Agilent 16554A Help Volume

Help Volume

Instrument: HP 16554A .5M Sample Logic Analyzer

HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

The HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer offers just enough memory and just enough speed to solve most digital debug problems.

Getting Started

• “Analyzer Probing Overview” on page 93

• “Setting Up a Measurement” on page 10

• “When Something Goes Wrong” on page 33

• “Error Messages” on page 33

Measurement Examples

• “Making a Basic Timing Measurement” on page 22

• “Making a Basic State Measurement” on page 18

• Advanced Measurement Examples (see the Measurement Examples help

volume)

• “Interpreting the Data” on page 26

More Features

“Coordinating Measurements” on page 31

Using Inverse Assembly (see the Listing Display Tool help volume)

Using Symbols (see page 96)

Using Markers (see the Markers help volume)

“Loading and Saving Logic Analyzer Configurations” on page 32

“Testing the Logic Analyzer Hardware” on page 40

Interface Reference

“The Sampling Tab” on page 41

“The Format Tab” on page 49

“The Trigger Tab” on page 60

“The Symbols Tab” on page 96

“Specifications and Characteristics” on page 89

Main System Help (see the HP 16600A/16700A Logic Analysis System help volume)

Glossary of Terms (see page 123)

HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

1 HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement 10

Connect the Analyzer to the Target System 10 Define the Type of Measurement 11 Set Up the Bus Labels 13 Define Trigger Conditions 14 Run the Measurement 15 Examine the Data 16

Making a Basic State Measurement 18

Making a Basic Timing Measurement 22

Interpreting the Data 26

Analysis Using Waveform 26 Analysis Using Listing 28

Coordinating Measurements 31

Loading and Saving Logic Analyzer Configurations 32

When Something Goes Wrong 33

Interference with Target System 33 Error Messages 33 Nothing Happens 34 Suspicious Data 34

Testing the Logic Analyzer Hardware 40

Contents

The Sampling Tab 41

Acquisition Depth 41 Setting the Acquisition Mode 42 Performing Clock Setup (State only) 42 Naming the Analyzer 45 Turning the Analyzer Off 46 Sample Period (Timing Only) 46 Trigger Position Control 47

The Format Tab 49

Activity Indicators 49 Assigning Pods to the Analyzers 50 Data On Clocks Display 51 Labels: Mapping Analyzer Channels to Your Target 55 Setting Up the Pod Clock 55 Pod Selection 56 Setting the Pod Threshold 57 State Clock Setup/Hold (State only) 58

The Trigger Tab 60

Understanding Logic Analyzer Triggering 61 Setting Up a Trigger 63 Inserting and Deleting Sequence Steps 64 Editing Sequence Steps 65 Setting Up Loops and Jumps in the Trigger Sequence 66 Saving and Recalling Trigger Sequences 67 Clearing Part or All of the Trigger 68 Overview of the Trigger Sequence 69 Trigger Functions 69 Working with the User-level Function 77 Defining Resource Terms 80 Tagging Data with Time or State Tags (State Only) 86 Arming Control 87

Contents

Specifications and Characteristics 89

What is a Specification 89 What is a Characteristic 89 What is a Calibration Procedure 90 What is a Function Test 90 HP 16554A Logic Analyzer Specifications 90 HP 16554A Logic Analyzer Characteristics 91

Analyzer Probing Overview 93

The Symbols Tab 96

Displaying Data in Symbolic Form 97

Setting Up Object File Symbols 98

To Load Object File Symbols 98 Relocating Sections of Code 100 To Delete Object File Symbol Files 101 Symbol File Formats 101 Creating ASCII Symbol Files 102 Creating a readers.ini File 107

User-Defined Symbols 109

To Create User-Defined Symbols 109 To Replace User-Defined Symbols 109 To Delete User-Defined Symbols 110 To Load User-Defined Symbols 110

Using Symbols In The Logic Analyzer 111

Using Symbols As Trigger Terms 111 Using Symbols as Search Patterns in Listing Displays 112 Using Symbols as Trigger Terms in the Source Viewer 112 Using Symbols as Pattern Filter Terms 113 Using Symbols as Ranges in the Software Performance Analyzer 113

Help - How to Navigate Quickly 116

Contents

Help - System Overview 117

Run/Group Run Function 118

Setting a tool for independent or Group Run 119 Setting Single or Repetitive Run 120 Checking Run Status 120 Demand Driven Data 121

Glossary

Index

HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

After you have connected the logic analyzer probes to your target system, (see page 10) there are five basic steps for any measurement.

