.
W
Making a Small Change to a Parameter
For small changes to a parameter use
4
5
, or the Modify Knob.
EDIT
Select the parameter and then:
1. Press
4
EDIT
5,4
(
)
5
, or turn the Modify Knob slightly. If you start with
5.4
Modify Knob the cursor moves to the digit that was most recently changed.
If no digit was changed before, or if you started with another key, the cursor
moves to the position of the most signicant digit of the parameter.
2. If you want to move the cursor and select another digit to edit, use
4)5
.
1-6 Getting Started
4(5
and
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