Agilent 34980A Users Guide

Agilent 34980A
Multifunction
Switch/Measure Unit

Mainframe User’s
Guide

Agilent Technologies, Inc.
Printed in Malaysia
Edition 4
June 2008 E0608

*34980-90005*

34980-90005

Agilent Technologies

Notices

© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2004-2008

No part of this manual may be reproduced
in any form or by any means (including
electronic storage and retrieval or transla­tion into a foreign language) without prior
agreement and written consent from
Agilent Technologies, Inc. as governed
by United States and international copy­right laws.

Manual Part Number

34980-90005

Edition

Fourth Edition, June 2008

Printed in Malaysia
Agilent Technologies, Inc.

3501 Stevens Creek Blvd
Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA

Microsoft® and Windows® are U.S. regis­tered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Software Revision

This guide is valid for the firmware that
was installed in the instrument at the time
of manufacture. However, upgrading the
firmware may add or change product
features. For the latest firmware and
documentation, go to the product page at:

www.agilent.com/find/34980A

Warranty

The material contained in this docu­ment is provided “as is,” and is sub­ject to being changed, without notice,
in future editions. Further, to the max­imum extent permitted by applicable
law, Agilent disclaims all warranties,
either express or implied, with regard
to this manual and any information
contained herein, including but not
limited to the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a par­ticular purpose. Agilent shall not be
liable for errors or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection
with the furnishing, use, or perfor­mance of this document or of any
information contained herein. Should
Agilent and the user have a separate
written agreement with warranty
terms covering the material in this
document that conflict with these
terms, the warranty terms in the sep­arate agreement shall control.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in
this document are furnished under a
license and may be used or copied only in
accordance with the terms of such license.

Restricted Rights Legend

U.S. Government Restricted Rights.
Software and technical data rights granted
to the federal government include only
those rights customarily provided to end
user customers. Agilent provides this
customary commercial license in Software
and technical data pursuant to FAR 12.211
(Technical Data) and 12.212 (Computer
Software) and, for the Department of
Defense, DFARS 252.227-7015 (Technical
Data - Commercial Items) and DFARS

227.7202-3 (Rights in Commercial Com­puter Software or Computer Software
Documentation).

Safety Notices

CAUTION

A CAUTION notice denotes a haz­ard. It calls attention to an operat­ing procedure, practice, or the like
that, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage
to the product or loss of important
data. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.

WARNING

A WARNING notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly per­formed or adhered to, could result
in personal injury or death. Do not
proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated condi­tions are fully understood and met.

ii Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and CEN/CENELEC EN 45014

iii

Manufacturer’s Name: Agilent Technologies, Incorporated

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Manufacturer’s Address:

815 – 14th St. SW
Loveland, CO 80537
USA

Declares under sole responsibility that the product as originally delivered
Product Name: Multifunction Switch / Measure Unit

Model Number: 34980A, 34921A/T, 34922A/T, 34923A/T, 34924A/T,

34925A/T, 34931A/T, 34932A/T, 34933A/T, 34937A/T,
34938A/T, 34941A, 34942A, 34945A/EXT, 34946A,
34947A, 34950A/T, 34951A/T, 34952A/T, 34959A

Product Options: This declaration covers all options of and accessories to

the above products

complies with the essential requirements of the following applicable European Directives, and
carries the CE marking accordingly:

Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC)
EMC Directive (89/336/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC)

and conforms with the following product standards:

EMC Standard

IEC 61326-1:1997+A1:1998 / EN 61326-1:1997+A1:1998
CISPR 11:1990 / EN 55011:1991
IEC 61000-4-2:1995+A1:1998 / EN 61000-4-2:1995
IEC 61000-4-3:1995 / EN 61000-4-3:1995
IEC 61000-4-4:1995 / EN 61000-4-4:1995
IEC 61000-4-5:1995 / EN 61000-4-5:1995
IEC 61000-4-6:1996 / EN 61000-4-6:1996
IEC 61000-4-11:1994 / EN 61000-4-11:1994

Canada: ICES-001:1998
Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS 2064.1

Safety

The product was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent Technologies test systems.

IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001
Canada: CSA C22.2 No. 61010.1:2004
USA: UL 61010-1: 2004

Limit

Group 1 Class A
4 kV CD, 4 kV AD
3 V/m, 80-1000 MHz

0.5 kV signal lines, 1 kV power lines

0.5 kV line-line, 1 kV line-ground
3 V, 0.15-80 MHz, 80% mod
Interrupt: 10 ms, 20 ms

Supplementary Information:
This DoC applies to above-listed products placed on the EU market after:

24 May 2005

Date

For further information, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent or distributor,

Ray Corson

Product Regulations Program Manager

or Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Herrenberger Straße 130, D 71034 Böblingen, Germany.

Template: A5971-5302-2, Rev. B.00 34980A-DoC-D DoC Revisio n D

Additional Safety Notices

The following general safety precautions
must be observed during all phases of oper­ation of this instrument. Failure to comply
with these precautions or with specific
warnings or instructions elsewhere in this
manual violates safety standards of design,
manufacture, and intended use of the
instrument. Agilent Technologies assumes
no liability of the customer’s failure to com­ply with the requirements.

General

Do not use this products in any manner not
specified by the manufacturer. The protec­tive features of this product may be
impaired if it is used in a manner not speci­fied in the operation instructions.

Before Applying Power

Verify that all safety precautions are taken.
Make all connections to the unit before
applying power.

Ground the Instrument

This product is provided with protective
earth terminals. To minimize shock hazard,
the instrument must be connected to the
ac power mains through a grounded power
cable, with the ground wire firmly con­nected to an electrical ground (safety
ground) at the power outlet. Any interrup­tion of the protective (grounding) conduc­tor or disconnection of the protective earth
terminal will cause a potential shock haz­ard that could result in personal injury.

Do Not Operate in an Explosive
Atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the pres­ence of flammable gases or fumes.

Do Not Modify the Instrument

Do not install substitute parts or perform
any unauthorized modification to the prod­uct. Return the product to an Agilent Sales
and Service Office for service and repair to
ensure that safety features are maintained.

In Case of Damage

Instruments that appear damaged or defec­tive should be made inoperative and
secured against unintended operation until
they can be repaired by qualified service
personnel.

Safety Symbols

Alternating current

Frame or chassis
terminal

Standby supply. Unit is
not completely
disconnected from ac
mains when switch is off

Caution, risk of electric
shock

Caution, refer to
accompanying description

Waste Electrical and Electronic
Equipment (WEEE) Directive
2002/96/EC

This product complies with the WEEE
Directive (2002/96/EC) marking require­ment. The affixed product label (see above)
indicates that you must not discard this

electrical/electronic product in domestic
household waste.

Product Category: With reference to the
equipment types in the WEEE directive
Annex 1, this product is classified as a
“Monitoring and Control instrumentation”
product.

To return unwanted products, contact
your local Agilent office, or go to

www.agilent.com/environment/product

for more information.

Technical Support

If you have questions about your shipment,
or if you need information about warranty,
service, or technical support, contact
Agilent Technologies:

In the United States: [phone]
In Europe: 31 20 547 2111
In Japan: 0120-421-345

Or go to www.agilent.com/find/assist
for information on contacting Agilent in
your country of specific location. You can
also contact your Agilent Technologies
Representative.

Do Not Remove the Instrument
Cover

Only qualified, service-trained personal
who are aware of the hazards involved
should remove instrument covers. Always
disconnect the power cable and any exter­nal circuits before removing the instrument
cover.

iv Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Contents

1 Introduction to the 34980A

Data Acquisition Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Measurement Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Data Acquisition Circuitry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Plug-In Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

System Cabling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Transducers and Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Alarm Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Signal Routing and Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Switching Topologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

RF and Microwave Switching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Measurement Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

The Internal DMM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Scanning With External Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

The Digital Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Control Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

The Digital Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

The Actuator / General-Purpose Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2 Getting Started

Front Panel at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Rear Panel at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Rear Panel Connector Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

External Trigger/Alarms Connector (Male D-Sub) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Analog Bus Connector (Female D-Sub) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Annunciator Display Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Installing and Connecting Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Removing a Slot Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Installing a Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Instrument Rack Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Operating the 34980A from the Front Panel Keyboard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Front Panel Menu Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Menu Example 1: Setting the Time and Date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Menu Example 2: Opening and Closing Channel Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Using the Measure Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Menu Example 3: Configuring the DMM for a Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide v

Menu Example 4: Configuring a Channel for a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Connecting the 34980A to Your Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Connecting Over LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Connecting Over GPIB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Connecting Over USB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Communicating with the 34980A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Operating the 34980A using the Integrated Web Browser Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Launching the Web Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Displaying the Browser Web Control Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Selecting the “Allow Full Control” Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Setting a Web Browser Password. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Closing and Opening Channel Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Modifying the Channel Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Sending SCPI Commands Via the Web Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

34980A Documentation Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

3 Features and Functions

Front Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Front Panel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Front Panel Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Basic Operating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

SCPI Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

SCPI Language Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Rules for Using a Channel List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Remote Interface Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

GPIB Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

LAN Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Clearing 34980A Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Volatile Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Non-Volatile Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Analog Bus and Internal DMM Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Environmental Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Electrical Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

General Measurement Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Overview of Measurement Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Analog Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Measurement Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Measurement Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

Measurement Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Custom A/D Integration Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Autozero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Trig ger Del ay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Automatic Trigger Delays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Safety Interlock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

User-Defined Channel Labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

vi Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

2-Wire Versus 1-Wire Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Temperature Measurement Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Measurement Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Thermocouple Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

RTD Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Thermistor Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Voltage Measurement Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

DC Input Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

AC Low Frequency Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Resistance Measurement Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Offset Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Current Measurement Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

AC Low Frequency Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Frequency Measurement Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Low Frequency Timeout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Mx+B Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Scanning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Rules for Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Adding Channels to the Scan List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Scan Trigger Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Trigger Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Sweep Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Sample Count. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Channel Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Automatic Channel Delays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Reading Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Non-Sequential Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Viewing Readings Stored in Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Monitor Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Scanning With External Instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Alarm Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Viewing Stored Alarm Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Using the Alarm Output Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Using Alarms With the Digital Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Defining a Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Querying the Sequence Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Executing a Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Executing a Sequence on an Alarm Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Deleting Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Reading the List of Stored Sequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

System-Related Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Firmware Revision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Product Firmware Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Instrument State Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide vii

Error Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150

Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Front-Panel Display Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Front-Panel Number Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

Real-Time System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Internal DMM Disable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Relay Cycle Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

SCPI Language Version. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Calibration Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Calibration Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Calibration Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Calibration Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Factory Reset State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158

Instrument Preset State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

4 Introduction to the Plug-In Modules for the 34980A

User’s Guides for the 34980A’s Plug-In Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Available Modules, at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165

Slot and Channel Addressing Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Interconnection Solutions Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Module Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168

General Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Environmental Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168

Electrical Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170

viii Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Agilent 34980A Multifunction Switch/Measure Unit
Mainframe User’s Guide

1
Introduction to the 34980A

This chapter provides an overview of a computer-based
data acquisition and measurement control system using the
Agilent 34980A Multifunction Switch/Measure Unit and
typical plug- in modules.

Data Acquisition Overview 2
Measurement Software 3
Data Acquisition Circuitry 5
Plug-In Modules 6
System Cabling 6
Transducers and Sensors 7
Alarm Limits 7
Signal Routing and Switching 8
Switching Topologies 8
Multiplexer Switching 8
Matrix Switching 9
General Purpose Switching 9
RF and Microwave Switching 10
Measurement Input 11
The Internal DMM 11
Signal Conditioning, Ranging, and Amplification 11
Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) 12
Main System Processor 12
Scanning 13
Scanning With External Instruments 14
The Digital Modules 16
Digital Input 16
Totalizer 17
Control Output 18
The Digital Modules 18
Digital Output 18
Voltage (DAC) Output 19
The Actuator / General-Purpose Switches 20

Agilent Technologies

1

1 Introduction to the 34980A

Data Acquisition Overview

You can use the Agilent 34980A as a stand- alone instrument, but for
most applications you will want to take advantage of its PC connectivity
and remote operation capabilities. A simplified data acquisition system is
shown below.

Computer

and Software

Interface

Cable

34980A

Mainframe

Plug-in

Modules

(up to 8)

Transducers,

Sensors and Events

System

Cabling

The system configuration shown above offers the following advantages:

• You can use the 34980A to perform data storage, data reduction,

mathematical calculations, and conversion to engineering units.

• You can use the PC to easily configure and present data.

• You can electrically isolate analog signals and measurement sensors

from the noisy PC environment and earth ground.

• You can use a single PC to monitor multiple instruments and

measurement points while performing other PC- based tasks.

The 34980A is shipped with Ethernet, USB and GPIB (IEEE- 488)
interfaces. For a detailed description of these connections, see

“Connecting the 34980A to Your Computer” on page 45.

Ideally, before selecting a PC interface mode and making physical
connections between the 34980A and your PC, you would first determine
what software tools you will be using to communicate with and control
the 34980A (see “Measurement Software” on page 3 for a brief
description of available software choices).

• If you will be using the 34980A's integrated Web Browser interface

(LAN only), no additional software is required for connection.

• If you will be using another software tool (e.g. BenchLink Data

Logger Pro, Agilent IO Libraries Suite), you will need to install both

that software and a device driver before connecting the instrument
over GPIB or USB. No device driver is required for LAN.

• If you install the IO Libraries Suite, USB device drivers should be

installed automatically.

2 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Measurement Software

A variety of software tools are available for remote communication with
the 34980A; the most commonly used tools are briefly discussed below.

Data Logging and Monitoring

Agilent 34832A BenchLink Data Logger Pro is a Windows®- based
application available on CD from Agilent. It is designed to make it easy
to use the 34980A with your PC (over GPIB, USB or LAN) for collecting
and analyzing data. You program the desired measurement, scan and
data logging requirements using an intuitive, tabbed spreadsheet
environment; data is displayed in tabular and graphical formats.

Introduction to the 34980A 1

The BenchLink Data Logger Pro software provides several advanced
features not available in the standard BenchLink Data Logger software
(which ships for free on CD-ROM with every 34980A ordered with an
internal DMM). Particularly, the Pro version allows for customized action
scripts, conditional control of external instruments, decision making or
program initiation based on limit checks and alarm events, and advanced
math operations. Both the standard and Pro versions are supplied on the
same CD- ROM. The Pro version can be used for 30 days without
obligation; subsequently a software license is required for its continued
use. Go to www.agilent.com/find/34832A for purchasing information.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 3

1 Introduction to the 34980A

Web Browser Interface

The 34980A incorporates in its firmware a graphic Web Browser
interface for remote LAN access and control of the instrument via a
Java-enabled Web browser, such as Microsoft® Internet Explorer. While
not as comprehensive a tool as the BenchLink Data Logger software, the
Web Browser provides an alternative method for remote system
configuration, troubleshooting, and monitoring.