1. “Define the Type of Measurement” on page 11

2. “Set Up the Bus Labels” on page 13

3. “Define Trigger Conditions” on page 14

4. “Run the Measurement” on page 15

5. “Examine the Data” on page 16 Refine measurement by repeating steps 3 - 5.

If you load a configuration file, it will set up the logic analyzer and trigger. For your particular measurement, you may need to change some settings.

See Also “Making a Basic Timing Measurement” on page 22

“Making a Basic State Measurement” on page 18

Measurement Examples (see the Measurement Examples help volume)

Making Basic Measurements for a self-paced tutorial

Connect the Analyzer to the Target System

Before you begin setting up a measurement, you need to physically connect the logic analyzer to your target system. Attach the pods in a way that keeps logically related channels together and be sure to

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

ground each pod. Analysis probes, available for most common microprocessors, can simplify the connection process.

The logic analyzer pods carry the signals to the logic analyzer from your target system. Connect the pods either directly to the target system or to an analysis probe. You can attach the pods either directly to a 40-pin header, to a 20-pin header with an adapter, or use the General Purpose Probes to attach to individual channels.

If you are using an analysis probe, Setup Assistant will guide you through the process based on your logic analyzer and the analysis probe.

Step 1: Describe the Measurement (see page 11)

See Also “Analyzer Probing Overview” on page 93 for more detail on types of probes

Setup Assistant (see the Setup Assistant help volume)

Logic Analysis System and Measurement Modules Installation Guide for probe pinout and circuit diagrams.

Define the Type of Measurement

There are two types of measurements: state measurements and timing measurements. Use the Sampling tab to select either type

and to specify the details particular to that type.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

Choose State or Timing

In a state measurement, the analyzer uses an external clock to determine when to sample. Each time the analyzer receives a state clock pulse, it samples and stores the logic state of the target system.

In a timing measurement, the analyzer is analogous to an oscilloscope. It samples at regular time intervals and displays the information in a waveform similar to the oscilloscope.

Set Measurement Mode

Each measurement type has different measurement modes. In general, there is a trade-off between number of signals and speed.

Because the measurement type and mode affect clocking and trigger options, you must set the measurement type first.

Set up State Clock

For state measurements, you must specify a clock to match the clocking arrangement used by your target system. It can be as simple as a single rising edge, or a complex arrangement of up to four signals. If the clock is incorrect, the trace data may indicate a problem where there isn’t one. Specify the state clock in Clock Setup.

The equivalent in timing mode of the state clock is the Sample Period. The Sample Period sets the time between logic analyzer samples. For reliable data, the sample period should be no more than half of your clock period. Many engineers prefer setting it to one-fourth of the clock period.

Set up the Trace

The remaining controls finish your description of how you want to capture data. The trigger position determines where the events you specify in the trigger sequence will be relative to the majority of the data the logic analyzer captures.

Memory depth is affected by the measurement mode. Some logic analyzers also let you limit how big the acquisition will be with an Acquisiton Depth control.

Step 2: Set Up the Bus Labels (see page 13)

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

See Also “The Sampling Tab” on page 41 for information on setting type and

assigning pods

“Setting the Acquisition Mode” on page 42 for links to this analyzer's modes

“Performing Clock Setup (State only)” on page 42

Set Up the Bus Labels

The next step is to finish defining the physical connection between the target system and the analzyer. Use the Format tab to tell the analyzer what you want to measure on the target system. If you load a configuration file, this step is taken care of for you.

Group and Label Signals

Because the logic analyzer can capture dozens or even hundreds of signals, you need to organize the signals by grouping and labeling channels. Labels are used to group these channels into logical signals; for example, "addr bus". These groupings are then used in the trigger tab and the data displays. A label can have up to 32 channels. Each measurement can define 126 labels. Active channels are indicated like

so .

Set Threshold Level

The logic analyzer needs to know what threshold level the target system is using. You can set the analyzer to use TTL or ECL logic levels,

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

or set a different threshold voltage. The logic analyzer requires a minimum voltage swing of 500 mV at the probe tip to recognize changes in logic levels.

Step 3: Define Trigger Conditions (see page 14)

See Also “Assigning Bits to a Label” on page 51

“The Format Tab” on page 49

Define Trigger Conditions

The third step is to define the trigger. The trigger settings tell the analyzer when you want to capture data. Controls for this are located under the Tri g g e r tab. Configuration files saved from previous measurements automatically define trigger settings.

Set Up a Trigger Sequence

The trigger sequence is like a small program that controls when the logic analyzer stores data. There are trigger functions for the common tasks, or you can set up your own. The logic analyzer starts at the first trigger level, and stays there until the conditions described in that level become true. When that happens, the logic analyzer goes to the next level and follows the instructions there.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Define Terms

Trigger terms are like variables that you use in the trigger sequence. Depending on what analyzer you are using, you can either assign the values directly from within the trigger sequence or from the tabs (pattern, range, edge).

Step 4: Run the Measurement (see page 15)

See Also “Defining Resource Terms” on page 80

“Understanding Logic Analyzer Triggering” on page 61

“Setting Up a Trigger” on page 63

“The Trigger Tab” on page 60

Measurement Examples (see the Measurement Examples help volume)

Setting Up a Measurement

Run the Measurement

You run the measurement by selecting the Run button. The Run button is labeled either Run, Group Run, or Run All. The difference between the three types is that Run starts only the instrument you are using, Group Run starts all instruments attached to group run in the Intermodule window, and Run All starts all instruments currently placed in the workspace.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

Select Single or Repetitive

Runs can be single or repetitive. Single runs gather data until the logic analyzer memory is full, and then stop. Repetitive runs keep repeating the same measurement and are useful for gathering statistics. To stop a run, click Stop.

NOTE: Repetitive runs on a logic analyzer don’t do equivalent time sampling like

oscilloscopes do.

If Nothing Happens...

Analyzers with deep memory take a noticeable amount of time to complete a run. Because data is not displayed until acquisition completes, it may look like nothing is happening. Check the Run Status window to see if the logic analyzer is still running. Messages such as "Waiting in level 1" may indicate you need to refine your trigger. If the status shows as "Stopped", the analyzer either finished the acquisition, or was unable to run. The cause of the problem is listed in the bottom half of the Run Status window, and the messages are explained in more detail in “Error Messages” on page 33.

Step 5: Examine the Data (see page 16)

See Also “When Something Goes Wrong” on page 33

Examine the Data

Data from your measurement can be viewed in various display windows or offline. Some of the things you can do in the display windows are

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Setting Up a Measurement

• Search for patterns

• Display time-correlated data

• Use markers to make measurements and gather statistics

Search for Patterns

You can search displays for certain values, and place markers on them. There are two global markers which keep their place across all measurement views, even across instruments.

Display Correlated Data

There are several tools for correlation. The Intermodule window allows you to specify complex triggering configurations using several instruments. It is also useful for starting acquisitions at the same time. Global markers mark the same events in different displays, so you can switch views without having to reorient yourself. The Compare tool lets you compare two different acquisitions to look for changes.

Use Markers to Make Measurements

The markers can be positioned relative to the beginning, end, trigger, or another marker, as well as set to a specific pattern, state, or time. The Markers tab in the Display windows shows the time or state value as you move the markers or take new acquisitions.

See Also Working with Markers (see the Markers help volume)

Using the Chart Display Tool (see the Chart Display Tool help volume)

Using the Distribution Display Tool (see the Distribution Display Tool help volume)

Using the Listing Display Tool (see the Listing Display Tool help volume)

Using the Digital Waveform Display Tool (see the Waveform Display Tool help volume)

Using the Compare Analysis Tool (see the Compare Tool help volume)

“Interpreting the Data” on page 26

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Making a Basic State Measurement

This example uses the circuit board that is supplied with the Making Basic Measurements kit as the target system. The kit is supplied with

every logic analysis system, or can be ordered from your HP Sales Office.

There are six major steps to making a basic measurement.