For a detailed description of the Web Browser interface, see “Operating

the 34980A using the Integrated Web Browser Interface” on page 53.

Other Software for Automated Testing with Multiple Instruments

These software tools can also be used with the 34980A:

• Agilent IO Libraries Suite (shipped on CD with the 34980A)

• Agilent IntuiLink

• Agilent VEE (an evaluation copy of the VEE Pro software is shipped

on CD with the 34980A)

• National Instruments LabVIEW

• Microsoft® Visual Basic or Visual C++

4 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Data Acquisition Circuitry

As shown below, the 34980A's main system processor controls all of the
basic functionality of the instrument. This is where the instrument
communicates with the plug- in modules, interacts with command
transactions over the remote interfaces, and controls the optional
internal DMM. The main system processor also performs Mx+B scaling
operations, monitors alarm conditions, converts transducer measurements
to engineering units, adds time stamp information to scanned
measurements, and stores measurement data in memory.

External

OUT

IN

Alarms

Tr ig g e r

Control

LAN

USB

Optional

Internal

DMM

Main

System

Processor

I

Hi Measure
Lo Measure
Hi Sense

Lo Sense

Analog

Digital Bus

Bus

Introduction to the 34980A 1

ABUS1

ABUS2

ABUS3

ABUS4

Slot

1000

Slot

2000

Slot

3000

GPIB

AC

Power

Slot
8000

The main system processor also controls activity on the four hardware
alarm outputs and external triggering lines. You can use the alarm output
lines to trigger external alarm lights, sirens, or send a TTL pulse to your
control system.

The 34980A provides four 2- wire internal Analog Buses for easier signal
routing. You can route your measurements directly to the optional
internal DMM using the 34980A multiplexer and matrix modules or you
can connect to external signals via the Analog Bus connector located on
the instrument's rear panel. Since four 2- wire buses are provided, you
can dedicate one bus for use with the internal DMM while using the
other three buses for module extensions or additional signal routing
between modules.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 5

1 Introduction to the 34980A

Plug-In Modules

The 34980A offers a complete selection of plug-in modules to give you
high- quality measurement, switching, and control capabilities. The
plug- in modules communicate with the main system processor via the
internal digital bus. The multiplexer modules also connect to the internal
DMM via the internal Analog Buses. Each module has its own
microprocessor to offload the main system processor and minimize
backplane communications for faster throughput. See Chapter 4,

“Introduction to the Plug- In Modules for the 34980A” for an overview of

the available plug- in modules and their functions. Each module is
shipped with its own User's Guide.

System Cabling

Depending on your specific requirements, you can connect your device
under test (DUT) to the 34980A using several optional interconnection
solutions (see “Interconnection Solutions Overview” on page 167).
Detachable terminal blocks are available for low-frequency modules and
offer an extremely flexible method for connecting external wiring. You
can also connect to the plug- in modules directly using standard cabling
with 50- pin D- Sub and 78- pin D- Sub connectors. Optional solder cup
connector kits are also available if you choose to build your own custom
cabling.

The type of cabling that you use to connect your signals, transducers,
and sensors to the module is critical to ensure measurement integrity.
Some types of transducers, such as thermocouples, have very specific
requirements for the type of cabling that should be used to make
connections. Be sure to consider the usage environment when choosing
wire gauge size and insulation qualities. Wire insulation typically consists
of materials such as PVC or Teflon®. The table below lists several
common cable types and describes their typical uses.

Cable Type

Thermocouple
Extension Wire

Twisted Pair,
Shielded Twisted
Pair

Shielded
Coaxial,
Double-Shielded
Coaxial

Flat Ribbon,
Twisted Pair
Ribbon

C o m m o n U s e s C o m m e n t s

Thermocouple
measurements

Measurement inputs,
voltage outputs,
switching, counting

VHF Signal switching Most common cable for high-frequency

Digital Input/Output Often used with mass termination

Available in specific thermocouple types.
Also available in a shielded cable for added
noise immunity.

Most common cable for low-frequency
measurement inputs. Twisted pair reduces
common mode noise. Shielded-twisted pair
provides additional noise immunity.

signal routing. Available in specific
impedance values (50Ω or 75Ω). Provides
excellent noise immunity. Double-shielded
cable improves isolation between channels.
Requires special connectors.

connectors. These cables provide little
noise immunity.

6 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Transducers and Sensors

Transducers and sensors convert a physical quantity into an electrical
quantity. The electrical quantity is measured and the result is then
converted to engineering units by the 34980A's main system processor.
For example, when measuring a thermocouple, the instrument measures
a dc voltage and mathematically converts it to a corresponding
temperature in °C, °F, or K.

Introduction to the 34980A 1

Measurement

Te m p er a t u r e

Pressure Solid state device ±10 VDC
Flow Rotary type, thermal type 4 mA to 20 mA
Strain Resistive elements 4-wire resistance from 10Ω to 10 kΩ
Events Limit switches, optical counters, rotary

Digital System status TTL levels

Alarm Limits

The 34980A has four alarms which you can configure to alert you when
a reading exceeds specified limits on a channel during a scan. You can
assign a high limit, a low limit, or both to any configured channel in the
scan list. You can assign multiple channels to any of the four available
alarms (numbered 1 through 4). For example, you can configure the
instrument to generate an alarm on Alarm 1 when a limit is exceeded on
any of channels 1003, 2025, or 3020.

You can also assign alarms to channels on the digital modules (34950A
and 34952A). For example, you can generate an alarm when a specific
bit pattern or bit pattern change is detected on a digital input channel or
when a specific count is reached on a totalizer channel. With the digital
modules, the channels do not have to be part of the scan list to generate
an alarm.

Ty p i c a l Tr a n s d u c e r T y p e T y p i c a l T r a n s d u c e r O u t p u t

Thermocouple 0 mV to 80 mV
Resistance temperature detector (RTD) 2-wire or 4-wire resistance from 5Ω to 500Ω
Thermistor 2-wire or 4-wire resistance from 10Ω to 1MΩ

0V or 5V pulse train

encoder

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 7

1 Introduction to the 34980A

Signal Routing and Switching

The switching capabilities of the plug- in modules available with the
34980A provide test system flexibility and expandability. You can use the
switching plug- in modules to route signals to and from your test system
or multiplex signals to the internal DMM or external instruments.

Relays are electromechanical devices which are subject to wear-out
failure modes. The life of a relay, or the number of actual operations
before failure, is dependent upon how the relay is used—applied load,
switching frequency, and environment. The 34980A Relay Maintenance
System automatically counts the cycles of each relay in the instrument
and stores the total count in non- volatile memory on each switch
module. You can use this feature to track relay failures and to predict
system maintenance requirements. For more information on using this
feature, refer to “Relay Cycle Count” on page 154.

Switching Topologies

Several switching plug-in modules are available with different topologies
for various applications. The following switching topologies are available:

• Multiplexer (with armature, reed, or FET switches)

• Matrices (with armature or reed switches )

• General Purpose (with Form C or Form A switches)

The following sections describe each of these switching topologies. For
more information, see the individual User's Guides included with each
module.

Multiplexer Switching

Multiplexers allow you to connect one of multiple channels to a common
channel, one at a time. A simple 4- to- 1 multiplexer is shown below.

Channel 1

Common

Multiplexers are available in several types:

• One-Wire (Single- Ended) Multiplexers for common LO measurements

• Two-Wire Multiplexers for floating measurements

• Four- Wire Multiplexers for resistance and RTD measurements

• Very High Frequency (VHF) Multiplexers for switching frequencies up

to 3 GHz.

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

When you combine a multiplexer with a measurement device, like the
optional internal DMM, you create a scanner. For more information on
scanning, see “Scanning” on page 13.

8 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Introduction to the 34980A 1

Matrix Switching

A matrix switch connects multiple inputs to multiple outputs and
therefore offers more switching flexibility than a multiplexer. Use a
matrix for switching low-frequency (less than 30 MHz) signals only. A
matrix is arranged in rows and columns. For example, a simple 3x3
matrix could be used to connect three sources to three test points as
shown below.

Source 1

Source 2

Source 3

Test 1 Test 2

Test 3

In a matrix switch configuration, any one of the signal sources can be
connected to any one of the test inputs. Be aware that with a matrix, it
is possible to connect more than one source at the same time. Therefore,
it is important to make sure that dangerous or unwanted conditions are
not created by these connections.

General Purpose Switching

You can use General Purpose (GP) switches to control power connections
to your DUTs, control status indicators, or actuate external power relays
or solenoids. The GP switches for the 34980A are available in two switch
configurations as shown below.

Form C

Form C switches are also called Single-Pole, Double-Throw (SPDT) and
contain a normally- open (NO) and a normally- closed (NC) contact. Form
A switches are also called Single- Pole, Single- Throw (SPST) and contain
a normally open (NO) contact, which is either open or closed.

Form A

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 9

1 Introduction to the 34980A

RF and Microwave Switching

A variety of RF and microwave switch modules are also available for the
34980A. This includes RF multiplexers (34941A, 34942A), SPDT switching
from dc to 20 GHz (34946A, 34947A), and a switch/attenuator driver
module (34945A) that allows you to control switches or attenuators
external to the 34980A mainframe.

For more information, see “Introduction to the Plug- In Modules for the

34980A” on page 163.

10 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Measurement Input

The 34980A allows you to combine a DMM (either internal or external)
with multiplexer channels to create a scan. During a scan, the instrument
connects the internal DMM to the configured multiplexer channels one at
a time and makes a measurement on each channel.

Any channel that can be "read" by the instrument can also be included in
a scan. This includes any combination of temperature, voltage, resistance,
current, frequency, or period measurements on multiplexer channels. A
scan can also include a read of a digital port or a read of the totalizer
count on the digital modules.

The Internal DMM

A transducer or sensor converts a physical quantity being measured into
an electrical signal which can be measured by the internal DMM. To
make these measurements, the internal DMM incorporates the following
functions:

Introduction to the 34980A 1

• Temperature (thermocouple, RTD, and thermistor)

• Voltage (dc and ac up to 300V)

• Resistance (2- wire and 4- wire up to 100 MΩ)

• Current (dc and ac up to 1A)

• Frequency and Period (up to 300 kHz)

The internal DMM provides a universal input front- end for measuring a
variety of transducer types without the need for additional external
signal conditioning. The internal DMM includes signal conditioning,
amplification (or attenuation) and a high resolution (up to 22 bits)
analog- to- digital converter. A simplified block diagram of the internal
DMM is shown below.

Analog
Input
Signal

Signal

Conditioning

Amp

Analog to

Digital

Converter

Main

Processor

Signal Conditioning, Ranging, and Amplification

Analog input signals are multiplexed into the internal DMM's
signal- conditioning section—typically comprising switching, ranging, and
amplification circuitry.

• If the input signal is a dc voltage, the signal conditioner is composed

of an attenuator for the higher input voltages and a dc amplifier for
the lower input voltages.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 11

1 Introduction to the 34980A

• If the input signal is an ac voltage, a converter is used to convert the

ac signal to its equivalent dc value (true RMS value).

• Resistance measurements are performed by supplying a known dc

current to an unknown resistance and measuring the dc voltage drop
across the resistor. The input signal switching and ranging circuitry,
together with the amplifier circuitry, convert the input to a dc voltage
which is within the measuring range of the internal DMM's
analog- to- digital converter (ADC).

You can allow the instrument to automatically select the measurement
range using autoranging or you can select a fixed measurement range
using manual ranging. Autoranging is convenient because the instrument
automatically decides which range to use for each measurement based on
the input signal. For fastest scanning operation, use manual ranging for
each measurement (some additional time is required for autoranging
since the instrument has to make a range selection).

Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC)

The ADC takes a prescaled dc voltage from the signal-conditioning
circuitry and converts it to digital data for output and display on the
34980A front panel. The ADC governs some of the most basic
measurement characteristics. These include measurement resolution,
reading speed, and the ability to reject spurious noise.

There are several analog-to- digital conversion techniques but they can be
divided into two types: integrating and non-integrating. The integrating
techniques measure the average input value over a defined time interval,
thus rejecting many noise sources. The non- integrating techniques sample
the instantaneous value of the input, plus noise, during a very short
interval. The 34980A's internal DMM uses an integrating ADC technique.

You can select the resolution and reading speed from 6 digits (22 bits) at
3 readings per second to 4 digits (16 bits) at up to 3,000 readings per
second. The integration time, resolution, and number of digits are all
interrelated (see “Custom A/D Integration Time” on page 88 for more
details).

Main System Processor

The main system processor controls the input signal conditioning,
ranging, the ADC, and all backplane transactions. The main system
processor synchronizes measurements during scanning and control
operations. The main system processor uses a multi- tasking operating
system to manage the various system resources and demands.

The main system processor also performs Mx+B scaling operations,
monitors alarm conditions, converts transducer measurements to
engineering units, adds time stamp information to scanned
measurements, and stores measurement data in memory.

12 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Scanning

Introduction to the 34980A 1

The instrument allows you to combine a DMM (either internal or
external) with multiplexer channels to create a scan. During a scan, the
instrument connects the DMM to the configured multiplexer channels one
at a time and makes a measurement on each channel.

Before you can initiate a scan, you must set up a scan list to include all
desired multiplexer or digital channels. Channels which are not in the
scan list are skipped during the scan. By default, the instrument
automatically scans the list of channels in ascending order from slot 1
through slot 8 (channels are reordered as needed). If your application
requires non- ordered scanning of the channels in the present scan list,
you can configure a non- sequential scan. Measurements are taken only
during a scan and only on those channels which are included in the scan
list.

You can store up to 500,000 readings in memory during a scan and all
readings are automatically time stamped. The most recent readings are
always preserved in memory. You can read the contents of memory at
any time, even during a scan. Reading memory is not cleared when you
read it. Each time you start a new scan, the instrument clears all
readings stored in reading memory from the previous scan. Therefore, all
readings currently stored in memory are always from the most recent
scan.

You can configure the event or action that controls the onset of each
sweep through the scan list (a sweep is one pass through the scan list):

• You can set the instrument's internal timer to automatically scan at a

specific interval as shown below.

Scan List

t

Ch 1 Ch 2

Ch 3

Ch 4

Ch 5

Ch 6

t

t

1

Channel Delay

(0 to 60 seconds)

t

t

2

t

3

t

4

t

5

6

• You can also program a time delay between channels in the scan list

(see “Channel Delay” on page 120).

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 13

1 Introduction to the 34980A

• You can manually control a scan by repeatedly pressing the Scan

(Measure) key from the front panel.

• You can start a scan by sending a software command from the remote

interface (MEASure? or INITiate command).

• You can start a scan when an external TTL trigger pulse is received.

• You can start a scan when an alarm event is logged on the channel

being monitored.

For more information on scanning, see “Scanning” on page 108.

Scanning With External Instruments

If your application doesn't require the built-in measurement capabilities
of the 34980A, you can order the mainframe without the internal DMM.
In this configuration, you can use the 34980A for signal routing or
control applications. If you install a multiplexer plug- in module, you can
use the system for scanning with an external instrument. You can
connect an external instrument such as a DMM to the multiplexer's COM
terminals (see below) or you can connect to the 34980A's analog buses.

Input

Channels

External DMM

Common Terminals

(COM)

L

H

14 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Introduction to the 34980A 1

The figure below shows the external connections required to synchronize
the scan sequence between the 34980A and an external instrument. The
34980A must notify the external instrument when a relay is closed and
fully settled (including channel delay). The 34980A outputs a Channel
Closed pulse. In response, the external instrument must notify the
34980A when it has finished its measurement and is ready to advance to
the next channel in the scan list. For more information, see “Scanning

With External Instruments” on page 129.

Analog Bus Connector

ABus1 HI
ABus2 HI
ABus3 HI

ABus4 HI

9

6

5

1

ABus1 LO
ABus2 LO
ABus3 LO
ABus4 LO

Channel Advance

34980A Mainframe

Ext Trig Connector

(In)

GND

Channel Closed

(Out)

1

6

9

5

VM Complete Out Ext Trig In

External

DMM

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 15

1 Introduction to the 34980A

The Digital Modules

The 34950A and 34952A digital modules add two additional measurement
input capabilities to the system: digital input and event totalize. For more
information, see the individual User's Guides included with those
modules.

Digital Input

The digital modules have multiple non-isolated 8- bit input/output ports
which you can use for reading digital patterns. You can read the live
status of the bits on the port or you can configure a scan to include a
digital read. Each port has a separate channel number on the module
and contains 8- bits. You can combine ports to read 16- or 32- bit words.

8

8

Bit 0

Bit 7

Bit 8

Bit 15

Bit 16

8

Bit 23
Bit 24

8

Bit 31

16 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Introduction to the 34980A 1

To t al i z e r

The digital modules have 32-bit totalizer input channels for counting
pulses and measuring frequency. You can manually read the totalizer
count or you can configure a scan to read the count.

Count +

Count -

32 Bits

To t al i z er

You can configure the totalizer to count on the rising edge or falling edge
of the input signal. The maximum rise/fall time for input signals to the
totalizer is 5

The maximum count is 4,294,967,295 (2

µS.

32

after reaching the maximum allowed value.

Gate

Gate

- 1). The count rolls over to "0"

You can configure the totalizer to read without affecting the count or
reset the count to zero without losing any counts.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 17

1 Introduction to the 34980A

Control Output

In addition to signal routing and measurement, you can also use the
34980A to provide simple control outputs. For example, you can control
external high- power relays using the GP switch modules or a digital
output channel.

The Digital Modules

The 34950A, 34951A and 34952A digital modules add two additional
measurement control output capabilities to the system: digital output and
voltage (DAC) output. For more information, see the individual User's
Guides included with those modules.

The digital modules also contain digital input and event totalizer
capabilities which are described in more detail on page 16 and page 17.

Digital Output

The digital modules have multiple non-isolated 8- bit input/output ports
which you can use for writing digital patterns. Each port has a separate
channel number on the module and contains 8- bits. You can combine
ports to output 16- or 32- bit words.

Bit 0

8

Bit 7

Bit 8

8

Bit 15

Bit 16

8

Bit 23
Bit 24

8

Bit 31

18 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Introduction to the 34980A 1

Voltage (DAC) Output

The 34951A module has four independent, isolated analog output
channels that can output dc voltage up to

± 16V or dc current up to

± 20 mA. Each DAC (Digital- to- Analog Converter) channel can be used

as a programmable voltage source for analog input control of other
devices. A simplified diagram is shown below.

16 Bits

16 Bits

16 Bits

16 Bits

DAC 1

DAC 2

DAC 3

DAC 4

DAC 1H
DAC 1L

DAC 2H
DAC 2L

DAC 3H
DAC 3L

DAC 4H
DAC 4L

You can set the output voltage to any value between - 16 Vdc and +16
Vdc, in 500

µV steps on any or all four channels.

You can set the output current to any value between -20 mA and +20
mA, in 630 nA steps on any or all four channels.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 19

1 Introduction to the 34980A

The Actuator / General-Purpose Switches

You can think of the 34937A, 34938A, and 34939A modules as a control
outputs because they are often used to control external power devices.
For example, the 34937A provides 28 independent, isolated Form C
(SPDT) switches. Each channel can switch up to 300V dc or ac rms. Each
switch can also switch up to 1A dc or ac rms up to 60W maximum. For
example, the maximum current that you can switch at 120V is 0.45A as
shown below.

120

300

100

50
30

.2 .5

For control applications, the GP modules have the following advantages:

• Higher voltage and power rating than the digital output channels.

• The actuator switches can also be used to control power devices.

When used with high-power devices, however, it is critical that you
provide protection to the switch from capacitive and inductive loads to
ensure maximum relay life.

1

20 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Agilent 34980A Multifunction Switch/Measure Unit
Mainframe User’s Guide

2
Getting Started

This chapter provides an overview of the 34980A’s controls,
displays and connections; module assembly, wiring and
installation instructions; and some basics of operation with
examples. It is designed to allow you to gain quick
familiarity with the instrument and start using it.

Front Panel at a Glance 22
Rear Panel at a Glance 23
Rear Panel Connector Pinouts 24
Annunciator Display Indicators 25
Installing and Connecting Modules 26
Installing a Module 27
Wiring and Installing a Terminal Block 29
Instrument Rack Mounting 32
Operating the 34980A from the Front Panel Keyboard 34
Front Panel Menu Reference 35
Menu Example 1: Setting the Time and Date 37
Menu Example 2: Opening and Closing Channel Relays 38
Using the Measure Keys 39
Menu Example 3: Configuring the DMM for a Measurement 40
Menu Example 4: Configuring a Channel for a Measurement 42
Connecting the 34980A to Your Computer 45
Connecting Over LAN 46
Connecting Over GPIB 51
Connecting Over USB 52
Communicating with the 34980A 53
Operating the 34980A using the Integrated Web Browser Interface 53
Launching the Web Interface 54
Displaying the Browser Web Control Page 55
Selecting the “Allow Full Control” Mode 56
Setting a Web Browser Password 56
Closing and Opening Channel Relays 57
Modifying the Channel Configuration 58
Sending SCPI Commands Via the Web Interface 59
34980A Documentation Map 61

Agilent Technologies

21

2 Getting Started

Front Panel at a Glance

The On/Standby switch is used to toggle the 34980A between On and Standby modes only. To turn the unit

1

off, remove the power cord.
The Utility key accesses menus to configure Remote I/O (LAN, GPIB, and USB) operation, set Date and Time,

2

and configure other system-related instrument parameters.
The Store/Recall key allows you to save and recall up to six instrument setups.

3

Control keys directly control module actions.

4

The number keypad is used for entering numerical characters.

5

The exponent entry key is used to enter the exponent during a numerical entry.

6

The Cancel key exits any menu without saving changes.

7

Arrow keys move the cursor position in an entry.

8

The knob provides for entry of alphanumeric characters, selecting slots or channels, and navigating menus.

9

The Enter key steps you through a menu or saves number entries.

10

Running a program puts the display into “remote” and disables the front panel keys. Local takes you out of

11

“remote” mode and enables the front panel keys.

Configure keys select functions and set function parameters.

12

Measure keys execute and monitor measurements. Depending on which measurement key you use, you can

13

have complete/direct control over the switching and measurement operation, or you can have the 34980A
automatically control these to capture the desired data.

22 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Rear Panel at a Glance

Getting Started 2

Access to Analog Buses (shown with removable cover installed). For pinouts, see page 24.

1

Module installed in slot 1

2

Slot identifier

3

Module ground screw

4

Slot cover over slot 2

5

AC power connector

6

LAN connector (10Base T/100Base Tx)

7

USB 2.0 connector

8

External trigger input. For pinouts, see page 24.

9

Internal DMM option mark. If you ordered the internal DMM option, the circle is marked black.

10

IEEE 488.2 GPIB Connector

11

Chassis ground screw

12

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 23

2 Getting Started

Rear Panel Connector Pinouts

External Trigger/Alarms Connector (Male D-Sub)

Analog Bus Connector (Female D-Sub)

24 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Annunciator Display Indicators

Getting Started 2

Display Indicator Definition

LAN Lit when communicating with the 34980A over LAN.
USB Lit when communicating with the 34980A over USB.
GPIB Lit when communicating with the 34980A over GPIB.
ABUS [1234] Indicates Analog Bus (ABus) connectivity. Normally, this shows the designated ABus

connected on any module in the mainframe. During a scan, if ABus 1 and ABus 2 are both
indicated, they will be used at some point during that scan.

ERROR

Rmt Indicates Remote mode is in use. Running a program puts the display into “remote” mode and

Safety Interlock Indicates an ABus Safety Interlock. When lit, at least one terminal block or cable has been

Trig Lit when the 34980A is waiting for an external or manual trigger during scans.

HOT

ALARM (H1234L) A HI or LO alarm condition has occurred on the indicated alarms.

Mx+B Scaling is enabled on the displayed channel. This appears on display after you have selected

4W A 4-wire measurement is specified on the displayed channel. This appears on the display after

OC Lit when Offset Compensation has been specified for a given measurement. This appears on

*

When lit, an error has been generated and is in the error queue.

disables the front panel keys. Pressing the LOCAL button takes you out of “remote” mode and
enables the front panel keys.

removed from the D-sub connector of a module. For more information, see page 92 and the
User’s Guides for the appropriate Multiplexer Modules.

Indicates an over-temperature condition. When lit, one or more general purpose
(34937A/34938A) modules have reached their over-temperature limits.

Alarms are enabled on the displayed channel.

the scaling function via the front panel or remote interface.

you have selected the 4-wire function via the front panel or remote interface.

the display after you have selected the offset compensation function via the front panel or
remote interface. For more information, see “Offset Compensation” on page 103

A measurement is in progress.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 25

2 Getting Started

Installing and Connecting Modules

For most applications, prior to using the 34980A you will select and
install modules, and make connections with terminal blocks or cabling.
The following sections illustrate module and terminal block installation.

Removing a Slot Cover

Your 34980A is shipped from the factory with one slot uncovered and
the remaining seven slots covered (the illustration below shows a module
already inserted in Slot 1). When you are ready to install additional
modules in the seven remaining slots, you must first remove its slot
cover. Using a flat blade screwdriver, pry each side of the slot cover until
the cover releases from the slot.

WARNING

CAUTION

CAUTION

With the slot cover removed, you can now install a module in this slot.

For detailed examples of the slot and channel numbering scheme used in
the 34980A, see “Slot and Channel Addressing Scheme” on page 166.

26 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

When any slot covers are removed, hazardous voltages may be
exposed on the analog bus connectors.

Install current limiting devices between high energy sources and the
module inputs.

Do not block air intake or exhaust vents at the sides of the instrument

Installing a Module

Getting Started 2

NOTE

Applies to the multiplexer and matrix modules only — The Safety
Interlock feature prevents connections to the Analog Buses from a
module if a terminal block or properly-wired cable is not connected to
that module. If proper connections are not present, the Analog Bus
relays will be disabled on that module and the front panel Safety

Interlock display annunciator will turn on.

Installing a Module for Use with Cables

If you are planning to use an optional terminal block to connect your
external wiring, skip to the next section. If you are planning to use

cables for your external connections, follow the procedure below to
install a plug- in module:

1 Install the module into a mainframe slot until it fully seats with the

backplane connector.

2 Using a Pozidriv #1 screwdriver, tighten the two screws to secure the

module in the mainframe. Installation is now complete.

Installing a Module for Use with Terminal Blocks

All of the 34980A plug- in modules, except the RF and microwave
modules, can be used with a compatible terminal blocks (optional
accessories 349xxT), which provide screw terminals or solder cup
connections for your external wiring. If you plan to use an optional
terminal block, follow the procedure below to install the module:

1 Using a Pozidriv #1 screwdriver, remove the panhead grounding screw

located between the module connectors.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 27

2 Getting Started

2

Remove the two flathead screws from the support sleeve.

3 Fit the terminal block support sleeve against the module so the

openings on the sleeve line up with the connectors and the center
screw hole as shown.

4 Replace the panhead screw. Then replace and tighten the two flathead

screws to secure the sleeve to the module.

5 Install the module into a mainframe slot until it fully seats with the

backplane connector. Using a Pozidriv #1 screwdriver, tighten the two
screws to secure the module in the mainframe. Installation of the
support sleeve is now complete.

28 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Getting Started 2

Wiring and Installing a Terminal Block

If you are planning to use an optional terminal block with your plug- in
modules, follow the next two procedures to connect your external wiring
and install a terminal block.

WARNING

NOTE

Before you begin this task, make sure you have disconnected power
from all external field wiring you will be connecting to the terminal
block.

For plug-in module pinout diagrams and additional information, refer to
the User's Guide(s) shipped with the module(s).

Wiring a Terminal Block

1 To remove the terminal block cover, insert a screwdriver through the

hole in the cover as shown. Gently push the tab in the direction of the
arrow.

2 While pushing the tab (Step 1), lift the clear plastic cover from the

edge near the D- sub connectors. Slide the cover from under the tab
holders and remove the cover.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 29

2 Getting Started

3

Make connections to the individual terminals as appropriate. Use a
suitable wire type, gauge and insulation for your application (typical is
20 AWG; the terminals can accommodate a maximum of 18 AWG). Use
a 2.5 mm cable tie as shown for additional strain relief.

Wire Size: 20 AWG (typical); 18 AWG (max)

6 mm

4 To replace the terminal block cover, slide the cover tabs into the tab

holders on the terminal block as shown. Press down on the cover until
it snaps securely into place. Continue with the next section to install
the terminal block to the module.

30 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Getting Started 2

Installing a Terminal Block

After making external wiring connections to a terminal block, follow the
procedure below to fasten the block to a plug-in module.

1 Push the levers on the terminal block to the fully- open position as

shown below. Then slide the terminal block into the
instrument- mounted support sleeve...

Terminal Block

Support Sleeve

34980A Mainframe

…until the terminal block stops at the two points indicated by the
arrows below.

2 Carefully rotate the levers upward as shown…

…until both levers are locked in the closed position.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 31

2 Getting Started

Instrument Rack Mounting

The Agilent 34980A Mainframe can be mounted in a standard 19 inch
instrument rack or in an Agilent rack cabinet. Orientation can be either
forward mounted (front panel facing the front of the cabinet) or reverse
mounted (rear panel facing the front of the cabinet).