Connect the Logic Analyzer to your Target Sys t e m

1. Connect probes.

• Connect Pod 1 of the logic analyzer to J1 on the target system.

The training board has terminations and headers already built in to the system, so you can connect the logic analyzer pod directly to the board.

2. Define the type of measurement On the HP 16600A-series or HP 16700A logic analysis system, open a logic analyzer setup window.

a. In the main window, right-click the logic analyzer icon.

b. Select Setup... from the menu.

c. Click the Sampling tab.

d. If the logic analyzer is not already set for State, change the type to

State.

3. Set up the clock to match the target system's clocking scheme.

a. In the bottom half of the Sampling tab window, choose the correct

edges to match your clock. For Pod 1 attached to the training board, the correct clock is the falling edge on J.

1. Click on Off under J and choose "Falling Edge" from the menu.

4. Group and label bits.

a. Click on the Format tab.

b. Optional - Insert a second label.

1. Right-click Label1.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Making a Basic State Measurement

2. Select Insert after....

3. In the Enter Label Name box, click OK.

c. Optional - Rename Label1.

1. Right-click Label1.

2. Select Rename....

3. Enter a new name in the name field.

4. Click OK to close the Rename Label box.

d. Right-click the bit assignment field.

The bit assignment field is the field to the right of a label name, and under a pod column.

e. Select ........******** from the menu.

If none of the choices match your own system, select Individual... and click on the individual bits to assign them (*) or ignore them (.).

5. Define trigger events for patterns on buses.

a. Click the Trigger tab.

b. Optional - Rename Pattern1.

1. Double-click in the Pattern1 field.

2. Enter a new name.

c. Select the appropriate label.

1. Click the field to the far-right of the label name.

2. To define the event as a combination of labels, click Insert... To use a different label to define the event, click Replace...

3. In the dialog box, click the label name you want to use and then click OK.

d. Click in the field with XX and enter the value you want to trigger on.

e. Optional - Repeat steps a - d for Pattern2.

6. Optional - Add additional trigger events to the trigger specification.

The logic analyzer automatically triggers on Pattern1, the first trigger event. You can set up more complex triggers by editing the sequence levels

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Making a Basic State Measurement

and combining trigger events.

a. Click the 1 box and select Edit...

b. In the dialog box, click the Pattern1 button just after Trigger on and

select Combo...

c. In the Combination box, click Off next to Pattern2 and select On.

d. To change the trigger to Pattern1 and Pattern2, click the Or box to

the right of the events and select And.

e. Click on OK.

f. Click on Close.

The analyzer is now set to trigger when it detects both the pattern defined by Pattern1 and the pattern defined by Pattern2 on the target system’s buses. The trigger sequence windows shows

Trigger on "(Pattern1.Pattern2)" 1 time

See Also “The Tri gger Tab” on page 60

1. Click Run.

2. Examine the data.

a. Click the Navigate button.

b. Point to Analyzer<A> in the menu and select Listing<1>.

Depending on what other instruments are active, there may be more than one Analyzer<A>. Choose the one that refers to your analyzer.

c. To have the listing display appear automatically when you run the logic

analyzer, select Options -> Popup on Run -> On in the menu bar of the listing display.

d. To insert additional labels, right-click the label name.

Making a Basic Timing Measurement

This example uses the circuit board that is supplied with the Making Basic Measurements kit as the target system. The kit is supplied with

every logic analysis system, or can be ordered from your HP Sales Office.

There are six major steps to making a basic measurement.

Connect the Logic Analyzer to the Target System

1. Connect probes.

• Connect Pod 1 of the logic analyzer to J1 on the target system.

The training board has terminations and headers already built in to the system, so you can connect the logic analyzer pod directly to the board.

2. Define the type of measurement. On the HP 16600A-series or HP 16700A logic analysis system, open a logic analyzer setup window.

a. In the main window, right-click the logic analyzer icon.

b. Select Setup... from the menu.

c. Click the Sampling tab.

d. If the logic analyzer is not already set for Timing, change the type to

Timing.

3. Group and label bits.

a. Click the Format tab.

b. Optional - Insert a second label.