Either method will require a set of cabinet rails to support the
instrument’s weight and planned orientation, and a set of mounting
brackets to secure the unit to the cabinet.

Agilent- supplied rail kits are available for Agilent cabinets only; for all
other racks contact the rack’s vendor. The following rack mounting kits
and rail kits are available from Agilent:

Agilent Part Kit Contents

Y1130A Rack Mount Kit 2 short brackets for forward mounting, 2 longer brackets

for reverse mounting, and associated hardware

Standard Rack Mount Kit,
part number 5063-9214

E3663A Basic Rail Kit 2 rails and associated hardware for forward mounting in

E3664AC Third Party Rail Kit 2 rails and associated hardware for reverse mounting in

• For forward rack mounting, use the short brackets from the Agilent

Standard rack mount kit or Y1130A Rack Mount Kit. For Agilent rack
cabinets, use the E3663A Basic Rail Kit.

• For reverse rack mounting use the longer brackets (see figure below)

from the Y1130A Rack Mount Kit. For Agilent rack cabinets, use the
E3664AC Third Party Rail Kit.

2 short brackets for forward mounting and associated
hardware

an Agilent cabinet

an Agilent cabinet

Agilent 34980A (shown with Reverse Rack Mount brackets installed)

32 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

367.7 mm (14.48 in)

Getting Started 2

425.6 mm (16.76 in)

101.9 mm (4.01 in)
or

70.4 mm (2.78 in)

Agilent 34980A Dimensions (shown with Reverse Rack Mount brackets installed)

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 33

2 Getting Started

Operating the 34980A from the Front Panel Keyboard

This section gives an overview on operating the 34980A from the front
panel keyboard. The Front Panel Menu Reference subsection briefly
describes the menus accessed by the front panel keys, and the
subsequent subsections provide examples of menu navigation.

NOTE

At power on, all segments on the front panel are displayed and all
lighted keys temporarily turn on. The front panel is ready for operation
when the keys are no longer lit and the green channel field on the
display shows the first slot in which a module is installed.

Before you can operate the front panel keyboard, connect the power
cord to the 34980A and turn on the power. If the instrument does not
power on properly, contact Agilent Technologies Technical Support (see

page iii for more information).

34 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Front Panel Menu Reference

This subsection provides an overview of the top two levels of menus you
can access from the front panel. The menus are designed to sequentially
guide you through all parameters required to configure a particular
function or operation.

Getting Started 2

The Store/Recall Menu

Store up to six instrument states in non-volatile memory;

•

• Assign a name to each storage location;

• Recall stored states, the power-down state, the factory reset state, or a preset state.
The Utility menu Use to configure system-related instrument parameters. You can:

• Connect and configure the 34980A to use over LAN, GPIB, or USB;

• Set the real time clock and calendar;

• Set the radix character and thousand separator;

• Enable/disable the internal DMM;

• Query and update the firmware revisions for the mainframe and its modules.

Measurement configuration parameters are set using the Configure key
group (see descriptions on page 36)

Use to store and recall instrument states. You can:

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 35

2 Getting Started

Configure Key Group

Use these menus to set
measurement parameters.

The DMM Menu

Set the internal DMM’s measurement function (AC volts, DC volts, AC current, DC current,

•

2-wire ohms, 4-wire ohms, temperature, frequency, and period)

• Set measurement function parameters
The Channel Menu

•

Set channel measurement function (AC volts, DC volts, AC current (34921A only), DC
current (34921A only) 2-wire ohms, 4-wire ohms, temperature, frequency, and period)

• Set measurement function parameters
The Scan Menu

•

Set trigger-in parameters

• Set sweep count

• Set sample count
The Sequence Menu

•

View a sequence command string

• Execute the sequence

• Delete sequence definitions

The Module Menu

Open all relays

•

• Clear all measurement functions

• Clear channel labels

• Configure external trigger and clock (applies only to 34951A module)

• Set trace or level mode (applies only to 34951A module)

• Set waveform parameters (applies only to 34951A module)
The View Menu

•

View errors and alarms

• Read the number of cycles for the displayed relay (relay maintenance feature)

The Advanced Key

This key is reserved to operate advanced functions in a future firmware release. When
activated, you will be notified in the release notes accompanying the enabling firmware
revision.

The Alarm Menu

•

Select one of four alarms to report alarm conditions on the displayed channel

• Configure a high limit, a low limit, or both for the displayed channel

• Select the slope (rising or falling edge) for the four alarm output lines

The Exit Menu Key

Press to leave the current menu, saving all changes made in that menu

36 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Menu Example 1: Setting the Time and Date

In this example, you will learn the fundamentals of using the 34980A
front-panel menus by setting the date and time. Begin by pressing the
Utility menu key, then use the Utility key, knob and arrow keys to navigate
the menu as shown below. Follow the menu prompts as they are
displayed.

Utility

Getting Started 2

Use the knob
to scroll through
the choices on
the same level.

. . .

DATE / TIMEREMOTE I/O

Utility

YEAR

Utility

MONTH

and

Additional Choices

Also use the knob
to enter alpha­numeric characters.

. . .

Use the arrow keys
to move the display

MINUTE

and

A list of menu navigation hints is provided below:

• The navigation structure of the front panel menus is hierarchical, and

the menus are self- guiding; as you use the front panel, you may be
prompted to enter specific parameters. The menu key in use (e.g.
Utility) will be backlit to indicate that you must select a parameter or
that additional parameters are required in that menu.

• To select another choice (other than the one displayed) at a given

menu level, turn the knob.

cursor position.

• To select a displayed parameter and move to the next parameter,

press either the lighted menu key (e.g. Utility) or ENTER.

• To save changes, keep other parameters at their same value, and

immediately exit the menu, press EXIT MENU.

• To exit a menu without saving any changes, press CANCEL (located

next to the number keypad).

• To select slots and channels so they appear in the green channel field,

use the knob. To enter alphanumeric characters, use the knob. To
enter numbers, use the number keypad or the knob.

• To move the display cursor position, use the left and right arrow keys.

• When you have entered all required parameters, the lighting on the

menu key will turn off.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 37

2 Getting Started

Menu Example 2: Opening and Closing Channel Relays

This example is applicable for use with any of the multiplexer modules
(34921A, 34922A, 34923A, 34924A, or 34925A); it illustrates a 34921A
module installed in slot 1.

1 Using the number keypad, press 1 to select the slot containing the

multiplexer module.

2

1 3

2 Select channel 27 on the module by pressing 2 and then 7.
3 Press the lighted ENTER key to complete your channel selection.
4 With channel 1027 selected (shown in green channel field on display),

toggle the Close and Open keys to close and open the selected channel.
Note that the display shows OPEN or CLOSED, indicating the status of
the channel.

4

4

38 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Using the Measure Keys

In Menu Examples 2 and 3 (the following two subsections), you will use
keys in the front-panel Measure group. The three keys in the Measure
group control the initiation of measurements (conversely, the menu keys
in the Configure group allow you to set parameters for measurements).
Depending on which measurement key you select, you can have
complete/direct control over the switching and measurement operations,
or you can allow the 34980A to automatically control the measurement to
capture the desired data.

The three keys in the Measure group are:

Getting Started 2

• DMM - When pressed, the internal DMM takes

continuous measurements on whatever signal you have
routed to it. This mode allows the most flexibility, but
you must manually control the opening and closing of
relays.

• Channel - When pressed, the 34980A controls the relays

needed for the internal DMM to make continuous
measurements on a single selected channel. The
measurement configuration used for a particular
channel (as specified in the Channel menu in the
Configure group) is stored and recalled whenever you
select that channel.

• Scan - When pressed, the 34980A controls all the relays

required to make a series of sequential measurements,
even across multiple channels with unlike
measurement functions. Scan takes the measurements
and stores the results in volatile memory.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 39

2 Getting Started

Menu Example 3: Configuring the DMM for a Measurement

This example uses the internal DMM for a measurement. It can be used
with any of the multiplexer modules (34921A, 34922A, 34923A, 34924A,
or 34925A). If you have disabled your internal DMM, don't have one
installed in your 34980A, or are not using a multiplexer module, skip
this example.

1 Make sure you have a multiplexer module installed in slot 1. Select

any channel on this module (the channel number is shown in green
channel field on display).

2 Within the Configure key group, press DMM to set the measurement

parameters for the internal DMM. Note that the DMM key lights.

2

3 Using the knob to navigate through the menu choices, select the AC

VOLTS function.

4 Press the lighted DMM key to accept the ac voltage function.
5 Using the knob, select 10V, which indicates the range parameter for ac

voltage.

6 Press EXIT MENU to save your selections (ac voltage, 10 volt range) and

immediately exit the menu. All unmodified parameters within the
menu remain unchanged.

40 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Within the Measure key group, press DMM.

7

Getting Started 2

7

Note that the key lights and continuous ac voltage measurements are
made using the internal DMM.

8 To stop the measurements, press DMM (in the Measure key group).

During This Tutorial Example:

• You configured the internal DMM for ac voltage measurements,

• You started measurements, viewed continuous measurement results,

and stopped the measurements.

Since you didn't open or close any channels, no module or Analog Bus
relays were exercised in this example. The internal DMM acted as a
stand- alone instrument and measured whatever ac voltages happened to
be present on the Analog Buses. Pressing DMM (in the Measure key
group) also allowed you to continuously monitor measurements on the
front panel.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 41

2 Getting Started

Menu Example 4: Configuring a Channel for a Measurement

This example uses the internal DMM for a measurement. It can be used with any of the
multiplexer modules (34921A, 34922A, 34923A, 34924A, or 34925A). If you have disabled
your internal DMM, don't have one installed in your 34980A, or are not using a multiplexer
module, skip this example.

1 Make sure you have a multiplexer module installed in slot 1.
2 Using the knob to navigate or using the number keypad, select

Channel 1016 (the green channel field displays 1016).

2

3 Press Channel (in the Configure key group) to access the configure

menu for Channel 1016. Note that the Channel key lights while in the
menu.

3

4 Using the knob to navigate through the menu choices, select the DC

VOLTS function.

5 Press the lighted Channel key to select this function and proceed to the

next parameter in the menu.

42 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Getting Started 2

Use the knob to select the 100 mV range for the dc voltage function.

6

7 Continue pressing the lighted Channel key until CHANNEL LABEL is

shown.

8 At the CHANNEL LABEL choice, use the knob (to select alphanumeric

characters) and the arrow keys (to select the cursor position) to enter
a custom channel label.

9 Press the lighted Channel key to save the assigned channel label and

all other changes you made.

10 Press the Channel key (in the Measure key group). Note that the key

lights, the required relays automatically close, and dc voltage
measurements begin.

10

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 43

2 Getting Started

11

To stop the continuous measurements, press Channel again. Note that
as you press Channel, you will hear the relays automatically opening.

12 Using steps 1 through 6 on the previous page, set the following

configuration for Channel 1014 (for this example, don't change any
other measurement parameters):

• Channel: 1014

• Measurement Function: AC Volts

• Range: 1V

13 Press EXIT MENU to accept the new settings and retain all other

parameters in this menu.

14 With Channel 1014 selected, press Channel (in the Measure key

group). The Channel key lights, the required relays automatically

close, and measurements begin.

15 With the Channel key still lighted, turn the knob to display channel

1016. You should see measurements start for DC VOLTS (your

previously configured function for channel 16).

16 With the Channel key still active, turn the knob between channels 1016

and 1014 to monitor the measurement results for each channel. As you
pass Channel 1015, which is not configured for a measurement, notice
that the associated channel relay is open and measurement is off.

17 Press Channel so the light is off. Notice that Monitoring is now turned

off, but you can continue to view the measurement parameters on
channels 1014 and 1016.

During This Tutorial Example:

• You configured channel 16 for dc voltage measurements, then started,

viewed results, and stopped continuous dc voltage measurements on
channel 16.

• You configured channel 14 for ac voltage measurements, then started,

viewed results, and stopped continuous ac voltage measurements on
channel 14.

• You scrolled between channels 14 and 16 to alternatively start,

monitor, and stop continuous measurements on the channels.

44 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Connecting the 34980A to Your Computer

Getting Started 2

NOTE

To easily configure and verify an interface connection between the 34980A
and your PC, you can use the Agilent IO Libraries Suite or an equivalent.

•

The Agilent IO Libraries Suite—along with installation instructions—is
provided on the Automation-Ready CD, which is shipped with your 34980A.

• Previous versions of the Agilent IO Libraries software are also available. For

more information and to download the current or an earlier version from the
Web, go to www.agilent.com/find/iolib.

• The procedures in this section refer to the Connectivity Guide (Agilent

Technologies USB/LAN/GPIB Interfaces Connectivity Guide). If you have
installed the IO Libraries Suite, you can access the Connectivity Guide via the
Agilent IO Libraries Control icon. Or, you can access the Connectivity Guide via
the Web at www.agilent.com/find/connectivity.

The Agilent 34980A supports GPIB, USB, and LAN interfaces. All three
interfaces are enabled at power on. The corresponding front-panel
annunciator turns on whenever there is activity on the remote interface.

GPIB Interface You need only set the GPIB address for the instrument

and connect it to your PC using a GPIB cable (sold separately).

USB Interface There is nothing to configure on your instrument for a

USB connection. Just connect the instrument to your PC using a USB 2.0
cable (sold separately).

LAN Interface By default, DHCP is enabled on the instrument, which

may enable network communication over the LAN interface
(10BaseT/100BaseTx). You may need to set several LAN configuration
parameters. A crossover LAN cable is shipped with your instrument.

This section provides basic instructions for establishing a GPIB, USB or
LAN connection between the 34980A and a PC. For detailed
configuration instructions for GPIB or LAN, see “Remote Interface

Configuration” on page 68.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 45

2 Getting Started

Connecting Over LAN

Selecting the LAN network type

You can connect and configure your 34980A for Site LAN or Isolated
(non- site) LAN operation.

• A Site LAN network is defined as a local area network (LAN) in

which computers and LAN- enabled instruments are connected to a
site LAN (workgroup LAN, Intranet, or enterprise LAN) via optional
routers, hubs, and/or switches.

Typical Site LAN Networks

Example
Direct
Connection

Example
Switch
Connection

PC

PC

Instrument Instrument Instrument Instrument

To Site LAN

Ethernet Hub or Switch

Instrument

To Site LAN

• An Isolated LAN network is defined as a local area network (LAN) in

which computers and LAN- enabled instruments are not

connected to
a site LAN. Use the crossover cable provided with the 34980A to make
a direct connection between the 34980A and your computer. Crossover
cables are also supported by many newer LAN switches or routers.

Typical Isolated (Non-Site) LAN Networks

Example
Direct
Connection

PC

CAT5 Crossover Cable

Instrument

Example
Switch
Connection

PC

Instrument Instrument InstrumentInstrument

Ethernet Hub or Switch

The diagrams above show examples of typical site LAN and isolated LAN
networks. Select the LAN network type that you will use to connect the
34980A to your computer. Then follow the corresponding procedures
shown on “Connecting Via Site LAN” on page 47 or “Connecting Via

Isolated (Non-Site) LAN” on page 49.

46 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Getting Started 2

Connecting Via Site LAN

To Network
Interface Card
(NIC)

To Site LAN

Example
Site LAN
Connection

PC

1 Using a standard LAN patch cable (not supplied), connect your

computer and the 34980A to LAN wall outlets.

2 Make sure power is applied to your computer and verify that the

operating system is fully booted. Then apply power to the 34980A.

3 Using the flow diagram shown below, navigate through the 34980A

front-panel Utility menu. At the IO PORT menu, select LAN. At the LAN
SETTINGS menu, select MODIFY and verify that DHCP is ON (ON is the

factory default state). If your LAN does not support DHCP, refer to
the Connectivity Guide.

To LAN Port

34980A

Front Panel Menu

Navigation Flow Diagram

to Configure a

Site LAN Connection

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Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 47

2 Getting Started

4

Press EXIT MENU, which saves any changes and defaults all other
parameters in the Utility menu.

5 Wait for the DHCP server to assign a valid address; this operation can

take between 30 seconds and one minute to complete).

6 From the Utility menu (see Navigation Flow Diagram on page 47),

navigate to the LAN SETTINGS choice and select VIEW. Using the flow
diagram as a guide, view the instrument's IP address and other LAN
settings. Write down the IP address in the space below:

34980A IP Address: ___________________________

7 Press EXIT MENU.
8 Now you can use the integrated 34980A Web Browser Interface to

access and control the instrument. See “Launching the Web Interface”

on page 54 for more information.

9 If you plan to program the instrument over LAN using other software:

• Make sure you have installed the required I/O software on your

computer.

• If you will be using the Agilent IO Libraries Suite, use its

Connection Expert utility to add the 34980A and verify a
connection. When identifying the instrument, it is easiest if you use
the IP address noted in step 6 above.

• For an overview on programming instruments via LAN, refer to the

Connectivity Guide.

48 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Getting Started 2

Connecting Via Isolated (Non-Site) LAN

To Network
Interface Card
(NIC)

Example
Isolated (Non-Site)
LAN Connection

PC

CAT5 Crossover Cable

1 Using the CAT5 crossover cable provided with the 34980A, connect

your computer to the 34980A.

2 Make sure power is applied to your computer and verify that the

operating system is fully booted. Then apply power to the 34980A.

3 Using the flow diagram below, navigate through the 34980A

front-panel Utility menu. At the IO PORT menu, select LAN. At the LAN
SETTINGS menu, select MODIFY and set DHCP to OFF (note that ON is

the factory default state).

8WLOLW\

To LAN Port

34980A

Front Panel Menu

Navigation Flow Diagram

to Configure an

Isolated LAN Connection

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Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 49

2 Getting Started

4

Press EXIT MENU, which saves any changes and defaults all other
parameters in the Utility menu.

5 From the Utility menu, navigate to the LAN SETTINGS choice and select

VIEW. Using the flow diagram ON page 49 as a guide, view the

instrument's IP address and other LAN settings. Write down the IP
address in the space below:

34980A IP Address: ___________________________

6 Press EXIT MENU.
7 Now you can use the integrated 34980A Web Browser Interface to

access and control the instrument. See “Launching the Web Interface”

on page 54 for more information.

8 If you plan to program the instrument over LAN using other software

(e.g. Agilent IO Libraries Suite, BenchLink Data Logger Pro):

• Make sure you have installed the required I/O software on your

computer.

• If you will be using the Agilent IO Libraries Suite, use its

Connection Expert utility to add the 34980A and verify a
connection. When identifying the instrument, it is easiest if you use
the IP address noted in step 5 above.

• For an overview on programming instruments via LAN, refer to the

Connectivity Guide.

50 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Connecting Over GPIB

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1 Make sure you have installed the required I/O software and device

drivers on your computer.

2 Follow the instructions from your GPIB interface card’s vendor to

install and configure the GPIB hardware in your computer.

3 Connect a GPIB cable (not provided) between your computer and the

34980A.

4 Make sure power is applied to your computer and verify that the

operating system is fully booted. Then apply power to the 34980A.

5 Using the flow diagram below, navigate through the 34980A

front-panel Utility menu. At the IO PORT menu, select GPIB. At the
ENABLE GP-IB submenu, select YES.

Getting Started 2

Front Panel Menu

Navigation Flow Diagram

to Configure a

GPIB Connection

6 Press Utility again to display the GPIB Address. The 34980A is shipped

from the factory with a default GPIB ADDRESS of 9. To change the
address, use the know or arrow keys.

7 Press Utility again to save any changes and exit the Utility menu.
8 Use the Connection Expert utility of the Agilent IO Libraries Suite to

add the 34980A and verify a connection. If you have installed any
other I/O software, refer to documentation included with that
software.

9 Now you can use various programming environments to control the

34980A. For an overview on programming instruments via GPIB, refer
to the Connectivity Guide.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 51

2 Getting Started

Connecting Over USB

1 Make sure you have installed the required I/O software and device

drivers on your computer.

2 Connect a standard USB cable between your computer and the

34980A.

3 Make sure your computer and its operating system is fully booted.

Then apply power to the 34980A.

4 The Found New Hardware Wizard will automatically start and guide

you through configuring the 34980A as a USB device. To install the
software automatically, accept all defaults.

NOTE

If you installed the Agilent IO Libraries software, this also installed the
required low-level software drivers. Therefore, you do not need to insert
the CD when the Found New Hardware Wizard instructs you to do so.

5 Using the flow diagram below, navigate through the 34980A

front-panel Utility menu. At the IO PORT menu, select USB. At the ENABLE
USB submenu, select YES.

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Front Panel Menu

Navigation Flow Diagram

to Configure a

USB Connection

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6 Press Utility. The 34980A will display a two-line status message, with

the 34980A’s connect code for USB.

7 Press Utility one more time to save any changes and exit the Utility

menu. If you made a change, the message REBOOT REQUIRED FOR NEW
SETTINGS will be displayed.

8 Cycle power to the unit. When it reboots, the USB connection will be

enabled.

9 Use the Connection Expert utility of the Agilent IO Libraries Suite to

add the 34980A and verify a connection. If you have installed any
other I/O software, refer to documentation included with that
software.

10 Now you can use various programming environments to control the

34980A. For an overview on programming instruments via USB, refer
to the Connectivity Guide.

52 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Communicating with the 34980A

You can use either instrument drivers or SCPI (Standard Commands for
Programmable Instruments) commands — in any programming
environment — to communicate with the 34980A. However, Agilent has
designed drivers that work best in recommended environments, as shown
in the table below. To install drivers and their associated Help files, refer
to the 34980A Product Reference CD shipped with your 34980A. This CD
also contains a collection of example programs for your reference.

Programming Environment Driver

®

Microsoft
Microsoft
Microsoft
Agilent VEE IVI-COM
National Instrument’s LabVIEW

National Instrument’s LabWindows/CVI

Visual C® version 6.0, Visual C++®, and ANSI C IVI-C, IVI-COM

®

Visual Basic® version 6.0 IVI-C, IVI-COM

®

Visual Studio®.NET for C#, C, and Visual Basic IVI-COM

Getting Started 2

®

®

IVI-C

LabVIEW® Plug and Play

(native mode), IVI-C

As discussed in “Measurement Software” on page 3, several graphic
tools are available for remote programming and control of the 34980A in
addition to basic use of SCPI. These include the BenchLink Data Logger
software (Pro and standard versions) and the Web Browser Interface.

For a brief introduction to the BenchLink Data Logger software, see

“Data Logging and Monitoring” on page 3. The Data Logger software,

and software support are supplied with the 34980A on the 34980A
Product Reference CD.

The Web Browser Interface is described in the subsequent subsections.

Operating the 34980A using the Integrated Web Browser Interface

You can use the 34980A's Web Browser Interface for remote LAN access
and control (configuration, troubleshooting and monitoring) of the
instrument via a Java-enabled Web browser, such as Microsoft® Internet
Explorer.

This section provides an overview of the 34980A Web Interface. While it
works with the 34980A mainframe and all installed plug- in modules, the
34921A multiplexer module is used for illustration purposes.

NOTE

The following tasks assume you have configured the 34980A for LAN
communication and have verified connection to a LAN network. See

“Connecting Over LAN” on page 46 for more information.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 53

2 Getting Started

Launching the Web Interface

1 Open your Internet browser from your computer.
2 From the Tools>Internet Options menu, navigate to Connections (exact

navigation depends on your browser), and then select

LAN Settings.

5

2

Click here for Help

3 From the LAN Settings dialog, select/activate the bypass proxy server

for local addresses (exact terminology depends on your browser).

4 Exit the Internet Options window.
5 Enter the IP address of the 34980A in the Address field and press

return. Either refer to the IP address you wrote on page 48 or

page 50, or use the 34980A's front panel Utility menu to read the IP

address.

6 After entering the appropriate IP address, the 34980A Web Interface's

Welcome Window should appear.

NOTE

The procedures in the following subsections will help you understand
tasks commonly performed using the 34980A's Web Interface. For
additional help on using the interface, click the

?Help with the Page

tab on the lower-left corner of the Web Interface window.

54 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Displaying the Browser Web Control Page

1 From the Welcome Window, click the Browser Web Control tab on the

left side of the window to display the Browser Web Control page.

1

Getting Started 2

2

2 From this page, you can view and modify the configuration of the

modules currently installed in the 34980A.

When you first launch this page, the configuration of the module in
the lowest numbered slot is shown (shown in bold text). To view the
configuration of a different module, click on the desired module name
from the list (slots are numbered 1 through 8).

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 55

2 Getting Started

Selecting the “Allow Full Control” Mode

Select the Allow Full Control radio button as shown. Once enabled, this
mode allows you to open and close channel relays and modify the state
of the installed modules.

Setting a Web Browser Password

If desired, you can control access to the 34980A Web Interface using
password protection. As shipped from the factory, no password is set.
To set a password (available from the front panel only), navigate to the
WEB PASSWORD menu selection from the 34980A front panel, as follows:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > . . . WEB PASSWORD

Use the front panel knob and control keys to enter your password, then
press Exit Menu to save it.

Once specified, this password must be provided to transition from the
Observe Only mode to the Allow Full Control mode

56 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Closing and Opening Channel Relays

Getting Started 2

NOTE

1 To close a channel, left- click directly on the graphic of the desired

You must be in the Allow Full Control mode to close and open channels.

relay. To open a closed channel, click again on the relay graphic.

2

1

2 You can also open and close the four Analog Bus relays by

left- clicking the graphics of these relays. The

Analog Bus Overview

display located near the top of the window shows the slot- by- slot
status of the four Analog Buses.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 57

2 Getting Started

Modifying the Channel Configuration

NOTE

1 To modify the measurement configuration of individual channels (e.g.,

add channel labels, select function and range, etc.), right-click directly
on the graphic of the desired relay. The Channel Configuration dialog
box for that channel is displayed.

You must be in the Allow Full Control mode to modify the channel
configuration.

1

2

2 As an example, change the label on Channel 1001 to DUT_1. Click OK.

58 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Sending SCPI Commands Via the Web Interface

Getting Started 2

NOTE

The Web Interface provides a utility to send SCPI commands to the
34980A via the SCPI Command Interface window. The procedure below
shows how to access this window and send commands.

1 Press the Commands button at the top of the Web Browser Control

page to launch the SCPI Command Interface window.

You must be in the Allow Full Control mode to send instrument
commands to the 34980A.

1

2 The SCPI Command Interface window allows you to:

a Set the time to wait for a command response from the instrument.

D

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 59

2 Getting Started

b

Select commonly used commands to send to the instrument.

c Enter SCPI commands to send to the instrument. You may:

E

•Use

•Use

•Use

Write to send the command to the instrument.
Read to read the response back from the instrument.

Write & Read to send a query to the instrument and read back

the response.

2c

3

4

3 In the Command History field, you can view the last 20 commands sent

to the instrument.

4 You can use the SCPI Quick Reference button to access a syntax

summary of all SCPI commands for the 34980A. For basic SCPI
command syntax and examples, see “SCPI Language Conventions” on
page 66.

60 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

34980A Documentation Map

I f y o u w a n t t o . . . . . . G o h e r e A d d i t i o n a l C o m m e n t s

Install Agilent IO Libraries Suite Automation-Ready CD The Automation-Ready CD is shipped with

Install 34980A instrument drivers 34980A Product Reference CD The 34980A Product Reference CD is

Read the Agilent Connectivity
Guide

Learn more about the 34980A Web
Browser Interface

Learn about the 34980A
front-panel menu content and
operation

Learn more about the 34980A
mainframe and the available
plug-in modules

Learn about the SCPI
programming commands used
with the 34980A

Calibrate or troubleshoot the
34980A

Update 34980A instrument
firmware

Getting Started 2

the 34980A. You can also find installation
instructions and additional information at:

www.agilent.com/find/iolib.

shipped with the 34980A. You can also
download the drivers from the Agilent
Web site at:

www.agilent.com/find/drivers.

Automation-Ready CD The Automation-Ready CD is shipped with

the 34980A. You can also download the
guide from the Agilent Web site at:

www.agilent.com/find/connectivity.

Web Interface On-Line Help
system

“Front Panel at a Glance” on

page 22

“Operating the 34980A from the
Front Panel Keyboard” on

page 34

Chapter 3, “Features and

Functions

Chapter 3, “Features and

Functions

Chapter 4, “Introduction to the

Plug-In Modules for the 34980A

34980A Programmer’s Reference
On-Line Help

Quick Reference Guide

34980A Service Guide Shipped as a printed manual with the

www.agilent.com/find/34980A

Click on the ?Help with this Page tab
on the Web Interface window.

These chapters are part of this Mainframe
User’s Guide, shipped as a printed manual
with the 34980A and a PDF file on the
34980A Product Reference CD. You can
also download the manual from the
Agilent Web site at:

www.agilent.com/find/34980A.

These chapters are part of this Mainframe
User’s Guide, shipped as a printed manual
with the 34980A and a PDF file on the
34980A Product Reference CD. You can
also download the manual from the
Agilent Web site at:

www.agilent.com/find/34980A.