1. Right-click Label1.

2. Select Insert after....

3. In the Enter Label Name box, click OK.

c. Optional - Rename Label1

1. Right-click Label1.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Making a Basic Timing Measurement

2. Select Rename....

3. Enter a new name in the name field.

4. Click OK to close the Rename Label box.

d. Click the bit assignment field.

The bit assignment field is the field to the right of a label name, and under a pod column.

e. Select ........******** from the menu.

If none of the choices match your own system, select Individual... and click on the individual bits to assign them (*) or ignore them (.).

4. Define trigger events for a bus.

a. Click the Trigger tab.

b. Click the Pattern tab.

c. Optional - Rename pattern Pattern1.

1. Double-click in the Pattern1 field.

2. Enter a new name.

d. Select the appropriate label.

1. Click the field to the far-right of the label name.

2. To define the event as a combination of labels, click Insert... To use a different label to define the event, click Replace...

3. In the dialog box, click the label name you want to use and then click OK.

e. Click in the field with XX and enter the value you want to trigger on.

5. Define trigger events for an edge.

a. Click the Edge tab.

b. Optional - Rename Edge1.

1. Double-click in the Edge1 field.

2. Enter a new name.

c. Select the appropriate label.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Making a Basic Timing Measurement

1. Click the label field immediately to the right of the label name.

2. To define the event as a combination of labels, click Insert... To use a different label to define the event, click Replace... Edges within an event are always OR’d together, which means only one of the edges on one of the labels needs to occur for the edge event to become true.

3. In the dialog box, click the label name you want to use and then click OK.

d. Click the edge assignment field (........) and enter the edge or

edges you want to trigger on. Remember, if more than one edge is specified, then when the logic analyzer detects any of the edges the event becomes true.

6. Add the edge event to the trigger specification.

a. Right-click the 1 box and select Edit...

b. In the dialog box, click the Pattern1 button and select Combo...

c. In the Combination box, click Off next to Edge1 and select On.

d. Click the Or box where the path from Pattern1 and the path from

Edge1 come together, and select And.

e. Click on OK.

The analyzer is now set to trigger when it detects Edge1 and Pattern1 on the bus. The trigger sequence window shows

Trigger on Pattern1.Edge1 occurs 1 times

The logic analyzer automatically triggers on the first trigger event. You can set up more complex triggers by editing the sequence levels and defining additional trigger events.

See Also “The Tri gger Tab” on page 60

1. Click Run.

2. Examine the data.

a. Click the Navigate button.

b. Point to Analyzer<A> in the menu and select Waveform<1>.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Depending on what other instruments are active, there may be more than one Analyzer<A>. Choose the one that refers to your analyzer.

c. To have the waveform display appear automatically when you run the

logic analyzer, select Options -> Popup on Run -> On in the menu bar of the waveform display.

d. To insert additional labels, or expand overlaid signals, right-click the

label name.

Interpreting the Data

After you’ve acquired a trace with the logic analyzer, you can analyze it in the display tools. The logic analysis system also provides filtering and compare tools for more complex analysis.

The logic analyzer is automatically connected to the Waveform and Listing displays when you set up a measurement. To move to that display,

1. Right-click the blue Navigate button.

2. Move the cursor over the name of the analyzer whose data you want to view.

3. Click on Waveform or Listing. Source Viewer brings up a Listing display but requires an inverse assembler and an ADDR label.

•“Analysis Using Waveform” on page 26

•“Analysis Using Listing” on page 28

Analysis Using Waveform

Waveform is most useful for timing data. If you look at state data that uses store qualification, you won’t be able to easily see where samples were not stored. Timing data, however, is periodic and stores all samples and so works well with Waveform.

Example: Looking for a Missing Pattern

You can easily use the waveform tool to make timing measurements. For example, if you were triggering when a pattern doesn’t follow an edge within a certain time (see the Measurement Examples help volume), you would probably want to look at your data set to see if the pattern ever did occur. This might be the case when you verifying that the system is responding to an interrupt.

After triggering on an instance where the response did not appear

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Interpreting the Data

quickly enough, you might take these steps in the Waveform display:

1. Find the edge.

a. Click Search.

b. Click the down arrow after the Label field, and select the label

containing the edge.

c. Click the Value field and type 1.

d. Click Next to locate the edge transition.

2. Place a marker on the edge.

Click Set G1. This sets global marker G1 at the location of the edge you just found.