You can find the Programmer's Reference
Help file and the Quick Reference Guide
on the 34980A Product Reference CD. You
can also download these guides from the
Agilent Web site at:

www.agilent.com/find/34980A.

34980A and a PDF file on the 34980A
Product Reference CD. You can also
download the manual from the Agilent
Web site at:

www.agilent.com/find/34980A.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 61

2 Getting Started

62 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Agilent 34980A Multifunction Switch/Measure Unit
Mainframe User’s Guide

3
Features and Functions

This chapter provides detailed information about the features
of the Agilent 34980A, whether you will be operating the
instrument from the front panel or over the remote
interface.

For general information about the plug-in modules, see

Chapter 4, “Introduction to the Plug- In Modules for the

34980A” . For information specific to a particular plug- in
module, see the separate User’s Guide provided for that
module.

Front Panel Features 64
Basic Operating Modes 66
SCPI Commands 66
Remote Interface Configuration 68
Clearing 34980A Memory 78
Analog Bus and Internal DMM Considerations 79
General Measurement Configuration 81
Temperature Measurement Configuration 96
Voltage Measurement Configuration 101
Resistance Measurement Configuration 103
Current Measurement Configuration 104
Frequency Measurement Configuration 105
Mx+B Scaling 106
Scanning 108
Monitor Mode 127
Scanning With External Instruments 129
Alarm Limits 132
Sequences 140
System-Related Operations 147
Calibration Overview 155
Factory Reset State 158
Instrument Preset State 160

Agilent Technologies

63

3 Features and Functions

Front Panel Features

Front Panel Display

The 34980A features a dual-line, alphanumeric display, plus a set of text
and symbolic annunciators to indicate operational modes and error
conditions.

At power on, all segments on the front panel are displayed and all lighted
keys temporarily turn on. The front panel is ready for operation when the
keys are no longer lit and the green channel field on the display shows the
first slot in which a module is installed.

Displayed Messages

The two-line display is context-sensitive; the nature of information
displayed will depend on if you are navigating the configuration menus,
switching between module and channels or viewing measurements

Module and Channel Status

When not in a menu, use the arrow keys to scroll through the (up to
eight) modules installed in the 34980A, and the knob to scroll through
available channels.

With each press of an arrow key, the upper display line indicates at left
the channel in use, in the form sccc, where s is the slot number for
that module and ccc is the channel number. When you stop on any
module, the upper display line will display at right the module type
briefly, then change to display channel information. Scrolling through
the modules will only show information for installed modules, skipping
over unused slots. For detailed examples of the slot and channel
numbering scheme used in the 34980A, see “Slot and Channel

Addressing Scheme” on page 166.

Menu Choices

During menu- driven operations (e.g. measurement configuration), the
primary display line indicates the configuration feature or menu, and
the second display line indicates the submenu, configuration choices or
parameters. The second display line also displays temporary messages,
when exiting menus or to convey configuration state changes.

Readings

During measurement operations, the primary display line shows the
measurement reading and selected measurement function, and the
second display line can be enabled to display secondary measurements.

Annunciators

The annunciators provide indications of communication mode, analog
bus connectivity, trigger status, alarm conditions and more. For a
complete description, see “Annunciator Display Indicators” on page 25.

64 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Features and Functions 3

Self-Guiding Menus

The 34980A utilizes context- sensitive, self-guiding menus for you to
configure measurement functions. In general, the front panel knob and
arrow keys are the primary tools in menu navigation. A list of menu
navigation hints is provided below:

• To select slots and channels so they appear in the green channel field,

use the knob. As you use the front panel, you may be prompted to
enter specific parameters. The menu key in use (e.g. Utility) will be
backlit to indicate that you must select a parameter or that additional
parameters are required in that menu.

• To enter alphanumeric characters, use the knob. To enter numbers, use

the number keypad or the knob. To move the display cursor position,
use the left and right arrow keys.

• To select another choice (other than the one displayed) at a given menu

level, turn the knob.

• To select a displayed parameter and move to the next parameter, press

either the lighted menu key (e.g. Utility) or ENTER.

• To save changes, keep other parameters at their same value, and

immediately exit the menu, press EXIT MENU.

• To exit a menu without saving any changes, press CANCEL (located next

to the number keypad).

• When you have entered all required parameters, the lighting on the

menu key will turn off.

Front Panel Controls

The front panel keys control local operation of the 34980A. They are
illustrated and described in detail in “Front Panel at a Glance” on
page 22. Familiarize yourself with the operation of these keys by following
the Menu Examples in the Getting Started chapter, beginning with “Menu

Example 1: Setting the Time and Date” on page 37.

Throughout this chapter, for each feature which can be controlled from the
front panel, the key or menu navigation sequence is provided. For
example, the navigation instruction given to view menu choices for
temperature measurement units is:

DMM (Configure) > TEMPERATURE > UNITS

There are DMM, Channel and Scan keys in both the Measure and Configure
key groups. Pay particular attention to which is specified in a given
instruction; the key group is inside parentheses ( ). The above example
specifies the DMM key in the Configure group.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 65

3 Features and Functions

Basic Operating Modes

The 34980A has two basic operating modes: Front Panel Operation and
Remote Interface Operation.

The ability to configure the instrument, control circuits and make
measurements from the front panel is useful when the devices being tested
are in close proximity to the 34980A. However, for most test applications,
the 34980A will be located remotely from the devices under test, and you
will send commands to it using its remote interface connectivity modes
(e.g. LAN, GPIB or USB) and your choice of software (e.g. direct SCPI
commands, Web Browser Interface).

For all subsequent sections in this chapter (and in the individual User’s
Guides accompanying the plug-in modules); each feature of the 34980A
mainframe is documented in the following order, as applicable:

• A description of the feature, its application and available choices.

• Instructions for Front Panel Operation.

• Programming instructions/examples for Remote Interface Operation.

The instructions under the heading Front Panel Operation either describe how
to navigate the front panel menus or specify specific menu settings. The
instructions under the heading Remote Interface Operation specify the
required SCPI commands.

SCPI Commands

The instrument complies with the rules and conventions of the present
version of SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments).

NOTE

SCPI Language Conventions

Throughout this guide, the following conventions are used for SCPI
command syntax for remote interface programming:

• Braces ( { } ) enclose the parameter choices for a given command

• A vertical bar ( | ) separates multiple parameter choices for a given

• Triangle brackets ( < > ) indicate that you must specify a value for the

For complete details on the SCPI commands, see the Programmer’s
Reference Help file included on the Agilent 34980A Product Reference CD.

string. The braces are not sent with the command string.

command string.

enclosed parameter. The brackets are not sent with the command string.

• Some parameters are enclosed in square brackets ( [ ] ). This indicates

that the parameter is optional and can be omitted. The brackets are not
sent with the command string. If you do not specify a value for an
optional parameter, the instrument chooses a default value.

66 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Rules for Using a Channel List

Many of the SCPI commands for the 34980A include a channel list
parameter which allows you to specify one or more channels.
From the remote interface, the channel number has the form (@sccc),
where s is the mainframe slot number (1 through 8) and ccc is the
channel number. You can specify a single channel, multiple channels,
or a range of channels.

The following command closes channel 10 on the module in slot 3.

ROUT:CLOS (@3010)

The following command closes channels 10, 12, and 15 on the module
in slot 2.

ROUT:CLOS (@2010,2012,2015)

The following command closes channels 5 through 10 (slot 1) and channel
15 (slot 2). When you specify a range of channels, any channels that are
invalid will be ignored (no error will be generated) but the first and last
channel in the range must be valid.

Features and Functions 3

ROUT:CLOS (@1005:1010,2015)

The Analog Bus relays (numbered s911, s912, s913, etc.) on the
multiplexer and matrix modules are ignored if they are included in a
range of channels. An error will be generated if an Analog Bus relay is
specified as the first or last channel in a range of channels. For example,
the following command closes all valid channels between channel 30
(slot 1) and channel 5 (slot 2). In addition, this command closes Analog
Bus relay 911 on the module in slot 1 (Bank 1). Note that although the
specified range of channels includes the other Analog Bus relays, they are
ignored and are not closed by this command.

ROUT:CLOS (@1030:2005,1911)

The following command will generate an error since the Analog Bus relays
cannot be specified as the first or last channel in a range of channels
(none of the channels will be closed).

ROUT:CLOS (@1005:1911) !Generates an error

In the following command, since the optional <ch_list> parameter is
omitted, the command will be applied to the internal DMM. If the internal
DMM is disabled or is not present, an error will be generated.

INP:IMP:AUTO ON !Applies to the internal DMM

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 67

3 Features and Functions

Remote Interface Configuration

NOTE

To easily configure and verify an interface connection between the 34980A
and your PC, you can use the Agilent IO Libraries Suite or an equivalent.

•

The Agilent IO Libraries Suite—along with installation instructions—is
provided on the Automation-Ready CD, which is shipped with your 34980A.

• Previous versions of the Agilent IO Libraries software are also available. For

more information and to download the current or an earlier version from the
Web, go to www.agilent.com/find/iolib.

• If you have installed the IO Libraries Suite, you can access the Connectivity

Guide via the Agilent IO Libraries Control icon. Or, you can access the
Connectivity Guide via the Web at www.agilent.com/find/connectivity. This
guide provides detailed information on connecting and troubleshooting GPIB,
USB and LAN interfaces.

The Agilent 34980A supports GPIB, USB, and LAN interfaces. All three
interfaces are enabled at power on. All three interfraces are enabled at
power on, and the corresponding front-panel annunciator turns on
whenever there is activity on the remote interface.

Remote communication with the 34980A requires three steps:

1 Making a PC data connection. This was covered in Chapter 1. For

basic connection instructions, see “Connecting the 34980A to Your

Computer” on page 45.

2 Configuration of that connection. The remainder of this section covers

configuration settings for GPIB and LAN (there are no configuration
settings needed for a USB connection).

3 Sending commands (programming the 34980A). You may use SCPI

commands, the Web Browser Interface, the BenchLink Data Logger
software, or another tool.

For SCPI Command syntax (detailed information on the SCPI
commands available to program the instrument over the remote
interface), see the Programmer’s Reference Help file included on the
Agilent 34980A Product Reference CD shipped with the instrument.

The 34980A Web Browser Interface is covered fully in Chapter 2. For
an overview of the Web Browser Interface (LAN only), see “Operating

the 34980A using the Integrated Web Browser Interface” on page 53.

68 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

GPIB Interface

Each device on the GPIB (IEEE- 488) interface must have a unique address.
You can set the instrument’s address to any value between 0 and 30.
The address is set to “9” when the instrument is shipped from the factory.

• Your computer’s GPIB interface card has its own address. Be sure to

avoid using the computer’s address for any instrument on the interface
bus.

• The GPIB address is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not

change when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
command), or after an Instrument Preset (

Front Panel Operation: Utility > REMOTE I/O > GPIB > GPIB ADDRESS

To set the GPIB address, turn the knob (or use the number keypad)
to select the desired address.

Remote Interface Operation: SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess

Features and Functions 3

*RST

SYSTem:PRESet command).

LAN Interface

By default, DHCP is enabled on the instrument, which may enable network
communication over the LAN interface (10BaseT/100BaseTx) without
modifying default settings. However, you may need to change several LAN
configuration parameters, including:

• DHCP

• IP Address

• Auto- IP

• Subnet Mask

• Default Gateway

• Host Name

• DNS Server

• Domain Name

Front panel and remote interface instructions for setting these parameters
are provided in the following subsections.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 69

3 Features and Functions

DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol for
automatically assigning a dynamic IP address to a device on a network.
DHCP is typically the easiest way to configure your instrument for remote
communication using the LAN interface.

If you change the DHCP setting, you must cycle power on the 34980A to
activate the new setting.

• When DHCP is enabled (factory setting), the instrument will try to

• When DHCP is disabled or unavailable, the instrument will use the

• If a DHCP LAN address is not assigned by a DHCP server, then a static

• The DHCP setting is stored in non- volatile memory, and does not

obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. If a DHCP server is found,
it will assign a dynamic IP address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway
to the instrument.

static IP address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway during power-on.

IP will be assumed after approximately 2 minutes.

change when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
command), or after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > DHCP

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DHCP {OFF|ON}

70 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Features and Functions 3

IP Address

An Internet Protocol (IP) Address is required for all IP and TCP/IP
communications with the instrument. If DHCP is enabled (factory setting),
the specified static IP address is not used. However, if the DHCP server
fails to assign a valid IP address, the currently configured static IP
address will be used.

If you change the IP address, you must cycle power on the 34980A to
activate the new setting.

• The default IP Address for the 34980A is “169.254.9.80”.

• Dot-notation addresses (“nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn” where “nnn” is a byte

value) must be expressed with care, as most web software on the
computer will interpret byte values with leading zeros as octal numbers.
For example, “255.255.020.011” is actually equivalent to decimal
“255.255.16.9” not “255.255.20.11” because “.020” is interpreted as “16”
expressed in octal, and “.011” as “9”. To avoid confusion, use only
decimal expressions of byte values (0 to 255), with no leading zeros.

For example, the 34980A assumes that all dot-notation addresses are
expressed as decimal byte values and strips all leading zeros from these
byte values. Thus, attempting to set an IP address of “255.255.020.011”
will become “255.255.20.11” (a purely decimal expression). Be sure to
enter the exact expression, “255.255.20.11”, in your computer web
software to address the instrument. Do not use “255.255.020.011” — the
computer will interpret this address differently due to the leading zeros.

• If you are planning to use a static IP address on a Corporate LAN,

contact your network administrator to obtain a fixed IP address to be
used exclusively for your instrument.

• The IP address is stored in non- volatile memory, and does not change

when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST command), or

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > DHCP OFF >
AUTO IP OFF > IP ADDRESS

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:IPADdress "<address>"

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 71

3 Features and Functions

Auto-IP

The Auto- IP standard automatically assigns an IP address to the 34980A
when on a network that does not have DHCP servers.

If you change the Auto- IP configuration, you must cycle power on the
34980A to activate the new setting.

• Auto-IP allocates IP addresses from the link- local address range

• From the factory, the Auto-IP setting is enabled.

• The Auto-IP setting is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > DHCP OFF > AUTO IP

(169.254.xxx.xxx).

change when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
command), or after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:AUTOip (OFF|ON}

72 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Features and Functions 3

Subnet Mask

The instrument uses the Subnet Mask to determine if a client IP address
is on the same local subnet. When a client IP address is on a different
subnet, all packets must be sent to the Default Gateway. Contact your
network administrator to determine if subnetting is being used and for the
correct Subnet Mask.