3. Search for the pattern. Searches start at your current location. Since you just set the global marker G1, it indicates where the search starts from.

a. Click the down arrow after the Label field, and select the label

containing the pattern.

b. Click the Value field and type the pattern you are searching for.

c. Click the down arrow after the When field and select Entering.

d. Click Next to find the next occurrence of that pattern after G1.

If the logic analysis system cannot find the pattern, a "Value not found" message pops up.

4. Place a marker on the pattern.

Click Set G2. This will set global marker G2 at the location of the pattern.

5. Find the time between the edge and the pattern.

a. Click Markers.

b. In the G2 row, click the down arrow after from, and select G1.

The value after the from field changes to the time between G1 and G2. You can toggle between time and samples by clicking the arrow after the Time or Samples field.

See Also Using the Digital Waveform Display Tool (see the Waveform Display Tool

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Interpreting the Data

help volume)

Using the Listing Display Tool (see the Listing Display Tool help volume)

Using the Chart Display Tool (see the Chart Display Tool help volume)

Using the Distribution Display Tool (see the Distribution Display Tool help volume)

Using the Compare Analysis Tool (see the Compare Tool help volume)

Using the Pattern Filter Analysis Tool (see the Pattern Filter Tool help volume)

Analysis Using Listing

Listing is more useful than Waveform when your target system is running code because it shows the labels as states rather than transitions. Listing is especially useful when you have defined meaningful symbol names for your states. If you have an inverse assembler, you might prefer Source Viewer which functions like Listing.

Example: Examining a Subroutine

Listing is the preferred display tool for state measurements. for example, if you were trying to see if a subroutine were exiting abnormally, you might want to measure the number of states between entering and exiting the subroutine. After acquiring data with the logic analyzer, you could examine the data set in the Listing display like this:

1. Find the start of the subroutine.

Assume the subroutine starts at the address 0x58FC.

a. Click Search.

b. Click the down arrow after the Label field, and select ADDR.

c. Click the Value field, and type in the starting address, 0x58FC.

d. Click the down arrow after the When field and select Present.

e. Click Next or Prev to move the display to the address.

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Interpreting the Data

2. Place a marker on the start of the subroutine.

Click Set G1. This sets global marker G1 at the address you just found.

3. Find the end of the subroutine.

Assume the end of the subroutine is at address 0x58FF. Searches always start at the current location. Since you just set the global marker G1, it indicates where the search starts from.

a. Click the Value field, and enter 58FF.

b. Click Next to find the next occurrence of 0x58FF after the starting

address.

4. Place a marker on the end of the subroutine.

Click Set G2 to set global marker G2 at this position. This lets you refer to G2 when you want to know where the subroutine ends.

5. Find the number of states between the start and end of the subroutine.

Since you’ve placed markers at the start and end of the subroutine, all you have to do is find the number of states between those markers.

a. Click Markers.

b. In the G2 row, click the second down arrow and select Sample.

c. Click the down arrow after from, and select G1.

The value after the from field changes to the number of states between G1 and G2. You can toggle between time and states by clicking the arrow after the Time or Samples field.

Now you know how long the execution stayed in the subroutine, and can also examine the data set between G1 and G2 to look for unusual data.

See Also Using the Digital Waveform Display Tool (see the Waveform Display Tool

help volume)

Using the Listing Display Tool (see the Listing Display Tool help volume)

Using the Chart Display Tool (see the Chart Display Tool help volume)

Using the Distribution Display Tool (see the Distribution Display Tool help volume)

Chapter 1: HP 16554A 70 MHz State/500 MHz Timing Logic Analyzer

Interpreting the Data

Using the Compare Analysis Tool (see the Compare Tool help volume)

Using the Pattern Filter Analysis Tool (see the Pattern Filter Tool help volume)

+ 110 hidden pages

Agilent 16554A Help Volume

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Setting Up a Measurement

Connect the Analyzer to the Target System

Define the Type of Measurement

Set Up the Bus Labels

Define Trigger Conditions

Run the Measurement

Examine the Data

Making a Basic State Measurement

Making a Basic Timing Measurement

Interpreting the Data

Analysis Using Waveform

Analysis Using Listing