If you change the Subnet Mask, you must cycle power on the 34980A to
activate the setting.

• The default Subnet Mask for the 34980A is “255.255.0.0”.

• If DHCP is enabled, the specified Subnet Mask is not used. However,

if the DHCP server fails to assign a valid IP address, the currently
configured Subnet Mask will be used.

• Dot-notation addresses (“nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn” where “nnn” is a byte

value) must be expressed with care, as most web software on the
computer will interpret byte values with leading zeros as octal numbers.
For example, “255.255.020.011” is actually equivalent to decimal
“255.255.16.9” not “255.255.20.11” because “.020” is interpreted as “16”
expressed in octal, and “.011” as “9”. To avoid confusion, use only
decimal expressions of byte values (0 to 255), with no leading zeros.

For example, the 34980A assumes that all dot-notation addresses are
expressed as decimal byte values and strips all leading zeros from these
byte values. Thus, attempting to set a Subnet Mask of “255.255.020.011”
will become “255.255.20.11” (a purely decimal expression). Be sure to
enter the exact expression, “255.255.20.11”, in your computer web
software to address the instrument. Do not use “255.255.020.011” — the
the computer will interpret this address differently due to the leading
zeros.

• A value of “0.0.0.0” or “255.255.255.255” indicates that subnetting is not

being used.

• The Subnet Mask is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change

when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST command), or

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > DHCP OFF >
AUTO IP OFF > . . . SUBNET MASK

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:SMASk "<mask>"

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 73

3 Features and Functions

Default Gateway

A Default Gateway address allows the instrument to communicate with
systems that are not on the local subnet. Thus, this is the Default Gateway
where packets are sent which are destined for a device not on the local
subnet, as determined by the Subnet Mask setting. Contact your network
administrator to determine if a gateway is being used and for the
correct address.

If you change the Default Gateway, you must cycle power on the 34980A
to activate the new setting.

• The default for the 34980A is “0.0.0.0” (no gateway, and subnetting is

• If DHCP is enabled, the specified Default Gateway is not used.

• Dot-notation addresses (“nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn” where “nnn” is a byte

not being used).

However, if the DHCP server fails to assign a valid IP address,
the currently configured Default Gateway will be used.

value) must be expressed with care, as most web software on the
computer will interpret byte values with leading zeros as octal numbers.
For example, “255.255.020.011” is actually equivalent to decimal
“255.255.16.9” not “255.255.20.11” because “.020” is interpreted as “16”
expressed in octal, and “.011” as “9”. To avoid confusion, use only
decimal expressions of byte values (0 to 255), with no leading zeros.

For example, the 34980A assumes that all dot-notation addresses are
expressed as decimal byte values and strips all leading zeros from these
byte values. Thus, attempting to set a Default Gateway of
“255.255.020.011” will become “255.255.20.11” (a purely decimal
expression). Be sure to enter the exact expression, “255.255.20.11”, in
your computer web software to address the instrument. Do not use
“255.255.020.011” — the computer will interpret this address differently
due to the leading zeros.

• The Default Gateway is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not

change when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
command), or after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > DHCP OFF >
AUTO IP OFF > . . . DEFAULT GATEWAY

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATEway "<address>"

74 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Features and Functions 3

Host Name

The Host Name is the host portion of the domain name, which is
translated into an IP address.

If you change the Host Name, you must cycle power on the 34980A to
activate the new setting.

• The default Host Name for the 34980A is “A-34980A- nnnnn”, where

nnnnn represents the last five digits of the instrument’s serial number.

• If Dynamic Domain Name System (DNS) is available on your network

and your instrument uses DHCP, the Host Name is registered with the
Dynamic DNS service at power- on.

• If DHCP is enabled, the DHCP server can change the specified

Host Name.

• The Host Name is stored in non- volatile memory, and does not change

when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
after an Instrument Preset (

*RST command), or

SYSTem:PRESet command).

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > . . . HOST NAME

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:HOSTname "<name>"

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 75

3 Features and Functions

DNS Server

The Domain Name Service (DNS) is an Internet service that translates
Domain names into IP addresses. Contact your network administrator to
determine if DNS is being used and for the correct address.

If you change the DNS address, you must cycle power on the 34980A to
activate the new setting.

• The default DNS Address for the 34980A is “0.0.0.0”.

• Dot-notation addresses (“nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn” where “nnn” is a byte

value) must be expressed with care, as most web software on the
computer will interpret byte values with leading zeros as octal numbers.
For example, “255.255.020.011” is actually equivalent to decimal
“255.255.16.9” not “255.255.20.11” because “.020” is interpreted as “16”
expressed in octal, and “.011” as “9”. To avoid confusion, use only
decimal expressions of byte values (0 to 255), with no leading zeros.

For example, the 34980A assumes that all dot-notation addresses are
expressed as decimal byte values and strips all leading zeros from these
byte values. Thus, attempting to set an IP address of “255.255.020.011”
will become “255.255.20.11” (a purely decimal expression). Be sure to
enter the exact expression, “255.255.20.11”, in your computer web
software to address the instrument. Do not use “255.255.020.011” — the
computer will interpret this address differently due to the leading zeros.

• The DNS address is stored in non- volatile memory, and does not change

when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST command), or

Front Panel Operation:

Utility > REMOTE I/O > LAN > LAN SETTINGS > MODIFY > DHCP OFF >
AUTO IP OFF > . . . DNS SERVER

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DNS "<address>"

76 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Features and Functions 3

Domain Name

A domain name is a registered name on the Internet, which is translated
into an IP address. This feature is available from the remote interface only.

If you change the Domain Name, you must cycle power on the 34980A to
activate the new setting.

• If Dynamic Domain Name System (DNS) is available on your network

and your instrument uses DHCP, the Domain Name is registered with
the Dynamic DNS service at power- on.

• If DHCP is enabled, the DHCP server can change the specified

Domain Name.

• The Domain Name is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not

change when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
command), or after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST

Remote Interface Operation:

SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DOMain "<name>"

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 77

3 Features and Functions

Clearing 34980A Memory

For security reasons, you may want to clear memory in the 34980A.

Volatile Memory

The following settings are stored in volatile memory:

• All measurement results

• Any non-default internal DMM settings

• Any non-default channel configurations

• Any non-default Mx+B scaling constants

• All alarm settings

Front Panel Operation:

To clear all measurement results and settings held in volatile memory,
cycle power to the 34980A.

Remote Interface Operation:

To clear all measurement results and settings held in volatile memory,
send the

Non-Volatile Memory

The following settings are stored in non- volatile memory:

• Optional channel labels

• Real- time system clock setting

• Front-panel number format setting

• GPIB address setting

• LAN settings

• Stored instrument states

Remote Interface Operation:

To clear the stored instrument states, use the

MEMory:STATe:DELete:ALL command.

To clear non-volatile memory, with the exception of the LAN MAC
address and USB ID, use the

*RST command.

SYSTem:SECurity:IMMediate command.

78 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Analog Bus and Internal DMM Considerations

This section provides important environmental and electrical
considerations that can affect mainframe operation.

Environmental Operating Conditions

The 34980A mainframe, including the optional internal DMM, is designed
to operate in a temperature range of 0 °C to +55 °C with non- condensing
humidity. The maximum humidity is 80% at 40 °C or higher. Do not use in
locations where conductive dust or electrolytic salt dust may be present.

The 34980A should be operated in an indoor environment where
temperature and humidity are controlled. Condensation can pose a
potential shock hazard. Condensation can occur when the instrument is
moved from a cold to a warm environment, or if the temperature and/or
humidity of the environment changes quickly.

When used in pollution degree 1 conditions, the maximum voltage rating
for the Analog Buses is 300V. When used in pollution degree 2 conditions,
the maximum voltage rating is 100V. If conditions change, ensure that
condensation has evaporated and the instrument has thermally stabilized
until pollution degree 1 conditions are restored before turning on power to
the equipment.

Features and Functions 3

NOTE

NOTE

Pollution Degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive pollution
occurs. The pollution has no influence (on insulation) (IEC 61010-1
2nd Edition).

Pollution Degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution occurs.
Occasionally, a temporary conductivity (leakage current between isolated
conductors) caused by condensation can be expected (IEC 61010-1
2nd Edition).

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 79

3 Features and Functions

Electrical Operating Conditions

WARNING

To avoid electric shock, turn off the 34980A and disconnect or
de-energize all field wiring to the modules and the Analog Bus
connector before removing any module or slot cover.

Transients

The Analog Buses and the optional internal DMM are designed to safely
withstand occasional transient overvoltages up to 1000 Vpeak. Typically,
these transient overvoltages result from switching inductive loads or from
nearby lightning strikes. The lightning- caused transient overvoltages that
may occasionally occur on mains power outlets may be as high as
2500 Vpeak.

WARNING

Do not connect the Analog Buses directly to a mains power outlet.
If it is necessary to measure a mains voltage or any circuit where a
large inductive load may be switched, you must add signal conditioning
elements to reduce the potential transients before they reach the
Analog Buses.

High Energy Sources

The Analog Buses and the optional internal DMM are designed to handle
inputs up to their rated currents or their rated powers, whichever is less.
Under certain fault conditions, high energy sources could provide
substantially more current or power than the instrument can handle. It is
important to provide external current limiting, such as fuses, if the inputs
are connected to high- energy sources.

CAUTION

80 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Install current limiting devices between high energy sources and the
module inputs.

General Measurement Configuration

This section contains general information to help you configure the
instrument for making measurements. Since these parameters are used
by several measurement functions, the discussion is combined into one
common section. Refer to the later sections in this chapter for more
information on parameters specific to each measurement function.

Overview of Measurement Modes

Two modes of operation are available with the 34980A, depending on the
level of switching and measurement that you wish to directly control:
the Stand- Alone DMM Mode and the Scanning Mode.

Stand-Alone DMM Mode

In the Stand- Alone DMM Mode, the internal DMM makes measurements of
whatever signals are present on the Analog Buses. In this mode, you have
full control of what channel relays are closed and connected to the
appropriate Analog Bus for the measurement. You can route your signals
directly to the internal DMM using the 34980A multiplexer and matrix
modules, or you can connect to external signals via the Analog Bus
connector located on instrument’s rear panel (see “Analog Buses” on
page 84).

Features and Functions 3

Front Panel Operation:

• To configure the most common measurement parameters for the

internal DMM, use the DMM (Configure) key.

• To close the desired channel relays and Analog Bus relays, use the

Close key. The Analog Bus relays on the multiplexer and matrix modules
are numbered s911, s912, s913, etc.

• To auto-trigger the internal DMM and display continuous readings,

press the DMM (Measure) key. Press the DMM (Measure) key again to stop
taking measurements.

• For additional triggering control and to store DMM readings in memory,

use the Scan (Configure) key to set the triggering parameters, and then
press and hold the Scan (Measure) key to initiate the DMM measurement.
These selections are available only for stand- alone DMM use when a
scan list has not been defined (see “Stand- Alone DMM Mode” on
page 81).

• To stop storing readings in memory during long measurements,

press and hold the Scan (Measure) key.

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 81

3 Features and Functions

Remote Interface Operation:

• You can use the MEASure? command without specifying a <ch_list> to

• To close the desired channel relays and Analog Bus relays, use the

• To directly control all measurement parameters or triggering, use the

quickly take a stand- alone DMM reading. Note, however, that with the

MEASure? command, most measurement parameters are set to their

default values.

ROUTe:CLOSe command. The Analog Bus relays on the multiplexer and

matrix modules are numbered s911, s912, s913, etc.

CONFigure, SENSe, and TRIGger commands without specifying a

<ch_list> parameter. To initiate the measurement, use the

READ? command without specifying a <ch_list>. Each time you initiate a

INITiate or

new measurement, the instrument will clear the previous set of
readings from memory.

• To stop a measurement in progress, use the

• To view the readings in memory, use the

ABORt command.

FETCh? command

(the readings are not erased when you read them).

Scanning Mode

In the Scanning Mode, the 34980A automatically controls a sequence
of measurements using the internal DMM, possibly across multiple
channels, and stores the results in memory. The 34980A closes and
opens the appropriate channel relays and Analog Bus relays required
for the sequence. The following general rules apply to the Scanning Mode
(for more information on using the Scanning Mode, see “Scanning” on
page 108.)

• Any channel that can be “read” by the instrument can also be included

in a scan. A scan can also include a read of a digital channel or a read
of the totalizer count on the digital modules.

• Before you can initiate a scan, you must set up a scan list to include all

desired multiplexer or digital channels. Channels which are not in the
scan list are skipped during the scan.

• The Analog Bus relays are automatically opened and closed as required

during the scan to connect to the internal DMM for the measurement.
For example, all 2-wire measurements use the ABus1 (MEAS) relays
for 4-wire measurements, the ABus2 (SENS) relays are used in addition
to the ABus1 relays.

• Each time you initiate a new scan, the instrument will clear the

previous set of readings from memory.

82 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Features and Functions 3

Front Panel Operation:

• To configure the measurement parameters and add a channel to the

scan list, use the Channel (Configure) key.

• To initiate a scan and store all readings in memory, press the

Scan (Measure) key. If you press the Scan (Measure) key with no
scan list defined, the instrument initiates a DMM- only measurement
(see “Stand- Alone DMM Mode” on page 81).

• To stop a scan in progress, press and hold the Scan (Measure) key.

Remote Interface Operation:

• To define the list of channels to be included in the scan list, use the

ROUTe:SCAN command.

• To configure the measurement parameters on the desired channels,

use the

CONFigure and SENSe commands.

• To initiate a scan and store all readings in memory, use the

or

READ? command. Each time you initiate a new scan, the instrument

will clear the previous set of readings from memory.

• To stop a scan in progress, use the

• To view the readings in memory, use the

ABORt command.

FETCh? command

(the readings are not erased when you read them).

NOTE

You can use the READ? command in one of three forms depending on
which measurement mode you wish to use.

• If you omit the optional <ch_list> parameter and a scan list is not
currently defined, the READ? command applies to the internal DMM.

• If you omit the optional <ch_list> parameter and a scan list is
defined, the READ? command performs a scan of the channels in the
scan list.

• If you specify a <ch_list>, regardless of whether a scan list is currently
defined, the READ? command performs a “temporary” scan of the
specified channels (independent of the present scan list).

NOTE

You can use the MEASure? command in one of two forms depending on
which measurement mode you wish to use.

INITiate

currently

• If you omit the optional <ch_list> parameter, the MEASure? command
applies to the internal DMM.

• If you specify a <ch_list>, the MEASure? command performs a
“temporary” scan of the specified channels (independent of the
present scan list).

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 83

3 Features and Functions

Analog Buses

The 34980A provides four 2- wire internal Analog Buses for easier signal
routing. You can route your measurements directly to the internal DMM
using the 34980A multiplexer and matrix modules, or you can connect to
external signals via the Analog Bus connector located on the instrument’s
rear panel (see connector pinout below). Since four 2-wire buses are
provided, you can dedicate one bus for use with the internal DMM and
use the other three buses for module extensions or additional signal
routing between modules.

Analog Bus connector (as viewed from rear of instrument)

84 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Measurement Functions

The following table shows which DMM measurement functions are
supported by each of the multiplexer modules.

Note that similar considerations must be taken into account on the
34931A, 34932A, and 34933A matrix modules. Since the matrix modules
cannot be incorporated into a scan list, you must use the Stand- Alone
DMM Mode for these modules.

Features and Functions 3

Measurement
F u n c t i o n ( s )

34921A

4 0 - c h
A r m
M u x

34922A

7 0 - c h
A r m
M u x

3 4 9 2 3 A

40-ch
R e e d
M u x
( 2 - W i r e )

34923A

8 0 - c h
R e e d
M u x
(1-Wire)

3 4 9 2 4 A

7 0 - c h
R e e d
M u x )

34925A

40-ch
F E T
Mux
(2-Wire)

34925A

80-ch
F E T
Mux
(1-Wire)

Voltage, AC/DC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Current, AC/DC Yes

1

No No No No No No

Frequency/Period Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Ye s

5

5

3,4

5

5

5

Ohms 2-Wire Yes Yes Yes

Ohms 4-Wire Yes Yes Yes

Thermocouple Yes

2

Ye s

3

RTD 2-Wire Yes Yes Yes

RTD 4-Wire Yes Yes Yes

Thermistor Yes Yes Yes

1

Direct current measurements are allowed on channels 41 through 44 only (for all other channels, external

shunts are required).

2

Optional 34921T Terminal Block is required for thermocouple measurements with built-in internal reference

junction.

3

A fixed or external reference junction temperature is required for thermocouple measurement with this

module.

4

Impact of higher offset voltage specification (< 50 µV) must be taken into consideration.

5

1 kΩ or higher range used unless 100Ω series resistors are bypassed on module.

6

10 kΩ or higher range used for loads over approximately 300Ω due to series resistance of FET channels.

5

Ye s

No Yes

3,4

Ye s

5

Ye s

No Yes

5

Ye s

Ye s

Ye s

Ye s

Ye s

3,4

5

5

5

5

5

6

Ye s

Ye s

Ye s

6

3

Ye s

Ye s

No No

6

Ye s

No No

No

No

6

3

Front Panel Operation: DMM or Channel (Configure) > DMM MEASUREMENT

Use the knob (or numeric keypad) to select the desired channel.
Then select the desired measurement function for this channel. You are
automatically guided to the next level of the menu where you can
configure other measurement parameters (range, integration time, etc.).

Remote Interface Operation: You can select the measurement function using

CONFigure and MEASure? commands. For example, the following

the
command configures the specified channel for dc voltage measurements.

CONF:VOLT:DC 10,DEF,(@3001)

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 85

3 Features and Functions

Measurement Range

You can allow the instrument to automatically select the measurement
range using autoranging or you can select a fixed range using manual
ranging. Autoranging is convenient because the instrument decides
which range to use for each measurement based on the input signal.
For fastest scanning operation, use manual ranging on each measurement
(some additional time is required for autoranging since the instrument has
to make a range selection).

• Autorange thresholds:

• If the input signal is greater than can be measured on the selected

Down range at:
Up range at:

<10% of range
>120% of range

range (manual ranging), the instrument gives an overload indication:
“±OVLD” from the front panel or “±9.9E+37” from the remote interface.
An overload on ac voltage measurements will yield one invalid reading
following the overload.

• For temperature measurements, the instrument internally selects the

range; you cannot select which range is used. For thermocouple
measurements, the instrument internally selects the 100 mV range.
For thermistor and RTD measurements, the instrument autoranges to
the correct range for the transducer resistance measurement.

• For frequency and period measurements, the instrument uses one

“range” for all inputs between 3 Hz and 300 kHz. The range parameter
is required only to specify the resolution. Therefore, it is not necessary
to send a new command for each new frequency to be measured.

• The

CONFigure and MEASure? commands contain an optional parameter

which allows you to specify the range or autoranging.

• The instrument returns to autoranging when the measurement function

is changed and after a Factory Reset (
Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command) or Card Reset (SYSTem:CPON

*RST command). An Instrument

command) does not change the range setting.

Front Panel Operation: DMM or Channel (Configure) > RANGE

First, select the measurement function on the active channel. You are
automatically guided to the next level of the menu where you can select
a specific range or autoranging.

Remote Interface Operation: You can select the range using parameters in

the

CONFigure and MEASure? commands. For example, the following

command selects the 10 Vdc range on the specified channel.

CONF:VOLT:DC 10,DEF,(@3001)

86 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Measurement Resolution

Resolution is expressed in number of digits the internal DMM can
measure or display on the front panel. You can set the resolution to 4, 5,
or 6 full digits, plus a “½” digit which can be “0” or “1”. To increase the
measurement accuracy and improve noise rejection, select 6½ digits.
To increase the measurement speed, select 4½ digits.

• For ac voltage measurements, the resolution is fixed at 6½ digits.

The only way to control the reading rate for ac measurements is by
changing the channel delay (see “Channel Delay” on page 120) or by
setting the ac filter to the highest frequency limit (see “AC Low

Frequency Filter” on page 102).

• The specified resolution is used for all measurements on the selected

channel. If you have applied Mx+B scaling, have assigned alarms to the
selected channel, or are in Monitor mode, those measurements are also
made using the specified resolution.

• Changing the number of digits does more than just change the

resolution of the instrument. It also changes integration time, which is
the measurement sampling period for the instrument’s A/D converter.
See “Custom A/D Integration Time” on page 88 for more information.

• The

• The instrument returns to 5½ digits when the measurement function is

CONFigure and MEASure? commands contain an optional parameter

which allows you to specify the resolution.

changed and after a Factory Reset (
Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command) or Card Reset (SYSTem:CPON

command) does not change the resolution setting.

Features and Functions 3

*RST command). An Instrument

Front Panel Operation: DMM or Channel (Configure) > INTEGRATION > NPLC

Select the measurement function on the active channel, then select the
desired resolution at the next menu level.

Remote Interface Operation: Specify the resolution in the same units as

the measurement function, not in number of digits. For example, if the
function is dc voltage, specify the resolution in volts. For frequency,
specify the resolution in hertz.

You can select the resolution using parameters in the

MEASure? commands. For example, the following command selects the

CONFigure and

10 Vdc range with 4½ digits of resolution on the specified channel.

CONF:VOLT:DC 10,0.001,(@3001)

The following command selects the 1A range with 6½ digits of resolution
on channel 2041 (current measurements are allowed only on channels 41
through 44 on the 34921A).

MEAS:CURR:AC? 1,1E-6,(@2041)

You can also select the resolution using the SENSe commands. For example,
the following command specifies a 2-wire ohms measurement with 100

Ω of

resolution on channel 1003.

SENS:RES:RES 100,(@1003)

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 87

3 Features and Functions

Custom A/D Integration Time

Integration time is the period of time the internal DMM’s analog- to- digital
(A/D) converter samples the input signal for a measurement. Integration
time affects the measurement resolution (for better resolution, use a longer
integration time) and measurement speed (for faster measurements, use a
shorter integration time). The default integration time is 1 PLC.

• Integration time is specified in number of power line cycles (PLCs).

• Only integral number of power line cycles (1, 2, 10, 20, 100, or 200

• You can also specify integration time in seconds (this is called aperture

• The only way to control the reading rate for ac measurements is by

• The specified integration time is used for all measurements on the

• The following table shows the relationship between integration time,

Select from 0.02, 0.2, 1, 2, 10, 20, 100, or 200 power line cycles.

PLCs) provide normal mode (line frequency noise) rejection.

time). Select a value from 300 µs and 1 second, with 4 µs resolution.

changing the channel delay (see “Channel Delay” on page 120) or by
setting the ac filter to the highest frequency limit (see “AC Low

Frequency Filter” on page 102).

selected channel. If you have applied Mx+B scaling, have assigned
alarms to the selected channel or are using Monitor mode, those
measurements are also made using the specified integration time.

measurement resolution, number of digits, and number of bits.

Integration Time Resolution Digits Bits

0.02 PLC

0.2 PLC

1 PLC

2 PLC

10 PLC

20 PLC
100 PLC
200 PLC

< 0.0001 x Range
< 0.00001 x Range

< 0.000003 x Range

< 0.0000022 x Range

< 0.000001 x Range

< 0.0000008 x Range
< 0.0000003 x Range
< 0.00000022 x Range

4½ Digits
5½ Digits

5½ Digits

6½ Digits

6½ Digits

6½ Digits
6½ Digits
6½ Digits

15
18

20

21

24

25
26
26

• The instrument selects 1 PLC when the measurement function is

changed and after a Factory Reset (
Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command) or Card Reset (SYSTem:CPON

*RST command). An Instrument

command) does not change the integration time setting.

Front Panel Operation: DMM or Channel (Configure) > INTEGRATION > TIME

First, select the measurement function on the active channel. You are
automatically guided to the next level of the menu where you can select
a specific integration time.

Remote Interface Operation: You can set the integration time using the

SENSe commands. For example, the following command specifies an

aperture time of 2 ms for resistance measurements on channel 2001.

SENS:RES:APER 0.002,(@2001)

88 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Autozero

Features and Functions 3

When autozero is enabled (default), the instrument internally
disconnects the input signal following each measurement, and takes a
zero reading. It then subtracts the zero reading from the preceding
reading. This prevents offset voltages present on the instrument’s input
circuitry from affecting measurement accuracy.

When autozero is disabled, the instrument takes one zero reading and
subtracts it from all subsequent measurements. It takes a new zero reading
each time you change the function, range, or integration time.

• Applies to dc voltage, resistance, temperature, and dc current

measurements only.

• The autozero mode is set indirectly when you set the resolution and

integration time. Autozero is automatically turned off when you select
an integration time less than 1 PLC.

• The

CONFigure and MEASure? commands automatically enable autozero.

• The autozero setting is stored in non- volatile memory, and does

not change when power has been off, after a Factory Reset (
command), or after an Instrument Preset (

SYSTem:PRESet command).

*RST

Front Panel Operation: DMM or Channel (Configure) > AUTO ZERO

Remote Interface Operation: The OFF and ONCE parameters have a similar

effect. Autozero OFF does not issue a new zero measurement. Autozero
ONCE issues an immediate zero measurement.

[SENSe:]<function>:ZERO:AUTO {OFF|ONCE|ON} [,(@<ch_list>)]

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 89

3 Features and Functions

Trigger Delay

In some applications, you want to allow the input to settle before taking a
reading or for pacing a burst of readings. You can add a trigger delay,
which adds a delay between the trigger signal and the first sample taken
by the internal DMM (not used in Scanning Mode). The programmed
trigger delay overrides the default trigger delay that the instrument
automatically adds to the measurement.

Sample CountTrigger 1 Sample CountTrigger 2

t

Trigger Delay

(0 to 3600 seconds)

Trigger delay

• The default trigger delay is Automatic (see “Automatic Trigger

Delays” on page 91); the instrument determines the delay based on

function, range, and integration time.

• If you specify a trigger delay other than Automatic, that same delay is

used for all functions and ranges.

• If you have configured the instrument to take more than one reading

per trigger (sample count > 1), the specified trigger delay is inserted
between the trigger and the first reading in the sample burst.

• The

CONFigure and MEASure? commands set the trigger delay to

Automatic.

• The instrument selects an automatic trigger delay after a Factory Reset

(

*RST command). An Instrument Preset (SYSTem:PRESet command) or

Card Reset (

SYSTem:CPON command) does not change the setting.

90 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide

Automatic Trigger Delays

If you do not specify a trigger delay, the instrument selects a delay
for you. The delay is determined by the function, range, integration time,
and ac filter setting as shown below.

DC Voltage, Thermocouple, DC Current (for all ranges):

Integration Time Trigger Delay

Features and Functions 3

PLC > 1
PLC ≤ 1

2.0 ms

1.0 ms

Resistance, RTD, Thermistor (2- and 4-wire):

R a n g e

100Ω
1 kΩ
10 kΩ
100 kΩ
1 MΩ
10 MΩ
100 MΩ

Trigger Delay
( f o r P L C > 1 )

2.0 ms

2.0 ms

2.0 ms
25 ms
30 ms
200 ms
200 ms

Tr i g g e r D e l a y
( f o r P L C ≤ 1)

1.0 ms

1.0 ms

1.0 ms
20 ms
25 ms
200 ms
200 ms

AC Voltage, AC Current (for all ranges):

AC Filter Trigger Delay

Slow (3 Hz)
Medium (20 Hz)
Fast (200 Hz)

7.0 seconds

1.0 second
120 ms

Frequency, Period:

AC Filter Trigger Delay

Slow (3 Hz)
Medium (20 Hz)
Fast (200 Hz)

600 ms
300 ms
100 ms

Digital Input, Totalize:

Tr i g g e r D e l a y

0 seconds

Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide 91

3 Features and Functions

Safety Interlock

The Safety Interlock feature prevents connections to the Analog Buses
if no terminal block or properly- wired cable is connected to a module
(available on multiplexer and matrix modules only).

Normally, if you attempt to connect to the Analog Buses without a
terminal block or properly- wired cable connected, an error is generated.
You can, however, temporarily disable errors generated by the Safety
Interlock feature. This simulation mode may be useful during test system
development when you may not have connected any terminal blocks or
cables to your module.

This feature is available from the remote interface only

CAUTION

• The simulation mode applies to the entire mainframe and cannot be

selectively used on individual modules.

• When the simulation mode is enabled, the Analog Bus relays will

appear to close and open as directed. For example, no errors are
generated if you close an Analog Bus relay from the front panel, remote
interface, or Web Interface. However, remember that the Safety Interlock
feature prevents the actual hardware state of the Analog Bus relays
from being changed. When you connect a terminal block or cable to the
module, the Analog Bus relays will be closed.

• The simulation setting is stored in volatile memory and will be lost

when power is turned off. To re- enable the simulation mode after
power has been off, you must send the command again.

The Safety Interlock feature is implemented in hardware on the modules
and cannot be circumvented. Regardless of whether the simulation mode
is enabled or disabled, all Analog Bus connections are prohibited as long
as no terminal block or properly-wired cable is connected to the module.

Remote Interface Operation: SYSTem:ABUS:INTerlock:SIMulate {OFF|ON}

92 Agilent 34980A Mainframe User’s Guide